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WO2016166727A1 - Direct seed drill for directly seeding unprepared land - Google Patents

Direct seed drill for directly seeding unprepared land Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016166727A1
WO2016166727A1 PCT/IB2016/052175 IB2016052175W WO2016166727A1 WO 2016166727 A1 WO2016166727 A1 WO 2016166727A1 IB 2016052175 W IB2016052175 W IB 2016052175W WO 2016166727 A1 WO2016166727 A1 WO 2016166727A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
frame
rods
gauge wheel
connecting rods
axis
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2016/052175
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Alain AURENSAN
Original Assignee
Alain AURENSAN
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alain AURENSAN filed Critical Alain AURENSAN
Publication of WO2016166727A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016166727A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00—Sowing
    • A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
    • A01C7/201—Mounting of the seeding tools
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
    • A01C5/066—Devices for covering drills or furrows
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00—Sowing
    • A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
    • A01C7/201—Mounting of the seeding tools
    • A01C7/203—Mounting of the seeding tools comprising depth regulation means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00—Sowing
    • A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
    • A01C7/201—Mounting of the seeding tools
    • A01C7/205—Mounting of the seeding tools comprising pressure regulation means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
    • A01C5/066—Devices for covering drills or furrows
    • A01C5/068—Furrow packing devices, e.g. press wheels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00—Sowing
    • A01C7/006—Minimum till seeding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a direct seeder to directly seed unprepared land, with all types of seeds, including corn, wheat or other cereals, or grass.
  • Unprepared land means land that still has stubble on previous crops.
  • the drill concerned is intended to be mounted on a beam carried by a tractor, transversely to the direction of travel of this machine, with other identical seeders, the different seeders being placed next to each other.
  • This type of direct seeding induces a difficulty of achieving a good positioning of the seeds in the soil, taking into account existing stubble on the ground or roots still in the soil and resulting from previous harvests.
  • Another difficulty lies in the positioning at a substantially constant depth of the seeds, with respect to the surface of the soil, taking into account the irregularities of the soil and the plurality of bumps formed inter alia by the weather and the devices during harvesting of the crop. previous.
  • the known apparatus generally comprise an opener disc to make a furrow in front of a plow that positions the seeds in the ground; the coulter is fed with seeds by a hopper placed on the upper part of the frame of the drill; the depth of the opening of the ground with the opening disc is regulated by means of a gauge wheel; at the back of the camera, a Pressing wheel closes the furrow and cups the soil to compress the seed in the latter to facilitate germination.
  • Patent Application Publication No. WO 2007/050185 describes a seed drill comprising an anterior coupling flange for coupling it to a transverse beam as mentioned above, a frame, connecting rods of this frame to the front flange, realizing a floating mounting of the frame relative to this flange, with the chassis pressure towards the ground, the chassis carrying an opening disc, a gauge wheel, a share, and rear connecting rods, called "terrage", forming a deformable parallelogram, connected to the frame on the one hand and to a support assembly on the other hand, this support assembly carrying a side cover wheel, allowing the reclosing of the groove created by the opener disc.
  • This seed drill is not perfectly suited to the realization of direct seeding and does not overcome the aforementioned difficulties.
  • the present invention aims precisely to achieve this goal, providing a seed drill that allows a good positioning of the seeds in the earth, to a substantially constant depth.
  • the seed drill concerned comprises, in a manner known per se from the aforementioned document WO 2007/050185, an anterior hitch portion for coupling it to a transverse load-bearing beam, a frame, a system for connecting this frame to the front part. coupling, performing a floating mounting of the frame relative to the front hitch, with the chassis pressure towards the ground, the chassis carrying an opening disc, a gauge wheel, a share, and rear rods called " “de chaining", forming a deformable parallelogram, connected to the frame on the one hand and to a support assembly on the other hand, this support assembly carrying a side cover wheel, allowing the reclosing of the groove created by the opener disc.
  • the frame has an anterior portion extending vertically above the connecting system, carrying the opener disc and the gauge wheel mounted thereon; this opener disk and this gauge wheel are mounted on this front chassis part so that the axes of rotation of the opener disc and the gauge wheel are located at a location substantially within the connection system; and
  • the opener disc is inclined at an angle of attack of between 5 and 15 ° and is inclined at a gating angle between 8 ° and 18 °.
  • the angle of attack is the deflection of the opener disc in a horizontal plane, therefore parallel to the ground, ie the angulation of this disc relative to said direction of advance of the drill;
  • the angle of entry is the inclination of the opener disc seen in a plane transverse to the drill, that is to say a plane perpendicular to the direction of advance of the drill when this drill is used.
  • the inventor has indeed been able to determine that, on the existing seed drills, the difficulties of good positioning of the seeds in the soil and positioning of the seeds at a substantially constant depth in the earth, were due to the distance separating the axis of the disk opener and the gauge wheel relative to the support rods, and thus was able to design to conform the frame so as to position the axes of rotation of the opener disc and the gauge wheel in a location substantially in line with a floating link / pressure system.
  • the inventor has however been able to determine that this specific positioning of the opener disc and the gauge wheel involved, to obtain the desired result, to adopt angles of attack and entry included in limited ranges, as mentioned above.
  • the drill according to the invention proves perfectly to achieve the desired objective. In addition, it has reduced dimensions to reduce the size of the transverse beam carrier and thus facilitate the movement of the machine carrying the beam.
  • the angle of attack is of the order of 9 to 10 °, and more preferably, is 9.8 °.
  • the entry angle is of the order of 12 to 13 °, and more preferably 12.7 °.
  • Said coupling portion may in particular be in the form of a coupling flange.
  • connection system may in particular be in the form of two connecting rods, or two pairs of connecting rods, forming a deformable parallelogram, and a spring or jack connecting the two rods or pair of connecting rods to each other.
  • the axes of the opener disc and the gauge wheel are then located substantially between the plumb with the most anterior axis by which one of the connecting rods or pair of rods is mounted on the coupling portion and the plumb of the most posterior axis by means of which one of the connecting rods or pair of connecting rods is connected to the frame.
  • the frame carries the share at a lower end, positioned obliquely, the share being secured to the frame and undergoing the movements of the latter.
  • the chassis can be traversed in the lower part by a lower axis which carries on one side of the frame a handle for adjusting the gauge wheel and on the opposite side of the frame, the opening disc and an arm supporting the gauge wheel; the arm is positioned parallel to the opener disc, is oriented towards the rear of the drill, and is integral with the lower axis which supports it; the arm is provided at mid-length with an axis of rotation which supports the gauge wheel positioned posteriorly relative to the opener disc.
  • said handle when the handle is maneuvered from one position to another, said handle rotates the arm in another position with respect to the ground and causes a displacement of the gauge wheel, resulting in reducing or increasing the depth of opening in the ground through the opener disc.
  • the axis of rotation carrying the gauge wheel being located eccentrically, relative to the positioning of the lower axis placed on the frame, is that during a manual movement of the arm, according to the direction, through the arm , the gauge wheel raises or lowers the frame relative to the ground and simultaneously the opener disc undergoes the same displacement on a vertical plane and increases or decreases the opening depth.
  • the arm carries at an upper end a scraper juxtaposed around the wheel gauge.
  • This scraper forces the earth adhering on said circumference during the rotation of the gauge wheel and prevents any accumulation around the gauge wheel which would distort the settings.
  • the handle is provided in the upper part with a sliding portion allowing through a handle to pull said handle from one position to bring it to another position; which positions are materialized by a succession of notches formed in a selector fixed in the upper part of the frame, the selector having a curved and longitudinal shape so as to be concentric with the lower axis supporting said handle.
  • the ends of the connecting rods are coupled in pairs by means of transverse axes and tabular spacers;
  • the pair of connecting rods located at a higher level has upper edges having teeth juxtaposed on the same plane, on which teeth moves a pressure member placed transversely on said upper edges of the connecting rods;
  • the pressure element comprises at the ends and symmetrically, pins to achieve its nesting on the teeth during its path by rotation on the edges of the connecting rods;
  • the pairs of earth rods are controlled by an elastic means such as a spring exerting a downward tension, one of the ends of the spring is fixed on a lower portion of the frame and another end of said spring is fixed on the pressure element.
  • an elastic means such as a spring exerting a downward tension
  • the adjustment of the pressure of the cover wheel is very easy, in fact, depending on whether the pressure element travels in the teeth towards the front, with the aid of a key, the spring relaxes and the pressure the lap wheel on the ground decreases; conversely, if the pressure element is brought towards the rear of the direct drill, the spring is stretched and the pressure of the cover wheel on the ground increases.
  • the support assembly may be formed by a plate surmounted by two wings arranged in parallel; on these wings, turn the posterior ends of the connecting rods.
