WO2012054994A2

WO2012054994A2 - Vibration actuated apparatus for electrical energy production and monitoring of inertial displacements

Info

Publication number: WO2012054994A2
Application number: PCT/BG2010/000023
Authority: WO
Inventors: Viktor Baychev
Original assignee: Viktor Baychev
Priority date: 2010-10-26
Filing date: 2010-11-16
Publication date: 2012-05-03
Also published as: WO2012054994A3; BG110781A

Abstract

A vibration actuated apparatus with functional capabilities of generating induced electric current from renewable energy sources, further applicable to hybrid, ground or cosmonautic transport vehicle implementations. By means of wireless orientation sensors (12), (14), the apparatus provides precise real-time monitoring of micro inertial displacements and seismic waves. The apparatus comprises a concentrically encapsulating spherical stator (2) and freely levitating within spherical rotor (1), whereby identically shaped permanent magnets (3) are arranged over their surfaces. The exact position of every permanent magnet (3) is obtained through the use of spherical codes with icosahedral symmetry and further decomposition of icosahedral (1)-designs. By utilizing the resultant torque of the rotor (1), an induced electric current is generated into a fixed spherical coil (4), placed immovable between the walls of the stator (2) and rotor (1). Through technological openings (10) in the stator (2), the wire leads (11) of the coil (4) are further connected to auxiliary and readily available electric power storage devices (13).

Description

Vibration Actuated Apparatus for Electrical Energy Production and Monitoring of Inertial Displacements

Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a vibration actuated apparatus for electrical energy production and monitoring of inertial displacements. One of its applications relates to the field of electrical energy harvesting and utilization of renewable energy sources that are capable of generating random types and different by origin vibrations and oscillations. Besides its terrestrial applications, the invention can be implemented in the field of cosmonautics and space exploration as part of the propulsion or power supply systems of planetary rovers and hybrid transport vehicles. Another application is in the field of seismology for precise monitoring of seismic waves.

Background of the Invention

A prior art torquer apparatus, as disclosed in WO2007113666, is known to comprise a spherical stator and concentrically placed spherical rotor, wherein the magnetic fields are projected over the stator surface in the mode of a matrix having the form of a regular octahedron, while the magnetic fields of the rotor are arranged in the form of an icosahedron so that, two adjacent sides of the octahedron or the icosahedron possess fully covered surfaces of magnetic fields of different pole orientations. In order to locate the position of the rotor in respect to the stator, the apparatus uses optical sensors following the reflections of the rotor. Within this same apparatus only a limited number of magnets are equipped with attached to their surface coils, thus allowing it to be controlled and used as a gyroscope. In the present solution, the primary distribution of all magnets is evenly alternating and homogeneously covering the surfaces of both the rotor and stator, achieved through the use of combinations of constructions of spherical codes with icosahedral symmetry and later followed by a subsequent redistribution using decomposition of icosahedral 1 -designs. The aforementioned primary distribution process is related to a method of cylindrical disc packing over surfaces of concentrically placed spheres, whose theoretical and mathematical model is further based on three-dimensional problems of spherical and Euclidean codes (Baychev V., Boyvalenkov P., Delchev K., "On a Three-Dimensional Problem for Spherical and Euclidean Codes", Proceedings of TELECOM 2009 Conference, October 8-9, St. Constantine & Helena, Varna, Bulgaria). Additionally as opposed to prior art and implemented within the present solution are: a fully covering the inner surface of the stator spirally wound spherical coil, as well as the usage of wireless orientation sensors. On the other hand, the precise assembly and mounting of the separate hemispherical caps of the stator and rotor within the present solution, is achieved by means of a method for discovering an equatorial circle with extremal property on a unit sphere with assigned convex sets. The exact algorithm has been previously described (Baychev V., Delchev K., Papazov Y., "On a Combinatorial Geometrical Problem for Finding Equatorial Route on a Sphere", Proceedings SULSIT, vol.7, 2008, Sofia, Bulgaria - in print).

Several prior art motion actuated apparatuses, as disclosed in US 4,61 1,863, US 4,961,352, US 6,906,441 and US 5,476,018, include a spherical stator and rotor, whereby through the use of specific number of magnetic elements or by means of an externally connected shaft a contact is actually provided between the rotor and the stator. In another prior art, the arrangement of magnets is alternating in terms of their pole orientations, but having separate coils attached to every magnet ( ashid, M.K.., "Switching and Intelligence in Spherical Stepper Motor", Proceedings of the 14^th LASTED International Conference APPLIED SIMULATION AND MODELLING, June 15- 17, 2005, Benalmadena, Spain).

