WO2013028169A1 - Can-annular combustor with premixed tangential fuel-air nozzles for use on gas turbine engines - Google Patents
Can-annular combustor with premixed tangential fuel-air nozzles for use on gas turbine engines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013028169A1 WO2013028169A1 PCT/US2011/048622 US2011048622W WO2013028169A1 WO 2013028169 A1 WO2013028169 A1 WO 2013028169A1 US 2011048622 W US2011048622 W US 2011048622W WO 2013028169 A1 WO2013028169 A1 WO 2013028169A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- air
- nozzles
- annular combustor
- combustor
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009760 electrical discharge machining Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- RLQJEEJISHYWON-UHFFFAOYSA-N flonicamid Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=NC=C1C(=O)NCC#N RLQJEEJISHYWON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
- F23R3/34—Feeding into different combustion zones
- F23R3/346—Feeding into different combustion zones for staged combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/42—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
- F23R3/425—Combustion chambers comprising a tangential or helicoidal arrangement of the flame tubes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/42—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
- F23R3/58—Cyclone or vortex type combustion chambers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
- F23R3/30—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply comprising fuel prevapourising devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/42—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
- F23R3/46—Combustion chambers comprising an annular arrangement of several essentially tubular flame tubes within a common annular casing or within individual casings
Definitions
- This invention relates to devices in gas turbine engines that aid in containing and producing the combustion of a fuel and air mixture.
- Such devices include but are not limited to fuel-air nozzles, combustor liners and casings and flow transition pieces that are used in military and commercial aircraft, power generation, and other gas turbine related applications.
- Gas turbine engines include machinery that extracts work from combustion gases flowing at very high temperatures, pressures and velocity. The extracted work can be used to drive a generator for power generation or for providing the required thrust for an aircraft.
- a typical gas turbine engine consists of a multistage compressor where the atmospheric air is compressed to high pressures. The compressed air is then mixed at a specified fuel/air ratio in a combustor wherein its temperature is increased. The high temperature and pressure combustion gases are then expanded through a turbine to extract work so as to provide the required thrust or drive a generator depending on the application.
- the turbine includes at least a single stage with each stage consisting of a row of blades and a row of vanes. The blades are circumferentially distributed on a rotating hub with the height of each blade covering the hot gas flow path. Each stage of non-rotating vanes is placed circumferentially, which also extends across the hot gas flow path.
- the included invention involves the combustor of gas turbine engines and components that introduce the fuel and air into the said device.
- the combustor portion of a gas turbine engine can be of several different types: can/tubular, annular, and a combination of the two forming a can-annular combustor. It is in this component that the compressed fuel-air mixture passes through fuel-air swirlers and a combustion reaction of the mixture takes place, creating a hot gas flow causing it to drop in density and accelerate downstream.
- the can type combustor typically comprises of individual, circumferentially spaced cans that contain the flame of each nozzle separately. Flow from each can is then directed through a duct and combined in an annular transition piece before it enters the first stage vane.
- a fuel air nozzle can take on different configurations such as single to multiple annular inlets with swirling vanes on each one.
- a typical method for cooling the combustor is effusion cooling, implemented by surrounding the combustion liner with an additional, offset liner, which between the two, compressor discharge air passes through and enters the hot gas flow path through dilution holes and cooling passages. This technique removes heat from the component as well as forms a thin boundary layer film of cool air between the liner and the combusting gases, preventing heat transfer to the liner.
- the dilution holes serve two purposes depending on its axial position on the liner: a dilution hole closer to the fuel-air nozzles will aid in the mixing of the gases to enhance combustion as well as provide unburned air for combustion, second, a hole that is placed closer to the turbine will cool the hot gas flow and can be designed to manipulate the combustor outlet temperature profile.
- the invention consists of a typical can-annular combustor with premixed fuel-air nozzles and/or dilution holes that introduce the compressor discharge air and pressurized fuel into the combustor at various locations in the longitudinal and circumferential directions.
- the original feature of the invention is that the fuel and air nozzles are placed in such a way as to create an environment with enhanced mixing of combustion reactants and products.
