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WO2010084267A1 - Water sanitising plant comprising a laid filtration zone - Google Patents

Water sanitising plant comprising a laid filtration zone Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010084267A1
WO2010084267A1 PCT/FR2010/000048 FR2010000048W WO2010084267A1 WO 2010084267 A1 WO2010084267 A1 WO 2010084267A1 FR 2010000048 W FR2010000048 W FR 2010000048W WO 2010084267 A1 WO2010084267 A1 WO 2010084267A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
sanitation
intensive
unit
sanitation unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2010/000048
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Gwénaëlle CARFANTAN
Véronique TEXIER
Original Assignee
Setur Ingénierie Audit Conseil
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Setur Ingénierie Audit Conseil filed Critical Setur Ingénierie Audit Conseil
Publication of WO2010084267A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010084267A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/04—Aerobic processes using trickle filters
    • C02F3/046—Soil filtration
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2203/002—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage comprising an initial buffer container
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/06—Aerobic processes using submerged filters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a water purification installation.
  • the wastewater is collected in a pipeline network that conducts the water to a wastewater treatment plant.
  • This type of plant represents a significant investment for the services in charge of sanitation.
  • Such a plant can therefore be built only in the case of a strong location of housing for example.
  • An object of the present invention is to propose a water purification plant which does not have the drawbacks of the prior art and which in particular is inexpensive in investment and operating costs and has a reduced footprint on the ground. compared to a wastewater treatment plant.
  • the intensive sanitation unit is supplied with water to sanitize and discharging the pre-cleaned water to the extensive sanitation unit.
  • the intensive sanitation unit is a fixed biological treatment system.
  • the extensive sanitation unit is a planted horizontal filtration zone.
  • the planting area consists of a trench that slopes downwards from where the water from the intensive sanitation unit is discharged.
  • the water purification plant comprises a transfer line connecting the intensive sanitation unit to the extensive sanitation unit and consists of a single pipe.
  • the water purification plant comprises a transfer line connecting the intensive sanitation unit to the extensive sanitation unit and consisting of a first pipe, a buffer tank, a second pipe and a pump arranged in the buffer tank, the first pipe receiving the water from the intensive sanitation unit and discharging it into the buffer tank, the pump discharging the water, thus discharged in the second pipe leading to the entrance of the extensive sanitation unit.
  • the water purification plant comprises an evacuation pipe disposed at the end of the extensive sanitation unit opposite the end where the water from the intensive sanitation unit is discharged.
  • the evacuation pipe opens out to the natural environment via an elbow whose free height extends vertically upwards.
  • the water purification plant comprises a ramp through which water from the intensive sanitation unit is discharged into the extensive sanitation unit via a ramp.
  • Fig. unique shows a water purification plant 100 which comprises in series an intensive sanitation unit 102 and an extensive sanitation unit 104.
  • the intensive sanitation unit 102 makes it possible to quickly achieve a significant depollution of wastewater but does not allow for a total depollution.
  • the intensive sanitation unit 102 is connected, on the one hand, upstream to an inlet pipe 106 through which the wastewater to be sanitized arrives and, on the other hand, downstream to a transfer pipe 108, 110 , 112.
  • the extensive sanitation unit 104 makes it possible to carry out the complementary depollution of the wastewater slowly.
  • the slowness of this depollution makes it possible to obtain a perfect depulution of the water before its rejection in the natural environment.
  • the transfer line can take different forms. If the height difference is greater than 1 m between the output of the intensive sanitation unit 102 and the entrance of the extensive sanitation unit 104, the transfer line may take the form of a single pipe.
  • the transfer line may be constituted in series of a first pipe 108, a buffer tank 112, a second pipe 110 and a pump 114.
  • the first pipe 108 receives the water from the intensive sanitation unit 102 and transfers it to the buffer tank 112, where the pump 114 is arranged.
  • the water is then pumped by the pump 114 into the second pipe 110 which opens at the entrance to the extensive sanitation unit 104.
