WO2013004110A1 - 太阳能光伏并网交错并联反激逆变器 - Google Patents
太阳能光伏并网交错并联反激逆变器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013004110A1 WO2013004110A1 PCT/CN2012/075866 CN2012075866W WO2013004110A1 WO 2013004110 A1 WO2013004110 A1 WO 2013004110A1 CN 2012075866 W CN2012075866 W CN 2012075866W WO 2013004110 A1 WO2013004110 A1 WO 2013004110A1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/4807—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode having a high frequency intermediate AC stage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/40—Synchronising a generator for connection to a network or to another generator
- H02J3/42—Synchronising a generator for connection to a network or to another generator with automatic parallel connection when synchronisation is achieved
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of solar photovoltaic grid-connected inverters.
- the invention relates to a solar photovoltaic grid-connected staggered parallel flyback inverter. Background technique
- the output current of the grid-tied inverter is usually mismatched with the sine wave shape of the grid current.
- the total Harmonic Distortion (THD) is usually used to define the size of the mismatch.
- Total Harmonic Distortion THD is defined as the square root of the ratio of the total rms value of the output harmonics to the rms value of the fundamental power input to the cosine signal of a single frequency. In order to ensure the stability of the grid and the efficient entry of the inverter into the grid, THD is usually required to be less than 5%.
- the control of the flyback inverter generally adopts a reference current mode, and the peak envelope of the primary current is used as the reference current I.
- the flyback inverter circuit when the flyback operation is in the Bomidary Conducting Mode (BCM), since the flyback operating frequency is not fixed, the peak envelope of the primary current (ie, I ref ) and the original The effective value of the side current is nonlinear, and thus the effective value of the push-out and output current is nonlinear.
- BCM Bomidary Conducting Mode
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a simple circuit of a solar photovoltaic grid-connected staggered flyback inverter in the prior art.
- the solar photovoltaic grid-connected staggered flyback inverter 100 is connected to the solar panel 101 on the left side and the grid 102 on the right side, respectively.
- the flyback inverter portion 100 is composed of a decoupling capacitor Cin, an interleaved parallel flyback circuit 103, and a power frequency grid-connected inverter circuit 104.
- the interleaved parallel flyback circuit 103 has two identical flyback circuits connected in parallel, each of which is mainly composed of primary side switching tubes S M1 and S M1 , transformers T1 and T2 , and flyback diodes D 1 and D2 .
- the output of the flyback current is determined by the control of the switching tubes S AC1 ⁇ S AC4 .
- the interleaved parallel flyback circuit 103 includes a switching transistor S M1 /S M2 , a transformer T1/T2 and a flyback diode D l/D2.
- the power frequency grid-connected inverter includes a full bridge and filter circuits L f , C f composed of four switch tubes S AC1 ⁇ S AC4 .
- the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a solar photovoltaic grid-connected staggered parallel flyback inverter, and improve the calculation method of the reference current to ensure that the grid-connected current is a sinusoidal waveform with the same frequency as the grid voltage, thereby greatly reducing and The total harmonic distortion of the grid current improves the quality of the output power.
- the present invention provides a solar photovoltaic grid-connected staggered parallel flyback inverter, including:
- An interleaved parallel flyback circuit comprising a primary winding and a secondary winding, the primary winding being connected to a solar panel, the secondary winding being connected to the grid for paralleling the DC generated by the solar panel After the flyback, the output is connected to the grid;
- a DC detection module is connected to the solar panel for detecting a DC signal generated by the DC panel; and an AC detection module is connected to the secondary winding of the interleaved flyback circuit for detecting an AC signal connected to the grid ;
- a reference current obtaining module is respectively connected to the DC detecting module and the AC detecting module, and configured to acquire a reference current at each time point according to the DC signal and the AC signal;
- a quasi-resonant control circuit is connected to the switching tube of the primary winding of the interleaved parallel flyback circuit for sampling a drain-source voltage of the switching transistor, and comparing whether the drain-source voltage is equal to a quasi-resonant threshold;
- the driving circuit includes:
- a comparator respectively connected to the reference current acquisition module and the primary current sampling module, for comparing whether the primary current is equal to the reference current
- a flip-flop respectively connected to the comparator, the quasi-resonant control circuit and the switching tube of the primary winding, for driving the switch when the primary current increases to be equal to the reference current Turning off, and when the drain-source voltage of the switch tube drops to be equal to the quasi-resonance threshold, the switch tube is driven to turn on.
- the reference current is:
- i c is the DC input voltage, which is the value of the AC output voltage
- 1 A is the value of the AC output current
- ⁇ is the phase of the AC output voltage, which is the primary winding
- 2 is the inductance value of the secondary winding
- t is the time in one cycle.
