WO2016047161A1

WO2016047161A1 - Electrolytic device and electrolyzed water generation method

Info

Publication number: WO2016047161A1
Application number: PCT/JP2015/054981
Authority: WO
Inventors: 横田　昌広; 英男太田; 千草　尚; 松田　秀三
Original assignee: 株式会社東芝
Priority date: 2014-09-22
Filing date: 2015-02-23
Publication date: 2016-03-31
Also published as: CN106460206A; US20160194770A1

Abstract

An electrolytic device according to an embodiment comprises: an electrolytic cell (10) including a first diaphragm (17a) separating an intermediate compartment (18a) through which an electrolytic solution flows and an anode compartment (18b), a second diaphragm (17b) separating the intermediate compartment (18a) and a cathode compartment (18c), an anode (15a) arranged in the anode compartment (18b) to face the first diaphragm (17a), and a cathode (15b) arranged in the cathode compartment (18c) to face the second diaphragm (17b); a water supply unit (80) for supplying water to the anode compartment (18b) and the cathode compartment (18c), and intermittently varying the amount of water supply to and water discharge from the anode compartment (18b) and/or the cathode compartment (18c); an electrolytic solution supply unit (20) for supplying and discharging the electrolytic solution to and from the intermediate compartment (18a); and a control unit (500) for electrolyzing the electrolytic solution by applying a voltage to the anode (15a) and the cathode (15b) while the amount of water supply to and water discharge from the anode compartment (18b) and/or the cathode compartment (18c) is reduced or water is static in the anode compartment (18b) and/or the cathode compartment (18c).

Description

ELECTROLYTIC DEVICE AND ELECTROLYTIC WATER GENERATING METHOD

Embodiment described here is related with the electrolyzer and the electrolyzed water production | generation method.

(Citation of related application)
This application is based on the preceding Japanese patent application No. 2014-192939 filed on September 22, 2014, and seeks the benefit of its priority, and the entire content of this Japanese patent application is incorporated by reference. Included in this application.

Conventionally, an electrolyzed water generating apparatus having a three-chamber electrolytic cell has been used as an apparatus for generating alkaline ionized water, ozone water, hypochlorous acid water, or the like. In the three-chamber type electrolytic cell, the inside of the casing is divided into three chambers, an anode chamber, an intermediate chamber, and a cathode chamber, by a diaphragm composed of a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane. An anode and a cathode are respectively disposed in the anode chamber and the cathode chamber.

In such an electrolyzed water generating device, for example, salt water is flowed in the intermediate chamber, water is flowed in the left and right cathode chambers and the anode chamber, and the salt water in the intermediate chamber is electrolyzed with the cathode and the anode, thereby being generated in the anode chamber. Hypochlorous acid water is generated from chlorine gas, and sodium hydroxide water is generated in the cathode chamber. The produced hypochlorous acid water is used as sterilizing / disinfecting water, and sodium hydroxide water is used as washing water. Documents related to the above-described technology are shown below, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Japanese Patent No. 3500173

However, the anion exchange membrane that partitions the intermediate chamber and the anode chamber is poor in durability to chlorine gas and acid alkali generated at the anode. In the three-chamber type electrolytic cell as described above, the electrode, the ion exchange membrane, and the like are caused by a difference in water pressure between the anode chamber and / or the cathode chamber and the intermediate chamber generated when water and an electrolyte solution are supplied to the electrolytic cell. There is a case where a gap is generated between the two and the electrolytic characteristics fluctuate.

The problem dealt with by this embodiment is to provide an electrolyzing device or an electrolyzed water generating method for improving durability or electrolysis efficiency.

According to the embodiment, the electrolysis device is opposed to the first diaphragm that is divided into an intermediate chamber and an anode chamber through which the electrolyte solution flows, the second diaphragm that is divided into the intermediate chamber and the cathode chamber, and the first diaphragm. An electrolytic cell comprising an anode provided in the anode chamber and a cathode provided in the cathode chamber facing the second diaphragm; and supplying water to the anode chamber and the cathode chamber; A water supply unit that intermittently varies a supply and discharge amount of water to at least one of the anode chamber and the cathode chamber; an electrolyte solution supply unit that supplies and discharges an electrolyte solution to and from the intermediate chamber; and the anode chamber and the A control unit that applies a voltage to the anode and the cathode to electrolyze the electrolyte solution in a state where the supply / discharge amount of water is small or is still water in at least one of the cathode chambers.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an electrolysis apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of an electrolysis apparatus according to the second embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of an electrolysis apparatus according to the third embodiment. FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of an electrolysis apparatus according to the fourth embodiment.