  • the plate has a wing-shaped lateral overhang, having an opening close to the wing, which opening has an elongated and curved shape to allow adjustments of a plate positioned under the plate; which plate has a bend oriented towards the ground which supports a fixed axis for carrying and holding the cover wheel.
  • the support assembly may include a vertical axis clutch, allowing adjustment of the orientation of the cover wheel relative to the anterior-posterior axis of the drill.
  • Figure 1 shows in elevation, a view of the direct drill left side.
  • Figure 2 is a right side view of the direct drill equipped with the gauge wheel.
  • Figure 3 is a right side view of the direct drill without the gauge wheel, to see the arm supporting the latter.
  • Figure 4 is a detail and top view of the adjustment elements of the cover wheel.
  • Figure 5 is a detail view and from below the connecting rods and the support piece for the action of land by the cover wheel.
  • Figure 6 is a front view of the direct drill showing the inclinations of the opener disc, the gauge wheel and the cover wheel.
  • Figure 7 is a view of the rear part of the drill according to an alternative embodiment, including a clutch.
  • the direct drill comprises, from the front end to the rear end: a flange 1 intended to be positioned on a carrying transverse bar (not shown), which flange 1 is extended rearwardly by wings 3 which carry pressure rods 4, 5, 6, 7, subject to a spring 8; pressure rods 5 and 7 support a frame 9 formed of a substantially vertical wall; which frame 9 is traversed in the lower part by a lower pin 10 bearing on the left side a handle 11 and on the right side, starting from a wall of the frame 9, an opening disc 12 and an arm 13 supporting a gauge wheel 14; which frame 9 carries in the lower part a share 15 connected in a common way to a seed hopper (not shown); said frame 9 extends rearwardly and carries four earth rods 16, 17, 18, 19 through one end of each of them and said earth rods 16, 17, 18, 19 have positioned ends on a support member 20 holding a cover wheel 21 by means of adjusting elements.
  • a first adjustment of the pressure exerted by the direct drill on the ground is performed by means of the elements carried by the flange 1 placed on the crossbar carrier.
  • the flange 1 extends rearwardly by two wings 3 positioned laterally on a vertical plane, which wings 3 respectively bear two ends of the pressure rods 4, 5, 6.7 positioned on the same side and on two levels; the pressure rods 4, 5, 6, 7 have ends facing backwards and towards the ground.
  • the pressure rods 4, 5, 6, 7 are arranged in pairs and on two oblique planes and for each pair, the pressure rods are secured to each other by means of a transverse partition 22.
  • the component pressure rods each of the pairs have their ends vis-à-vis connected with transverse axes 23, 24, 25, 26 for coupling their resistance to efforts.
  • the articulation of the two pairs of pressure rods 4, 5, 6, 7, is controlled by a spring 8 to compensate for an upward movement of the chassis caused by the gauge wheel under pressure on the ground.
  • the spring 8 is disposed diagonally in a space defined by the proximity of the two pairs of pressure rods; said spring 8 is fixed by one of the two ends on a front spacer 27 placed around the transverse axis 23 located at the front of a pair of pressure rod and said spring 8 is fixed at its other end to a rear spacer 28 placed around the transverse axis 26 located at the rear of the other pair of pressure rod.
  • Spring 8 has a part helical and a threaded rod adjustable by means of a nut so as to graduate the pressure transmitted on the two pairs of pressure rods.
  • the two pairs of pressure rods carry the frame, through external extensions of the transverse axes 24, 26 located at the rear of the pressure rods 5, 7; which transverse axes 24, 26 at the ends facing the frame, continue outside the pressure rods and are embedded in the wall of the frame 1 to operate and maintaining said frame 9 on a vertical plane.
  • the frame 9 is formed mainly of a vertical wall traversed in the lower part by the lower pin 10 pivotally mounted on the frame 9, which lower axis 10 carries on the left side a handle 11 for adjusting the gauge wheel. and said frame also carries in the lower part a soc 15 positioned obliquely; which soc 15 is secured to the frame 9 and its depth of penetration into the ground is regulated by the movements of the frame on a vertical plane.
  • the lower axis 10 carries, on the right side of the frame 9, the opening disc 12 through a hub 29 allowing it to pivot freely and said lower axis 10 carries the arm 13 by a lower end.
  • the opening disc 12 is inclined (see Fig. 6) towards the wall of the frame 9 so as to open a groove and cut off all the roots and rods lying on its path.
  • the arm 13 is positioned parallel to the opening disc 12 and carries at mid-length an axis of rotation 30 on which pivots the gauge wheel 14 having an inclination identical to that of the opener disc 12.
  • the arm 13 is mounted on the lower axis 10 in solidarity so that the lower axis 10 rotates the latter drives said arm.
  • the arm 13 is oriented rearwardly with respect to the lower axis 10 locating the gauge wheel a little downstream of the opener disc 12.
  • the handle 11 for adjusting the depth of the groove has in its extension in the upper part, a sliding portion comprising a lower tube 32 which passes through a coil spring 34 and is continued upwardly by an upper tube 31 having a larger section.
  • the extension of the coil spring 34 is limited by two rings located at its ends.
  • the upper tube 31 is provided at the top with a handle 33 and said upper tube 3 lse blocks through its section in notches 36 located in a selector 35.
  • the upper tube 3 is posted through the selector 35 through a slot formed along the length of said selector 35; which selector 35 is fixed on the left wall of the frame 9 and composes a concentric curve to the lower axis 10 carried by the frame.
  • the slot of the selector 35 comprises on one side the notches 36 for locking the upper tube 31 by its section in a chosen position.
  • traction is exerted upwards to dislodge the upper tube 31 of a notch 36 and to convey said upper tube 31 through said slot to another notch 36.
  • the frame 9 extends towards the rear of the direct drill and carries on either side of its sides four connecting rods 16, 17, 18, 19 juxtaposed in pairs, which connecting rods are joined with axes and maintained with tabular spacers 37, 38 on two levels.
  • the earth rods 16, 17, 18, 19, pivot at one end on the frame 9 and their other ends are held on a support member 20.
  • the support member 20 is arranged with adjusting means for holding and orienting the wheel. recovery.
  • the support piece 20 is mainly formed of a plate 39 surmounted by two wings 40 arranged in parallel. The ends of the earthen connecting rods 16, 17, 18, 19 located towards the rear are fixed on the wings 40 and hold said support part substantially on a horizontal plane.
  • the plate 39 has an overhang 41 on the side with respect to a wing 40, which overflow 41 has an opening 42 close to the wing, which opening 42 has an elongated and curved shape for one of the settings of a plate 43 positioned under The plate 43 forms at an outer end a bend 44 oriented towards the ground and carrying a fixed axis 45 on which is held and pivots the cover wheel 21.
  • the connecting rods 16, 17 have rectilinear upper edges having teeth 46 on the same plane and on which teeth 46 moves a pressure member 47 placed transversely on the upper edges of said connecting rods 16 and 17.
  • the pressure element 47 moves in a rotary motion and has at the ends and symmetrically cylindrical projections 48 which run under manual action in the teeth 46 of the upper edges.
  • the pressure element 47 has a longitudinal body and is held in pressure towards the ground by one of the two ends of a spring 49 and the latter at its other end fixed on a lower part of a tab 50 secured to the frame 1.
  • the spring 49 is positioned by means of a ring in a groove 51 situated around the periphery of the pressure element 47 and at the mid-length of the latter, so as to exert a balanced pressure on the earth rods 16 and 17.
  • the plate 43 positioned under the plate 39 has a substantially rectangular shape and has a longitudinal opening 52 on its median axis; through which longitudinal opening 52 are introduced two screws 53 and 54 positioned by the lower face of the plate 43.
  • the screws 53 and 54 are immobilized by means of two nuts 55 and 56 placed on the plate 39 and the overhang 41, allowing the fixation and adjusting said plate 43 to the plate 39 and to give an angle to the cover wheel with respect to the opening axis of the groove.
  • the screw 53 holds the plate on a fixed point of the plate 39 through a hole in said plate and between the two wings 40; the screw 54 is placed in correspondence with the opening 42 located in the overhang of the plate.
  • the screw 54 being capable of being displaced in the opening 42 of the plate for adjustment of the axis of the cover wheel relative to the axis of the groove.
  • the longitudinal opening 52 of the plate 43 allows adjustment of the distance of the cover wheel relative to the opening axis of the groove. Indeed, the plate 43 can be moved in the transverse direction and with respect to the support piece 20, through the longitudinal opening 52.