- the quasi-resonance control circuit when the drain-source voltage of the switch tube is higher than the quasi-resonance threshold, the quasi-resonance control circuit outputs 0; when the drain-source voltage of the switch tube falls to be equal to the quasi-resonance threshold The quasi-resonance control circuit outputs 1 .
- the driving circuit further includes:
- Diodes are respectively connected to the flip-flops and the switching tubes of the primary windings for ensuring that the driving signals are in a forward flow direction.
- the invention also provides a solar photovoltaic grid-connected staggered parallel flyback inverter, comprising:
- An interleaved parallel flyback circuit comprising a plurality of primary windings and a secondary winding, wherein the primary winding is connected to a solar panel, and one of the secondary windings is connected to a power grid, and the interleaved parallel flyback circuit is used And parallelizing the direct current generated by the solar panel to be connected to the grid;
- a DC detection module connected to the solar panel, for detecting a DC signal generated by the DC panel; and an AC detection module connected to a secondary winding connected to the grid in the interleaved flyback circuit, Detecting the AC signal of the grid connection;
- a reference current obtaining module is respectively connected to the DC detecting module and the AC detecting module, and configured to acquire a reference current at each time point according to the DC signal and the AC signal;
- a quasi-resonant control circuit connected to another secondary winding of the interleaved flyback circuit for sampling a voltage generated by a current of the secondary winding, and comparing whether a sampling voltage of the secondary current is equal to a command;
- the driving circuit includes:
- a comparator respectively connected to the reference current acquisition module and the primary current sampling module, for comparing whether the primary current is equal to the reference current
- a flip-flop respectively connected to the comparator, the quasi-resonant control circuit and the switching tube of the primary winding, for driving the switch when the primary current increases to be equal to the reference current Turning off, and when the sampling voltage of the secondary current drops to be equal to zero, the switching transistor is driven to be turned on.
- the reference current acquisition module acquires the reference current according to the following formula: Where is the reference current at each time point, i c is the DC input voltage, which is the value of the AC output voltage, 1 A is the value of the AC output current, and ⁇ is the phase of the AC output voltage, which is the inductance value of the primary winding 2 is the inductance value of the secondary winding, and t is the time in one cycle.
- the quasi-resonant control circuit is a voltage comparator.
- the quasi-resonant control circuit when the sampling voltage of the secondary current drops to equal to 0, the quasi-resonant control circuit outputs 0; otherwise, the quasi-resonant control circuit outputs 1 .
- the driving circuit further includes:
- Diodes are respectively connected to the flip-flops and the switching tubes of the primary windings for ensuring that the driving signals are in a forward flow direction.
- the present invention has the following advantages:
- the invention uses the reference current control flyback inverter for energy conversion, and ensures the calculation method of the reference current and the hardware control circuit in the two-stage topology of the interleaved parallel flyback circuit and the power frequency grid-connected inverter circuit.
- the grid-connected current is a sinusoidal waveform with the same frequency as the grid voltage, which greatly reduces the total harmonic distortion of the grid-connected current and improves the output power quality.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a simple circuit of a solar photovoltaic grid-connected staggered flyback inverter in the prior art
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing waveforms of a primary current, a secondary current, and a primary side switching tube control signal of a solar photovoltaic grid-connected parallel-connected flyback inverter according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a simplified schematic diagram of a solar photovoltaic grid-connected staggered flyback inverter according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a simplified schematic diagram of a solar photovoltaic grid-connected staggered flyback inverter according to another embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing waveforms of a primary current, a secondary current, and a primary side switching tube control signal of a solar photovoltaic grid-connected parallel-connected flyback inverter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the solar photovoltaic grid-connected staggered flyback inverter 300 can include: an interleaved parallel flyback circuit 301, a DC detection module 302, an AC detection module 303, a reference current acquisition module 304, a quasi-resonance control circuit 305, The primary current sampling module 306 and the driving circuit 307, wherein the driving circuit 307 may further include: a comparator 308 and a trigger 309.
- the interleaved parallel flyback circuit 301 may include a primary winding 301 1 and a secondary winding 3012.
- the primary winding 301 1 is connected to a solar panel (not shown, only represented by a DC source DC).
- the side winding 3012 is connected to the grid 31 1 for parallel excitation of the DC power generated by the solar panel and then connected to the grid;
- the DC detection module 302 can be connected to the solar panel for detecting the DC signal generated by the DC panel;
- the detecting module 303 can be connected to the secondary winding 3012 of the interleaved flyback circuit 301 for detecting the connected alternating current signal;
- the reference current obtaining module 304 can be respectively connected to the direct current detecting module 302 and the alternating current detecting module 303.
