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WO2010129990A1 - Prothèse de la hanche - Google Patents

Prothèse de la hanche Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2010129990A1
WO2010129990A1 PCT/AU2010/000543 AU2010000543W WO2010129990A1 WO 2010129990 A1 WO2010129990 A1 WO 2010129990A1 AU 2010000543 W AU2010000543 W AU 2010000543W WO 2010129990 A1 WO2010129990 A1 WO 2010129990A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
femoral head
prosthesis
frusto
interior cavity
opening
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU2010/000543
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Lindsay Laird
Original Assignee
Atlax Pty Ltd Atf Atlax Trust
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2009902085A external-priority patent/AU2009902085A0/en
Application filed by Atlax Pty Ltd Atf Atlax Trust filed Critical Atlax Pty Ltd Atf Atlax Trust
Publication of WO2010129990A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010129990A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/32Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3601Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses for replacing only the epiphyseal or metaphyseal parts of the femur, e.g. endoprosthetic femoral heads or necks directly fixed to the natural femur by internal fixation devices
    • A61F2/3603Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses for replacing only the epiphyseal or metaphyseal parts of the femur, e.g. endoprosthetic femoral heads or necks directly fixed to the natural femur by internal fixation devices implanted without ablation of the whole natural femoral head
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30108Shapes
    • A61F2002/30199Three-dimensional shapes
    • A61F2002/30205Three-dimensional shapes conical
    • A61F2002/3021Three-dimensional shapes conical frustoconical
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30535Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30593Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for hollow
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30535Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30604Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for modular
    • A61F2002/30616Sets comprising a plurality of prosthetic parts of different sizes or orientations
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/30841Sharp anchoring protrusions for impaction into the bone, e.g. sharp pins, spikes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/30878Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves with non-sharp protrusions, for instance contacting the bone for anchoring, e.g. keels, pegs, pins, posts, shanks, stems, struts
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/30878Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves with non-sharp protrusions, for instance contacting the bone for anchoring, e.g. keels, pegs, pins, posts, shanks, stems, struts
    • A61F2002/30891Plurality of protrusions
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2230/00Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2230/0063Three-dimensional shapes
    • A61F2230/0067Three-dimensional shapes conical
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00389The prosthesis being coated or covered with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00592Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of ceramics or of ceramic-like compounds
    • A61F2310/00796Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of a phosphorus-containing compound, e.g. hydroxy(l)apatite