  • the frame 1 carries on the right side and opposite the opening disc 12, a scraper 58 juxtaposed to a face of the opener disc to disengage the glued earth; another scraper 59 is placed in the upper part of the arm 13 by means of a transverse rod, which scrapes 59 to a side juxtaposed around the circumference of the gauge wheel 14 so as to clear the earth and to preserve the adjustment of the depth opening of the furrow.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)

Abstract

This seed drill comprises a front coupling part (1), a chassis (9), and a floating system (4, 5, 6, 7) for connecting this chassis (9) to the front coupling part, the chassis bearing an opening disc (12), a depth wheel (14), a coulter, and rear link rods (16, 17, 18, 19) bearing a lateral covering wheel (21) for closing up the furrow created by the opening disc again. According to the invention, the chassis has a front part that bears the opening disc and the depth wheel, such that their rotation axes are situated substantially vertically beneath the connecting system; and the opening disc is inclined at an angle of attack of between 5° and 15° and is inclined at an angle of penetration of between 8° and 18°.

Description

SEMOIR DIRECT PERMETTANT D'ENSEMENCER DIRECTEMENT  DIRECT DRYER FOR DIRECT SOWING
DES TERRAINS NON PREPARES  Unprepared lands
La présente invention concerne un semoir direct permettant d'ensemencer directement des terrains non préparés, avec tous types de semences, notamment de maïs, de blés ou autres céréales, ou d'herbe. The present invention relates to a direct seeder to directly seed unprepared land, with all types of seeds, including corn, wheat or other cereals, or grass.
Par "terrains non préparés", il faut entendre des terrains possédant encore en surface des chaumes des cultures précédentes.  "Unprepared land" means land that still has stubble on previous crops.
Le semoir concerné est destiné à être monté sur une poutre portée par un engin tracteur, transversalement à la direction d'avancement de cet engin, avec d'autres semoirs identiques, les différents semoirs étant placés les uns à côté des autres.  The drill concerned is intended to be mounted on a beam carried by a tractor, transversely to the direction of travel of this machine, with other identical seeders, the different seeders being placed next to each other.
Actuellement, la tendance pour réduire le temps des travaux de préparation des semis a évoluée vers des semis direct, autrement dit sans préparation des champs par des travaux de labour et de nivellement. Outre la réduction du temps de préparation des semis, la conservation des chaumes et autres débris de végétaux à la surface des champs permet de maintenir une certaine humidité en surface et modère l'épuisement des sols sur le plan de la fertilisation.  Currently, the tendency to reduce the time of seedling preparation has evolved to direct seeding, ie without the preparation of fields by plowing and leveling. In addition to reducing planting time, the conservation of stubble and other plant debris on the surface of the field maintains a certain amount of moisture on the surface and moderates soil depletion in terms of fertilization.
Ce type d'ensemencement direct induit cependant une difficulté de réalisation d'un bon positionnement des graines dans la terre, compte tenu des chaumes existants sur le sol ou des racines se trouvant encore dans le sol et résultant des récoltes précédentes. Une autre difficulté réside dans le positionnement à une profondeur sensiblement constante des graines, par rapport à la surface du sol, compte tenu des irrégularités du sol et de la pluralité des bosses formées entre autre par les intempéries et les appareils lors du ramassage de la récolte précédente.  This type of direct seeding, however, induces a difficulty of achieving a good positioning of the seeds in the soil, taking into account existing stubble on the ground or roots still in the soil and resulting from previous harvests. Another difficulty lies in the positioning at a substantially constant depth of the seeds, with respect to the surface of the soil, taking into account the irregularities of the soil and the plurality of bumps formed inter alia by the weather and the devices during harvesting of the crop. previous.
Pour effectuer ce genre de travaux, les appareils connus comportent généralement un disque ouvreur pour réaliser un sillon devant un soc qui positionne les graines dans le sol ; le soc est alimenté en graines par une trémie placée sur la partie supérieure du châssis du semoir ; la profondeur de l'ouverture du sol avec le disque ouvreur est réglée au moyen d'une roue de jauge ; à l'arrière de l'appareil, une roue plombeuse referme le sillon et tasse la terre pour bien comprimer lesdites graine dans cette dernière afin de faciliter la germination. To perform this type of work, the known apparatus generally comprise an opener disc to make a furrow in front of a plow that positions the seeds in the ground; the coulter is fed with seeds by a hopper placed on the upper part of the frame of the drill; the depth of the opening of the ground with the opening disc is regulated by means of a gauge wheel; at the back of the camera, a Pressing wheel closes the furrow and cups the soil to compress the seed in the latter to facilitate germination.
La publication de demande de brevet N° WO 2007/050185 décrit un semoir comprenant une bride antérieure d'attelage permettant son attelage à une poutre transversale telle que précitée, un châssis, des bielles de liaison de ce châssis à la bride antérieure, réalisant un montage flottant du châssis par rapport à cette bride, avec pression du châssis en direction du sol, le châssis portant un disque ouvreur, une roue de jauge, un soc, et des bielles postérieures, dites "de terrage", formant un parallélogramme déformable, reliées au châssis d'une part et à un ensemble de support d'autre part, cet ensemble de support portant une roue de recouvrement latérale, permettant la refermeture du sillon crée par le disque ouvreur.  Patent Application Publication No. WO 2007/050185 describes a seed drill comprising an anterior coupling flange for coupling it to a transverse beam as mentioned above, a frame, connecting rods of this frame to the front flange, realizing a floating mounting of the frame relative to this flange, with the chassis pressure towards the ground, the chassis carrying an opening disc, a gauge wheel, a share, and rear connecting rods, called "terrage", forming a deformable parallelogram, connected to the frame on the one hand and to a support assembly on the other hand, this support assembly carrying a side cover wheel, allowing the reclosing of the groove created by the opener disc.
Ce semoir n'est cependant pas parfaitement adapté à la réalisation de semis directs et ne permet pas de parfaitement surmonter les difficultés précitées.  This seed drill, however, is not perfectly suited to the realization of direct seeding and does not overcome the aforementioned difficulties.
La présente invention a pour but précisément d'atteindre cet objectif, en fournissant un semoir qui permette un bon positionnement des graines dans la terre, à une profondeur sensiblement constante.  The present invention aims precisely to achieve this goal, providing a seed drill that allows a good positioning of the seeds in the earth, to a substantially constant depth.
Le semoir concerné comprend, de manière connue en soi par le document N° WO 2007/050185 précité, une partie antérieure d'attelage permettant son attelage à une poutre transversale porteuse, un châssis, un système de liaison de ce châssis à la partie antérieure d'attelage, réalisant un montage flottant du châssis par rapport à la partie antérieure d'attelage, avec pression du châssis en direction du sol, le châssis portant un disque ouvreur, une roue de jauge, un soc, et des bielles postérieures dites "de terrage", formant un parallélogramme déformable, reliées au châssis d'une part et à un ensemble de support d'autre part, cet ensemble de support portant une roue de recouvrement latérale, permettant la refermeture du sillon crée par le disque ouvreur.  The seed drill concerned comprises, in a manner known per se from the aforementioned document WO 2007/050185, an anterior hitch portion for coupling it to a transverse load-bearing beam, a frame, a system for connecting this frame to the front part. coupling, performing a floating mounting of the frame relative to the front hitch, with the chassis pressure towards the ground, the chassis carrying an opening disc, a gauge wheel, a share, and rear rods called " "de chaining", forming a deformable parallelogram, connected to the frame on the one hand and to a support assembly on the other hand, this support assembly carrying a side cover wheel, allowing the reclosing of the groove created by the opener disc.
Il se comprend que les termes "antérieure" et "postérieures" utilisés ci-dessus et dans l'ensemble de la présente description sont à considérer par rapport à la direction d'avance du semoir au cours de l'utilisation de ce semoir, donc dans la direction selon laquelle ledit engin agricole avance, "antérieur" qualifiant une partie ou une unité du semoir située en avant d'une autre partie ou unité de ce semoir, elle-même qualifiée de "postérieure". Selon l'invention, It is understood that the terms "anterior" and "posterior" used above and throughout this description are to be considered in relation to the direction of advance of the drill during the use of this drill, so in the direction in which said agricultural machine advances, "prior" qualifying a part or a unit of the drill ahead of another part or unit of this drill, itself referred to as "posterior". According to the invention,
- le châssis présente une partie antérieure s'étendant à l'aplomb du système de liaison, portant le disque ouvreur et la roue de jauge montée sur elle ; ce disque ouvreur et cette roue de jauge sont montés sur cette partie antérieure de châssis de telle sorte que les axes de rotation du disque ouvreur et de la roue de jauge soient situés en un emplacement sensiblement compris à l'aplomb du système de liaison ; et - The frame has an anterior portion extending vertically above the connecting system, carrying the opener disc and the gauge wheel mounted thereon; this opener disk and this gauge wheel are mounted on this front chassis part so that the axes of rotation of the opener disc and the gauge wheel are located at a location substantially within the connection system; and
- le disque ouvreur est incliné selon un angle d'attaque compris entre 5 et 15° et est incliné selon un angle d'entrure compris entre 8° et 18°. - The opener disc is inclined at an angle of attack of between 5 and 15 ° and is inclined at a gating angle between 8 ° and 18 °.
