WO2017065299A1 - 多元共重合体、ゴム組成物、架橋ゴム組成物、ゴム製品、及びタイヤ - Google Patents
多元共重合体、ゴム組成物、架橋ゴム組成物、ゴム製品、及びタイヤ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017065299A1 WO2017065299A1 PCT/JP2016/080614 JP2016080614W WO2017065299A1 WO 2017065299 A1 WO2017065299 A1 WO 2017065299A1 JP 2016080614 W JP2016080614 W JP 2016080614W WO 2017065299 A1 WO2017065299 A1 WO 2017065299A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- group
- compound
- component
- rubber composition
- copolymer
- Prior art date
Links
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 167
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 141
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 125000002015 acyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical group C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical group C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical group CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000003011 styrenyl group Chemical group [H]\C(*)=C(/[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920006027 ternary co-polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- -1 diene compound Chemical class 0.000 description 282
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 103
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 84
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 description 70
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 59
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 53
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 53
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 49
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 42
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 40
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 40
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 40
- 239000002879 Lewis base Substances 0.000 description 39
- 150000007527 lewis bases Chemical class 0.000 description 39
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 36
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 36
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- 125000003454 indenyl group Chemical group C1(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 34
- YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indene Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=CC2=C1 YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 31
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 30
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 29
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 29
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 29
- 150000008040 ionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 27
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 26
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 24
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 24
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 21
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 20
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 19
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 19
- LWNGJAHMBMVCJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenoxy)boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)OC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F LWNGJAHMBMVCJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 17
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 150000002738 metalloids Chemical group 0.000 description 16
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 16
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 16
- GPNYZBKIGXGYNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-6-[(3-tert-butyl-5-ethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-4-ethylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(CC)=CC(CC=2C(=C(C=C(CC)C=2)C(C)(C)C)O)=C1O GPNYZBKIGXGYNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 15
- 150000002366 halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 14
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N endo-cyclopentadiene Natural products C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium atom Chemical compound [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 14
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 13
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- SIPUZPBQZHNSDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-methylpropyl)aluminum Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al]CC(C)C SIPUZPBQZHNSDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- DBDNZCBRIPTLJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron(1-) monohydride Chemical compound [BH-] DBDNZCBRIPTLJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 12
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 11
- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 150000007944 thiolates Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ethylcaproic acid Natural products CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 9
- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisobutylaluminium Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al](CC(C)C)CC(C)C MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- CPOFMOWDMVWCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl(oxo)alumane Chemical compound C[Al]=O CPOFMOWDMVWCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- YWWDBCBWQNCYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylphosphine Chemical compound CP(C)C YWWDBCBWQNCYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 8
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 125000000058 cyclopentadienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC1)* 0.000 description 7
- MGDOJPNDRJNJBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylaluminum Chemical compound [Al].C[CH2] MGDOJPNDRJNJBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000001181 organosilyl group Chemical group [SiH3]* 0.000 description 7
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphonium Chemical compound [PH4+] XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 7
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910021380 Manganese Chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Manganese chloride Chemical compound Cl[Mn]Cl GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 125000000732 arylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920003244 diene elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- HJXBDPDUCXORKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylalumane Chemical compound CC[AlH]CC HJXBDPDUCXORKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N holmium atom Chemical compound [Ho] KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011565 manganese chloride Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000002867 manganese chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229940099607 manganese chloride Drugs 0.000 description 6
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- 125000000538 pentafluorophenyl group Chemical group FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(*)C(F)=C1F 0.000 description 6
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 6
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- SQBBHCOIQXKPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylalumane Chemical compound CCCC[Al](CCCC)CCCC SQBBHCOIQXKPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OAOABCKPVCUNKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-methyl Nonanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCC(O)=O OAOABCKPVCUNKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000005234 alkyl aluminium group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- VTZJFPSWNQFPCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylaluminum Chemical compound CCCC[Al]CCCC VTZJFPSWNQFPCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000001664 diethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 125000002147 dimethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 125000002960 margaryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 125000002958 pentadecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 5
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- UYPYRKYUKCHHIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine N-oxide Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)[O-] UYPYRKYUKCHHIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 5
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M (2r)-2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound CCCC[C@@H](CC)C([O-])=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000005968 1-Decanol Substances 0.000 description 4
- CMAOLVNGLTWICC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-fluoro-5-methylbenzonitrile Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(F)C(C#N)=C1 CMAOLVNGLTWICC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical group [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000181 Ethylene propylene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004450 alkenylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000002490 anilino group Chemical group [H]N(*)C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ba+2] WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910001626 barium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- LWBPNIJBHRISSS-UHFFFAOYSA-L beryllium dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Be]Cl LWBPNIJBHRISSS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- KPWJBEFBFLRCLH-UHFFFAOYSA-L cadmium bromide Chemical compound Br[Cd]Br KPWJBEFBFLRCLH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- YKYOUMDCQGMQQO-UHFFFAOYSA-L cadmium dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Cd]Cl YKYOUMDCQGMQQO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- OKIIEJOIXGHUKX-UHFFFAOYSA-L cadmium iodide Chemical compound [Cd+2].[I-].[I-] OKIIEJOIXGHUKX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- OJOSABWCUVCSTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohepta-2,4,6-trienylium Chemical compound C1=CC=C[CH+]=C[CH]1 OJOSABWCUVCSTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JJSGABFIILQOEY-UHFFFAOYSA-M diethylalumanylium;bromide Chemical compound CC[Al](Br)CC JJSGABFIILQOEY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- YNLAOSYQHBDIKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M diethylaluminium chloride Chemical compound CC[Al](Cl)CC YNLAOSYQHBDIKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-O dimethyl(phenyl)azanium Chemical compound C[NH+](C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 4
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JFICPAADTOQAMU-UHFFFAOYSA-L ethylaluminum(2+);dibromide Chemical compound CC[Al](Br)Br JFICPAADTOQAMU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- UAIZDWNSWGTKFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L ethylaluminum(2+);dichloride Chemical compound CC[Al](Cl)Cl UAIZDWNSWGTKFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 150000002220 fluorenes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 4
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000003800 germyl group Chemical group [H][Ge]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 4
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000002469 indenes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000006606 n-butoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-biphenylenemethane Natural products C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229960002446 octanoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- UUEVFMOUBSLVJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo-[[1-[2-[2-[2-[4-(oxoazaniumylmethylidene)pyridin-1-yl]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl]pyridin-4-ylidene]methyl]azanium;dibromide Chemical compound [Br-].[Br-].C1=CC(=C[NH+]=O)C=CN1CCOCCOCCN1C=CC(=C[NH+]=O)C=C1 UUEVFMOUBSLVJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanamine Chemical compound [SiH3]N FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003638 stannyl group Chemical group [H][Sn]([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- RXJKFRMDXUJTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylphosphine Chemical compound CCP(CC)CC RXJKFRMDXUJTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VNDYJBBGRKZCSX-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc bromide Chemical compound Br[Zn]Br VNDYJBBGRKZCSX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- UAYWVJHJZHQCIE-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc iodide Chemical compound I[Zn]I UAYWVJHJZHQCIE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- OJJVPGJEBAZOIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenoxy)boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)OC1=CC(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F OJJVPGJEBAZOIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JWZGJDATMFMKIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3,4-trifluorophenoxy)boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)OC1=CC=C(F)C(F)=C1F JWZGJDATMFMKIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LCIOIBLOWNIOOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3-difluorophenoxy)boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)OC1=CC=CC(F)=C1F LCIOIBLOWNIOOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LKWLQPNRJQQVEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3-dimethylphenoxy)boronic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(OB(O)O)=C1C LKWLQPNRJQQVEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HTGQCLJTWPSFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-methylphenoxy)boronic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OB(O)O HTGQCLJTWPSFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PHBVXHIVWULVNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-fluorophenoxy)boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)OC1=CC=C(F)C=C1 PHBVXHIVWULVNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CVBUKMMMRLOKQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylbutane-1,3-dione Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 CVBUKMMMRLOKQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LQIIEHBULBHJKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropylalumane Chemical compound CC(C)C[AlH2] LQIIEHBULBHJKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HNNQYHFROJDYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4-ethylcyclohexyl)propanoic acid 3-(3-ethylcyclopentyl)propanoic acid Chemical compound CCC1CCC(CCC(O)=O)C1.CCC1CCC(CCC(O)=O)CC1 HNNQYHFROJDYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052773 Promethium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- ICKSOVDWLBHVCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(4-methylpentyl)alumane Chemical class C(CCC(C)C)[AlH]CCCC(C)C ICKSOVDWLBHVCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052795 boron group element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000007810 chemical reaction solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003426 co-catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- CPDVHGLWIFENDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihexylalumane Chemical compound C(CCCCC)[AlH]CCCCCC CPDVHGLWIFENDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GNPSMYTXIPVJDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctylalumane Chemical compound C(CCCCCCC)[AlH]CCCCCCCC GNPSMYTXIPVJDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XOCWTYIVWYOSGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylalumane Chemical compound C(CC)[AlH]CCC XOCWTYIVWYOSGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dysprosium atom Chemical compound [Dy] KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 3
- OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium atom Chemical compound [Eu] OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NDOGLIPWGGRQCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-2,4-dione Chemical compound CCC(=O)CC(C)=O NDOGLIPWGGRQCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N lutetium atom Chemical compound [Lu] OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 3
- GJYXGIIWJFZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane-2,4-dione Chemical compound CCCCC(=O)CC(C)=O GJYXGIIWJFZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- VQMWBBYLQSCNPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N promethium atom Chemical compound [Pm] VQMWBBYLQSCNPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000002572 propoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000000446 sulfanediyl group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium atom Chemical compound [Tb] GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004213 tert-butoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(O*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZIYNWDQDHKSRCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricyclohexylalumane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1[Al](C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1 ZIYNWDQDHKSRCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-O triethylammonium ion Chemical compound CC[NH+](CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 3
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-O trimethylammonium Chemical compound C[NH+](C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 3
- LFXVBWRMVZPLFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctylalumane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Al](CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC LFXVBWRMVZPLFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JOJQVUCWSDRWJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripentylalumane Chemical compound CCCCC[Al](CCCCC)CCCCC JOJQVUCWSDRWJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CNWZYDSEVLFSMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylalumane Chemical compound CCC[Al](CCC)CCC CNWZYDSEVLFSMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GIIXTFIYICRGMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,3-dimethylphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(P(C=2C(=C(C)C=CC=2)C)C=2C(=C(C)C=CC=2)C)=C1C GIIXTFIYICRGMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- COIOYMYWGDAQPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-methylphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)C1=CC=CC=C1C COIOYMYWGDAQPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTAKQLTYPVIOBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tritert-butylalumane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[Al](C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C RTAKQLTYPVIOBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZGEGCLOFRBLKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Heptene Chemical compound CCCCCC=C ZGEGCLOFRBLKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBHBNYRLTADHQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzyl-1h-indene Chemical compound C1=CC2=CC=CC=C2C1CC1=CC=CC=C1 NBHBNYRLTADHQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XDOFQFKRPWOURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-methylheptadecanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O XDOFQFKRPWOURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- LTMRRSWNXVJMBA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 2,2-diethylpropanedioate Chemical compound CCC(CC)(C([O-])=O)C([O-])=O LTMRRSWNXVJMBA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- SDJHPPZKZZWAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylbuta-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC(=C)C(C)=C SDJHPPZKZZWAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JECYUBVRTQDVAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-acetylphenol Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O JECYUBVRTQDVAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JKFYKCYQEWQPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-azaniumyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate Chemical compound OC(=O)C(N)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 JKFYKCYQEWQPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BGLQFLIZWKWFBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-benzyl-1h-indene Chemical compound C=1CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 BGLQFLIZWKWFBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GUARKOVVHJSMRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethylpentane-2,4-dione Chemical compound CCC(C(C)=O)C(C)=O GUARKOVVHJSMRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZZMVLMVFYMGSMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-n-(4-methylpentan-2-yl)-1-n-phenylbenzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound C1=CC(NC(C)CC(C)C)=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1 ZZMVLMVFYMGSMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YBAYKYGRRUJGPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCCCCCc1ccc(cc1)P(O)=O Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCc1ccc(cc1)P(O)=O YBAYKYGRRUJGPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RWNKSTSCBHKHTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl RWNKSTSCBHKHTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WRQNANDWMGAFTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylacetoacetic acid Chemical compound COC(=O)CC(C)=O WRQNANDWMGAFTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XZQYTGKSBZGQMO-UHFFFAOYSA-I Rhenium(V) chloride Inorganic materials Cl[Re](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl XZQYTGKSBZGQMO-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021612 Silver iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021627 Tin(IV) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VMPVEPPRYRXYNP-UHFFFAOYSA-I antimony(5+);pentachloride Chemical compound Cl[Sb](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl VMPVEPPRYRXYNP-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 2
- 125000001769 aryl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- NKQIMNKPSDEDMO-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].[Br-].[Ba+2] NKQIMNKPSDEDMO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001620 barium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SGUXGJPBTNFBAD-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium iodide Chemical compound [I-].[I-].[Ba+2] SGUXGJPBTNFBAD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001638 barium iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229940075444 barium iodide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC1=CC=CC=C1 KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940073608 benzyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- DAMJCWMGELCIMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl n-(2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl)carbamate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1COC(=O)NC1CCNC1=O DAMJCWMGELCIMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PBKYCFJFZMEFRS-UHFFFAOYSA-L beryllium bromide Chemical compound [Be+2].[Br-].[Br-] PBKYCFJFZMEFRS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001621 beryllium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001627 beryllium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JUCWKFHIHJQTFR-UHFFFAOYSA-L beryllium iodide Chemical compound [Be+2].[I-].[I-] JUCWKFHIHJQTFR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001639 beryllium iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- AZWXAPCAJCYGIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-methylpropyl)alumane Chemical class CC(C)C[AlH]CC(C)C AZWXAPCAJCYGIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NZIXICKPQWIFAU-UHFFFAOYSA-K bromo(dimethyl)alumane;dibromo(methyl)alumane Chemical compound C[Al](C)Br.C[Al](Br)Br NZIXICKPQWIFAU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- ODWXUNBKCRECNW-UHFFFAOYSA-M bromocopper(1+) Chemical compound Br[Cu+] ODWXUNBKCRECNW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000012662 bulk polymerization Methods 0.000 description 2
- QQHRHLXGCZWTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-L butylaluminum(2+);dibromide Chemical compound [Br-].[Br-].CCCC[Al+2] QQHRHLXGCZWTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- SHOVVTSKTTYFGP-UHFFFAOYSA-L butylaluminum(2+);dichloride Chemical compound CCCC[Al](Cl)Cl SHOVVTSKTTYFGP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229940075417 cadmium iodide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910001622 calcium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WGEFECGEFUFIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dibromide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Br-].[Br-] WGEFECGEFUFIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000001460 carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001728 carbonyl compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- HYZXMVILOKSUKA-UHFFFAOYSA-K chloro(dimethyl)alumane;dichloro(methyl)alumane Chemical compound C[Al](C)Cl.C[Al](Cl)Cl HYZXMVILOKSUKA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- RCTYPNKXASFOBE-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloromercury Chemical compound [Hg]Cl RCTYPNKXASFOBE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- GBRBMTNGQBKBQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;diiodide Chemical compound I[Cu]I GBRBMTNGQBKBQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005724 cycloalkenylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002993 cycloalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JBDSSBMEKXHSJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentanecarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCCC1 JBDSSBMEKXHSJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RJYMRRJVDRJMJW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dibromomanganese Chemical compound Br[Mn]Br RJYMRRJVDRJMJW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RJGHQTVXGKYATR-UHFFFAOYSA-L dibutyl(dichloro)stannane Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](Cl)(Cl)CCCC RJGHQTVXGKYATR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VJRUISVXILMZSL-UHFFFAOYSA-M dibutylalumanylium;chloride Chemical compound CCCC[Al](Cl)CCCC VJRUISVXILMZSL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- BEPAFCGSDWSTEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl malonate Chemical compound COC(=O)CC(=O)OC BEPAFCGSDWSTEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZGMHEOLLTWPGQX-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethylalumanylium;bromide Chemical compound C[Al](C)Br ZGMHEOLLTWPGQX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- JGHYBJVUQGTEEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethylalumanylium;chloride Chemical compound C[Al](C)Cl JGHYBJVUQGTEEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- HGQSXVKHVMGQRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyltin Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Sn]CCCCCCCC HGQSXVKHVMGQRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCWOVPZEAFLXPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl propanedioate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC(=O)CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 HCWOVPZEAFLXPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010556 emulsion polymerization method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetoacetate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(C)=O XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WUOIAOOSKMHJOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl(diphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 WUOIAOOSKMHJOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000012685 gas phase polymerization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- FDWREHZXQUYJFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M gold monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Au+] FDWREHZXQUYJFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- OVWPJGBVJCTEBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K gold tribromide Chemical compound Br[Au](Br)Br OVWPJGBVJCTEBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002510 isobutoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- OTCKOJUMXQWKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].[Br-] OTCKOJUMXQWKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001623 magnesium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BLQJIBCZHWBKSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium iodide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[I-].[I-] BLQJIBCZHWBKSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001641 magnesium iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QWYFOIJABGVEFP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(ii) iodide Chemical compound [Mn+2].[I-].[I-] QWYFOIJABGVEFP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- NGYIMTKLQULBOO-UHFFFAOYSA-L mercury dibromide Chemical compound Br[Hg]Br NGYIMTKLQULBOO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QKEOZZYXWAIQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-M mercury(1+);iodide Chemical compound [Hg]I QKEOZZYXWAIQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XBKBZMOLSULOEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L methylaluminum(2+);dibromide Chemical compound C[Al](Br)Br XBKBZMOLSULOEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- YSTQWZZQKCCBAY-UHFFFAOYSA-L methylaluminum(2+);dichloride Chemical compound C[Al](Cl)Cl YSTQWZZQKCCBAY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- DEQZTKGFXNUBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylsulfanyl)cyclohexanamine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1NSC1=NC2=CC=CC=C2S1 DEQZTKGFXNUBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000004957 naphthylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PFENPVAFZTUOOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl 3-oxobutanoate Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 PFENPVAFZTUOOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 2
- FAIAAWCVCHQXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)Cl FAIAAWCVCHQXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- OBRKWFIGZSMARO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylalumane Chemical compound [AlH2]CCC OBRKWFIGZSMARO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- SMQUZDBALVYZAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylaldehyde Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C=O SMQUZDBALVYZAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000005920 sec-butoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229940045105 silver iodide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012916 structural analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010558 suspension polymerization method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- KXLQKNLVPVYVKX-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrabromorhenium Chemical compound Br[Re](Br)(Br)Br KXLQKNLVPVYVKX-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- UXMRNSHDSCDMLG-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrachlororhenium Chemical compound Cl[Re](Cl)(Cl)Cl UXMRNSHDSCDMLG-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- KGKLLWHEYDUTBF-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetraiodorhenium Chemical compound I[Re](I)(I)I KGKLLWHEYDUTBF-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 150000003566 thiocarboxylic acids Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004665 trialkylsilyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- TUQOTMZNTHZOKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylphosphine Chemical compound CCCCP(CCCC)CCCC TUQOTMZNTHZOKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ORYGRKHDLWYTKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trihexylalumane Chemical compound CCCCCC[Al](CCCCCC)CCCCCC ORYGRKHDLWYTKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GCZKMPJFYKFENV-UHFFFAOYSA-K triiodogold Chemical compound I[Au](I)I GCZKMPJFYKFENV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 125000000025 triisopropylsilyl group Chemical group C(C)(C)[Si](C(C)C)(C(C)C)* 0.000 description 2
- XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KPGXUAIFQMJJFB-UHFFFAOYSA-H tungsten hexachloride Chemical compound Cl[W](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl KPGXUAIFQMJJFB-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 239000004636 vulcanized rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940102001 zinc bromide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960001939 zinc chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- NMRPBPVERJPACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3S)-octan-3-ol Natural products CCCCCC(O)CC NMRPBPVERJPACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N (9Z,12Z)-9,10,12,13-tetratritiooctadeca-9,12-dienoic acid Chemical compound C(CCCCCCC\C(=C(/C\C(=C(/CCCCC)\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])(=O)O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-SNAWJCMRSA-N (E)-1,3-pentadiene Chemical compound C\C=C\C=C PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VNPQQEYMXYCAEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4-tetramethylcyclopenta-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1=C(C)C(C)=C(C)C1 VNPQQEYMXYCAEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002030 1,2-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([*:1])=C([*:2])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- VNQNXQYZMPJLQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris[(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CN2C(N(CC=3C=C(C(O)=C(C=3)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)N(CC=3C=C(C(O)=C(C=3)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C2=O)=O)=C1 VNQNXQYZMPJLQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWRCNXZUPFZXOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-diphenylguanidine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC(=N)NC1=CC=CC=C1 OWRCNXZUPFZXOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUDQIKIAWOAOFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)butan-1-one Chemical compound CCCC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O GUDQIKIAWOAOFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UJPKMTDFFUTLGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-aminoethanol Chemical compound CC(N)O UJPKMTDFFUTLGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTPNYMSKBPZSTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C VTPNYMSKBPZSTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NVZWEEGUWXZOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NVZWEEGUWXZOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHUZSRRCICJJCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-3-ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC(C=C)=C1 XHUZSRRCICJJCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JZHGRUMIRATHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-3-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C=C)=C1 JZHGRUMIRATHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHFHDVDXYKOSKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-4-ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 WHFHDVDXYKOSKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQQVJVRRHCTWPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-propan-2-yl-9h-fluorene Chemical compound C1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1C(C(C)C)=CC=C2 WQQVJVRRHCTWPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MWQKURVBJZAOSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-propan-2-ylcyclopenta-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC1 MWQKURVBJZAOSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- XYHKNCXZYYTLRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-imidazole-2-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=NC=CN1 XYHKNCXZYYTLRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940002520 2'-hydroxyacetophenone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KDUWXMIHHIVXER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2'-hydroxypropiophenone Chemical compound CCC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O KDUWXMIHHIVXER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KGRVJHAUYBGFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2'-Methylenebis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C)=CC(CC=2C(=C(C=C(C)C=2)C(C)(C)C)O)=C1O KGRVJHAUYBGFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HTHVOKUQFTYCBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethylbutanethioic s-acid Chemical compound CCC(C)(C)C(S)=O HTHVOKUQFTYCBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SPSPIUSUWPLVKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dibutyl-6-methylphenol Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC=C(C)C(O)=C1CCCC SPSPIUSUWPLVKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVUXDWXKPROUDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol Chemical compound CCC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 BVUXDWXKPROUDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GJDRKHHGPHLVNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-ditert-butyl-4-(diethoxyphosphorylmethyl)phenol Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 GJDRKHHGPHLVNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WOFPPJOZXUTRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol Natural products CCCCC(O)CCC WOFPPJOZXUTRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ROHFBIREHKPELA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]prop-2-enoic acid;methane Chemical compound C.CC(C)(C)C1=CC(CC(=C)C(O)=O)=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O.CC(C)(C)C1=CC(CC(=C)C(O)=O)=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O.CC(C)(C)C1=CC(CC(=C)C(O)=O)=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O.CC(C)(C)C1=CC(CC(=C)C(O)=O)=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O ROHFBIREHKPELA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSRJVOOOWGXUDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-[3-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)propanoyloxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl 3-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C)C=2)C(C)(C)C)=C1 QSRJVOOOWGXUDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NAZDLMABXHCSPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-diphenylphosphanyl-n-(2-diphenylphosphanylphenyl)aniline Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(P(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=1NC1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NAZDLMABXHCSPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTDHYBAMQFCTIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl(octan-2-yl)phosphinic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(C)P(O)(=O)CC(CC)CCCC QTDHYBAMQFCTIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUIVYNSSLYLUQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexylphosphinic acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CP(O)=O TUIVYNSSLYLUQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTCCNERMXRIPTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C=O)C(O)=CC=C21 NTCCNERMXRIPTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UOBYKYZJUGYBDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-naphthoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 UOBYKYZJUGYBDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BSBXLZYWGGAVHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenyl-1h-indene Chemical compound C=1C2=CC=CC=C2CC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 BSBXLZYWGGAVHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-PPJXEINESA-N 2-phenylacetic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-PPJXEINESA-N 0.000 description 1
- HXIQYSLFEXIOAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-4-(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)sulfanyl-5-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1SC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C=C1C HXIQYSLFEXIOAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PFANXOISJYKQRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-4-[1-(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)butyl]-5-methylphenol Chemical compound C=1C(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C=C(C)C=1C(CCC)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C=C1C PFANXOISJYKQRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODJQKYXPKWQWNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 3-(2-carboxylatoethylsulfanyl)propanoate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCSCCC([O-])=O ODJQKYXPKWQWNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- IMBDJZUGAAMUIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-ethoxy-6-methyl-1,3,4,2-dioxazasilocan-2-yl)propane-1-thiol Chemical compound SCCC[Si]1(OCCC(CNO1)C)OCC IMBDJZUGAAMUIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCILJBJJZALOAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-n'-[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl]propanehydrazide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CCC(=O)NNC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 HCILJBJJZALOAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJDLQLIRZFKEKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanamide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(CCC(N)=O)=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O FJDLQLIRZFKEKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZXKOMFKKBASLCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(6-dodecyl-2-ethoxy-1,3,4,2-dioxazasilocan-2-yl)propane-1-thiol Chemical compound SCCC[Si]1(OCCC(CNO1)CCCCCCCCCCCC)OCC ZXKOMFKKBASLCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 3-Methylbutanoic acid Natural products CC(C)CC([O-])=O GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IKYAJDOSWUATPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[dimethoxy(methyl)silyl]propane-1-thiol Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)CCCS IKYAJDOSWUATPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCUNDLUTTXSPFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxynaphthalene-2-carbaldehyde Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C(C=O)C(O)=CC2=C1 QCUNDLUTTXSPFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKPZFTZOIXITST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-2-phenyl-1h-indene Chemical compound C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(C)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 JKPZFTZOIXITST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DCQBZYNUSLHVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-triethoxysilylpropane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCS DCQBZYNUSLHVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UUEWCQRISZBELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropane-1-thiol Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCS UUEWCQRISZBELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QRLSTWVLSWCGBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-((4,6-bis(octylthio)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino)-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCSC1=NC(SCCCCCCCC)=NC(NC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=N1 QRLSTWVLSWCGBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PRWJPWSKLXYEPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4,4-bis(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)butan-2-yl]-2-tert-butyl-5-methylphenol Chemical compound C=1C(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C=C(C)C=1C(C)CC(C=1C(=CC(O)=C(C=1)C(C)(C)C)C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C=C1C PRWJPWSKLXYEPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VSAWBBYYMBQKIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[[3,5-bis[(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-2,4,6-trimethylphenyl]methyl]-2,6-ditert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC1=C(CC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)=C(CC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)=C1CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 VSAWBBYYMBQKIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXQHJLUVWZNSLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-ethenyl-2,5-dimethylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(C=C)CC=C(C=C1)C TXQHJLUVWZNSLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FFWSICBKRCICMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-2-hexanone Chemical compound CC(C)CCC(C)=O FFWSICBKRCICMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UYQYTUYNNYZATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methyl-4,6-bis(octylsulfanylmethyl)cyclohexa-1,3-dien-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCSCC1=CC=C(O)C(C)(CSCCCCCCCC)C1 UYQYTUYNNYZATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LNQAPPHSMZHLOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9h-fluoren-1-yl(trimethyl)silane Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2CC2=C1C=CC=C2[Si](C)(C)C LNQAPPHSMZHLOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVAYHYJOQJQRCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(=S)O.C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=S)O Chemical group C(=S)O.C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=S)O QVAYHYJOQJQRCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GQGPSITWLCLNOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CCC)C1CCC[SiH2]NCC1 Chemical compound C(CCC)C1CCC[SiH2]NCC1 GQGPSITWLCLNOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFRYGBWWVYJSHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CCCCCCCC)C1=CC=C(C=C1)OP(O)=O Chemical compound C(CCCCCCCC)C1=CC=C(C=C1)OP(O)=O BFRYGBWWVYJSHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FNCUHBSMRGRNGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(CCCCCC)OP(O)=O Chemical compound CC(CCCCCC)OP(O)=O FNCUHBSMRGRNGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRZVQLZLKGXVCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCCC(C)P(O)=O Chemical compound CCCCCCC(C)P(O)=O JRZVQLZLKGXVCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PKYJSCBBIZGCSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCCCCCCCCP(O)=O Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCP(O)=O PKYJSCBBIZGCSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTWVYGIIHVUGNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCP(O)=O Chemical compound CCCCP(O)=O MTWVYGIIHVUGNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UNMYWSMUMWPJLR-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium iodide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[I-].[I-] UNMYWSMUMWPJLR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000005635 Caprylic acid (CAS 124-07-2) Substances 0.000 description 1
- JYFHYPJRHGVZDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(O)(=O)OCCCC JYFHYPJRHGVZDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicyclohexylamine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1NC1CCCCC1 XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002656 Distearyl thiodipropionate Substances 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol trioctadecanoate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003767 Gold(III) bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006237 Intermediate SAF Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-guanidine Natural products CNC(N)=N CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RXMHRIXXNQAUHW-AWLASTDMSA-N P(=O)(OCCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)(OCCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)O.P(=O)(OCCCCCCCCCCCC)(OCCCCCCCCCCCC)O Chemical compound P(=O)(OCCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)(OCCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)O.P(=O)(OCCCCCCCCCCCC)(OCCCCCCCCCCCC)O RXMHRIXXNQAUHW-AWLASTDMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GMPDOIGGGXSAPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenyl vinyl sulfide Chemical compound C=CSC1=CC=CC=C1 GMPDOIGGGXSAPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical class OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiazole Chemical compound C1=CSC=N1 FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Natural products NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006311 Urethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KFXKOQKIAJLZNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [ethoxy(dimethyl)silyl]methanethiol Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(C)CS KFXKOQKIAJLZNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004947 alkyl aryl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQLAYKMGZDUDLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium bromide Chemical compound Br[Al](Br)Br PQLAYKMGZDUDLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010692 aromatic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005110 aryl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- JUHORIMYRDESRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzathine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CNCCNCC1=CC=CC=C1 JUHORIMYRDESRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-methyl-butyric acid Natural products CC(C)CC(O)=O GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZIUWSQALWALJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphinic acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CP(O)(=O)CC(CC)CCCC KZIUWSQALWALJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUBPQDOOWCNEEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(4-nonylphenyl) hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound C1=CC(CCCCCCCCC)=CC=C1OP(O)(=O)OC1=CC=C(CCCCCCCCC)C=C1 TUBPQDOOWCNEEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VXWHRXREMKFIFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(4-nonylphenyl)phosphinic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(CCCCCCCCC)=CC=C1P(O)(=O)C1=CC=C(CCCCCCCCC)C=C1 VXWHRXREMKFIFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical class C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004106 butoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- PZXUXGAJOLNJSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl(2-ethylhexyl)phosphinic acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CP(O)(=O)CCCC PZXUXGAJOLNJSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001640 calcium iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940046413 calcium iodide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DKVNPHBNOWQYFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamodithioic acid Chemical compound NC(S)=S DKVNPHBNOWQYFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- KCCRAAQDMFFCJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanethioic s-acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(S)=O KCCRAAQDMFFCJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DZMKDJZCKIJKFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N di(octan-2-yl)phosphinic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(C)P(O)(=O)C(C)CCCCCC DZMKDJZCKIJKFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SEGLCEQVOFDUPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COP(O)(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC SEGLCEQVOFDUPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004986 diarylamino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- AFZSMODLJJCVPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzothiazol-2-yl disulfide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(SSC=3SC4=CC=CC=C4N=3)=NC2=C1 AFZSMODLJJCVPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KSHDLNQYVGBYHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylphosphinic acid Chemical compound CCCCP(O)(=O)CCCC KSHDLNQYVGBYHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWJCYVDGGSAERX-UHFFFAOYSA-N didodecylphosphinic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCP(O)(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCC UWJCYVDGGSAERX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DVZIQPGIAQDYQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diheptyl hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCOP(O)(=O)OCCCCCCC DVZIQPGIAQDYQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HUDSKKNIXMSHSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihexyl hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCOP(O)(=O)OCCCCCC HUDSKKNIXMSHSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005594 diketone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DXQYKFGICLVQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctan-2-yl hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(C)OP(O)(=O)OC(C)CCCCCC DXQYKFGICLVQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HTDKEJXHILZNPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyl hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOP(O)(=O)OCCCCCCCC HTDKEJXHILZNPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJZUIWBZDGBLKK-UHFFFAOYSA-M dipentyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCOP([O-])(=O)OCCCCC WJZUIWBZDGBLKK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ASMQGLCHMVWBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-M diphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(=O)([O-])OC1=CC=CC=C1 ASMQGLCHMVWBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BEQVQKJCLJBTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylphosphinic acid Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(=O)(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 BEQVQKJCLJBTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWWSSIYVTQUJQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N distearyl thiodipropionate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCSCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC PWWSSIYVTQUJQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019305 distearyl thiodipropionate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012990 dithiocarbamate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YCUBDDIKWLELPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl 2,2-dimethylpropanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C(=O)OC=C YCUBDDIKWLELPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical class CCOC(S)=S ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004705 ethylthio group Chemical group C(C)S* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001849 group 12 element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021482 group 13 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ILPNRWUGFSPGAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptane-2,4-dione Chemical compound CCCC(=O)CC(C)=O ILPNRWUGFSPGAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YEUAOTZWAWUYBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanethioic s-acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(S)=O YEUAOTZWAWUYBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012456 homogeneous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002429 hydrazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HWSZZLVAJGOAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pb]Cl HWSZZLVAJGOAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011147 magnesium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- OHZZTXYKLXZFSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-I manganese(3+) 5,10,15-tris(1-methylpyridin-1-ium-4-yl)-20-(1-methylpyridin-4-ylidene)porphyrin-22-ide pentachloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Mn+3].C1=CN(C)C=CC1=C1C(C=C2)=NC2=C(C=2C=C[N+](C)=CC=2)C([N-]2)=CC=C2C(C=2C=C[N+](C)=CC=2)=C(C=C2)N=C2C(C=2C=C[N+](C)=CC=2)=C2N=C1C=C2 OHZZTXYKLXZFSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012968 metallocene catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002816 methylsulfanyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])S[*] 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002762 monocarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=2OC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=C1 SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006285 olefinic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001117 oleyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C([H])=C([H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000005580 one pot reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WQIQNKQYEUMPBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethylcyclopentadiene Chemical compound CC1C(C)=C(C)C(C)=C1C WQIQNKQYEUMPBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MLCHBQKMVKNBOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylphosphinic acid Chemical compound OP(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MLCHBQKMVKNBOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003356 phenylsulfanyl group Chemical group [*]SC1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- UHZYTMXLRWXGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentachloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl UHZYTMXLRWXGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperylene Natural products CC=CC=C PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IUGYQRQAERSCNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pivalic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C(O)=O IUGYQRQAERSCNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005996 polystyrene-poly(ethylene-butylene)-polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000425 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005551 pyridylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- QAZLUNIWYYOJPC-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfenamide Chemical compound [Cl-].COC1=C(C)C=[N+]2C3=NC4=CC=C(OC)C=C4N3SCC2=C1C QAZLUNIWYYOJPC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVEOKSIILWWVEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecyl 3-(3-oxo-3-tetradecoxypropyl)sulfanylpropanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCSCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCCCC LVEOKSIILWWVEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thallium Chemical compound [Tl] BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005556 thienylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiram Chemical compound CN(C)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(C)C KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002447 thiram Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTHOKNTVYKTUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[3-(3-triethoxysilylpropyltetrasulfanyl)propyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCSSSSCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC VTHOKNTVYKTUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LTOKKZDSYQQAHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[4-(oxiran-2-yl)butyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCCC1CO1 LTOKKZDSYQQAHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJOOZNCPHALTKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxysilylmethanethiol Chemical compound CO[Si](CS)(OC)OC QJOOZNCPHALTKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEUUNIUMKJTBJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl-(2,3,4,5-tetramethylcyclopenta-2,4-dien-1-yl)silane Chemical compound CC1=C(C)C(C)=C(C)C1[Si](C)(C)C VEUUNIUMKJTBJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ANEFWEBMQHRDLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl) borate Chemical compound FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1OB(OC=1C(=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C=1F)F)OC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F ANEFWEBMQHRDLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POHPFVPVRKJHCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)alumane Chemical compound FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1[Al](C=1C(=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C=1F)F)C1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F POHPFVPVRKJHCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
- C08L9/06—Copolymers with styrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F210/00—Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F210/02—Ethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F212/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring
- C08F212/02—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
- C08F212/04—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical containing one ring
- C08F212/06—Hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F236/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F236/02—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F236/04—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated
- C08F236/06—Butadiene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F236/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F236/02—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F236/04—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated
- C08F236/08—Isoprene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F236/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F236/02—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F236/04—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated
- C08F236/10—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated with vinyl-aromatic monomers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L47/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L53/00—Compositions of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L53/02—Compositions of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers of vinyl-aromatic monomers and conjugated dienes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
- B60C1/0016—Compositions of the tread
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
- B60C1/0025—Compositions of the sidewalls
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2500/00—Characteristics or properties of obtained polyolefins; Use thereof
- C08F2500/01—High molecular weight, e.g. >800,000 Da.
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2800/00—Copolymer characterised by the proportions of the comonomers expressed
- C08F2800/10—Copolymer characterised by the proportions of the comonomers expressed as molar percentages
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a multi-component copolymer, a rubber composition, a crosslinked rubber composition, a rubber product, and a tire.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that a conjugated diene compound (part derived from a conjugated diene compound) has a cis-1,4 bond content of greater than 70.5 mol% and a non-conjugated olefin content of 10 mol% or more. Copolymers with conjugated olefins are disclosed, and it is disclosed that the copolymers can be used to produce rubbers with good crack growth resistance and weather resistance.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a multi-component copolymer used for producing a crosslinked rubber composition and a rubber product excellent in fracture characteristics (strength and elongation) at high temperatures while maintaining high weather resistance. It is. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a rubber composition containing the multi-component copolymer, a crosslinked rubber composition obtained by crosslinking the rubber composition, and a rubber product and a tire using the rubber composition or the crosslinked rubber composition. Is to provide.
- the inventors of the present invention contain a conjugated diene unit, a non-conjugated olefin unit, and an aromatic vinyl unit, the main chain consists of only an acyclic structure, and the entire multi-component copolymer of aromatic vinyl units. It has been found that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by using a multi-component copolymer having a specific range of content with respect to the multi-component copolymer of non-conjugated olefin units.
- the present invention relates to the following ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 13>.
- a multi-component copolymer containing a conjugated diene unit, a non-conjugated olefin unit, and an aromatic vinyl unit, wherein the main chain consists only of an acyclic structure, and the content of the aromatic vinyl unit is A multi-component copolymer characterized by being 3 mol% or more of the whole copolymer and having a content of non-conjugated olefin units exceeding 44 mol% and less than 97 mol% of the whole multi-component copolymer.
- ⁇ 2> The multi-component copolymer according to ⁇ 1>, wherein the content of the aromatic vinyl unit is 30 mol% or less of the entire multi-component copolymer.
- ⁇ 3> The multicomponent copolymer according to ⁇ 1> or ⁇ 2>, wherein the content of the conjugated diene unit is 1 mol% or more of the entire multicomponent copolymer.
- ⁇ 4> The multicomponent copolymer according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 3>, wherein the content of the conjugated diene unit is 40 mol% or less of the entire multicomponent copolymer.
- ⁇ 5> The multi-component copolymer according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 4>, wherein the non-conjugated olefin unit comprises only an ethylene unit.
- ⁇ 6> The multi-component copolymer according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 5>, wherein the aromatic vinyl unit includes a styrene unit.
- ⁇ 7> The multi-component copolymer according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 6>, wherein the conjugated diene unit includes at least one selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butadiene units and isoprene units. .
- ⁇ 8> The multi-component copolymer according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 7>, which is a ternary copolymer composed of only a 1,3-butadiene unit, an ethylene unit, and a styrene unit.
- ⁇ 9> The multi-component copolymer according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 8>, wherein a cis 1,4-bond content in the conjugated diene unit is 50% or more.
- ⁇ 10> A rubber composition comprising the multi-component copolymer according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 9>.
- ⁇ 11> A crosslinked rubber composition, wherein the rubber composition according to ⁇ 10> is crosslinked.
- ⁇ 12> A rubber product comprising the rubber composition according to ⁇ 10> or the crosslinked rubber composition according to ⁇ 11>.
- ⁇ 13> A tire using the rubber composition according to ⁇ 10> or the crosslinked rubber composition according to ⁇ 11>.
- a multi-component copolymer used for producing a crosslinked rubber composition and a rubber product excellent in fracture characteristics (strength and elongation) at a high temperature while maintaining high weather resistance can do.
- a rubber composition containing the multi-component copolymer, a crosslinked rubber composition obtained by crosslinking the rubber composition, and a rubber product using the rubber composition or the crosslinked rubber composition And tires can be provided.
- a to B indicating a numerical range represents a numerical range including A and B as end points, and “A or more and B or less” (when A ⁇ B), or “A "B or more” (when A> B).
- a mass part and mass% are synonymous with a weight part and weight%, respectively.
- the multi-component copolymer of the present invention contains a conjugated diene unit, a non-conjugated olefin unit, and an aromatic vinyl unit, the main chain consists only of an acyclic structure, and the content of the aromatic vinyl unit is the multi-component copolymer. It is 3 mol% or more of the whole polymer, and the content of non-conjugated olefin units is more than 44 mol% and less than 97 mol% of the whole multi-component copolymer.
- conjugated diene unit means a unit corresponding to a structural unit derived from a conjugated diene compound in a multi-component copolymer
- non-conjugated olefin unit means multi-component copolymer.
- coalescence means a unit corresponding to a structural unit derived from a non-conjugated olefin compound
- aromatic vinyl unit means a unit corresponding to a structural unit derived from an aromatic vinyl compound in a multi-component copolymer.
- conjugated diene compound means a conjugated diene compound
- non-conjugated olefin compound is an aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbon having one carbon-carbon double bond.
- aromatic vinyl compound means an aromatic compound substituted with at least a vinyl group, and is not included in the conjugated diene compound.
- main chain refers to a long chain portion connecting the terminal ends of each unit in the multi-component copolymer, and may be linear depending on the chain structure of the multi-component copolymer. It may be a branched chain.
- the “main chain” does not include a branched portion that is not bonded to an adjacent unit in each unit constituting the multi-component copolymer.
- the “multi-component copolymer” means a copolymer obtained by polymerizing three or more types of monomers.
- rubbers having excellent weather resistance include olefin rubbers (for example, EPM (ethylene-propylene rubber), EPDM (ethylene-propylene-nonconjugated diene rubber), SEBS (styrene-ethylene / butylene-styrene block multi-component copolymer)).
- olefin rubbers for example, EPM (ethylene-propylene rubber), EPDM (ethylene-propylene-nonconjugated diene rubber), SEBS (styrene-ethylene / butylene-styrene block multi-component copolymer)
- Hydrogenated SBR hydrogenated styrene-butadiene rubber
- the detailed mechanism for obtaining the above effect is unknown, but is estimated as follows.
- the molecular chain structure part consisting of non-conjugated olefin units and aromatic vinyl units can take high strength structures such as molecular chain orientation and stretched crystals even at high temperatures while maintaining high weather resistance. It is estimated that it has excellent characteristics.
- the content of the conjugated diene unit within the scope of the present invention, it is estimated that the reinforcing property in the filler compounding is expressed without lowering the weather resistance, and the high strength and elongation as rubber are expressed.
- the multi-component copolymer of the present invention contains a conjugated diene unit.
- the conjugated diene unit is a structural unit derived from a conjugated diene compound as a monomer. Since the multi-component copolymer of the present invention can be polymerized using a conjugated diene compound as a monomer, for example, a copolymer obtained by polymerization using a known non-conjugated diene compound such as EPDM is used. In comparison, it has excellent cross-linking properties and filler reinforcement.
- the multi-component copolymer of the present invention also has an advantage that the mechanical properties of a rubber composition and a rubber product produced using the copolymer can be further improved.
- the conjugated diene compound preferably has 4 to 8 carbon atoms. Specific examples of the conjugated diene compound include 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, 1,3-pentadiene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene and the like.
- the conjugated diene compound as a monomer of the multi-component copolymer of the present invention is from the viewpoint of effectively improving the high temperature fracture performance of rubber products such as rubber compositions and tires using the resulting multi-component copolymer.
- the conjugated diene unit in the multi-component copolymer of the present invention preferably contains at least one constituent unit selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butadiene units and isoprene units, And at least one constituent unit selected from the group consisting of isoprene units, more preferably only 1,3-butadiene units.
- the cis-1,4 bond content in the entire conjugated diene unit is preferably 50% or more.
- the cis-1,4 bond content in the entire conjugated diene unit is 50% or more, a high-strength structure such as molecular chain orientation or stretched crystals is likely to occur, so that the rubber composition using the resulting multi-component copolymer It is possible to effectively improve the breaking performance at high temperatures of rubber products such as tires and tires.
- the multicomponent copolymer of the present invention has a cis-1,4 bond content in the entire conjugated diene unit of more preferably 70% or more, further preferably 80% or more, and 90% The above is particularly preferable.
- such a multi-component copolymer having a high cis-1,4 bond content in the entire conjugated diene unit is obtained by using a conjugated diene compound, a non-conjugated olefin compound, and an aromatic vinyl compound as monomers. ,Obtainable.
- the content of vinyl bonds (1, 2, vinyl bonds, 3,4 vinyl bonds, etc.) in the whole conjugated diene unit is preferably 30% or less, more preferably 15% or less, and more preferably 10% or less. More preferably, it is particularly preferably 6% or less.
- the trans-1,4 bond content in the entire conjugated diene unit is preferably 30% or less, more preferably 15% or less, and still more preferably 10% or less.
- the contents of cis-1,4 bonds, trans-1,4 bonds, and vinyl bonds can be determined from the measurement results of 1 H-NMR and 13 C-NMR by an integration ratio.
- the said conjugated diene compound may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together. That is, the multi-component copolymer of the present invention may contain one conjugated diene unit alone or two or more.
- the content of the conjugated diene unit is preferably 1 mol% or more of the entire multi-component copolymer. It is more preferably 3 mol% or more, and further preferably 5 mol% or more. Further, the content of the conjugated diene unit is preferably 40 mol% or less, more preferably 30 mol% or less, still more preferably 20 mol% or less, based on the entire multi-component copolymer.
- the content of the conjugated diene unit is 1 mol% or more of the entire multi-component copolymer because a rubber composition and a rubber product excellent in elongation can be obtained. Moreover, it is excellent in a weather resistance as it is 40 mol% or less.
- the multi-component copolymer of the present invention contains non-conjugated olefin units.
- the non-conjugated olefin unit is a structural unit derived from a non-conjugated olefin compound as a monomer.
- the non-conjugated olefin compound preferably has 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
- Specific examples of non-conjugated olefin compounds include ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene, 1-octene and other ⁇ -olefins, vinyl pivalate, 1-phenylthioethene.
- the non-conjugated olefin compound as a monomer of the multi-component copolymer of the present invention further reduces the crystallinity of the resulting multi-component copolymer, and weather resistance of a rubber composition, a tire and the like using the multi-component copolymer From the viewpoint of further improving the viscosity, it is preferably an acyclic non-conjugated olefin compound, and the acyclic non-conjugated olefin compound is more preferably an ⁇ -olefin, which is an ⁇ -olefin containing ethylene.
- the non-conjugated olefin unit in the multi-component copolymer of the present invention is preferably an acyclic non-conjugated olefin unit, and the acyclic non-conjugated olefin unit is an ⁇ -olefin unit.
- an ⁇ -olefin unit containing an ethylene unit is further preferable, and an ethylene unit alone is particularly preferable.
- the said nonconjugated olefin compound may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together. That is, the multi-component copolymer of the present invention may contain one non-conjugated olefin unit alone or two or more. Content of a nonconjugated olefin unit exceeds 44 mol% of the whole multicomponent copolymer, and is less than 97 mol%. When the content of the non-conjugated olefin unit is 44 mol% or less of the whole multi-polymer, as a result, the content of the conjugated diene unit or the aromatic vinyl unit increases, the weather resistance decreases, or the fracture property at high temperature ( In particular, it is inferior to the breaking strength Tb).
- the content of the non-conjugated olefin unit is preferably 45 to 95 mol%, more preferably 55 to 90 mol%, still more preferably 65 to 85 mol%.
- the multi-component copolymer of the present invention contains an aromatic vinyl unit.
- the aromatic vinyl unit is a structural unit derived from an aromatic vinyl compound as a monomer.
- the aromatic vinyl compound preferably has a vinyl group directly bonded to an aromatic ring and has 8 to 10 carbon atoms.
- Specific examples of the aromatic vinyl compound include styrene, o-methylstyrene, m-methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, o, p-dimethylstyrene, o-ethylstyrene, m-ethylstyrene, p-ethylstyrene, and the like. Is mentioned.
- the aromatic vinyl compound as a monomer of the multi-component copolymer of the present invention further reduces the crystallinity of the resulting multi-component copolymer, such as a rubber composition and a tire using the multi-component copolymer.
- the aromatic vinyl unit in the multi-component copolymer of the present invention preferably contains a styrene unit, and more preferably consists of only a styrene unit.
- the aromatic ring in the aromatic vinyl unit is not included in the main chain of the copolymer unless it is bonded to an adjacent unit.
- the said aromatic vinyl compound may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together. That is, the multi-component copolymer of the present invention may contain one aromatic vinyl unit alone or two or more. Content of an aromatic vinyl unit is 3 mol% or more of the whole multi-component copolymer. If the content of the aromatic vinyl unit is less than 3 mol%, the fracture characteristics at high temperatures are poor. The content of the aromatic vinyl unit is preferably 3 to 30 mol%, more preferably 5 to 25 mol%, and still more preferably 10 to 20 mol% of the entire multi-component copolymer.
- the number of types of monomers of the multi-component copolymer of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the multi-component copolymer contains a conjugated diene unit, a non-conjugated olefin unit, and an aromatic vinyl unit.
- the multi-component copolymer of the present invention may have other structural units other than the conjugated diene unit, the non-conjugated olefin unit, and the aromatic vinyl unit.
- the content of other structural units is preferably 30 mol% or less, more preferably 20 mol% or less, and more preferably 10 mol% or less, based on the whole multi-component copolymer, from the viewpoint of obtaining a desired effect.
- the multi-component copolymer of the present invention is a multi-component copolymer containing at least one kind of conjugated diene unit, one kind of non-conjugated olefin unit, and one kind of aromatic vinyl unit.
- the multi-component copolymer of the present invention includes, as a monomer, one kind of conjugated diene compound, one kind of non-conjugated olefin compound, and one kind of aromatic.
- a polymer obtained by polymerization using at least an aromatic vinyl compound is preferred.
- the multi-component copolymer of the present invention is more preferably a terpolymer comprising only one kind of conjugated diene unit, one kind of non-conjugated olefin unit, and one kind of aromatic vinyl unit.
- a terpolymer comprising only a butadiene unit, an ethylene unit, and a styrene unit is more preferable.
- a kind of conjugated diene unit includes conjugated diene units of different bonding modes.
- the multi-component copolymer of the present invention contains a conjugated diene unit, a non-conjugated olefin unit, and an aromatic vinyl unit, and has a major feature that the main chain consists only of an acyclic structure.
- the main chain has a cyclic structure, the fracture characteristics (particularly the fracture elongation) at high temperatures are lowered.
- NMR is used as a main measuring means for confirming whether or not the main chain of the multi-component copolymer has a cyclic structure.
- the main chain of the multi-component copolymer is It shows that it consists only of an acyclic structure.
- the multi-component copolymer of the present invention can be synthesized in one reaction vessel, that is, one-pot synthesis, as described in the production method below, and can be produced by a simplified process.
- the multi-component copolymer of the present invention preferably has a polystyrene equivalent weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 10,000 to 10,000,000, more preferably 100,000 to 9,000,000, and 150 More preferably, it is 8,000 to 8,000,000.
- Mw polystyrene equivalent weight average molecular weight
- the above-mentioned weight average molecular weight and molecular weight distribution are determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using polystyrene as a standard substance.
- the chain structure of the multi-component copolymer of the present invention is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected according to the purpose.
- A is a conjugated diene unit
- B is a non-conjugated olefin unit
- C is an aromatic vinyl unit.
- a block copolymer having a configuration such as A x -B y -C z (x, y, z is an integer of 1 or more) or the like, and A, B, C are arranged at random. Random copolymer, taper copolymer in which random copolymer and block copolymer are mixed, (ABC) w (w is an integer of 1 or more), etc. It can be a copolymer.
