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WO2013016117A2 - Dispositif de perforation de matériau comportant un étui de charge à verrouillage arrière - Google Patents

Dispositif de perforation de matériau comportant un étui de charge à verrouillage arrière Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013016117A2
WO2013016117A2 PCT/US2012/047330 US2012047330W WO2013016117A2 WO 2013016117 A2 WO2013016117 A2 WO 2013016117A2 US 2012047330 W US2012047330 W US 2012047330W WO 2013016117 A2 WO2013016117 A2 WO 2013016117A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
charge
charge holder
slot
holder
case
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2012/047330
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2013016117A3 (fr
Inventor
Jerry L. Walker
Original Assignee
Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. filed Critical Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.
Publication of WO2013016117A2 publication Critical patent/WO2013016117A2/fr
Publication of WO2013016117A3 publication Critical patent/WO2013016117A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
    • E21B43/116—Gun or shaped-charge perforators
    • E21B43/117—Shaped-charge perforators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • F42D1/04—Arrangements for ignition
    • F42D1/043—Connectors for detonating cords and ignition tubes, e.g. Nonel tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • F42D1/04—Arrangements for ignition
    • F42D1/045—Arrangements for electric ignition
    • F42D1/05—Electric circuits for blasting
    • F42D1/055—Electric circuits for blasting specially adapted for firing multiple charges with a time delay