Comme cela est bien connu d'une personne du métier, l'angle d'attaque est le braquage du disque ouvreur dans un plan horizontal, donc parallèle au sol, c'est-à- dire l'angulation de ce disque par rapport à ladite direction d'avance du semoir ; l'angle d'entrure est l'inclinaison du disque ouvreur vu dans un plan transversal au semoir, c'est-à-dire un plan perpendiculaire à la direction d'avance du semoir lorsque ce semoir est utilisé.  As is well known to a person skilled in the art, the angle of attack is the deflection of the opener disc in a horizontal plane, therefore parallel to the ground, ie the angulation of this disc relative to said direction of advance of the drill; the angle of entry is the inclination of the opener disc seen in a plane transverse to the drill, that is to say a plane perpendicular to the direction of advance of the drill when this drill is used.
L'inventeur a en effet pu déterminer que, sur les semoirs existants, les difficultés de bon positionnement des graines dans la terre et de positionnement des graines à une profondeur sensiblement constante dans la terre, étaient dues à la distance séparant l'axe du disque ouvreur et de la roue de jauge par rapport aux biellettes de support, et a ainsi pu concevoir de conformer le châssis de façon à positionner les axes de rotation du disque ouvreur et de la roue de jauge en un emplacement sensiblement à l'aplomb d'un système de liaison flottante/pression. L'inventeur a cependant pu déterminer que ce positionnement spécifique du disque ouvreur et de la roue de jauge impliquait, pour obtenir le résultat recherché, d'adopter des angles d'attaque et d'entrure compris dans des plages limitées, telles que précitées.  The inventor has indeed been able to determine that, on the existing seed drills, the difficulties of good positioning of the seeds in the soil and positioning of the seeds at a substantially constant depth in the earth, were due to the distance separating the axis of the disk opener and the gauge wheel relative to the support rods, and thus was able to design to conform the frame so as to position the axes of rotation of the opener disc and the gauge wheel in a location substantially in line with a floating link / pressure system. The inventor has however been able to determine that this specific positioning of the opener disc and the gauge wheel involved, to obtain the desired result, to adopt angles of attack and entry included in limited ranges, as mentioned above.
Le semoir selon l'invention s'avère parfaitement atteindre l'objectif recherché. De plus, il a des dimensions réduites permettant de réduire l'encombrement de la poutre transversale porteuse et donc de faciliter les déplacements de l'engin portant cette poutre.  The drill according to the invention proves perfectly to achieve the desired objective. In addition, it has reduced dimensions to reduce the size of the transverse beam carrier and thus facilitate the movement of the machine carrying the beam.
De préférence, l'angle d'attaque est de l'ordre de 9 à 10°, et de façon encore préférée, est de 9,8°. De préférence, l'angle d'entrure est de l'ordre de 12 à 13°, et de façon encore préférée, est de 12,7°. Preferably, the angle of attack is of the order of 9 to 10 °, and more preferably, is 9.8 °. Preferably, the entry angle is of the order of 12 to 13 °, and more preferably 12.7 °.
Ladite partie d'attelage peut notamment être sous la forme d'une bride de d'attelage.  Said coupling portion may in particular be in the form of a coupling flange.
Le système de liaison précité peut notamment être sous la forme de deux bielles, ou de deux paires de bielles, formant un parallélogramme déformable, et d'un ressort ou vérin reliant les deux bielles ou paire de bielles l'une à l'autre de façon à rappeler les bielles dans une position réalisant une pression du châssis en direction du sol ; les axes du disque ouvreur et de la roue de jauge sont alors situés sensiblement entre l'aplomb de l'axe le plus antérieur par lequel l'une des bielles ou paire de bielles est montée sur la partie d'attelage et l'aplomb de l'axe le plus postérieur au moyen duquel l'une des bielles ou paire de bielles est reliée au châssis.  The aforementioned connection system may in particular be in the form of two connecting rods, or two pairs of connecting rods, forming a deformable parallelogram, and a spring or jack connecting the two rods or pair of connecting rods to each other. way to recall the rods in a position making a pressure of the chassis towards the ground; the axes of the opener disc and the gauge wheel are then located substantially between the plumb with the most anterior axis by which one of the connecting rods or pair of rods is mounted on the coupling portion and the plumb of the most posterior axis by means of which one of the connecting rods or pair of connecting rods is connected to the frame.
Le châssis porte le soc à une extrémité inférieure, positionné de façon oblique, ce soc étant solidaire du châssis et subissant les mouvements de ce dernier.  The frame carries the share at a lower end, positioned obliquely, the share being secured to the frame and undergoing the movements of the latter.
Le châssis peut être traversé en partie inférieure par un axe inférieur qui porte sur un côté du châssis un manche pour le réglage de la roue de jauge et sur le côté opposé du châssis, le disque ouvreur et un bras supportant la roue de jauge ; le bras est positionné parallèlement au disque ouvreur, est orienté vers l'arrière du semoir, et est solidaire de l'axe inférieur qui le supporte ; le bras est pourvu à mi-longueur d'un axe de rotation qui supporte la roue de jauge positionnée de façon postérieure par rapport au disque ouvreur.  The chassis can be traversed in the lower part by a lower axis which carries on one side of the frame a handle for adjusting the gauge wheel and on the opposite side of the frame, the opening disc and an arm supporting the gauge wheel; the arm is positioned parallel to the opener disc, is oriented towards the rear of the drill, and is integral with the lower axis which supports it; the arm is provided at mid-length with an axis of rotation which supports the gauge wheel positioned posteriorly relative to the opener disc.
Ainsi, lorsque le manche est manœuvré d'une position vers une autre, ledit manche fait pivoter le bras dans une autre position au regard du sol et entraîne un déplacement de la roue de jauge, ayant comme résultante de réduire ou augmenter la profondeur d'ouverture dans le sol par le biais du disque ouvreur. L'axe de rotation portant la roue de jauge étant situé de manière excentrée, par rapport au positionnement de l'axe inférieur placé sur le châssis, fait que lors d'un déplacement manuel du bras, selon le sens, par le biais du bras, la roue de jauge relève ou rabaisse le châssis par rapport au sol et simultanément le disque ouvreur subit le même déplacement sur un plan vertical et accentue ou diminue la profondeur d'ouverture. Le bras porte à une extrémité supérieure un racloir juxtaposé au pourtour de la roue de jauge. Thus, when the handle is maneuvered from one position to another, said handle rotates the arm in another position with respect to the ground and causes a displacement of the gauge wheel, resulting in reducing or increasing the depth of opening in the ground through the opener disc. The axis of rotation carrying the gauge wheel being located eccentrically, relative to the positioning of the lower axis placed on the frame, is that during a manual movement of the arm, according to the direction, through the arm , the gauge wheel raises or lowers the frame relative to the ground and simultaneously the opener disc undergoes the same displacement on a vertical plane and increases or decreases the opening depth. The arm carries at an upper end a scraper juxtaposed around the wheel gauge.
Ce racloir chasse la terre adhérant sur ledit pourtour lors de la rotation de la roue de jauge et empêche tout amoncellement autour de la roue de jauge qui fausserait les réglages.  This scraper forces the earth adhering on said circumference during the rotation of the gauge wheel and prevents any accumulation around the gauge wheel which would distort the settings.
Le manche est doté en partie supérieure d'une partie coulissante permettant par le truchement d'une poignée de sortir ledit manche d'une position pour l'amener dans une autre position ; lesquelles positions sont matérialisées par une succession de crans formés dans un sélecteur fixé en partie haute du châssis, le sélecteur ayant une forme courbe et longitudinale de manière à être concentrique à l'axe inférieur supportant ledit manche.  The handle is provided in the upper part with a sliding portion allowing through a handle to pull said handle from one position to bring it to another position; which positions are materialized by a succession of notches formed in a selector fixed in the upper part of the frame, the selector having a curved and longitudinal shape so as to be concentric with the lower axis supporting said handle.
Selon une forme de réalisation de l'invention,  According to one embodiment of the invention,
- les extrémités des bielles de terrage sont accouplées par paires au moyen d'axes transversaux et d'entretoises tabulaires ;  - The ends of the connecting rods are coupled in pairs by means of transverse axes and tabular spacers;
- la paire de bielles de terrage située à un niveau supérieur a des chants supérieurs comportant des dents juxtaposées sur un même plan, sur lesquelles dents se déplace un élément de pression placé de manière transversale sur lesdits chants supérieur des bielles de terrage ; l'élément de pression comporte aux extrémités et de façon symétrique, des tétons pour réaliser son emboîtement sur les dents lors de son cheminement par rotation sur les chants des bielles de terrage ;  - The pair of connecting rods located at a higher level has upper edges having teeth juxtaposed on the same plane, on which teeth moves a pressure member placed transversely on said upper edges of the connecting rods; the pressure element comprises at the ends and symmetrically, pins to achieve its nesting on the teeth during its path by rotation on the edges of the connecting rods;
- les paires de bielles de terrage sont asservies par un moyen élastique tel qu'un ressort exerçant une tension vers le bas, dont une des extrémités du ressort est fixée sur une partie inférieure du châssis et une autre extrémité dudit ressort est fixée sur l'élément de pression.  - The pairs of earth rods are controlled by an elastic means such as a spring exerting a downward tension, one of the ends of the spring is fixed on a lower portion of the frame and another end of said spring is fixed on the pressure element.
