WO2013038377A1

WO2013038377A1 - Floatable and submersible mobile device for demagnetizing large objects, in particular ships

Info

Publication number: WO2013038377A1
Application number: PCT/IB2012/054815
Authority: WO
Inventors: Wolfgang Ludwig
Original assignee: Stl Ag
Priority date: 2011-09-16
Filing date: 2012-09-14
Publication date: 2013-03-21

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for demagnetizing large objects, comprising a structure having demagnetization coils arranged in the structure. According to the invention, the device (V) has a cage-like design and provides an enclosed space (10) for completely accommodating the object, wherein the coils for producing magnetic fields have a fixed spatial arrangement within the device (V) and the coils provide at least demagnetization fields at least in the longitudinal direction and the longitudinal fields (3a), transverse fields (3b), and vertical fields (3c) necessary for magnetic field simulation and the sensors (4) for the signature measurements have a fixed arrangement in the device (V). The device (V) preferably has one or more flotation elements (5), which make it possible to first construct and calibrate the device (V) on land and then transport the device by water in a floating manner and lower the device in a well-directed manner at the desired location.

Description

Floating and submersible mobile device for demagnetizing large objects, especially ships

Technical area

The invention relates to a device for demagnetization of large objects, especially ships.

State of the art

The causes for the magnetization of workpieces are very diverse and can not always be easily determined in practice. But there are usually artificially generated or natural magnetic fields, which act in the immediate vicinity of the objects. These may be unwanted type or of intentional origin, eg. As magnetic transport, linear oscillator, induction hardening, magnetic gripper, magnetic clamping devices, etc.

Mechanical vibration and cold deformation under the action of these magnetic fields enhance or enhance the process of magnetization.

In a ferromagnetic crystal, a larger number of atoms are always aligned uniformly. This uniform area can be viewed from the outside as a district (Weissscher district). If these districts also have the same preferred orientation, the workpiece is measurably magnetic. For many applications it is important that the installed metal components are not magnetic. However, since these do not have this property, a process of demagnetization is necessary. The demagnetization is effected by the fact that the homogeneous orientation of the Weiss districts destroyed by external influences and a disorder is generated, so that the magnetic effect of the individual districts outwardly neutralized. In practice, the following methods are used for demagnetization in particular:

The object is placed in a strong alternating magnetic field, which is slowly reduced in its strength to zero, often

Called Pulse demagnetization.

The object is transported at a slow and constant speed through a strong alternating magnetic field.

The article is heated to over 800 ° C (above the Curie point) and slowly cooled in a magnetically neutral location (exposed only to the magnetic field).

Since the effect of the demagnetizing alternating field is particularly optimal when it has the same direction as the longest geometric axis of the workpiece, various methods for generating the demagnetizing field are necessary.

For demagnetization of large objects, such as ships, so-called "overrun systems" are currently used, in which the ship usually moves over a demagnetizing coil, which generates a strong magnetic field in the vertical direction (perpendicular to the ship) Demagnetizing coil is anchored stationary in the ground and thus located at a certain distance from the vessel, by the ground geometry is predetermined. By repeated slow driving over the field occurs a demagnetization. This machining process takes a long time until the desired result is achieved. In addition, the life of the system can be adversely affected, since the embedded in the ground

Degaussing coils sanded. An elaborate keeping this free

Degaussing coils is necessary. Since the arrangement of these coils is often located in the area of the shore, to provide the necessary energy

To provide this danger of silting is particularly high. The systems are also equipped with magnetic field simulation coils for conditioning the Earth's magnetic field and with sensors for signature measurement. This means that the demagnetization can be conditioned in such a way that a geomagnetic field different from the natural environment field can be simulated in order to achieve the desired demagnetization state of the ship for it. The reason for this is that the geomagnetic field or its strength at different locations has different values in the horizontal and / or vertical direction. Since these values are known, this situation can be adjusted by means of the magnetic field simulation coils and thus an optimum demagnetization can be brought about for these areas.