  • the buffer tank 112 regulates the flow of water to the extensive sanitation unit 104 and to ensure the most continuous flow possible.
  • the pump 114 can be controlled according to the level of the water in the buffer tank 112. Thus, when the water reaches a high level in the buffer tank 112, the pump 114 starts to discharge the water to the second pipe 110, and when the water reaches a low level in the buffer tank 112, the pump stops.
  • the intensive sanitation unit 102 is a biological treatment system fixed cultures such as for example of the bacterial bed type.
  • the biological treatment system comprises a plastic casing in which is disposed a support for bacteria and a sludge separator.
  • the wastewater from the inlet pipe 106 passes successively through each biological reactor in order to be rid of the maximum of pollutants of organic origin.
  • the wastewater is not yet able to be discharged into a natural medium of low acceptability, without this having an impact.
  • the extensive sanitation unit 104 provides the rest of the sanitation.
  • Sludge from the intensive sanitation unit 102 is discharged upstream to a suitable reservoir.
  • the extensive sanitation unit 104 is of the planted filter type.
  • the extensive sanitation unit 104 is a horizontal filtration zone planted with macrophytes 118, such as reeds, on gravel bed 120.
  • the planting zone 104 consists of a trench 122 which has a downward slope from where the water from the intensive sanitation unit 102 is discharged, that is to say where the second
  • the length of the trench 122 is 22 m
  • its width 90 cm its slope is 3.18%.
  • the depth at the point where the second pipe 110 opens is 60 cm.
  • an evacuation pipe 116 is provided at the end of the extensive sanitation unit 104, that is to say the trench 122, opposite the end where opens the second pipe 110, that is to say here at the deepest part of the trench 122.
  • the drainage pipe 116 is disposed just below the surface of the gravel bed 120 and opens into the a discharge duct 126 and to the natural environment via a bend 128 whose free height extends vertically upwards and thus determines the discharge height.
  • the free height is advantageously adjustable to adjust the discharge height.
  • the serialization of the two sanitation units 102 and 104 provides a sanitation installation 100 which is inexpensive and has a reduced footprint compared to a conventional purification plant.
  • the intensive sanitation unit 102 is very sensitive to bactericidal agents and other household cleaning products of the bleach type while the extensive sanitation unit 104 is very resistant to such pollutants. Thus, it is possible, even in case of pollution, to ensure good water purification, since a decrease in efficiency of the intensive sanitation unit 102 is offset by a continuous operation of the extensive sanitation unit 104 and this as long as the intensive sanitation unit 102 has not regained its integrity by dilution and disappearance of pollutants.
  • Such a water purification plant 100 can filter the water including nitrogen and bacteria they contain before rejecting them in the middle, natural.
  • the second pipe 1 10 or said single pipe opens into the bed of gravel 120 via a ramp which extends along this width.
  • the water from the intensive sanitation unit 102 is discharged into the extensive sanitation unit 104 via the ramp.
  • the bed of gravel 120 is constituted, in the zone where the second channel 110 opens, of a distribution block, which consists for example of rollers of 60-100 mm caliber over a length of 1 m and the width of the trench 122 to distribute water evenly over the width of the trench 122.
  • the rest of the gravel bed is preferably made of gravel diameter between 1 and 3 mm, such as quartzite type sand.
  • a phosphorus treatment device may be arranged upstream of the intensive sanitation unit 102.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a water sanitising plant (100) that includes an intensive sanitising unit (102) and an extensive sanitising unit (104), consisting of a laid filtration zone. The intensive sanitising unit (102) is supplied with water to be sanitised and discharges the water thus pre-sanitised to the extensive sanitising unit (104). The sanitising installation (100) is characterised in that the laying zone (104) is a horizontal filtration zone consisting of a trench (122) having a slope descending from the area where the water from the intensive sanitising unit (102) is discharged, and in that it comprises an evacuation line (116) arranged at the end of the laying region (104) opposing the end just below the surface of the laid region (104), where the water from the sanitising unit (102) is discharged.