The disadvantages of those prior art teachings is the presence of a contact between the stator and rotor along with a less efficient distribution of magnets on their surfaces, being the result of the lack of usage of optimized constructions for spherical packing. In addition to the latter, separate coils are implemented for each particular magnet.

Other prior art actuator apparatuses, as disclosed in US 5,798,590 and WO2005075938, comprise a spherical stator and rotor, whereby the spherical rotor uses the presence of inert gases and in another case, an income of compressed gas through a supercharged tube and gas cylinder so that, the spherical rotor is allowed to remain contactless in respect to the spherical stator.

In the present solution, the need of supercharged or other type of gas to hold the spherical rotor in a contactless position in respect to the spherical stator is exchanged for a specific distribution of magnets on both opposite surfaces of the stator and rotor, which by itself contributes for a contactless state by means of magnetic levitation.

There are other prior art apparatuses, like the one disclosed in US 1,546,424, having a coil intertwining with an elastic metal frame, as well as other apparatuses, where the coils are constructed by means of tightly packed to each other, series of coaxially arranged separate cylindrical groups of coils (Quinn J.D., Baum C.E., "Positioning Loops with Parallel Magnetic Dipole Moments to Avoid Mutual Inductance", Sensor and Simulation Notes, Note 303, Air Force Weapons Laboratory, Kirtland AFB, May 13, 1987, New Mexico, USA; Lawler C.T., "A Two-Phase Spherical Electric Machine for Generating Rotating Uniform Magnetic Fields", Master's Thesis, Massachusetts institute of Technology, June 2007, Cambridge, MA, USA).

In the present solution, the coil is spirally wound on top of the surface of a plastic corpus so that, it fully covers the plastic body by means of a single continuous wire or by a similar wire, having consecutively joined in series separate constituent parts.

There is also a prior art vibration actuated apparatus and method, as disclosed in WO2004095070, whereby sensitive to vibrations devices are positioned both into a specific number of transportation vehicles, as well as into previously drilled holes into earth's surface. The data of seismic P-waves velocities is derived after parallel measurement and comparison of all of the data received by all active devices.

As opposed to the above, the present solution uses sensitive wireless orientation sensors both attached to the inner surface of a levitating spherical rotor, as well as to the outer surface of a concentrically surrounding it spherical stator, whereby the rotor is in a contactless state in respect to the stator. There are other known prior art actuator apparatuses, as disclosed in US 6,049,148, US 2001/0030471 and US 2004/0090138, where a levitating rotor core exists in a contactless state in respect to the stator by means of permanent magnets arrangements.

The shortcoming of those prior art apparatuses is their cylindrical shape and the impossibility to lead a rotor movement into an arbitrary or random axis.

In the present solution, the leading and movement of the rotor core along an arbitrary or random axis with a 360° freedom of movement is achieved by means of a freely levitating spherical rotor core, concentrically placed into a spherical stator.

Summary of the invention

A principal object of the present invention is the development and construction of an apparatus capable of generating induced electrical current by utilizing external vibrations and torque, including those produced or derived by alternative energy sources, as well as simultaneously providing the opportunity of precise registering and monitoring of seismic P- and S-waves along with other types of inertial displacements.

The achievement of this object is reached through the use of a vibration actuated apparatus, comprising a freely levitating hollow spherical rotor core with evenly arranged over its outer surface even number and identical by shape cylindrical permanent magnets, concentrically placed within a spherical stator having analogically arranged even number and identical by shape cylindrical permanent magnets. Above the surface of the latter magnets and simultaneously situated between the stator and the rotor, a fixed immovable spirally wound spherical coil is positioned. The minimum and maximum distance between adjacent, as well as between oppositely facing cylindrical permanent magnets is chosen to be a function of their radiuses and heights. Furthermore, the size of the radiuses of the two spherical bodies of the stator and rotor, as well as the exact position and spherical coordinates of the base centers of every single magnet that lays on any of those bodies, is achieved through the use of constructions of spherical codes with icosahedral symmetry and common center, followed by one further redistribution of the magnets in respect to their pole orientations, achieved by means of decomposition of icosahedral 1 -designs.