Definitions

  • a charge holder assembly and methods of use are provided.
  • the charge holder assembly comprises a charge
  • the charge includes a charge case that includes a detonation cord retaining groove and a slot retaining groove located at the tail-end portion of the charge case.
  • the slot retaining groove can lock the charge into the charge holder via engagement with a slot on a wall of the charge holder.
  • the charge holder assembly is used to perforate a material.
  • the material is a well.
  • a charge holder assembly comprising: a charge holder, wherein the charge holder is a hollow cylinder, and wherein the charge holder comprises: (a) at least one hole disposed through a wall of the charge holder; and (b) at least one slot disposed through the wall of the charge holder, wherein the at least one slot is located diametrically opposite from the at least one hole; and a charge comprising a charge case, wherein the charge case comprises: (a) a tail end portion, wherein the tail end portion comprises: (i) a cord retaining groove; and (ii) two legs, wherein each of the two legs comprises at least one slot engaging groove, wherein the slot engaging grooves are at an angle offset from the cord retaining groove.
  • a method of perforating a material using a charge comprising: positioning a perforation gun adjacent to the material to be perforated, wherein the perforation gun comprises: the charge holder
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective of the charge holder .
  • FIG. 2 is an elevation view of the charge holder showing a hole and a slot.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective of the charge holder shown in Fig. 1 with charges inserted into the charge holder .
  • Fig. 4 is an elevation view of the back of one of the charges.
  • Fig. 5 is a partial perspective view detailing the tail end of one of the charges.
  • Fig. 6 is an elevation view of the side of one of the charges.
  • Fig. 7 is an elevation view of charge of Fig. 6 rotated 90°.
  • Fig. 8 is an elevation view of the back of the charge holder detailing one of the slots.
  • Fig. 9 is an elevation view of the back of one of the charges with the detonation cord inserted.
  • Fig. 10 is an elevation view of the back of the charge holder with one of the charges placed into the holder.
  • Fig. 11 is the system of Fig. 10 with the charge rotated in order to lock it into position.
  • Fig. 12 is an enlarged view of circle 12 of Fig. 11 detailing the locking mechanism.
  • Oil and gas hydrocarbons are naturally occurring in some subterranean formations.
  • a subterranean formation containing oil or gas is sometimes referred to as a reservoir.
  • a reservoir may be located under land or off shore. Reservoirs are typically located in the range of a few hundred feet (shallow reservoirs) to a few tens of thousands of feet (ultra- deep reservoirs) .
  • a wellbore is drilled into a reservoir or adjacent to a reservoir.
  • a well can include, without limitation, an oil, gas, water, or injection well.
  • a well used to produce oil or gas is generally referred to as a production well.
  • a well includes at least one wellbore.
  • a wellbore can include vertical, inclined, and horizontal portions, and it can be straight, curved, or branched.
  • the term "wellbore” includes any cased, and any uncased, open-hole portion of the wellbore.
  • a near-wellbore region is the
  • the near-wellbore region is generally considered to be the region within about 100 feet of the wellbore.
  • into a well means and includes into any portion of the well, including into the wellbore or into the near-wellbore region via the wellbore.
  • a portion of a wellbore may be an open hole or cased hole.
  • a tubing string may be placed into the wellbore.
  • the tubing string allows fluids to be introduced into or flowed from a remote portion of the wellbore.
  • a casing is placed into the wellbore, which can also contain a tubing string .
  • Some subterranean formations can include low permeability areas. Permeability refers to how easily fluids can flow through a material. For example, if the permeability is high, then fluids will flow more easily and more quickly through the material. If the permeability is low, then fluids will flow less easily and more slowly through the material.
  • fracturing or perforating a portion of a formation can be used to increase the permeability of a formation.
  • a fracturing fluid is pumped at a sufficiently high flow rate and high pressure into the wellbore and into the subterranean formation to create or enhance a fracture in the subterranean formation.
  • a fracture is a highly-permeable void in an area of the formation material that allows fluids to flow more easily through the fracture.
  • Perforating is another technique that can be used to increase the permeability of a formation.
  • Well perforation operations can involve the controlled detonation of shape charges within the well.
  • the shape charges perforate the casing, if any, and the surrounding formation, thereby improving the flow of liquids into or from the wellbore.
  • a perforation gun is used to hold the shape charges.
  • the perforation gun is lowered into the well on either tubing or a wire line until it is at the depth of the formation of interest.
  • the gun assembly includes a charge holder that holds the shape charges and a carrier that protects the shape charges from the environment.
  • a detonation cord links each charge located in the charge holder.
  • a shaped charge is inserted into a hole in the charge holder, and a charge retention apparatus holds the charge firmly within the hole.
  • the charge retention apparatus normally includes retaining rings, charge retention jackets, clips, or bending tabs, all of which are designed to secure the shaped charge in the charge holder.
  • a device such as a flat-head screwdriver, must be inserted into the holder via a specially-cut slot in the holder to connect with the tab, and then the tab must be bent into a holding position via the device. The extra costs associated with machining the specially-cut slot and the time spent
  • a novel apparatus and method of use for locking a shaped charge into a holder of a perforation gun includes at least one pair of feet positioned at the tail end of the charge case that engage the outside of the holder via a slot in the holder.
  • the charge case can be self locking, partially self locking, or be manually locked into position.
  • a charge holder assembly comprising: a charge holder, wherein the charge holder is a hollow cylinder, and wherein the charge holder comprises: (a) at least one hole disposed through a wall of the charge holder; and (b) at least one slot disposed through the wall of the charge holder, wherein the at least one slot is located diametrically opposite from the at least one hole; and a charge comprising a charge case, wherein the charge case comprises: (a) a tail end portion, wherein the tail end portion comprises: (i) a cord retaining groove; and (ii) two legs, wherein each of the two legs comprises at least one slot engaging groove, wherein the slot engaging grooves are at an angle offset from the cord retaining groove.
  • a method of perforating a material using a charge comprising: positioning a perforation gun adjacent to the material to be perforated, wherein the perforation gun comprises: the charge holder
  • any discussion of a particular component of the charge holder assembly 100 is meant to include the singular form of the component and also the plural form of the component, without the need to continually refer to the component in both the singular and plural form throughout. For example, if a discussion involves “the hole 102, " it is to be understood that the discussion pertains to one hole
  • Figs. 1 and 2 depict the charge holder assembly 100 including the charge holder 101.
  • the charge holder assembly 100 includes a charge holder 101.
  • the charge holder 101 is a hollow cylinder.
  • An example of a hollow cylinder is a tube or pipe.
  • the charge holder 101 can be made from a variety of materials, including, but not limited to, steel, aluminum, fiberglass, or a polymeric material.
  • the charge holder 101 can be a variety of lengths. One of skill in the art will be able to determine the length needed depending on the particulars for each perforation job.
  • the charge holder 101 has a wall with a certain thickness.
  • the charge holder 101 can have an inner diameter (I.D.) and an outer diameter (O.D.), wherein the difference between the O.D. and the I.D. equals the wall thickness.
  • the charge holder 101 includes at least one hole 102 disposed through the wall of the holder and at least one slot 103 disposed through the wall of the holder.
  • the charge holder 101 comprises a plurality of holes 102 and a plurality of slots 103.
  • the slot 103 is diametrically opposite of the hole 102.
  • each slot 103 is diametrically opposite of a unique hole 102.
  • the holes 102 and the slots 103 can be arranged in a variety of ways along the wall of the charge holder 101.
  • the holes 102 can be aligned in a straight line along the wall.
  • the slots 103 will be aligned in a straight line along the diametrically opposite wall from the holes 102.
  • the holes 102 can be arranged in a spiral pattern along the wall of the charge holder 101.
  • the slots 103 will also be arranged in a spiral pattern, so long as each slot 103 is diametrically opposite of its corresponding hole 102.
  • the actual spacing and/or tightness of the spiral pattern of the holes 102 can be adjusted such that there is sufficient room for each slot 103 to be positioned diametrically opposite of its corresponding hole 102.