Description

INSTALLATION D ' ASSAINISSEMENT D ' EAU COMPRENANT UNE ZONE DE WATER SANITATION INSTALLATION COMPRISING AN AREA OF
FILTRATION PLANTEEFILTRATION PLANTEE
La présente invention concerne une installation d'assainissement d'eau.The present invention relates to a water purification installation.
Les eaux et, en particulier les eaux usées domestiques, doivent être assainies avant d'être rejetées dans le milieu naturel.Water and especially domestic wastewater must be sanitized before being discharged into the natural environment.
Les eaux usées sont recueillies dans un réseau de canalisation qui conduit les eaux vers une centrale d'épuration. Ce type de centrale présente un investissement important pour les services en charge de l'assainissement. Une telle centrale ne peut donc être construite que dans le cas d'une forte implantation de logements par exemple.The wastewater is collected in a pipeline network that conducts the water to a wastewater treatment plant. This type of plant represents a significant investment for the services in charge of sanitation. Such a plant can therefore be built only in the case of a strong location of housing for example.
Dans le cas d'une faible implantation de logements de l'ordre de 20 à 100 logements ou de ZAC (Zone d'aménagement concertée), une telle centrale d'épuration représente une charge très élevée pour la collectivité et présente une forte emprise au sol du fait de sa surface.In the case of a small housing establishment of the order of 20 to 100 dwellings or ZAC (Concerted Development Zone), such a wastewater treatment plant represents a very high load on the community and has a strong influence in ground because of its surface.
Un objet de la présente invention est de proposer une installation d'assainissement d'eau qui ne présente pas les inconvénients de l'art antérieur et qui en particulier est peu coûteuse en investissement et coûts d'exploitation et présente une emprise au sol réduite par rapport à une centrale d'épuration.An object of the present invention is to propose a water purification plant which does not have the drawbacks of the prior art and which in particular is inexpensive in investment and operating costs and has a reduced footprint on the ground. compared to a wastewater treatment plant.
A cet effet, est proposée une installation d'assainissement d'eau comprenant :For this purpose, a water purification installation is proposed comprising:
- une unité d'assainissement intensif, et- an intensive sanitation unit, and
- une unité d'assainissement extensif, l'unité d'assainissement intensif étant alimentée en eaux à assainir et rejetant les eaux ainsi pré-assainies vers l'unité d'assainissement extensif.- An extensive sanitation unit, the intensive sanitation unit is supplied with water to sanitize and discharging the pre-cleaned water to the extensive sanitation unit.
Avantageusement, l'unité d'assainissement intensif est un système de traitement biologique par cultures fixées.Advantageously, the intensive sanitation unit is a fixed biological treatment system.
Avantageusement, l'unité d'assainissement extensif est une zone de filtration horizontale plantée.Advantageously, the extensive sanitation unit is a planted horizontal filtration zone.
Avantageusement, la zone de plantation est constituée d'une tranchée qui présente une pente descendante à partir de l'endroit où les eaux issues de l'unité d'assainissement intensif sont rejetées.Advantageously, the planting area consists of a trench that slopes downwards from where the water from the intensive sanitation unit is discharged.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, l'installation d'assainissement d'eau comprend une canalisation de transfert reliant l'unité d'assainissement intensif à l'unité d'assainissement extensif et constituée d'une seule canalisation.According to a particular embodiment, the water purification plant comprises a transfer line connecting the intensive sanitation unit to the extensive sanitation unit and consists of a single pipe.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation particulier, l'installation d'assainissement d'eau comprend une canalisation de transfert reliant l'unité d^açsainissement' intensif à l'unité d'assainissement extensif et constituée d'une première canalisation, d'un réservoir tampon, d'une deuxième canalisation et d'une pompe disposée dans le réservoir tampon, la première canalisation recevant les eaux issues de l'unité d'assainissement intensif et les rejetant dans le réservoir tampon, la pompe refoulant les eaux, ainsi rejetées, dans la deuxième canalisation qui débouche à l'entrée de l'unité d'assainissement extensif.According to another particular embodiment, the water purification plant comprises a transfer line connecting the intensive sanitation unit to the extensive sanitation unit and consisting of a first pipe, a buffer tank, a second pipe and a pump arranged in the buffer tank, the first pipe receiving the water from the intensive sanitation unit and discharging it into the buffer tank, the pump discharging the water, thus discharged in the second pipe leading to the entrance of the extensive sanitation unit.
