WO2011061849A1 - 麻疹及びニパウイルス感染症に対する2価ワクチンとして有用な組換え体麻疹ウイルス - Google Patents
麻疹及びニパウイルス感染症に対する2価ワクチンとして有用な組換え体麻疹ウイルス Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011061849A1 WO2011061849A1 PCT/JP2009/069692 JP2009069692W WO2011061849A1 WO 2011061849 A1 WO2011061849 A1 WO 2011061849A1 JP 2009069692 W JP2009069692 W JP 2009069692W WO 2011061849 A1 WO2011061849 A1 WO 2011061849A1
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- measles virus
- nipah
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- C12N2760/00011—Details
- C12N2760/18011—Paramyxoviridae
- C12N2760/18411—Morbillivirus, e.g. Measles virus, canine distemper
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- C12N2760/00011—Details
- C12N2760/18011—Paramyxoviridae
- C12N2760/18411—Morbillivirus, e.g. Measles virus, canine distemper
- C12N2760/18441—Use of virus, viral particle or viral elements as a vector
- C12N2760/18443—Use of virus, viral particle or viral elements as a vector viral genome or elements thereof as genetic vector
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a recombinant measles virus having a vaccine action against measles and Nipah virus infection, a vaccine containing the same, and an antiserum obtained therefrom.
- Nipah virus infection is an emerging virus infection that first appeared in Malaysia from 1998 to 1999, and caused 265 patients and 107 patients who died of severe respiratory symptoms and encephalitis. The first epidemic was revealed to have occurred in pig farms and spread from pigs to humans.
- the natural host is a fruit bat (fruit bat). No subsequent recurrence has been seen in Malaysia, but from 2003 to 2004, an epidemic that exceeded 70% of fatalities occurred in Bangladesh, resulting in more than 50 deaths. In Bangladesh it has been sporadic to date and a certain number of patients die each year. Moreover, it is strongly suggested that swine is not involved in the epidemic in Bangladesh, and that direct transmission from human bats to humans and transmission from humans to humans occurred.
- the clinical symptoms in humans are mainly cerebral inflammation.
- the incubation period is 4-18 days, starting with fever, headache and sleepiness.
- Some patients complain of neck stiffness, anxiety, paralysis, nausea and dizziness.
- symptoms such as loss of direction, confusion, abnormal behavior, and memory loss may occur.
- the patient falls into a coma after 3 to 30 days and dies. If it recovers, it will recover in 3 days to 2 weeks. Respiratory symptoms are rare.
- Nipah virus is a virus belonging to the genus Henipavirus in the Paramyxoviridae family. The most closely related Hendra virus is the virus that caused the emerging virus infection that emerged in Australia in 1994. The horse died of hemorrhagic pneumonia, and the horse infected the human. And 2 people died of encephalitis. Both Nipah virus and Henipah virus infect host cells using a transmembrane protein with a cytoplasmic signaling domain called Ephrin-B2 as a receptor. This Ephrin-B2 is known to be expressed in vascular endothelial cells and brain neurons, and it has become possible to explain one of the reasons for the wide host range of Nipah virus and systemic infections. .
- Urticaria is caused by measles virus classified into Paramyxoviridae and Morbillivirus.
- Viral particles have a polymorphic elliptical structure with a diameter of 100 to 250 nm.
- the inner capsid has a helical negative RNA genome, and the outer envelope has a matrix protein, hemagglutinin (H) protein, and a short surface glycoprotein (M) process of fusion (F) protein.
- H and F proteins are necessary for virus cell adsorption and cell fusion, and M protein is necessary for virus assembly.
- M protein is necessary for virus assembly.
- measles virus As a vaccine against measles, a live vaccine in which measles virus is subcultured in cell culture and attenuated is used, and the effect of immunity is prolonged.
- measles virus As a vaccine against measles, a live vaccine in which measles virus is subcultured in cell culture and attenuated is used, and the effect of immunity is prolonged.
- measles virus As a vaccine against measles, a live vaccine in which measles virus is subcultured in cell culture and attenuated is used, and the effect of immunity is prolonged.