Le réglage de pression de la roue de recouvrement s'effectue très facilement, en effet, selon que l'élément de pression chemine dans les dents vers l'avant, à l'aide d'une clef, le ressort se détend et la pression de la roue de recouvrement sur le sol diminue ; inversement si l'élément de pression est amené vers l'arrière du semoir direct, le ressort se tend et la pression de la roue de recouvrement sur le sol augmente. L'ensemble de support peut être formé par une platine surmontée de deux ailes disposées en parallèles ; sur ces ailes, pivotent les extrémités postérieures des bielles de terrage. The adjustment of the pressure of the cover wheel is very easy, in fact, depending on whether the pressure element travels in the teeth towards the front, with the aid of a key, the spring relaxes and the pressure the lap wheel on the ground decreases; conversely, if the pressure element is brought towards the rear of the direct drill, the spring is stretched and the pressure of the cover wheel on the ground increases. The support assembly may be formed by a plate surmounted by two wings arranged in parallel; on these wings, turn the posterior ends of the connecting rods.
La platine comporte un débord latéral prolongé par une aile, possédant une ouverture proche de l'aile, laquelle ouverture a une forme allongée et courbe pour permettre des réglages d'une plaque positionnée sous la platine ; laquelle plaque présente un coude orienté vers le sol qui supporte un axe fixe pour porter et maintenir la roue de recouvrement.  The plate has a wing-shaped lateral overhang, having an opening close to the wing, which opening has an elongated and curved shape to allow adjustments of a plate positioned under the plate; which plate has a bend oriented towards the ground which supports a fixed axis for carrying and holding the cover wheel.
L'ensemble de support peut inclure un crabot d'axe vertical, permettant un réglage de l'orientation de la roue de recouvrement par rapport à l'axe antérieur- postérieur du semoir.  The support assembly may include a vertical axis clutch, allowing adjustment of the orientation of the cover wheel relative to the anterior-posterior axis of the drill.
La description ci-après conjointement avec les figures ci-jointes illustrent un mode de réalisation à titre d'exemple et de manière non limitative et permettront de faciliter la compréhension de l'invention et autres détails.  The following description together with the attached figures illustrate an embodiment by way of example and in a non-limiting manner and will facilitate understanding of the invention and other details.
La figure 1 représente en élévation, une vue du semoir direct côté gauche.  Figure 1 shows in elevation, a view of the direct drill left side.
La figure 2 est une vue côté droit du semoir direct muni de la roue de jauge. La figure 3 est une vue côté droit du semoir direct sans la roue de jauge, permettant d'apercevoir le bras supportant cette dernière.  Figure 2 is a right side view of the direct drill equipped with the gauge wheel. Figure 3 is a right side view of the direct drill without the gauge wheel, to see the arm supporting the latter.
La figure 4 est une vue de détail et de haut des éléments de réglage de la roue de recouvrement.  Figure 4 is a detail and top view of the adjustment elements of the cover wheel.
La figure 5 est une vue de détail et de dessous des bielles de terrage et de la pièce support pour l'action de terrage effectuer par la roue de recouvrement.  Figure 5 is a detail view and from below the connecting rods and the support piece for the action of land by the cover wheel.
La figure 6 est une vue de l'avant du semoir direct montrant les inclinaisons du disque ouvreur, de la roue de jauge et de la roue de recouvrement.  Figure 6 is a front view of the direct drill showing the inclinations of the opener disc, the gauge wheel and the cover wheel.
La figure 7 est une vue de la partie postérieure du semoir selon une variante de réalisation, incluant un crabot.  Figure 7 is a view of the rear part of the drill according to an alternative embodiment, including a clutch.
Tel que représenté en figures 1 à 6, le semoir direct objet de la présente invention comprend, de l'extrémité avant vers l'extrémité arrière : une bride 1 destinée à être positionnée sur une barre transversale porteuse (non représentée), laquelle bride 1 se prolonge vers l'arrière par des ailes 3 qui portent des bielles de pression 4, 5, 6, 7, assujetties à un ressort 8 ; les bielles de pressions 5 et 7 supportent un châssis 9 formé d'une paroi sensiblement verticale ; lequel châssis 9 est traversé en partie inférieure par un axe inférieur 10 portant sur le côté gauche un manche 11 et sur le côté droit, en partant d'une parois du châssis 9, un disque ouvreur 12 et un bras 13 supportant une roue de jauge 14 ; lequel châssis 9 porte en partie inférieure un soc 15 relié de façon commune à une trémie à graines (non représentée); ledit châssis 9 se prolonge vers l'arrière et porte quatre bielles de terrage 16, 17, 18, 19 par le biais d'une extrémité de chacune d'elles et lesdites bielles de terrage 16, 17, 18, 19 ont des extrémités positionnées sur une pièce support 20 maintenant une roue de recouvrement 21 par le biais d'éléments de réglage. As represented in FIGS. 1 to 6, the direct drill according to the present invention comprises, from the front end to the rear end: a flange 1 intended to be positioned on a carrying transverse bar (not shown), which flange 1 is extended rearwardly by wings 3 which carry pressure rods 4, 5, 6, 7, subject to a spring 8; pressure rods 5 and 7 support a frame 9 formed of a substantially vertical wall; which frame 9 is traversed in the lower part by a lower pin 10 bearing on the left side a handle 11 and on the right side, starting from a wall of the frame 9, an opening disc 12 and an arm 13 supporting a gauge wheel 14; which frame 9 carries in the lower part a share 15 connected in a common way to a seed hopper (not shown); said frame 9 extends rearwardly and carries four earth rods 16, 17, 18, 19 through one end of each of them and said earth rods 16, 17, 18, 19 have positioned ends on a support member 20 holding a cover wheel 21 by means of adjusting elements.
Un premier réglage de la pression exercée par le semoir direct sur le sol, est effectué au moyen des éléments portés par la bride 1 placée sur la barre transversale porteuse. La bride 1 se prolonge vers l'arrière par deux ailes 3 positionnées latéralement sur un plan vertical, lesquelles ailes 3 portent respectivement deux extrémités des bielles de pression 4, 5, 6,7 positionnées sur un même côté et sur deux niveaux ; les bielles de pression 4, 5, 6, 7 ont des extrémités orientées vers l'arrière et vers le sol.  A first adjustment of the pressure exerted by the direct drill on the ground, is performed by means of the elements carried by the flange 1 placed on the crossbar carrier. The flange 1 extends rearwardly by two wings 3 positioned laterally on a vertical plane, which wings 3 respectively bear two ends of the pressure rods 4, 5, 6.7 positioned on the same side and on two levels; the pressure rods 4, 5, 6, 7 have ends facing backwards and towards the ground.
Les bielles de pression 4, 5, 6, 7, sont rangées par paire et sur deux plans obliques et pour chacune des paires, les bielles de pression sont solidarisées entre elles par le truchement d'une cloison transversale 22. Les bielles de pression composant chacune des paires ont leurs extrémités en vis-à-vis reliées avec des axes transversaux 23, 24, 25, 26 permettant d'accoupler leurs résistances aux efforts. L'articulation des deux paires de bielles de pression 4, 5, 6, 7, est asservie par un ressort 8 pour compenser un mouvement ascendant du châssis provoqué par la roue de jauge en pression sur le sol.  The pressure rods 4, 5, 6, 7 are arranged in pairs and on two oblique planes and for each pair, the pressure rods are secured to each other by means of a transverse partition 22. The component pressure rods each of the pairs have their ends vis-à-vis connected with transverse axes 23, 24, 25, 26 for coupling their resistance to efforts. The articulation of the two pairs of pressure rods 4, 5, 6, 7, is controlled by a spring 8 to compensate for an upward movement of the chassis caused by the gauge wheel under pressure on the ground.