The wire leads of the spherical coil are brought to the surface of the stator through specifically provided and pre-allocated technological openings and from there on are further distributed to readily available industrial devices for conversion and storage of the generated electrical energy.

By means of mounting of readily available wireless orientation sensors attached both to the inner surface of the rotor, as well as to the outer surface of the stator, a precise monitoring and continuous realtime tracking of the torque, acceleration vectors, angular velocity and direction of displacement of the freely levitating rotor core, are achieved.

Some of the advantages of this invention are the great sensitivity to external vibrations or other oscillations, while the freely levitating rotor core predetermines a minimal amount of friction during its displacement. The distribution of the magnets over the surfaces of the stator and the rotor by means of spherical codes with icosahedral symmetry followed by a further decomposition of icosahedral 1 - designs ensures an even and uniform covering of both surfaces, but at the same time creates a precondition for continuous instability between the oscillating magnetic fields. The effect and result of this instability is a gradation of torque under conditions of uninterrupted vibrations along with an accompanying increase in generated induced current. The latter leads to an increased efficiency, while further predetermines a more effective utilization of vibrations or other oscillations generated by renewable energy sources like: surface sea waves, moving transport vehicles, bridge vibrations, etc.

Another advantage of the present invention is that only under very small threshold time periods of just about 1μ≤ the motions between all participating permanent magnets could be considered to be uniformly accelerating so that, even when in a motionless state, the apparatus through the use of its orientation sensors can register more accurately and earlier seismic P- and S-waves, as well as other micro inertial displacements.

The independence of the apparatus in respect to the existence of alternative gaseous medium, atmosphere or the lack of such, the tolerance to low temperatures or varying gravitational conditions, further makes its use suitable within propulsion or power supply systems of cosmonautic planetary rovers and hybrid transport vehicles. Description of the drawings

FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective cross-section of the apparatus;

FIG. 2 is a representative perspective cross-section through the walls of the corpuses showing the separate hemispherical caps;

FIG. 3 is a perspective partial cross-section showing a view of the plastic body with coil mounted to its surface, both situated within one of the hemispherical caps of the stator;

FIG. 4 is a close-up perspective view of a cross-section showing the walls of the corpuses with oppositely facing mounted magnets;

FIG. 4a is a close-up perspective view of a cross-section of sections of the corpuses' walls showing mount holes;

FIG. 5 is a close-up perspective view of an arbitrary corpus illustrating the distances between adjacently mounted magnets;

FIG. 5a is a close-up perspective view of a cross-section between the corpuses of the stator and rotor illustrating the distances between oppositely facing mounted magnets;

FIG. 6 is a close-up perspective view of the surface of an arbitrary corpus showing engraved indicative marking circles;

FIG. 7 is a close-up perspective view of the surface of the stator showing technological openings; FIG. 8 is a general view of the hemispherical caps of the rotor, close assembled with long threaded studs;

FIG. 8a is an internal perspective view of one of the hemispherical caps of the rotor with threaded studs mounted through its walls;

FIG. 8b is a close-up perspective view of the rotor surface showing technological openings for threaded studs;

FIG. 9 is a general perspective view of the apparatus mounted into an auxiliary bearing structure;

FIG. 9a is a close-up perspective view of a section of the auxiliary bearing structure holding the stator corpus with ball joint fasteners.

Description of the preferred embodiments

The vibration actuated apparatus, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, consists of a hollow spherical rotor 1, whose corpus is composed of two similar hemispherical caps 15, 16 divided by an irregular cutting line 23 and firmly fastened to each other with long threaded studs 9 and nuts 17 so that, the rotor 1 is concentrically positioned within the interior of a hollow spherical stator 2, whose corpus analogically to the rotor 1 is composed of two hemispherical caps 18, 19 and irregular cutting line 24. Attached to the inner surface of the stator 2 and the outer surface of the rotor 1 are two evenly numbered groups of identically shaped permanent magnets 3 with equal parameters so that, all of the magnets 3 are fixed to a corresponding wall of a corpus by bolts 7 going through the walls and nuts 8 at the opposite end. Each permanent magnet 3 attached to the inner surface of the stator 2 has an equal by number and fixed to its outer surface self-adhesive rubber gasket 6 so that, a fixed immovable spirally wound spherical coil 4 is placed laying on top. The coil 4, as shown in FIG. 3, is constructed over a spherical plastic body 5 composed of two identical by shape hemispherical caps 20, 21. An orientation sensor 12 is attached to the inner surface of the corpus of the rotor 1 and by analogy a similar orientation sensor 14 is attached to the outer surface of the corpus of the stator 2. The wire leads 11 of the coil 4 are brought through the surface of the corpus of the stator 2 by means of technological openings 10 so that, the wires are further connected to readily available devices 13 for conversion and storage of generated electrical energy.