Avantageusement, l'installation d'assainissement d'eau comprend une canalisation d'évacuation disposée à l'extrémité de l'unité d'assainissement extensif opposée à l'extrémité où les eaux issues de l'unité d'assainissement intensif sont rejetées. Avantageusement, la canalisation d'évacuation débouche vers le milieu naturel par l'intermédiaire d'un coude dont la hauteur libre s'étend verticalement vers le haut.Advantageously, the water purification plant comprises an evacuation pipe disposed at the end of the extensive sanitation unit opposite the end where the water from the intensive sanitation unit is discharged. Advantageously, the evacuation pipe opens out to the natural environment via an elbow whose free height extends vertically upwards.
Avantageusement, l'installation d'assainissement d'eau comprend une rampe par laquelle les eaux issues de l'unité d'assainissement intensif sont rejetées dans l'unité d'assainissement extensif par l'intermédiaire d'une rampe. Les caractéristiques de l'invention mentionnées ci-dessus, ainsi que d'autres, apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description suivante d'un exemple de réalisation, ladite description étant faite en relation avec la Fig. unique qui représente une installation d'assainissement d'eau selon l'invention.Advantageously, the water purification plant comprises a ramp through which water from the intensive sanitation unit is discharged into the extensive sanitation unit via a ramp. The characteristics of the invention mentioned above, as well as others, will appear more clearly on reading the following description of an exemplary embodiment, said description being made with reference to FIG. unique which represents a water purification plant according to the invention.
La Fig. unique montre une installation d'assainissement d'eau 100 qui comprend en série une unité d'assainissement intensif 102 et une unité d'assainissement extensif 104.Fig. unique shows a water purification plant 100 which comprises in series an intensive sanitation unit 102 and an extensive sanitation unit 104.
L'unité d'assainissement intensif 102 permet de réaliser rapidement une dépollution importante des eaux usées mais ne permet pas de réaliser une dépollution totale. L'unité d'assainissement intensif 102 est connectée, d'une part, en amont à une canalisation d'entrée 106 par laquelle les eaux usées à assainir arrivent et, d'autre part, en aval à une canalisation de transfert 108, 110, 112.The intensive sanitation unit 102 makes it possible to quickly achieve a significant depollution of wastewater but does not allow for a total depollution. The intensive sanitation unit 102 is connected, on the one hand, upstream to an inlet pipe 106 through which the wastewater to be sanitized arrives and, on the other hand, downstream to a transfer pipe 108, 110 , 112.
L'unité d'assainissement extensif 104 permet de réaliser lentement la dépollution complémentaire des eaux usées, La lenteur de cette dépollution permet d'obtenir une parfaite dépαllution des eaux avant leur rejet dans le milieu naturel. En fonction, en particulier du dénivelé du terrain sur lequel est implantée l'installation d'assainissement d'eau 100, la canalisation de transfert peut prendre différentes formes. Si le dénivelé est supérieur à 1 m entre la sortie de l'imité d'assainissement intensif 102 et l'entrée de l'imité d'assainissement extensif 104, la canalisation de transfert peut prendre la forme d'une unique canalisation.The extensive sanitation unit 104 makes it possible to carry out the complementary depollution of the wastewater slowly. The slowness of this depollution makes it possible to obtain a perfect depulution of the water before its rejection in the natural environment. In function, in particular the height of the land on which the water purification plant 100 is located, the transfer line can take different forms. If the height difference is greater than 1 m between the output of the intensive sanitation unit 102 and the entrance of the extensive sanitation unit 104, the transfer line may take the form of a single pipe.
