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WO2011073779A1 - Composition de gas-oil comprenant du biodiesel et du carbonate de diéthyle issu du bioéthanol - Google Patents

Composition de gas-oil comprenant du biodiesel et du carbonate de diéthyle issu du bioéthanol Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011073779A1
WO2011073779A1 PCT/IB2010/003271 IB2010003271W WO2011073779A1 WO 2011073779 A1 WO2011073779 A1 WO 2011073779A1 IB 2010003271 W IB2010003271 W IB 2010003271W WO 2011073779 A1 WO2011073779 A1 WO 2011073779A1
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gas oil
volume
composition according
oil composition
biodiesel
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PCT/IB2010/003271
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English (en)
Inventor
Marcello Notari
Elena Maria Rebesco
Maria Cristina Savarese
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Eni S.P.A.
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Publication of WO2011073779A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011073779A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
    • C10L1/026—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for compression ignition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gas oil composition comprising diethyl carbonate and biodiesel.
  • the present invention relates to a gas oil composition
  • a gas oil composition comprising diethyl carbonate obtained from bioethanol and biodiesel.
  • the above composition can be advantageously used as fuel for diesel engines.
  • HVO hydrotreated vegetable oils
  • Biodiesel generally comprises a blend of fatty acid alkyl esters, in particular a blend of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) and can be produced starting from raw materials of a natural origin containing triglycerides (generally triesters of glycerine with fatty acids having a long alkyl chain) such as, for example, crude vegetable oils obtained by squeezing the seeds of oleaginous plants such as, for example, rape, palm, soya, sunflower, mustard, and also from other triglyceride sources such as, for example, algae, animal fats, or used or waste vegetable oils.
  • triglycerides generally triesters of glycerine with fatty acids having a long alkyl chain
  • oleaginous plants such as, for example, rape, palm, soya, sunflower, mustard
  • other triglyceride sources such as, for example, algae, animal fats, or used or waste vegetable oils.
  • Said raw materials as such, or the triglycerides obtained after subjecting said raw materials to separation, are subjected to a transesterification process in the presence of an alcohol, in particular methanol, and of a catalyst, in order to obtain said fatty acid alkyl esters, in particular said fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) .
  • an alcohol in particular methanol
  • a catalyst in order to obtain said fatty acid alkyl esters, in particular said fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) .
  • said biodiesel can be used in blends with gas oil in amounts lower than or equal to 7% by volume with respect to the total volume of said blends. Only a few motorizations, specifically modified, can be capable of using blends of gas oil comprising amounts of biodiesel higher than 7% by volume with respect to the total volume of said blends or even of using biodiesel as such, as fuel.
  • Hydrotreated vegetable oils also known as green diesel, are produced by the hydrogenation/deoxygenation of a material deriving from renewable sources comprising triglycerides and free fatty acids, in the presence of hydrogen and of a catalyst as described, for example, by Holmgren J. et al . in the article "New developments in renewable fuels offer more choices", published in "Hydrocarbon Processing", September 2007, pages 67-71.
  • This article indicates the best characteristics of said hydrotreated vegetable oils (HVO) with respect to biodiesel, in particular with respect to the blend of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) .
  • FAME fatty acid methyl esters
  • the best oxidative stability and the best improved cold properties of said hydrotreated vegetable oils (HVO) are indicated.
  • said hydrotreated vegetable oils (HVO) do not have the problem of the higher emissions of nitrogen oxides (NO x ) .
  • biocomponents traditionally used in blends with gasoline, in blends with gas oil, would make the use of said biodegradable and renewable energy sources more effective and the rebalance of the disequilibrium of the European production between gas oil and gasoline.
  • blends of bioethanol with gas oil are also known in the art.
  • bioethanol/gas oil blends can have various problems such as, for example, non- homogeneity, low cetane number, low flash point.
  • European patent application EP 1,721,954 describes a diesel fuel composition
  • a diesel fuel as base material comprising: a diesel fuel as base material; ethanol in an amount ranging from 5% by weight to 30% by weight with respect to the total amount of said diesel; ethyl nitrite or, alternatively, ethyl nitrate in an amount ranging from 0.5% by weight to 7% by weight with respect to the total amount of said diesel.