- the quasi-resonant control circuit 305 can be connected to the switching transistor S M of the primary winding 301 1 of the interleaved flyback circuit 301 for sampling the drain-source voltage of the switching transistor S M and comparing whether the drain-source voltage is equal to a quasi-resonance threshold, when the drain-source voltage of the switch S M is higher than the quasi-resonance threshold, the output of the quasi-resonant control circuit 305 is 0; when the drain-source voltage of the switch S M falls to be equal to the quasi-resonant threshold, the quasi-resonant control circuit 305 output is 1; the primary current sampling module 306 can be winding and is connected to the primary 3011, 3011 for the current sample of the primary winding; and a driving circuit 307 for the original winding 3011 generates switch S M Drive signal that is turned on or off.
- the comparator 308 in the driving circuit 307 can be respectively connected to the reference current obtaining module 304 and the primary current sampling module 306 for comparing whether the primary current is equal to the reference current; and the flip-flop 309 can be respectively connected to the comparator 308, when the quasi-resonant control circuit 305 and a primary winding switch S M 301 1 is connected, for, when the primary current equal to the reference current is increased, the driving switch S M is off, and when the drain-source voltage of the switch S M When falling to the quasi-resonance threshold, the drive switch S M is turned on.
- the reference current I ref is taken.
- ⁇ is the reference current at each time point, is the DC input voltage
- ⁇ is the value of the AC output voltage
- ⁇ is the value of the AC output current
- ⁇ is the phase of the AC output voltage
- t is the time in one cycle.
- the following signals are obtained by the DC detection module 302: The DC input voltage V dc supplied from the input voltage detection circuit.
- the following signals are obtained by the AC detection module 303: the value of the AC output voltage supplied by the output voltage detection circuit Vp , the phase ⁇ of the AC output voltage supplied from the output voltage detection circuit, and the value of the AC output current supplied by the output current detection circuit.
- the reference current value I ref at each time point can be conveniently calculated.
- the drive circuit 307 of this embodiment may further include a diode 310 which are connected to the flip-flop 309 and the primary winding switch S M 301 1 for ensuring the flow of the forward drive signal is to avoid reverse flow of the signal Possible damage to the drive circuit 307.
- a diode 310 which are connected to the flip-flop 309 and the primary winding switch S M 301 1 for ensuring the flow of the forward drive signal is to avoid reverse flow of the signal Possible damage to the drive circuit 307.
- the solar photovoltaic grid-connected staggered flyback inverter 400 can include: interleaved parallel The flyback circuit 401, the DC detection module 402, the AC detection module 403, the reference current acquisition module 404, the quasi-resonance control circuit 405, the primary current sampling module 406, and the driving circuit 407, wherein the driving circuit 407 may further include: a comparator 408, Trigger 409.
- the interleaved parallel flyback circuit 401 may include a plurality of primary windings 401 1 and secondary windings 4012, Ls2, primary windings 401 1 and solar panels (not shown, only represented by DC source DC) Connected, one of the secondary windings 4012 is connected to the grid 41 1 , and the staggered parallel flyback circuit 401 is used for parallel excitation of the DC power generated by the solar panel and then connected to the grid;
- the DC detection module 402 can be combined with the solar panel Connected to detect the DC signal generated by the AC detection module 403, which can be connected to the secondary winding 4012 connected to the grid 411 in the interleaved flyback circuit 401 for detecting the AC signal of the grid connection;
- the obtaining module 404 can be respectively connected to the DC detecting module 402 and the AC detecting module 403 for acquiring the reference current at each time point according to the DC signal and the AC signal;
- the quasi-resonant control circuit 405 can be coupled with the interleaved
- the primary current sampling module 406 can be connected to the primary winding 4012 for sampling the current of the primary winding 4012; and the driving circuit 407 can be used for the switching transistor of the primary winding 4012.
- the S M generates a drive signal that is turned on or off.
- the comparator 408 in the driving circuit 407 can be respectively connected to the reference current obtaining module 404 and the primary current sampling module 406 for comparing whether the primary current is equal to the reference current, when the primary current is 'J, and the reference current is The output of the comparator 408 is 0. When the primary current reaches the reference current, the output of the comparator 408 is 1; and the flip-flop 409 can be respectively connected to the comparator 408, the quasi-resonant control circuit 405, and the switch of the primary winding 401 1 .
- S M is connected to the tube, for, when the primary current equal to the reference current is increased, the driving switch S M is turned off, and when the secondary current sampling voltage drops to zero, the driving switch S M is turned on.
- the reference current I ref is taken.
- i c is the DC input voltage, which is the peak value of the AC output voltage
- ⁇ is the peak value of the AC output current
- ⁇ is the phase of the AC output voltage
- 2 is The inductance of the secondary winding
- t is the time in one cycle.