Si le dénivelé est inférieur à 1 m entre la sortie de l'unité d'assainissement intensif 102 et l'entrée de l'unité d'assainissement extensif 104, la canalisation de transfert peut être constituée en série d'une première canalisation 108, d'un réservoir tampon 112, d'une deuxième canalisation 110 et d'une pompe 114. La première canalisation 108 reçoit les eaux issues de l'unité d'assainissement intensif 102 et les transfère dans le réservoir tampon 112, où la pompe 114 est disposée. Les eaux sont alors refoulées par la pompe 114 dans la deuxième canalisation 110 qui débouche à l'entrée de l'unité d'assainissement extensif 104. Le réservoir tampon 112 permet de réguler le débit des eaux vers l'unité d'assainissement extensif 104 et d'assurer un débit le plus continu possible. La pompe 114 peut être commandée en fonction du niveau des eaux dans le réservoir tampon 112. Ainsi, lorsque les eaux atteignent un niveau haut dans le réservoir tampon 112, la pompe 114 se met à refouler les eaux vers la deuxième canalisation 110, et lorsque les eaux atteignent un niveau bas dans le réservoir tampon 112, la pompe s'arrête.If the height difference is less than 1 m between the output of the intensive sanitation unit 102 and the inlet of the extensive sanitation unit 104, the transfer line may be constituted in series of a first pipe 108, a buffer tank 112, a second pipe 110 and a pump 114. The first pipe 108 receives the water from the intensive sanitation unit 102 and transfers it to the buffer tank 112, where the pump 114 is arranged. The water is then pumped by the pump 114 into the second pipe 110 which opens at the entrance to the extensive sanitation unit 104. The buffer tank 112 regulates the flow of water to the extensive sanitation unit 104 and to ensure the most continuous flow possible. The pump 114 can be controlled according to the level of the water in the buffer tank 112. Thus, when the water reaches a high level in the buffer tank 112, the pump 114 starts to discharge the water to the second pipe 110, and when the water reaches a low level in the buffer tank 112, the pump stops.
Dans le mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, l'unité d'assainissement intensif 102 est un système de traitement biologique par cultures fixées comme par exemple du type lit bactérien.In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the intensive sanitation unit 102 is a biological treatment system fixed cultures such as for example of the bacterial bed type.
Le système de traitement biologique comprend une enveloppe plastique dans laquelle est disposée un support pour les bactéries et un dispositif de séparation des boues.The biological treatment system comprises a plastic casing in which is disposed a support for bacteria and a sludge separator.
Les eaux usées provenant de la canalisation d'entrée 106 passent successivement par chaque réacteur biologique afin d'être débarrassées du maximum de polluants d'origine organique.The wastewater from the inlet pipe 106 passes successively through each biological reactor in order to be rid of the maximum of pollutants of organic origin.
En sortie de l'unité d'assainissement intensif 102, les eaux usées ne sont pas encore aptes à être rejetées dans un milieu naturel de faible acceptabilité, sans que celui-ci en subisse un impact. L'unité d'assainissement extensif 104 assure le reste de l'assainissement.At the outlet of the intensive sanitation unit 102, the wastewater is not yet able to be discharged into a natural medium of low acceptability, without this having an impact. The extensive sanitation unit 104 provides the rest of the sanitation.
Les boues qui sont issues de l'unité d'assainissement intensif 102 sont rejetées en amont vers un réservoir approprié.Sludge from the intensive sanitation unit 102 is discharged upstream to a suitable reservoir.
Dans le mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, l'unité d'assainissement extensif 104 est du type filtre planté. Par exemple, l'unité d'assainissement extensif 104 est une zone de filtration horizontale plantée de macrophytes 118, comme par exemple des roseaux, sur lit de graviers 120.In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the extensive sanitation unit 104 is of the planted filter type. For example, the extensive sanitation unit 104 is a horizontal filtration zone planted with macrophytes 118, such as reeds, on gravel bed 120.
