WO2009116484A1 - 亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と被着材の接合体及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と被着材の接合体及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009116484A1 WO2009116484A1 PCT/JP2009/055016 JP2009055016W WO2009116484A1 WO 2009116484 A1 WO2009116484 A1 WO 2009116484A1 JP 2009055016 W JP2009055016 W JP 2009055016W WO 2009116484 A1 WO2009116484 A1 WO 2009116484A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- steel sheet
- zinc
- plated steel
- based plated
- adherend
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
- B29C45/14778—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the article consisting of a material with particular properties, e.g. porous, brittle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/51—One specific pretreatment, e.g. phosphatation, chromatation, in combination with one specific coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
- B29C45/14008—Inserting articles into the mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
- B29C45/14311—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles using means for bonding the coating to the articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/44—Joining a heated non plastics element to a plastics element
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
- B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
- B29C65/483—Reactive adhesives, e.g. chemically curing adhesives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/82—Testing the joint
- B29C65/8253—Testing the joint by the use of waves or particle radiation, e.g. visual examination, scanning electron microscopy, or X-rays
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/004—Preventing sticking together, e.g. of some areas of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/0042—Preventing sticking together, e.g. of some areas of the parts to be joined of the joining tool and the parts to be joined
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/02—Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
- B29C66/026—Chemical pre-treatments
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/03—After-treatments in the joint area
- B29C66/034—Thermal after-treatments
- B29C66/0344—Annealing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/303—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect
- B29C66/3032—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protrusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/30325—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protrusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined making use of cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
- B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/47—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/474—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces said single elements being substantially non-flat
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7311—Thermal properties
- B29C66/73111—Thermal expansion coefficient
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7311—Thermal properties
- B29C66/73115—Melting point
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7315—Mechanical properties
- B29C66/73151—Hardness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7316—Surface properties
- B29C66/73161—Roughness or rugosity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7377—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline
- B29C66/73775—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being crystalline
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
- B29C66/742—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to metals or their alloys
- B29C66/7428—Transition metals or their alloys
- B29C66/74283—Iron or alloys of iron, e.g. steel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
- B29C66/748—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to natural products or their composites, not provided for in groups B29C66/742 - B29C66/746
- B29C66/7483—Bone, horn, ivory
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/818—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
- B29C66/8182—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the thermal insulating constructional aspects
- B29C66/81821—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the thermal insulating constructional aspects of the welding jaws
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
- B29C66/824—Actuating mechanisms
- B29C66/8248—Pressure application by weights
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/043—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
- B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
- B32B27/286—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polysulphones; polysulfides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
- B32B37/16—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating
- B32B37/18—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating involving the assembly of discrete sheets or panels only
- B32B37/182—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating involving the assembly of discrete sheets or panels only one or more of the layers being plastic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/14—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts, e.g. denser near its faces
- B32B5/147—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts, e.g. denser near its faces by treatment of the layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/26—After-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
- C23C22/08—Orthophosphates
- C23C22/12—Orthophosphates containing zinc cations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
- C23C22/08—Orthophosphates
- C23C22/22—Orthophosphates containing alkaline earth metal cations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/24—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing hexavalent chromium compounds
- C23C22/30—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing hexavalent chromium compounds containing also trivalent chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/24—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing hexavalent chromium compounds
- C23C22/33—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing hexavalent chromium compounds containing also phosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/34—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides
- C23C22/36—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides containing also phosphates
- C23C22/362—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides containing also phosphates containing also zinc cations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/34—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides
- C23C22/36—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides containing also phosphates
- C23C22/364—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides containing also phosphates containing also manganese cations
- C23C22/365—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides containing also phosphates containing also manganese cations containing also zinc and nickel cations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/48—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 not containing phosphates, hexavalent chromium compounds, fluorides or complex fluorides, molybdates, tungstates, vanadates or oxalates
- C23C22/50—Treatment of iron or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/48—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 not containing phosphates, hexavalent chromium compounds, fluorides or complex fluorides, molybdates, tungstates, vanadates or oxalates
- C23C22/53—Treatment of zinc or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/48—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 not containing phosphates, hexavalent chromium compounds, fluorides or complex fluorides, molybdates, tungstates, vanadates or oxalates
- C23C22/56—Treatment of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
- B29C2045/1486—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations
- B29C2045/14868—Pretreatment of the insert, e.g. etching, cleaning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/0001—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
- B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
- B29C65/483—Reactive adhesives, e.g. chemically curing adhesives
- B29C65/4835—Heat curing adhesives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
- B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
- B29C65/483—Reactive adhesives, e.g. chemically curing adhesives
- B29C65/485—Multi-component adhesives, i.e. chemically curing as a result of the mixing of said multi-components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/02—Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
- B29C66/022—Mechanical pre-treatments, e.g. reshaping
- B29C66/0224—Mechanical pre-treatments, e.g. reshaping with removal of material
- B29C66/02245—Abrading, e.g. grinding, sanding, sandblasting or scraping
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
- B29C66/7212—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the composition of the fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/8122—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/96—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process
- B29C66/964—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process involving trial and error
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
- B29K2067/006—PBT, i.e. polybutylene terephthalate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2077/00—Use of PA, i.e. polyamides, e.g. polyesteramides or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
- B29K2077/10—Aromatic polyamides [polyaramides] or derivatives thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2081/00—Use of polymers having sulfur, with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only, in the main chain, as moulding material
- B29K2081/04—Polysulfides, e.g. PPS, i.e. polyphenylene sulfide or derivatives thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2101/00—Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
- B29K2101/12—Thermoplastic materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2305/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, as reinforcement
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2305/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, as reinforcement
- B29K2305/08—Transition metals
- B29K2305/12—Iron
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2307/00—Use of elements other than metals as reinforcement
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2705/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0037—Other properties
- B29K2995/0072—Roughness, e.g. anti-slip
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
- B32B2037/1269—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives multi-component adhesive
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/06—Coating on the layer surface on metal layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
- B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
- B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2270/00—Resin or rubber layer containing a blend of at least two different polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/536—Hardness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/538—Roughness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/542—Shear strength
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12472—Microscopic interfacial wave or roughness
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a joined body of a highly corrosion-resistant zinc-based plated steel sheet and an adherend used for building materials, outdoor equipment, construction machine parts, general machine parts, and the like, and a method for manufacturing the same. That is, a composite obtained by injecting and integrating a resin composition on a zinc-based plated steel sheet, a joined body obtained by bonding a zinc-based plated steel sheet and a metal alloy with an adhesive, and a zinc-based plated steel sheet and a resin molded product are bonded with an adhesive.