- the following signals are obtained by the DC detection module 402: The DC input voltage V dc provided by the input voltage detection circuit.
- the following is obtained by the AC signal detection module 403: phase ⁇ of the AC output voltage of the AC output voltage detection circuit provides an output voltage value V p, the output voltage detection circuit is provided, the output current value of the alternating output current detection circuit provided ⁇ .
- the reference current value at each time point can be conveniently calculated ⁇
- the driving circuit 407 of this embodiment may further include a diode 410 which are connected to the flip-flop 409 and the primary winding switch S M 401 1 for ensuring the flow of the forward drive signal is to avoid reverse flow of the signal Possible damage to the drive circuit 407.
- the invention uses the reference current control flyback inverter for energy conversion, and ensures the calculation method of the reference current and the hardware control circuit in the two-stage topology of the interleaved parallel flyback circuit and the power frequency grid-connected inverter circuit.
- the grid-connected current is a sinusoidal waveform with the same frequency as the grid voltage, which greatly reduces the total harmonic distortion of the grid-connected current and improves the output power quality.
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Abstract
一种太阳能光伏并网交错并联反激逆变器,包括:交错并联反激电路(301);直流检测模块(302);交流检测模块(303);基准电流获取模块(304),获取各时间点的基准电流;准谐振控制电路(305),采样开关管的漏源电压,比较其是否等于准谐振阈值;原边电流采样模块(306);驱动电路(307),产生驱动信号,其包括:比较器(308),比较原边电流是否等于基准电流;触发器(309),当原边电流等于基准电流时,驱动开关管关断,当漏源电压等于准谐振阈值时,驱动开关管开启。该反激逆变器改进了基准电流的计算方法,确保并网电流为与电网同频同相的正弦波形,降低并网电流的THD,改善输出电能质量。
Description
太阳能光伏并网交错并联反激逆变器 技术领域
本发明涉及太阳能光伏并网逆变器技术领域, 具体来说, 本发明涉及一种太 阳能光伏并网交错并联反激逆变器。 背景技术
并网逆变器的输出电流通常与电网电流的正弦波形状有失配, 通常使用参数 总谐波失真 (Total Harmonic Distortion, THD ) 来定义失配的大小。 总谐波失真 THD 定义方式为输入单一频率的余弦信号, 输出的各次谐波总有效值和基波功率 有效值之比的平方根。 为了保证电网的稳定, 以及逆变器的电流有效的进入电网, THD通常要求小于 5%。
在现有技术中, 通常反激逆变器的控制采用基准电流方式, 以原边电流的峰 值包络线为基准电流 I 。 当使用反激逆变器电路时, 当反激工作在边界导电模式 ( Bomidary Conducting Mode , BCM ) 时, 由于反激工作频率不固定, 原边电流的 峰值包络线(即 Iref )与原边电流的有效值呈非线性关系, 由此推出 和输出电流 的有效值为非线性关系。