  • Said ethanol is preferably obtained from vegetable material, for example from the fermentation of vegetable substances such as agricultural crops comprising sugar cane and corn. Thanks to the presence of ethyl nitrite or ethyl nitrate, the above diesel composition is said to have an excellent ignitability in spite of the presence of ethanol.
  • Said patent application does not provide data relating to the flash point of the above diesel composition.
  • Miloslaw et al . for example, in the article "The influence of synthetic oxygenates on Euro 4 diesel passenger car exhaust emissions" published in SAE Report 2008-01-2387, indicate, among other things, the results of an experimentation carried out on a Euro 4 motor vehicle according to the NEDC cycle and according to the FTP-75 cycle with the use of a gas oil containing 5% by volume of diethyl carbonate with respect to the total volume of the gas oil/diethyl carbonate blend, which corresponds to an oxygen content in the blend equal to about 2.4% by weight.
  • Diethyl carbonate is a non-toxic compound, having a density equal to 975 kg/m 3 and an oxygen content equal to 40.7% by weight, which, with respect to other oxygenated components for fuels such as, for example, dimethyl carbonate, ethanol, has the advantage of having a more favourable gas oil/water distribution coefficient.
  • a further advantage of diethyl carbonate with respect to other oxygenated components for fuels, for example, methyl-tert-butyl ether (MTBE) is that if it is accidentally released into the environment, it is slowly transformed, by hydrolytic decomposition, to carbon dioxide and ethanol, which are compounds having a low environmental impact .
  • MTBE methyl-tert-butyl ether
  • biodiesel which, however, as indicated above, can be used in amounts lower than or equal to 7% by volume with respect to the total volume of said blends. Consequently, at present, fuels for diesel engines (i.e. gas oils) only contain a limited amount of oxygenated biocomponents.
  • the Applicant has considered the problem of using higher amounts of oxygenated biocomponents, deriving from biodegradable and renewable energy sources, in compositions comprising gas oil, avoiding the drawbacks described above.
  • compositions comprising gas oil and biodiesel allow compositions comprising a higher content of oxygenated biocomponents to be obtained, in particular allows to obtain gas oil compositions having a content of oxygenated biocomponents higher than or equal to 7.5% by volume with respect to the total volume of said compositions, which can be advantageously used as fuel for diesel engines.
  • the Applicant has found that the addition of said diethyl carbonate deriving from bioethanol allows the amount of oxygenated biocomponents to be increased in gas oil compositions without negatively influencing the characteristics of the starting gas oil, such as, for example, density, flash point, cetane number and cold properties such as the cloud point (CP) and the cold filter plugging point (CFPP) . Furthermore the addition of said diethyl carbonate deriving from bioethanol allows the amount of oxygenated biocomponents to be increased in gas oil compositions without negatively influencing the oxidation stability of the same.
  • An object of the present invention therefore relates to a gas oil composition
  • a gas oil composition comprising:
  • any gas oil can be used.
  • said gas oil can be selected either from gas oils which fall within the specifications of gas oil for motor vehicles according to the standard EN 590:2009, or from gas oils which do not fall within these specifications.
  • Gas oil is generally a blend containing aliphatic hydrocarbons such as, for example, paraffins, aromatic hydrocarbons and naphthenes, typically having from 13 to 30 carbon atoms.
  • the distillation temperature of the gas oil generally ranges from 160°C to 380°C.
  • said gas oil can have a density, at 15 °C, determined according to the standard EN ISO 3675:1998, ranging from 780 kg/m 3 to 845 kg/m 3 , preferably ranging from 800 kg/m 3 to 840 kg/m 3 .
  • said gas oil can have a flash point, determined according to the standard EN ISO 2719:2002, higher than or equal to 55°C, preferably higher than or equal to 65°C.
  • said gas oil can have a cetane number, determined according to the standard EN ISO 5165:1998, higher than or equal to 51, preferably higher than or equal to 53.