In accordance with one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 4a, the shape of the permanent magnets 3 is cylindrical with an axially oriented in respect to their heights hole in the middle so that, any freely passing through the body of a magnet 3 bolt 7 is fixed to the respective corpus wall of the rotor 1 or stator 2. By the use of threaded holes 22 drilled through the corpus walls of the rotor 1 and stator 2, the bolts 7 attach every single magnet 3 to its exact position so that, the opposite ends are fixed with nuts 8.

In accordance with another embodiment, the implemented permanent magnets 3 are made of rare earth NdFeB alloys with high degree of magnetization so that, in one variant the magnetization grade is N45, while in another implementation example the magnets 3 are assigned to have a radius r=10mm and height z=8mm.

In accordance with another embodiment, the computation of the size of the radiuses of both spherical corpuses of the rotor 1 and stator 2, as well as the even distribution of permanent magnets 3 by locating the exact position of their base centers in the form of spherical coordinates with respect to any of the spherical corpuses of the rotor 1 and stator 2, is achieved through the use of constructions of spherical codes with icosahedral symmetry and common center, whereby every point of the spherical code represents the base center of a permanent magnet 3. In order to obtain all possible matching combinations of ^•these spherical codes, the same are optimized both in respect to the distances between adjacently laying magnets 3, as well as in respect to the distances between oppositely facing magnets 3. In one variant of the embodiment, the difference between the number of magnets 3 attached to the corpuses of the stator 2 and the rotor 1 is maximal, while in another implementation example this same difference is minimal. In one example of the embodiment, two constructions of spherical codes with icosahedral symmetry are chosen to be a suitable combination such that, 620 points are assigned for the spherical stator 2 and 390 points are assigned for the spherical rotor 1 respectively.

In accordance with another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the distances between the nearest points of adjacently laying magnets 3 are chosen to be a function of their radius r so that, the maximum distance Al is calculated based upon a coefficient kl such that, Al= r- (r.kl)/100, while the minimum distance A2 is calculated based upon a coefficient k2 such that A2= (r.k2)/100. In accordance with another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5a, the distances between the nearest points of oppositely facing magnets 3 are chosen to be a function of their radius r so that, the maximum distance 01 is calculated based upon a coefficient k3 such that Ol=2r+ (r.k3)/100, while the minimum distance O2 is calculated based upon a coefficient k4 such that O2=2r- (r.k4)/100. In one implementation example of the embodiment, the coefficient values of kl, k2, k3 and k4 were set to be 10, 44.44, 10 and 20 respectively.

In accordance with another embodiment, the exact form of the irregular cutting lines 23, 24 of each one of the hemispherical caps 15, 16 and 18, 19 is achieved by discovering an equatorial circle with extremal property on a unit sphere with assigned convex sets such that, the convex sets represent respectively all permanent magnets 3, which are distributed over the corpus surfaces of the rotor 1 and stator 2.

In accordance with another embodiment, the aforementioned and derived matching combinations of the two spherical codes are further subdivided and redistributed into two subgroups for each one of the spherical codes so that, every two subgroups that are assigned to a particular spherical code contain an equal number of permanent magnets 3 but with different pole orientations, whereas simultaneously all magnets 3 contained within both subgroups of a particular spherical code are evenly arranged and distributed over the surface of the corpuses of the stator 2 or rotor 1. For each of the corpuses of the stator 2 or rotor 1 the distribution of the magnets 3 is such that, only a minimal number of triangles formed by magnets 3 of same pole orientations exist, whereby for every single subset of three adjacent magnets 3 the maximum concentration of magnets 3 of same pole orientations is minimal. In order to complete this process, a decomposition of icosahedral 1 -designs is used consisting of a three phase algorithm. In the first phase, half of the magnets 3 of a particular spherical code are redistributed so that, the minimum distance between magnets 3 of same pole orientations is maximal. In the second phase of the algorithm, the distance between the center of masses of the spherical code and the center of the sphere of a given spherical corpus of the stator 2 or rotor 1 is minimized so that, in case the poles of a chosen pair of magnets 3 with different pole orientations are swapped at each step of the algorithm, a decrease in length of the sum of the vectors of magnets 3 having same pole orientations is obtained. In the third phase, the number of triangles formed by magnets 3 having same pole orientations is reduced such that, each step of the algorithm follows an observation whether the process of swapping poles of a chosen pair of magnets 3 of different pole orientations decreases the total number of triangles formed by magnets 3 of same pole orientations within the spherical code.