- the multi-component copolymer of the present invention may have a structure in which conjugated diene units, non-conjugated olefin units, and aromatic vinyl units are linearly linked (linear structure), or conjugated diene units, non-conjugated olefins.
- a structure (branched structure) in which at least one of the unit and the aromatic vinyl unit forms a branched chain and is chained may be used.
- the branched chain may be binary or multi-component (that is, the branched chain is a conjugated diene unit, a non-conjugated olefin unit, and an aromatic vinyl.
- a multi-component copolymer having a branched structure having a binary or multi-component branched chain is conventionally formed of one type of unit in which a main chain and a side chain are different. It can be clearly distinguished from the type of graft copolymer.
- An example of the method for producing a multi-component copolymer of the present invention is based on the premise that a conjugated diene compound, a non-conjugated olefin compound, and an aromatic vinyl compound are used as monomers, and includes at least a polymerization step. Furthermore, a coupling step, a cleaning step, and other steps can be appropriately included as necessary.
- the conjugated diene compound is more reactive than the non-conjugated olefin compound and the aromatic vinyl compound, so that the non-conjugated olefin compound and the aromatic compound are present in the presence of the conjugated diene compound. It is difficult to polymerize at least one selected from the group consisting of group vinyl compounds. In addition, it is easy to polymerize the conjugated diene compound first, and then additionally polymerize the non-conjugated olefin compound and the aromatic vinyl compound later due to the characteristics of the catalyst.
- any method such as a solution polymerization method, a suspension polymerization method, a liquid phase bulk polymerization method, an emulsion polymerization method, a gas phase polymerization method, and a solid phase polymerization method can be used.
- a solvent is not particularly limited as long as it is inert in the polymerization reaction, and examples thereof include toluene, cyclohexane, and normal hexane.
- the polymerization process may be performed in one stage, or may be performed in two or more stages.
- the one-step polymerization process means all kinds of monomers to be polymerized, that is, conjugated diene compounds, non-conjugated olefin compounds, aromatic vinyl compounds, and other monomers, preferably conjugated diene compounds, non-conjugated.
- the olefin compound and the aromatic vinyl compound are polymerized by reacting simultaneously.
- the multi-stage polymerization process means that a polymer is formed by first reacting part or all of one or two kinds of monomers (first polymerization stage), and then the remaining kinds of monomers and the above-mentioned monomers This is a step of polymerizing by performing one or more stages (second polymerization stage to final polymerization stage) in which the remainder of one or two kinds of monomers is added and polymerized.
- the polymerization reaction is preferably performed in an atmosphere of an inert gas, preferably nitrogen gas or argon gas.
- the polymerization temperature of the polymerization reaction is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of ⁇ 100 ° C. to 200 ° C., for example, and can be about room temperature. If the polymerization temperature is raised, the selectivity of the cis-1,4 bond in the polymerization reaction may be lowered.
- the pressure for the polymerization reaction is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 10.0 MPa in order to sufficiently incorporate the conjugated diene compound into the polymerization reaction system.
- the reaction time of the above polymerization reaction is not particularly limited and is preferably in the range of, for example, 1 second to 10 days, but can be appropriately selected depending on conditions such as the type of catalyst and polymerization temperature.
- the polymerization may be stopped using a polymerization terminator such as methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol.
- the polymerization step of the non-conjugated olefin compound, the aromatic vinyl compound, and the conjugated diene compound includes the following first polymerization catalyst composition, second polymerization catalyst composition, third polymerization catalyst composition, Alternatively, it is preferable to include a step of polymerizing various monomers in the presence of the fourth polymerization catalyst composition.
- the polymerization process is preferably performed in multiple stages. More preferably, a first step of obtaining a polymerization mixture by mixing a first monomer raw material containing at least an aromatic vinyl compound and a polymerization catalyst, and a conjugated diene compound, a non-conjugated olefin compound, and Preferably having a second step of introducing a second monomer raw material containing at least one selected from the group consisting of aromatic vinyl compounds, the first monomer raw material does not contain a conjugated diene compound, More preferably, the second monomer raw material contains a conjugated diene compound. Further, at least one of the first monomer raw material and the second monomer raw material contains a non-conjugated olefin compound.
- the first step is preferably performed in an atmosphere of an inert gas, preferably nitrogen gas or argon gas, in the reactor.
- the temperature (reaction temperature) in the first step is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of ⁇ 100 to 200 ° C., for example, and may be about room temperature.
- the pressure in the first step is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 10.0 MPa in order to sufficiently incorporate the aromatic vinyl compound into the polymerization reaction system.
- the time spent in the first step may be appropriately selected depending on conditions such as the type of polymerization catalyst and reaction temperature. When the reaction temperature is 25 to 80 ° C., the reaction time is 5 to 500 minutes. It is preferable.
- any method such as a solution polymerization method, a suspension polymerization method, a liquid phase bulk polymerization method, an emulsion polymerization method, a gas phase polymerization method, a solid phase polymerization method, and the like can be used.
- a solvent is not particularly limited as long as it is inert in the polymerization, and examples thereof include toluene, cyclohexanone, normal hexane and the like.
- a non-conjugated diene compound may be used together with the aromatic vinyl compound. Moreover, the whole quantity of an aromatic vinyl compound may be used, and only a part may be used.
- a second monomer material containing at least one selected from the group consisting of a conjugated diene compound, a conjugated olefin compound, and an aromatic vinyl compound is introduced into the polymerization mixture obtained in the first step. It is a process to do.
- the second monomer raw material preferably contains a conjugated diene compound. That is, the monomer raw material contained in the second monomer raw material is conjugated diene compound only, conjugated diene compound and non-conjugated olefin compound, conjugated diene compound and aromatic vinyl compound, or conjugated diene compound, non-conjugated olefin compound, And an aromatic compound.
- the second monomer raw material used in the second step contains at least one selected from the group consisting of a non-conjugated olefin compound and an aromatic vinyl compound in addition to the conjugated diene compound, these single quantities
- the body material may be introduced into the polymerization mixture, or each monomer material may be introduced from a single state.
- Each monomer raw material may be added simultaneously or sequentially.
- the method for introducing the second monomer raw material into the polymerization mixture is not particularly limited, but the flow rate of each monomer raw material is controlled and continuously added to the polymerization mixture. (So-called metering) is preferred.
- the polymerization reaction system is used at a predetermined pressure. Can be introduced.
- the second step is preferably performed in an atmosphere of an inert gas, preferably nitrogen gas or argon gas, in the reactor.
- the temperature (reaction temperature) in the second step is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of ⁇ 100 to 200 ° C., for example, and may be about room temperature. Note that when the reaction temperature is increased, the selectivity of cis-1,4 bond in the conjugated diene unit may be lowered.
- the pressure in the second step is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 10.0 MPa so that at least the conjugated diene compound is sufficiently taken into the polymerization reaction system.
- reaction time is not particularly limited and is preferably in the range of 0.1 hour to 10 days, but may be appropriately selected depending on conditions such as the type of polymerization catalyst and reaction temperature.
- the polymerization may be stopped using a polymerization terminator such as methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol.
- the 1st polymerization catalyst composition, the 2nd polymerization catalyst composition, the 3rd polymerization catalyst composition, and the 4th polymerization catalyst composition used suitably at a polymerization process are explained below.
- -First polymerization catalyst composition The first polymerization catalyst composition (hereinafter also referred to as “first polymerization catalyst composition”) will be described.
- (A1) component a rare earth element compound or a reaction product of the rare earth element compound and a Lewis base, the rare earth element compound or the reaction product having no bond between the rare earth element and carbon
- Component (B1) Contains ionic compound (B1-1) composed of non-coordinating anion and cation, aluminoxane (B1-2), Lewis acid, complex compound of metal halide and Lewis base, and active halogen
- a polymerization catalyst composition comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of at least one halogen compound (B1-3) among organic compounds.
- the polymerization catalyst composition contains at least one selected from the group consisting of the ionic compound (B1-1) and the halogen compound (B1-3)
- the polymerization catalyst composition further comprises: (C1) Component: Formula (I) below: YR 1 a R 2 b R 3 c (I) (In the formula, Y is a metal selected from Group 1, Group 2, Group 12 and Group 13 of the Periodic Table, and R 1 and R 2 are monovalent hydrocarbons having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- R 3 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R 1 , R 2 and R 3 may be the same or different from each other, and Y is a periodic rule When it is a metal selected from group 1 of the table, a is 1 and b and c are 0, and when Y is a metal selected from groups 2 and 12 of the periodic table , A and b are 1 and c is 0, and a, b and c are 1 when Y is a metal selected from Group 13 of the Periodic Table) including.
- the polymerization catalyst composition contains the aluminoxane (B1-2), the polymerization catalyst composition can contain the component (C1).
- the first polymerization catalyst composition may contain other components, such as a promoter, contained in a normal rare earth element compound-based polymerization catalyst composition.
- the concentration of the component (A1) contained in the first polymerization catalyst composition is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 0.0001 mol / l.
- the polymerization catalyst composition preferably contains an additive (D1) that can be an anionic ligand.
- the component (A1) used in the first polymerization catalyst composition is a rare earth element compound or a reaction product of the rare earth element compound and a Lewis base.
- the reaction of the rare earth element compound and the rare earth element compound with the Lewis base does not have a bond between rare earth element and carbon.
- the rare earth element compound and the reactant do not have a rare earth element-carbon bond, the compound is stable and easy to handle.
- the rare earth element compound is a compound containing a rare earth element (M), that is, a lanthanoid element composed of elements having atomic numbers 57 to 71 in the periodic table, or scandium or yttrium.
- the lanthanoid element examples include lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, and lutetium.
- the said (A1) component may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- the rare earth element compound is preferably a divalent or trivalent salt or complex compound of the rare earth metal, and one or more coordinations selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom and an organic compound residue.
- a rare earth element compound containing a child is more preferable.
- reaction product of the rare earth element compound or the rare earth element compound and a Lewis base is represented by the following formula (II) or formula (III): M 11 X 11 2 ⁇ L 11 w (II) M 11 X 11 3 ⁇ L 11 w (III)
- M 11 represents a lanthanoid element, scandium or yttrium
- X 11 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkoxy group, a thiolate group, an amino group, a silyl group, an aldehyde residue
- L 11 represents a Lewis base
- w represents 0 to 3.
- a group (ligand) bonded to the rare earth element of the rare earth element compound a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkoxy group (a group in which an alcohol hydroxyl group is removed, and forms a metal alkoxide), a thiolate group ( This is a group obtained by removing hydrogen from a thiol group of a thiol compound, and forms a metal thiolate.), Amino group (excluding one hydrogen atom bonded to the nitrogen atom of ammonia, primary amine, or secondary amine) Group, which forms a metal amide.), Silyl group, aldehyde residue, ketone residue, carboxylic acid residue, thiocarboxylic acid residue or phosphorus compound residue.
- hydrogen atom aliphatic alkoxy group such as methoxy group, ethoxy group, propoxy group, n-butoxy group, isobutoxy group, sec-butoxy group, tert-butoxy group; phenoxy group, 2,6-di- tert-butylphenoxy group, 2,6-diisopropylphenoxy group, 2,6-dineopentylphenoxy group, 2-tert-butyl-6-isopropylphenoxy group, 2-tert-butyl-6-neopentylphenoxy group, 2 -Aromatic alkoxy groups such as isopropyl-6-neopentylphenoxy group; thiomethoxy group, thioethoxy group, thiopropoxy group, thio n-butoxy group, thioisobutoxy group, thiosec-butoxy group, thio tert-butoxy group, etc.
- aliphatic alkoxy group such as methoxy group, ethoxy
- Aliphatic thiolate group thiophenoxy group, 2,6-di-tert-butyl Ofenoxy group, 2,6-diisopropylthiophenoxy group, 2,6-dineopentylthiophenoxy group, 2-tert-butyl-6-isopropylthiophenoxy group, 2-tert-butyl-6-neopentylthiophenoxy group, Arylthiolate groups such as 2-isopropyl-6-neopentylthiophenoxy group and 2,4,6-triisopropylthiophenoxy group; aliphatic amino groups such as dimethylamino group, diethylamino group and diisopropylamino group; phenylamino group; 2,6-di-tert-butylphenylamino group, 2,6-diisopropylphenylamino group, 2,6-dineopentylphenylamino group, 2-tert-butyl-6-isopropy
- aldehyde residues such as salicylaldehyde, 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde, 2-hydroxy-3-naphthaldehyde; 2′-hydroxyacetophenone, 2′-hydroxybutyrophenone, 2′-hydroxypropiophenone, etc.
- diketone residues isovaleric acid, caprylic acid, octanoic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, Stearic acid, isostearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, cyclopentanecarboxylic acid, naphthenic acid, ethylhexanoic acid, pivalic acid, versatic acid [trade names made by Shell Chemical Co., Ltd., a mixture of isomers of C10 monocarboxylic acid Synthetic acids composed of: residues of carboxylic acids such as phenylacetic acid, benzoic acid, 2-naphthoic acid, maleic acid, succinic acid; hexanethioic acid, 2,2-dimethylbutanethioic acid, decanethioic acid, thiobenzoic acid Thiocarboxylic acid residues such as: dibutyl phosphate, dipentyl phosphate, dihexyl phosphate
- examples of the Lewis base that reacts with the rare earth element compound include tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, dimethylaniline, trimethylphosphine, lithium chloride, neutral olefins, Diolefins and the like.
- the rare earth element compound reacts with a plurality of Lewis bases (in the formulas (II) and (III), when w is 2 or 3), the Lewis base L 11 is the same or different. It may be.
- the rare earth element compound preferably contains a compound represented by the following formula (IV).
- M- (NQ 1 ) (NQ 2 ) (NQ 3 ) (IV) (Wherein, M is at least one selected lanthanoid element, scandium, yttrium, NQ 1, NQ 2 and NQ 3 is an amino group, which may be the same or different and where, M- N bond) That is, the compound represented by the above formula (IV) has three MN bonds. Having three MN bonds has the advantage that the structure is stable because each bond is chemically equivalent and therefore easy to handle.
- the amino group represented by NQ is an aliphatic amino group such as a dimethylamino group, a diethylamino group, or a diisopropylamino group; a phenylamino group, 2,6 -Di-tert-butylphenylamino group, 2,6-diisopropylphenylamino group, 2,6-dineopentylphenylamino group, 2-tert-butyl-6-isopropylphenylamino group, 2-tert-butyl-6 -Arylamino groups such as neopentylphenylamino group, 2-isopropyl-6-neopentylphenylamino group, 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenylamino group; bistrialkylsilylamino groups such as bistrimethylsilylamino group However, bistrimethyl
- the component (B1) used in the first polymerization catalyst composition is at least one selected from the group consisting of an ionic compound (B1-1), an aluminoxane (B1-2), and a halogen compound (B1-3).
- the total content of the component (B1) in the first polymerization catalyst composition is preferably 0.1 to 50 times mol of the component (A1).
- the ionic compound (B1-1) comprises a non-coordinating anion and a cation, and reacts with a reaction product of the rare earth element compound or the Lewis base as the component (A1) to form a cationic transition metal compound.
- Examples include ionic compounds that can be generated.
- non-coordinating anion for example, tetraphenyl borate, tetrakis (monofluorophenyl) borate, tetrakis (difluorophenyl) borate, tetrakis (trifluorophenyl) borate, tetrakis (tetrafluorophenyl) borate, tetrakis ( Pentafluorophenyl) borate, tetrakis (tetrafluoromethylphenyl) borate, tetra (tolyl) borate, tetra (xylyl) borate, (triphenyl, pentafluorophenyl) borate, [tris (pentafluorophenyl), phenyl] borate, tri Decahydride-7,8-dicarbaound decaborate and the like.
- examples of the cation include a carbonium cation, an oxonium cation, an ammonium cation, a phosphonium cation, a cycloheptatrienyl cation, and a ferrocenium cation having a transition metal.
- Specific examples of the carbonium cation include trisubstituted carbonium cations such as triphenylcarbonium cation and tri (substituted phenyl) carbonium cation, and more specifically, as tri (substituted phenyl) carbonyl cation, Examples include tri (methylphenyl) carbonium cation, tri (dimethylphenyl) carbonium cation, and the like.
- ammonium cations include trialkylammonium cations such as trimethylammonium cation, triethylammonium cation, tripropylammonium cation, and tributylammonium cation (eg, tri (n-butyl) ammonium cation); N, N-dimethylanilinium N, N-dialkylanilinium cation such as cation, N, N-diethylanilinium cation, N, N, 2,4,6-pentamethylanilinium cation; dialkylammonium cation such as diisopropylammonium cation and dicyclohexylammonium cation Is mentioned.
- trialkylammonium cations such as trimethylammonium cation, triethylammonium cation, tripropylammonium cation, and tributylammonium cation (eg, tri (n-butyl)
- the phosphonium cation include triarylphosphonium cations such as triphenylphosphonium cation, tri (methylphenyl) phosphonium cation, and tri (dimethylphenyl) phosphonium cation.
- the ionic compound is preferably a compound selected and combined from the above-mentioned non-coordinating anions and cations, specifically, N, N-dimethylanilinium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, triphenylcarbohydrate. Preferred is nitrotetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate.
- these ionic compounds can be used individually by 1 type, or 2 or more types can be mixed and used for them.
- the content of the ionic compound (B1-1) in the first polymerization catalyst composition is preferably 0.1 to 10 times mol and about 1 time mol to the component (A1). Is more preferable.
- the aluminoxane (B1-2) is a compound obtained by bringing an organoaluminum compound into contact with a condensing agent.
- Aluminoxane or cyclic aluminoxane (wherein R ′ is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and some hydrocarbon groups are substituted with at least one selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms and alkoxy groups)
- the degree of polymerization of the repeating unit is preferably 5 or more, and more preferably 10 or more.
- R ′ examples include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, and an isobutyl group, and among these, a methyl group is preferable.
- organoaluminum compound used as the raw material for the aluminoxane include trialkylaluminums such as trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminum, tributylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum, and mixtures thereof, and trimethylaluminum is particularly preferable.
- an aluminoxane using a mixture of trimethylaluminum and tributylaluminum as a raw material can be preferably used.
- the content of the aluminoxane (B1-2) in the first polymerization catalyst composition is such that the element ratio Al / M of the aluminum element Al of the aluminoxane to the rare earth element M constituting the component (A1) is 10 to 1, It is preferable to be about 000.
- the halogen compound (B1-3) is composed of at least one of a Lewis acid, a complex compound of a metal halide and a Lewis base, and an organic compound containing an active halogen.
- a Lewis acid a complex compound of a metal halide and a Lewis base
- an organic compound containing an active halogen for example, the rare earth element compound as the component (A1) or By reacting with the reaction product with the Lewis base, a cationic transition metal compound, a halogenated transition metal compound, or a compound having a transition metal center with insufficient charge can be generated.
- the total content of the halogen compound (B1-3) in the first polymerization catalyst composition is preferably 1 to 5 times mol with respect to the component (A1).
- boron-containing halogen compounds such as B (C 6 F 5 ) 3 and aluminum-containing halogen compounds such as Al (C 6 F 5 ) 3 can be used.
- a halogen compound containing an element belonging to Group 4, Group 5, Group 6, or Group 8 can also be used.
- aluminum halide or organometallic halide is used.
- chlorine or bromine is preferable.
- the Lewis acid examples include methyl aluminum dibromide, methyl aluminum dichloride, ethyl aluminum dibromide, ethyl aluminum dichloride, butyl aluminum dibromide, butyl aluminum dichloride, dimethyl aluminum bromide, dimethyl aluminum chloride, diethyl aluminum bromide, diethyl Aluminum chloride, dibutylaluminum bromide, dibutylaluminum chloride, methylaluminum sesquibromide, methylaluminum sesquichloride, ethylaluminum sesquibromide, ethylaluminum sesquichloride, dibutyltin dichloride, aluminum tribromide, antimony trichloride, antimony pentachloride, phosphorus trichloride , Pentachloride , Tin tetrachloride, titanium tetrachloride, tungsten hexachloride, etc., among which diethylaluminum chloride,
- the metal halide constituting the complex compound of the above metal halide and Lewis base includes beryllium chloride, beryllium bromide, beryllium iodide, magnesium chloride, magnesium bromide, magnesium iodide, calcium chloride, calcium bromide, iodine.
- a phosphorus compound, a carbonyl compound, a nitrogen compound, an ether compound, an alcohol, and the like are preferable.
- the Lewis base is preferably reacted at a ratio of 0.01 to 30 mol, more preferably 0.5 to 10 mol, with respect to 1 mol of the metal halide.
- the reaction product with the Lewis base is used, the metal remaining in the polymer can be reduced.
- organic compound containing the active halogen examples include benzyl chloride.
- the component (C1) used in the first polymerization catalyst composition is represented by the following formula (I): YR 1 a R 2 b R 3 c (I) (In the formula, Y is a metal selected from Group 1, Group 2, Group 12 and Group 13 of the Periodic Table, and R 1 and R 2 are monovalent hydrocarbons having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- R 3 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 may be the same or different from each other
- Y is a periodic rule When it is a metal selected from group 1 of the table, a is 1 and b and c are 0, and when Y is a metal selected from groups 2 and 12 of the periodic table , A and b are 1 and c is 0, and a, b and c are 1 when Y is a metal selected from Group 13 of the Periodic Table)
- V AlR 1 R 2 R 3 (V) (In the formula, R 1 and R 2 are monovalent hydrocarbon groups or hydrogen atoms having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R 3 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and R 1 , R 2 and R 3 may be the same or different from each other).
- organoaluminum compound represented by the formula (V) examples include trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminum, tri-n-propylaluminum, triisopropylaluminum, tri-n-butylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum, tri-t-butylaluminum, tri Pentyl aluminum, trihexyl aluminum, tricyclohexyl aluminum, trioctyl aluminum; diethyl aluminum hydride, di-n-propyl aluminum hydride, di-n-butyl aluminum hydride, diisobutyl aluminum hydride, dihexyl aluminum hydride, hydrogenated Diisohexyl aluminum, dioctyl aluminum hydride, diisooctyl aluminum hydride; ethyl aluminum dihydride, n-propyl al Bromide dihydride, include isobutyl aluminum dihydride and the like, among these, triethylaluminum,
- the organoaluminum compound as the component (C1) described above can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the organoaluminum compound in the first polymerization catalyst composition is preferably 1 to 50 times mol, more preferably about 10 times mol with respect to the component (A1).
- Addition of the additive (D1) that can be an anionic ligand is preferable because it produces an effect that a multi-component copolymer having a higher cis-1,4 bond content can be synthesized in a high yield.
- the additive (D1) is not particularly limited as long as it can exchange with the amino group of the component (A1), but preferably has any of OH, NH, and SH groups.
- compounds having an OH group include aliphatic alcohols and aromatic alcohols. Specifically, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, dibutylhydroxytoluene, alkylated phenol, 4,4′-thiobis (6-t-butyl-3-methylphenol), 4,4′-butylidenebis (6-t- Butyl-3-methylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis (4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis (4-ethyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 2,6-di- t-butyl-4-ethylphenol, 1,1,3-tris (2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-t-butylphenyl) butane, n-octadecyl-3- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di -T-butylphenyl) propionate, tetrakis [methylene-3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate,
- Examples of those having an NH group include primary amines or secondary amines such as alkylamines and arylamines. Specific examples include dimethylamine, diethylamine, pyrrole, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, dicyclohexylamine, N, N′-dibenzylethylenediamine, bis (2-diphenylphosphinophenyl) amine and the like.
- Examples of those having an SH group include aliphatic thiols, aromatic thiols and the like, as well as compounds represented by the following formulas (VI) and (VII).
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are each independently —O—C j H 2j + 1 , — (O—C k H 2k —) a —O—C m H 2m + 1 or —C n H 2n + 1 J
- m and n are each independently an integer of 0 to 12
- k and a are each independently an integer of 1 to 12
- R 4 is a carbon number of 1 to 12, Chain, branched, or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, alkylene group, cycloalkylene group, cycloalkylalkylene group, cycloalkenylalkylene group, alkenylene group, cycloalkenylene group, cycloalkylalkenylene group, cycloalkenylalkenylene group, arylene group Or an aralkylene group.
- Specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (VI) include 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropy
- W is —NR 8 —, —O— or —CR 9 R 10 —
- R 8 and R 9 are —C p H 2p + 1
- R 10 is —C q H 2q + 1
- p and q are each independently an integer of 0 to 20
- R 5 and R 6 are each independently —M—C r H 2r — (where M is —O— or — CH 2 - and is, r is represented by an integer of 1 ⁇ 20)
- R 7 is -O-C j H 2j + 1 , -.
- an anionic tridentate ligand precursor represented by the following formula (VIII) can be preferably used.
- E 1 -T 1 -XT 2 -E 2 (VIII) (X represents an anionic electron-donating group containing a coordination atom selected from Group 15 atoms of the Periodic Table; E 1 and E 2 are each independently Group 15 and 16 atoms of the Periodic Table; A neutral electron-donating group containing a coordination atom selected from T 1 and T 2 represents a cross-linking group that cross-links X and E 1 and E 2 , respectively)
- the additive (D1) is preferably added in an amount of 0.01 to 10 mol, more preferably 0.1 to 1.2 mol, relative to 1 mol of the rare earth element compound.
- the amount added is preferably equivalent to the rare earth element compound (1.0 mol), but an excessive amount may be added.
- An addition amount of 1.2 mol or less is preferable because there is little loss of reagent.
- the neutral electron donating groups E 1 and E 2 are groups containing a coordinating atom selected from Groups 15 and 16 of the periodic table.
- E 1 and E 2 may be the same group or different groups.
- the coordinating atom include nitrogen N, phosphorus P, oxygen O, sulfur S and the like, preferably P.
- diarylphosphino groups such as diphenylphosphino group or ditolyl phosphino group
- a dialkylphosphino group such as a dimethylphosphino group or a diethylphosphino group
- an alkylarylphosphino group such as a methylphenylphosphino group is exemplified, and a diarylphosphino group is preferred.
- the neutral electron donating group E 1 or E 2 is a dialkyl such as a dimethylamino group, a diethylamino group or a bis (trimethylsilyl) amino group.
- examples include amino groups and bis (trialkylsilyl) amino groups; diarylamino groups such as diphenylamino groups; alkylarylamino groups such as methylphenylamino groups.
- the neutral electron donating group E 1 or E 2 is an alkoxy group such as a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, or a butoxy group; Examples thereof include aryloxy groups such as phenoxy group and 2,6-dimethylphenoxy group.
- the neutral electron donating group E 1 or E 2 is an alkylthio group such as a methylthio group, an ethylthio group, a propylthio group, or a butylthio group; Examples thereof include arylthio groups such as phenylthio group and tolylthio group.