  • Said diethyl carbonate can be obtained by means of various processes known in the art for the synthesis of diethyl carbonate from ethanol .
  • said diethyl carbonate can be obtained by means of a process which comprises the transesterification of at least one dialkyl carbonate such as, for example, dimethyl carbonate, or of at least one cyclic carbonate such as, for example, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, with bioethanol, in the presence of at least one catalyst.
  • Said process is particularly advantageous as it uses non-toxic carbonylating agents (i.e. dialkyl carbonate, or cyclic carbonate) .
  • Said transesterification can be carried out at a temperature ranging from 50°C to 250°C, in the presence of at least one catalyst which can be selected from: inorganic basic compounds such as, for example, hydroxides (e.g., sodium hydroxide), alkoxides (e.g., sodium methoxide) ; alkaline metals or compounds of alkaline metals; organic basic compounds such as, for example, triethylamine , triethanolamine , tributylamine ; compounds of tin, titanium, zirconium or thallium; heterogeneous catalysts such as, for example, zeolites, modified zeolites such as, for example, titanium silicalites (e.g., titanium silicalite TS-1 treated with potassium carbonate) ; metal oxides belonging to group IVA and/or group IVB of the Periodic Table of Elements, preferably supported on a porous carrier; rare earth oxides.
  • inorganic basic compounds such as, for example, hydroxides
  • the methanol co-produced can be removed by distillation as an azeotropic mixture with dimethyl carbonate, whereas the diethyl carbonate produced can be recovered by separating it by distillation from the excess of ethanol and from the methyl-ethyl carbonate which is the reaction intermediate.
  • the diethyl carbonate produced can be recovered by separating it by distillation from the excess of bioethanol, from the non-reacted alkylene carbonate and from the alkylene glycol co-produced.
  • said diethyl carbonate can be obtained by means of a process which comprises the reaction of urea with bioethanol, in the presence of at least one catalyst.
  • This process uses urea as carbonylating agent, which is a non-toxic, inexpensive and easily available product. Furthermore, the possibility of recycling the ammonia co-produced to the production of urea, makes the synthesis process highly sustainable as it uses bioethanol and carbon dioxide.
  • the above process firstly involves the formation of ethyl carbamate which is subsequently converted to diethyl carbonate.
  • Said process which can be either a single-step or two-step process, can be carried out at temperatures ranging from 100°C to 270°C, removing the reaction ammonia, in the presence of at least one catalyst which can be selected from: homogenous catalysts such as, for example, compounds of tin; heterogeneous catalysts such as, for example, metal oxides, or powder or supported metals; a bifunctional catalytic system, consisting of a Lewis acid and of a Lewis base; mineral acids or bases.
  • homogenous catalysts such as, for example, compounds of tin
  • heterogeneous catalysts such as, for example, metal oxides, or powder or supported metals
  • a bifunctional catalytic system consisting of a Lewis acid and of a Lewis base
  • mineral acids or bases mineral acids or bases.
  • European patent EP 0061672 and international patent application WO 95/17369 describe synthesis processes of dialkyl carbonates from urea and alcohol carried out, in either a single step or two consecutive steps, in the presence of tin compounds as catalysts such as, for example, dibutyl-tin oxide, dibutyl-tin dimethoxide, at a temperature ranging from 120°C to 270°C, removing the reaction ammonia and recovering the product by distillation.
  • tin compounds as catalysts such as, for example, dibutyl-tin oxide, dibutyl-tin dimethoxide
  • Both steps are conveniently carried out by removing the reaction ammonia, in the presence of a bifunctional catalytic system, consisting of a Lewis acid, such as diisobutyl aluminium hydride, and of a Lewis base, such as triphenylphosphine, which allows a reduction in the formation of by-products deriving from the decomposition of the alkyl carbamate.
  • a bifunctional catalytic system consisting of a Lewis acid, such as diisobutyl aluminium hydride, and of a Lewis base, such as triphenylphosphine, which allows a reduction in the formation of by-products deriving from the decomposition of the alkyl carbamate.