In accordance with another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, half of the magnets 3 having same pole orientations are allocated to their exact positions by indicative marking circles 25, which are additionally engraved to the corpuses of the stator 2 and rotor 1 through the use of the same centers as the ones used for the openings 22 and are further assigned with an appropriate radius allowing the encircling of same openings 22.

In accordance with another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the choice of the exact positions of the technological openings 10 at the corpus of the stator 2 is taken in accordance to the position of the centroids of the triangles with maximally long sides, being originally formed by magnets 3 having same pole orientations.

In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, FIG. 8a and FIG. 8b, the choice of the exact positions of the technological openings 26, where long threaded studs 9 are passing through the corpuses of the two hemispherical caps 15, 16, is taken in accordance to the position of equidistant pairs of oppositely facing centroids of triangles being formed by three adjacently laying magnets 3 so that, all such centroids are a maximal number and are positioned closest to the centers of each of the hemispherical caps 15, 16, as well as the axes formed by each pair of oppositely facing equidistant centroids situated at any of the hemispherical caps 15, 16, are not touching or intersecting within the interior of the rotor 1.

In accordance with another embodiment, the hemispherical caps 20, 21 of the plastic body 5 are sealed tightly along the base of their edges and rims so that, the rotor 1 is placed within. In one variant, the spirally wound spherical coil 4 is prepared in advance by winding it separately over the surface of each of the hemispherical caps 20, 21 such that, after placing the rotor 1 inside, the two parts of the coil 4 are connected in series through the edge or wall of the spherical plastic body 5, while in another variant the hemispherical caps 20, 21 are sealed tightly in advance and the spherical coil 4 is later spirally wound up over their surface without being broken or interrupted.

In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9 and FIG 9a, through the use of movable supporting elements with ball joints 27, each of the hemispherical caps 18, 19 is linked on one side to the rectangular metal panels 28 of an auxiliary bearing structure and on the other side to the upper tips of the threaded bolts 7, whereby the metal panels 28 are further supported within the whole construction by means of freely passing through openings in the four corners of the panels 28 long threaded studs 30, each of them being additionally fixed on both sides by sets of two pairs of nuts 29. When the outer surface of the rotor 1 is fully covered with magnets 3 arranged in accordance to the specific type of construction of the spherical code with icosahedral symmetry, the same are interacting with all of the analogically arranged over the inner surface of the stator 2, oppositely facing magnets 3. The use of a combination between the two spherical codes with icosahedral symmetry and by concentrically positioning the rotor 1 within the inner space of the stator 2, guarantees the simultaneous interaction between all magnets 3 regardless of their exact position. The additional redistribution of the magnets 3 into groups of mixed pole orientations, achieved through the use of decomposition of icosahedral 1 -designs, contributes to a homogeneous interaction between the forces of attraction and repulsion in respect to all of the mounted magnets 3. By so doing, the larger number of magnets 3 arranged over the inner surface of the static and fixed immovable stator 2, compared to the lesser number of magnets 3 arranged over the outer surface of the rotor 1, predetermines the simultaneous exercise of greater forces of attraction and repulsion over all points and directions in respect to the concentrically positioned rotor 1, thus keeping the rotor in a state of permanent magnetic levitation. On the other hand, the minimum angles of the vectors between the center of the two spherical codes and the centers of the positions of each of the mounted magnets 3, allow only a limited and short-term possibility of oppositely facing magnets 3 to remain in a position and state of complete concurrence of their faces such that, it is highly improbable for the levitating rotor 1 to remain in a state of full rest for longer periods of time. By means of Finite Magnetic Element Analysis it is possible to empirically compute and derive the time periods, whereby all motions can be considered to be uniformly accelerating and in the present embodiment these are possible only of periods of less than Ιμβ. In the presence of external influences over the stator 2 resulted by vibrations or torque having an arbitrary or unspecified origin, the same are transferred contactless to the freely levitating rotor 1 inside, thus causing oscillations between all oppositely facing fields. For their part, these same oscillations produce and cause inertial displacements and random torque momentum into the levitating rotor core 1 such that, the vectors of acceleration, the angular velocity and all of their related parameters depend on the force and duration of those vibrations.