- the anionic electron donating group X is a group containing a coordination atom selected from Group 15 of the periodic table.
- the coordination atom is preferably phosphorus P or nitrogen N, more preferably N.
- the bridging groups T 1 and T 2 may be any group that can cross-link X, E 1, and E 2 , and examples thereof include an arylene group that may have a substituent on the aryl ring.
- T 1 and T 2 may be the same group or different groups.
- the arylene group include a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a pyridylene group, and a thienylene group, and a phenylene group and a naphthylene group are preferable. Any group may be substituted on the aryl ring of the arylene group.
- substituents examples include alkyl groups such as methyl group and ethyl group; aryl groups such as phenyl group and tolyl group; halogen groups such as fluoro, chloro and bromo; silyl groups such as trimethylsilyl group. More preferred examples of the arylene group include a 1,2-phenylene group.
- the second polymerization catalyst composition (hereinafter also referred to as “second polymerization catalyst composition”) will be described.
- the second polymerization catalyst composition the following formula (IX):
- M represents a lanthanoid element, scandium or yttrium
- Cp R each independently represents an unsubstituted or substituted indenyl group
- R a to R f each independently represents an alkyl having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- L represents a neutral Lewis base
- w represents an integer of 0 to 3
- M represents a lanthanoid element, scandium or yttrium
- Cp R each independently represents an unsubstituted or substituted indenyl group
- X ′ represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkoxy group, a thiolate group, an amino group.
- L represents a neutral Lewis base
- w represents an integer of 0 to 3
- M represents a lanthanoid element, scandium or yttrium
- Cp R ′ represents unsubstituted or substituted cyclopentadienyl, indenyl or fluorenyl
- X represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkoxy group or a thiolate group.
- L represents a neutral Lewis base
- w represents an integer of 0 to 3
- [B] ⁇ represents non- And a polymerization catalyst composition containing at least one complex selected from the group consisting of a half metallocene cation complex represented by the following formula:
- the second polymerization catalyst composition may further contain other components contained in the polymerization catalyst composition containing a normal metallocene complex, such as a promoter.
- the metallocene complex is a complex compound in which one or two or more cyclopentadienyls or derivatives thereof are bonded to a central metal, in particular, one cyclopentadienyl or a derivative thereof bonded to the central metal.
- a certain metallocene complex may be called a half metallocene complex.
- the concentration of the complex contained in the second polymerization catalyst composition is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 0.0001 mol / L.
- Cp R in the formula is unsubstituted indenyl or substituted indenyl.
- Cp R having an indenyl ring as a basic skeleton can be represented by C 9 H 7-x R x or C 9 H 11-x R x .
- X is an integer of 0 to 7 or 0 to 11.
- each R is preferably independently a hydrocarbyl group or a metalloid group.
- the hydrocarbyl group preferably has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and still more preferably 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- hydrocarbyl group examples include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a phenyl group, and a benzyl group.
- metalloid group metalloids include germyl Ge, stannyl Sn, and silyl Si, and the metalloid group preferably has a hydrocarbyl group, and the hydrocarbyl group that the metalloid group has is the same as the above hydrocarbyl group. is there.
- Specific examples of the metalloid group include a trimethylsilyl group.
- substituted indenyl examples include 2-phenylindenyl, 2-methylindenyl and the like. Incidentally, the two Cp R in the formula (IX) and (X) may each be the same or different from each other.
- Cp R ′ in the formula is unsubstituted or substituted cyclopentadienyl, indenyl or fluorenyl, and among these, unsubstituted or substituted indenyl.
- Cp R ' having a basic skeleton a cyclopentadienyl ring, represented by C 5 H 5-x R x .
- X is an integer of 0 to 5.
- each R is preferably independently a hydrocarbyl group or a metalloid group.
- the hydrocarbyl group preferably has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and still more preferably 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- Specific examples of the hydrocarbyl group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a phenyl group, and a benzyl group.
- examples of metalloid group metalloids include germyl Ge, stannyl Sn, and silyl Si, and the metalloid group preferably has a hydrocarbyl group, and the hydrocarbyl group that the metalloid group has is the same as the above hydrocarbyl group. is there.
- Specific examples of the metalloid group include a trimethylsilyl group.
- Specific examples of Cp R ′ having a cyclopentadienyl ring as a basic skeleton include the following.
- R represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group.
- Cp R ′ having the above indenyl ring as a basic skeleton is defined in the same manner as Cp R in the formula (IX), and preferred examples thereof are also the same.
- Cp R ′ having the fluorenyl ring as a basic skeleton can be represented by C 13 H 9-x R x or C 13 H 17-x R x .
- X is an integer of 0 to 9 or 0 to 17.
- each R is preferably independently a hydrocarbyl group or a metalloid group.
- the hydrocarbyl group preferably has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and still more preferably 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- Specific examples of the hydrocarbyl group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a phenyl group, and a benzyl group.
- metalloid group metalloids include germyl Ge, stannyl Sn, and silyl Si, and the metalloid group preferably has a hydrocarbyl group, and the hydrocarbyl group that the metalloid group has is the same as the above hydrocarbyl group. is there.
- Specific examples of the metalloid group include a trimethylsilyl group.
- the central metal M in the formulas (IX), (X) and (XI) is a lanthanoid element, scandium or yttrium.
- the lanthanoid elements include 15 elements having atomic numbers of 57 to 71, and any of these may be used.
- Preferred examples of the central metal M include samarium Sm, neodymium Nd, praseodymium Pr, gadolinium Gd, cerium Ce, holmium Ho, scandium Sc, and yttrium Y.
- the metallocene complex represented by the formula (IX) includes a silylamide ligand [—N (SiR 3 ) 2 ].
- the R groups (R a to R f in formula (IX)) contained in the silylamide ligand are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a hydrogen atom.
- At least one of R a to R c is a hydrogen atom and at least one of R d to R f is a hydrogen atom. Furthermore, a methyl group is preferable as the alkyl group.
- the metallocene complex represented by the formula (X) contains a silyl ligand [—SiX ′ 3 ].
- X ′ contained in the silyl ligand [—SiX ′ 3 ] is a group defined in the same manner as X in the formula (XI) described below, and preferred groups are also the same.
- X is a group selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkoxy group, a thiolate group, an amino group, a silyl group, and a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the alkoxy group includes aliphatic alkoxy groups such as methoxy group, ethoxy group, propoxy group, n-butoxy group, isobutoxy group, sec-butoxy group, tert-butoxy group; phenoxy group, 2,6-dioxy -Tert-butylphenoxy group, 2,6-diisopropylphenoxy group, 2,6-dineopentylphenoxy group, 2-tert-butyl-6-isopropylphenoxy group, 2-tert-butyl-6-neopentylphenoxy group, Examples include aryloxy groups such as 2-isopropyl-6-neopentylphenoxy group, and among these, 2,6-di-tert-butylphenoxy group is preferable.
- examples of the thiolate group represented by X include aliphatic groups such as a thiomethoxy group, a thioethoxy group, a thiopropoxy group, a thio n-butoxy group, a thioisobutoxy group, a thiosec-butoxy group, and a thiotert-butoxy group.
- Thiolate group thiophenoxy group, 2,6-di-tert-butylthiophenoxy group, 2,6-diisopropylthiophenoxy group, 2,6-dineopentylthiophenoxy group, 2-tert-butyl-6-isopropylthio
- arylthiolate groups such as phenoxy group, 2-tert-butyl-6-neopentylthiophenoxy group, 2-isopropyl-6-neopentylthiophenoxy group, 2,4,6-triisopropylthiophenoxy group, etc. Of these, 2,4,6-triisopropylthiophenoxy group is preferred. Arbitrariness.
- examples of the amino group represented by X include aliphatic amino groups such as dimethylamino group, diethylamino group, and diisopropylamino group; phenylamino group, 2,6-di-tert-butylphenylamino group, 2, 6-diisopropylphenylamino group, 2,6-dineopentylphenylamino group, 2-tert-butyl-6-isopropylphenylamino group, 2-tert-butyl-6-neopentylphenylamino group, 2-isopropyl-6 -Neopentylphenylamino group, arylamino groups such as 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenylamino group; bistrialkylsilylamino groups such as bistrimethylsilylamino group, among them, bistrimethylsilylamino group Is preferred.
- aliphatic amino groups such as dimethylamino group, diethyla
- examples of the silyl group represented by X include trimethylsilyl group, tris (trimethylsilyl) silyl group, bis (trimethylsilyl) methylsilyl group, trimethylsilyl (dimethyl) silyl group, triisopropylsilyl (bistrimethylsilyl) silyl group, and the like. Among these, tris (trimethylsilyl) silyl group is preferable.
- the halogen atom represented by X may be a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom, but a chlorine atom or a bromine atom is preferred.
- the monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms represented by X specifically, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group , Tert-butyl group, neopentyl group, hexyl group, octyl group and the like linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon group; phenyl group, tolyl group, naphthyl group and other aromatic hydrocarbon groups; benzyl group and other aralkyl groups And the like; a hydrocarbon group containing a silicon atom such as a trimethylsilylmethyl group or a bistrimethylsilylmethyl group, and the like.
- a methyl group, an ethyl group, an isobutyl group, a trimethylsilylmethyl group, and the like are preferable.
- X is preferably a bistrimethylsilylamino group or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the non-coordinating anion represented by, for example, a tetravalent boron anion.
- tetravalent boron anion include tetraphenyl borate, tetrakis (monofluorophenyl) borate, tetrakis (difluorophenyl) borate, tetrakis (trifluorophenyl) borate, tetrakis (tetrafluorophenyl) borate, tetrakis ( Pentafluorophenyl) borate, tetrakis (tetrafluoromethylphenyl) borate, tetra (tolyl) borate, tetra (xylyl) borate, (triphenyl, pentafluorophenyl) borate, [tris (pentafluorophenyl), phenyl] borate, tri Decahydride-7,8-dica
- the metallocene complex represented by the above formulas (IX) and (X) and the half metallocene cation complex represented by the above formula (XI) are further added in 0 to 3, preferably 0 to 1 neutral Lewis base L.
- examples of the neutral Lewis base L include tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, dimethylaniline, trimethylphosphine, lithium chloride, neutral olefins, neutral diolefins, and the like.
- the neutral Lewis bases L may be the same or different.
- metallocene complex represented by the above formulas (IX) and (X) and the half metallocene cation complex represented by the above formula (XI) may exist as a monomer, a dimer or It may exist as the above multimer.
- the metallocene complex represented by the above formula (IX) includes, for example, a lanthanoid trishalide, scandium trishalide or yttrium trishalide in a solvent, an indenyl salt (for example, potassium salt or lithium salt) and bis (trialkylsilyl) amine. It can obtain by making it react with salt (for example, potassium salt and lithium salt). In addition, since reaction temperature should just be about room temperature, it can manufacture on mild conditions. The reaction time is arbitrary, but is about several hours to several tens of hours.
- the reaction solvent is not particularly limited, but is preferably a solvent that dissolves the raw material and the product. For example, toluene may be used.
- the reaction example for obtaining the metallocene complex represented by the formula (IX) is shown below.
- the metallocene complex represented by the formula (X) includes, for example, a lanthanide trishalide, scandium trishalide or yttrium trishalide in a solvent, an indenyl salt (for example, potassium salt or lithium salt) and a silyl salt (for example, potassium salt). Or a lithium salt).
- reaction temperature should just be about room temperature, it can manufacture on mild conditions.
- the reaction time is arbitrary, but is about several hours to several tens of hours.
- the reaction solvent is not particularly limited, but is preferably a solvent that dissolves the raw material and the product. For example, toluene may be used. Below, the reaction example for obtaining the metallocene complex represented by Formula (X) is shown.
- the half metallocene cation complex represented by the above formula (XI) can be obtained, for example, by the following reaction.
- M represents a lanthanoid element, scandium or yttrium, and Cp R ′ independently represents unsubstituted or substituted cyclopentadienyl, indenyl or fluorenyl
- X represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkoxy group, a thiolate group, an amino group, a silyl group, or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
- L represents a neutral Lewis base
- w represents 0 Indicates an integer of ⁇ 3.
- [A] + [B] ⁇ [A] + represents a cation
- [B] ⁇ represents a non-coordinating anion.
- Examples of the cation represented by + include a carbonium cation, an oxonium cation, an amine cation, a phosphonium cation, a cycloheptatrienyl cation, and a ferrocenium cation having a transition metal.
- Examples of the carbonium cation include trisubstituted carbonium cations such as a triphenylcarbonium cation and a tri (substituted phenyl) carbonium cation.
- the tri (substituted phenyl) carbonyl cation is specifically exemplified by tri (methylphenyl). ) Carbonium cation and the like.
- amine cations include trialkylammonium cations such as trimethylammonium cation, triethylammonium cation, tripropylammonium cation, and tributylammonium cation; N, N-dimethylanilinium cation, N, N-diethylanilinium cation, N, N, N, N-dialkylanilinium cations such as 2,4,6-pentamethylanilinium cation; dialkylammonium cations such as diisopropylammonium cation and dicyclohexylammonium cation.
- Examples of the phosphonium cation include triarylphosphonium cations such as triphenylphosphonium cation, tri (methylphenyl) phosphonium cation, and tri (dimethylphenyl) phosphonium cation.
- triarylphosphonium cations such as triphenylphosphonium cation, tri (methylphenyl) phosphonium cation, and tri (dimethylphenyl) phosphonium cation.
- N, N-dialkylanilinium cation or carbonium cation is preferable, and N, N-dialkylanilinium cation is particularly preferable.
- the ionic compound represented by the formula [A] + [B] ⁇ used for the above reaction is a compound selected and combined from the above non-coordinating anion and cation, and N, N-dimethylanilinium Tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, triphenylcarbonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate and the like are preferable.
- the ionic compound represented by the formula [A] + [B] ⁇ is preferably added in an amount of 0.1 to 10 times mol, more preferably about 1 time mol based on the metallocene complex.
- the half metallocene cation complex represented by the formula (XI) may be provided as it is in the polymerization reaction system, formula (XII) compound of formula represented by [a] + [B] used - provides ionic compound represented the separately into the polymerization reaction system is represented by the formula (XI) in the reaction system A half metallocene cation complex may be formed. Further, by using a combination of a metallocene complex represented by the formula (IX) or (X) and an ionic compound represented by the formula [A] + [B] - , the formula (XI) is used in the reaction system. The half metallocene cation complex represented by these can also be formed.
- the structures of the metallocene complexes represented by the above formulas (IX) and (X) and the half metallocene cation complex represented by the above formula (XI) are preferably determined by X-ray structural analysis.
- the co-catalyst that can be used in the second polymerization catalyst composition can be arbitrarily selected from components used as a co-catalyst for a polymerization catalyst composition containing a normal metallocene complex.
- suitable examples of the cocatalyst include aluminoxanes, organoaluminum compounds, and the above ionic compounds. These promoters may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- alkylaluminoxane is preferable, and examples thereof include methylaluminoxane (MAO) and modified methylaluminoxane.
- modified methylaluminoxane MMAO-3A (manufactured by Tosoh Finechem Co., Ltd.) and the like are preferable.
- the aluminoxane content in the second polymerization catalyst composition is such that the element ratio Al / M of the aluminum element Al of the aluminoxane to the central metal M of the metallocene complex is about 10 to 1,000. Preferably, about 100 is more preferable.
- the organoaluminum compound the general formula AlRR′R ′′ (wherein R and R ′ are each independently a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, or a hydrogen atom).
- R ′′ is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms).
- a halogen atom a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom are illustrated, and a chlorine atom is preferable.
- the organoaluminum compound include trialkylaluminum, dialkylaluminum chloride, alkylaluminum dichloride, and dialkylaluminum hydride.
- trialkylaluminum is preferable.
- examples of the trialkylaluminum include triethylaluminum and triisobutylaluminum.
- the content of the organoaluminum compound in the polymerization catalyst composition is preferably 1 to 50 times mol, more preferably about 10 times mol relative to the metallocene complex.
- the metallocene complex represented by the above formulas (IX) and (X) and the half metallocene cation complex represented by the above formula (XI) are respectively combined with an appropriate promoter.
- the cis-1,4 bond content and the molecular weight of the resulting polymer can be increased.
- a third polymerization catalyst composition (hereinafter also referred to as “third polymerization catalyst composition”) will be described.
- the third polymerization catalyst composition as the rare earth element-containing compound, the following formula (XIII): R a MX b QY b (XIII) (In the formula, each R independently represents unsubstituted or substituted indenyl, the R is coordinated to M, M represents a lanthanoid element, scandium or yttrium, and each X independently represents 1 to 20 represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group, X is ⁇ -coordinated to M and Q, Q represents a group 13 element in the periodic table, and Y is independently a carbon number of 1 to 20.
- a metallocene composite catalyst represented by the following formula:
- M 1 represents a lanthanoid element, scandium or yttrium
- Cp R each independently represents an unsubstituted or substituted indenyl group
- R A and R B each independently have 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- a monovalent hydrocarbon group, R A and R B are ⁇ -coordinated to M 1 and Al, and R C and R D are each independently a monovalent carbon atom having 1 to 20 carbon atoms;
- a polymer can be produced by using the above metallocene composite catalyst.
- the metallocene composite catalyst for example, a catalyst previously combined with an aluminum catalyst, it is possible to reduce or eliminate the amount of alkylaluminum used during the synthesis of the multi-component copolymer.
- a conventional catalyst system it is necessary to use a large amount of alkylaluminum at the time of synthesizing the multi-component copolymer.
- the metallocene composite catalyst it is excellent by adding about 5 molar equivalents of alkylaluminum. Catalysis is exerted.
- the metal M in the formula (XIII) is a lanthanoid element, scandium or yttrium.
- the lanthanoid elements include 15 elements having atomic numbers of 57 to 71, and any of these may be used.
- Preferred examples of the metal M include samarium Sm, neodymium Nd, praseodymium Pr, gadolinium Gd, cerium Ce, holmium Ho, scandium Sc, and yttrium Y.
- each R is independently an unsubstituted indenyl or a substituted indenyl, and the R is coordinated to the metal M.
- substituted indenyl include, for example, 1,2,3-trimethylindenyl group, heptamethylindenyl group, 1,2,4,5,6,7-hexamethylindenyl group, and the like.
- Q represents a group 13 element in the periodic table, and specific examples include boron, aluminum, gallium, indium, thallium and the like.
- each X independently represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and X is ⁇ -coordinated to M and Q.
- the monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms includes methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group, octyl group, decyl group, dodecyl group, tridecyl group. Tetradecyl group, pentadecyl group, hexadecyl group, heptadecyl group, stearyl group and the like.
- each Y independently represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a hydrogen atom, and the Y is coordinated to Q.
- the monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms includes methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group, octyl group, decyl group, dodecyl group, tridecyl group. Tetradecyl group, pentadecyl group, hexadecyl group, heptadecyl group, stearyl group and the like.
- the metal M 1 is a lanthanoid element, scandium or yttrium.
- the lanthanoid elements include 15 elements having atomic numbers of 57 to 71, and any of these may be used.
- Preferable examples of the metal M 1 include samarium Sm, neodymium Nd, praseodymium Pr, gadolinium Gd, cerium Ce, holmium Ho, scandium Sc, and yttrium Y.
- Cp R is unsubstituted indenyl or substituted indenyl.
- Cp R having an indenyl ring as a basic skeleton can be represented by C 9 H 7-X R X or C 9 H 11-X R X.
- X is an integer of 0 to 7 or 0 to 11.
- each R is preferably independently a hydrocarbyl group or a metalloid group.
- the hydrocarbyl group preferably has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and still more preferably 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- hydrocarbyl group examples include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a phenyl group, and a benzyl group.
- metalloid group metalloids include germyl Ge, stannyl Sn, and silyl Si, and the metalloid group preferably has a hydrocarbyl group, and the hydrocarbyl group that the metalloid group has is the same as the above hydrocarbyl group. is there.
- Specific examples of the metalloid group include a trimethylsilyl group.
- substituted indenyl examples include 2-phenylindenyl, 2-methylindenyl and the like. Incidentally, the two Cp R in formula (XIV) may each be the same or different from each other.
- R A and R B each independently represent a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and R A and R B are ⁇ -coordinated to M 1 and Al. ing.
- the monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms includes methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group, octyl group, decyl group, dodecyl group, tridecyl group. Tetradecyl group, pentadecyl group, hexadecyl group, heptadecyl group, stearyl group and the like.
- R C and R D are each independently a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a hydrogen atom.
- the monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms includes methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group, octyl group, decyl group, dodecyl group, tridecyl group. Tetradecyl group, pentadecyl group, hexadecyl group, heptadecyl group, stearyl group and the like.
- the metallocene-based composite catalyst is, for example, in a solvent in the following formula (XV):
- M 2 represents a lanthanoid element, scandium or yttrium
- Cp R each independently represents an unsubstituted or substituted indenyl group
- R E to R J each independently represents a group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- L represents a neutral Lewis base
- w represents an integer of 0 to 3
- a metallocene complex represented by AlR K R L R M It is obtained by reacting with.
- reaction temperature should just be about room temperature, it can manufacture on mild conditions.
- the reaction time is arbitrary, but is about several hours to several tens of hours.
- the reaction solvent is not particularly limited, but is preferably a solvent that dissolves the raw material and the product.
- toluene or hexane may be used.
- the structure of the metallocene composite catalyst is preferably determined by 1 H-NMR or X-ray structural analysis.
- Cp R is unsubstituted indenyl or substituted indenyl, and has the same meaning as Cp R in the above formula (XIV).
- the metal M 2 is a lanthanoid element, scandium, or yttrium, and has the same meaning as the metal M 1 in the formula (XIV).
- the metallocene complex represented by the above formula (XV) contains a silylamide ligand [—N (SiR 3 ) 2 ].
- the R groups (R E to R J groups) contained in the silylamide ligand are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a hydrogen atom.
- At least one of R E to R J is a hydrogen atom.
- the synthesis of the catalyst becomes easy.
- a methyl group is preferable as the alkyl group.
- the metallocene complex represented by the above formula (XV) further contains 0 to 3, preferably 0 to 1 neutral Lewis base L.
- the neutral Lewis base L include tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, dimethylaniline, trimethylphosphine, lithium chloride, neutral olefins, neutral diolefins, and the like.
- the neutral Lewis bases L may be the same or different.
- metallocene complex represented by the above formula (XV) may exist as a monomer, or may exist as a dimer or a higher multimer.
- the organoaluminum compound used for producing the metallocene composite catalyst is represented by AlR K R L R M , where R K and R L are each independently a monovalent carbon atom having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. hydrogen group or a hydrogen atom, R M is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, provided that, R M may be the same or different and the R K or R L.
- Examples of the monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms include methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group, octyl group, decyl group, dodecyl group, tridecyl group, tetradecyl group , Pentadecyl group, hexadecyl group, heptadecyl group, stearyl group and the like.
- organoaluminum compound examples include trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminum, tri-n-propylaluminum, triisopropylaluminum, tri-n-butylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum, tri-t-butylaluminum, tripentylaluminum, tri Hexyl aluminum, tricyclohexyl aluminum, trioctyl aluminum; diethyl aluminum hydride, di-n-propyl aluminum hydride, di-n-butyl aluminum hydride, diisobutyl aluminum hydride, dihexyl aluminum hydride, diisohexyl aluminum hydride , Dioctylaluminum hydride, diisooctylaluminum hydride; ethylaluminum dihydride, n-propylaluminum Muzi hydride, isobutylaluminum dihydride and the like.
- triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum, hydrogenated diethylaluminum, hydrogenated diisobutylaluminum are preferred.
- these organoaluminum compounds can be used individually by 1 type, or 2 or more types can be mixed and used for them.
- the amount of the organoaluminum compound used for the production of the metallocene composite catalyst is preferably 1 to 50 times mol, more preferably about 10 times mol to the metallocene complex.
- the third polymerization catalyst composition may include the metallocene composite catalyst and a boron anion, and further, other components contained in the polymerization catalyst composition including a normal metallocene catalyst, such as a promoter. It is preferable to contain.
- the metallocene composite catalyst and boron anion are also referred to as a two-component catalyst. According to the third polymerization catalyst composition, since the boron anion is further contained in the same manner as the metallocene composite catalyst, the content of each monomer component in the polymer can be arbitrarily controlled. It becomes.
- boron anion constituting the two-component catalyst in the third polymerization catalyst composition include a tetravalent boron anion.
- tetraphenylborate tetrakis (monofluorophenyl) borate, tetrakis (difluorophenyl) borate, tetrakis (trifluorophenyl) borate, tetrakis (tetrafluorophenyl) borate, tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, tetrakis (tetrafluoromethyl) Phenyl) borate, tetra (tolyl) borate, tetra (xylyl) borate, (triphenyl, pentafluorophenyl) borate, [tris (pentafluorophenyl), phenyl] borate, tridecahydride-7,8-dicarboundecaborate Among
- the boron anion can be used as an ionic compound combined with a cation.
- the cation include a carbonium cation, an oxonium cation, an amine cation, a phosphonium cation, a cycloheptatrienyl cation, and a ferrocenium cation having a transition metal.
- the carbonium cation include trisubstituted carbonium cations such as a triphenylcarbonium cation and a tri (substituted phenyl) carbonium cation.
- the tri (substituted phenyl) carbonyl cation is specifically exemplified by tri (methylphenyl).
- amine cations include trialkylammonium cations such as trimethylammonium cation, triethylammonium cation, tripropylammonium cation, and tributylammonium cation; N, N-dimethylanilinium cation, N, N-diethylanilinium cation, N, N, N, N-dialkylanilinium cations such as 2,4,6-pentamethylanilinium cation; dialkylammonium cations such as diisopropylammonium cation and dicyclohexylammonium cation.
- Examples of the phosphonium cation include triarylphosphonium cations such as triphenylphosphonium cation, tri (methylphenyl) phosphonium cation, and tri (dimethylphenyl) phosphonium cation.
- N, N-dialkylanilinium cation or carbonium cation is preferable, and N, N-dialkylanilinium cation is more preferable. Therefore, as the ionic compound, N, N-dimethylanilinium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, triphenylcarbonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate and the like are preferable.
- the ionic compound composed of a boron anion and a cation is preferably added in an amount of 0.1 to 10 times mol, more preferably about 1 time mol based on the metallocene composite catalyst.
- the metallocene composite catalyst of the above formula (XIV) cannot be synthesized. Therefore, for the preparation of the third polymerization catalyst composition, it is necessary to synthesize the metallocene composite catalyst in advance, isolate and purify the metallocene composite catalyst, and then combine with the boron anion.
- aluminoxane can be preferably used.