Le ressort 8 est disposé selon une diagonale dans un espace délimité par la proximité des deux paires de bielles de pression ; ledit ressort 8 est fixé par une des deux extrémités sur une entretoise avant 27 placée autour de l'axe transversal 23 situé à l'avant d'une paire de bielle de pression et ledit ressort 8 est fixé, par son autre extrémité, sur une entretoise arrière 28 placée autour de l'axe transversal 26 situé à l'arrière de l'autre paire de bielle de pression. Le ressort 8 comporte une partie hélicoïdale et une tige filetée réglable au moyen d'un écrou de façon à graduer la pression transmise sur les deux paires de bielles de pression. The spring 8 is disposed diagonally in a space defined by the proximity of the two pairs of pressure rods; said spring 8 is fixed by one of the two ends on a front spacer 27 placed around the transverse axis 23 located at the front of a pair of pressure rod and said spring 8 is fixed at its other end to a rear spacer 28 placed around the transverse axis 26 located at the rear of the other pair of pressure rod. Spring 8 has a part helical and a threaded rod adjustable by means of a nut so as to graduate the pressure transmitted on the two pairs of pressure rods.
Les deux paires de bielles de pression portent le châssis, par l'entremise de prolongements extérieurs des axes transversaux 24, 26 situés à l'arrière des bielles de pression 5, 7 ; lesquels axes transversaux 24, 26 aux extrémités en regard du châssis, se continuent à l'extérieur des bielles de pression et sont encastrées dans la paroi du châssis 1 pour manoeuvrer et maintenant ledit châssis 9 sur un plan vertical.  The two pairs of pressure rods carry the frame, through external extensions of the transverse axes 24, 26 located at the rear of the pressure rods 5, 7; which transverse axes 24, 26 at the ends facing the frame, continue outside the pressure rods and are embedded in the wall of the frame 1 to operate and maintaining said frame 9 on a vertical plane.
Le châssis 9 est formé principalement d'une paroi verticale traversé en partie inférieure par l'axe inférieur 10 monté de façon pivotante sur le châssis 9, lequel axe inférieur 10 porte sur le côté gauche un manche 11 pour le réglage de la roue de jauge et ledit châssis porte également en partie inférieure un soc 15 positionné en oblique ; lequel soc 15 est solidaire du châssis 9 et sa profondeur de pénétration dans le sol est régulée par les mouvements du châssis sur un plan vertical.  The frame 9 is formed mainly of a vertical wall traversed in the lower part by the lower pin 10 pivotally mounted on the frame 9, which lower axis 10 carries on the left side a handle 11 for adjusting the gauge wheel. and said frame also carries in the lower part a soc 15 positioned obliquely; which soc 15 is secured to the frame 9 and its depth of penetration into the ground is regulated by the movements of the frame on a vertical plane.
L'axe inférieur 10 porte, sur le côté droit du châssis 9, le disque ouvreur 12 par le truchement d'un moyeu 29 lui permettant de pivoter librement et ledit axe inférieur 10 porte le bras 13 par une extrémité inférieure. Le disque ouvreur 12 est incliné (voir fig. 6) vers la paroi du châssis 9 de manière à ouvrir un sillon et à couper toutes les racines et les tiges se trouvant sur sa trajectoire. Le bras 13 est positionné parallèlement au disque ouvreur 12 et porte à mi-longueur un axe de rotation 30 sur lequel pivote la roue de jauge 14 comportant une inclinaison identique à celle du disque ouvreur 12. Le bras 13 est monté sur l'axe inférieur 10 de manière solidaire autrement dit quand l'axe inférieur 10 tourne ce dernier entraîne ledit bras. Le bras 13 est orienté vers l'arrière par rapport à l'axe inférieur 10 situant la roue de jauge un peu en aval du disque ouvreur 12.  The lower axis 10 carries, on the right side of the frame 9, the opening disc 12 through a hub 29 allowing it to pivot freely and said lower axis 10 carries the arm 13 by a lower end. The opening disc 12 is inclined (see Fig. 6) towards the wall of the frame 9 so as to open a groove and cut off all the roots and rods lying on its path. The arm 13 is positioned parallel to the opening disc 12 and carries at mid-length an axis of rotation 30 on which pivots the gauge wheel 14 having an inclination identical to that of the opener disc 12. The arm 13 is mounted on the lower axis 10 in solidarity so that the lower axis 10 rotates the latter drives said arm. The arm 13 is oriented rearwardly with respect to the lower axis 10 locating the gauge wheel a little downstream of the opener disc 12.
Le manche 11 servant à régler la profondeur du sillon comporte dans son prolongement en partie supérieure, une partie coulissante comprenant un tube inférieur 32 qui traverse un ressort hélicoïdal 34 et se continue vers le haut par un tube supérieur 31 ayant une section plus importante. L'extension du ressort hélicoïdal 34 est limitée par deux bagues situées à ses extrémités. Le tube supérieur 31 est doté en partie haute d'une poignée 33 et ledit tube supérieur 3 lse bloque par le biais de sa section dans des crans 36 situés dans un sélecteur 35. Le tube supérieur 3 lest posté au travers du sélecteur 35 par l'entremise d'une fente formée sur la longueur dudit sélecteur 35 ; lequel sélecteur 35 est fixé sur la paroi gauche du châssis 9 et compose une courbe concentrique à l'axe inférieur 10 porté par le châssis. La fente du sélecteur 35 comprend sur un côté les crans 36 pour bloquer le tube supérieur 31 par sa section dans une position choisie. The handle 11 for adjusting the depth of the groove has in its extension in the upper part, a sliding portion comprising a lower tube 32 which passes through a coil spring 34 and is continued upwardly by an upper tube 31 having a larger section. The extension of the coil spring 34 is limited by two rings located at its ends. The upper tube 31 is provided at the top with a handle 33 and said upper tube 3 lse blocks through its section in notches 36 located in a selector 35. The upper tube 3 is posted through the selector 35 through a slot formed along the length of said selector 35; which selector 35 is fixed on the left wall of the frame 9 and composes a concentric curve to the lower axis 10 carried by the frame. The slot of the selector 35 comprises on one side the notches 36 for locking the upper tube 31 by its section in a chosen position.
Pour le réglage de la profondeur du sillon, au moyen de la poignée 33, une traction est exercée vers le haut permettant de déloger le tube supérieur 31 d'un cran 36 et d'acheminer ledit tube supérieur 31 par le biais de ladite fente vers un autre cran 36.  For the adjustment of the depth of the groove, by means of the handle 33, traction is exerted upwards to dislodge the upper tube 31 of a notch 36 and to convey said upper tube 31 through said slot to another notch 36.
Ainsi, lorsque le manche 11 est manœuvré d'une position vers une autre, ledit manche fait pivoter par le biais de l'axe inférieur 10, le bras 13 et entraîne également dans une autre position au regard du sol, la roue de jauge, ayant comme résultante de réduire ou augmenter la profondeur d'ouverture dans le sol par le biais du disque ouvreur 12.  Thus, when the handle 11 is maneuvered from one position to another, said handle pivots through the lower axis 10, the arm 13 and also causes in another position with respect to the ground, the gauge wheel, resulting in reducing or increasing the opening depth in the soil through the opener 12.
Le châssis 9 se prolonge vers l'arrière du semoir direct et porte de part et d'autre de ses côtés quatre bielles de terrage 16, 17, 18, 19, juxtaposées par paire, lesquelles bielles de terrage sont réunies avec des axes et maintenues avec des entretoises tabulaires 37, 38 sur deux niveaux. Les bielles de terrage 16, 17, 18, 19, pivotent par une des extrémités sur le châssis 9 et leurs autres extrémités sont maintenues sur une pièce support 20. La pièce support 20 est agencée de moyens de réglage pour maintenir et orienter la roue de recouvrement. La pièce support 20 est principalement formée d'une platine 39 surmontée de deux ailes 40 disposées en parallèles. Les extrémités des bielles de terrage 16, 17, 18, 19, situées vers l'arrière sont fixées sur les ailes 40 et maintiennent ladite pièce support sensiblement sur un plan horizontal.  The frame 9 extends towards the rear of the direct drill and carries on either side of its sides four connecting rods 16, 17, 18, 19 juxtaposed in pairs, which connecting rods are joined with axes and maintained with tabular spacers 37, 38 on two levels. The earth rods 16, 17, 18, 19, pivot at one end on the frame 9 and their other ends are held on a support member 20. The support member 20 is arranged with adjusting means for holding and orienting the wheel. recovery. The support piece 20 is mainly formed of a plate 39 surmounted by two wings 40 arranged in parallel. The ends of the earthen connecting rods 16, 17, 18, 19 located towards the rear are fixed on the wings 40 and hold said support part substantially on a horizontal plane.