- measles virus as a vaccine vector for Nipah virus infection has never been seen.
- measles virus has been established as a live vaccine, its safety and effectiveness have been established, so it can be used as a virus vaccine vector in terms of inducing an effective immune response and providing lifelong immunity.
- measles virus has been established as a live vaccine, its safety and effectiveness have been established, so it can be used as a virus vaccine vector in terms of inducing an effective immune response and providing lifelong immunity.
- the present inventors have expressed that the recombinant measles virus thus obtained stably expresses the inserted foreign gene, Nipah virus infection protective antigen gene, in the infected cells, It was found that it can be used as a viral vector. That is, a recombinant measles virus useful as a vaccine against measles and Nipah virus infection could be obtained.
- the gist of the present invention resides in a recombinant measles virus in which a gene encoding a protein involved in defense against the onset of Nipah virus infection is inserted into the measles virus genome.
- the present invention is a recombinant measles virus having a propagation ability capable of expressing a protein that protects against the onset of Nipah virus infection after inoculation in living cells.
- the present invention also relates to the above-mentioned recombinant measles virus, characterized in that one or more measles virus genomic genes, particularly measles virus functional protein genes are modified.
- the recombinant measles virus may contain a foreign gene other than a gene encoding a protein involved in the prevention of Nipah virus infection, for example, an antigen recognition site gene of a monoclonal antibody against a cancer-specific marker molecule.
- the present invention also relates to a cocoon RNA contained in the above-mentioned recombinant measles virus and a DNA cocoon containing a template cDNA capable of transcribing this recombinant measles virus genomic RNA.
- This DNA strand is preferably in the form of a plasmid.
- the present invention also relates to a bivalent vaccine against measles and Nipah virus infection, including the recombinant measles virus. Further, the present invention relates to an antiserum obtained from a body fluid collected from an animal infected with the recombinant measles virus. Also provided is a method for producing a vaccine against Nipah virus infection, characterized by using measles virus as a vaccine vector in the production of a vaccine against Nipah virus infection.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a vaccine against a Nipah virus infection that has not been put into practical use, and the protection against measles and Nipah virus infection is a single recombinant measles virus. It becomes possible by vaccination.
- the antiserum against Nipah virus infection enables diagnosis and treatment of Nipah virus.
- measles virus is used as a vaccine vector in the production of a vaccine against Nipah virus infection. That is, a recombinant measles virus in which a gene encoding a protein involved in the defense against the development of Nipah virus infection is inserted into the measles virus genome is used as a vaccine.
- the reverse genetic system used for reconstitution of canine distemper virus described in JP-A-2001-275684 can be used. Since genetic manipulations such as modification of the viral genome and introduction of foreign genes are performed at the level of DNA, genetic manipulation of measles virus belonging to ( ⁇ ) stranded RNA virus requires obtaining cDNA of the viral genome. That is, it is necessary to reconstitute recombinant measles virus particles having a transmission power via cDNA. More specifically, a cDNA of measles virus genomic RNA is obtained, and a desired foreign gene is incorporated into this to obtain a recombinant cDNA. Measles virus particles can be reconstituted by introducing this cDNA into a cell expressing a gene related to transcriptional replication together with a unit capable of transcribing RNA in the cell using this cDNA as a template.
- any measles virus capable of inducing a high neutralizing antibody against field epidemic measles virus may be used, and examples thereof include HL strain and ICB strain.
- vaccine strains such as Edmonston strains and AIC strains can be used as long as they have been genetically engineered to induce production of the relevant neutralizing antibody.
- the Nipah virus gene to be inserted into the urticaria virus genome as a foreign gene may be any gene that encodes a protein that provides protection against the onset of Nipah virus infection, and examples thereof include a F gene and a G ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ gene encoding a viral membrane protein.
- the base sequences of all the genes of Nipah virus have been determined.
- the base sequences of F gene and G gene are described and known in AF212302 of database GenBank, so using primers designed based on this known sequence, CDNA of F gene and G gene can be obtained by using RNA extracted from Nipah virus-infected cells.