  • the arrangement of the holes 102 can also be adjusted based on the desired perforation pattern and perforation density for the well.
  • a common perforation density is between four to six charges per foot of carrier.
  • a charge 200 does not have to be placed in every hole 102 of the charge holder 101. The actual placement of the charges 200 can be determined based on the desired perforation pattern and perforation density for the well.
  • the charge holder assembly 100 includes at least one charge 200.
  • the charge 200 is formed by a charge case 201 and can include an explosive charge.
  • the charge case 201 is formed by a charge case 201 and can include an explosive charge.
  • the head end of the charge case can be a variety of shapes including, but not limited to, square, rectangular, or
  • the tail end 220 can be generally conical in shape.
  • the charge case 201 can be made from a variety of materials, including, but not limited to, steel, aluminum, fiberglass, or a polymeric material.
  • the tail end 220 comprises a cord retaining groove 221.
  • the cord retaining groove 221 is preferably capable of receiving a detonation cord 300.
  • the detonation cord 300 can be positioned in the cord retaining groove 221 in a manner such that the detonation cord 300 ignites an explosive charge within the charge case 201.
  • the tail end 220 also comprises two legs 223.
  • the legs 223 can be aligned parallel to the cord retaining groove 221.
  • Each of the two legs 223 comprises at least one slot engaging groove 222.
  • the slot engaging groove 222 can span at least a portion, alternatively the majority, of the leg 223. According to another embodiment, each of the two legs 223
  • each of the slot engaging grooves 222 comprises two slot engaging grooves 222.
  • Each of the slot engaging grooves 222 are at an angle offset from the cord retaining groove 221.
  • the slot engaging groove 222 is oriented perpendicular to the cord retaining groove 221.
  • the slot engaging groove is cut on a radius around the leg 223.
  • Each slot engaging groove 222 forms a foot 224 on the leg 223.
  • each of the two legs 223 includes two feet 224, shown in detail in Fig. 5.
  • the feet 224 can be a variety of sizes and shapes. Some of the edges of the feet 224 can be straight, while other edges can be rounded.
  • the charge case 201 can be inserted tail end 220 first into the charge holder 101 via a hole 102. As seen in
  • the charge case 201 can be inserted such that the detonation cord 300 is oriented within the cord retaining groove 221.
  • the slot 103 can be used as a visual means by which to guide the charge case 201 into the charge holder 101 such that the legs 223 straddle the detonation cord 300, thus causing the detonation cord 300 to become positioned within the cord
  • a carrier (not shown) may be placed over the charge holder 101 to protect the integrity of the charges 200.
  • At least a portion of the tail end 220 is capable of being pushed through the slot
  • the distance from the outermost end of the head end to the outermost end of the tail end 220 of the charge case 201 is at least a sufficient distance such that after insertion, at least a portion of the tail end 220 is capable of protruding through the slot 103.
  • the distance between the outermost ends of the case may have to be adjusted based at least in part on the O.D. of the charge holder 101. In this manner, the charge case 201 can be inserted into the charge holder 101 and at least a portion of the tail end 220 emerges through the slot 103, shown in Fig. 3.
  • the size and shape of the slot 103 can be selected such that the feet 224 are capable of protruding through the slot 103.
  • the feet 224 of the tail end 220 of the charge case 201 can pass through the wall of the charge holder 101 and are positioned on the outside of the charge holder 101.
  • the size and shape of the legs 223 and the feet 224 are selected such that the feet 224 are capable of protruding through the slot 103.
  • the height and depth of the slot engaging groove 222 is preferably selected such that upon rotation of the legs 223, the feet 224 slidingly engage the O.D. of the charge holder 101.
  • the actual angle that the slot engaging grooves 222 are offset from the cord retaining groove 221 can be selected such that upon rotation of the legs 223, the feet 224 slidingly engage the O.D. of the charge holder 101.
  • each leg 223 can include only one, or more than one, slot engaging groove 222 and the angle of offset of each slot engaging groove 222 can be selected to allow at least one foot 224 to engage the O.D. of the charge holder 101. It is to be understood that the angle of offset for each slot engaging groove 222 can be the same or different. As can be seen in
  • the size and shape of the slot 103 can be selected such that the feet 224 engage the outside of the charge holder 101.
  • the height of the slot engaging groove 222 can be slightly greater than the thickness of the wall of the charge holder 101.
  • the depth can also be selected such that upon rotation, a sufficient area of each foot 224 is capable of covering at least a portion of the outside of the charge holder 101. In this manner, as the charge case 201 is rotated, the feet 224 engage the outside of the charge holder 101 and lock the charge case 201 in place. This can help prevent rotational movement and vertical or lateral movement of the charge case 201.
  • the charge case 201 may be rotated only a small amount in order to engage the outside of the charge holder 101.
  • the charge case 201 can also be rotated a 1/4 turn.
  • One of skill in the art will be able to determine the exact amount of rotation necessary to ensure that the charge 200 is locked in place.
  • the charge case 201 can be self-locking
  • the detonation cord 300 can be positioned on the inside of the charge holder 101 in a variety of configurations.
  • the detonation cord 300 can be positioned in a spiral position inside the charge holder 101.
  • the charge case 201 can be inserted into the charge holder 101 such that the legs 223 disrupt the natural orientation of the detonation cord 300. This disruption of the natural orientation can create tension on the detonation cord 300.
  • the detonation cord 300 can snap back into its natural orientation, thus causing rotation to the charge case 201.
  • This rotation of the charge case 201 turns the feet 224 such that they lock the charge 200 in place, shown in Fig. 12.
  • the charge case 201 can be manually rotated to lock the charge 200 in the charge holder 101.
  • the charge 200 can also be entirely locked in place manually.
  • the charge 200 can further include an optional ring 202 attached to the head end of the charge case 201.
  • the ring 202 can have a depth such that at least a portion of the ring protrudes from the hole 102 in the charge holder 101. In this manner, one can simply grab a hold of the portion of the ring 202 and twist the ring. This twisting action can rotate the charge case 201 and the feet 224, thus locking the charge 200 in place.
  • the charge case 201 can also be designed for use in conjunction with a rotating tool.
  • the charge case 201 can be manufactured such that it is capable of
  • the methods include the step of positioning a perforation gun adjacent to the material to be perforated.
  • the perforation gun comprises the charge holder assembly 100.
  • the material to be perforated can be a variety of substances.
  • the material is a portion of a subterranean formation.
  • the subterranean formation can be penetrated by a well.
  • the material to be perforated can also be a portion of the well.
  • the step of positioning can include inserting the perforation gun into the well.
  • the methods include the step of causing the charge 200 of the charge holder assembly 100 to detonate.
  • the step of causing can be any means by which the charge is
  • the step of causing can be igniting the detonation cord 300.
  • the step of causing can also be manually activating a switch that causes the charge to detonate .
  • the methods can further include the step of inserting the charge 200 into the charge holder 101 prior to the step of positioning.
  • the step of inserting can include
  • the step of inserting can further include the step of allowing the charge case 201 to lock in the charge holder 101 or causing the charge case to lock in the charge holder.
  • the charge case is easy to install into the charge holder; and the retention method does not create any extra debris from the charge holder that can be left in the well during the detonation process or the trip out of the well.
  • the lack of debris created from the charge case is different from other devices that utilize clips or bend tabs, which tend to break off during the detonation process and create debris that can be left in the well.
  • Another advantage to the charge case is that it is easy to unload. For example, it is often
  • a back-up perforation gun on a job site in the event that some or all of the charges in another perforation gun fail to explode. If a back-up gun contains charges and the back-up gun is not needed, then the charges can be easily removed from the back-up perforation gun.
  • compositions and methods are described in terms of “comprising, “ “containing,” or “including” various components or steps, the compositions and methods also can “consist essentially of” or “consist of” the various components and steps. Whenever a numerical range with a lower limit and an upper limit is