Hereinafter, various embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol shall be attached | subjected to a common structure through embodiment, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted. In addition, each drawing is a schematic diagram for promoting the embodiment and its understanding, and its shape, dimensions, ratio, etc. are different from the actual device, but these are considered in consideration of the following description and known techniques. The design can be changed as appropriate. In the present application, “static water” does not necessarily require that the fluid be in a completely static state. Hydrostatic means that the kinetics of the fluid is so gentle that ionic substances that do not want to permeate move through the porous membrane that does not have ion selectivity only slightly enough within a given time. Or it may mean that the pressure of the fluid is sufficiently small.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing the overall configuration of the electrolysis apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the electrolysis apparatus 1 includes a three-chamber type electrolytic cell 10. The electrolytic cell 10 includes, for example, a substantially rectangular box-shaped casing. The inside of the casing is divided into an intermediate chamber 18a and an anode chamber 18b and a cathode chamber 18c located on both sides of the intermediate chamber 18a by the first diaphragm 17a and the second diaphragm 17b. In this embodiment, the 1st diaphragm 17a and the 2nd diaphragm 17b are each comprised with the porous film of the same specification. An anode 15a is provided in the anode chamber 18b close to the first diaphragm 17a, and a cathode 15b is provided in the cathode chamber 18c close to the second diaphragm 17b.

The intermediate chamber 18a has a first inflow port 14a into which the electrolyte solution flows and a first outflow port 14b through which the electrolyte solution that has flowed through the intermediate chamber 18a is discharged. The anode chamber 18b has a second inlet 12a through which electrolytic water flows and a second outlet 12b through which the electrolytic water that has flowed through the anode chamber 18b is discharged. The cathode chamber 18c has a third inlet 16a through which electrolytic water flows and a third outlet 16b through which the electrolytic water that has flowed through the cathode chamber 18c is discharged. In the first embodiment, the capacities of the anode chamber 18b and the cathode chamber 18c are both 500 cc. Generally, when the capacity of the anode chamber 18b and the cathode chamber 18c is 200 cc or more, the cycle of the intermittent operation described below is not shortened, and the control becomes easy.

The porous membranes constituting the first diaphragm 17a and the second diaphragm 17b basically have no ion selective permeability but are resistant to chlorine gas, such as oxide ceramic, PVDF (polyvinylidenedifluoride) resin, PTFE. (Polytetrafluoroethylene) resin can be selected. However, in order to use a porous membrane as a diaphragm of an electrolytic cell, it must be able to permeate the electrolyte. Since the porous membrane does not have an ion selection system, as a result, selection of a porous membrane having water permeability is indispensable. A porous membrane having a water permeability of, for example, 10 ml / min / cm ² / MPa can be used.

On the other hand, when a porous membrane having no water permeability but having water permeability is used, excess substances, for example, cations unnecessary for the anode chamber 18b are also transmitted due to a difference in water pressure between both sides of the diaphragm. Therefore, when saline is supplied to the intermediate chamber 18a, there is a concern that unnecessary salt content may be mixed into the anode chamber 18b or the cathode chamber 18c depending on the water pressure difference.

If the porous membrane having the above water permeability is used, the relative water pressure with respect to the anode chamber 18b and the cathode chamber 18c of the intermediate chamber 18a is set to 2 kPa or less, thereby generating the anode chamber 18b and the cathode chamber 18c. The salt content in alkaline water and acidic water is 300 ppm or less, and can meet the tap water standard. Furthermore, if a porous membrane having a water permeability in the range of 0.1 to 10 ml / min / cm ² / MPa and a pore diameter in the range of 2 to 100 nm is used, the relative water pressure is 1 to 10 kPa. Even within this range, salt contamination can be prevented. As the porous membrane having the above water permeability and pore size, for example, it is desirable to use an ultrafiltration membrane.

As will be described below, the electrolyzer 1 of the present embodiment can perform electrolysis in a state where the saline solution in the intermediate chamber 18a, the anode chamber 18b, and the water in the cathode chamber 18c are still. In other words, it is possible to perform electrolysis at a relative water pressure of 0 kPa or at a sufficiently small pressure, in which case the water permeability is within the range of 0.1 to 100 ml / min / cm ² / MPa. Even if a porous membrane having a pore diameter in the range of 2 to 1000 nm is used, salt contamination can be prevented. Moreover, in the porous membrane whose water permeability exceeds 100 mL / min / cm ² / MPa, unnecessary salt content is mixed by diffusion even if the water pressure difference is eliminated. In a porous membrane having a water permeability of 0.1 mL / min / cm ² / MPa or less, an electrolyte necessary for electrolysis cannot be sufficiently permeated and desired electrolysis cannot be performed.