- the measles virus genome has a leader sequence and a trailer sequence involved in viral replication at both ends, and has N, P, M, F, H, and L genes encoding viral constituent proteins therebetween.
- N protein binds to viral RNA in order from the 3 'end and is packaged.
- Three types of proteins, P protein, V protein, and C protein, are produced from the P gene, and it has been clarified that the P protein is involved in transcriptional replication of viruses as a small subunit of RNA polymerase.
- the L protein functions as a large subunit of RNA polymerase.
- the M protein supports the virus particle structure from the inside, and the F protein and the H protein are involved in invasion into the host cell.
- genomic RNA is prepared from the measles virus as described above, and its cDNA is produced.
- cDNA is connected downstream of a specific promoter, and genomic RNA or cRNA is transcribed depending on the direction of cDNA connection.
- the cDNA of the above-mentioned Nipah virus gene is inserted into this cDNA by genetic engineering to produce a recombinant cDNA.
- the site for inserting the gene encoding the infection protective antigen of Nipah virus in the measles virus genome is not particularly limited, but N, P, M, F, H, and L It can be inserted between each gene of the gene and upstream of the N gene.
- a restriction enzyme recognition sequence is appropriately placed between each of the N, P, M, F, H, and L genes encoding the proteins constituting the virus, The foreign gene can be easily inserted, and a site showing the optimal expression of the foreign protein can be selected.
- a restriction enzyme recognition sequence is arranged between each gene, for example, there is a plasmid pMV (7 +) used in Example 1 (see Fig. 1).
- any other foreign gene may be inserted at any site of the RNA contained in the recombinant, Any genomic gene may be deleted or modified.
- Other foreign genes to be inserted include genes encoding various proteins that induce pathogenicity in viruses, bacteria and parasites that can be expressed in the host, genes encoding various cytokines, and genes encoding various peptide hormones. And a gene encoding an antigen recognition site in the antibody molecule.
- influenza virus there are influenza virus, mumps virus, HIV IV, dengue virus, diphtheria, leishmania, etc., and antigen recognition site gene of monoclonal antibody against cancer specific marker molecule.
- the expression level of the inserted foreign gene can be controlled by the position of gene insertion or the RNA base sequence before and after the gene.
- genes involved in RNA ⁇ replication of some measles viruses may be modified. Specifically, the intervening sequence and the leader part are modified.
- a recombinant virus can be produced by introduction into The unit capable of transcribing RNA is, for example, a DNA that expresses a DNA-dependent RNA RNA that acts on a specific promoter, and the cDNA subjected to the above-described genetic manipulation is connected downstream of the specific promoter.
- Specific examples of this unit include, for example, a recombinant vaccinia virus that expresses T7 RNA polymerase, and a cultured cell in which a T7 RNA polymerase gene is artificially incorporated.
- the host into which the cDNA is introduced together with this unit is a host that expresses all of the measles virus or closely related virus transcriptase group, that is, N protein, P protein and L protein, or a protein having the same activity as these. Any host can be used.
- cells having genes encoding these proteins on the chromosome may be used, or plasmids having genes encoding N protein, P protein, and L protein may be appropriately introduced into the cells.
- 293 cells or B95a cells into which appropriate plasmids having N gene, P gene and L gene are introduced can be used.
- the recombinant measles virus of the present invention obtained as described above contains a gene encoding a protein that provides protection against the onset of Nipah virus infection, and this gene is recombinant as demonstrated in the following examples. Since the protein that protects against the onset of Nipah virus infection is expressed in the infected cells after virus inoculation, it exerts the growth protection effect of Nipah virus. Moreover, since this recombinant virus maintains its function as a measles virus, it is also effective as a vaccine against measles.
- the vaccine of the present invention can be produced by mixing the recombinant measles virus of the present invention with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and appropriate additives as required by a method usually used in this field.
- Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers are diluents, excipients, binders that do not cause adverse physiological reactions to the subject of administration and do not adversely interact with other components of the vaccine composition, Examples of the solvent include water, physiological saline, and various buffer solutions.
- Additives that can be used include adjuvants, stabilizers, tonicity agents, buffers, solubilizers, suspending agents, preservatives, antifreezing agents, cryoprotectants, freeze-drying agents, bacteriostatic agents, etc. Illustrated.