  • dialkyl carbonate takes place in a reactor equipped with a distillation column, in the, presence of at least one tin (IV) alkoxide such as, for example, dibutyltin dimethoxide and of at least one high-boiling solvent containing electron-donor atoms such as, for example, triglime (triethylene glycol dimethylether) .
  • the reaction is carried out at a temperature of about 180°C and at a pressure of about 0.6 MPa, feeding to the reactor, the urea-alkyl carbamate bend in alcohol coming from the pre-reactor and removing the dialkyl carbonate at the head.
  • the selectivity to dialkyl carbonate indicated for this process is about 91%-93%.
  • the above process for the synthesis of diethyl carbonate from bioethanol and urea can also be carried out in the presence of heterogeneous catalysts such as, for example, metal oxides, less toxic than organo-tin compounds.
  • heterogeneous catalysts such as, for example, metal oxides, less toxic than organo-tin compounds.
  • said diethyl carbonate can be obtained by means of a process which comprises the oxidative carbonylation of bioethanol with carbon monoxide and oxygen, in the presence of at least one catalyst.
  • Said process is preferably carried out in gas phase using heterogeneous catalysts such as, for example, CuCl 2 /PdCl 2 /AC, containing copper (II) chloride and palladium (II) chloride supported on activated carbon (AC) ; or CuCl 2 /PdCl 2 /AC-KOH, obtained from the previous catalyst for subsequent treatment with potassium hydroxide; or CuCl /PdCl 2 /KCl/AC-NaOH, obtained by impregnation of activated carbon with CuCl 2 , PdCl 2 , KC1 and subsequent treatment with sodium hydroxide .
  • heterogeneous catalysts such as, for example, CuCl 2 /PdCl 2 /AC, containing copper (II) chloride and palladium (II)
  • Said bioethanol can be obtained from fermentation processes from biomasses, that is from various agricultural products rich in carbohydrates and sugars, such as, for example, cereals, sugar, starch or rape crops, or mixtures thereof, known in the art.
  • said bioethanol can be obtained by the fermentation of at least one biomass deriving from agricultural crops, such as, for example, corn, sorghum, barley, beet, sugar cane, or mixtures thereof.
  • agricultural crops such as, for example, corn, sorghum, barley, beet, sugar cane, or mixtures thereof.
  • said bioethanol can be obtained by the fermentation of at least one lignocellulosic biomass which can be selected from:
  • products of crops expressly cultivated for energy use (for example, miscanthus, foxtail, goldenrod, common cane) , including scraps, residues and waste products, of said crops or of their processing; products of agricultural cultivations, forestation and silviculture, comprising wood, plants, residues and waste products of agricultural processing, of forestation and of silviculture;
  • waste products coming from the differentiated collection of solid urban waste e.g., urban waste of a vegetable origin, paper, etc.
  • biodiesel comprises a blend of fatty acid alkyl esters, in particular a blend of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) and can be produced starting from raw materials of a natural origin containing triglycerides (generally triesters of glycerine with fatty acids having a long alkyl chain) such as, for example, crude vegetable oils obtained by squeezing the seeds of oleaginous plants such as, for example, rape, palm, soya, sunflower, mustard, and also from other triglyceride sources such as, for example, algae, animal fats, or used or waste vegetable oils.
  • triglycerides generally triesters of glycerine with fatty acids having a long alkyl chain
  • oleaginous plants such as, for example, rape, palm, soya, sunflower, mustard
  • other triglyceride sources such as, for example, algae, animal fats, or used or waste vegetable oils.
  • Said raw materials as such, or the triglycerides obtained after subjecting said raw materials to separation are subjected to a transesterification process in the presence of an alcohol, in particular, methanol, and a catalyst, in order to obtain said fatty acid alkyl esters, in particular said fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) .
  • a catalyst in addition to said fatty acid alkyl esters, glycerine is also obtained from said transesterification process, which must be separated as it is immiscible with said fatty acid alkyl esters.