In addition to the electrolytic cell 10, the electrolyzer 1 includes an electrolytic solution supply unit 20 that supplies an electrolytic solution, for example, saturated saline, to the intermediate chamber 18 a of the electrolytic cell 10, and electrolytic water, for example, to the anode chamber 18 b and the cathode chamber 18 c. A water supply unit 80 for supplying water, and a power source 40 for applying a positive voltage and a negative voltage to the anode 15a and the cathode 15b, respectively.

The electrolyte solution supply unit 20 includes a salt water tank (electrolyte solution tank) 70 that generates and stores a saturated saline solution, a supply pipe 20a that guides the saturated saline solution from the salt water tank 70 to the intermediate chamber 18a through the first inflow port 14a, and a supply pipe 20a. A liquid feed pump 50 provided therein and a discharge pipe 20b for circulating the saline flowing through the intermediate chamber 18a from the first outlet 14b to the salt water tank 70 again are provided. As shown in FIG. 1, the electrolysis apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment has a specification in which a saline solution as an electrolyte solution is circulated between the intermediate chamber 18 a and the salt water tank 70 by a liquid feed pump 50.

A solenoid valve 100 and a liquid feed pump 50, which will be described later, provided in the water supply pipe 80a are connected to the control unit 500, and the operation is controlled by the control unit 50. The liquid feed pump 50 operates and stops every 5 seconds in conjunction with the electromagnetic valve 100. That is, the liquid feed pump 50 is repeatedly operated and stopped with 10 seconds as one cycle. The water pressure in the intermediate chamber 18a when the liquid feed pump 50 is operated is about 5 to 15 kPa, and the water pressure in the intermediate chamber 18a when the liquid feed pump 50 is stopped is 0 kPa or an infinitely small water pressure. In addition, the salt solution in the intermediate chamber 18a quickly becomes hydrostatic as the liquid feed pump 50 is stopped.

The water supply pressure of the liquid feed pump 50 and the opening / closing time of the electromagnetic valve 100 may be determined according to the capacity of the electrolytic cell 10. However, when a saturated saline solution is used as the electrolyte solution, the amount of electrolyte consumed is extremely small compared to the amount of flowing water, and therefore the operation of the liquid feeding pump 50 does not necessarily have to coincide with the time when the electromagnetic valve 100 is opened. For example, the operation time of the liquid feed pump 50 may be 2 seconds and the stop time may be 8 seconds, or at 2-10 cycles, that is, at the timing when the electromagnetic valve 100 is opened only once every 20-100 seconds. The liquid feed pump 50 may be operated by thinning the operation frequency so as to operate.

In this embodiment, the system is switched between water supply and static water by operating and stopping the liquid supply pump 50, but the essence of the embodiment is to control the water pressure by intermittently changing the amount of flowing water. Therefore, the electrolysis apparatus 1 does not necessarily need to be controlled only by operating and stopping the liquid feeding pump 50. For example, the water supply amount of the liquid feed pump 50 may be changed using an inverter circuit, and the time for increasing the water supply amount and the time for decreasing the water supply amount may be intermittently performed. That is, in the electrolysis apparatus 1 according to the embodiment, appropriate water pressure control may be switched intermittently.

The water supply unit 80 includes a water supply source (not shown) for supplying water, a water supply pipe 80a for guiding water from the water supply source to the lower part of the anode chamber 18b and the cathode chamber 18c, and an electromagnetic valve 100 provided in the water supply pipe 80a. A first drain pipe 80b for discharging water flowing through the anode chamber 18b from the second outlet 12b of the anode chamber 18b, and a second drain for discharging water flowing through the cathode chamber 18c from the third outlet 16b of the cathode chamber 18c. A pipe 80c and

check valves

400b and 400c provided in the first drain pipe 80b and the second drain pipe 80c are provided.

The water supply pipe 80a branches into two branches from the solenoid valve 100, one end of the branched pipe is connected to the second inlet 12a provided in the anode chamber 18b, and the other end is provided in the cathode chamber 18c. The three inflow ports 16a are connected.

Due to the presence of the

check valves

400b and 400c provided in the first drain pipe 80b and the second drain pipe 80c, the generated acidic water and alkaline water have a higher water pressure in the anode chamber 18b and the cathode chamber 18c than a predetermined value. Although it is discharged in some cases, it does not flow backward from the downstream side to the anode chamber 18b and cathode chamber 18c side. Therefore, it is possible to suppress an increase in the internal pressure of the piping system due to the gas generated during electrolysis and the backflow of the generated acidic water and alkaline water. In addition, the

check valves

400b and 400c can prevent the entry of insects and air from the outside.