- the vaccine dosage form may be liquid, frozen or lyophilized.
- a liquid vaccine can be produced by appropriately collecting a culture solution obtained by culturing in a culture medium, cultured cells, etc., adding an additive such as a stabilizer and dispensing the solution into small jars or ampoules. . After dispensing, the product is frozen by gradually lowering the temperature, which is a frozen vaccine, and a freezing damage prevention agent or a freezing protection agent is added in advance. The dispensed container is frozen in a freeze-dryer and then vacuum-dried, and the freeze-dried vaccine can be obtained by directly filling with nitrogen gas and sealing tightly. Liquid vaccines are used as they are or diluted with physiological saline or the like. For frozen and dried vaccines, a solution for dissolving the vaccine at the time of use is used. The solution for dissolution is various buffers or physiological saline.
- bacterial cells such as BCGoni, Propionibacterium acnes, cell walls, cell components such as trehalose dimycolate (TDM), gram-negative bacteria Synthetic compounds such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), lipid A fraction, ⁇ - glucan, N-acetylmuramyl dipeptide (MDP) pestatin, levamisole, and other biological components such as thymic hormone, thymic factor, and tuftsin Examples thereof include proteins, peptide substances, Freund's incomplete adjuvant, Freund's complete adjuvant, and the like.
- the vaccine can be administered by subcutaneous administration, intramuscular administration, intravenous administration, or the like.
- the dose varies depending on the age, weight, sex, administration method, etc. of the subject and is not particularly limited. However, it is usually preferably in the range of 104 to 107 TCID50, particularly preferably at least 105 TCID50. Administration is preferably performed in the same manner as the measles vaccine.
- MV-NiVG recombinant measles virus
- Nipah virus G protein gene The infectious cDNA clone required for the production of recombinant MV is based on the whole genome gene sequence of field strain HL of measles virus.
- PMV (7+) prepared by artificially arranging restriction enzyme recognition sequences at both ends of six kinds of genes encoding the proteins constituting the virus was used (FIG. 1).
- the cDNA of the G protein gene which is one of the membrane proteins of Nipah virus, was obtained by RT-PCR using total RNA extracted from Nipah virus-infected vero cells.
- NiV-G cDNA was amplified again with a primer to which an FseI restriction enzyme recognition sequence was added, cloned into a plasmid vector, and the nucleotide sequence was examined.
- NiV-G cDNA obtained by cutting this plasmid with FseI is inserted into the FseI site between the N and P genes of pMV (7+) to produce a recombinant measles virus having the G gene of Nipah virus.
- the sex cDNA clone pMV-NiVG was obtained.
- the reconstitution experiment of the recombinant measles virus was performed as follows.
- a normal trypsin-treated 293 cell was added to a 6-well plate at 1,000,000 cells per well and 2 ml of DMEM medium containing 5% bovine extermination serum, and cultured for 24 hours under conditions of 5% CO 2 and 37 ° C.
- the plate was shaken so that the virus solution spread throughout the well every 10 minutes and infected for 1 hour. After 1 hour, the virus solution was removed, 2 ml of medium was added to each well, and then 100 ⁇ l of cDNA solution was added dropwise.
- the cDNA solution was prepared as follows.
- plasmids pGEM-NP, pGEM-P, and pGEM-L which are required for measles virus replication, in 1 ⁇ g, 1 ⁇ g, and 0.1 ⁇ g in 1.5ml1.5 sampling tubes, respectively, and pMV (7 +)-NiVG into 1 ⁇ g.
- Sterile distilled water was added to prepare 10 ⁇ l of nucleic acid solution.
- 0.08 ml of DMEM medium was prepared, and 10 ⁇ l of Fugene-6 (Roche Diagnostics) was added dropwise thereto, and then allowed to stand at room temperature for 5 minutes in this state. This was mixed with a nucleic acid solution and allowed to stand at room temperature for 15 minutes or longer to obtain a cDNA solution.