- the present invention relates to a composite, a composite obtained by bonding a zinc-based plated steel plate and a fiber reinforced plastic (hereinafter referred to as “FRP”) with an adhesive, and a method for manufacturing each.
- FRP fiber reinforced plastic
- thermoplastic engineering resin a high-strength thermoplastic engineering resin into an aluminum alloy by injection or the like without an adhesive.
- injection joining a method of joining simultaneously with resin molding by a method such as injection
- PBT polybutylene terephthalate resin
- PPS polyphenylene sulfide resin
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 a technique is disclosed in which a part of a synthetic resin molded body is bitten into a hole of an anodized film formed on the surface of an aluminum material and joined (for example, see Patent Document 3).
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 The principle of injection joining in Patent Documents 1 and 2 is shown below.
- the aluminum alloy is immersed in a dilute aqueous solution of a water-soluble amine compound, and the aluminum alloy is finely etched by the weak basicity of the aqueous solution.
- ultrafine irregularities are formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy, and at the same time, adsorption of amine compound molecules on the surface of the aluminum alloy occurs.
- the surface-treated aluminum alloy is inserted into an injection mold, and the molten thermoplastic resin is injected at a high pressure.
- thermoplastic resin and the amine compound molecules adsorbed on the aluminum alloy surface are encountered.
- This chemical reaction suppresses a physical reaction in which the thermoplastic resin is rapidly cooled in contact with an aluminum alloy maintained at a low mold temperature to crystallize and solidify.
- the resin is delayed in crystallization and solidification, and in the meantime, enters the ultra-fine irregularities on the surface of the aluminum alloy. This makes it difficult for the thermoplastic resin to peel off from the aluminum alloy surface even when subjected to external force. That is, the resin molded product formed with the aluminum alloy is firmly integrated.
- the chemical reaction and the physical reaction are in a competitive relationship, and in this case, the chemical reaction is prioritized, so it can be said that strong injection joining occurs.
- PBT and PPS that can chemically react with an amine compound can be injection-bonded with the aluminum alloy.
- the inventors have named this injection joining mechanism “NMT (Nano ⁇ molding technology)”.
- Zinc-based plated steel sheets are used as building materials that require maintenance-free use for 10 years or more.
- a pre-coated steel plate also called a color steel plate or a color iron plate
- 1-coat, 2-coat, or 3-coat baked coating is added to a zinc-plated steel plate
- this zinc-based plated steel sheet can be firmly integrated with an adherend such as a resin molded product, FRP, and a metal alloy, the use as a building material for the zinc-based plated steel sheet will expand.
- a composite in which a zinc-based plated steel plate and a resin molded product or FRP are firmly integrated can connect the steel plate portion to another building material by a bolt mechanism or welding.
- the shape of the entire composite can be diversified with resin molded products or FRP, and the weight ratio of the entire composite can be reduced by increasing the volume ratio of the resin molded products or FRP. It is.
- the zinc-based plated steel sheet and the metal alloy can be firmly joined by an adhesive without using a bolt mechanism or welding, the number of parts or processes can be reduced, which contributes to cost reduction.
- the present invention has been made based on such a technical background, and an object thereof is to provide a technique for firmly integrating a zinc-based plated steel sheet and an adherend. That is, an object is to firmly integrate a zinc-based plated steel sheet and a resin molded product by injection-bonding a thermoplastic resin composition to the zinc-based plated steel sheet. Moreover, it aims at integrating both by pressure-bonding the molded article of a thermoplastic resin composition to a zinc-plated steel plate. Furthermore, it aims at joining firmly a zinc-based plated steel plate and a metal alloy or FRP with an adhesive agent.
- the inventors of the present invention refer to the joining theory relating to the aluminum alloy as “NMT” (short for Nanomolding technology), and “new NMT” as regards the injection joining of metal alloys in general.
- NMT short for Nanomolding technology
- new NMT as regards the injection joining of metal alloys in general.
- the hypothesis of “new NMT” that can be used more widely is as follows. That is, in order to obtain injection bonding with strong bonding strength, there are conditions on both the metal alloy side and the injection resin side. First, the following three conditions are necessary on the metal side.
- the first condition is that the surface of the metal alloy is uneven with a period of 1 to 10 ⁇ m by a chemical etching technique, and the uneven height difference is about half of the period, that is, a rough rough surface of 0.5 to 5 ⁇ m. That is.
- a chemical reaction that is not constant.
- it when viewed with a roughness meter, it is in the range of 0.2 to 20 ⁇ m.
- a roughness curve with regular periodic irregularities and a maximum height difference in the range of 0.2 to 5 ⁇ m can be drawn, or the latest dynamic mode scanning probe microscope can be used for scanning.
- the average period that is, the roughness surface having a peak-valley average interval (RSm) of 0.8 to 10 ⁇ m and a maximum height roughness (Rz) of 0.2 to 5 ⁇ m is shown above. It is considered that the roughness condition was substantially satisfied.
- the inventors of the present invention called the “surface having a roughness on the order of microns” as an easy-to-understand word because the ideal rough surface irregularity period is approximately 1 to 10 ⁇ m as described above.
- the second condition is that ultrafine irregularities of 5 nm or more are further formed on the surface of the metal alloy having a roughness on the order of microns. In other words, it needs to be rough when viewed with microscopic eyes.
- the surface of the metal alloy is subjected to fine etching, oxidation treatment, chemical conversion treatment, etc., and the inner wall surface of the concave portion having the above-mentioned micron-order roughness is 5 to 500 nm, preferably 10 to 300 nm.
- ultrafine irregularities with a period of 30 to 100 nm are formed.