In the water supply pipe 80a, the first drain pipe 80b, and the second drain pipe 80c, when the water pressure of the supply source is adjusted to 0.2 MPa, which is the standard water pressure, by a regulator or the like, the standard flow rate is 1 L / 5 seconds. Is set to At this time, the flow path and the piping are configured so that the water pressure in the anode chamber 18b and the cathode chamber 18c is 20 to 30 kPa.

Also, the solenoid valve 100 repeats the operation of opening for 5 seconds and closing for 5 seconds in conjunction with the liquid feed pump 50. As a result, while the solenoid valve 100 is open, the water in the anode chamber 18b and the cathode chamber 18c is pushed out by 1 L in 5 seconds, and the water in the anode chamber 18b and the cathode chamber 18c each having a capacity of 500 cc is completely replaced. I am doing so.

Accordingly, the water pressure in the anode chamber 18b and the cathode chamber 18c is 0 kPa when the solenoid valve 100 is closed, or 20 to 30 kPa when the solenoid valve 100 is open when the solenoid valve 100 is open. . On the other hand, the water pressure in the intermediate chamber 18a is 0 kPa or an infinitely small water pressure when the liquid feed pump 50 is stopped, and 5 to 15 kPa when the liquid feed pump 50 is operating. For this reason, the solenoid valve 100 is always open at the timing when the liquid feed pump 50 is operating, and the water pressure in the anode chamber 18b and the cathode chamber 18c becomes higher than the water pressure in the intermediate chamber 18a, and the water pressure from the intermediate chamber 18a increases. Salt is prevented from being mixed into the anode chamber 18b and / or the cathode chamber 18c through the porous film.

In the above description, the water supplied and discharged to the anode chamber 18b and the cathode chamber 18c by intermittently opening and closing the electromagnetic valve 100 is assumed to repeat water supply and static water intermittently. However, it is more important for the electrolytic apparatus of this embodiment to intermittently control the flowing water pressure. The control of the flowing water pressure may be realized by reducing the amount of water supplied to the anode chamber 18b, the cathode chamber 19c, and the intermediate chamber 18a. For example, a water supply pump may be provided in the water supply pipe 80a, the water supply amount of the water supply pump may be controlled by inverter control, and during electrolysis, the water supply amount may be reduced to reduce the water pressure to a predetermined value or less. In other words, the electrolytic solution may be electrolyzed by applying a voltage to the anode 15a and the cathode 15c in a state where the supply / discharge amount of water to the anode chamber 18b and the cathode chamber 18c is small.

Hereinafter, an operation of actually electrolyzing a saline solution to generate acidic water (hypochlorous acid and hydrochloric acid) and alkaline water (sodium hydroxide) by the electrolysis apparatus 1 configured as described above will be described. In the first embodiment, the liquid feed pump 50, the power source 40, and the electromagnetic valve 100 are controlled by the control unit 500, and the supply and discharge of the liquid, the opening and closing of the valve, and the application of the voltage are appropriately synchronized. Suppose that

First, the water pressure of the water supply source is set to a standard water pressure of 0.2 MPa with a regulator or the like, and when the solenoid valve 100 is opened, for example, the pressure is adjusted so that the water supply amount is 24 L / min. Subsequently, the operation / stop of the liquid feed pump 50 and the opening / closing of the solenoid valve 100 are synchronized to supply saturated saline to the intermediate chamber 18a of the electrolytic cell 10, and water is supplied to the anode chamber 18b and the cathode chamber 18c. Supply water. The operation time of the liquid feed pump 50 and the opening time of the electromagnetic valve 100 are each 5 seconds. Subsequently, the liquid feed pump 50 is stopped and the solenoid valve 100 is closed simultaneously for 5 seconds. That is, the operation stop of the liquid feed pump 50 and the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve 100 are repeatedly performed with 10 seconds as one cycle while being synchronized. The operation stoppage of the liquid feed pump 50 and the opening / closing cycle of the solenoid valve may be adjusted as appropriate in consideration of the capacity of the anode chamber 18b, the cathode chamber 18c and the intermediate chamber 18a and / or the water pressure of the water supply source.