As a result of the inertial displacements and the random generated torque of the levitating rotor core 1, the same is aiding the free oscillation of all mounted to its outer surface permanent magnets 3 having mixed pole orientations arrangement. The oscillating magnetic fields of the rotor 1 are interacting on one hand with the analogous magnetic fields of the permanent magnets 3, which are situated over the inner surface of the stator 2 and on the other hand, are simultaneously interacting with the fixed and immovably positioned between the rotor 1 and stator 2, spirally wound spherical coil 4. In this way, the apparatus is able to generate induced electrical current into the spirally wound spherical coil 4, which electrical current is further transmitted through the use of the wire leads 11 of the coil 4, to readily available devices 13 for conversion and storage of generated electrical energy.

By using other types and combinations of spherical codes with icosahedral symmetry, it is possible to increase the total number of the implemented magnets 3, as well as successfully utilize magnets 3 with bigger dimensions and respectively higher grades of magnetization, thus leading into a gradation and increase of the generated electrical current.

Regardless of a presence of a coil 4 or a process of redistribution of magnets 3 using decomposition of icosahedral 1 -designs, as well as regardless of whether the distribution of oppositely facing magnets 3 includes their additional division into subgroups of magnets 3 with mixed pole orientations, the apparatus can register, monitor, measure and transmit data of the inertial displacements, vectors of acceleration, angular velocities and rotational matrices as received by the orientation sensors 12, 14, all of these being the result of the displacement of the levitating rotor core 1 into space. The precise calculations and information of the force, direction or other parameters of arbitrary and random external vibrations and their impact on the levitating rotor core 1 are obtained through computation of the differences between all synchronously monitored parallel data, as it is received from both of the orientation sensors 12, 14. The use of time periods of less than 1 μβ, whereby all motions of the levitating rotor core 1 can be considered to be uniformly accelerating, allows a fine monitoring and early recording and tracking of different kinds of external vibrations and oscillations, like for example those of seismic P- and S-waves, etc.

Being part of the auxiliary bearing structure and through the use of four sets of two pairs of nuts 29 along the length of the threaded studs 30, it is made possible for the two rectangular metal panels 28 to be gradually put closer or set apart. Parallel to the panels 28 and attached by means of movable supporting elements with ball joints 27, both of the hemispherical caps 18, 19 of the stator 2 are also capable of being closed sealed to one another or separated and set apart. Using this auxiliary mechanism, the rotor 1, the spherical plastic body 5 and the spirally wound spherical coil 4 are assembled concentrically into the inner space of the stator 2 so that, on the following step after gradually driving closer to each other both of the hemispherical caps 18, 19, the corpus of the stator 2 is being tightly sealed along the cutting line 24.

Obviously, numerous modifications and variations of the preferred embodiment described above are possible and will become apparent to those skilled in the art in light of this specification. Moreover, many functions and advantages are described for the preferred embodiment, but in many uses of the invention, not all of these functions and advantages would be needed. Therefore, it is contemplated for an use of the invention using fewer than the complete set of noted features, benefits, functions and advantages. Moreover, several species and embodiments of the invention are disclosed herein, but not all are specifically claimed, although all are covered by generic claims. Nevertheless, the intention is that each and every one of these species and embodiments, and the equivalents thereof, be encompassed and protected within the scope of the following claims, and no dedication to the public is intended by virtue of the lack of claims specific to any individual species. Accordingly, it is expressly intended that all these embodiments, species, modifications and variations, and the equivalents thereof, are to be considered within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims, wherein it is claimed:

Claims

1. A vibration actuated apparatus comprising: a) a spherical rotor core 1 with fixed and evenly arranged over outer surface of said rotor 1, even number of identically shaped cylindrical permanent magnets 3 such that, the combination of the spherical coordinates of the exact positions of base centers of said magnets 3 represent a construction of spherical codes with icosahedral symmetry; b) a spherical stator 2 with fixed and evenly arranged over inner surface of said stator 2, even number of identically shaped cylindrical permanent magnets 3 such that, the combination of the spherical coordinates of the exact positions of base centers of said magnets 3 represent a construction of spherical codes with icosahedral symmetry, said stator 2 being concentrically encapsulating said rotor l ; c) a spirally wound spherical coil 4, immovably fixed to inner surface of said stator 2 such that, said coil 4 lays on top of outer surface of said evenly arranged cylindrical permanent magnets 3 of said stator 2 inner surface; d) means for obtaining real-time measurements of torque displacement of said rotor 1 in respect to said stator 2 such that, said measurements are transmitted wirelessly; e) means for obtaining real-time measurements of said stator 2 position in space, as well as in respect to the center of masses of the whole apparatus such that, said measurements are transmitted wirelessly; f) readily available industrial devices 13 for conversion and storage of generated and induced into said spherical coil 4 electric current such that, a connection is used between wire leads 11 of said spherical coil 4 and said industrial devices 13.

2. An apparatus according to Claim 1 in which both spherical codes with icosahedral symmetry used to distribute and arrange the exact spherical coordinates of base centers of each said permanent magnet 3 to said rotor 1 outer surface and said stator 2 inner surface, share common center.

3. An apparatus according to Claim 1 and 2 in which equal numbers of said permanent magnets 3 of mixed pole orientations are evenly and alternately arranged to said rotor 1 and said stator 2 surfaces, by means of precise distribution using decomposition of icosahedral 1 - designs.

4. An apparatus according to Claim 2 or Claim 3 in which the external shapes of said rotor 1 and said stator 2 are spherical such that, the difference in their radiuses is a function of the combination of both said spherical codes with icosahedral symmetry and a common center.

5. An apparatus according to any of Claims 2 to 4 in which the external shapes of said rotor 1 and said stator 2 are spherical such that, the difference in their radiuses is a function of the radius and height of said cylindrical permanent magnets 3.

6. An apparatus according to any of Claims 2 to 5 in which said rotor core 1 is freely levitating within inner space of said stator 2.

7. An apparatus according to any of Claims 2 to 6 in which all distances between adjacently situated identically shaped cylindrical magnets 3 are function of their radius.

8. An apparatus according to any of Claims 2 to 7 in which distances between oppositely facing identically shaped cylindrical permanent magnets 3 are function of their radius.

9. An apparatus according to any of Claims 2 to 8 in which the total number of said permanent magnets 3 arranged to inner surface of said stator 2 has a maximum difference in respect to the total number of said permanent magnets 3 arranged to outer surface of said rotor 1.

10. An apparatus according to any of Claims 2 to 8 in which the total number of said permanent magnets 3 arranged to inner surface of said stator 2 has a minimum difference in respect to the total number of said permanent magnets 3 arranged to outer surface of said rotor 1.

1 1. An apparatus according to any of Claims 2 to 10 in which arbitrary external vibrations or torque cause oscillations between magnetic fields of oppositely facing permanent magnets 3.

12. An apparatus according to any Claims 2 to 1 1 in which arbitrary external vibrations or torque cause resultant inertial displacements and torque momentum into said levitating rotor core 1 through contactless means.

13. An apparatus according to any Claims 2 to 12 in which measurements and data acquisition of inertial displacements, acceleration vectors, angular velocities and rotation matrices, all caused by displacements in space of said levitating rotor core 1, are obtained and recorded through use of wireless sensors 12, 14 attached to inner surface of said rotor 1 and outer surface of said stator 2.

14. An apparatus according to any Claims 2 to 13 in which seismic P- and S-waves or other external inertial displacements are measured in respect to or are based upon data acquisition of torque displacements of said levitating rotor core 1.

15. An apparatus according to any Claims 2 to 12 in which electric current is induced into said spirally wound spherical coil 4 as a result of inertial displacements and torque momentum of said levitating rotor core 1, being the further result of randomly generated external vibrations or torque.

16. An apparatus according to any Claims 2 to 12 in which induced electric current into said spirally wound spherical coil 4 is achieved in the presence of varying gravitational conditions, under low temperatures or within a vacuum or other gaseous or atmospheric medium and environment.