- the aluminoxane is preferably an alkylaluminoxane, and examples thereof include methylaluminoxane (MAO) and modified methylaluminoxane.
- MAO methylaluminoxane
- modified methylaluminoxane MMAO-3A (manufactured by Tosoh Finechem Co., Ltd.) and the like are preferable.
- These aluminoxanes may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the fourth polymerization catalyst composition includes a rare earth element compound and a compound having a cyclopentadiene skeleton.
- the fourth polymerization catalyst composition is: A rare earth element compound (hereinafter also referred to as “component (A2)”), A compound selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadiene, substituted or unsubstituted indene (compound having an indenyl group), and substituted or unsubstituted fluorene (hereinafter also referred to as “component (B2)”) When, Need to contain.
- component (A2) A rare earth element compound
- component (B2) A compound selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadiene, substituted or unsubstituted indene (compound having an indenyl group), and substituted or unsubstituted fluorene
- This fourth polymerization catalyst composition is: ⁇ Organic metal compound (hereinafter also referred to as “component (C2)”) ⁇ Aluminoxane compound (hereinafter also referred to as “component (D2)”) ⁇ Halogen compounds (hereinafter also referred to as “component (E2)”) May further be included.
- component (C2) Organic metal compound
- component (D2) Aluminoxane compound
- component (E2) Halogen compounds
- the fourth polymerization catalyst composition preferably has high solubility in aliphatic hydrocarbons, and is preferably a homogeneous solution in aliphatic hydrocarbons.
- examples of the aliphatic hydrocarbon include hexane, cyclohexane, pentane, and the like.
- a 4th polymerization catalyst composition does not contain an aromatic hydrocarbon.
- examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon include benzene, toluene, xylene, and the like.
- "it does not contain an aromatic hydrocarbon” means that the ratio of the aromatic hydrocarbon contained in a polymerization catalyst composition is less than 0.1 mass%.
- the component (A2) can be a rare earth element-containing compound having a metal-nitrogen bond (MN bond) or a reaction product of the rare earth element-containing compound and a Lewis base.
- the rare earth element-containing compound include scandium, yttrium, and a compound containing a lanthanoid element composed of elements having atomic numbers of 57 to 71.
- the lanthanoid element is specifically lanthanium, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, and lutetium.
- the Lewis base include tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, dimethylaniline, trimethylphosphine, lithium chloride, neutral olefins, neutral diolefins, and the like.
- the rare earth element-containing compound or the reaction product of the rare earth element-containing compound and the Lewis base does not have a bond between the rare earth element and carbon.
- the reaction product of the rare earth element-containing compound and the Lewis base does not have a rare earth element-carbon bond, the reaction product is stable and easy to handle.
- the said (A2) component may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- the component (A2) is represented by the formula (1) M- (AQ 1 ) (AQ 2 ) (AQ 3 ) (1)
- M represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of scandium, yttrium and lanthanoid elements; AQ 1 , AQ 2 and AQ 3 may be the same or different functional groups.
- a group wherein A represents at least one selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur; provided that it has at least one MA bond It is preferable that it is a compound represented by these.
- the lanthanoid elements are specifically lanthanium, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, and lutetium. According to the above compound, the catalytic activity in the reaction system can be improved, the reaction time can be shortened, and the reaction temperature can be increased.
- gadolinium is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of enhancing catalyst activity and reaction controllability.
- a in the above formula (1) is nitrogen
- examples of the functional group represented by AQ 1 , AQ 2 , and AQ 3 include an amino group and the like. It is done. And in this case, it has three MN bonds.
- amino group examples include aliphatic amino groups such as dimethylamino group, diethylamino group, and diisopropylamino group; phenylamino group, 2,6-di-tert-butylphenylamino group, 2,6-diisopropylphenylamino group, 2,6-dineopentylphenylamino group, 2-tert-butyl-6-isopropylphenylamino group, 2-tert-butyl-6-neopentylphenylamino group, 2-isopropyl-6-neopentylphenylamino group,
- Examples include arylamino groups such as 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenylamino group; bistrialkylsilylamino groups such as bistrimethylsilylamino group, and are particularly soluble in aliphatic hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons. From the viewpoint, a bistrimethylsilylamino group is preferable.
- the component (A2) can be a compound having three MN bonds, and each bond becomes chemically equivalent, and the structure of the compound becomes stable, so that handling is easy. Moreover, if it is set as the said structure, the catalyst activity in a reaction system can further be improved. Therefore, the reaction time can be further shortened and the reaction temperature can be further increased.
- the component (A2) represented by the formula (1) is not particularly limited.
- R may be the same or different, and is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the compound represented by the above formula (1a) or the compound represented by the formula (1b) can be suitably used. .
- the component (A2) represented by the formula (1) is not particularly limited.
- the following formula (1c) (RS) 3 M (1c) A rare earth alkylthiolate represented by The following formula (1d) (R-CS 2 ) 3 M (1d)
- R may be the same or different and represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the above-described compound (1c) or compound (1d) can be suitably used.
- the component (B2) is a compound selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadiene, substituted or unsubstituted indene (compound having an indenyl group), and substituted or unsubstituted fluorene.
- the compound of the said (B2) component may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- Examples of the substituted cyclopentadiene include pentamethylcyclopentadiene, tetramethylcyclopentadiene, isopropylcyclopentadiene, trimethylsilyl-tetramethylcyclopentadiene, and the like.
- Examples of the substituted or unsubstituted indene include indene, 2-phenyl-1H-indene, 3-benzyl-1H-indene, 3-methyl-2-phenyl-1H-indene, and 3-benzyl-2-phenyl-1H.
- substituted fluorene examples include trimethylsilylfluorene and isopropylfluorene.
- the conjugated electrons included in the compound having a cyclopentadiene skeleton can be increased, and the catalytic activity in the reaction system can be further improved. Therefore, the reaction time can be further shortened and the reaction temperature can be further increased.
- the organometallic compound (component (C2)) is represented by the formula (2): YR 4 a R 5 b R 6 c ⁇ (2)
- Y is a Group 1 of the Periodic Table, Group 2, a metal element selected from the group consisting of group 12 and group 13 elements, R 4 and R 5 having a carbon number of 1 10 monovalent hydrocarbon groups or hydrogen atoms
- R 6 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, provided that R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are the same or different from each other.
- the component (C2) has the formula (3): AlR 7 R 8 R 9 (3) (Wherein R 7 and R 8 are monovalent hydrocarbon groups or hydrogen atoms having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R 9 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and R 7 , R 8 and R 9 may be the same or different from each other).
- the organoaluminum compound include trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminum, tri-n-propylaluminum, triisopropylaluminum, tri-n-butylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum, tri-t-butylaluminum, tripentylaluminum, and trihexyl.
- the said organoaluminum compound may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- the aluminoxane compound (component (D2)) is a compound obtained by bringing an organoaluminum compound and a condensing agent into contact with each other.
- component (D2) the catalytic activity in the polymerization reaction system can be further improved. Therefore, the reaction time can be further shortened and the reaction temperature can be further increased.
- examples of the organoaluminum compound include trialkylaluminum such as trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminum, and triisobutylaluminum, and mixtures thereof. Particularly, trimethylaluminum, and a mixture of trimethylaluminum and tributylaluminum are preferable.
- An example of the condensing agent is water.
- n may be the same or different between the repeating units;
- the molecular structure of the aluminoxane may be linear or cyclic.
- n is preferably 10 or more.
- the hydrocarbon group for R 10 include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, and an isobutyl group, and a methyl group is particularly preferable.
- the said hydrocarbon group may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- As the hydrocarbon group for R a combination of a methyl group and an isobutyl group is preferable.
- the aluminoxane preferably has high solubility in aliphatic hydrocarbons, and preferably has low solubility in aromatic hydrocarbons.
- aluminoxane marketed as a hexane solution is preferable.
- examples of the aliphatic hydrocarbon include hexane and cyclohexane.
- the component (D2) is particularly represented by the formula (5): -(Al (CH 3 ) x (iC 4 H 9 ) y O) m- (5) (Wherein, x + y is 1; m is 5 or more), and may be a modified aluminoxane (hereinafter also referred to as “TMAO”).
- TMAO modified aluminoxane
- the component (D2) particularly has the formula (6): -(Al (CH 3 ) 0.7 (iC 4 H 9 ) 0.3 O) k- (6) (Wherein k is 5 or more), and may be a modified aluminoxane (hereinafter also referred to as “MMAO”).
- MMAO modified aluminoxane
- An example of MMAO is MMAO-3A manufactured by Tosoh Finechem Co., Ltd.
- the component (D2) is particularly represented by the formula (7): -[(CH 3 ) AlO] i- (7) (Wherein i is 5 or more), a modified aluminoxane (hereinafter also referred to as “PMAO”).
- PMAO a modified aluminoxane
- An example of PMAO is TMAO-211 manufactured by Tosoh Finechem Co., Ltd.
- the component (D2) is preferably MMAO or TMAO among the MMAO, TMAO, and PMAO from the viewpoint of improving the effect of improving the catalyst activity, and is TMAO from the viewpoint of further enhancing the effect of improving the catalyst activity. It is more preferable.
- the halogen compound (component (E2)) is a halogen-containing compound which is a Lewis acid (hereinafter also referred to as “(E2-1) component”), a complex compound of a metal halide and a Lewis base (hereinafter referred to as “(E2-2)”. ) Component ”) and an organic compound containing an active halogen (hereinafter also referred to as“ component (E2-3) ”).
- component (A2) that is, a rare earth element-containing compound having an MN bond, or a reaction product of the rare earth element-containing compound and a Lewis base to form a cationic transition metal compound, a halogenated transition, A metal compound and / or a transition metal compound in which electrons are insufficient at the transition metal center are generated.
- component (E2) the cis-1,4-bond content of the conjugated diene polymer can be improved.
- halogen-containing compound containing an element of Group 3, Group 4, Group 5, Group 6, Group 8, Group 13, Group 14, Group 15 or the like
- aluminum halides or organometallic halides are preferred.
- halogen-containing compounds that are Lewis acids include titanium tetrachloride, tungsten hexachloride, tri (pentafluorophenyl) borate, methylaluminum dibromide, methylaluminum dichloride, ethylaluminum dibromide, ethylaluminum dichloride, butylaluminum dibromide.
- Examples include bromide, tri (pentafluorophenyl) aluminum, dibutyltin dichloride, tin tetrachloride, phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus pentachloride, antimony trichloride, antimony pentachloride, etc., especially ethyl aluminum dichloride, ethyl aluminum dibromide, diethyl Aluminum chloride, diethylaluminum bromide, ethylaluminum ses
- Examples of the metal halide used for the component (E2-2) include beryllium chloride, beryllium bromide, beryllium iodide, magnesium chloride, magnesium bromide, magnesium iodide, calcium chloride, calcium bromide, calcium iodide, Barium chloride, barium bromide, barium iodide, zinc chloride, zinc bromide, zinc iodide, cadmium chloride, cadmium bromide, cadmium iodide, mercury chloride, mercury bromide, mercury iodide, manganese chloride, manganese bromide , Manganese iodide, rhenium chloride, rhenium bromide, rhenium iodide, copper chloride, copper bromide, copper iodide, silver chloride, silver bromide, silver iodide, gold chloride, gold iodide, gold bromide etc.
- the Lewis base used for the component (E2-2) is preferably a phosphorus compound, a carbonyl compound, a nitrogen compound, an ether compound, or an alcohol.
- tributyl phosphate tri-2-ethylhexyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, triethylphosphine, tributylphosphine, triphenylphosphine, diethylphosphinoethane, diphenylphosphinoethane, acetylacetone, benzoylacetone, propionylacetone , Valeryl acetone, ethyl acetylacetone, methyl acetoacetate, ethyl acetoacetate, phenyl acetoacetate, dimethyl malonate, diethyl malonate, diphenyl malonate, acetic acid, octanoic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, benzoic acid Acid, naphthenic acid, versatic acid, triethylamine, N, N-di
- Examples of the component (E2-3) include benzyl chloride.
- component a compound selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadiene, substituted or unsubstituted indene, and substituted or unsubstituted fluorene
- component a compound selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadiene, substituted or unsubstituted indene, and substituted or unsubstituted fluorene
- component rare earth element compound
- the ratio of the component (C2) (organometallic compound) to the component (A2) in terms of moles is preferably 1 or more, more preferably 5 or more, and the reaction system. Is preferably 50 or less, more preferably 30 or less, specifically more preferably about 10 from the viewpoint of suppressing a decrease in catalytic activity in
- the ratio of aluminum in component (D2) (aluminoxane) in moles to the rare earth element in component (A2) is preferably 10 or more, and 100 or more. Is more preferable, and is preferably 1,000 or less, and more preferably 800 or less, from the viewpoint of suppressing a decrease in catalytic activity in the reaction system.
- the ratio of (E2) component (halogen compound) to (A2) component in moles is preferably 0 or more, more preferably 0.5 or more, and more preferably 1.0 or more, from the viewpoint of improving the catalytic activity. More preferably, it is preferably 20 or less, more preferably 10 or less, from the viewpoint of maintaining the solubility of the component (E2) and suppressing the decrease in catalyst activity. Therefore, according to the above range, the effect of improving the cis-1,4-bond content of the conjugated diene polymer can be enhanced.
- the fourth polymerization catalyst composition includes a non-coordinating anion (for example, a tetravalent boron anion) and a cation (for example, a carbonium cation, an oxonium cation, an ammonium cation, a phosphonium cation, and a cycloheptatrienyl cation). And an ionic compound composed of a ferrocenium cation having a transition metal).
- the ionic compound has high solubility in aromatic hydrocarbons and low solubility in hydrocarbons. Therefore, if it is set as the polymerization catalyst composition which does not contain an ionic compound, a conjugated diene polymer can be manufactured, reducing environmental impact and manufacturing cost further.
- "it does not contain an ionic compound” means that the ratio of the ionic compound contained in a polymerization catalyst composition is less than 0.01 mass%.
- the coupling step is a step of performing a reaction (coupling reaction) for modifying at least a part (for example, a terminal) of the polymer chain of the multi-component copolymer obtained in the polymerization step.
- the coupling reaction is preferably performed when the polymerization reaction reaches 100%.
- the coupling agent used in the coupling reaction is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose.
- a tin-containing compound such as bis (-1-octadecyl maleate) dioctyl tin (IV);
- examples include isocyanate compounds such as 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate; alkoxysilane compounds such as glycidylpropyltrimethoxysilane, and the like. These may be used individually by 1 type and may use 2 or more types together.
- bis (-1-octadecyl maleate) dioctyltin (IV) is preferable from the viewpoint of reaction efficiency and low gel formation.
- the number average molecular weight (Mn) can be increased by performing a coupling reaction.
- the washing step is a step of washing the multi-component copolymer obtained in the polymerization step.
- the medium used for washing is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include methanol, ethanol and 2-propanol.
- a catalyst derived from a Lewis acid is used as a polymerization catalyst.
- an acid for example, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid
- the amount of the acid to be added is preferably 15 mol% or less with respect to the solvent. Above this, the acid remains in the multi-component copolymer, which may adversely affect the reaction during kneading and vulcanization.
- the amount of catalyst residue in the multi-component copolymer can be suitably reduced.
- the rubber composition of the present invention contains at least the multi-component copolymer of the present invention, and may further contain a filler, a crosslinking agent, other rubber components, and the like as necessary.
- Other rubber components are not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose.
- the content of the multi-component polymer with respect to the entire rubber component is preferably 4% by mass or more of the entire rubber component, and is preferably 5% by mass or more. More preferably, it is more preferably 10% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 40% by mass or more.
- the amount is more preferably 50% by mass or more, more preferably 60% by mass or more, and most preferably 100% by mass of the rubber component as a whole, that is, 100% by mass.
- a filler can be used in the rubber composition as necessary for the purpose of improving the reinforcing property.
- the blending amount of the filler is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. 30 to 60 parts by mass is particularly preferable. When the blending amount of the filler is 10 parts by mass or more, the effect of improving the reinforcing property by blending the filler can be obtained, and when the blending amount is 100 parts by mass or less, the low loss is greatly reduced. Thus, good workability can be maintained.
- the filler is not particularly limited, and carbon black, silica, aluminum hydroxide, clay, alumina, talc, mica, kaolin, glass balloon, glass beads, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium oxide. , Titanium oxide, potassium titanate, barium sulfate and the like. Among these, carbon black is preferably used. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the carbon black there is no restriction
- the carbon black has a nitrogen adsorption specific surface area (N 2 SA) of 20 m 2 / g or more, durability of the resulting rubber composition is improved, sufficient crack growth resistance is obtained, and 100 m 2 By being / g or less, good workability can be maintained while avoiding a significant decrease in low loss.
- N 2 SA nitrogen adsorption specific surface area
- a crosslinking agent can be used for the rubber composition as necessary.
- a sulfur type crosslinking agent an organic peroxide type crosslinking agent, an inorganic crosslinking agent, a polyamine crosslinking agent, a resin crosslinking agent, sulfur Compound-based crosslinking agents, oxime-nitrosamine-based crosslinking agents and the like can be mentioned.
- a sulfur type crosslinking agent vulcanizing agent
- vulcanizing agent is more preferable among these.
- the content of the crosslinking agent is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose, but is preferably 0.1 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component.
- the content of the cross-linking agent is 0.1 parts by mass or more, the cross-linking proceeds suitably.
- the content is 20 parts by mass or less, the progress of cross-linking during kneading is suppressed, and physical properties of a good cross-linked product. Is preferable.
- a vulcanization accelerator When using the vulcanizing agent, a vulcanization accelerator can be used in combination.
- the vulcanization accelerator include guanidine, aldehyde-amine, aldehyde-ammonia, thiazole, sulfenamide, thiourea, thiuram, dithiocarbamate, and xanthate compounds.
- the rubber composition of the present invention if necessary, softener, vulcanization aid, colorant, flame retardant, lubricant, foaming agent, plasticizer, processing aid, antioxidant, anti-aging agent, Known materials such as a scorch inhibitor, an ultraviolet light inhibitor, an antistatic agent, an anti-coloring agent, and other compounding agents can be used depending on the purpose of use.
- a crosslinked rubber composition can be obtained by crosslinking the rubber composition of the present invention.
- the crosslinking conditions are not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. However, the temperature is preferably 120 to 200 ° C., and the heating time is preferably 1 minute to 900 minutes. Since such a crosslinked rubber composition uses a conjugated diene compound as one of the monomers of the rubber component, compared to the case where a polymer having a non-conjugated diene compound such as EPDM as one of the monomers is used. Good cross-linking properties and therefore higher mechanical properties.
- the tire of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the rubber composition of the present invention is used, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. Since such a tire uses the rubber composition containing the multi-component copolymer of the present invention, it can be produced with high workability, is excellent in fracture characteristics at high temperature, and has high durability and weather resistance. .
- the application site of the rubber composition of the present invention in a tire is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include tread, base tread, sidewall, side reinforcing rubber, and bead filler. . Among these, it is advantageous from the viewpoint of durability to use the rubber composition of the present invention for a tread.
- a method for manufacturing the tire a conventional method can be used.
- a tire molding drum members usually used for manufacturing a tire such as a carcass layer, a belt layer, a tread layer, and the like made of at least one selected from the group consisting of an unvulcanized rubber composition and a cord are sequentially laminated. Pull out the drum to make a green tire. Then, a desired tire (for example, a pneumatic tire) can be manufactured by heating and vulcanizing the green tire according to a conventional method.
- a desired tire for example, a pneumatic tire
- the rubber composition of the present invention can be used for a vibration-proof rubber, a seismic isolation rubber, a belt such as a conveyor belt, a rubber crawler, various hoses, etc. in addition to a tire application.
- ethylene was charged into the pressure resistant stainless steel reactor at a pressure of 1.5 MPa, and 50 mL of a toluene solution containing 5 g of 1,3-butadiene was charged into the pressure resistant stainless steel reactor over 3 hours, at 70 ° C. for a total of 4 hours. Copolymerization was performed. Next, 1 mL of a 5% by mass isopropanol solution of 2,2′-methylene-bis (4-ethyl-6-tert-butylphenol) (NS-5) was added to the pressure resistant stainless steel reactor to stop the reaction. Next, the copolymer was separated using a large amount of methanol, and vacuum dried at 50 ° C. to obtain copolymer A.
- ethylene was charged into the pressure-resistant stainless steel reactor at a pressure of 1.4 MPa, and 60 mL of a toluene solution containing 1.5 g of 1,3-butadiene was charged into the pressure-resistant stainless steel reactor over 7 hours. Copolymerization was performed for 8 hours. Next, 1 mL of a 5% by mass isopropanol solution of 2,2′-methylene-bis (4-ethyl-6-tert-butylphenol) (NS-5) was added to the pressure resistant stainless steel reactor to stop the reaction. Next, the copolymer was separated using a large amount of methanol, and vacuum-dried at 50 ° C. to obtain a copolymer B.
- ethylene was charged into the pressure resistant stainless steel reactor at a pressure of 1.5 MPa, and further 80 mL of a toluene solution containing 20 g of 1,3-butadiene was charged into the pressure resistant stainless steel reactor over 8 hours. Copolymerization was performed for 5 hours. Next, 1 mL of a 5% by mass isopropanol solution of 2,2′-methylene-bis (4-ethyl-6-tert-butylphenol) (NS-5) was added to the pressure resistant stainless steel reactor to stop the reaction. Next, the copolymer was separated using a large amount of methanol, and vacuum dried at 50 ° C. to obtain a copolymer C.
- ethylene was charged into the pressure resistant stainless steel reactor at a pressure of 1.5 MPa, and 150 mL of a toluene solution containing 30 g of 1,3-butadiene was further charged into the pressure resistant stainless steel reactor over 30 minutes. Copolymerization was performed for an hour. Thereafter, 150 mL of a toluene solution containing 30 g of 1,3-butadiene was charged into the pressure-resistant stainless steel reactor over 30 minutes, and copolymerization was further performed at 70 ° C. for 1 hour.
- ethylene was charged into the pressure-resistant stainless steel reactor at a pressure of 1.4 MPa, and 60 mL of a toluene solution containing 3 g of 1,3-butadiene was charged into the pressure-resistant stainless steel reactor over 8 hours. Copolymerization was performed for 5 hours. Next, 1 mL of a 5% by mass isopropanol solution of 2,2′-methylene-bis (4-ethyl-6-tert-butylphenol) (NS-5) was added to the pressure resistant stainless steel reactor to stop the reaction. Next, the copolymer was separated using a large amount of methanol, and vacuum-dried at 50 ° C. to obtain a copolymer E.
- ethylene was charged into the pressure resistant stainless steel reactor at a pressure of 1.5 MPa, and 50 mL of a toluene solution containing 10 g of isoprene was charged into the pressure resistant stainless steel reactor over 7 hours, and copolymerization was performed at 70 ° C. for a total of 8 hours. It was.
- 1 mL of a 5% by mass isopropanol solution of 2,2′-methylene-bis (4-ethyl-6-tert-butylphenol) (NS-5) was added to the pressure resistant stainless steel reactor to stop the reaction.
- the copolymer was separated using a large amount of methanol, and vacuum-dried at 50 ° C. to obtain a copolymer F.
- ethylene was charged into the pressure resistant stainless steel reactor at a pressure of 1.5 MPa, and 500 mL of a toluene solution containing 100 g of 1,3-butadiene was further charged into the pressure resistant stainless steel reactor over 4 hours, at 70 ° C. for a total of 5 hours. Copolymerization was performed. Next, 1 mL of a 5% by mass isopropanol solution of 2,2′-methylene-bis (4-ethyl-6-tert-butylphenol) (NS-5) was added to the pressure resistant stainless steel reactor to stop the reaction. Next, the copolymer was separated using a large amount of methanol, and vacuum-dried at 50 ° C. to obtain a copolymer c.
- the content (mol%) of ethylene, styrene, butadiene, and isoprene was measured and evaluated by the following method.
- the content (mol%) of ethylene, styrene, butadiene and isoprene moieties in the copolymer was determined from the integration ratio of each peak of 1 H-NMR spectrum (100 ° C., d-tetrachloroethane standard: 6 ppm).
- Aromatic hydrogen derived from styrene in copolymer (5H: 7.4-6.4 ppm), olefin hydrogen derived from 1,4-butadiene bond (2H: 5.3-5.5 ppm) or 1,4-isoprene Olefin hydrogen derived from the bond (1H: 4.9-5.2 ppm) and allyl hydrogen derived from isoprene (styrene (3H) + butadiene (4H) or isoprene (7H) + ethylene (1H): 1 .About.2.4 to 2.4 ppm). Each calculated value is shown in Table 1.
- Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 A rubber compound having a compounding formulation shown in Table 2 was prepared, and ozone resistance and high temperature fracture characteristics were measured according to the following methods for the vulcanized rubber obtained by vulcanization at 160 ° C. for 30 minutes. The results are shown in Tables 3 and 4.