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to prosthetic implants and in particular to prosthetic hip implants.
  • a first hip replacement may involve fitting a prosthetic cup socket to the acetabulum and resurfacing the femoral head before fitting a femoral head prosthesis.
  • a range of prostheses of different sizes are provided such that the surgeon can select the best fit.
  • Hip replacements can eventually 'wear out' or fail requiring a revision hip replacement operation. This may be due to softening of the bone over time. Bone softening can occur for several reasons. For example, a section of bone may be poorly exposed to stress such that adequate bone density is not maintained leading to aseptic loosening of the prosthesis. This can occur when regions of bone are shielded from stress by other sections of bone or by the prosthetic component itself in a process known as 'stress shielding'.
  • one or more machining operations are generally carried out to prepare the femoral head for fitting of the prosthesis. There is a danger of notching of the femoral neck leading to altered stresses and/or subsequent femoral neck fracture.
  • femoral head components include a central stem which fits into the femoral head, and partly enter the femoral neck. These stems alter the stresses on the neck which may also lead to later fractures.
  • the present invention provides a femoral head prosthesis comprising an interior cavity with an opening for receiving a femoral head, the prosthesis including a generally frusto-conical wall defining at least part of said interior cavity, the wider end of the frusto-conical section being of at least twice the diameter of the narrower end of the frusto-conical section.
  • the narrower end of the frusto-conical section may terminate in a generally planar top wall.
  • the wider end of the frusto-conical section may terminate in an outwardly flared side wall.
  • edges of the frusto conical portion may be inclined at an angle of about 45 degrees
  • the prosthesis may include a plurality of projections extending into the interior cavity for engagement with the femoral head when the prosthesis is fitted.
  • the present invention provides a femoral head prosthesis comprising an interior cavity with an opening for receiving a femoral head, the prosthesis including a circumferential sidewall defining at least part of said interior cavity, said sidewall being flared outwardly and terminating at said opening.
  • the present invention provides a femoral head prosthesis comprising an interior cavity with an opening for receiving a femoral head, the prosthesis including a central stem which extends into said cavity, the width of said stem being less than 20% of the width of the prosthesis.
  • Figure 1 shows a cross section of a femur including a resurfaced femoral head bearing a femoral head prosthesis according to the invention
  • Figure 2 illustrates the femur of Figure 1 with dashed lines indicating the approximate direction of stress forces transmitted through the head of the femur and their relation to the angled interior walls of the prosthesis.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a longitudinal cross section of part of a femur 10 showing the femoral head 12 resurfaced and fitted with a femoral head prosthesis 14 according to the invention.
  • the femoral head includes two chamfer portions 16,17 which have been resurfaced to conform to the circumferential side walls of the interior cavity 18 of the femoral head prosthesis.
  • the interior cavity 18 is defined by a frusto-conical portion 22 and a side wall portion 24 which flares outwardly to terminate at the opening of the cavity 18.
  • the narrower upper end of the frusto-conical portion 22 terminates at a generally planar top wall 30.
  • the wider end of the frusto-conical portion has a diameter of 50 mm and the narrower end of the frusto-conical section has a diameter of 15mm, being the diameter of top wall 30.
  • the side-wall portion flares out and are inclined by approximately 3 degrees. In other embodiments the side-wall portion may be inclined from between 1 to 5 degrees, and between 2 and 4 degrees.
  • the frusto- conical portion meets the top wall 30 at an angle of about 45 degrees.
  • Both the top wall and the frusto-conical portion include a plurality of projections 30 extending into the interior cavity 18 and these projections intrude into the bone when the prosthesis is fitted.
  • the projections help to anchor the prosthesis onto the head of the femur to improve initial stability. In some embodiments, these projections are omitted.
  • the top wall further includes a stem 32 which extends axially from the top wall into a surgically prepared guide hole within the femoral head.
  • the width of the axial stem is dimensioned to fit within a guide hole drilled in the femoral head during the resurfacing operation as will later be described.
  • the stem is approximately 3% of the width of the prosthesis. The stem assists the surgeon in positioning the prosthesis and may also help to anchor the prosthesis to the head of the femur. However, it will be appreciated that the stem is optional such that the prosthesis may be provided without a stem.
  • the prosthesis is formed from titanium but may be formed from any suitable material used for surgical prosthetics as are known in the art.
  • the prosthesis may also include a porous-ingrowth surface including hydroxy apatite to encourage osseointegration.
  • Figure 2 shows the femoral head 12 and prosthesis 14 of Figure 1 but also indicates the transmission of stress forces through the femoral head as represented by dashed lines.
  • Stress forces A are in line with the trabeculae in the femoral head and indicate the force in line with the psoas tendon. These stresses continue on to form the medial cortex of the femur.
  • Stress forces B are in line with the superior pelvic ramus and continue as the trabecular stress lines through the femoral head to form the lateral medial cortex.
  • These lines illustrate the relationship between the transmission of stress forces at the edge of the femoral head and the angled interior walls. It can be seen that the stress lines intersect the frusto-conical portion 22 at approximately 90 degrees.
  • a given femoral head prosthesis must be selected with regard to the size of a patient's femoral head. Accordingly, a hip replacement system will include a range of different sized prosthetic components. Accordingly, the prosthesis of the invention will typically be provided in a range of sizes to integrate with a range of different femoral heads, each different size of femoral head prosthesis having a bone receiving face which is of predetermined dimensions.
  • the surgeon Prior to fitting of prosthetic components, the surgeon examines the patient's femoral head 12 and selects an appropriately sized femoral head prosthesis 14. The femoral head is then resurfaced to conform to the shape of the bone receiving face of the selected femoral head prosthesis for an appropriate fit. This involves the creation of two chamfered portions 16, 17 on the outside of the femoral head.
  • the surgeon resurfaces the bone by cutting and/or grinding the femoral head using instruments that provide a template for resection of the bone end to a particular predetermined size corresponding to the bone receiving face of the selected femoral head prosthesis.
  • the surgeon begins by drilling a central guide hole into the top of the femoral head. This guide hole is used to align subsequent cutting operations. A rotary chamfer cutter is then used to cut chamfer portion 17 at an angle to correspond with the flared side wall 24 of prosthesis 14. By using a chamfer tool, the probability of inadvertently "notching" the femoral head, as can occur by making a cylindrical cut, is reduced.
  • a second chamfer cut is made using a tool to cut chamfer portion 16 at an angle corresponding to the angle of frusto-conical portion 22.
  • the surgeon applies the femoral head prosthesis as a trial attachment before impacting the prosthesis onto the bone.
  • the plurality of projections 30 extending from the top wall 20 and the first circumferential side wall 22 intrude into the bone to aid in seating the prosthesis.
  • stem 32 becomes seated in the guide hole that was previously drilled. Bone cement may be used with the prosthesis to improve stability.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une prothèse de tête de fémur comprenant une cavité interne dotée d'une ouverture destinée à accueillir une tête de fémur. Ladite prothèse comporte une partie généralement frusto-conique qui définit au moins une partie de ladite cavité interne. L'extrémité la plus large de la section frusto-conique est égale à au moins deux fois le diamètre de l'extrémité la plus étroite de la section frusto-conique.
PCT/AU2010/000543 2009-05-12 2010-05-11 Prothèse de la hanche WO2010129990A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2009902085 2009-05-12
AU2009902085A AU2009902085A0 (en) 2009-05-12 Hip prosthesis