- the irregularity period is 10 nm or less, it is clearly difficult to enter the resin component. Further, in this case, since the unevenness height difference is usually small, it looks smooth as viewed from the resin side. As a result, it no longer serves as a spike. If the period is about 300 to 500 nm or longer (in that case, the diameter and period of the concave part having a micron order roughness is estimated to be close to 10 ⁇ m), the spike in the micron order concave part Because the number of slashes, the effect becomes difficult to work. Therefore, in principle, it is necessary that the period of the ultra fine irregularities is in the range of 10 to 300 nm.
- the resin may enter between them even with a period of 5 nm to 10 nm.
- this is the case when 5 to 10 nm diameter rod-shaped crystals are complex.
- the shape of the ultra-fine irregularities may easily cause an anchor effect.
- this corresponds to a shape like a pearlite structure in which steps having a height and depth of several hundred to 500 nm and a width of several hundred to several thousand nm are infinitely continuous. Including such a case, the required period of ultrafine irregularities was specified to be 5 nm to 500 nm.
- the RSm range is defined as 1 to 10 ⁇ m and the Rz range is defined as 0.5 to 5 ⁇ m, but the RSm is 0.8 to 1 ⁇ m and the Rz is 0.2 to 0.2 ⁇ m.
- the bonding force can be maintained high if the irregular period of the ultra-fine irregularities is in a particularly preferable range (approximately 30 to 100 nm). Therefore, we decided to expand the range of RSm slightly to a smaller one. That is, RSm was in the range of 0.8 to 10 ⁇ m and Rz was in the range of 0.2 to 5 ⁇ m.
- the third condition is that the surface layer of the metal alloy is ceramic.
- the surface layer needs to be a metal oxide layer having a thickness equal to or greater than that of the natural oxide layer, and the metal alloy type having relatively low corrosion resistance (
- the third condition is that the surface layer is a thin layer of metal oxide or metal phosphorous oxide generated by chemical conversion treatment or the like.
- a concave portion (C) having a roughness on the order of microns is formed on the surface of the metal alloy 70, and an ultrafine irregularity (A) is formed on the inner wall of the concave portion, and the surface layer is a ceramic layer 71.
- a part of the cured adhesive layer 72 has penetrated into the ultra-fine irregularities.
- the resin side in the new NMT it is possible to use a hard, highly crystalline thermoplastic resin that has a reduced crystallization rate during quenching by compounding another polymer suitable for this.
- a resin composition compounded with another polymer suitable for PBT or PPS, which is a crystalline hard resin, and glass fiber can be used.
- the metal alloy and the resin can be used for injection joining with a general injection molding machine or injection mold. This process will be described according to the above-mentioned “new NMT”.
- the injected molten resin is introduced into a mold having a temperature of about 150 ° C. lower than the melting point, but is cooled in this flow path, and is considered to be a temperature below the melting point. That is, when the molten crystalline resin is rapidly cooled, even if the melting point is lower than the melting point, crystals are formed in zero time and do not change to a solid. In short, a melted state below the melting point, that is, a supercooled state exists for a very short time.
- this supercooling time can be lengthened a little by applying a special compound to PBT or PPS.
- the concave portion having a diameter of 1 to 10 ⁇ m according to the above-mentioned micron-order roughness and having a depth up to about half of the period can be used. It was estimated that microcrystals invaded. Furthermore, if the inner wall surface of the recess is rough when viewed with a microscopic eye as in the second condition described above, a part of the resin also penetrates into the ultra-fine irregularities, and as a result, a pulling force is exerted on the resin side. It is presumed that even if it is added, it will be caught and difficult to come off. And if this rough surface is covered with metal oxide or metal phosphorous oxide as shown in the third condition, the hardness is high, and the catch between the resin and the concave portion related to the ultra fine unevenness is effective as a spike. Become.
- the corrosion resistance of a magnesium alloy that is still covered with a natural oxide layer is low, so by converting this into a metal oxide, metal carbonate, or metal phosphate,
- the surface can be covered with a ceramic material having high hardness.
- the mold and the inserted magnesium alloy are kept at a temperature lower than the melting point of the resin to be injected by at least 100 ° C. As soon as it enters the flow path in the mold, it is rapidly cooled, and when it approaches the magnesium alloy, there is a high possibility that it is below the melting point.
- the resin When the diameter of the concave portion on the surface of the magnesium alloy is relatively large, such as about 1 to 10 ⁇ m, the resin can enter within a limited time during which microcrystals are generated by supercooling. Further, even when the number density of the generated polymer microcrystal group is still small, the resin can penetrate if it is the concave portion.
- the size of a microcrystal that is, a crystallite having a shape when an alignment state is generated from a molecular chain that has been moving irregularly to the molecular chain, is estimated to be several nm to 10 nm when estimated from a molecular model. It is. Therefore, it is difficult to say that microcrystals can easily penetrate into ultrafine irregularities with a diameter of 10 nm.
- the bonding itself is a problem of the resin component and the surface of the metal alloy, but if the resin composition contains reinforcing fibers or inorganic fillers, the linear expansion coefficient of the entire resin can be brought close to that of the metal alloy, so It becomes easy to maintain the bonding force.
- a composite obtained by injection-bonding PBT or PPS resin to magnesium alloy, copper alloy, titanium alloy, stainless steel or the like has a shear breaking force of 20 to 30 MPa (about 200 to 300 kgf / cm 2 ) or more, and a tensile breaking force of 30 to 40 MPa (about 300 to 400 kgf / cm 2 ) or more, which is confirmed to be a strong composite.
- Patent Document 4 There is a technique in which a metal part is inserted into a mold of an injection molding machine and a thermoplastic resin material is injected and integrated with the metal part (for example, see Patent Document 4).
- the technique described in Patent Document 4 is not an “injection joining” of the present invention but an injection molding technique that utilizes the relationship between the linear expansion coefficient of metal and the molding shrinkage ratio of resin.
- the molded product is removed from the mold. When the mold is released and allowed to cool, the metal bar portion is tightened from the resin molded product portion.
- the linear expansion coefficient of the metal is large, it is 1.7 to 2.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 ° C. ⁇ 1 of aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy and copper alloy, and even if it is lowered from the mold and cooled to room temperature, the linear expansion coefficient At about 100 ° C, the degree of shrinkage is only 0.2 to 0.3%.
- one of the resins has a molding shrinkage of about 1% for PPS and 0.5% for PPS with glass fibers. Even with resin with increased filler, the resin part is always better than metal parts after injection molding. It shrinks greatly.