La platine 39 comporte un débord 41 sur le côté par rapport à une aile 40, lequel débord 41 possède une ouverture 42 proche de l'aile, laquelle ouverture 42 a une forme allongée et courbe pour un des réglages d'une plaque 43 positionnée sous la platine 39. La plaque 43 forme à une extrémité extérieure un coude 44 orienté vers le sol et portant un axe fixe 45 sur lequel est maintenue et pivote la roue de recouvrement 21. Les bielles de terrage 16, 17 ont des chants supérieurs rectiligne comportant des dents 46 sur un même plan et sur lesquelles dents 46 se déplace un élément de pression 47 placé de manière transversale sur les chants supérieurs desdites bielles de terrage 16 et 17. L'élément de pression 47 se déplace dans un mouvement rotatif et comporte aux extrémités et de façon symétrique des saillies cylindriques 48 qui cheminent sous une action manuelle, dans les dents 46 des chants supérieurs. L'élément de pression 47 a un corps longitudinal et est maintenu en pression vers le sol par une des deux extrémités d'un ressort 49 et ce dernier à son autre extrémité fixée sur une partie inférieure d'une patte 50 solidarisée au châssis 1. The plate 39 has an overhang 41 on the side with respect to a wing 40, which overflow 41 has an opening 42 close to the wing, which opening 42 has an elongated and curved shape for one of the settings of a plate 43 positioned under The plate 43 forms at an outer end a bend 44 oriented towards the ground and carrying a fixed axis 45 on which is held and pivots the cover wheel 21. The connecting rods 16, 17 have rectilinear upper edges having teeth 46 on the same plane and on which teeth 46 moves a pressure member 47 placed transversely on the upper edges of said connecting rods 16 and 17. The pressure element 47 moves in a rotary motion and has at the ends and symmetrically cylindrical projections 48 which run under manual action in the teeth 46 of the upper edges. The pressure element 47 has a longitudinal body and is held in pressure towards the ground by one of the two ends of a spring 49 and the latter at its other end fixed on a lower part of a tab 50 secured to the frame 1.
Le ressort 49 est positionné par le biais d'un anneau dans une gorge 51 située sur le pourtour de l'élément de pression 47 et à mi-longueur de ce dernier, de façon à exercer une pression équilibrée sur les bielles de terrage 16 et 17.  The spring 49 is positioned by means of a ring in a groove 51 situated around the periphery of the pressure element 47 and at the mid-length of the latter, so as to exert a balanced pressure on the earth rods 16 and 17.
La plaque 43 positionnée sous la platine 39, a une forme sensiblement rectangulaire et comporte une ouverture longitudinale 52 sur son axe médian ; par laquelle ouverture longitudinale 52 sont introduites deux vis 53 et 54 positionnées par la face inférieure de la plaque 43. Les vis 53 et 54 sont immobilisées au moyen de deux écrous 55 et 56 placées sur la platine 39 et le débord 41, permettant la fixation et le réglage de ladite plaque 43 à la platine 39 et permettant de donner un angle à la roue de recouvrement par rapport à l'axe d'ouverture du sillon.  The plate 43 positioned under the plate 39, has a substantially rectangular shape and has a longitudinal opening 52 on its median axis; through which longitudinal opening 52 are introduced two screws 53 and 54 positioned by the lower face of the plate 43. The screws 53 and 54 are immobilized by means of two nuts 55 and 56 placed on the plate 39 and the overhang 41, allowing the fixation and adjusting said plate 43 to the plate 39 and to give an angle to the cover wheel with respect to the opening axis of the groove.
La vis 53 maintient la plaque sur un point fixe de la platine 39 par le biais d'un trou situé dans ladite platine et entre les deux ailes 40 ; la vis 54 est placée en correspondance avec l'ouverture 42 située dans le débord de la platine. La vis 54 étant susceptible d'être déplacée dans l'ouverture 42 de la platine pour un réglage de l'axe de la roue de recouvrement par rapport à l'axe du sillon. En outre, l'ouverture longitudinale 52 de la plaque 43 permet un réglage de l'éloignement de la roue de recouvrement par rapport à l'axe d'ouverture du sillon. En effet, la plaque 43 peut être déplacée dans le sens transversal et par rapport à la pièce support 20, par le biais de l'ouverture longitudinale 52.  The screw 53 holds the plate on a fixed point of the plate 39 through a hole in said plate and between the two wings 40; the screw 54 is placed in correspondence with the opening 42 located in the overhang of the plate. The screw 54 being capable of being displaced in the opening 42 of the plate for adjustment of the axis of the cover wheel relative to the axis of the groove. In addition, the longitudinal opening 52 of the plate 43 allows adjustment of the distance of the cover wheel relative to the opening axis of the groove. Indeed, the plate 43 can be moved in the transverse direction and with respect to the support piece 20, through the longitudinal opening 52.
Sur une partie supérieure de la plaque 43, proche de la roue de recouvrement, est marquée ; une graduation 57 pour le réglage transversal du positionnement de ladite roue de recouvrement, et un doigt indicateur solidaire du débord de la platine permet de situer le réglage. On an upper part of the plate 43, close to the cover wheel, is marked; a graduation 57 for the transverse adjustment of the positioning of said cover wheel, and an indicator finger integral with the end of the plate allows to locate the setting.
Le châssis 1 porte sur le côté droit et en regard du disque ouvreur 12, un racloir 58 juxtaposé à une face du disque ouvreur pour en dégager la terre collée ; un autre racloir 59 est placé en partie haute du bras 13 par le biais d'une tige transversale, lequel racloir 59 à un côté juxtaposé au pourtour de la roue de jauge 14 de manière à dégager la terre et pour préserver le réglage de la profondeur d'ouverture du sillon.  The frame 1 carries on the right side and opposite the opening disc 12, a scraper 58 juxtaposed to a face of the opener disc to disengage the glued earth; another scraper 59 is placed in the upper part of the arm 13 by means of a transverse rod, which scrapes 59 to a side juxtaposed around the circumference of the gauge wheel 14 so as to clear the earth and to preserve the adjustment of the depth opening of the furrow.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Semoir direct permettant d'ensemencer directement des terrains non préparés, comprenant une partie antérieure d'attelage (1), un châssis (9), un système (4, 5, 6, 7) de liaison de ce châssis (9) à la partie antérieure d'attelage (1), réalisant un montage flottant du châssis (9) par rapport à la partie antérieure d'attelage (1), avec pression du châssis (9) en direction du sol, le châssis (9) portant un disque ouvreur (12), une roue de jauge (14), un soc, et des bielles postérieures (16, 17, 18, 19), dites "de terrage", formant un parallélogramme déformable, reliées au châssis (9) d'une part et à un ensemble de support (20) d'autre part, cet ensemble de support (20) portant une roue de recouvrement latérale (21), permettant la refermeture du sillon crée par le disque ouvreur (12) ; 1. Direct seed drill for directly seeding unprepared pitches, comprising a front hitch portion (1), a frame (9), a system (4, 5, 6, 7) for connecting this frame (9). at the front hitching part (1), carrying out a floating mounting of the chassis (9) with respect to the front hitch portion (1), with the chassis (9) pressing towards the ground, the chassis (9) carrying an opener disc (12), a gauge wheel (14), a ploughshare, and posterior rods (16, 17, 18, 19), called "terrage", forming a deformable parallelogram, connected to the frame (9) on the one hand and a support assembly (20) on the other hand, this support assembly (20) carrying a lateral covering wheel (21), allowing the recess of the groove created by the opener disc (12);
caractérisé en ce que :  characterized in that
- le châssis (9) présente une partie antérieure s'étendant à l'aplomb du système de liaison (4, 5, 6, 7), portant le disque ouvreur (12) et la roue de jauge (14) montée sur elle ; ce disque ouvreur (12) et cette roue de jauge (14) sont montés sur cette partie antérieure de châssis de telle sorte que les axes de rotation du disque ouvreur (12) et de la roue de jauge (14) soient situés en un emplacement sensiblement compris à l'aplomb du système de liaison (4, 5, 6, 7) ; et  - the frame (9) has an anterior portion extending vertically above the connecting system (4, 5, 6, 7), carrying the opener disc (12) and the gauge wheel (14) mounted thereon; said opener disk (12) and said gauge wheel (14) are mounted on said front frame portion such that the axes of rotation of the opener disc (12) and the gauge wheel (14) are located at a location substantially within the connection system (4, 5, 6, 7); and
- le disque ouvreur (12) est incliné selon un angle d'attaque compris entre 5 et 15° et est incliné selon un angle d'entrure compris entre 8° et 18°.  - The opening disc (12) is inclined at an angle of attack of between 5 and 15 ° and is inclined at an angle of entry of between 8 ° and 18 °.
2. Semoir direct selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'angle d'attaque est de l'ordre de 9° à 10°, et en ce qu'il est, de façon encore préférée, de 9,8°. 2. direct drill according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle of attack is of the order of 9 ° to 10 °, and that it is, more preferably, 9.8 °.
3. Semoir direct selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'angle d'entrure est de l'ordre de 12° à 13°, et en ce qu'il est, de façon encore préférée, de 12,7°. 3. Direct seed drill according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the angle of entry is of the order of 12 ° to 13 °, and that it is, more preferably, 12 , 7 °.