- SBR used in the blends of Comparative Example 1 and other examples and comparative examples in Tables 3 and 4 uses JSR # 1500
- EPDM used in Comparative Example 2 uses JSR EP35. did.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a polymer having low crystallinity as well as improving the durability and weather resistance of rubber products and rubber products such as tires. Moreover, according to this invention, while being able to manufacture with high workability
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Abstract
Description
例えば、特許文献1は、共役ジエン部分(共役ジエン化合物由来部分)のシス-1,4結合含量が70.5mol%より大きく、非共役オレフィンの含有量が10mol%以上である共役ジエン化合物と非共役オレフィンとの共重合体を開示しており、また、この共重合体が、耐亀裂成長性及び耐候性の良好なゴムを製造するのに用いられることが開示されている。
<1> 共役ジエン単位と、非共役オレフィン単位と、芳香族ビニル単位とを含有する多元共重合体であって、主鎖が非環状構造のみからなり、芳香族ビニル単位の含有量が、多元共重合体全体の3mol%以上であり、非共役オレフィン単位の含有量が、多元共重合体全体の44mol%を超え、97mol%未満であることを特徴とする、多元共重合体。
<2> 前記芳香族ビニル単位の含有量が、多元共重合体全体の30mol%以下である、<1>に記載の多元共重合体。
<3> 前記共役ジエン単位の含有量が、多元共重合体全体の1mol%以上である、<1>又は<2>に記載の多元共重合体。
<4> 前記共役ジエン単位の含有量が、多元共重合体全体の40mol%以下である、<1>~<3>のいずれか1つに記載の多元共重合体。
<5> 前記非共役オレフィン単位が、エチレン単位のみからなる、<1>~<4>のいずれか1つに記載の多元共重合体。
<6> 前記芳香族ビニル単位が、スチレン単位を含む、<1>~<5>のいずれか1つに記載の多元共重合体。
<7> 前記共役ジエン単位が、1,3-ブタジエン単位及びイソプレン単位よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含む、<1>~<6>のいずれか1つに記載の多元共重合体。
<8> 1,3-ブタジエン単位、エチレン単位、及びスチレン単位のみからなる三元共重合体である、<1>~<7>のいずれか1つに記載の多元共重合体。
<9> 前記共役ジエン単位におけるシス1,4-結合含有量が50%以上である、<1>~<8>のいずれか1つに記載の多元共重合体。
<10> <1>~<9>のいずれか1つに記載の多元共重合体を含有することを特徴とする、ゴム組成物。
<11> <10>に記載のゴム組成物を架橋したことを特徴とする、架橋ゴム組成物。
<12> <10>に記載のゴム組成物又は<11>に記載の架橋ゴム組成物を用いたことを特徴とする、ゴム製品。
<13> <10>に記載のゴム組成物又は<11>に記載の架橋ゴム組成物を用いたことを特徴とする、タイヤ。
また、質量部及び質量%は、それぞれ、重量部及び重量%と同義である。
本発明の多元共重合体は、共役ジエン単位と、非共役オレフィン単位と、芳香族ビニル単位とを含有し、主鎖が非環状構造のみからなり、芳香族ビニル単位の含有量が、多元共重合体全体の3mol%以上であり、非共役オレフィン単位の含有量が、多元共重合体全体の44mol%を超え、97mol%未満であることを特徴とする。
ここで、本明細書において、「共役ジエン単位」とは、多元共重合体における、共役ジエン化合物に由来する構成単位に相当する単位を意味し、「非共役オレフィン単位」とは、多元共重合体における、非共役オレフィン化合物に由来する構成単位に相当する単位を意味し、「芳香族ビニル単位」とは、多元共重合体における、芳香族ビニル化合物に由来する構成単位に相当する単位を意味する。
また、本明細書において、「共役ジエン化合物」とは、共役系のジエン化合物を意味し、「非共役オレフィン化合物」とは、脂肪族不飽和炭化水素で、炭素-炭素二重結合を1個以上有する非共役系の化合物を意味し、「芳香族ビニル化合物」とは、少なくともビニル基で置換された芳香族化合物を意味し、且つ、共役ジエン化合物には含まれないものとする。
更に、本明細書において、「主鎖」とは、多元共重合体における、各単位の結合末端を結んでなる長鎖部分を指し、多元共重合体の連鎖構造によっては、直鎖状であってもよく、分枝鎖状であってもよいものである。即ち、「主鎖」は、多元共重合体を構成する各単位における、隣接する単位とは結合しない分岐部分を含まない。
そして、本明細書において、「多元共重合体」とは、3種類以上の単量体を重合してなる共重合体を意味する。
本発明者らは、特定の多元共重合体を用いることにより、高い耐候性を維持しつつ、高温での破壊特性に優れたゴム組成物が得られることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
本発明の多元共重合体は、共役ジエン単位を含有する。共役ジエン単位は、単量体としての共役ジエン化合物に由来する構成単位である。本発明の多元共重合体は、単量体として共役ジエン化合物を用いて重合され得るものであるため、例えば公知であるEPDMのような非共役ジエン化合物を用いて重合してなる共重合体に比べ、架橋特性、フィラー補強性に優れる。従って、本発明の多元共重合体は、これを用いて製造されるゴム組成物やゴム製品の機械特性をより向上させることができるという利点も有する。
前記共役ジエン化合物は、炭素数が4~8であることが好ましい。共役ジエン化合物として、具体的には、1,3-ブタジエン、イソプレン、1,3-ペンタジエン、2,3-ジメチル-1,3-ブタジエン等が挙げられる。
本発明の多元共重合体の単量体としての共役ジエン化合物は、得られる多元共重合体を用いたゴム組成物やタイヤ等のゴム製品の高温での破壊性能を効果的に向上させる観点から、1,3-ブタジエン及びイソプレンよりなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含むことが好ましく、1,3-ブタジエン及びイソプレンよりなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの単量体のみからなることがより好ましく、1,3-ブタジエンのみからなることが更に好ましい。換言すれば、本発明の多元共重合体における共役ジエン単位は、1,3-ブタジエン単位及びイソプレン単位よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの構成単位を含むことが好ましく、1,3-ブタジエン単位及びイソプレン単位よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの構成単位のみからなることがより好ましく、1,3-ブタジエン単位のみからなることが更に好ましい。
一方、前記共役ジエン単位全体におけるビニル結合(1,2ビニル結合、3,4ビニル結合など)含有量は、30%以下であることが好ましく、15%以下であることがより好ましく、10%以下であることが更に好ましく、6%以下であることが特に好ましい。また、前記共役ジエン単位全体におけるトランス-1,4結合含有量は、30%以下であることが好ましく、15%以下であることがより好ましく、10%以下であることが更に好ましい。
なお、シス-1,4結合、トランス-1,4結合、ビニル結合のそれぞれの含有量は、1H-NMR及び13C-NMRの測定結果から、積分比によって求めることができる。
共役ジエン単位の含有量は、多元共重合体全体の1mol%以上であることが好ましい。3mol%以上であることがより好ましく、5mol%以上であることが更に好ましい。また、共役ジエン単位の含有量は、多元共重合体全体の40mol%以下であることが好ましく、30mol%以下であることがより好ましく、20mol%以下であることが更に好ましい。
共役ジエン単位の含有量が、多元共重合体全体の1mol%以上であると、伸びに優れるゴム組成物及びゴム製品が得られるので好ましい。また、40mol%以下であると、耐候性に優れる。
本発明の多元共重合体は、非共役オレフィン単位を含有する。非共役オレフィン単位は、単量体としての非共役オレフィン化合物に由来する構成単位である。前記非共役オレフィン化合物は、炭素数が2~10であることが好ましい。非共役オレフィン化合物として、具体的には、エチレン、プロピレン、1-ブテン、1-ペンテン、1-ヘキセン、1-ヘプテン、若しくは1-オクテン等のα-オレフィン、ピバリン酸ビニル、1-フェニルチオエテン、若しくはN-ビニルピロリドン等のヘテロ原子置換アルケン化合物等が挙げられる。
本発明の多元共重合体の単量体としての非共役オレフィン化合物は、得られる多元共重合体の結晶性をより低減し、かかる多元共重合体を用いたゴム組成物及びタイヤ等の耐候性をより向上させる観点から、非環状の非共役オレフィン化合物であることが好ましく、また、当該非環状の非共役オレフィン化合物は、α-オレフィンであることがより好ましく、エチレンを含むα-オレフィンであることが更に好ましく、エチレンのみからなることが特に好ましい。換言すれば、本発明の多元共重合体における非共役オレフィン単位は、非環状の非共役オレフィン単位であることが好ましく、また、当該非環状の非共役オレフィン単位は、α-オレフィン単位であることがより好ましく、エチレン単位を含むα-オレフィン単位であることが更に好ましく、エチレン単位のみからなることが特に好ましい。
非共役オレフィン単位の含有量は、多元共重合体全体の44mol%を超え、97mol%未満である。非共役オレフィン単位の含有量が、多元重合体全体の44mol%以下であると、結果として共役ジエン単位又は芳香族ビニル単位の含有量が増え、耐候性が低下したり、高温での破壊特性(特に破断強度Tb)に劣る。また、非共役オレフィン単位の含有量が97mol%以上であると、結果として共役ジエン単位又は芳香族ビニル単位の含有量が減り、耐候性が低下したり、高温での破壊特性(特に破断伸びEb)に劣る。
非共役オレフィン単位の含有量は、45~95mol%であることが好ましく、55~90mol%であることがより好ましく、65~85mol%であることが更に好ましい。
本発明の多元共重合体は、芳香族ビニル単位を含有する。芳香族ビニル単位は、単量体としての芳香族ビニル化合物に由来する構成単位である。前記芳香族ビニル化合物は、芳香環に直接結合したビニル基を有し、炭素数が8~10であることが好ましい。芳香族ビニル化合物として、具体的には、スチレン、o-メチルスチレン、m-メチルスチレン、p-メチルスチレン、o,p-ジメチルスチレン、o-エチルスチレン、m-エチルスチレン、p-エチルスチレン等が挙げられる。
そして、本発明の多元共重合体の単量体としての芳香族ビニル化合物は、得られる多元共重合体の結晶性をより低減し、かかる多元共重合体を用いたゴム組成物及びタイヤ等の耐候性をより向上させる観点から、スチレンを含むことが好ましく、スチレンのみからなることがより好ましい。換言すれば、本発明の多元共重合体における芳香族ビニル単位は、スチレン単位を含むことが好ましく、スチレン単位のみからなることがより好ましい。
なお、芳香族ビニル単位における芳香環は、隣接する単位と結合しない限り、共重合体の主鎖には含まれない。
芳香族ビニル単位の含有量は、多元共重合体全体の3mol%以上である。芳香族ビニル単位の含有量が3mol%未満であると、高温における破壊特性に劣る。芳香族ビニル単位の含有量は、多元共重合体全体の3~30mol%であることが好ましく、5~25mol%であることがより好ましく、10~20mol%であることが更に好ましい。
本発明の多元共重合体は、少なくとも、一種の共役ジエン単位、一種の非共役オレフィン単位、及び一種の芳香族ビニル単位を含有する多元共重合体である。また、高温での破壊特性、及び耐候性を好ましいものとする観点から、本発明の多元共重合体は、単量体として、一種の共役ジエン化合物、一種の非共役オレフィン化合物、及び一種の芳香族ビニル化合物を少なくとも用いて重合してなる重合体であることが好ましい。
そして、本発明の多元共重合体は、一種の共役ジエン単位、一種の非共役オレフィン単位、及び一種の芳香族ビニル単位のみからなる三元共重合体であることがより好ましく、1,3-ブタジエン単位、エチレン単位、及びスチレン単位のみからなる三元共重合体であることが更に好ましい。ここで、「一種の共役ジエン単位」には、異なる結合様式の共役ジエン単位が包括されていることとする。
更に、本発明の多元共重合体は、以下にその製造方法を記述する通り、一の反応容器で行う合成、即ちワンポット合成が可能であり、簡略化されたプロセスによる製造が可能である。
なお、上述した重量平均分子量及び分子量分布は、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC)により、ポリスチレンを標準物質として求める。
また、本発明の多元共重合体は、共役ジエン単位、非共役オレフィン単位、及び芳香族ビニル単位が直線的に連鎖した構造(直線構造)であってもよいし、共役ジエン単位、非共役オレフィン単位、及び芳香族ビニル単位の少なくともいずれかが分岐鎖を形成して連鎖した構造(分岐構造)であってもよい。なお、本発明の多元共重合体が分岐構造である場合には、分岐鎖も二元又は多元とすることができる(即ち、分岐鎖が、共役ジエン単位、非共役オレフィン単位、及び芳香族ビニル単位のうちの少なくとも2つを含むことができる。)。よって、本発明の多元共重合体の中でも、二元又は多元の分岐鎖を有する分岐構造である多元共重合体は、幹となる鎖と側鎖とが異なる1種類の単位で形成される従来型のグラフト共重合体と明確に区別することができる。
<重合工程>
次に、本発明の多元共重合体の製造方法の例を詳細に説明する。本発明の多元共重合体の製造方法の一例は、共役ジエン化合物と、非共役オレフィン化合物と、芳香族ビニル化合物とを単量体として用いることを前提とするものであり、少なくとも重合工程を含み、更に、必要に応じ、カップリング工程、洗浄工程、その他の工程を適宜含むことができる。
ここで、本発明の多元共重合体の製造においては、触媒存在下で、共役ジエン化合物を添加せずに非共役オレフィン化合物及び芳香族ビニル化合物のみを添加し、これらを重合させることが好ましい。特に後述の重合触媒組成物を使用する場合には、非共役オレフィン化合物及び芳香族ビニル化合物より共役ジエン化合物の方が反応性が高いことから、共役ジエン化合物の存在下で非共役オレフィン化合物及び芳香族ビニル化合物よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを重合させることが困難となりやすい。また、先に共役ジエン化合物を重合させ、後に非共役オレフィン化合物及び芳香族ビニル化合物を付加的に重合させることも、触媒の特性上困難となりやすい。
第1工程において、重合混合物を得るための重合方法としては、溶液重合法、懸濁重合法、液相塊状重合法、乳化重合法、気相重合法、固相重合法等の任意の方法を用いることができる。重合の際に溶媒を用いる場合、かかる溶媒としては、重合において不活性なものであればよく、例えば、トルエン、シクロヘキサノン、ノルマルヘキサン等が例示される。
なお、第1工程において、芳香族ビニル化合物とともに、非共役ジエン化合物を使用してもよい。また、芳香族ビニル化合物の全量を使用してもよく、一部のみを使用してもよい。
なお、第2工程で用いる第2単量体原料が、共役ジエン化合物以外に非共役オレフィン化合物及び芳香族ビニル化合物よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含む場合には、あらかじめこれらの単量体原料を溶媒等とともに混合した後に重合混合物に導入してもよく、各単量体原料を単独の状態から導入してもよい。また、各単量体原料は、同時に添加してもよく、逐次添加してもよい。第2工程において、重合混合物に対して第2単量体原料を導入する方法としては特に制限はないが、各単量体原料の流量を制御して、重合混合物に対して連続的に添加すること(いわゆるミータリング)が好ましい。ここで、重合反応系の条件下で気体である単量体原料(例えば、室温、常圧の条件下における非共役オレフィン化合物としてのエチレン等)を用いる場合には、所定の圧力で重合反応系に導入することができる。
第2工程においては、メタノール、エタノール、2-プロパノール等の重合停止剤を用いて、重合を停止してもよい。
-第一の重合触媒組成物-
第一の重合触媒組成物(以下、「第一重合触媒組成物」ともいう)について説明する。
第一重合触媒組成物としては、
(A1)成分:希土類元素化合物又は該希土類元素化合物とルイス塩基との反応物であって、希土類元素と炭素との結合を有さない、該希土類元素化合物又は反応物と、
(B1)成分:非配位性アニオンとカチオンとからなるイオン性化合物(B1-1)、アルミノキサン(B1-2)、並びにルイス酸、金属ハロゲン化物とルイス塩基との錯化合物及び活性ハロゲンを含む有機化合物のうち少なくとも一種のハロゲン化合物(B1-3)よりなる群から選択される少なくとも一種と、を含む重合触媒組成物が挙げられる。
第一重合触媒組成物が、イオン性化合物(B1-1)及びハロゲン化合物(B1-3)よりなる群から選択される少なくとも一種を含む場合、該重合触媒組成物は、更に、
(C1)成分:下記式(I):
YR1 aR2 bR3 c ・・・ (I)
(式中、Yは、周期律表第1族、第2族、第12族及び第13族から選択される金属であり、R1及びR2は炭素数1~10の一価の炭化水素基又は水素原子であり、R3は炭素数1~10の一価の炭化水素基であり、R1、R2、R3はそれぞれ互いに同一又は異なっていてもよく、また、Yが周期律表第1族から選択される金属である場合には、aは1で且つb及びcは0であり、Yが周期律表第2族及び第12族から選択される金属である場合には、a及びbは1で且つcは0であり、Yが周期律表第13族から選択される金属である場合には、a、b及びcは1である)で表される有機金属化合物を含む。
なお、重合反応系において、第一重合触媒組成物に含まれる(A1)成分の濃度は0.1~0.0001mol/lの範囲であることが好ましい。
更に、該重合触媒組成物は、アニオン性配位子となり得る添加剤(D1)を含有することが好ましい。
なお、ランタノイド元素の具体例としては、ランタン、セリウム、プラセオジム、ネオジム、プロメチウム、サマリウム、ユウロピウム、ガドリニウム、テルビウム、ジスプロシウム、ホルミウム、エルビウム、ツリウム、イッテルビウム、ルテチウムを挙げることができる。なお、上記(A1)成分は、1種単独で用いてもよいし、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
M11X11 2・L11w ・・・ (II)
M11X11 3・L11w ・・・ (III)
(それぞれの式中、M11は、ランタノイド元素、スカンジウム又はイットリウムを示し、X11は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、アルコキシ基、チオラート基、アミノ基、シリル基、アルデヒド残基、ケトン残基、カルボン酸残基、チオカルボン酸残基又はリン化合物残基を示し、L11は、ルイス塩基を示し、wは、0~3を示す)で表されることが好ましい。
M-(NQ1)(NQ2)(NQ3) ・・・(IV)
(式中、Mはランタノイド元素、スカンジウム、イットリウムから選択される少なくとも一種であり、NQ1、NQ2及びNQ3はアミノ基であり、同一であっても異なっていてもよく、但し、M-N結合を有する)
即ち、上記式(IV)で表される化合物は、M-N結合を3つ有することを特徴とする。M-N結合を3つ有することにより、各結合が化学的に等価となるため構造が安定的であり、それゆえに取り扱いが容易である、という利点を有する。
YR1 aR2 bR3 c ・・・ (I)
(式中、Yは、周期律表第1族、第2族、第12族及び第13族から選択される金属であり、R1及びR2は炭素数1~10の一価の炭化水素基又は水素原子であり、R3は炭素数1~10の一価の炭化水素基であり、R1、R2、R3はそれぞれ互いに同一又は異なっていてもよく、また、Yが周期律表第1族から選択される金属である場合には、aは1で且つb及びcは0であり、Yが周期律表第2族及び第12族から選択される金属である場合には、a及びbは1で且つcは0であり、Yが周期律表第13族から選択される金属である場合には、a、b及びcは1である)で表される有機金属化合物であり、下記式(V):
AlR1R2R3 ・・・ (V)
(式中、R1及びR2は炭素数1~10の一価の炭化水素基又は水素原子であり、R3は炭素数1~10の一価の炭化水素基であり、R1、R2、R3はそれぞれ互いに同一又は異なっていてもよい)で表される有機アルミニウム化合物であることが好ましい。
式(V)で表される有機アルミニウム化合物としては、トリメチルアルミニウム、トリエチルアルミニウム、トリ-n-プロピルアルミニウム、トリイソプロピルアルミニウム、トリ-n-ブチルアルミニウム、トリイソブチルアルミニウム、トリ-t-ブチルアルミニウム、トリペンチルアルミニウム、トリヘキシルアルミニウム、トリシクロヘキシルアルミニウム、トリオクチルアルミニウム;水素化ジエチルアルミニウム、水素化ジ-n-プロピルアルミニウム、水素化ジ-n-ブチルアルミニウム、水素化ジイソブチルアルミニウム、水素化ジヘキシルアルミニウム、水素化ジイソヘキシルアルミニウム、水素化ジオクチルアルミニウム、水素化ジイソオクチルアルミニウム;エチルアルミニウムジハイドライド、n-プロピルアルミニウムジハイドライド、イソブチルアルミニウムジハイドライド等が挙げられ、これらの中でも、トリエチルアルミニウム、トリイソブチルアルミニウム、水素化ジエチルアルミニウム、水素化ジイソブチルアルミニウムが好ましい。以上に述べた(C1)成分としての有機アルミニウム化合物は、1種単独で使用することも、2種以上を混合して用いることもできる。なお、上記第一重合触媒組成物における有機アルミニウム化合物の含有量は、(A1)成分に対して1~50倍molであることが好ましく、約10倍molであることがより好ましい。
上記添加剤(D1)としては、(A1)成分のアミノ基と交換可能なものであれば特に限定されないが、OH基、NH基、SH基のいずれかを有することが好ましい。
(式中、R1、R2及びR3はそれぞれ独立して-O-CjH2j+1、-(O-CkH2k-)a-O-CmH2m+1又は-CnH2n+1で表され、j、m及びnはそれぞれ独立して0~12の整数であり、k及びaはそれぞれ独立して1~12の整数であり、R4は炭素数1~12であって、直鎖、分岐、もしくは環状の、飽和もしくは不飽和の、アルキレン基、シクロアルキレン基、シクロアルキルアルキレン基、シクロアルケニルアルキレン基、アルケニレン基、シクロアルケニレン基、シクロアルキルアルケニレン基、シクロアルケニルアルケニレン基、アリーレン基又はアラルキレン基である。)
式(VI)で示されるものの具体例として、3-メルカプトプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-メルカプトプロピルトリエトキシシラン、3-メルカプトプロピルメチルジメトキシシラン、(メルカプトメチル)ジメチルエトキシシラン、メルカプトメチルトリメトキシシラン等が挙げられる。
(式中、Wは-NR8-、-O-又は-CR9R10-(ここで、R8及びR9は-CpH2p+1であり、R10は-CqH2q+1であり、p及びqはそれぞれ独立して0~20の整数である。)で表され、R5及びR6はそれぞれ独立して-M-CrH2r-(ここで、Mは-O-又は-CH2-であり、rは1~20の整数である。)で表され、R7は-O-CjH2j+1、-(O-CkH2k-)a-O-CmH2m+1又は-CnH2n+1 で表され、j、m及びnはそれぞれ独立して0~12の整数であり、k及びaはそれぞれ独立して1~12の整数であり、R4は炭素数1~12であって、直鎖、分岐、もしくは環状の、飽和もしくは不飽和の、アルキレン基、シクロアルキレン基、シクロアルキルアルキレン基、シクロアルケニルアルキレン基、アルケニレン基、シクロアルケニレン基、シクロアルキルアルケニレン基、シクロアルケニルアルケニレン基、アリーレン基又はアラルキレン基である。)
式(VII)で示されるものの具体例として、3-メルカプトプロピル(エトキシ)-1,3-ジオキサ-6-メチルアザ-2-シラシクロオクタン、3-メルカプトプロピル(エトキシ)-1,3-ジオキサ-6-ブチルアザ-2-シラシクロオクタン、3-メルカプトプロピル(エトキシ)-1,3-ジオキサ-6-ドデシルアザ-2-シラシクロオクタンなどが挙げられる。
E1-T1-X-T2-E2 ・・・(VIII)
(Xは、周期律表第15族原子から選択される配位原子を含むアニオン性の電子供与基を示し、E1及びE2はそれぞれ独立して、周期律表第15族及び16族原子から選択される配位原子を含む中性の電子供与基を示し、T1及びT2はそれぞれ、XとE1及びE2を架橋する架橋基を示す)
前記アリーレン基としては、フェニレン基、ナフチレン基、ピリジレン基、チエニレン基が例示され、好ましくはフェニレン基、ナフチレン基である。また、前記アリーレン基のアリール環上には任意の基が置換されていてもよい。該置換基としてはメチル基、エチル基などのアルキル基;フェニル基、トリル基などのアリール基;フルオロ、クロロ、ブロモなどのハロゲン基;トリメチルシリル基などのシリル基などが例示される。
前記アリーレン基として、更に好ましくは1,2-フェニレン基が例示される。
次に、第二の重合触媒組成物(以下、「第二重合触媒組成物」ともいう)について説明する。第二重合触媒組成物としては、下記式(IX):
(式中、Mは、ランタノイド元素、スカンジウム又はイットリウムを示し、CpRは、それぞれ独立して無置換もしくは置換インデニルを示し、Ra~Rfは、それぞれ独立して炭素数1~3のアルキル基又は水素原子を示し、Lは、中性ルイス塩基を示し、wは、0~3の整数を示す。)で表されるメタロセン錯体、及び下記式(X):
(式中、Mは、ランタノイド元素、スカンジウム又はイットリウムを示し、CpRは、それぞれ独立して無置換もしくは置換インデニルを示し、X’は、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、アルコキシ基、チオラート基、アミノ基、シリル基又は炭素数1~20の一価の炭化水素基を示し、Lは、中性ルイス塩基を示し、wは、0~3の整数を示す。)で表されるメタロセン錯体、並びに下記式(XI):
(式中、Mは、ランタノイド元素、スカンジウム又はイットリウムを示し、CpR’は、無置換もしくは置換シクロペンタジエニル、インデニル又はフルオレニルを示し、Xは、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、アルコキシ基、チオラート基、アミノ基、シリル基又は炭素数1~20の一価の炭化水素基を示し、Lは、中性ルイス塩基を示し、wは、0~3の整数を示し、[B]-は、非配位性アニオンを示す。)で表されるハーフメタロセンカチオン錯体よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種類の錯体を含む重合触媒組成物が挙げられる。
なお、重合反応系において、第二重合触媒組成物に含まれる錯体の濃度は0.1~0.0001mol/Lの範囲であることが好ましい。
次に、第三の重合触媒組成物(以下、「第三重合触媒組成物」ともいう)について説明する。
第三の重合触媒組成物としては、希土類元素含有化合物として、下記式(XIII):
RaMXbQYb・・・(XIII)
(式中、Rはそれぞれ独立して無置換もしくは置換インデニルを示し、該RはMに配位しており、Mはランタノイド元素、スカンジウム又はイットリウムを示し、Xはそれぞれ独立して炭素数1~20の一価の炭化水素基を示し、該XはM及びQにμ配位しており、Qは周期律表第13族元素を示し、Yはそれぞれ独立して炭素数1~20の一価の炭化水素基又は水素原子を示し、該YはQに配位しており、a及びbは2である)で表されるメタロセン系複合触媒を含む重合触媒組成物が挙げられる。
上記メタロセン系複合触媒の好適例においては、下記式(XIV):
(式中、M1は、ランタノイド元素、スカンジウム又はイットリウムを示し、CpRは、それぞれ独立して無置換もしくは置換インデニルを示し、RA及びRBは、それぞれ独立して炭素数1~20の一価の炭化水素基を示し、該RA及びRBは、M1及びAlにμ配位しており、RC及びRDは、それぞれ独立して炭素数1~20の一価の炭化水素基又は水素原子を示す)で表されるメタロセン系複合触媒が挙げられる。
上記式(XIII)において、Qは、周期律表第13族元素を示し、具体的には、ホウ素、アルミニウム、ガリウム、インジウム、タリウム等が挙げられる。
上記式(XIII)において、Yはそれぞれ独立して炭素数1~20の一価の炭化水素基又は水素原子を示し、該YはQに配位している。ここで、炭素数1~20の一価の炭化水素基としては、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基、ヘプチル基、オクチル基、デシル基、ドデシル基、トリデシル基、テトラデシル基、ペンタデシル基、ヘキサデシル基、ヘプタデシル基、ステアリル基等が挙げられる。
置換インデニルとして、具体的には、2-フェニルインデニル、2-メチルインデニル等が挙げられる。なお、式(XIV)における二つのCpRは、それぞれ互いに同一でも異なっていてもよい。
上記式(XIV)において、RC及びRDは、それぞれ独立して炭素数1~20の一価の炭化水素基又は水素原子である。ここで、炭素数1~20の一価の炭化水素基としては、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基、ヘプチル基、オクチル基、デシル基、ドデシル基、トリデシル基、テトラデシル基、ペンタデシル基、ヘキサデシル基、ヘプタデシル基、ステアリル基等が挙げられる。
なお、上記メタロセン系複合触媒は、例えば、溶媒中で、下記式(XV):
(式中、M2は、ランタノイド元素、スカンジウム又はイットリウムを示し、CpRは、それぞれ独立して無置換もしくは置換インデニルを示し、RE~RJは、それぞれ独立して炭素数1~3のアルキル基又は水素原子を示し、Lは、中性ルイス塩基を示し、wは、0~3の整数を示す)で表されるメタロセン錯体を、AlRKRLRMで表される有機アルミニウム化合物と反応させることで得られる。なお、反応温度は室温程度にすればよいので、温和な条件で製造することができる。また、反応時間は任意であるが、数時間~数十時間程度である。反応溶媒は特に限定されないが、原料及び生成物を溶解する溶媒であることが好ましく、例えばトルエンやヘキサンを用いればよい。なお、上記メタロセン系複合触媒の構造は、1H-NMRやX線構造解析により決定することが好ましい。
上記式(XV)で表されるメタロセン錯体は、シリルアミド配位子[-N(SiR3)2]を含む。シリルアミド配位子に含まれるR基(RE~RJ基)は、それぞれ独立して炭素数1~3のアルキル基又は水素原子である。また、RE~RJのうち少なくとも一つが水素原子であることが好ましい。RE~RJのうち少なくとも一つを水素原子にすることで、触媒の合成が容易になる。更に、アルキル基としては、メチル基が好ましい。
第四の重合触媒組成物は、希土類元素化合物と、シクロペンタジエン骨格を有する化合物を含む。
第四の重合触媒組成物は、
・希土類元素化合物(以下、「(A2)成分」ともいう)と、
・置換又は無置換のシクロペンタジエン、置換又は無置換のインデン(インデニル基を有する化合物)、及び置換又は無置換のフルオレンよりなる群から選択される化合物(以下、「(B2)成分」ともいう)と、
を含むことを必要とする。
この第四の重合触媒組成物は、
・有機金属化合物(以下、「(C2)成分」ともいう)
・アルミノキサン化合物(以下、「(D2)成分」ともいう)
・ハロゲン化合物(以下、「(E2)成分」ともいう)
を更に含んでもよい。
そして、第四の重合触媒組成物は、芳香族炭化水素を含まないことが好ましい。ここで、芳香族炭化水素としては、例えば、ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン等が挙げられる。
なお、「芳香族炭化水素を含まない」とは、重合触媒組成物に含まれる芳香族炭化水素の割合が0.1質量%未満であることを意味する。