However, to determine how the magnetic fields of the object to be demagnetized are present, an analysis is necessary. The so-called magnetic signature of the object can be recorded and evaluated by means of sensors (signature measurement). Besides the magnetic signatures are

especially for ships also acoustic and electrical signatures of

Interest, seismic and also electrostatic and optical signatures exist, which must be optimized for the respective application. The signature of ships is a measure of the discoverability of the ship by a particular sensor, which exploits the respective physical effect

(for example, magnetic mines). The discoverability can, for example, in the case of a homing head, lead to "intrusion" and thus, with a high probability, lead to a hit. An improved signature of the ship, among others by An optimized demagnetization, among other things, leads to a reduction of the maximum exposure range of a seeker head.

Cage-shaped systems are known from the prior art, in which the ship is stationary and is located in the center of the cage. These cage-shaped systems are mainly known in the development of magnetic field simulation systems that contain the magnetic field simulator coils and magnetic field sensors, but no demagnetization coils. These systems are also not realized as mobile, compact, one-piece systems.

All previously described systems for demagnetization of ships are stationary. The demagnetizing coils, the magnetic field simulation coils and the magnetic field sensors are each separately fixed and anchored in the ground or on the seabed.

The cage-shaped systems are very complex in their construction, since both the mechanical coils and their brackets and the sensors must be anchored at precisely defined locations on the seabed and the system must be built in the sea or a bay, the

Accessibility, the given depth of the sea and the stability of the

Seabed, play a crucial role for the site's fitness. The construction and integration of such a facility necessarily take place at the site. The necessary wet construction requires the massive use of costly work underwater by divers. In addition, expensive installation and integration vessels are necessary for the construction as well as the intensive soil investigations to ensure the stability of the plant and the installation of the sensors. Object of the invention

It is therefore the object of the invention to avoid at least some of the disadvantages of the prior art by providing a new method or device.

Solution of the task

The solution of the problem is provided by the features of claim 1.

Advantages of the invention

The basic idea of the invention is to simulate coils and

Degaussing coils, i. Fields for demagnetization and the

Provide magnetic field conditioning in all three directions as a cage-like structure, the cage-like structure to the entire

includes demagnetizing object and as mobile floating

Device is designed, which additionally has the property of being able to raise or lower by suitable floating body. Furthermore, sensors are provided which determine by measurements the signature of the object to be demagnetized, which represents the essential result of the demagnetization procedure.

The mobile demagnetizer offers several advantages over conventional systems.

The device can be built, integrated and tested ashore, since all essential parts such as coils and sensors and even the power sources and sensor distributors can be integrated into a single compact structure. This results in a significant cost advantage, which is that no

Special facilities must be created, which implement the necessary components locally. Also the necessary costly Soil investigations can be omitted, which must be done before any stationary implementation of such a plant.

The cage-like fully formed structure can be watered after integration and testing like a ship's dock and transported to the desired location. The transport can be done by ship.

On site there is the possibility that it is lowered to the seabed or anchored at a desired depth. By provided buoyancy body, the location can be chosen freely. By the mobile arrangement is also a

Sanding on the spot is no longer possible, as it simply removes and removes any deposits. In locations that are threatened by sanding (for example, in river bays), the mobile demagnetization system can free itself from sand by floating and a simple

Permit desanding processes.

The construction on land saves enormous costs, for example, by the

Diving works arise when the whole plant is created in hydraulic engineering. The mobile demagnetization system also has the advantage that it can be used from any location, even if it has already been implemented in one place. The reason for this lies in the mobile design that makes the device comparable to a dry dock

can be raised, moved and lowered again. In addition, all are

necessary units for the operation of the device part of the system.

There is a great deal of freedom in choosing the place of installation. In particular, an operation under water is also conceivable, so that, for example, submarines can be demagnetized in a submerged state. These are retracted into the anchored cage-like structure, moored and then depending on the

Demagnetization process applied to the magnetic fields in all three directions. Also, a operation in deep water is possible, in which the plant in which is firmly anchored for the waterway to be demagnetized surface water optimal depth.

This advantage is reinforced by the fact that the device can have all the necessary means that allow a self-sufficient operation.

In particular, the sensors already installed and calibrated at the factory for the measurement of the signature of the object as well as for the determination of the

Earth magnetic field fixedly arranged in the device. Further calibration or adjustment at a place of installation is not necessary.