- the plate containing the wells was cultured under conditions of 5% CO 2 and 37 ° C. for 3 days. On the third day, the medium was removed, and B95a cells suspended in RPMI-1640 medium containing 5% fetal calf serum were added to 1,000,000 cells per well and overlaid on 293 cells. The plate was further cultured under conditions of 5% CO 2 and 37 ° C. until a cytotoxic effect (CPE) was observed. The production of recombinant measles virus (MV-NiVG) was confirmed by RT-PCR and sequencing.
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Abstract
Description
しかしながら、麻疹ウイルスをニパウイルス感染症のワクチンのベクターとして用いるとの発想はこれまで全く見られない。
また、本発明は、生体接種後にニパウイルス感染症の発症防御をもたらす蛋白質を感染細胞内で発現しうる伝播力を有する組換え体麻疹ウイルスである。
上記組換え体麻疹ウイルスにおいては、ニパウイルス感染症の発症防御に関与する蛋白質をコードする遺伝子以外の外来遺伝子、例えば、癌特異的マーカー分子に対するモノクローナル抗体の抗原認識部位遺伝子などを含んでもよい。
本発明では、ニパウイルス感染症に対するワクチンの製造において、麻疹ウイルスをワクチンベクターとして用いることを特徴とする。即ち、麻疹ウイルスゲノム中にニパウイルス感染症の発症防御に関与する蛋白質をコードする遺伝子を挿入した組換え体麻疹ウイルスを製造して、これをワクチンとして用いる。
本発明の組換え体麻疹ウイルスを作製するには、まず、上述のような麻疹ウイルスからゲノムRNA を調製し、そのcDNAを作製する。cDNAは特定のプロモーター下流に接続され、cDNAの接続する向きによって、ゲノムRNA またはcRNAが転写される。このcDNAに遺伝子工学的操作により、上述のニパウイルスの遺伝子のcDNAを挿入して組換えcDNAを作製する。
以下の実施例により本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。
組換えMVの作出に必要な感染性cDNAクローンは、麻疹ウイルスの野外株HL株の全ゲノム遺伝子配列をベースにし、ウイルスを構成する蛋白質をコードする6種類の遺伝子の両端に、人工的に制限酵素認識配列を配して作製されたpMV(7+)を用いた(図1)。
ニパウイルスの膜蛋白の1つであるG 蛋白遺伝子のcDNAは、ニパウイルス感染vero細胞から抽出した全RNA を用いて、RT-PCRによって得た。NiV-G cDNAはFseI制限酵素認識配列を付加したプライマーで再度増幅し、プラスミドベクターにクローニングして塩基配列を検査した。このプラスミドをFseIで切断して得られたNiV-G cDNAは、pMV(7+) のN遺伝子とP遺伝子間のFseI部位に挿入し、ニパウイルスのG 遺伝子を持つ組換え麻疹ウイルスを作出させる感染性cDNAクローンpMV-NiVGを得た。
6ウェルプレートに通常のトリプシン処理を施した293 細胞を1ウェル当たり1,000,000 個と5 %ウシ退治血清を含むDMEM培地2ml を添加し、5 %CO2 、37℃の条件下で24時間培養した。培養液を取り除き、多重感染度(moi, multiplicity of infection)が2 になるように調整したT7 RNAポリメラーゼを発現する組換えワクシニアウイルスMVA-T7を0.2ml のPBS に懸濁したものをウェルに添加した。10分間おきににウイルス液がウェル全体に行き渡るようにプレートを揺らし、1 時間感染させた。1時間後にウイルス液を除去し、各ウェルに2ml の培地を添加した後、100 μlのcDNA溶液を滴下した。cDNA溶液の調製は以下の通り行なった。
RT-PCRとシークエンスにより組換え麻疹ウイルス(MV-NiVG) の作成を確認した。
B95a細胞にMV-NiVG を感染させ、48時間後に細胞を4%パラホルムアルデヒドで固定し、0.2 %TritonX-100 で浸透化した。1000倍希釈した抗NiVG抗体(ウサギ血清)を加えて室温1 時間反応させた。NiVG抗体を除去し、PBS で3回洗浄後、FITC標識抗ウサギIgG 抗体を2000倍希釈して添加し、室温で30分反応させた。抗ウサギIgG 抗体を除去し、PBS で5回洗浄したのち、共焦点レーザー顕微鏡を用いて感染細胞を観察した。その結果、MV-NiVG 感染細胞でのみFITCの蛍光が認められ、NiVG抗原の発現が確認された(図2)。
Claims (10)
- 麻疹ウイルスゲノム中に、ニパウイルス感染症の発症防御に関与する蛋白質をコードする遺伝子を挿入した組換え体麻疹ウイルス。
- 生体接種後にニパウイルス感染症の発症防御をもたらす蛋白質を感染細胞内で発現しうる、伝播力を有する組換え体麻疹ウイルス。
- 1以上の麻疹ウイルスゲノム遺伝子が改変されていることを特徴とする、請求項1または2記載の組換え体麻疹ウイルス。
- さらに、ニパウイルス感染症の発症防御に関するタンパク質をコードする遺伝子以外の外来遺伝子を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1~3のいずれかの項記載の組換え体麻疹ウイルス。