Generally, when the capacity of the anode chamber 18b and the cathode chamber 18c is 200 cc or more, the cycle of the intermittent operation becomes longer and control becomes easier. In addition, if the cycle of intermittent operation is long, the burden on the apparatus is reduced and the life of the liquid feed pump is extended. The amount of water to be supplied by opening the solenoid valve 100 is about 2000 cc, which is twice the total of the capacity of the anode chamber 18a and the capacity of the cathode chamber 18a. In other words, an extra amount of water about twice the capacity of each room is sent to replace with new water.

While the liquid feed pump 50 is stopped and the solenoid valve 100 is closed, the saline solution and water in the intermediate chamber 18a, the anode chamber 18b, and the cathode chamber 18c become static water, and the water pressure in each chamber is 0 kPa or a sufficiently small water pressure. Become. During this time, voltage is applied to the anode 15a and the cathode 15b, and electrolysis is performed. The control unit 500 synchronizes the stop of the first liquid feeding pump 50, the closing of the electromagnetic valve 100, and the application of voltage to the anode 15a and the cathode 15b. In the above setting, on average, the anode chamber 18b and the cathode chamber 18c generate 6 L / min of acidic water and alkaline water, respectively.

As described above, the water supply pressure of the liquid supply pump 50 is approximately 5 to 15 kPa, and the water supply pressure of the feed water source is approximately 20 to 30 kPa. Therefore, even when the

porous membranes

17a and 17b having water permeability are used, the water pressure in the anode chamber 18b and the cathode chamber 18c is compared with the water pressure in the intermediate chamber 18a when the saline and water are fed to the electrolytic cell 10. Thus, the salinity does not mix from the intermediate chamber 18a into the anode chamber 18b and / or the cathode chamber 18c. Further, even when the saline solution and the water are in a still water state, there is no difference in water pressure between the chambers, so that no salt is mixed from the intermediate chamber 18a into the anode chamber 18b and / or the cathode chamber 18c.

While a voltage is applied to the anode 15a and the cathode 15b and electrolysis is performed, sodium ions ionized in the saline flowing into the intermediate chamber 18a are attracted to the cathode 15b and pass through the second diaphragm 17b. , Flows into the cathode chamber 18c. And in the cathode chamber 18c, water decomposes | disassembles and produces | generates hydrogen gas and produces | generates sodium hydroxide aqueous solution. At the same time, chlorine ions and water can pass through the permeable second diaphragm 17b. However, since the water pressure in each chamber is zero during electrolysis, the amount of chlorine ions passing is suppressed to a slight amount below the tap water standard. . The aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and hydrogen gas thus generated are discharged from the third outlet 16b of the cathode chamber 18c through the second discharge pipe 80c.

Further, the chlorine ions ionized in the saline solution in the intermediate chamber 18a are attracted to the anode 15a, pass through the porous membrane 17a, and flow into the anode chamber 18b. Then, chlorine gas is generated at the anode 15a, and the chlorine gas reacts with water in the anode chamber 18b to generate hypochlorous acid and hydrochloric acid. At the same time, sodium ions and water can pass through the water-permeable porous membrane 17a. However, since the water pressure in each chamber is zero during electrolysis, the passing amount of sodium ions is suppressed to a slight amount below the tap water standard. The acidic water (hypochlorous acid and hydrochloric acid) generated in this way flows out from the second outlet 12b of the anode chamber 18b through the first discharge pipe 80b.
Thereafter, the processing described above is repeated. The above is description of a series of electrolyzed water production | generation operation | movement at the time of using the electrolyzer 1 of 1st Embodiment.

As described above, in the electrolysis device 1 according to the first embodiment, not only when each of the saline solution and the water is in a still water state, but also when each of the saline solution and the water is being fed, the anode The water pressure in the chamber 18b and the cathode chamber 18c is higher than the water pressure in the intermediate chamber 18a, and salt is prevented from being mixed into the anode chamber 18b and the cathode chamber 18c from the intermediate chamber 18a.

According to the first embodiment of the present invention employing the above-described configuration, the electrolysis apparatus 1 including the three-chamber electrolytic cell uses a highly resistant and water-permeable porous membrane as the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm. In addition to using it, the water flow in each chamber is hydrostatic during electrolysis to eliminate the difference in water pressure, and when water is supplied, the intermediate chamber is set to a negative pressure from the other chambers to prevent salt from entering the anode and cathode chambers. On the other hand, the diaphragm is not easily destroyed by chlorine gas or the like, and stable electrolysis can be performed.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the electrolysis apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment. In the electrolysis apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment, an anode auxiliary chamber 90b and a cathode auxiliary chamber 90c having a capacity of 2L are further provided in the first drain pipe 80b and the second drain pipe 80c. In the second embodiment, the other configuration of the electrolysis apparatus 1 is the same as that of the electrolysis apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment.

