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WO2014082177A1 - Système et procédé de refroidissement de compresseurs à paliers magnétiques - Google Patents

Système et procédé de refroidissement de compresseurs à paliers magnétiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014082177A1
WO2014082177A1 PCT/CA2013/050911 CA2013050911W WO2014082177A1 WO 2014082177 A1 WO2014082177 A1 WO 2014082177A1 CA 2013050911 W CA2013050911 W CA 2013050911W WO 2014082177 A1 WO2014082177 A1 WO 2014082177A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
refrigerant
condenser
cooling
pump
cooling system
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CA2013/050911
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Philip Keith KENNEDY
Original Assignee
Kiltech Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kiltech Inc. filed Critical Kiltech Inc.
Priority to CA2923312A priority Critical patent/CA2923312C/fr
Priority to US14/647,847 priority patent/US20150300708A1/en
Publication of WO2014082177A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014082177A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
    • F25B31/006—Cooling of compressor or motor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/10—Centrifugal pumps for compressing or evacuating
    • F04D17/12—Multi-stage pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/08—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the working fluid being air, e.g. for ventilation
    • F04D25/082—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the working fluid being air, e.g. for ventilation the unit having provision for cooling the motor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
    • F04D29/5806—Cooling the drive system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/06—Separate outdoor units, e.g. outdoor unit to be linked to a separate room comprising a compressor and a heat exchanger
    • F24F1/20—Electric components for separate outdoor units
    • F24F1/24—Cooling of electric components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F25B1/04—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with compressor of rotary type
    • F25B1/053—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with compressor of rotary type of turbine type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/041—Details of condensers of evaporative condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/31—Low ambient temperatures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/02—Compressor control
    • F25B2600/025—Compressor control by controlling speed
    • F25B2600/0253—Compressor control by controlling speed with variable speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F25B49/022—Compressor control arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to magnetic bearing compressors. More specifically, the present invention is concerned with a cooling system and method for magnetic bearing compressors.
  • the compressor is a variable speed driven compressor then there may be additional cooling requirements associated with the power electronic devices that make up the variable speed drive.
  • these power electronic devices are mounted on heat sink plates that circulate a coolant fluid through them.
  • a refrigerant metering device such as a thermostatic expansion valve, electronic expansion valve such as a stepper motor driven device, float style valve or an evaporator pressure regulating device that is used to meter the flow rate of liquid refrigerant that enters the cooling circuit.
  • VFD variable frequency drives
  • centrifugal compressor especially when fitted with a variable speed drive, is its ability to reduce compression power when the lift or pressure ratio is reduced. In most all applications however, the level of power reduction possible is limited by the minimum lift requirement to facilitate cooling to the compressor and drive.
  • a cooling system comprising: a condenser; a magnetic bearing centrifugal refrigeration compressor that uses liquid refrigerant from the condenser to supply cooling to its motor assembly; and a refrigerant pump installed in a motor cooling refrigerant supply line of the condenser; wherein the refrigerant pump extends a low lift operating range of the compressor by allowing a controlled amount of liquid refrigerant to be pumped from the condenser.
  • a method for compression refrigeration comprising providing a magnetic bearing centrifugal refrigeration compressor that uses liquid refrigerant from a condenser to supply cooling to its motor assembly; providing a cooling line including an evaporator connected to the compressor by a refrigerant pipe; providing a refrigerant pump in a motor cooling refrigerant supply line of the condenser; and varying the pump speed directly in relation to temperatures measured inside the compressor.
  • a method for controlling a cooling system comprising a magnetic bearing centrifugal refrigeration compressor that uses a pressure sub cooled liquid refrigerant from a condenser to supply cooling to its motor assembly, comprising: providing a centrifugal refrigerant pump in the motor cooling refrigerant supply line of the condenser, increasing the condenser capacity and turning on the centrifugal refrigerant pump.
  • a method for starting a cooling system comprising a magnetic bearing centrifugal refrigeration compressor that uses a pressure sub cooled liquid refrigerant from an outdoor air-cooled or evaporative condenser to supply cooling to its motor assembly, comprising: providing a centrifugal refrigerant pump in the motor cooling refrigerant supply line of the condenser and that allowing an amount of liquid refrigerant to be pumped from the outdoor air cooled condenser or evaporative condenser.
  • Figure 1 shows a sample compressor map at varied pressure ratio
  • Figure 2 shows power reduction at constant load