Since the cooling of the demagnetization coils under water is very efficient, such mobile demagnetizers can be used with higher power and higher

Magnetic fields are operated. The mobile demagnetization system can thus also operate invisibly for satellites.

The particularly advantageous placement in east-west direction with respect to the longitudinal direction of the device can be realized almost everywhere. In particular, the temporal change of the geomagnetic field over decades by corrections in the location or by corrections in the setting of the

Simulation fields are compensated.

Since the mobile demagnetization system is equipped with the possibility of even uneven seabed compensate by appropriately height-adjustable legs, there are further advantages:

No infrastructure works in the seabed. Movements through

Changes in the seabed can be compensated.

The water depth can be adapted to the draft of the vessel to be treated. This can also treat ships with a very large draft. If particularly large or long ships are to be demagnetized, a second system can be docked. Thus, the system is freely scalable and can be adapted for the corresponding application.

To protect against tropical storms, the system can temporarily submerge to escape the influence of these environmental factors.

Further advantageous embodiments will become apparent from the following description and the claims.

drawings

Show it

A schematic view of the inventive device with integrated coils and sensors;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of the device according to the invention according to FIG. 1, but in contrast to FIG. 1 with arranged floating bodies; FIG.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the inventive device, but in contrast to Figs. 1 and 2 with stand elements with variable length and auxiliary devices integrated in the device with floats, coils and sensors.

Description of an embodiment

In the following an embodiment according to the following Fig. 1 -3 of the invention will be described.

The inventive device V consists of a stable non-magnetic framework. 1 This framework 1 is constructed like a cage and so designed to form an enclosed space 10. This enclosed space 10 is dimensioned such that it can accommodate objects such as a submarine or ship, which is not shown in detail in the drawings. For this purpose, the enclosed space 1 0 is formed parallelepiped in the embodiment shown here. However, the invention is not limited to this form. Rather, all forms are possible that have the property to process the

To take up the object completely.

The framework-like structure is preferably by a rod or

Pipe construction formed with rods or tubes 1 1, wherein node elements 1 2 represent the connection of the free ends of the rods 1 1. Alternatively, the free ends can be firmly connected to each other, for example by welding. In the framework 1, one or more Entmagnetisierspulen 2 are used. The demagnetizing coils 2 are not necessarily limited to the longitudinal direction of the device V. In addition, one or more magnetic field simulation coils 3 are provided. These magnetic field simulation coils 3, the coils for longitudinal fields 3a, coils for transverse fields 3b and coils for

Include vertical fields 3c are mechanically integrated into the frame 1.

Furthermore, one or more magnetic field sensors 4 are arranged within the framework 1.

The individual demagnetization coils 2 are arranged spatially different in the framework and have the function to demagnetize the enclosed object. The magnetic field simulation coils 3 have the function to simulate the respective geomagnetic field, so that the desired

Demagnetization for the respective existing geomagnetic field is achieved.

In Fig. 1, the degaussing coils 2 are arranged in the illustrated plane XY. These generate the corresponding longitudinal fields. Several such demagnetization coils 2 are arranged at a distance from each other. An alternative embodiment proposes that a plurality of demagnetization coils 2 are arranged within the framework 1, wherein these are arranged on the one hand in the plane XY, XZ and YZ. By an appropriate control can also be effected that these demagnetization coils 2 at the same time

Magnetic field simulation coils 3 are.

The coils, in particular the demagnetization coils 2, can advantageously also be part of the framework structure directly and assume supporting functions.

Furthermore, sensors 4 are fixedly arranged in the framework structure of the device V. To analyze the signature of the object to be demagnetized

provided corresponding sensors. Advantageously, in addition to these sensors for the analysis of the signature, for example, electrical

Sensors, acoustic sensors, pressure sensors, temperature sensors, seismic

Sensors, flow sensors, angle sensors, yaw rate sensors (gyros) and position sensors (GPS / DGPS, Global Positioning System) integrated into the structure. These sensors can also be used to stabilize the position of the entire device V.

The device V can advantageously also be produced in such a way that, in the case of metallic construction elements, large-area, electrically closed conductor tracks are avoided in order to reduce the occurrence of eddy currents during operation of the installation.