As described above, when the auxiliary anode chamber 90b and the auxiliary cathode chamber 90c are provided, the amount of water to be supplied at one time can be increased even if the capacity of the positive electrode chamber 18b and the negative electrode chamber 18c is reduced, and the solenoid valve 100 can be supplied. The period of the intermittent operation such as opening and closing of can be increased to, for example, 30 seconds (for example, the electromagnetic valve 100 is opened for 6 seconds and closed for 24 seconds). That is, in the electrolysis apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment, the burden on the apparatus is reduced. The opening / closing cycle of the solenoid valve 100 is not limited to 30 seconds, but may be 20 seconds, 40 seconds, 50 seconds, or 60 seconds. Further, the ratio of the time for opening and closing the electromagnetic valve 100 is not limited to 1: 4 and can be changed as appropriate. For example, the time for opening the solenoid valve 100 can be shortened by increasing the diameters of the water supply pipe 80a, the first drain pipe 80b, and the second drain pipe 80c.

In intermittent water supply operation, when the water in the electrolytic cell 10 is replaced, the water cannot be replaced successfully unless more water than the electrolytic cell 10 is supplied. For this reason, in order to replace the electrolyte solution, the amount of water to be supplied in excess of the capacity of the electrolytic cell 10 is anticipated, and alkaline water and acidic water are generated so that the electrolytic product is thicker than the target concentration. On the other hand, the hypochlorous acid water generated in the anode chamber 18b increases in acidity when the concentration is excessively increased, and a part of hypochlorous acid becomes chlorine gas, and the generation efficiency of hypochlorous acid decreases. End up.

In the second embodiment, an auxiliary chamber is provided in the drainage pipe separately from the electrolytic cell 10 so as to communicate with the electrolytic cell 10. For this reason, the combined capacity of the anode chamber 18b (cathode chamber 18c) and the anode auxiliary chamber 90b (cathode auxiliary chamber 90b) is increased, so that excess water during water feeding is reduced and the concentration of hypochlorous acid water is not easily increased. It is configured.

The electrolysis apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment adopting the above configuration has a long cycle of intermittent operation, so that the burden on the apparatus is reduced and the electrolysis efficiency of the anode chamber 18b is maintained at a high level.

According to the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the electrolysis apparatus 1 including the three-chamber electrolytic cell prevents the salt from entering the anode chamber and the cathode chamber, and the diaphragm is discarded by chlorine gas or the like. Therefore, stable electrolysis can be performed.

(Third embodiment)
FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of the electrolysis apparatus 1 according to the third embodiment. According to the electrolysis apparatus 1 according to the third embodiment, water-tight

ion exchange membranes

13a and 13b are used as the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm of the electrolytic cell 10, and the room in the electrolytic cell 10 is partitioned. Yes. Further, the liquid feeding pump 50 is always operated without being intermittently operated. That is, a saturated saline solution is always allowed to flow into the intermediate chamber 18a. In 3rd Embodiment, the other structure of the electrolyzer 1 is the same as that of the electrolyzer 1 which concerns on 1st Embodiment.

In the electrolysis apparatus 1 according to the third embodiment, a water pressure of 10 kPa is always applied to the intermediate chamber 18a, while water is intermittently sent to the anode chamber 18b and the cathode chamber 18c by the electromagnetic valve 100 to perform electrolysis. Is performed when the water in the anode chamber 18b and the cathode chamber 18c is in a still water state and the water pressure is 0 kPa. Therefore, during electrolysis, the water pressure in the intermediate chamber 18a is higher than that in the anode chamber 18b and the cathode chamber 18c, and the ion exchange membrane is in close contact with the electrode by water pressure. Therefore, the production efficiency and water quality stability of alkaline water and acidic water are improved.

In general, an inexpensive pump has a low water supply pressure of about 10 kPa, and the water pressure on the intermediate chamber 18a side is low in a state where water flows into the anode chamber 18b and the cathode chamber 18c. However, in the embodiment of FIG. 3, since there is no flowing water pressure in the anode chamber 18b and the cathode chamber 18c during electrolysis, the intermediate chamber 18a is electrolyzed in a desirable state with a positive pressure relative to the anode chamber 18b and the cathode chamber 18c. can do.

According to the third embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the electrolysis apparatus 1 including the three-chamber electrolytic cell can perform stable electrolysis while preventing the salt from being mixed into the anode chamber and the cathode chamber.