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Packaging Of Annular Or Rod-Shaped Articles, Wearing Apparel, Cassettes, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un ensemble réceptacle de charge comportant : un réceptacle de charge, ledit réceptacle de charge étant un cylindre creux, et le réceptacle de charge comportant : (a) au moins un trou pratiqué à travers une paroi du réceptacle de charge ; et (b) au moins une fente pratiquée à travers la paroi du réceptacle de charge, la ou les fentes étant en position diamétralement opposée au(x) trou(s) ; et une charge comportant un étui de charge, l'étui de charge comportant : (a) une partie d'extrémité arrière, ladite partie d'extrémité arrière comportant : (i) une rainure de maintien de cordon ; et (ii) deux branches, chacune des deux branches comportant au moins une rainure d'interaction avec les fentes, lesdites rainures d'interaction avec les fentes se situant suivant un angle décalé par rapport à la rainure de maintien de cordon. Un procédé de perforation d'un matériau comporte les étapes consistant à : positionner un canon de perforation contre le matériau ; et faire détoner la charge.
PCT/US2012/047330 2011-07-22 2012-07-19 Dispositif de perforation de matériau comportant un étui de charge à verrouillage arrière WO2013016117A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/188,542 2011-07-22
US13/188,542 US20130019770A1 (en) 2011-07-22 2011-07-22 Device for perforating a material comprising a tail-locking charge case