- the manufacturing method of such a clamped metal / resin integrated product is a conventionally known method, and there is a handle of an oil stove as a similar molded product.
- a thick steel wire with a diameter of about 2 mm is inserted into an injection mold to inject heat-resistant resin.
- the wire is notched (knurled) to prevent the resin from moving.
- the uneven processing is made smart instead of the physical processing method to the chemical processing method, and the unevenness is made slightly fine, and the resin side is used with a hard and crystalline resin for grip. It is the feature that raised the effect to do.
- the new NMT does not require any fastening with resin.
- an intense force is required.
- the present invention is also characterized by using a high-hardness crystalline resin composition that crystallizes and solidifies after a long supercooling time during rapid cooling.
- the linear expansion coefficients of the two are close to each other.
- the linear expansion coefficient of the thermoplastic resin composition can be lowered by containing a large amount of reinforcing fibers such as glass fibers and carbon fibers, that is, fillers.
- the procedure for the experimental method of adhesive bonding is shown below. Based on the “new NMT”, a metal alloy having the same surface as that used in the injection joining experiment (that is, a metal alloy satisfying the above three conditions) was prepared. Then, a liquid one-component epoxy adhesive is applied to a predetermined range of the metal alloy, put into a desiccator, temporarily put under vacuum, and then returned to normal pressure, etc. Intrude. That is, the adhesive is sufficiently infiltrated into the metal alloy surface. Thereafter, the adherend is bonded to the predetermined range and heated to be cured.
- an epoxy adhesive having a certain viscosity can penetrate into the concave portion (roughness concave portion in the first condition) on the micron order roughness of the metal alloy surface because it is liquid. And the epoxy adhesive which penetrate
- an ultrafine unevenness is further formed on the inner wall surface of the recess (the second condition), and the ultrafine unevenness is a thin ceramic-like thin film (the third condition). Since it is covered, the epoxy resin that has entered the inside of the recess and solidified is difficult to come out by being gripped by ultra-fine irregularities such as spikes.
- “New NMT” can be applied to a joining method different from injection joining. That is, first, a resin molded product is manufactured by a method such as injection molding using a resin composition mainly composed of a hard highly crystalline resin as a raw material. On the other hand, a metal alloy piece that satisfies the first to third conditions in the “new NMT” is prepared and heated with a hot plate or the like. When the resin molded product is pressed against the heated metal alloy piece, the resin composition melts on the contact surface when the temperature of the metal alloy piece is higher than the melting point of the resin composition.
- the pressure at the time of penetration is as low as about 1 atm even if the environment at the time of melting is reduced to normal pressure after being evacuated, and it is impossible to achieve the best condition for obtaining the joining force. Bonding strength that can be used practically is obtained. This is a molded article pressure fusion method using a highly crystalline thermoplastic resin.
- the present inventors performed a surface treatment on cold rolled steel and hot rolled steel as the most common structural steel materials based on “New NMT”, and injection-bonded a thermoplastic resin composition thereto. Further, the cold-rolled steel material and the hot-rolled steel material were subjected to surface treatment based on “NMT”, and CFRP was adhesively bonded. The composite obtained in this way showed a higher bonding force than ever before.
- zinc-based plated steel sheets are highly versatile and are widely used as residential steel for outdoor use.
- the present inventors have conducted research and development on whether zinc-plated steel sheets can be injection-bonded based on “new NMT” using PBT or PPS resins.
- development was also conducted on whether or not strong adhesive bonding between a zinc-based plated steel sheet and a resin molded article, a zinc-based plated steel sheet and CFRP, or a zinc-based plated steel sheet and a metal alloy is possible.
- thermoplastic resin composition was injected onto the zinc-based plated steel sheet that had been subjected to the surface treatment based on “New NMT” (the surface having the first to third conditions described above)
- a composite in which the zinc-based plated steel sheet and the resin molded product were firmly integrated by injection joining could be obtained.
- the zinc-based plated steel sheet and the resin molded product, the zinc-based plated steel sheet and CRRP, the zinc-based plated steel sheet and GRRP, and the zinc-based plated steel sheet and metal alloy could be firmly bonded and joined.
- the zinc-based plated steel sheet and the resin molded product could be pressure-bonded.
- the zinc-based plated steel sheet of the present invention includes a molten zinc-plated steel sheet, an alloyed molten zinc-plated steel sheet, an electrogalvanized steel sheet, an electrogalvanized steel sheet, a molten zinc-aluminum alloy plated steel sheet (for example, a molten Zn-55% Al alloy-plated steel sheet).
- Galbarium steel sheet, and other materials such as molten Zn-11% Al-3% Mg alloy-plated steel sheet.
- Most of the products that are actually distributed are those obtained by subjecting the above-described zinc-based plated steel sheets to various chemical conversion treatments and post-treatments.
- the group of materials mainly has an internal protection effect due to surface zinc oxidation and a carbonate film, and even if this is broken, the zinc itself has a sacrificial corrosion effect, and it has excellent corrosion resistance that can delay the corrosion of the core steel material.
- It is a steel material.
- these are rarely used as they are, and in many cases, they are applied with a chemical treatment such as chromate treatment or non-chromate treatment, or an organic coating containing a chromium compound is applied to protect the zinc plating layer itself. is doing.
- most of the zinc-based plated steel sheets that have been subjected to chemical conversion treatment are steel materials that are coated with an oil agent to ensure lubricity during press working.
- various surface-treated products are supplied from major material manufacturers depending on applications and the needs of secondary processing users.
- there are many products that are manufactured and marketed by galvanized steel sheet manufacturers themselves to pre-coated steel sheets such as colored steel sheets and colored irons.
- the object of the present invention is all these zinc-based plated steel sheets. That is, all of the above-described basic material zinc-based plated steel sheet (zinc-based plated steel sheet before chemical conversion treatment), chemical-treated zinc-based plated steel sheet, and zinc-based plated steel sheet coated with an oil agent on these are all objects of the present invention. And, when using a pre-coated steel sheet or a zinc-based plated steel sheet coated with a paint containing a chromium-based compound, a process of peeling the coating film by some method is required, and the material after peeling becomes the material material in the present invention. .