- Staging the premixed fuel and air nozzles to have more fuel upstream from another set of nozzles enhances the mixing of the combustion reactants and creates a specific oxygen concentration in the combustion region that greatly reduces the production of NOx.
- the introduction of compressor discharge air downstream of the combustion region allows for any CO produced during combustion to be burned/consumed before entering the first stage turbine.
- the combustor will improve gas turbine emission levels, thus reducing the need for emission control devices as well as minimize the environmental impact of such devices.
- the tangentially firing fuel and fuel-air nozzles directs its flames to the adjacent burner nozzles in each can, greatly enhancing the ignition process of the combustor.
- FIG. 1 is a two-dimensional sketch showing the can-annular arrangement with the nozzles that attach to the outer can liner injecting fuel and air into a common plane;
- FIG. 2 is a two-dimensional sketch showing the general idea of the tangential nozzles applied to the can in a can-annular combustor;
- FIG. 3 is an isometric side view of the upstream portion of an example configuration of the said invention.
- FIG. 4A is an isometric cutaway view of the invention.
- FIG. 4B is a close up view of the image from FIG. 4A;
- FIG. 5 is a section view showing section A- A as defined in FIG. 3 ;
- FIG. 6 is a section view showing section B-B as defined in FIG. 3. BEST MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- FIG. 1 shows an example of the general arrangement of a can-annular combustor with the can 1 spaced circumferentially on a common radius, all cans of which are enclosed in an annular space between a cylindrical outer liner 2 and a cylindrical inner liner 3.
- the FIG. also shows the tangential nozzle arrangement of the cans.
- FIG. 2 shows the can in more detail.
- a can liner 4 forms the can volume, with fuel-air nozzles 5 injecting a premixed fuel and air mixture.
- the nozzles form an angle 8 between the nozzle centerline 6 and a line tangent to the can liner 4 that intersections with the nozzle centerline 6. This angle defines the circumferential direction of the nozzles.
- FIG. 2 also shows the general operation of the can in the example can-annular combustor configuration, where a pre-mixed fuel-air mixture 9 is injected into the cans 1 at an angle 8.
- a flame 10 forms and travels through the can in a path 11 that follows the can liner.
- These tangentially directed nozzles result in flames from each nozzle interacting with the downstream and adjacent nozzle. This key feature enhances ignition and reduces the need of piloting burner nozzles by allowing the flame from a nozzle to ignite the fuel at the adjacent and downstream nozzle.
- FIG. 3 shows the beginning or upstream portion of an example can with the downstream portion excluded.
- the said invention will have a plurality of nozzle rows that are spaced along the longitudinal direction of the can.
- Each row of nozzles may have at least one nozzle and can be offset by a circumferential angle from adjacent nozzle rows.
- the can may also have several rows of circumferentially spaced holes 12 or passages for cooling air to enter the can at any location.