  • Said catalyst can preferably be selected from basic catalysts such as, for example, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) , potassium hydroxide (KOH) , sodium methoxide (NaOCH 3 ) .
  • said catalyst can be selected from acid catalysts [e.g., sulfuric acid (H 2 S0 4 ) , p- toluenesulfonic acid (C 7 HS0 3 H) ] ; enzymatic catalysts (e.g., lipase); heterogeneous catalysts based on metallic oxides (e.g., ZnO/Al 2 0 3 , MgO/Al 2 0 3 , 2 C0 3 /A1 2 0 3 , Na/NaOH/Al 2 0 3 , K 0 3 /A1 2 0 3 , Zr0 2 ); or zeolites [e.g., NaX, NaX treated with potassium hydroxide (KOH) , ETS-10] .
  • acid catalysts e.g., sulfuric acid (H 2 S0 4 ) , p- toluenesulfonic acid (C 7 HS0 3 H)
  • enzymatic catalysts e.g.
  • Said biodiesel can also be produced starting from raw materials comprising, in addition to triglycerides, also free fatty acids, by means of a process comprising the esterification of said free fatty acids and the transesterification of said triglycerides with an alcohol (e.g., methanol). Said process can be carried out in a single step, or in two separate steps, in the presence of catalysts which can be selected from those described above .
  • an alcohol e.g., methanol
  • blends can be used also comprising, in addition to said fatty acid alkyl esters, glycerine acetals, or glycerine ethers, or alkyl esters of glycerol carbonate, produced for using glycerine which, as indicated above, is obtained from the synthesis process of biodiesel.
  • Said blends are described, for example, in international patent applications WO 2006/093896 and WO 2005/093015, in American patents US 6,174,501 and US 5,578,090, in European patent EP 1,569,923, and also in international patent application WO 2009/115274 in the name of the Applicant .
  • any biodiesel comprising a blend of fatty acid alkyl esters, in particular a blend of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) , can be used.
  • Said biodiesel can preferably be selected from those which fall within the specifications of biodiesel for motor vehicles according to the standard EN 14214:2009.
  • said biodiesel can have a density, at 15 °C, determined according to the standard EN ISO 3675:1998, ranging from 860 kg/m 3 to 900 kg/m 3 , preferably ranging from 865 kg/m 3 to . 890 kg/m 3 .
  • said biodiesel can have a flash point, determined according to the standard EN ISO 2719:2002, higher than or equal to 101°C, preferably higher than or equal to 140°C.
  • composition of gas oil, object of the present invention can optionally comprise conventional additives known in the art such as, for example, flow improvers, lubricity improvers, cetane improvers, antifoam agents, detergents, antioxidants, anticorrosion agents, antistatic additives, dyes, or mixtures thereof.
  • additives if present, are generally present in an amount not higher than 0.3% by volume with respect to the total volume of said composition considered equal to 100.
  • the equipment used for the preparation of diethyl carbonate consisted of a jacketed glass flask, having a volume of 2 litres, heated by circulation in the jacket of oil coming from a thermostatic bath, equipped with a magnetic stirrer, a thermometer and a glass distillation column with 30 perforated plates. All the vapour is condensed at the top of the column and only a part of the liquid is removed by the intervention of an electromagnetic valve.
  • the following reagents were added to the above glass flask, in an inert atmosphere: 1,081 g (12 moles) of dimethyl carbonate (purity equal to 99.9%), containing 200 mg/kg of water and 0.1% by weight of methanol; 1,106 g (23.9 moles) of anhydrous bioethanol (purity equal to 99.6%) for motor vehicles, in conformance with the standard EN 15376:2008, containing 1,000 mg/kg of water, 0.1% by weight of methanol and 0.2% by weight of C 3 -C 5 saturated alcohols; 8.6 g of a solution of sodium methoxide at 30% by weight in methanol .
  • the reaction mixture was kept under stirring, at atmospheric pressure, and heated to boiling point.
  • the temperature at the top of the column became stabilized at a value of 63.5°C
  • the collection of the distillate, containing the azeotropic mixture of methanol-dimethyl carbonate was initiated, operating with a reflux ratio which was such as to maintain the temperature at the top as constant as possible, thus minimizing the content of ethanol in the distillate.