  • Figure 3 is a diagrammatic view of a system according to an embodiment of an aspect of the present invention.
  • This invention relates to centrifugal magnetic bearing compressors that use condenser pressure sub cooled liquid refrigerant as a means to supply cooling to a motor assembly, i.e. to the stator and the rotor and optionally a variable speed drive package that may include insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), SCRs and liquid cooled inductors.
  • IGBT insulated gate bipolar transistor
  • FIG. 3 shows a cooling system 10 comprising a magnetic bearing centrifugal refrigeration compressor 60 that uses a pressure sub cooled liquid refrigerant from a condenser 50 to supply cooling to its motor assembly, i.e. stator and rotor, and optionally a variable speed drive (VFD) unit that may include IGBT, SCRS and liquid cooled inductors for example.
  • the cooling line includes an evaporator 52 connected to the compressor 60 by a refrigerant pipe 54, and the condenser 50 connected to the compressor 60 by a discharge pipe 58.
  • the refrigerant pipe 54 comprises an electronic expansion valve 56.
  • the condenser 50 may be air cooled, or water cooled or evaporatively cooled.
  • the condenser 50 may be an an outdoor device.
  • a magnetically coupled centrifugal or magnetic bearing centrifugal refrigerant pump 30 coupled with a refrigerant receiver tank 20 is installed in the motor cooling refrigerant supply line 40 of the condenser 50.
  • the pump 30 may or may not be fitted with a variable speed drive.
  • the pump 30 acts as a motor cooling liquid refrigerant pressure amplifier in situations where the lift or pressure ratio is below a value that provides adequate cooling to the compressor motor, stator and power electronics in the motor and variable frequency drives (VFD).
  • VFD variable frequency drives
  • the pump 30 allows extending the operational envelope of the compressor 60 by overcoming a minimum lift limitation related to the motor or drive cooling requirement.
  • the pump 30 may also be used to start the compressor and refrigeration system safely when refrigerant migration from the evaporator 52 to the condenser 50, which may be an outdoor device in some cases, has occurred, by providing an additional valve and start sequence, thereby improving the starting reliability of the system.
  • the pump 30 has a fully sealed design requiring no lubrication other than the refrigerant passing through it, which may be used with an oil free magnetic bearing compressor 50.
  • the pump 30 to the motor/ drive cooling piping of the refrigeration system allows extending the low lift operating range of the magnetic bearing centrifugal refrigeration compressor 50.
  • the pump 30 allows a small amount of liquid refrigerant to be pumped from an outdoor air cooled condenser or evaporative condenser 50 for example, to enable reliable starting of the system with cold ambient temperatures (low ambient starting sequence).
  • the present method allows reducing pumping energy in a cooling system comprising a magnetic bearing centrifugal refrigeration compressor that uses a pressure sub cooled liquid refrigerant from a condenser to supply cooling to its motor assembly, i.e. stator and rotor, and optionally a variable speed drive (VFD) unite that may include IGBT, SCRS and liquid cooled inductors for example, by providing a centrifugal refrigerant pump in the motor cooling refrigerant supply line of the condenser and varying the pump speed directly in relation to temperatures measured inside the compressor such as rotor gap temperature, winding temperature and VFD heat sink plate or IGBT temperatures.
  • VFD variable speed drive
  • the present method allows compressor/ cooling control in a cooling system comprising a magnetic bearing centrifugal refrigeration compressor that uses a pressure sub cooled liquid refrigerant from a condenser to supply cooling to its motor assembly, i.e. stator and rotor, and optionally a variable speed drive (VFD) unit that may include IGBT, SCRS and liquid cooled inductors for example, by providing a centrifugal refrigerant pump in the motor cooling refrigerant supply line of the condenser, and decreasing the system lift by increasing the condenser fan or water pump speed/ capacity and then turning on the centrifugal refrigerant pump.
  • VFD variable speed drive
  • the present method provides pumping energy reduction by allowing varying the cooling pump speed directly in relation to temperatures measured inside the compressor such as rotor gap temperature, winding temperature and VFD heat sink plate or IGBT temperatures.
  • the present invention provides that the compressor operational envelope can be dramatically extended as there no longer exists a minimum lift limitation as a result motor/ drive cooling requirement.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé et un système, le système comprenant un compresseur de réfrigération centrifuge à paliers magnétiques qui utilise un réfrigérant sous forme liquide provenant du condenseur pour permettre le refroidissement de son ensemble moteur ; et une pompe de réfrigérant installée dans une conduite d'alimentation en réfrigérant de refroidissement de moteur du condenseur ; la pompe de réfrigérant augmentant la plage de mise en œuvre à basse pression du compresseur en permettant de pomper une quantité régulée de réfrigérant sous forme liquide du condenseur.
PCT/CA2013/050911 2012-11-29 2013-11-28 Système et procédé de refroidissement de compresseurs à paliers magnétiques WO2014082177A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA2923312A CA2923312C (fr) 2012-11-29 2013-11-28 Systeme et procede de refroidissement de compresseurs a paliers magnetiques
US14/647,847 US20150300708A1 (en) 2012-11-29 2013-11-28 Cooling system and method for magnetic bearing compressors