- FIGS. 4A and 4B show the most upstream face 13 of the can, which may have holes 14 similar to dilution holes that allow compressor discharge air to enter the can.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 show how nozzles from each set of rows may be offset by a circumferential angle. The different rows of nozzles allows for the injection of the fuel- air mixture near the front wall, which may have a higher fuel/air ratio than the second set of nozzles in conjunction with the mixture that is injected downstream of the fuel nozzles 5, to create the desired mixing and fuel- air staging effect that will create an optimal combustion environment that reduces NOx and CO emissions from the combustor.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
RU2014110631A RU2619673C2 (en) | 2011-08-22 | 2011-08-22 | Mixing of combustible substances procedure for gas turbine engine combustion chamber |
JP2014527127A JP6086371B2 (en) | 2011-08-22 | 2011-08-22 | Combustion reactant mixing method in annular cylindrical combustor for gas turbine engine |
KR1020147007519A KR101774094B1 (en) | 2011-08-22 | 2011-08-22 | Can-annular combustor with premixed tangential fuel-air nozzles for use on gas turbine engines |
PL11871108T PL2748443T3 (en) | 2011-08-22 | 2011-08-22 | Method of mixing combustion reactants for combustion in a gas turbine engine |
EP11871108.4A EP2748443B1 (en) | 2011-08-22 | 2011-08-22 | Method of mixing combustion reactants for combustion in a gas turbine engine |
PCT/US2011/048622 WO2013028169A1 (en) | 2011-08-22 | 2011-08-22 | Can-annular combustor with premixed tangential fuel-air nozzles for use on gas turbine engines |
CN201180073014.0A CN104053883B (en) | 2011-08-22 | 2011-08-22 | Method of mixing combustion reactants for combustion within a gas turbine engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2011/048622 WO2013028169A1 (en) | 2011-08-22 | 2011-08-22 | Can-annular combustor with premixed tangential fuel-air nozzles for use on gas turbine engines |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2013028169A1 true WO2013028169A1 (en) | 2013-02-28 |
WO2013028169A8 WO2013028169A8 (en) | 2014-04-17 |
Family
ID=47746712
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2011/048622 WO2013028169A1 (en) | 2011-08-22 | 2011-08-22 | Can-annular combustor with premixed tangential fuel-air nozzles for use on gas turbine engines |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2748443B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6086371B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101774094B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN104053883B (en) |
PL (1) | PL2748443T3 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2619673C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2013028169A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
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---|---|---|---|---|
CN112923398A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-08 | 西北工业大学 | Afterburning chamber antivibration heat screen |
US11156164B2 (en) | 2019-05-21 | 2021-10-26 | General Electric Company | System and method for high frequency accoustic dampers with caps |
US11174792B2 (en) | 2019-05-21 | 2021-11-16 | General Electric Company | System and method for high frequency acoustic dampers with baffles |
Families Citing this family (5)
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KR102010646B1 (en) | 2017-07-04 | 2019-08-13 | 두산중공업 주식회사 | Turning guide, fuel nozzle, fuel nozzle assembly and gas turbine having the same |
CN107631323B (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2019-12-06 | 中国联合重型燃气轮机技术有限公司 | Nozzle for gas turbine |
CN108487988A (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2018-09-04 | 罗显平 | A kind of combustion gas screwed pipe rotary engine loopful shape combustion chamber |
CN109404965A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-03-01 | 新奥能源动力科技(上海)有限公司 | A kind of combustion chamber of gas turbine and gas turbine |
CN114646077B (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2023-08-11 | 西北工业大学 | Air atomizing nozzle with holes in annular cavity |
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- 2011-08-22 RU RU2014110631A patent/RU2619673C2/en active
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- 2011-08-22 KR KR1020147007519A patent/KR101774094B1/en active Active
- 2011-08-22 CN CN201180073014.0A patent/CN104053883B/en active Active
- 2011-08-22 WO PCT/US2011/048622 patent/WO2013028169A1/en unknown
- 2011-08-22 PL PL11871108T patent/PL2748443T3/en unknown
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US11156164B2 (en) | 2019-05-21 | 2021-10-26 | General Electric Company | System and method for high frequency accoustic dampers with caps |
US11174792B2 (en) | 2019-05-21 | 2021-11-16 | General Electric Company | System and method for high frequency acoustic dampers with baffles |
CN112923398A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-08 | 西北工业大学 | Afterburning chamber antivibration heat screen |
CN112923398B (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2022-07-22 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of afterburner anti-vibration heat shield |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR101774094B1 (en) | 2017-09-04 |
RU2619673C2 (en) | 2017-05-17 |
EP2748443A1 (en) | 2014-07-02 |
PL2748443T3 (en) | 2019-09-30 |
CN104053883A (en) | 2014-09-17 |
RU2014110631A (en) | 2015-09-27 |
EP2748443B1 (en) | 2019-04-24 |
JP6086371B2 (en) | 2017-03-01 |
JP2014526030A (en) | 2014-10-02 |
KR20140082659A (en) | 2014-07-02 |
EP2748443A4 (en) | 2015-05-27 |
WO2013028169A8 (en) | 2014-04-17 |
CN104053883B (en) | 2017-02-15 |
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