图 1 为现有技术中的一个太阳能光伏并网交错并联反激逆变器的简单电路示 意图。该太阳能光伏并网交错并联反激逆变器 100分别与左侧的太阳能电池板 101 和右侧的电网 102相连接。 图中反激逆变器部分 100由解耦电容 Cin、 交错并联反 激电路 103和工频并网逆变电路 104组成。其中, 交错并联反激电路 103有两路相 同的反激电路并联组成, 每路主要由原边开关管 SM1和 SM1、 变压器 T1和 T2以及 反激二极管 D 1和 D2组成。反激电流的输出由开关管 SAC1~SAC4的控制来决定。如 图所示, 交错并联反激电路 103包括了开关管 SM1/SM2、 变压器 T1/T2和反激二极 管 D l/D2。 工频并网逆变包括由四个开关管 SAC1~SAC4组成的全桥和滤波电路 Lf、 Cf。
为了保证输出电流为与电网电压同频同相的正弦波形, 需要^ 1到两点: ( 1 )对 和输出电流的有效值的函数关系进行精确建模;
( 2 )设计有效的硬件控制电路, 实现控制方法。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种太阳能光伏并网交错并联反激逆变 器, 改进基准电流 的计算方法, 确保并网电流为与电网电压同频同相的正弦波 形, 从而大幅度降低并网电流的总谐波失真, 改善输出电能质量。
为解决上述技术问题, 本发明提供一种太阳能光伏并网交错并联反激逆变器, 包括:
交错并联反激电路, 包括原边绕组和副边绕组, 所述原边绕组与太阳能电池 板相连接,所述副边绕组与电网相连接,用于对所述太阳能电池板产生的直流电作 并联反激后并网输出;
直流检测模块, 与所述太阳能电池板相连接, 用于检测其产生的直流电信号; 交流检测模块, 与所述交错并联反激电路的副边绕组相连接, 用于检测并网 的交流电信号;
基准电流获取模块, 分别与所述直流检测模块和所述交流检测模块相连接, 用于根据所述直流电信号和所述交流电信号获取各时间点的基准电流;
准谐振控制电路, 与所述交错并联反激电路的原边绕组的开关管相连接, 用 于采样所述开关管的漏源电压, 并比较所述漏源电压是否等于准谐振阈值;
原边电流采样模块, 与所述原边绕组相连接, 用于采样所述原边绕组的电流; 驱动电路, 用于向所述原边绕组的开关管产生开启或者关闭的驱动信号; 其中, 所述驱动电路包括:
比较器, 分别与所述基准电流获取模块和所述原边电流采样模块相连接, 用 于比较所述原边电流是否等于所述基准电流;
触发器, 分别与所述比较器、 所述准谐振控制电路和所述原边绕组的开关管 相连接, 用于当所述原边电流增加到等于所述基准电流时, 驱动所述开关管关断, 而当所述开关管的漏源电压下降到等于所述准谐振阈值时, 驱动所述开关管开启。
其中, 为各时间点的基准电流, i c为直流输入电压, 为交流输出电压的 值, 1A为交流输出电流的 值, ω为交流输出电压的相位, 为所述原边绕组的
电感值, 2为所述副边绕组的电感值, t为一个周期中的时间。
可选地, 当所述开关管的漏源电压高于所述准谐振阈值时, 所述准谐振控制 电路输出为 0; 当所述开关管的漏源电压下降到等于所述准谐振阈值时, 所述准谐 振控制电路输出为 1。
可选地, 所述驱动电路还包括:
二极管, 分别与所述触发器和所述原边绕组的开关管相连接, 用于确保所述 驱动信号为正向流向。
本发明还提供一种太阳能光伏并网交错并联反激逆变器, 包括:
交错并联反激电路, 包括多个原边绕组和副边绕组, 所述原边绕组与太阳能 电池板相连接,所述副边绕组中的一个与电网相连接,所述交错并联反激电路用于 对所述太阳能电池板产生的直流电作并联反激后并网输出;
直流检测模块, 与所述太阳能电池板相连接, 用于检测其产生的直流电信号; 交流检测模块, 与所述交错并联反激电路中的连接至所述电网的副边绕组相 连接, 用于检测并网的交流电信号;
基准电流获取模块, 分别与所述直流检测模块和所述交流检测模块相连接, 用于根据所述直流电信号和所述交流电信号获取各时间点的基准电流;
准谐振控制电路, 与所述交错并联反激电路的另一个副边绕组相连接, 用于 采样所述副边绕组的电流产生的电压, 并比较所述副边电流的采样电压是否等于 令;
原边电流采样模块, 与所述原边绕组相连接, 用于采样所述原边绕组的电流; 驱动电路, 用于向所述原边绕组的开关管产生开启或者关闭的驱动信号; 其中, 所述驱动电路包括:
比较器, 分别与所述基准电流获取模块和所述原边电流采样模块相连接, 用 于比较所述原边电流是否等于所述基准电流;
触发器, 分别与所述比较器、 所述准谐振控制电路和所述原边绕组的开关管 相连接, 用于当所述原边电流增加到等于所述基准电流时, 驱动所述开关管关断, 而当所述副边电流的采样电压下降到等于零时, 驱动所述开关管开启。
可选地, 所述基准电流获取模块依照如下公式获取所述基准电流:
其中, 为各时间点的基准电流, i c为直流输入电压, 为交流输出电压的 值, 1A为交流输出电流的 值, ω为交流输出电压的相位, 为所述原边绕组的 电感值, 2为所述副边绕组的电感值, t为一个周期中的时间。
可选地, 所述准谐振控制电路为电压比较器。
可选地, 当所述副边电流的采样电压下降到等于 0 时, 所述准谐振控制电路 输出为 0; 否则所述准谐振控制电路输出为 1。
可选地, 所述驱动电路还包括:
二极管, 分别与所述触发器和所述原边绕组的开关管相连接, 用于确保所述 驱动信号为正向流向。
与现有技术相比, 本发明具有以下优点:
本发明使用基准电流控制反激逆变器进行能量转换, 在交错并联反激电路和 工频并网逆变电路的两级拓朴中,通过改进基准电流的计算方法, 结合硬件控制电 路,确保并网电流为与电网电压同频同相的正弦波形,从而大幅度降低并网电流的 总谐波失真, 改善输出电能质量。 附图说明
本发明的上述的以及其他的特征、 性质和优势将通过下面结合附图和实施例 的描述而变得更加明显, 其中:
图 1 为现有技术中的一个太阳能光伏并网交错并联反激逆变器的简单电路示 意图;
图 2为本发明一个实施例的太阳能光伏并网交错并联反激逆变器的原边电流、 副边电流和原边开关管控制信号的波形示意图;
图 3 为本发明一个实施例的太阳能光伏并网交错并联反激逆变器的简单示意 图;
图 4为本发明另一个实施例的太阳能光伏并网交错并联反激逆变器的简单示 意图。 具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例和附图对本发明作进一步说明, 在以下的描述中阐述了
更多的细节以便于充分理解本发明,但是本发明显然能够以多种不同于此描述地其 它方式来实施,本领域技术人员可以在不违背本发明内涵的情况下根据实际应用情 况作类似推广、 演绎, 因此不应以此具体实施例的内容限制本发明的保护范围。
图 2为本发明一个实施例的太阳能光伏并网交错并联反激逆变器的原边电流、 副边电流和原边开关管控制信号的波形示意图。 当开关管开通时,原边电流从零开 始线性增加, 当原边电流值到达基准电流值 时, 原边开关管关闭, 原边电流降 为零, 副边电流逐渐线性下降, 当副边电流到达零时, 原边开关管开通。 在同一工 频周期里,由于输入功率的不同,反激工作频率也不同。由于反激工作频率不固定, 原边电流的峰值包络线 (即 Iref、与原边电流的有效值呈非线性关系。 由此推出基 准电流 和输出电流 /。的有效值为非线性关系。
为了保证输出电流 /。为与电网电压同频同相的正弦波形,需要^ 1到两点: ( 1 ) 设计有效的硬件控制电路, 实现控制方法; ( 2 )对基准电流 和输出电流的有效 值的函数关系进行精确建模。
下面结合附图对本发明的太阳能光伏并网交错并联反激逆变器, 特别是太阳 能光伏并网交错并联反激逆变器的控制电路作详细的描述。 第一实施例
图 3 为本发明一个实施例的太阳能光伏并网交错并联反激逆变器的简单示意 图。 如图所示, 该太阳能光伏并网交错并联反激逆变器 300可以包括: 交错并联反 激电路 301、 直流检测模块 302、 交流检测模块 303、基准电流获取模块 304、 准谐 振控制电路 305、 原边电流采样模块 306以及驱动电路 307, 其中驱动电路 307又 可以包括: 比较器 308、 触发器 309。
在本实施例中, 交错并联反激电路 301 可以包括原边绕组 301 1 和副边绕组 3012, 原边绕组 301 1与太阳能电池板(未图示, 仅以直流源 DC表示)相连接, 副边绕组 3012与电网 31 1相连接, 用于对太阳能电池板产生的直流电作并联反激 后并网输出; 直流检测模块 302可以与太阳能电池板相连接,用于检测其产生的直 流电信号; 交流检测模块 303可以与交错并联反激电路 301的副边绕组 3012相连 接,用于检测并网的交流电信号;基准电流获取模块 304可以分别与直流检测模块 302和交流检测模块 303相连接, 用于根据直流电信号和交流电信号获取各时间点
的基准电流; 准谐振控制电路 305可以与交错并联反激电路 301的原边绕组 301 1 的开关管 SM相连接, 用于采样开关管 SM的漏源电压, 并比较漏源电压是否等于 准谐振阈值, 当开关管 SM的漏源电压高于准谐振阈值时, 准谐振控制电路 305输 出为 0; 当开关管 SM的漏源电压下降到等于准谐振阈值时, 准谐振控制电路 305 输出为 1; 原边电流采样模块 306可以与原边绕组 301 1相连接, 用于采样原边绕 组 301 1的电流; 以及驱动电路 307, 用于向原边绕组 301 1的开关管 SM产生开启 或者关闭的驱动信号。
另外, 驱动电路 307中的比较器 308可以分别与基准电流获取模块 304和原 边电流采样模块 306相连接, 用于比较原边电流是否等于基准电流; 而触发器 309 可以分别与比较器 308、准谐振控制电路 305和原边绕组 301 1的开关管 SM相连接, 用于当原边电流增加到等于基准电流时, 驱动开关管 SM关断, 而当开关管 SM的 漏源电压下降到等于准谐振阈值时, 驱动开关管 SM开启。