- “Z18” indicates a plating adhesion amount of 120 g / m 2 according to JIS, and most of the commercially available products are “Z12” (the plating adhesion amount is 90 g / m 2 ) to “Z27” (the plating adhesion amount is 190 g / m 2). ).
- “Z18” has an average amount of plating and a large circulation.
- steel materials without oil coating are used for non-press forming applications and press forming applications with low drawability, and have applications for electrical products such as AV products that dislike oil materials, copying machines and printers.
- oil-coated products that are lubricious during pressing and do not break the plating layer are used.
- the zinc-based plating layer is relatively soft as a metal and is not weak against the diaphragm.
- Chemical etching and “c. Fine etching”.
- the basics of the chemical treatment method carried out by the present inventors are conducted by considering and evaluating the specific methods “a” to “d” while considering the purpose of each step. If there is a process that can be omitted, the process is packed in such a way that it is omitted.
- hot-dip galvanized steel sheets There are practically four types of domestic zinc-plated steel sheets: hot-dip galvanized steel sheets, electrogalvanized steel sheets, zinc-55% aluminum alloy steel sheets (galvalume steel sheets), zinc-11% aluminum-3% magnesium alloy steel sheets. It is. Among these, first, the surface treatment method of the hot-dip galvanized steel sheet that has been subjected to the oil material coating and chromate treatment, which is most often handled by the secondary processor as described above, will be described in detail.
- the surface of the hot-dip galvanized steel sheet has a roughness on the order of microns, with an average interval between peaks and valleys (RSm) of 0.8 to 10 ⁇ m and a maximum height roughness (Rz) of 0.2 to 5 ⁇ m Had. Therefore, it can be firmly integrated with the adherend even if it is injection-bonded or adhesive-bonded as it is.
- the processing performed by the present inventors is the shortest, and “a. Degreasing” serves as both “b. Chemical etching”, “c. Fine etching”, and “d. Surface hardening”.
- the chemical conversion treatment (here, chromate treatment) performed by the material manufacturer on the hot dip galvanized steel sheet is an appropriate level for the present invention, and the roughness level of the original hot dip galvanized layer coincides with the requirements of the present invention. It was because it was in the range to do.
- the degreasing agent used in the “a. Degreasing” treatment by the present inventors is a product that dissolves only the oil and does not adversely affect the chromate layer. In such a degreasing process, a commercially available industrial degreasing agent for steel and aluminum can be used as a degreasing agent.
- a degreasing agent for aluminum is preferable, and a grease-like oil agent or a lubricating oil which is strongly adhered as a usage method.
- the temperature of the degreaser aqueous solution is high, specifically 70 ° C. or higher.
- the immersion time is preferably 5 minutes or longer, and is preferably about 5 to 10 minutes. The inventors performed trial and error by changing the liquid temperature and the immersion time, and determined the conditions while confirming the surface condition of the galvanized steel sheet after degreasing.
- an immersion time can be shortened by attaching an ultrasonic oscillation end to a degreasing tank and degreasing while adding ultrasonic waves.
- the surface does not conform to “new NMT” and “NAT” only by the above degreasing, it is immersed in a thin acidic aqueous solution such as a sulfuric acid aqueous solution after degreasing.
- a thin acidic aqueous solution such as a sulfuric acid aqueous solution after degreasing.
- the chemical conversion treatment layer peels off and proceeds to chemical etching of the zinc plating layer, so that the etching level is adjusted to obtain a micron-order roughness, and then chromate treatment, zinc phosphate type chemical conversion treatment, or zinc calcium phosphate type
- An ultra fine uneven surface can be formed by thinly applying a chemical conversion treatment. That is, “b. Chemical etching” and “d. Surface hardening” are performed after “a. Degreasing”. “D. Surface hardening” in this case is chemical conversion treatment itself, but also serves as “c, fine etching”.
- the above-mentioned abbreviated processing often does not achieve the surface expected by “New NMT” and “NAT”.
- the “b. Chemical etching” step the zinc-aluminum alloy phase is etched by dipping in an acidic aqueous solution having a pH of 1 to 3, specifically sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, etc. It is preferable to add the process of performing. That is, in the galvalume steel sheet, “a. Degreasing”, “b. Chemical etching”, “d. Surface hardening” steps are required. Even in a galvalume steel sheet, “d. Surface hardening” is a so-called chemical conversion treatment, and since the chemical conversion treatment also creates an ultra-fine uneven surface, “c. Fine etching” can be omitted.
- the chemical conversion treatment method that is the “d. Surface hardening” step will be specifically described. Although it was stated that chromate treatment, zinc phosphate type treatment, or zinc calcium phosphate type treatment can be used, as a result, the zinc phase is covered with a ceramic thin film and has an ultra fine uneven surface, and if added, a thin film layer It is necessary that the bonding force between the zinc phase and the zinc phase is sufficiently strong.
- a chemical conversion treatment method the present inventors have shown that at least a chromate treatment, a zinc phosphate type treatment, and a zinc calcium phosphate type treatment can be used. If the above requirements are satisfied, other chemical treatment methods can be used. It can be used.
- the zinc phosphate type chemical conversion treatment solution preferably contains a small amount of nickel ions in addition to phosphoric acid and divalent zinc, and is also effective for exhibiting good coexistence of silicofluoride ions.
- aqueous solution containing phosphoric acid in an amount of 1 to 1.5%, zinc white, basic nickel carbonate, and sodium silicofluoride at about 0.2% each at 50 to 60 ° C. .
- the zinc phosphate calcium type chemical conversion treatment solution it is preferable that a small amount of nickel ions coexist in addition to phosphoric acid, divalent zinc and calcium. More specifically, a zinc calcium phosphate chemical conversion treatment solution that is excellent as a chemical conversion treatment solution for steel materials is generally considered to be effective only at a high temperature of 80 ° C. or higher. Excellent results were obtained at 65 ° C. Photographs obtained by electron microscope observation are shown in the experimental examples described later. Specifically, regarding the liquid composition, it is preferable to use an aqueous solution containing 1 to 1.5% of phosphoric acid, zinc oxide, basic nickel carbonate, and calcium nitrate about 0.2% each.