なお、希土類元素含有化合物としては、例えば、スカンジウム、イットリウム、又は原子番号57~71の元素から構成されるランタノイド元素を含有する化合物等が挙げられる。ランタノイド元素とは、具体的には、ランタニウム、セリウム、プラセオジム、ネオジム、プロメチウム、サマリウム、ユウロピウム、ガドリニウム、テルビウム、ジスプロシウム、ホルミニウム、エルビウム、ツリウム、イッテルビウム、ルテチウムである。
また、ルイス塩基としては、例えば、テトラヒドロフラン、ジエチルエーテル、ジメチルアニリン、トリメチルホスフィン、塩化リチウム、中性のオレフィン類、中性のジオレフィン類等が挙げられる。
なお、上記(A2)成分は、1種単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
M-(AQ1)(AQ2)(AQ3) ・・・(1)
(式中、Mは、スカンジウム、イットリウム、ランタノイド元素からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の元素を表し;AQ1、AQ2及びAQ3は、それぞれ同一であっても異なっていてもよい官能基であり、ここで、Aは、窒素、酸素又は硫黄からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を表し;但し、少なくとも1つのM-A結合を有する)
で表される化合物であることが好ましい。
なお、ランタノイド元素とは、具体的には、ランタニウム、セリウム、プラセオジム、ネオジム、プロメチウム、サマリウム、ユウロピウム、ガドリニウム、テルビウム、ジスプロシウム、ホルミニウム、エルビウム、ツリウム、イッテルビウム、ルテチウムである。
上記化合物によれば、反応系における触媒活性を向上させることができ、反応時間を短くし、反応温度を高くすることが可能となる。
上記式(1)中のAが窒素である場合、AQ1、AQ2、及びAQ3(即ち、NQ1、NQ2、及びNQ3)で表される官能基としては、アミノ基等が挙げられる。そして、この場合、3つのM-N結合を有する。
アミノ基としては、例えば、ジメチルアミノ基、ジエチルアミノ基、ジイソプロピルアミノ基等の脂肪族アミノ基;フェニルアミノ基、2,6-ジ-tert-ブチルフェニルアミノ基、2,6-ジイソプロピルフェニルアミノ基、2,6-ジネオペンチルフェニルアミノ基、2-tert-ブチル-6-イソプロピルフェニルアミノ基、2-tert-ブチル-6-ネオペンチルフェニルアミノ基、2-イソプロピル-6-ネオペンチルフェニルアミノ基、2,4,6-トリ-tert-ブチルフェニルアミノ基等のアリールアミノ基;ビストリメチルシリルアミノ基等のビストリアルキルシリルアミノ基が挙げられ、特に、脂肪族炭化水素及び芳香族炭化水素に対する溶解性の観点から、ビストリメチルシリルアミノ基が好ましい。上記アミノ基は、1種単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
また、上記構成とすれば、反応系における触媒活性を更に向上させることができる。そのため、反応時間を更に短くし、反応温度を更に高くすることができる。
(RO)3M・・・(1a)
で表される希土類アルコラート、
下記式(1b)
(R-CO2)3M・・・(1b)
で表される希土類カルボキシレート等が挙げられる。ここで、上記式(1a)及び(1b)の各式中、Rは、同一であっても異なっていてもよく、炭素数1~10のアルキル基である。
なお、(A2)成分としては、希土類元素と炭素との結合を有しないことが好ましいため、上述した式(1a)で表される化合物又は式(1b)で表される化合物を好適に使用できる。
(RS)3M・・・(1c)
で表される希土類アルキルチオラート、
下記式(1d)
(R-CS2)3M・・・(1d)
で表される化合物等が挙げられる。ここで、上記式(1c)及び(1d)の各式中、Rは、同一であっても異なっていてもよく、炭素数1~10のアルキル基を表す。
なお、(A2)成分としては、希土類元素と炭素との結合を有しないことが好ましいため、上述した化合物(1c)又は化合物(1d)を好適に使用できる。
上記(B2)成分の化合物は、1種単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
置換又は無置換のインデンとしては、例えば、インデン、2-フェニル-1H-インデン、3-ベンジル-1H-インデン、3-メチル-2-フェニル-1H-インデン、3-ベンジル-2-フェニル-1H-インデン、1-ベンジル-1H-インデン等が挙げられ、特に、分子量分布を小さくする観点から、3-ベンジル-1H-インデン、1-ベンジル-1H-インデンが好ましい。
置換フルオレンとしては、例えば、トリメチルシリルフルオレン、イソプロピルフルオレン等が挙げられる。
YR4 aR5 bR6 c ・・・(2)
(式中、Yは、周期律表の第1族、第2族、第12族及び第13族の元素からなる群から選択される金属元素であり、R4及びR5は炭素数1~10の一価の炭化水素基又は水素原子であり、R6は炭素数1~10の一価の炭化水素基であり、但し、R4、R5及びR6はそれぞれ互いに同一又は異なっていてもよく、また、Yが第1族の金属元素である場合には、aは1であり且つb及びcは0であり、Yが第2族又は第12族の金属元素である場合には、a及びbは1であり且つcは0であり、Yが第13族の金属元素である場合には、a,b及びcは1である)で表される化合物である。
ここで、触媒活性を高める観点から、式(2)において、R1、R2及びR3は少なくとも1つが異なっていることが好ましい。
AlR7R8R9 ・・・(3)
(式中、R7及びR8は、炭素数1~10の一価の炭化水素基又は水素原子であり、R9は、炭素数1~10の一価の炭化水素基であり、R7、R8及びR9は、同一であっても異なっていてもよい)で表される有機アルミニウム化合物であることが好ましい。
上記有機アルミニウム化合物としては、例えば、トリメチルアルミニウム、トリエチルアルミニウム、トリ-n-プロピルアルミニウム、トリイソプロピルアルミニウム、トリ-n-ブチルアルミニウム、トリイソブチルアルミニウム、トリ-t-ブチルアルミニウム、トリペンチルアルミニウム、トリヘキシルアルミニウム、トリシクロヘキシルアルミニウム、トリオクチルアルミニウム;水素化ジエチルアルミニウム、水素化ジ-n-プロピルアルミニウム、水素化ジ-n-ブチルアルミニウム、水素化ジイソブチルアルミニウム、水素化ジヘキシルアルミニウム、水素化ジイソヘキシルアルミニウム、水素化ジオクチルアルミニウム、水素化ジイソオクチルアルミニウム;エチルアルミニウムジハイドライド、n-プロピルアルミニウムジハイドライド、イソブチルアルミニウムジハイドライド等が挙げられ、トリエチルアルミニウム、トリイソブチルアルミニウム、水素化ジエチルアルミニウム、水素化ジイソブチルアルミニウムが好ましく、水素化ジイソブチルアルミニウムがより好ましい。
上記有機アルミニウム化合物は、1種単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
(D2)成分を用いることによって、重合反応系における触媒活性を更に向上させることができる。そのため、反応時間を更に短くし、反応温度を更に高くすることができる。
縮合剤としては、例えば、水等が挙げられる。
-(Al(R10)O)n- ・・・(4)
(式中、R10は、炭素数1~10の一価の炭化水素基であり、ここで、炭化水素基の一部はハロゲン及び/又はアルコキシ基で置換されてもよく;R10は、繰り返し単位間で同一であっても異なっていてもよく;nは5以上である)で表されるアルミノキサンを挙げることができる。
nは10以上であることが好ましい。
R10の炭化水素基としては、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、イソブチル基等が挙げられ、特に、メチル基が好ましい。上記炭化水素基は、1種単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。Rの炭化水素基としては、メチル基とイソブチル基との組み合わせが好ましい。
ここで、脂肪族炭化水素とは、ヘキサン、シクロヘキサン等が挙げられる。
-(Al(CH3)x(i-C4H9)yO)m- ・・・(5)
(式中、x+yは1であり;mは5以上である)で表される修飾アルミノキサン(以下、「TMAO」ともいう)としてよい。TMAOとしては、例えば、東ソー・ファインケム(株)製の製品名:TMAO341が挙げられる。
-(Al(CH3)0.7(i-C4H9)0.3O)k- ・・・(6)
(式中、kは5以上である)で表される修飾アルミノキサン(以下、「MMAO」ともいう)としてよい。MMAOとしては、例えば、東ソー・ファインケム(株)製の製品名:MMAO-3Aが挙げられる。
-[(CH3)AlO]i- ・・・(7)
(式中、iは5以上である)で表される修飾アルミノキサン(以下、「PMAO」ともいう)としてよい。PMAOとしては、例えば、東ソー・ファインケム(株)製の製品名:TMAO-211が挙げられる。
(E2)成分を用いることによって、共役ジエン重合体のシス-1,4-結合含有量を向上させることができる。
ルイス酸であるハロゲン含有化合物としては、例えば、四塩化チタン、六塩化タングステン、トリ(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレート、メチルアルミニウムジブロマイド、メチルアルミニウムジクロライド、エチルアルミニウムジブロマイド、エチルアルミニウムジクロライド、ブチルアルミニウムジブロマイド、ブチルアルミニウムジクロライド、ジメチルアルミニウムブロマイド、ジメチルアルミニウムクロライド、ジエチルアルミニウムブロマイド、ジエチルアルミニウムクロライド、ジブチルアルミニウムブロマイド、ジブチルアルミニウムクロライド、メチルアルミニウムセスキブロマイド、メチルアルミニウムセスキクロライド、エチルアルミニウムセスキブロマイド、エチルアルミニウムセスキクロライド、アルミニウムトリブロマイド、トリ(ペンタフルオロフェニル)アルミニウム、ジブチル錫ジクロライド、四塩化錫、三塩化リン、五塩化リン、三塩化アンチモン、五塩化アンチモン等が挙げられ、特に、エチルアルミニウムジクロライド、エチルアルミニウムジブロマイド、ジエチルアルミニウムクロライド、ジエチルアルミニウムブロマイド、エチルアルミニウムセスキクロライド、エチルアルミニウムセスキブロマイドが好ましい。
ハロゲンとしては、塩素又は臭素が好ましい。
上記ルイス酸であるハロゲン含有化合物は、1種単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
(E2-2)成分に用いられるルイス塩基としては、リン化合物、カルボニル化合物、窒素化合物、エーテル化合物、アルコールが好ましい。
例えば、リン酸トリブチル、リン酸トリ-2-エチルヘキシル、リン酸トリフェニル、リン酸トリクレジル、トリエチルホスフィン、トリブチルホスフィン、トリフェニルホスフィン、ジエチルホスフィノエタン、ジフェニルホスフィノエタン、アセチルアセトン、ベンゾイルアセトン、プロピオニルアセトン、バレリルアセトン、エチルアセチルアセトン、アセト酢酸メチル、アセト酢酸エチル、アセト酢酸フェニル、マロン酸ジメチル、マロン酸ジエチル、マロン酸ジフェニル、酢酸、オクタン酸、2-エチルヘキサン酸、オレイン酸、ステアリン酸、安息香酸、ナフテン酸、バーサチック酸、トリエチルアミン、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド、テトラヒドロフラン、ジフェニルエーテル、2-エチルヘキシルアルコール、オレイルアルコール、ステアリルアルコール、フェノール、ベンジルアルコール、1-デカノール、ラウリルアルコール等が挙げられ、特に、リン酸トリ-2-エチルヘキシル、リン酸トリクレジル、アセチルアセトン、2-エチルヘキサン酸、バーサチック酸、2-エチルヘキシルアルコール、1-デカノール、ラウリルアルコールが好ましい。
上記ルイス塩基のモル数は、上記金属ハロゲン化物1モルに対して、好ましくは0.01~30モル、より好ましくは0.5~10モルの割合で反応させる。このルイス塩基との反応物を使用すると、ポリマー中に残存する金属を低減することができる。
(B2)成分(置換又は無置換のシクロペンタジエン、置換又は無置換のインデン、及び置換又は無置換のフルオレンよりなる群から選択される化合物)の(A2)成分(希土類元素化合物)に対するモルにおける割合は、触媒活性を十分に得る観点から、0超であることが好ましく、0.5以上であることがより好ましく、1以上であることが更に好ましく、触媒活性の低下を抑制する観点から、3以下であることが好ましく、2.5以下であることがより好ましく、2.2以下であることが更に好ましい。
そのため、上記範囲によれば、共役ジエン重合体のシス-1,4-結合含有量を向上させる効果を高めることができる。
なお、「イオン性化合物を含まない」とは、重合触媒組成物に含まれるイオン性化合物の割合が0.01質量%未満であることを意味する。
カップリング工程は、前記重合工程において得られた多元共重合体の高分子鎖の少なくとも一部(例えば、末端)を変性する反応(カップリング反応)を行う工程である。
前記カップリング工程において、重合反応が100%に達した際にカップリング反応を行うことが好ましい。
前記カップリング反応に用いるカップリング剤としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、ビス(マレイン酸-1-オクタデシル)ジオクチルスズ(IV)等のスズ含有化合物;4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート等のイソシアネート化合物;グリシジルプロピルトリメトキシシラン等のアルコキシシラン化合物、などが挙げられる。これらは、1種単独で使用してもよいし、2種以上を併用してもよい。
これらの中でも、ビス(マレイン酸-1-オクタデシル)ジオクチルスズ(IV)が、反応効率と低ゲル生成の点で、好ましい。
なお、カップリング反応を行うことにより、数平均分子量(Mn)の増加を行うことができる。
洗浄工程は、前記重合工程において得られた多元共重合体を洗浄する工程である。なお、洗浄に用いる媒体としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、メタノール、エタノール、2-プロパノールなどが挙げられるが、重合触媒としてルイス酸由来の触媒を使用する際は、特にこれらの溶媒に対して酸(たとえば塩酸、硫酸、硝酸)を加えて使用することができる。添加する酸の量は溶媒に対して15mol%以下が好ましい。これ以上では酸が多元共重合体中に残存してしまうことで混練及び加硫時の反応に悪影響を及ぼす可能性がある。
この洗浄工程により、多元共重合体中の触媒残渣量を好適に低下させることができる。
本発明のゴム組成物は、少なくとも本発明の多元共重合体を含み、更に必要に応じて、充填剤、架橋剤、その他のゴム成分等を含むことができる。
その他のゴム成分としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、ポリイソプレン、ブタジエンゴム(BR)、アクリロニトリル-ブタジエンゴム(NBR)、クロロプレンゴム、エチレン-プロピレンゴム(EPM)、エチレン-プロピレン-非共役ジエンゴム(EPDM)、多硫化ゴム、シリコーンゴム、フッ素ゴム、ウレタンゴム等が挙げられる。これらは、1種単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を混合して用いてもよい。
本発明の多元共重合体と、その他のゴム成分とを合計した、ゴム成分全体に対する多元重合体の含有量は、ゴム成分全体の4質量%以上であることが好ましく、5質量%以上であることがより好ましく、10質量%以上であることが更に好ましく、40質量%以上であることが特に好ましい。50質量%以上であることがより更に好ましく、60質量%以上であることがより特に好ましく、ゴム成分の全体、即ち、100質量%が本発明の多元共重合体であることが最も好ましい。
また、前記カーボンブラックの窒素吸着比表面積(N2SA、JIS K 6217-2:2001に準拠して測定する)としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、20~100m2/gが好ましく、35~80m2/gがより好ましい。前記カーボンブラックの窒素吸着比表面積(N2SA)が20m2/g以上であることにより、得られるゴム組成物の耐久性が向上し、十分な耐亀裂成長性が得られ、また、100m2/g以下であることにより、低ロス性の大幅な低下を回避しつつ、良好な作業性を保持することができる。
前記架橋剤の含有量としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、ゴム成分100質量部に対し、0.1~20質量部が好ましい。架橋剤の含有量が0.1質量部以上であると、好適に架橋が進行し、一方、20質量部以下であると、混練り中の架橋の進行が抑制され、良好な架橋物の物性が得られるので好ましい。
また、本発明のゴム組成物を架橋することにより、架橋ゴム組成物を得ることができる。前記架橋の条件としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、温度120~200℃、加温時間1分間~900分間とすることが好ましい。かかる架橋ゴム組成物は、ゴム成分の単量体の一つとして共役ジエン化合物を用いているため、EPDMのような非共役ジエン化合物を単量体の一つとする重合体を用いた場合に比べ、架橋特性が良好であり、従って機械特性がより高い。
本発明のタイヤは、本発明のゴム組成物を用いたものである限り、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができる。かかるタイヤは、本発明の多元共重合体を含むゴム組成物を用いているため、高い作業性をもって製造することができる上、高温での破壊特性に優れ、且つ、耐久性及び耐候性が高い。タイヤにおける本発明のゴム組成物の適用部位としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、トレッド、ベーストレッド、サイドウォール、サイド補強ゴム及びビードフィラーなどが挙げられる。これらの中でも、本発明のゴム組成物をトレッドに用いることが、耐久性の観点で有利である。
前記タイヤを製造する方法としては、慣用の方法を用いることができる。例えば、タイヤ成形用ドラム上に未加硫ゴム組成物及びコードよりなる群から選択される少なくとも1つからなるカーカス層、ベルト層、トレッド層等の通常タイヤ製造に用いられる部材を順次貼り重ね、ドラムを抜き去ってグリーンタイヤとする。次いで、このグリーンタイヤを常法に従って加熱加硫することにより、所望のタイヤ(例えば、空気入りタイヤ)を製造することができる。
本発明のゴム組成物は、タイヤ用途以外にも、防振ゴム、免震ゴム、コンベアベルト等のベルト、ゴムクローラ、各種ホースなどに用いることができる。
十分に乾燥した1,000mL耐圧ステンレス反応器に、スチレン40gとトルエン600mLを加えた。
窒素雰囲気下のグローブボックス中で、ガラス製容器にモノ(ビス(1,3-tert-ブチルジメチルシリル)インデニル)ビス(ビス(ジメチルシリル)アミド)ガドリニウム錯体(1,3-[(t-Bu)Me2Si]2C9H5Gd[N(SiHMe2)2]2)0.25mmol、ジメチルアニリニウムテトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレート[Me2NHPhB(C6F5)4]0.275mmol、及びジイソブチルアルミニウムハイドライド1.4mmolを仕込み、トルエン40mLを加えて触媒溶液とした。
その触媒溶液を前記耐圧ステンレス反応器に加え、70℃に加温した。
次いで、エチレンを圧力1.5MPaでその耐圧ステンレス反応器に投入し、更に1,3-ブタジエン5gを含むトルエン溶液50mLを3時間かけてその耐圧ステンレス反応器に投入し、70℃で計4時間共重合を行った。
次いで、2,2’-メチレン-ビス(4-エチル-6-t-ブチルフェノール)(NS-5)5質量%のイソプロパノール溶液1mLをその耐圧ステンレス反応器に加えて反応を停止させた。
次いで、大量のメタノールを用いて共重合体を分離し、50℃で真空乾燥し、共重合体Aを得た。
十分に乾燥した1,000mL耐圧ステンレス反応器に、スチレン220gとトルエン700mLを加えた。
窒素雰囲気下のグローブボックス中で、ガラス製容器にモノ(ビス(1,3-tert-ブチルジメチルシリル)インデニル)ビス(ビス(ジメチルシリル)アミド)ガドリニウム錯体(1,3-[(t-Bu)Me2Si]2C9H5Gd[N(SiHMe2)2]2)0.3mmol、ジメチルアニリニウムテトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレート[Me2NHPhB(C6F5)4]0.33mmol及びジイソブチルアルミニウムハイドライド1.4mmolを仕込み、トルエン40mLを加えて触媒溶液とした。
その触媒溶液を前記耐圧ステンレス反応器に加え、70℃に加温した。
次いで、エチレンを圧力1.4MPaでその耐圧ステンレス反応器に投入し、更に1,3-ブタジエン1.5gを含むトルエン溶液60mLを7時間かけてその耐圧ステンレス反応器に投入し、70℃で計8時間共重合を行った。
次いで、2,2’-メチレン-ビス(4-エチル-6-t-ブチルフェノール)(NS-5)5質量%のイソプロパノール溶液1mLをその耐圧ステンレス反応器に加えて反応を停止させた。
次いで、大量のメタノールを用いて共重合体を分離し、50℃で真空乾燥し、共重合体Bを得た。
十分に乾燥した1,000mL耐圧ステンレス反応器に、スチレン160gとトルエン600mLを加えた。
窒素雰囲気下のグローブボックス中で、ガラス製容器にモノ(ビス(1,3-tert-ブチルジメチルシリル)インデニル)ビス(ビス(ジメチルシリル)アミド)ガドリニウム錯体(1,3-[(t-Bu)Me2Si]2C9H5Gd[N(SiHMe2)2]2)0.25mmol、ジメチルアニリニウムテトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレート[Me2NHPhB(C6F5)4]0.275mmol、及びジイソブチルアルミニウムハイドライド1.1mmolを仕込み、トルエン40mLを加えて触媒溶液とした。
その触媒溶液を前記耐圧ステンレス反応器に加え、70℃に加温した。
次いで、エチレンを圧力1.5MPaでその耐圧ステンレス反応器に投入し、更に1,3-ブタジエン20gを含むトルエン溶液80mLを8時間かけてその耐圧ステンレス反応器に投入し、70℃で計8.5時間共重合を行った。
次いで、2,2’-メチレン-ビス(4-エチル-6-t-ブチルフェノール)(NS-5)5質量%のイソプロパノール溶液1mLをその耐圧ステンレス反応器に加えて反応を停止させた。
次いで、大量のメタノールを用いて共重合体を分離し、50℃で真空乾燥し、共重合体Cを得た。
十分に乾燥した1,000mL耐圧ステンレス反応器に、スチレン160gとトルエン400mLを加えた。
窒素雰囲気下のグローブボックス中で、ガラス製容器にモノ(ビス(1,3-tert-ブチルジメチルシリル)インデニル)ビス(ビス(ジメチルシリル)アミド)ガドリニウム錯体(1,3-[(t-Bu)Me2Si]2C9H5Gd[N(SiHMe2)2]2)0.17mmol、ジメチルアニリニウムテトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレート[Me2NHPhB(C6F5)4]0.187mmol、及びジイソブチルアルミニウムハイドライド1.4mmolを仕込み、トルエン40mLを加えて触媒溶液とした。
その触媒溶液を前記耐圧ステンレス反応器に加え、70℃に加温した。
次いで、エチレンを圧力1.5MPaでその耐圧ステンレス反応器に投入し、更に1,3-ブタジエン30gを含むトルエン溶液150mLを30分間かけて、その耐圧ステンレス反応器に投入し、70℃にて6時間分間共重合を行った。その後1,3-ブタジエン30gを含むトルエン溶液150mLを30分間かけてその耐圧ステンレス反応器に投入し、更に70℃で1時間共重合を行った。
次いで、2,2’-メチレン-ビス(4-エチル-6-t-ブチルフェノール)(NS-5)5質量%のイソプロパノール溶液1mLをその耐圧ステンレス反応器に加えて反応を停止させた。
次いで、大量のメタノールを用いて共重合体を分離し、50℃で真空乾燥し、共重合体Dを得た。
十分に乾燥した1,000mL耐圧ステンレス反応器に、スチレン240gとトルエン600mLを加えた。
窒素雰囲気下のグローブボックス中で、ガラス製容器にモノ(ビス(1,3-tert-ブチルジメチルシリル)インデニル)ビス(ビス(ジメチルシリル)アミド)ガドリニウム錯体(1,3-[(t-Bu)Me2Si]2C9H5Gd[N(SiHMe2)2]2)0.5mmol、ジメチルアニリニウムテトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレート[Me2NHPhB(C6F5)4]0.55mmol、及びジイソブチルアルミニウムハイドライド1.7mmolを仕込み、トルエン70mLを加えて触媒溶液とした。
その触媒溶液を前記耐圧ステンレス反応器に加え、70℃に加温した。
次いで、エチレンを圧力1.4MPaでその耐圧ステンレス反応器に投入し、更に1,3-ブタジエン3gを含むトルエン溶液60mLを8時間かけてその耐圧ステンレス反応器に投入し、70℃で計8.5時間共重合を行った。
次いで、2,2’-メチレン-ビス(4-エチル-6-t-ブチルフェノール)(NS-5)5質量%のイソプロパノール溶液1mLをその耐圧ステンレス反応器に加えて反応を停止させた。
次いで、大量のメタノールを用いて共重合体を分離し、50℃で真空乾燥し、共重合体Eを得た。
十分に乾燥した1,000mL耐圧ステンレス反応器に、スチレン160gとトルエン600mLを加えた。
窒素雰囲気下のグローブボックス中で、ガラス製容器にモノ(ビス(1,3-tert-ブチルジメチルシリル)インデニル)ビス(ビス(ジメチルシリル)アミド)ガドリニウム錯体(1,3-[(t-Bu)Me2Si]2C9H5Gd[N(SiHMe2)2]2)0.25mmol、ジメチルアニリニウムテトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレート[Me2NHPhB(C6F5)4]0.275mmol、及びジイソブチルアルミニウムハイドライド1.1mmolを仕込み、トルエン40mLを加えて触媒溶液とした。
その触媒溶液を前記耐圧ステンレス反応器に加え、70℃に加温した。
次いで、エチレンを圧力1.5MPaでその耐圧ステンレス反応器に投入し、更にイソプレン10gを含むトルエン溶液50mLを7時間かけてその耐圧ステンレス反応器に投入し、70℃で計8時間共重合を行った。
次いで、2,2’-メチレン-ビス(4-エチル-6-t-ブチルフェノール)(NS-5)5質量%のイソプロパノール溶液1mLをその耐圧ステンレス反応器に加えて反応を停止させた。
次いで、大量のメタノールを用いて共重合体を分離し、50℃で真空乾燥し、共重合体Fを得た。
共重合体Aの製造方法において、スチレン10gにしたこと以外は、共重合体Aの製造と同様の方法で重合を行ったところ、共重合体aを得た。
共重合体Bの製造方法において、1,3-ブタジエンを加えなかったこと以外は、共重合体Bの製造と同様の方法で重合を行ったところ、共重合体bを得た。
十分に乾燥した1,000mL耐圧ステンレス反応器に、スチレン80gとトルエン300mLを加えた。
窒素雰囲気下のグローブボックス中で、ガラス製容器にモノ(ビス(1,3-tert-ブチルジメチルシリル)インデニル)ビス(ビス(ジメチルシリル)アミド)ガドリニウム錯体(1,3-[(t-Bu)Me2Si]2C9H5Gd[N(SiHMe2)2]2)0.25mmol、ジメチルアニリニウムテトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレート[Me2NHPhB(C6F5)4]0.275mmol、及びジイソブチルアルミニウムハイドライド1.2mmolを仕込み、トルエン40mLを加えて触媒溶液とした。
その触媒溶液を前記耐圧ステンレス反応器に加え、70℃に加温した。
次いで、エチレンを圧力1.5MPaでその耐圧ステンレス反応器に投入し、更に1,3-ブタジエン100gを含むトルエン溶液500mLを4時間かけてその耐圧ステンレス反応器に投入し、70℃で計5時間共重合を行った。
次いで、2,2’-メチレン-ビス(4-エチル-6-t-ブチルフェノール)(NS-5)5質量%のイソプロパノール溶液1mLをその耐圧ステンレス反応器に加えて反応を停止させた。
次いで、大量のメタノールを用いて共重合体を分離し、50℃で真空乾燥し、共重合体cを得た。
<エチレン、スチレン、ブタジエン、イソプレンの含有率>
共重合体中のエチレン、スチレン、ブタジエン、イソプレン部分の含有率(mol%)を1H-NMRスペクトル(100℃、d-テトラクロロエタン標準:6ppm)各ピークの積分比より求めた。
共重合体中のスチレン由来の芳香族水素(5H:7.4-6.4ppm)、1,4-ブタジエン結合由来のオレフィン水素(2H:5.3-5.5ppm)又は1,4-イソプレン結合由来のオレフィン水素(1H:4.9-5.2ppm)、及びイソプレン由来のアリル水素それぞれの脂肪族水素(スチレン(3H)+ブタジエン(4H)又はイソプレン(7H)+エチレン(1H):1.4-2.4ppm)の積分比より求めた。それぞれの計算値を表1に示す。
得られた共重合体A~F、a~cについてそれぞれ測定した13C-NMRスペクトルにおいて、三~五員脂環式構造に由来するピークの存在を確認した。測定には、ヘキサクロロブタジエンを溶媒として用いた。
得られた13C-NMRスペクトルには、三~五員脂環式構造を形成する炭素に由来するピーク(10~24ppm)が存在しなかった。このようにして、合成した共重合体の主鎖が非環状構造のみからなることを確認することができた。
表2に示す配合処方のゴム配合物を調製し、160℃で30分間加硫して得た加硫ゴムに対し、下記の方法に従って、耐オゾン性、高温破壊特性を測定した。その結果を表3及び表4に示す。
なお、表3及び表4中の比較例1及びその他実施例と比較例のブレンドで用いたSBRは、JSR社製#1500を使用し、比較例2で用いたEPDMはJSR社製EP35を使用した。
1)アロマチックオイル:富士興産(株)製、商標「アロマックス#3」
2)シリカ:東ソー・シリカ(株)製、商標「ニプシルAQ」
3)シランカップリング剤:ビス(3-トリエトキシシリルプロピル)テトラスルフィド、デグサ社製、商標「Si69」
4)老化防止剤:N-(1,3-ジメチルブチル)-N’-フェニル-p-フェニレンジアミン、精工化学(株)製、商標「オゾノン6C」
5)加硫促進剤DPG:ジフェニルグアニジン、大内新興化学工業(株)製、商標「ノクセラーD」
6)加硫促進剤CZ:N-シクロヘキシル-2-ベンゾチアゾリルスルフェンアミド、大内新興化学(株)製、商標「ノクセラーCZ-G」
7)加硫促進剤DM:ジ-2-ベンゾチアゾリルジスルフィド、大内新興化学(株)製、商標「ノクセラーDM-P」
JIS K 6259:2004に準拠して、得られた加硫ゴムの耐オゾン性を測定した。
短冊状試験片に30%の静的伸張を与えながら、40℃、オゾン濃度50pphm条件で暴露し、48時間後の試験片の状況(亀裂の有無)を目視で判断した。
JIS K 6251:2010に準拠して、高温(100℃)で引っ張り試験を行い、破断強度(Tb)及び破断伸び(Eb)を測定した。比較例1の測定値を100として、各ゴム組成物の測定値を指数表示した。指数値が大きい程、高温破壊特性が良好であり、耐破壊性能に優れることを示す。
また、共役ジエン単位、非共役オレフィン単位、及び芳香族ビニル単位を有していても、芳香族ビニル単位又は非共役オレフィン単位の含有量が、本願発明の範囲を満たさない場合には、優れた性能が得られないことが分かった。
Claims (13)
- 共役ジエン単位と、非共役オレフィン単位と、芳香族ビニル単位とを含有する多元共重合体であって、
主鎖が非環状構造のみからなり、
芳香族ビニル単位の含有量が、多元共重合体全体の3mol%以上であり、
非共役オレフィン単位の含有量が、多元共重合体全体の44mol%を超え、97mol%未満であることを特徴とする、
多元共重合体。 - 前記芳香族ビニル単位の含有量が、多元共重合体全体の30mol%以下である、請求項1に記載の多元共重合体。
- 前記共役ジエン単位の含有量が、多元共重合体全体の1mol%以上である、請求項1又は2に記載の多元共重合体。
- 前記共役ジエン単位の含有量が、多元共重合体全体の40mol%以下である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の多元共重合体。