(Fourth embodiment)
FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of an electrolysis apparatus 1 according to the fourth embodiment. In the electrolysis apparatus 1 according to the fourth embodiment, the electromagnetic valve 100 is provided in the water supply pipe 80a connected to the second inlet 12a of the anode chamber 18b, and only the anode chamber 18b is intermittently fed with water. In the fourth embodiment, the cathode chamber 18c is configured to constantly flow at a predetermined flow rate. In this case, a water pressure difference is generated between the cathode chamber 18c and the intermediate chamber 18a, but no water pressure difference is generated between the anode chamber 18b and the intermediate chamber 18a. Therefore, it is possible to prevent salt from being mixed into the anode chamber 18b. Moreover, if the porous membrane 17a resistant to chlorine gas is used as the first diaphragm, stable electrolysis can be performed. Considering the use of sodium hydroxide water, the second diaphragm that partitions the cathode chamber 18c and the intermediate chamber 18a uses a cation exchange membrane 13b that does not have water permeability and does not contain salt even if there is a difference in water pressure. It was. In this case, since the kind of diaphragm to be used is different between the anode chamber 18b and the cathode chamber 18c, the pH of the saline used for electrolysis tends to fluctuate. Therefore, the salt solution is basically subjected to electrolysis in a still water state, and when the consumption of the salt solution reaches a limit, the salt solution is replaced (for example, the first liquid feeding pump 50 is operated once every 30 minutes). ) It was configured to be discarded. For this reason, a check valve 400 is provided in the supply pipe 20a so that the salt water whose water quality has changed from the intermediate chamber 18a does not reversely diffuse. In the fourth embodiment, the other configuration of the electrolysis apparatus 1 is the same as that of the electrolysis apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment.

According to the fourth embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the electrolysis apparatus 1 including the three-chamber electrolytic cell is separated from the anode chamber 18b and the cathode chamber 18c by salt gas while preventing the salt from entering the anode chamber 18b and the cathode chamber 18c. Is less likely to be destroyed and stable electrolysis can be performed.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment as it is, and can be embodied by modifying the constituent elements without departing from the scope of the invention in the implementation stage. In addition, various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining a plurality of components disclosed in the embodiment. For example, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in the embodiment. Furthermore, constituent elements over different embodiments may be appropriately combined.

For example, the electrolyte solution may be other than saline and can be selected in a timely manner according to the application. Furthermore, the electrolyzed water to be generated is not limited to hypochlorous acid water or sodium hydroxide water, and can be selected in a timely manner according to the application.

In addition, the opening / closing time of the solenoid valve 100 and the time for electrolysis described in the above embodiments can be appropriately changed according to the purpose. For example, when the concentration of hypochlorous acid to be generated is changed to double, the value of the voltage applied to the anode 15a may be doubled, and the time for closing the solenoid valve 100 without changing the value of the applied voltage. May be about twice as long. In addition, the time for opening the solenoid valve 100 can be shortened by increasing the set value of the water supply pressure of the liquid feed pump 50.