- RSm is in a range of 0.8 to 10 ⁇ m
- Rz is in a range of 0.2 to 5 ⁇ m
- an ultra fine uneven surface with a period of 5 to 500 nm More preferably, the “new NMT” and “NAT” theory requires that the surface is covered with an ultra fine uneven surface with a period of 30 to 100 nm.
- RSm is smaller than about 0.8 ⁇ m, the concave / convex period is too small, and it is difficult to firmly enter the resin component in either injection bonding or adhesive bonding.
- even RSm is 10 ⁇ m or more, the bonding force is greatly reduced. In this case, since the recess period and the hole diameter are too large and the absolute number of recesses is reduced, the anchor effect is rapidly reduced and the joining force is reduced.
- the value of Rz is about half of RSm. If the concave portion has a depth up to about half of the concave / convex period, the resin used by the present inventors for injection joining, that is, an improved PBT is used. This is because it is considered that the base resin composition, the PPS resin composition, and the aromatic polyamide resin composition can enter the bottom of the recess. This is also true for liquid one-component adhesives that can enter with a pressure difference of up to about 1 atmosphere.
- Rz is larger, that is, when the bottom of the unevenness is deep, the above-described resin cannot be fully penetrated, and the bottom of the micron-order concave portion remains as a void after the joining process, and becomes the weakest phase against destruction. In short, high bonding strength cannot be obtained.
- Rz is too small, most of the role of maintaining the bonding force will be borne by the ultra-fine irregularities, and eventually the bonding force will be reduced.
- the concave / convex period of the ultra-fine irregularities by electron microscope observation was 80 to 150 nm, most of which was around 100 nm, which was the most preferable ultra-fine irregular period.
- the shape of the ultra-fine irregularities is particularly suitable. As described above, if the RSm is in the range of 0.8 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m and the Rz is in the range of 0.2 to 5 ⁇ m, the conditions of “new NMT” and “NAT” are satisfied. Will match. RSm (0.8 to 3 ⁇ m) and Rz (0.3 to 1 ⁇ m) measured as described above all meet the conditions of “new NMT” and “NAT”. Moreover, the state of the ultra fine irregularities after the chemical conversion treatment carried out by the present inventors was described in Examples described later. In any case, the ultrafine irregular period was included in the range of 10 to 300 nm, which was preferable.
- Thermoplastic resin composition for injection joining This resin composition is directly joined to the zinc-based plated steel sheet by injection molding.
- the first resin composition mainly containing PBT which is a crystalline resin
- the second resin composition mainly containing PPS
- the third resin composition mainly containing aromatic polyamide.
- the resin component of the first resin composition is a resin composition containing PBT as a main component and polyethylene terephthalate (hereinafter referred to as “PET”) and / or a polyolefin resin as a subsidiary component.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- the resin component of the second resin composition is a resin composition having PPS as a main component and a polyolefin resin as a subsidiary component.
- the resin component of the third resin composition is a resin composition having an aromatic polyamide as a main component and an aliphatic polyamide as a subsidiary component.
- the first resin composition is 70 to 97% by weight of PBT, 3 to 30% by weight of the PET and / or polyolefin resin
- the second resin composition is 70 to 97% by weight of PPS and the polyolefin resin is It is preferable that the content of the third resin composition is 3 to 30% by mass, and that the aromatic resin is 50 to 100% by mass and the aliphatic polyamide is 0 to 50% by mass. If it is out of this range, the injection joining force is greatly reduced.
- the resin composition comprises at least one filler selected from glass fiber, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, other reinforcing fiber, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, silica, talc, clay, and glass powder, and 20 to 20% of the total composition. PPS or PBT containing 60% by mass is preferable. This coefficient of linear expansion of the resin molded article by including these fillers and 2.0 ⁇ 10 -5 °C -1 ⁇ 3.0 ⁇ 10 -5 °C about -1, the linear expansion coefficient metal alloys This is in order to suppress the internal strain at the joint surface that occurs when the temperature is changed close to a small level.
- the composite production method according to the present invention is an injection molding method performed after a metal alloy is inserted into a mold, and is performed as follows. Prepare a mold for injection molding, insert a shape made of zinc-based plated steel plate into the mold, close the mold, and improve PBT, improved PPS, or improved aromatic polyamide thermoplastic resin composition The composite is manufactured by injecting and solidifying the product, and then opening the mold and releasing the mold.
- the mold temperature is preferably 100 ° C. or higher for PBT and PPS resins, particularly after solidification, since it does not affect the resin strength and is excellent in production efficiency of the composite. More preferably, the temperature is 120 ° C. or higher.
- the injection temperature, injection pressure, and injection speed are not particularly different from those of normal injection molding, but it is preferable to increase the injection speed and injection pressure.
- the plated layer is thinner than before the surface treatment, and a chemical conversion film layer is formed thereon.
- the steel sheet may be sandwiched between the mold and squeezed and bent sufficiently.
- the chemical conversion film layer is cracked and the plating layer May be stretched and become even thinner. Therefore, the composite obtained by injection bonding is preferably subjected to chemical conversion treatment again after integration. If the chemical conversion treatment is performed again on the composite in a short time and dried quickly, the bonding force is rarely reduced.
- Thermoplastic resin composition for pressure fusion a resin composition mainly composed of a hard highly crystalline resin can be used.
- a resin composition mainly composed of a hard highly crystalline resin can be used.
- PEEK polyetheretherketone
- fusing point is too high as close to 400 degreeC, and is unpreferable for the pressure welding by a zinc-type plated steel plate. This is because it is close to the melting point of zinc.
- thermoplastic resin for injection joining that is, PBT, PPS and aromatic polyamide resins improved for injection joining
- any hard and highly crystalline resin can be used as long as it has a wider range than the thermoplastic resin for injection joining described above.
- PBT, PPS, polyamide resin and the like are preferable because their melting points are not too high.
- the resin composition containing these as a resin component includes at least one filler selected from glass fiber, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, other reinforcing fiber, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, silica, talc, clay, and glass powder. It is preferable to contain 20 to 60% by mass of the entire composition.
- the liquid crystal polymer preferably contains 0 to 50% of the filler. This is because the linear expansion coefficient of the resin molded product is lowered by including these fillers.