- 前記非共役オレフィン単位が、エチレン単位のみからなる、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の多元共重合体。
- 前記芳香族ビニル単位が、スチレン単位を含む、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の多元共重合体。
- 前記共役ジエン単位が、1,3-ブタジエン単位及びイソプレン単位よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含む、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の多元共重合体。
- 1,3-ブタジエン単位、エチレン単位、及びスチレン単位のみからなる三元共重合体である、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の多元共重合体。
- 前記共役ジエン単位におけるシス1,4-結合含有量が50%以上である、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の多元共重合体。
- 請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の多元共重合体を含有することを特徴とする、ゴム組成物。
- 請求項10に記載のゴム組成物を架橋したことを特徴とする、架橋ゴム組成物。
- 請求項10に記載のゴム組成物又は請求項11に記載の架橋ゴム組成物を用いたことを特徴とする、ゴム製品。
- 請求項10に記載のゴム組成物又は請求項11に記載の架橋ゴム組成物を用いたことを特徴とする、タイヤ。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2017545501A JP6780827B2 (ja) | 2015-10-16 | 2016-10-14 | 多元共重合体、ゴム組成物、架橋ゴム組成物、ゴム製品、及びタイヤ |
EP16855552.2A EP3363824B1 (en) | 2015-10-16 | 2016-10-14 | Multicomponent copolymer, rubber composition, cross-linked rubber composition, rubber product, and tire |
US15/766,580 US11021595B2 (en) | 2015-10-16 | 2016-10-14 | Multicomponent copolymer, rubber composition, cross-linked rubber composition, rubber product, and tire |
CN201680060000.8A CN108137746B (zh) | 2015-10-16 | 2016-10-14 | 多元共聚物、橡胶组合物、交联橡胶组合物、橡胶制品和轮胎 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2015204476 | 2015-10-16 | ||
JP2015-204476 | 2015-10-16 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2017065299A1 true WO2017065299A1 (ja) | 2017-04-20 |
Family
ID=58518164
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2016/080614 WO2017065299A1 (ja) | 2015-10-16 | 2016-10-14 | 多元共重合体、ゴム組成物、架橋ゴム組成物、ゴム製品、及びタイヤ |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11021595B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3363824B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6780827B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN108137746B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2017065299A1 (ja) |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2018092733A1 (ja) * | 2016-11-21 | 2018-05-24 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 多元共重合体、ゴム組成物、架橋ゴム組成物及びゴム製品 |
WO2019111495A1 (ja) * | 2017-12-05 | 2019-06-13 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 共重合体、ゴム組成物、樹脂組成物、タイヤ及び樹脂製品 |
WO2019116659A1 (ja) * | 2017-12-13 | 2019-06-20 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 防振ゴム組成物及び防振ゴム |
WO2019163835A1 (ja) * | 2018-02-22 | 2019-08-29 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | ゴム組成物、タイヤ、コンベヤベルト、ゴムクローラ、防振装置、免震装置及びホース |
WO2020054484A1 (ja) * | 2018-09-14 | 2020-03-19 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 変性多元共重合体、ゴム組成物、樹脂組成物、タイヤ及び樹脂製品 |
WO2020162366A1 (ja) | 2019-02-05 | 2020-08-13 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 樹脂組成物及び樹脂製品 |
CN111630098A (zh) * | 2018-01-23 | 2020-09-04 | 株式会社普利司通 | 橡胶组合物、轮胎、输送带、橡胶履带、防振装置、隔震装置以及软管 |
JP2020158637A (ja) * | 2019-03-27 | 2020-10-01 | バンドー化学株式会社 | 架橋ゴム組成物及びそれを用いたゴム製品 |
WO2020241683A1 (ja) * | 2019-05-31 | 2020-12-03 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 樹脂成型体、タイヤ、自動車用部品、及び樹脂組成物 |
CN112105688A (zh) * | 2018-05-08 | 2020-12-18 | 株式会社普利司通 | 硫化橡胶组合物、轮胎胎面和轮胎 |
WO2021079564A1 (ja) * | 2019-10-23 | 2021-04-29 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | タイヤ |
EP3725841A4 (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2021-08-18 | Bridgestone Corporation | COMPOSITION OF RUBBER, PNEUMATIC, CONVEYOR BELT, RUBBER TRACK, VIBRATION DAMPING DEVICE, SEISMIC ISOLATOR, AND FLEXIBLE HOSE |
JP7491906B2 (ja) | 2019-04-12 | 2024-05-28 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | ポリイソプレン、ゴム組成物及びタイヤ |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3363831B1 (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2023-02-01 | Bridgestone Corporation | Multi-component copolymer, rubber composition, crosslinked rubber composition, rubber product and tire |
WO2017065301A1 (ja) * | 2015-10-16 | 2017-04-20 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 多元共重合体、ゴム組成物、架橋ゴム組成物、ゴム製品、及びタイヤ |
WO2020208902A1 (ja) * | 2019-04-12 | 2020-10-15 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | ポリイソプレンの製造方法 |
JP7260413B2 (ja) * | 2019-06-21 | 2023-04-18 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 共重合体の製造方法 |
JP7533139B2 (ja) * | 2020-11-11 | 2024-08-14 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | タイヤ |
JP7643038B2 (ja) | 2020-12-25 | 2025-03-11 | ブリヂストンスポーツ株式会社 | ゴルフボールコア用ゴム組成物及びゴルフボール |
JP2022102021A (ja) | 2020-12-25 | 2022-07-07 | ブリヂストンスポーツ株式会社 | ゴルフボールコア用ゴム組成物及びゴルフボール |
JP7632023B2 (ja) | 2021-04-19 | 2025-02-19 | ブリヂストンスポーツ株式会社 | ゴルフボール用材料及びゴルフボール |
JP2022182296A (ja) | 2021-05-28 | 2022-12-08 | ブリヂストンスポーツ株式会社 | ゴルフボール用材料、その製造方法及びゴルフボール |
Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH08244179A (ja) * | 1995-03-09 | 1996-09-24 | Shinnitsuka Polymer Kk | 透明ゴム変性スチレン系樹脂シート |
JPH09291121A (ja) * | 1996-04-26 | 1997-11-11 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | ブテン・ブタジエン共重合体、その製造方法及び加硫ゴム |
JPH1135810A (ja) * | 1997-07-18 | 1999-02-09 | Mitsui Chem Inc | α−オレフィン/共役ジエン系共重合体組成物 |
JPH1135744A (ja) * | 1997-07-18 | 1999-02-09 | Mitsui Chem Inc | α−オレフィン/共役ジエン系共重合体組成物 |
JPH1180269A (ja) * | 1997-07-18 | 1999-03-26 | Mitsui Chem Inc | 不飽和性共重合体、その製造方法および該共重合体系組成物 |
JP2005220313A (ja) * | 2004-02-09 | 2005-08-18 | Sumitomo Rubber Ind Ltd | ゴム組成物およびそれを用いたタイヤ |
WO2006004068A1 (ja) * | 2004-07-02 | 2006-01-12 | Riken | メタロセン錯体を含む重合触媒組成物、およびそれを用いて製造される重合体 |
WO2007129670A1 (ja) * | 2006-05-09 | 2007-11-15 | Riken | メタロセン錯体、およびそれを含む重合触媒組成物 |
WO2012014455A1 (ja) * | 2010-07-30 | 2012-02-02 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 共役ジエン化合物と非共役オレフィンとの共重合体、ゴム組成物、架橋ゴム組成物、及びタイヤ |
WO2015190072A1 (ja) * | 2014-06-12 | 2015-12-17 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 多元共重合体、ゴム組成物及びタイヤ |
WO2015190073A1 (ja) * | 2014-06-12 | 2015-12-17 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 多元共重合体の製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0635520B2 (ja) * | 1984-09-03 | 1994-05-11 | 旭化成工業株式会社 | 熱可塑性高弾性エラストマ−の組成物 |
CA2127926C (en) * | 1993-07-14 | 1997-09-23 | Masaaki Kawasaki | Higher .alpha.-olefin copolymer, process for the preparation of the same, rubber composition comprising the same, and rubber molded product comprising the same |
FR2743564A1 (fr) * | 1996-01-11 | 1997-07-18 | Michelin & Cie | Compositions de caoutchouc pour enveloppes de pneumatiques a base de silices contenant un additif de renforcement a base d'un polyorganosiloxane fonctionnalise et d'un compose organosilane . |
DE69813958T2 (de) * | 1997-07-18 | 2004-03-11 | Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. | Ungesättigte Copolymere, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und Mischungen, die diese enthalten |
KR100323116B1 (ko) | 1997-07-18 | 2002-11-04 | 미쓰이 가가쿠 가부시키가이샤 | 불포화엘라스토머조성물및그의가황고무 |
EP0892014A1 (en) | 1997-07-18 | 1999-01-20 | Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. | Olefin thermoplastic elastomer composition |
JPH11228751A (ja) | 1997-07-18 | 1999-08-24 | Mitsui Chem Inc | オレフィン系熱可塑性エラストマー組成物 |
FR2799468B1 (fr) * | 1999-10-12 | 2006-04-28 | Michelin Soc Tech | Systeme catalytique utilisable pour la copolymerisation de l'ethylene et d'un diene conjugue, procede de preparation de ce systeme catalytique et d'un copolymere d'ethylene et d'un diene conjugue |
WO2003046020A1 (en) * | 2001-11-27 | 2003-06-05 | Bridgestone Corporation | Conjugated diene polymer, process for its production and rubber compositions containing the same |
US6800689B2 (en) * | 2002-03-20 | 2004-10-05 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Process for producing polymer rubber and oil extended polymer rubber |
FR2858817B1 (fr) * | 2003-08-13 | 2006-02-03 | Michelin Soc Tech | Systeme catalytique pour l'obtention de copolymeres diene(s) conjugue(s)/ mono-olefine(s) et ces copolymeres |
EP1535959B1 (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2012-09-05 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Rubber composition for a tire and tire using the same |
JP5918132B2 (ja) * | 2010-07-30 | 2016-05-18 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 共役ジエン化合物と非共役オレフィンとの共重合体、ゴム組成物、架橋ゴム組成物、及びタイヤ |
SG192211A1 (en) * | 2011-02-04 | 2013-09-30 | Bridgestone Corp | Copolymer, rubber composition, rubber composition for tire side use, crosslinked rubber composition and tire |
SG11201608002PA (en) * | 2014-04-08 | 2016-11-29 | Asahi Chemical Ind | Composition and surface protection film |
-
2016
- 2016-10-14 JP JP2017545501A patent/JP6780827B2/ja active Active
- 2016-10-14 WO PCT/JP2016/080614 patent/WO2017065299A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2016-10-14 US US15/766,580 patent/US11021595B2/en active Active
- 2016-10-14 EP EP16855552.2A patent/EP3363824B1/en active Active
- 2016-10-14 CN CN201680060000.8A patent/CN108137746B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH08244179A (ja) * | 1995-03-09 | 1996-09-24 | Shinnitsuka Polymer Kk | 透明ゴム変性スチレン系樹脂シート |
JPH09291121A (ja) * | 1996-04-26 | 1997-11-11 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | ブテン・ブタジエン共重合体、その製造方法及び加硫ゴム |
JPH1135810A (ja) * | 1997-07-18 | 1999-02-09 | Mitsui Chem Inc | α−オレフィン/共役ジエン系共重合体組成物 |
JPH1135744A (ja) * | 1997-07-18 | 1999-02-09 | Mitsui Chem Inc | α−オレフィン/共役ジエン系共重合体組成物 |
JPH1180269A (ja) * | 1997-07-18 | 1999-03-26 | Mitsui Chem Inc | 不飽和性共重合体、その製造方法および該共重合体系組成物 |
JP2005220313A (ja) * | 2004-02-09 | 2005-08-18 | Sumitomo Rubber Ind Ltd | ゴム組成物およびそれを用いたタイヤ |
WO2006004068A1 (ja) * | 2004-07-02 | 2006-01-12 | Riken | メタロセン錯体を含む重合触媒組成物、およびそれを用いて製造される重合体 |
WO2007129670A1 (ja) * | 2006-05-09 | 2007-11-15 | Riken | メタロセン錯体、およびそれを含む重合触媒組成物 |
WO2012014455A1 (ja) * | 2010-07-30 | 2012-02-02 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 共役ジエン化合物と非共役オレフィンとの共重合体、ゴム組成物、架橋ゴム組成物、及びタイヤ |
WO2015190072A1 (ja) * | 2014-06-12 | 2015-12-17 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 多元共重合体、ゴム組成物及びタイヤ |
WO2015190073A1 (ja) * | 2014-06-12 | 2015-12-17 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 多元共重合体の製造方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP3363824A4 * |
Cited By (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11142606B2 (en) | 2016-11-21 | 2021-10-12 | Bridgestone Corporation | Multicomponent copolymer, rubber composition, crosslinked rubber composition and rubber product |
JPWO2018092733A1 (ja) * | 2016-11-21 | 2019-10-17 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 多元共重合体、ゴム組成物、架橋ゴム組成物及びゴム製品 |
WO2018092733A1 (ja) * | 2016-11-21 | 2018-05-24 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 多元共重合体、ゴム組成物、架橋ゴム組成物及びゴム製品 |
JP2019099721A (ja) * | 2017-12-05 | 2019-06-24 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 共重合体、ゴム組成物、樹脂組成物、タイヤ及び樹脂製品 |
WO2019111495A1 (ja) * | 2017-12-05 | 2019-06-13 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 共重合体、ゴム組成物、樹脂組成物、タイヤ及び樹脂製品 |
EP3725841A4 (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2021-08-18 | Bridgestone Corporation | COMPOSITION OF RUBBER, PNEUMATIC, CONVEYOR BELT, RUBBER TRACK, VIBRATION DAMPING DEVICE, SEISMIC ISOLATOR, AND FLEXIBLE HOSE |
WO2019116659A1 (ja) * | 2017-12-13 | 2019-06-20 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 防振ゴム組成物及び防振ゴム |
EP3744779A4 (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2021-11-10 | Bridgestone Corporation | RUBBER COMPOSITION, TIRES, CONVEYOR BELT, RUBBER TRACK, VIBRATION ISOLATOR, SEISMIC ISOLATOR AND HOSE |
CN111630098A (zh) * | 2018-01-23 | 2020-09-04 | 株式会社普利司通 | 橡胶组合物、轮胎、输送带、橡胶履带、防振装置、隔震装置以及软管 |
WO2019163835A1 (ja) * | 2018-02-22 | 2019-08-29 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | ゴム組成物、タイヤ、コンベヤベルト、ゴムクローラ、防振装置、免震装置及びホース |
CN112105688A (zh) * | 2018-05-08 | 2020-12-18 | 株式会社普利司通 | 硫化橡胶组合物、轮胎胎面和轮胎 |
WO2020054484A1 (ja) * | 2018-09-14 | 2020-03-19 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 変性多元共重合体、ゴム組成物、樹脂組成物、タイヤ及び樹脂製品 |
WO2020162366A1 (ja) | 2019-02-05 | 2020-08-13 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 樹脂組成物及び樹脂製品 |
JPWO2020162366A1 (ja) * | 2019-02-05 | 2021-12-09 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 樹脂組成物及び樹脂製品 |
JP7482794B2 (ja) | 2019-02-05 | 2024-05-14 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 樹脂組成物及び樹脂製品 |
JP2020158637A (ja) * | 2019-03-27 | 2020-10-01 | バンドー化学株式会社 | 架橋ゴム組成物及びそれを用いたゴム製品 |
JP7341695B2 (ja) | 2019-03-27 | 2023-09-11 | バンドー化学株式会社 | 伝動ベルト |
JP7585410B2 (ja) | 2019-03-27 | 2024-11-18 | バンドー化学株式会社 | 伝動ベルト |
JP7491906B2 (ja) | 2019-04-12 | 2024-05-28 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | ポリイソプレン、ゴム組成物及びタイヤ |
JPWO2020241683A1 (ja) * | 2019-05-31 | 2020-12-03 | ||
WO2020241683A1 (ja) * | 2019-05-31 | 2020-12-03 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 樹脂成型体、タイヤ、自動車用部品、及び樹脂組成物 |
WO2021079564A1 (ja) * | 2019-10-23 | 2021-04-29 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | タイヤ |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3363824A1 (en) | 2018-08-22 |
US11021595B2 (en) | 2021-06-01 |
CN108137746B (zh) | 2021-04-06 |
CN108137746A (zh) | 2018-06-08 |
US20180291185A1 (en) | 2018-10-11 |
EP3363824A4 (en) | 2018-10-03 |
EP3363824B1 (en) | 2024-05-01 |
JPWO2017065299A1 (ja) | 2018-08-02 |
JP6780827B2 (ja) | 2020-11-04 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6780827B2 (ja) | 多元共重合体、ゴム組成物、架橋ゴム組成物、ゴム製品、及びタイヤ | |
JP6657082B2 (ja) | 多元共重合体、ゴム組成物及びタイヤ | |
JPWO2019078083A1 (ja) | 多元共重合体、ゴム組成物、架橋ゴム組成物、ゴム製品、及びタイヤ | |
JP7311091B2 (ja) | 多元共重合体、ゴム組成物、架橋ゴム組成物、ゴム製品、及びタイヤ | |
JP5909121B2 (ja) | タイヤ用ゴム組成物 | |
JP7094403B2 (ja) | 多元共重合体、ゴム組成物、架橋ゴム組成物及びゴム物品 | |
JP6602150B2 (ja) | 多元共重合体、ゴム組成物、架橋ゴム組成物、及びゴム物品 | |
JPWO2019142501A1 (ja) | ゴム組成物、タイヤ、コンベヤベルト、ゴムクローラ、防振装置、免震装置及びホース | |
WO2017064863A1 (ja) | 多元共重合体、ゴム組成物、架橋ゴム組成物、及びゴム物品 | |
JP7124899B2 (ja) | 多元共重合体、ゴム組成物、架橋ゴム組成物、ゴム製品、及びタイヤ | |
JP6635369B2 (ja) | 多元共重合体、ゴム組成物、架橋ゴム組成物、ゴム製品、及びタイヤ | |
JP5899072B2 (ja) | ブタジエン−イソプレン共重合体及びその製造方法 | |
JP7431817B2 (ja) | 多元共重合体、ゴム組成物、樹脂組成物、タイヤ及び樹脂製品 | |
JP7041706B2 (ja) | 多元共重合体、ゴム組成物、架橋ゴム組成物及びゴム物品 | |
JP5899074B2 (ja) | 重合体組成物の製造方法及び重合体組成物 | |
WO2017064858A1 (ja) | 多元共重合体、ゴム組成物、架橋ゴム組成物及びゴム物品 | |
WO2019163230A1 (ja) | ゴム組成物、タイヤ、コンベヤベルト、ゴムクローラ、防振装置、免震装置及びホース | |
WO2019163835A1 (ja) | ゴム組成物、タイヤ、コンベヤベルト、ゴムクローラ、防振装置、免震装置及びホース | |
JP2017200983A (ja) | 共役ジエン系共重合体及びその製造方法、ゴム組成物、架橋ゴム組成物、並びにタイヤ | |
JP2014019730A (ja) | スチレン−イソプレン共重合体及びその製造方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 16855552 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2017545501 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 15766580 Country of ref document: US |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2016855552 Country of ref document: EP |