La zone de plantation 104 est constituée d'une tranchée 122 qui présente une pente descendante à partir de l'endroit où les eaux issues de l'unité d'assainissement intensif 102 sont rejetées, c'est-à-dire où débouche la deuxième canalisation 110. Dans un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, correspondant au traitement des eaux usées de 10 équivalent habitant, la longueur de la tranchée 122 est de 22 m, sa largeur de 90 cm, sa pente est de 3,18% et la profondeur à l'endroit où débouche la deuxième canalisation 110 est de 60 cm. Pour évacuer les eaux de la tranchée 122, une canalisation d'évacuation 116 est prévue à l'extrémité de l'unité d'assainissement extensif 104, c'est-à-dire de la tranchée 122, opposée à l'extrémité où débouche la deuxième canalisation 110, c'est-à-dire ici au niveau de la partie la plus profonde de la tranchée 122. La canalisation d'évacuation 116 est disposée juste au-dessous de la surface du lit de graviers 120 et elle débouche dans un conduit d'évacuation 126 et vers le milieu naturel par l'intermédiaire d'un coude 128 dont la hauteur libre s'étend verticalement vers le haut et détermine ainsi la hauteur d'évacuation. La hauteur libre est avantageusement réglable afin de régler la hauteur d'évacuation.The planting zone 104 consists of a trench 122 which has a downward slope from where the water from the intensive sanitation unit 102 is discharged, that is to say where the second In a particular embodiment of the invention, corresponding to the wastewater treatment of 10 equivalent inhabitants, the length of the trench 122 is 22 m, its width 90 cm, its slope is 3.18%. and the depth at the point where the second pipe 110 opens is 60 cm. To evacuate the water from the trench 122, an evacuation pipe 116 is provided at the end of the extensive sanitation unit 104, that is to say the trench 122, opposite the end where opens the second pipe 110, that is to say here at the deepest part of the trench 122. The drainage pipe 116 is disposed just below the surface of the gravel bed 120 and opens into the a discharge duct 126 and to the natural environment via a bend 128 whose free height extends vertically upwards and thus determines the discharge height. The free height is advantageously adjustable to adjust the discharge height.
La mise en série des deux unités d'assainissement 102 et 104 permet d'obtenir une installation d'assainissement 100 qui est peu coûteuse et présente une emprise au sol réduite par rapport à une centrale d'épuration classique.The serialization of the two sanitation units 102 and 104 provides a sanitation installation 100 which is inexpensive and has a reduced footprint compared to a conventional purification plant.
En effet, la mise en place d'une unique unité d'assainissement intensif 102 obligerait à avoir un volume de traitement très important qui aurait une forte emprise sur le sol, et la mise en place d'une unique unité d'assainissement extensif 104 nécessiterait d'avoir une zone de plantation à plusieurs étages ce qui aurait également une forte emprise sur le sol.Indeed, the establishment of a single intensive sanitation unit 102 would require a very large volume of treatment that would have a strong hold on the ground, and the establishment of a single extensive sanitation unit. would require a multi-storey planting area which would also have a strong hold on the ground.
En outre, la mise en série des deux unités d'assainissement 102 et 104 permet de s'affranchir des désavantages de chacun d'eux pris isolément.In addition, the serialization of the two sanitation units 102 and 104 overcomes the disadvantages of each of them taken alone.