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010129990A1 true WO2010129990A1 (fr) 2010-11-18

Family

ID=43084538

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU2010/000543 WO2010129990A1 (fr) 2009-05-12 2010-05-11 Prothèse de la hanche

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2010129990A1 (fr)

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE923383C (de) * 1951-08-08 1955-02-10 Frans Donatus Dr Me Timmermans Zweistoff-Endoprothese
US4123806A (en) * 1977-01-31 1978-11-07 Regents Of The University Of California Total hip joint replacement
US5133769A (en) * 1990-11-09 1992-07-28 Sulzer Brothers Cap for a femur head
US5258033A (en) * 1990-08-08 1993-11-02 Howmedica International Inc. Total hip replacement femoral component
US6156069A (en) * 1999-02-04 2000-12-05 Amstutz; Harlan C. Precision hip joint replacement method
FR2817732A1 (fr) * 2000-12-12 2002-06-14 Fedan N B N V Cavite cotyloide pour protheses de hanche, en particulier pour mise en place sans ciment
WO2007113607A1 (fr) * 2006-04-05 2007-10-11 Mariasal Investment N.V. Ensemble consistant en une tête et un col mobile permettant de préparer l'implantation d'une hanche artificielle
US20080004710A1 (en) * 2006-06-30 2008-01-03 Howmedica Osteonics Corp. Femoral head resurfacing

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE923383C (de) * 1951-08-08 1955-02-10 Frans Donatus Dr Me Timmermans Zweistoff-Endoprothese
US4123806A (en) * 1977-01-31 1978-11-07 Regents Of The University Of California Total hip joint replacement
US5258033A (en) * 1990-08-08 1993-11-02 Howmedica International Inc. Total hip replacement femoral component
US5133769A (en) * 1990-11-09 1992-07-28 Sulzer Brothers Cap for a femur head
US6156069A (en) * 1999-02-04 2000-12-05 Amstutz; Harlan C. Precision hip joint replacement method
FR2817732A1 (fr) * 2000-12-12 2002-06-14 Fedan N B N V Cavite cotyloide pour protheses de hanche, en particulier pour mise en place sans ciment
WO2007113607A1 (fr) * 2006-04-05 2007-10-11 Mariasal Investment N.V. Ensemble consistant en une tête et un col mobile permettant de préparer l'implantation d'une hanche artificielle
US20080004710A1 (en) * 2006-06-30 2008-01-03 Howmedica Osteonics Corp. Femoral head resurfacing

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