- the resin component of the resin composition used in the composite manufacturing method by pressure fusion is a hard, highly crystalline resin, and specifically, PBT, PPS, aromatic polyamide, aliphatic polyamide, or liquid crystal polymer, etc. preferable.
- An improved PBT, an improved PPS, and an improved aromatic polyamide-based resin composition that can be suitably used for injection joining also fall into these categories, and of course are preferable for use.
- Glass fiber and other fillers are compounded to form a resin composition, and this is used as a raw material to be subjected to an injection molding machine to produce a resin molded product.
- the above-mentioned surface-treated zinc-plated steel sheet is heated to a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the resin composition to be joined using a hot plate, hot air dryer, etc. Press the product. Even if it is above the melting point, the following operations can be performed at a high temperature of several tens of degrees Celsius above the melting point. However, since the melting point of zinc is about 400 ° C., which is a low melting point as a metal, the use of a high melting point polymer such as PEEK is not preferable. In this heating step, a resin species that can be suppressed to heating up to about 300 ° C. is preferable.
- the surface-treated galvanized steel sheet is heated to a predetermined temperature.
- the heated steel plate is once transferred onto the heat insulating plate, and the prepared resin molded product is pressed against the placed steel plate.
- the bottom surface of the pressed resin molded product is melted, and then the heat is dispersed to recrystallize and solidify.
- the molten resin enters the recesses that form micron-order roughness on the surface of the steel sheet, and also the ultra-fine irregularities, and after entering, is cooled again, solidified, and joined.
- thermosetting adhesive that is liquid at the time of application and has few macromolecules (gelling molecules) is desired for bonding in the “NAT” theory. More specifically, it must penetrate into the recesses with a period of several ⁇ m on the surface of the metal alloy (zinc-based plated steel material) and further penetrate into the gaps of ultra-fine irregularities with a period of several tens of nanometers existing in the recesses. I must. Therefore, when applying a cycle of depressurization / return to normal pressure described later, the viscosity of the liquid is at most 20 Pa seconds or less, preferably 10 Pa seconds or less.
- an adhesive to the surface-treated galvanized steel sheet, it is placed in a container heated to 50 to 80 ° C., for example, a heated desiccator, and the steel sheet is kept at a similar temperature under reduced pressure / normal temperature. It is also possible to add a pressure return operation. Even a paste-like adhesive composition having a viscosity of several hundred Pa seconds at room temperature can be used by lowering the viscosity by raising the temperature to 50 to 80 ° C. However, if the gelation of the adhesive progresses at this temperature rise, the intrusion into the gaps of the above-mentioned ultra-fine uneven surface will deteriorate, so if such a high viscosity adhesive is used, the gel A higher curing temperature is preferred.
- epoxy adhesive will be described in more detail.
- Many commercially available one-part epoxy adhesives use bisphenol-type epoxy resins, glycidylamine-type epoxy resins, polyfunctional polyphenol-type epoxy resins, or alicyclic epoxy resins as epoxy resins, and amine compounds as curing agents.
- dicyandiamide is added. These can have a relatively low adhesive viscosity and are easy to apply, but have a slightly lower heat resistance than the types described below.
- a product using an aromatic amine compound as a curing agent cannot be manufactured unless the mixture once melts because most of the aromatic amine compound is solid, and the mixture at room temperature is not a paste. Viscosity is high and solid. Although there is a feature that the heat resistance of the cured product is high, from the viewpoint of the present invention, the viscosity is too high, and the work after application (the work of soaking into the metal alloy surface) is somewhat difficult.
- thermosetting adhesive produced from an epoxy resin and an acid anhydride is It can be preferably used. Although this kind is not commercially available, the reason is that when it is stored at room temperature after mixing, gelation proceeds at a low speed. Therefore, it is difficult to put a mixed product on the market from the aspect of quality assurance. At present, when such an adhesive is required, it is common to purchase an epoxy resin and an acid anhydride and compound them for use. .
- the mixture is said to begin to gel at about room temperature, but in reality, the curing temperature is often as high as 150 ° C. or higher, and the temperature for polymerizing is high. Therefore, if an epoxy resin compounded with an acid anhydride (adhesive composition) is placed in a refrigerator, it can be stored for several days. In that sense, an epoxy anhydride added with an acid anhydride seems to be two-component, but is classified as a substantially one-component thermosetting adhesive in the present invention. This type of adhesive can be preferably used because a cured product having excellent heat resistance can be obtained.
- thermosetting adhesive (Use of two-component thermosetting adhesive)
- the bonding force is improved, but almost no clear effect is exhibited.
- Most two-component adhesives start to gel from the moment the hardener component is added to the main liquid and mixed. As the gelation proceeds, (2) the penetration of the resin component into the gaps between the ultra-fine irregularities decreases.
- the adhesive force often changes depending on the elapsed time after mixing the curing agent, and it is not preferable that the stability and reproducibility may be inferior.
- phenolic adhesives are commercially available, but many are added with a solvent and are not solventless like many epoxy adhesives.
- the solvent is volatilized and solidified by leaving it for a while, and when the pressure is reduced / returned to normal pressure at a medium temperature of 50 to 70 ° C., the phenol resin after the solvent volatilizes and the viscosity is 10 Pa seconds. Since the liquid is changed to a viscous liquid of a degree, the adhesive can penetrate into the ultra-fine irregularities, and the air in the irregularities can be extracted.
- unsaturated polyester adhesives are not commercially available, there are many commercially available unsaturated polyester components used to make glass fiber reinforced plastics (hereinafter referred to as “GFRP”). There is also a commercially available organic peroxide for heat curing that mixes with this, and when both are mixed using an appropriate recipe, gelation does not proceed immediately, and by heating, gelation and solidification can be achieved. Since it advances, it can be used substantially as a one-component thermosetting adhesive.
- the gelation temperature is high, the gelation rate near room temperature is very slow even after mixing the curing agent, and the viscosity range of the mixture is several hundred Pa seconds.
- the following are preferable for use.
- organic peroxides with very high decomposition temperatures can be used as curing agents.
- the adhesive strength itself is stronger using vinyl ester type, especially vinyl ester type unsaturated polyester made from epoxy resin and methacrylic acid.
- epoxy-based, phenol-based, and unsaturated polyester-based adhesives can be preferably used. Many epoxy-based and phenol-based products having excellent adhesive ability are commercially available. It must be liquid at the time of application.