L'unité d'assainissement intensif 102 est très sensible aux agents bactéricides, et autres produits nettoyants ménagers du type eau de javel alors que l'unité d'assainissement extensif 104 est très résistante à ce genre de polluants. Ainsi, il est possible, même en cas de pollution, de garantir un bon assainissement des eaux, puisqu'une baisse de rendement de l'unité d'assainissement intensif 102 est compensée par un fonctionnement continu de l'unité d'assainissement extensif 104 et ceci tant que l'unité d'assainissement intensif 102 n'a pas retrouvé son intégrité par dilution et disparition des polluants.The intensive sanitation unit 102 is very sensitive to bactericidal agents and other household cleaning products of the bleach type while the extensive sanitation unit 104 is very resistant to such pollutants. Thus, it is possible, even in case of pollution, to ensure good water purification, since a decrease in efficiency of the intensive sanitation unit 102 is offset by a continuous operation of the extensive sanitation unit 104 and this as long as the intensive sanitation unit 102 has not regained its integrity by dilution and disappearance of pollutants.
Une telle installation d'assainissement d'eau 100 permet de filtrer les eaux notamment de l'azote et des bactéries qu'elles contiennent avant de les rejeter vers le milieu, naturel.Such a water purification plant 100 can filter the water including nitrogen and bacteria they contain before rejecting them in the middle, natural.
Pour assurer une bonne répartition des eaux sur la largeur de la tranchée 122, la deuxième canalisation 1 10 ou ladite unique canalisation débouche dans le lit de graviers 120 par l'intermédiaire d'une rampe qui s'étend le long de cette largeur. Ainsi, les eaux issues de l'unité d'assainissement intensif 102 sont rejetées dans l'unité d'assainissement extensif 104 par l'intermédiaire de la rampe.To ensure a good distribution of water over the width of the trench 122, the second pipe 1 10 or said single pipe opens into the bed of gravel 120 via a ramp which extends along this width. Thus, the water from the intensive sanitation unit 102 is discharged into the extensive sanitation unit 104 via the ramp.
Le lit de graviers 120 est constitué, dans la zone où débouche la deuxième canalisation 110, d'un massif de répartition, qui est constitué par exemple de galets de calibre 60-100 mm sur une longueur de 1 rn et sur la largeur de la tranchée 122 pour répartir les eaux de manière homogène sur la largeur de la tranchée 122. Le reste du lit de graviers est de préférence constitué de graviers de diamètre compris entre 1 et 3 mm, comme par exemple du sable de type quartzite.The bed of gravel 120 is constituted, in the zone where the second channel 110 opens, of a distribution block, which consists for example of rollers of 60-100 mm caliber over a length of 1 m and the width of the trench 122 to distribute water evenly over the width of the trench 122. The rest of the gravel bed is preferably made of gravel diameter between 1 and 3 mm, such as quartzite type sand.
L'étanchéité de la tranchée est assurée par la dépose d'une géomembrane 124. par exemple en PEHB, qui est elle-même protégée sur chacune de ses faces par un gêotextile anti poinçonnant. Un dispositif de traitement du phosphore peut être disposé en amont de l'unité d'assainissement intensif 102.The sealing of the trench is ensured by the removal of a geomembrane 124. for example PEHB, which is itself protected on each of its faces by an anti-punching genotextile. A phosphorus treatment device may be arranged upstream of the intensive sanitation unit 102.
Bien entendu, la présente invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples et modes de réalisation décrits et représentés, mais elle est susceptible de nombreuses variantes accessibles à l'homme de l'art. Of course, the present invention is not limited to the examples and embodiments described and shown, but it is capable of many variants accessible to those skilled in the art.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1) Installation d'assainissement d'eau (100) comprenant: - une unité d'assainissement intensif (102), et - une unité d'assainissement extensif (104), constituée d'une zone de filtration plantée l'unité d'assainissement intensif (102) étant alimentée en eaux à assainir et rejetant les eaux ainsi pré-assaïnies vers l'unité d'assainissement extensif (104) l'installation d'assainissement (100) étant caractérisée en ce que la zone de plantation (104) est une zone de filtration horizontale constituée d'une tranchée (122) qui présente une pente descendante à partir de l'endroit où les eaux issues de l'unité d'assainissement intensif (102) sont rejetées, et en ce qu'elle comprend une canalisation d'évacuation (116) qui est disposée à l'extrémité de la zone de plantation1) Water sanitation facility (100) comprising: - an intensive sanitation unit (102), and - an extensive sanitation unit (104), consisting of a filtration zone planted the unit of intensive sanitation (102) being supplied with water to be sanitized and discharging the pre-planted water to the extensive sanitation unit (104) the sanitation facility (100) being characterized in that the planting area (104) ) is a horizontal filtration zone consisting of a trench (122) that slopes downward from where the water from the Intensive Sanitation Unit (102) is discharged, and includes an evacuation pipe (116) which is disposed at the end of the planting area
(104) opposée à l'extrémité où les eaux issues de l'unité d'assainissement intensif (102) sont rejetées et qui est disposée juste au-dessous de la surface de la zone plantée (104).(104) opposite the end where the water from the intensive sanitation unit (102) is discharged and is disposed just below the surface of the planted area (104).