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201261731175P 2012-11-29 2012-11-29
US61/731,175 2012-11-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014082177A1 true WO2014082177A1 (fr) 2014-06-05

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ID=50826994

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CA2013/050911 WO2014082177A1 (fr) 2012-11-29 2013-11-28 Système et procédé de refroidissement de compresseurs à paliers magnétiques

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20150300708A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2923312C (fr)
WO (1) WO2014082177A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3032191A1 (fr) * 2014-12-02 2016-06-15 Stiebel Eltron GmbH & Co. KG Dispositif de pompes à chaleur
CN106662364A (zh) * 2014-07-03 2017-05-10 丹佛斯公司 用于变速驱动器的制冷剂冷却
US10254029B2 (en) 2015-04-15 2019-04-09 Carrier Corporation Refrigeration system and cooling method of electronic control unit thereof
IT201800007390A1 (it) * 2018-07-20 2020-01-20 Sistema di raffreddamento
WO2021050859A1 (fr) * 2019-09-12 2021-03-18 Carrier Corporation Système de climatisation et procédé de refroidissement pour son moteur d'entraînement

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CN107816823B (zh) 2016-09-14 2021-11-23 开利公司 制冷系统及其润滑方法
US11293438B2 (en) 2016-12-15 2022-04-05 Carrier Corporation Screw compressor with magnetic gear
US11607928B2 (en) * 2017-03-10 2023-03-21 Mobile Climate Control, Corp. Method and apparatus for cooling an air conditioning system controller
CN108800306A (zh) * 2017-04-26 2018-11-13 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 一种空调器室内机
US11156231B2 (en) 2018-03-23 2021-10-26 Honeywell International Inc. Multistage compressor having interstage refrigerant path split between first portion flowing to end of shaft and second portion following around thrust bearing disc

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US20080115527A1 (en) * 2006-10-06 2008-05-22 Doty Mark C High capacity chiller compressor
WO2013039572A1 (fr) * 2011-09-16 2013-03-21 Danfoss Turbocor Compressors B.V. Circuits de refroidissement et de sous-refroidissement de moteur pour compresseur

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US6237353B1 (en) * 1999-07-29 2001-05-29 Carrier Corporation System for removing parasitic losses in a refrigeration unit
US20080115527A1 (en) * 2006-10-06 2008-05-22 Doty Mark C High capacity chiller compressor
WO2013039572A1 (fr) * 2011-09-16 2013-03-21 Danfoss Turbocor Compressors B.V. Circuits de refroidissement et de sous-refroidissement de moteur pour compresseur

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106662364A (zh) * 2014-07-03 2017-05-10 丹佛斯公司 用于变速驱动器的制冷剂冷却
EP3164648A4 (fr) * 2014-07-03 2018-01-10 Danfoss A/S Refroidissement de fluide frigorigène pour variateur de vitesse
US10830509B2 (en) 2014-07-03 2020-11-10 Danfoss A/S Refrigerant cooling for variable speed drive
EP3032191A1 (fr) * 2014-12-02 2016-06-15 Stiebel Eltron GmbH & Co. KG Dispositif de pompes à chaleur
US10254029B2 (en) 2015-04-15 2019-04-09 Carrier Corporation Refrigeration system and cooling method of electronic control unit thereof
IT201800007390A1 (it) * 2018-07-20 2020-01-20 Sistema di raffreddamento
EP3598026A1 (fr) 2018-07-20 2020-01-22 Daikin applied Europe S.p.A. Système de refroidissement
WO2021050859A1 (fr) * 2019-09-12 2021-03-18 Carrier Corporation Système de climatisation et procédé de refroidissement pour son moteur d'entraînement
US11946674B2 (en) 2019-09-12 2024-04-02 Carrier Corporation Air conditioning system and cooling method for drive motor thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2923312A1 (fr) 2014-06-05
CA2923312C (fr) 2021-03-16
US20150300708A1 (en) 2015-10-22

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