  • the distillation residue was subjected to filtration to eliminate the catalyst, obtaining 61 g of product, mainly containing diethyl carbonate (BioDEC) (95.8% by weight) and dialkyl carbonates from C 3 -C 5 alcohols (4.2% by weight) .
  • BioDEC diethyl carbonate
  • dialkyl carbonates from C 3 -C 5 alcohols (4.2% by weight) .
  • the synthesis of diethyl carbonate (BioDEC) carried out as described above, was characterized by a conversion of dimethyl carbonate equal to 78.5%, a conversion of bioethanol equal to 71.3%, a selectivity of dimethyl carbonate to diethyl carbonate (BioDEC) equal to 80.7% and a selectivity of dimethyl carbonate to methyl-ethyl carbonate equal to 19.1%.
  • the diethyl carbonate (BioDEC) obtained has a purity equal to 99.5%.
  • a biodiesel having the characteristics indicated in Table 2 was added to a gas oil having the characteristics indicated in Table 1, in an amount equal to 7% by volume with respect to the total volume of the composition composed of gas oil + biodiesel: the characteristics of the composition obtained are indicated in Table 3.
  • Table 2 was added to a gas oil having the characteristics indicated in Table 1, in an amount equal to 7% by volume, together with diethyl carbonate (BioDEC) (purity equal to 99.5%) obtained according to Example 1 reported above, in different amounts, i.e. in an amount equal to 2% by volume and in an amount equal to 4% by volume, the amount of biodiesel and diethyl carbonate (BioDEC) being calculated with respect to the total volume of the composition consisting of gas oil, biodiesel and diethyl carbonate (BioDEC) : the characteristics of the composition obtained are indicated in Table 4.
  • BioDEC diethyl carbonate
  • gas oil compositions contain a higher amount of oxygenated biocomponents , they have an oxidation stability equal to that of the gas oil composition containing 7% by volume of biodiesel indicated in Example 2 (see Table 3) .
  • Table 2 was added to a gas oil having the characteristics indicated in Table 5, in an amount equal to 7% by volume with respect to the total volume of the composition composed of gas oil + biodiesel: the characteristics of the composition obtained are indicated in Table 6.
  • a biodiesel having the characteristics indicated in Table 2 was added to a gas oil having the characteristics indicated in Table 5, in an amount equal to 7% by volume, together with diethyl carbonate (BioDEC) (purity equal to 99.5%) obtained according to Example 1 reported above, in different amounts, i.e. in an amount equal to 2% by volume, in an amount equal to 4% by volume and in an amount equal to 6% by volume, the amount of biodiesel and diethyl carbonate (BioDEC) being calculated with respect to the total volume of the composition consisting of gas oil, biodiesel and diethyl carbonate (BioDEC) : the characteristics of the composition obtained are indicated in Table 7.

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  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)

Abstract

Selon l'invention, la composition de gas-oil comprend: - entre 65% en volume et 92,5% en volume, de préférence entre 83% en volume et 89% en volume, par rapport au volume total de ladite composition, d'au moins un gas-oil; - entre 0,5% en volume et 20% en volume, de préférence entre 1% en volume et 10% en volume, par rapport au volume total de ladite composition, d'au moins un carbonate de diéthyle, ledit carbonate de diéthyle étant obtenu à partir du bioéthanol; - entre 0,5% en volume et 15% en volume, de préférence entre 3% en volume et 7% en volume, par rapport au volume total de ladite composition, d'au moins un biodiesel; à condition que la quantité totale dudit carbonate de diéthyle et dudit biodiesel soit supérieure ou égale à 7,5% en volume par rapport au volume total de ladite composition. Cette composition peut avantageusement servir de carburant pour les moteurs diesel.
PCT/IB2010/003271 2009-12-18 2010-12-13 Composition de gas-oil comprenant du biodiesel et du carbonate de diéthyle issu du bioéthanol WO2011073779A1 (fr)

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