^为各时间点的基准电流, 为直流输入电压, ρ为交流输出电压的 值, ^为交流输出电流的 值, ω为交流输出电压的相位, 为原边绕组 301 1 的电感值, 2为副边绕组 3012的电感值, t为一个周期中的时间。
上述各个参数中, 通过直流检测模块 302获得以下信号: 输入电压检测电路 提供的直流输入电压 Vdc。 通过交流检测模块 303获得以下信号: 输出电压检测电 路提供的交流输出电压的 值 Vp, 输出电压检测电路提供的交流输出电压的相位 ω, 输出电流检测电路提供的交流输出电流的 值^。 根据上述公式, 可以方便地 计算出各时间点的基准电流值 Iref。
另外, 本实施例的驱动电路 307可以还包括二极管 310, 其分别与触发器 309 和原边绕组 301 1 的开关管 SM相连接, 用于确保驱动信号为正向流向, 避免逆向 流向的信号可能对驱动电路 307造成的损害。 第二实施例
图 4为本发明另一个实施例的太阳能光伏并网交错并联反激逆变器的简单示 意图。 如图所示, 该太阳能光伏并网交错并联反激逆变器 400可以包括: 交错并联
反激电路 401、 直流检测模块 402、 交流检测模块 403、 基准电流获取模块 404、 准 谐振控制电路 405、 原边电流采样模块 406以及驱动电路 407 , 其中驱动电路 407 又可以包括: 比较器 408、 触发器 409。
在本实施例中, 交错并联反激电路 401可以包括多个原边绕组 401 1和副边绕 组 4012、 Ls2, 原边绕组 401 1与太阳能电池板(未图示, 仅以直流源 DC表示) 相连接, 副边绕组中的一个 4012与电网 41 1相连接, 交错并联反激电路 401用于 对太阳能电池板产生的直流电作并联反激后并网输出;直流检测模块 402可以与太 阳能电池板相连接,用于检测其产生的直流电信号; 交流检测模块 403可以与交错 并联反激电路 401中的连接至电网 411的副边绕组 4012相连接, 用于检测并网的 交流电信号;基准电流获取模块 404可以分别与直流检测模块 402和交流检测模块 403相连接, 用于根据直流电信号和交流电信号获取各时间点的基准电流; 准谐振 控制电路 405可以与交错并联反激电路 401的另一个副边绕组 Ls2相连接,其具体 可以为一个电压比较器, 输入正端为副边电流的采样电压, 输入负端为 0, 用于采 样副边绕组 4012、 Ls2的电流产生的电压,并比较副边电流的采样电压是否等于零; 当副边电流的采样电压下降到等于 0时, 准谐振控制电路 405输出为 0; 否则准谐 振控制电路 405输出为 1; 原边电流采样模块 406可以与原边绕组 4012相连接, 用于采样原边绕组 4012的电流;以及驱动电路 407可以用于向原边绕组 4012的开 关管 SM产生开启或者关闭的驱动信号。
其中, 驱动电路 407中的比较器 408可以分别与基准电流获取模块 404和原 边电流采样模块 406相连接,用于比较原边电流是否等于基准电流, 当原边电流 'J、 于基准电流时,该比较器 408输出为 0, 当原边电流达到基准电流时,该比较器 408 输出为 1 ; 而触发器 409可以分别与比较器 408、 准谐振控制电路 405和原边绕组 401 1 的开关管 SM相连接, 用于当原边电流增加到等于基准电流时, 驱动开关管 SM关断, 而当副边电流的采样电压下降到等于零时, 驱动开关管 SM开启。
其中, 为各时间点的基准电流, i c为直流输入电压, 为交流输出电压的 峰值, ^为交流输出电流的峰值, ω为交流输出电压的相位, 为原边绕组的电感 值, 2为副边绕组的电感值, t为一个周期中的时间。
上述各个参数中, 通过直流检测模块 402获得以下信号: 输入电压检测电路 提供的直流输入电压 Vdc。 通过交流检测模块 403获得以下信号: 输出电压检测电 路提供的交流输出电压的 值 Vp, 输出电压检测电路提供的交流输出电压的相位 ω, 输出电流检测电路提供的交流输出电流的 值^。 根据上述公式, 可以方便地 计算出各时间点的基准电流值 Ι
另外, 本实施例的驱动电路 407可以还包括二极管 410, 其分别与触发器 409 和原边绕组 401 1 的开关管 SM相连接, 用于确保驱动信号为正向流向, 避免逆向 流向的信号可能对驱动电路 407造成的损害。 本发明使用基准电流控制反激逆变器进行能量转换, 在交错并联反激电路和 工频并网逆变电路的两级拓朴中,通过改进基准电流的计算方法, 结合硬件控制电 路,确保并网电流为与电网电压同频同相的正弦波形,从而大幅度降低并网电流的 总谐波失真, 改善输出电能质量。
本发明虽然以较佳实施例公开如上, 但其并不是用来限定本发明, 任何本领 域技术人员在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,都可以做出可能的变动和修改。因此, 凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任 何修改、 等同变化及修饰, 均落入本发明权利要求所界定的保护范围之内。