2) Installation d'assainissement d'eau (100) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'unité d'assainissement intensif (102) est un système de traitement biologique par cultures fixées.2) water sanitation facility (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the intensive sanitation unit (102) is a fixed culture biological treatment system.
3) Installation d'assainissement d'eau (100) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 2, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend une canalisation de transfert (108, 110, 112) reliant l'unité d'assainissement intensif (102) à l'unité d'assainissement extensif (104) et constituée d'une seule canalisation.3) water purification plant (100) according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that it comprises a transfer line (108, 110, 112) connecting the intensive sanitation unit (102). ) to the extensive sanitation unit (104) and consisting of a single pipe.
4) Installation d'assainissement d'eau (100) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend une canalisation de transfert (108, 110, 112) reliant l'unité d'assainissement intensif (102) à l'unité d'assainissement extensif (104) et constituée d'une première canalisation (10S)3 d'un réservoir tampon (112), d'une deuxième canalisation (110) et d'une pompe (114) disposée dans le réservoir tampon (112), la première canalisation (108) recevant les eaux issues de l'unité d'assainissement intensif (102) et les rejetant dans le réservoir tampon (112), la pompe (114) refoulant les eaux, ainsi rejetées, dans la deuxième canalisation (110) qui débouche à l'entrée de l'unité d'assainissement extensif (104). 5) Installation d'assainissement d'eau (100) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que la canalisation d'évacuation (116) débouche vers Ie milieu naturel par l'intermédiaire d'un coude (128) dont la hauteur libre s'étend verticalement vers le haut.4) water purification plant (100) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises a transfer line (108, 110, 112) connecting the intensive sanitation unit (102). ) to the extensive sanitation unit (104) and consisting of a first pipe (10S) 3 of a buffer tank (112), a second pipe (110) and a pump (114) disposed in the buffer tank (112), the first pipe (108) receiving the water from the intensive sanitation unit (102) and discharging it into the buffer tank (112), the pump (114) discharging the water, thus discharged in the second pipe (110) which opens at the entrance of the extensive sanitation unit (104). 5) water purification plant (100) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the evacuation pipe (116) opens out to the natural environment via a bend (128) whose free height extends vertically upward.
6) Installation d'assainissement d'eau (100) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend une rampe par laquelle les eaux issues de l'unité d'assainissement intensif (102) sont rejetées dans l'unité d'assainissement extensif (104). 6) water purification plant (100) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises a ramp through which the water from the intensive sanitation unit (102) are rejected in the extensive sanitation unit (104).
PCT/FR2010/000048 2009-01-22 2010-01-18 Water sanitising plant comprising a laid filtration zone WO2010084267A1 (en)

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FR0950390A FR2941226B1 (en) 2009-01-22 2009-01-22 WATER SANITATION INSTALLATION.
FR0950390 2009-01-22

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FR2974798B1 (en) * 2011-05-03 2014-06-13 Philippe Michel METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR TREATING EFFLUENTS
CN109295924B (en) * 2018-09-20 2020-10-20 金恩升 Supporting vegetation buffer zone in sponge city

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