- 請求項1~4のいずれかの項記載の組換え体麻疹ウイルスに含まれる RNA。
- 請求項5記載の組換え体麻疹ウイルスゲノム RNAを転写しうる鋳型cDNAを含むDNA 。
- プラスミドの形態である請求項6記載のDNA 。
- 請求項1~4のいずれかの項記載の組み換え体麻疹ウイルスおよび薬学的に許容される担体を含む、麻疹およびニパウイルス感染症に対する2価ワクチン。
- 請求項1~4のいずれかの項記載の組換え体麻疹ウイルスを感染させた動物から採取される体液から得られる抗血清。
- ニパウイルス感染症に対するワクチンの製造において、麻疹ウイルスをワクチンベクターとして用いることを特徴とする、ニパウイルス感染症に対するワクチンの製造方法。
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US13/511,104 US20120263751A1 (en) | 2009-11-20 | 2009-11-20 | Recombinant Measles Virus Useful as a Bivalent Vaccine Against Measles and Nipah Infections |
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CN113293149B (zh) * | 2021-03-10 | 2022-08-02 | 上海青赛生物科技有限公司 | 一种f基因替换的嵌合麻疹减毒株的构建 |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007505618A (ja) * | 2003-09-22 | 2007-03-15 | インスティティ・パスツール | ニパウイルスの検出方法及びヘニパウイルスに対する免疫保護を提供する方法 |
EP2198881A1 (en) * | 2005-04-25 | 2010-06-23 | Merial Limited | Nipah virus vaccines |
-
2009
- 2009-11-20 US US13/511,104 patent/US20120263751A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-11-20 CN CN2009801633140A patent/CN102712908A/zh active Pending
- 2009-11-20 EP EP09851471.4A patent/EP2511368A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-11-20 WO PCT/JP2009/069692 patent/WO2011061849A1/ja active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
GUILLAUME, V. ET AL.: "Nipah virus: vaccination and passive protection studies in a hamster model.", J VIROL., vol. 78, no. 2, 2004, pages 834 - 840, XP002313768 * |
See also references of EP2511368A4 * |
TANGY, F. ET AL.: "Live attenuated measles vaccine as a potential multivalent pediatric vaccination vector.", VIRAL IMMUNOL., vol. 18, no. 2, 2005, pages 317 - 326, XP008088160 * |
WEINGARTL, H M. ET AL.: "Recombinant nipah virus vaccines protect pigs against challenge.", J VIROL., vol. 80, no. 16, August 2006 (2006-08-01), pages 7929 - 7938, XP002411426 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2011056060A2 (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2011-05-12 | Universiti Putra Malaysia | Recombinant matrix protein of nipah virus |
WO2011056060A3 (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2011-12-15 | Universiti Putra Malaysia | Recombinant matrix protein of nipah virus |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2511368A1 (en) | 2012-10-17 |
CN102712908A (zh) | 2012-10-03 |
EP2511368A4 (en) | 2013-08-07 |
US20120263751A1 (en) | 2012-10-18 |
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