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013016117A2 true WO2013016117A2 (fr) 2013-01-31
WO2013016117A3 WO2013016117A3 (fr) 2013-03-21

Family

ID=47554842

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2012/047330 WO2013016117A2 (fr) 2011-07-22 2012-07-19 Dispositif de perforation de matériau comportant un étui de charge à verrouillage arrière

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Country Link
US (1) US20130019770A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013016117A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9145763B1 (en) * 2012-05-15 2015-09-29 Joseph A. Sites, Jr. Perforation gun with angled shaped charges
WO2014179689A1 (fr) * 2013-05-03 2014-11-06 Schlumberger Canada Limited Dispositifs de perforation orientables
USRE49910E1 (en) * 2014-05-21 2024-04-09 Hunting Titan, Inc. Shaped charge retainer system
EP3401499A1 (fr) 2015-04-14 2018-11-14 Hunting Titan Inc. Dispositif de retenue de cordon détonant
WO2017024266A1 (fr) * 2015-08-06 2017-02-09 Hunting Titan, Inc. Dispositif de retenue de charge creuse
US10364387B2 (en) * 2016-07-29 2019-07-30 Innovative Defense, Llc Subterranean formation shock fracturing charge delivery system
US10436109B2 (en) * 2016-12-31 2019-10-08 Malta Inc. Modular thermal storage
US11248894B2 (en) 2017-11-13 2022-02-15 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH High shot density charge holder for perforating gun
CN109764778A (zh) * 2019-03-11 2019-05-17 厦门爆破工程公司 一种地下孤石试爆试验装置及使用方法
CN109958444A (zh) * 2019-03-11 2019-07-02 厦门爆破工程公司 一种用于地铁盾构孤石和突出岩石爆破的射孔枪及使用方法

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US5007486A (en) * 1990-02-02 1991-04-16 Dresser Industries, Inc. Perforating gun assembly and universal perforating charge clip apparatus
EP1149981A2 (fr) * 2000-04-25 2001-10-31 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Méthgode et dispositif de blocage de charges dans un support de charges
US20050173118A1 (en) * 2004-02-06 2005-08-11 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Charge holder apparatus
US7770662B2 (en) * 2005-10-27 2010-08-10 Baker Hughes Incorporated Ballistic systems having an impedance barrier

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US3078797A (en) * 1960-11-08 1963-02-26 Schlumberger Well Surv Corp Strip gun improvements
GB2350149B (en) * 2000-04-19 2001-05-16 Morgan Matroc Ltd Twist-lock fixing

Patent Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5007486A (en) * 1990-02-02 1991-04-16 Dresser Industries, Inc. Perforating gun assembly and universal perforating charge clip apparatus
EP1149981A2 (fr) * 2000-04-25 2001-10-31 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Méthgode et dispositif de blocage de charges dans un support de charges
US20050173118A1 (en) * 2004-02-06 2005-08-11 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Charge holder apparatus
US7770662B2 (en) * 2005-10-27 2010-08-10 Baker Hughes Incorporated Ballistic systems having an impedance barrier

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20130019770A1 (en) 2013-01-24
WO2013016117A3 (fr) 2013-03-21

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