Claims

A first diaphragm partitioned into an intermediate chamber and an anode chamber through which an electrolyte solution flows; a second diaphragm partitioned into the intermediate chamber and the cathode chamber; an anode provided in the anode chamber facing the first diaphragm; An electrolytic cell comprising: a cathode provided in the cathode chamber facing the second diaphragm;
A water supply unit for supplying water to the anode chamber and the cathode chamber, and for intermittently changing the supply and discharge amount of water to at least one of the anode chamber and the cathode chamber;
An electrolyte solution supply unit for supplying and discharging the electrolyte solution to and from the intermediate chamber;
A controller that electrolyzes the electrolyte solution by applying a voltage to the anode and the cathode in a state where the supply / discharge amount of the water is small or hydrostatic in at least one of the anode chamber and the cathode chamber; ,
An electrolysis apparatus comprising:
The water supply unit includes a water supply pipe that guides water from a water supply source to the anode chamber and the cathode chamber, and an electromagnetic valve that is provided in the water supply pipe and opens and closes the water supply pipe.
2. The electrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control unit intermittently opens and closes the electromagnetic valve for a predetermined time to control intermittent supply and discharge of water to at least one of the anode chamber and the cathode chamber.
3. The water pressure when at least one of the anode chamber and the cathode chamber from which the intermittent water supply and discharge are performed is such that the supply / discharge amount of the water is small or the water is still water is 10 KPa or less. The electrolyzer described in 1.
At least one of the anode chamber and the cathode chamber from which the intermittent supply and discharge of water is performed has a lower water pressure than the water pressure of the intermediate chamber when the amount of water supply and discharge is small or when the water is still. Item 4. The electrolysis apparatus according to any one of Items 1 to 3.
At least one of the anode chamber and the cathode chamber where the intermittent water supply / discharge is performed is such that the water pressure when the water supply / discharge amount increases is the intermediate pressure when the water supply / discharge amount increases. The electrolyzer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the electrolyzer is higher than a water pressure in the chamber.
6. The device according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the anode chamber and the cathode chamber from which the intermittent water supply / discharge is performed is partitioned from the intermediate chamber by a porous film having water permeability. Electrolytic device.
The electrolytic device according to claim 6, wherein the water permeability of the porous membrane is in a range of 0.1 to 100 mL / min / cm 2 / MPa.
The electrolyzer according to claim 6 or 7, wherein a pore diameter of the porous membrane is in a range of 2 to 1000 nm.
The electrolyzer according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a volume of at least one of the anode chamber and the cathode chamber from which the intermittent water supply is discharged is 200 cc or more.
A drainage pipe connected to at least one of the anode chamber and the cathode chamber from which the intermittent supply and discharge of water is performed has an auxiliary chamber, and the volume of the anode chamber and the volume of the cathode chamber are the volumes of the auxiliary chamber. The electrolysis apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the electrolysis apparatus is 200 cc or more.
The electrolyzer according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the amount of water supplied intermittently is larger than the volume of at least one of the anode chamber and the cathode chamber from which the intermittent water supply is discharged. .
The electrolyzer according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein a check valve is provided in a drain pipe connected to at least one of the anode chamber and the cathode chamber from which the intermittent supply and discharge of water is performed.
The check valve is a safety valve that opens above a predetermined water pressure, and a predetermined water pressure is applied to at least one of the anode chamber and the cathode chamber from which the intermittent supply and discharge of water is performed. The electrolyzer according to claim 12.
The electrolyzer according to claim 13, wherein the predetermined water pressure is 10 KPa or less.
The electrolyzer according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the electrolyte solution supplied to the intermediate chamber is in a state where the amount of water supplied to the electrolyte solution during electrolysis is small or still.
The electrolyte solution supply unit includes an electrolyte solution tank that stores the electrolyte solution, a supply pipe that guides the electrolyte solution in the electrolyte solution tank to the intermediate chamber, and a water supply pump that is provided in the supply pipe. The electrolysis apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the unit intermittently supplies the electrolyte solution to the intermediate chamber by the water pump.
The said electrolyte solution supply part is provided with the discharge piping which discharges the electrolyte solution which flowed through the said intermediate chamber from the said intermediate chamber, and the non-return valve provided in the said discharge piping. 2. The electrolysis apparatus according to item 1.
The check valve has a lower supply or discharge amount of water supplied to at least one of the anode chamber and the cathode chamber from which the intermittent supply and discharge of water is performed, or higher than a water pressure when the water is still water. The electrolyzer according to claim 17, which is a safety valve opened by water pressure.
An intermediate chamber partitioned by a first diaphragm and a second diaphragm; an anode chamber and a cathode chamber located on both sides of the intermediate chamber; an anode provided in the anode chamber facing the first diaphragm; An electrolyzed water generating method for generating electrolyzed water by an electrolyzer comprising an electrolyzer comprising a cathode provided in the cathode chamber facing the two diaphragms,
Supplying an electrolyte solution to the intermediate chamber;
Supplying water to the anode chamber and the cathode chamber;
Intermittently varying the supply and discharge of water to at least one of the anode chamber and the cathode chamber,
In at least one of the anode chamber and the cathode chamber, the supply / discharge amount of the water is small or still water is applied, and a voltage is applied to the anode and the cathode to electrolyze the electrolyte solution in the intermediate chamber. An electrolyzed water generating method for generating electrolyzed water in at least one of the anode chamber and the cathode chamber.
The electrolyzed water generation according to claim 19, wherein water supply and water supply are intermittently stopped and supplied to at least one of the anode chamber and the cathode chamber every predetermined time, and a voltage is applied to the anode and cathode while the water supply is stopped. Method.
21. The electrolytic water generating method according to claim 20, wherein the electrolytic solution is intermittently supplied and stopped in the intermediate chamber in synchronization with the water supply and the water supply stop.
The water pressure when at least one of the anode chamber and the cathode chamber when the supply / discharge amount of water is small or when the water is still is made lower than the water pressure of the intermediate chamber. The electrolyzed water production | generation method of item.
23. The water pressure when at least one of the anode chamber and the cathode chamber where the intermittent water supply / discharge is performed, when the supply / discharge amount of the water becomes larger than the water pressure of the intermediate chamber. Any one item is a method for generating electrolyzed water.