The structure preferably has one or more floating elements 5, which allow the device V initially to build up and calibrate on land, and then float transported by water and targeted on

to lower the desired location.

The floating elements 5 can also be integrated into the framework structure or, for example in the form of self-contained tubes, themselves be parts of the framework structure. The floating elements 5 can be advantageously equipped with a variable lift. As floating elements 5 and active buoyancy elements, such as propeller drives, screw drives or otherwise common in ships propulsion elements can be used. The

Floating elements 5 can also be formed by transport ships, which are released again after transport from the system.

An advantageous embodiment of the floating elements 5 is that one or more elements carry a significant portion of the weight permanently, and the residual weight of additional floating elements, which are not shown in the drawings, is taken over, the lifting force are replaced when lowering by cranes, so that lowering without tilting can be realized safely. These additional floating elements can be advantageously designed as active floating elements.

The system can be towed by tugboats floating or submerged to the place where it is to be installed. In addition to the floating elements 5, control elements for controlling and

Positioning of the device V be in swimming operation. But it can also be the active buoyancy elements or additional propulsion elements are used to allow the system can move autonomously to take the intended place. Advantageously, the mobile device has stand elements 6 (FIG. 3), preferably of adjustable length, in order to prevent unevenness of the floor and floor

Compensate for soil changes and on the other to adjust the water level in the device V. Thus, the system can be adapted to the different draft of the ships to be demagnetized or measured.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if, for example, one or more of the following auxiliary devices 7 are integrated into the mobile demagnetization system: Power sources for operation of the demagnetization and simulation coils. This significantly reduces infrastructure work on site. - Connection unit for connecting the sensors, which for all sensors

Power supply and supplies all the sensor data via a high-speed data connection to the place where the data recording and

Data evaluation takes place. - Fastening unit for fastening the ship in the mobile

Demagnetizing system, which consists of winches, for example.

Infrastructure for the power supply of the ships during the operation of the plant.

The device V can be constructed modularly, for example by several shorter systems are placed one behind the other and thus represent a system for the demagnetization of large ships. By suitable configuration of the floating elements 5, the device V can also be made submersible, the depth being given either by the arrangement of the floating elements 5, which are attached to the structure by ropes and can be above the structure, or by an active one Stabilization such as dynamic

Variation of buoyancy forces can be adjusted.

The metrological effects caused by a movement of the structure in the

Earth magnetic field can be corrected by a corresponding correction in the processing of the magnetic field data, in particular when the device V is equipped with angle and yaw rate sensors. With the device V according to the invention, as has been described above, a system is provided with which in a very efficient manner large

Objects, such as ships, can be demagnetized. The device can exercise their technical function both above water and under water. Due to the framework-like or cage-like structure combined with floating elements, it is a mobile system that can be installed in different locations, even independently of the actual ones

Power supply, can be used.

Claims

claims

1 . Device for demagnetizing large objects, consisting of a structure with demagnetization coils arranged in the structure, characterized in that the device (V) is cage-shaped and provides an enclosed space (10) for completely receiving the object, the coils being used to generate Magnetic fields within the device (V) are fixedly arranged spatially and the coils at least in the longitudinal direction and necessary for magnetic field simulation Longitudinalfelder (3a), transverse fields (3b), provide vertical fields (3c) and the sensors (4) for the signature measurements firmly in the device (V) are arranged.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the coils by a corresponding drive means both as demagnetization coils (2) so as a magnetic field simulation coils (3) act.

3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the coils

Degaussing coils (2) and magnetic field simulation coils (3), which are arranged independently of each other within the device V.

4. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device V comprises one or more floating elements (5).

5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that in addition to the floating elements (5) control elements are provided for controlling the device in swimming operation.

6. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the enclosed space (1 0) is configured cuboid. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device V has arranged on the device V power supply devices for autonomous operation.

Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device V optionally comprises one or more of the following sensors (4):

electrical sensors, acoustic sensors, pressure sensors, temperature sensors, seismic sensors, flow sensors, angle sensors, yaw rate sensors (gyros) and position sensors (GPS / DGPS, Global Positioning System).