Claims
1、 一种太阳能光伏并网交错并联反激逆变器, 包括:
交错并联反激电路, 包括原边绕组和副边绕组, 所述原边绕组与太阳能电 池板相连接, 所述副边绕组与电网相连接, 用于对所述太阳能电池板产生的直 流电作并联反激后并网输出;
直流检测模块, 与所述太阳能电池板相连接, 用于检测其产生的直流电信 号;
交流检测模块, 与所述交错并联反激电路的副边绕组相连接, 用于检测并 网的交流电信号;
基准电流获取模块, 分别与所述直流检测模块和所述交流检测模块相连 接, 用于根据所述直流电信号和所述交流电信号获取各时间点的基准电流; 准谐振控制电路, 与所述交错并联反激电路的原边绕组的开关管相连接, 用于采样所述开关管的漏源电压, 并比较所述漏源电压是否等于准谐振阈值; 原边电流采样模块, 与所述原边绕组相连接, 用于采样所述原边绕组的电 驱动电路, 用于向所述原边绕组的开关管产生开启或者关闭的驱动信号; 其中, 所述驱动电路包括:
比较器, 分别与所述基准电流获取模块和所述原边电流采样模块相连接, 用于比较所述原边电流是否等于所述基准电流;
触发器, 分别与所述比较器、 所述准谐振控制电路和所述原边绕组的开关 管相连接, 用于当所述原边电流增加到等于所述基准电流时, 驱动所述开关管 关断, 而当所述开关管的漏源电压下降到等于所述准谐振阈值时, 驱动所述开 关管开启。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的反激逆变器, 其特征在于, 所述基准电流获取模 块依照如下公式获取所述基准电流:
I ■ IA - sin(ot)
其中, 为各时间点的基准电流, 为直流输入电压, 为交流输出电 压的峰值, 为交流输出电流的峰值, ω为交流输出电压的相位, 为所述原 边绕组的电感值, 2为所述副边绕组的电感值, t为一个周期中的时间。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的反激逆变器, 其特征在于, 当所述开关管的 漏源电压高于所述准谐振阈值时, 所述准谐振控制电路输出为 0; 当所述开关 管的漏源电压下降到等于所述准谐振阈值时, 所述准谐振控制电路输出为 1。
4、根据权利要求 3所述的反激逆变器, 其特征在于, 所述驱动电路还包括: 二极管, 分别与所述触发器和所述原边绕组的开关管相连接, 用于确保所 述驱动信号为正向流向。
5、 一种太阳能光伏并网交错并联反激逆变器, 包括:
交错并联反激电路, 包括多个原边绕组和副边绕组, 所述原边绕组与太阳 能电池板相连接, 所述副边绕组中的一个与电网相连接, 所述交错并联反激电 路用于对所述太阳能电池板产生的直流电作并联反激后并网输出;
直流检测模块, 与所述太阳能电池板相连接, 用于检测其产生的直流电信 号;
交流检测模块, 与所述交错并联反激电路中的连接至所述电网的副边绕组 相连接, 用于检测并网的交流电信号;
基准电流获取模块, 分别与所述直流检测模块和所述交流检测模块相连 接, 用于根据所述直流电信号和所述交流电信号获取各时间点的基准电流; 准谐振控制电路, 与所述交错并联反激电路的另一个副边绕组相连接, 用 于采样所述副边绕组的电流产生的电压, 并比较所述副边电流的采样电压是否 等于零;
原边电流采样模块, 与所述原边绕组相连接, 用于采样所述原边绕组的电 驱动电路, 用于向所述原边绕组的开关管产生开启或者关闭的驱动信号; 其中, 所述驱动电路包括:
比较器, 分别与所述基准电流获取模块和所述原边电流采样模块相连接, 用于比较所述原边电流是否等于所述基准电流;
触发器, 分别与所述比较器、 所述准谐振控制电路和所述原边绕组的开关 管相连接, 用于当所述原边电流增加到等于所述基准电流时, 驱动所述开关管 关断, 而当所述副边电流的采样电压下降到等于零时, 驱动所述开关管开启。
其中, 为各时间点的基准电流, i c为直流输入电压, 为交流输出电 压的峰值, 为交流输出电流的峰值, ω为交流输出电压的相位, 为所述原 边绕组的电感值, 2为所述副边绕组的电感值, t为一个周期中的时间。
7、 根据权利要求 5或 6所述的反激逆变器, 其特征在于, 所述准谐振控制 电路为电压比较器。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的反激逆变器, 其特征在于, 当所述副边电流的采 样电压下降到等于 0时, 所述准谐振控制电路输出为 0; 否则所述准谐振控制 电路输出为 1。
9、根据权利要求 7所述的反激逆变器, 其特征在于, 所述驱动电路还包括: 二极管, 分别与所述触发器和所述原边绕组的开关管相连接, 用于确保所 述驱动信号为正向流向。
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