4. Semoir direct selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que ladite partie d'attelage est sous la forme d'une bride de d'attelage (1). 4. Direct seed drill according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said coupling portion is in the form of a coupling flange (1).
5. Semoir direct selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le système de liaison est sous la forme de deux bielles, ou de deux paires de bielles (4, 5, 6, 7), formant un parallélogramme déformable, et d'un ressort (8) ou vérin reliant les deux bielles ou paire de bielles (4, 5, 6, 7) l'une à l'autre de façon à rappeler les bielles dans une position réalisant une pression du châssis (9) en direction du sol ; les axes du disque ouvreur (12) et de la roue de jauge (14) sont alors situés sensiblement entre l'aplomb de l'axe le plus antérieur par lequel l'une des bielles ou paire de bielles (4, 5, 6, 7) est montée sur la partie d'attelage (1) et l'aplomb de l'axe le plus postérieur au moyen duquel l'une des bielles ou paire de bielles (4, 5, 6, 7) est reliée au châssis (9). 5. direct seeder according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the connecting system is in the form of two rods, or two pairs of rods (4, 5, 6, 7), forming a deformable parallelogram , and a spring (8) or jack connecting the two connecting rods or pair of rods (4, 5, 6, 7) to each other so as to recall the rods in a position producing a pressure of the chassis ( 9) towards the ground; the axes of the opener disc (12) and of the gauge wheel (14) are then situated substantially between the plumb with the most anterior axis by which one of the connecting rods or pair of connecting rods (4, 5, 6, 7) is mounted on the coupling portion (1) and is plumb with the rearmost axis by means of which one of the connecting rods or pair of connecting rods (4, 5, 6, 7) is connected to the chassis ( 9).
6. Semoir direct selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le châssis (9) porte le soc (15) à une extrémité inférieure, positionné de façon oblique, ce soc étant solidaire du châssis et subissant les mouvements de ce dernier. 6. Seed drill according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the frame (9) carries the share (15) at a lower end, positioned obliquely, the share being secured to the frame and undergoing the movements of this last.
7. Semoir direct selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le châssis (9) est traversé en partie inférieure par un axe inférieur (10) qui porte sur un côté du châssis (9) un manche (11) pour le réglage de la roue de jauge (14) et sur le côté opposé du châssis (9), le disque ouvreur (12) et un bras (13) supportant la roue de jauge (14) ; le bras (13) est positionné parallèlement au disque ouvreur (12), est orienté vers l'arrière du semoir, et est solidaire de l'axe inférieur (10) qui le supporte ; le bras (13) est pourvu à mi-longueur d'un axe de rotation qui supporte la roue de jauge (14) positionnée de façon postérieure par rapport au disque ouvreur (12). 7. Seed drill according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the frame (9) is traversed in the lower part by a lower pin (10) which carries on one side of the frame (9) a handle (11) for adjusting the gauge wheel (14) and on the opposite side of the frame (9), the opening disc (12) and an arm (13) supporting the gauge wheel (14); the arm (13) is positioned parallel to the opener disc (12), is oriented towards the rear of the drill, and is integral with the lower axis (10) which supports it; the arm (13) is provided at mid-length with an axis of rotation which supports the gauge wheel (14) positioned posteriorly with respect to the opening disc (12).
8. Semoir direct selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le bras (13) porte à une extrémité supérieure un racloir (58) juxtaposé au pourtour de la roue de jauge (14). 8. direct seeder according to claim 7, characterized in that the arm (13) carries at an upper end a scraper (58) juxtaposed around the circumference of the gauge wheel (14).
9. Semoir direct selon la revendication 7 ou la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le manche (11) est doté en partie supérieure d'une partie coulissante permettant par le truchement d'une poignée de sortir ledit manche d'une position pour l'amener dans une autre position ; lesquelles positions sont matérialisées par une succession de crans (36) formés dans un sélecteur (35) fixé en partie haute du châssis (9), le sélecteur ayant une forme courbe et longitudinale de manière à être concentrique à l'axe inférieur (10) supportant ledit manche (11). 9. direct seeder according to claim 7 or claim 8, characterized in that the handle (11) is provided in the upper part with a sliding portion allowing through a handle to pull said handle from a position for the bring to another position; which positions are materialized by a succession of notches (36) formed in a selector (35) fixed in the upper part of the frame (9), the selector having a curved and longitudinal shape so as to be concentric with the lower axis (10) supporting said handle (11).
10. Semoir direct selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que : 10. Direct seed drill according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that:
- les extrémités des bielles de terrage (16, 17, 18, 19) sont accouplées par paires au moyen d'axes transversaux et d' entretoises tabulaires (37, 38) ;  - The ends of the earth rods (16, 17, 18, 19) are coupled in pairs by means of transverse axes and tabular spacers (37, 38);
- la paire de bielles de terrage située à un niveau supérieur a des chants supérieurs comportant des dents (46) juxtaposées sur un même plan, sur lesquelles dents se déplace un élément de pression (47) placé de manière transversale sur lesdits chants supérieur des bielles de terrage (16, 17, 18, 19) ; l'élément de pression (47) comporte aux extrémités et de façon symétrique, des tétons pour réaliser son emboîtement sur les dents (46) lors de son cheminement par rotation sur les chants des bielles de terrage (16, 17, 18, 19) ;  - The pair of connecting rods located at a higher level has upper edges with teeth (46) juxtaposed on the same plane, on which moves a pressure element (47) placed transversely on said upper edges of the connecting rods. grounding (16, 17, 18, 19); the pressure element (47) has at the ends and in a symmetrical manner, studs for interlocking with the teeth (46) during its rotation path on the edges of the connecting rods (16, 17, 18, 19). ;
- les paires de bielles de terrage sont asservies par un moyen élastique tel qu'un ressort (49) exerçant une tension vers le bas, dont une des extrémités du ressort est fixée sur une partie inférieure du châssis (9) et une autre extrémité dudit ressort est fixée sur l'élément de pression (47).  - the pair of earth rods are controlled by an elastic means such as a spring (49) exerting a downward tension, one of the ends of the spring is fixed on a lower portion of the frame (9) and another end of said spring is attached to the pressure element (47).
11. Semoir direct selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble de support est formé par une platine (20) surmontée de deux ailes (40) disposées en parallèles ; sur ces ailes, pivotent les extrémités postérieures des bielles de terrage (16, 17, 18, 19). 11. Seed drill according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the support assembly is formed by a plate (20) surmounted by two wings (40) arranged in parallel; on these wings, pivot the rear ends of the connecting rods (16, 17, 18, 19).
12. Semoir direct selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble de support inclut un crabot (60) d'axe vertical, permettant un réglage de l'orientation de la roue de recouvrement (21) par rapport à l'axe antérieur- postérieur du semoir. 12. Seed drill according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the support assembly includes a clutch (60) of vertical axis, allowing adjustment of the orientation of the cover wheel (21) by relative to the anterior-posterior axis of the drill.
PCT/IB2016/052175 2015-04-17 2016-04-15 Direct seed drill for directly seeding unprepared land WO2016166727A1 (en)

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FR1500845A FR3034954B1 (en) 2015-04-17 2015-04-17 DIRECT DRYER FOR ALL SEEDS: BUT, BLES, CEREALS

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US20170086360A1 (en) * 2015-09-30 2017-03-30 Deere & Company Seed firmer
US9839178B2 (en) * 2015-09-30 2017-12-12 Deere & Company Seed firmer
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US10091927B2 (en) 2015-09-30 2018-10-09 Deere & Company Seed firmer
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CN107593050A (en) * 2017-10-26 2018-01-19 贵州师范大学 A kind of automatic seed broadcaster
EP3607808A1 (en) * 2018-08-10 2020-02-12 Kverneland Group Les Landes Genusson S.A.S. An implement for soil preparation
CN112042327A (en) * 2020-10-28 2020-12-08 河北宗亚农业机械有限公司 Sowing device applied to double seedling belt precision seeder
SE2151544A1 (en) * 2021-12-16 2023-06-17 Vaederstad Holding Ab Row unit for agricultural implement, agricultural implement comprising closing wheel and method of adjusting closing wheel
WO2023111171A2 (en) 2021-12-16 2023-06-22 Väderstad Holding Ab Row unit for agricultural implement, agricultural implement comprising closing wheel and method of adjusting closing wheel
IT202200017271A1 (en) * 2022-08-12 2024-02-12 Vsd S R L AUTOMATED MODULAR HYDRAULIC SEED DRILL
US20240172584A1 (en) * 2022-08-18 2024-05-30 G.B.G.I., Inc. Method and apparatus for utilizing a lower parallel planting arm

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