- a high-viscosity adhesive that is solid at room temperature can also be reduced to a viscosity level that can be said to be a liquid of several tens of Pa-seconds at 50 to 80 ° C. It is preferable to use such a phenomenon.
- a typical example of such a high-viscosity adhesive is an epoxy adhesive, and the main points when using the epoxy adhesive will be described.
- a large container that can be decompressed such as a desiccator. This is put in a warm air dryer for about 1 hour to keep warm.
- a zinc-based plated steel sheet having the above-mentioned surface treatment is prepared, and an adhesive is applied to a necessary portion thereof.
- the desiccator is taken out from the hot air dryer, the steel plates coated with the adhesive are arranged in the desiccator, covered, and depressurized to several tens mmHg to several mmHg with a vacuum pump. After leaving for a while under reduced pressure, return to normal pressure. Then, the decompression / normal pressure return operation is repeated. By these operations, the adhesive that has become liquid due to the residual heat of the desiccator is sucked into the ultra-fine irregularities on the steel surface.
- the same zinc-based plated steel sheets can be used as adherends to bond them together. Further, the zinc-based plated steel sheet can be bonded to other metal alloys, for example, metal alloys other than the same type of steel sheet surface-treated according to the “NAT” theory, for example, surface-treated stainless steel.
- Carbon fiber reinforced plastic hereinafter referred to as “CFRP (Carbon-fiber reinforced plastics)
- CFRP CFRP prepreg
- zinc adhesive steel plate coated with epoxy adhesive are connected with a clip and heated with a hot air dryer in the connected state to cure all epoxy components, the epoxy adhesive and the CFRP part compete.
- CFRP CFRP
- the present invention is a technique for firmly bonding a zinc-based plated steel sheet and an adherend (metal alloy, resin molded product, or FRP), and can be applied to various fields. Specifically, it is a technology suitable for building materials, outdoor equipment, construction machine parts, general machine parts manufacturing, etc., and enables new design methods in these manufacturing.
- the present invention can be a basic technology for manufacturing parts related to zinc-based plated steel sheets, and application fields are considered to exist in addition to the above, and contributes to improving the performance and productivity of various parts.
- the composite of the present invention is a product in which a zinc-based plated steel plate and a resin molded product are integrated without being easily peeled off.
- a zinc-plated steel sheet is subjected to a predetermined surface treatment, and a thermoplastic resin composition containing 70 to 97% by mass of PBT and 30 to 3% by mass of PET and / or polyolefin resin, 70 to 97% by mass of PPS and 3 to 3% of polyolefin resin
- a thermoplastic resin composition containing 30% by mass, or a thermoplastic resin composition containing both an aromatic polyamide and an aliphatic polyamide the zinc-based plated steel sheet and the resin molded product are firmly integrated.
- Composites can be produced.
- a resin molded article is once prepared by an injection molding method using a thermoplastic resin composition containing PBT, PPS, polyamide, liquid crystal polymer, etc., while the surface treatment according to the present invention is applied to a zinc-based plated steel sheet. deep.
- the surface-treated zinc-plated steel sheet is heated, and the resin molded product is pressed and pressure-bonded thereto to produce a composite in which the zinc-plated steel sheet and the resin molded product are integrated. I can do it.
- the zinc-based plated steel sheet is subjected to a predetermined surface treatment, and a commercially available epoxy-based adhesive or the like is used to firmly bond the zinc-based plated steel sheet and the adherend (metal alloy and CFRP). be able to.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an injection mold for producing a composite by injecting a thermoplastic resin composition onto a zinc-based plated steel sheet.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the shape of a composite of a zinc-based plated steel sheet and a resin molded product obtained by injection joining.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing the shape (boss shape) of a molded product of a thermoplastic resin used for pressure fusion.
- FIG. 4 is a side view of a molded article of a thermoplastic resin used for pressure fusion.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a jig used for pressure-bonding a resin molded product to a zinc-based plated steel sheet.
- FIG. 6 is a plan view of a zinc-based plated steel sheet used for pressure welding.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the shape of a composite of a zinc-based plated steel plate and a resin molded product obtained by pressure welding.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an apparatus for measuring the fracture strength of a composite obtained by pressure fusion.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a firing jig for thermally bonding a zinc-based plated steel sheet and CFRP through a one-component thermosetting adhesive.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the shape of a composite in which a zinc-based plated steel plate and CFRP are bonded with a one-component thermosetting adhesive.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the shape of a joined body in which zinc-based plated steel sheets are bonded together with a one-component thermosetting adhesive.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing the surface structure of the metal alloy in the new NMT and NAT.
- FIG. 13 is an electron micrograph (10,000 magnifications) of a product obtained by lightly degreasing a commercially available hot-dip galvanized steel sheet “Z-18”.
- FIG. 14 is an electron micrograph (100,000 times) of a product obtained by lightly degreasing a commercially available hot-dip galvanized steel sheet “Z-18”.
- FIG. 15 is an electron micrograph (10,000 magnifications) of a product obtained by immersing a commercially available hot-dip galvanized steel sheet “Z-18” in a zinc phosphate chemical conversion treatment solution.
- FIG. 16 is an electron micrograph (100,000 times) of a product obtained by immersing a commercially available hot-dip galvanized steel sheet “Z-18” in a zinc phosphate-based chemical conversion treatment solution.
- FIG. 17 is an electron micrograph (10,000 magnifications) of a product obtained by immersing a commercially available molten zinc-plated steel sheet “Z-18” in a zinc calcium phosphate chemical conversion treatment solution.
- FIG. 18 is an electron micrograph (100,000 times) of a product obtained by immersing a commercially available hot-dip galvanized steel sheet “Z-18” in a zinc calcium phosphate chemical conversion treatment solution.
- FIG. 19 is an electron micrograph (10,000 magnifications) of a product obtained by immersing a commercially available hot-dip galvanized steel sheet “Z-18” in a chemical conversion solution for steel containing trivalent chromium and hexavalent chromium.
- FIG. 20 is an electron micrograph (100,000 times) of a product obtained by immersing a commercially available hot-dip galvanized steel sheet “Z-18” in a chemical conversion solution for steel containing trivalent chromium and hexavalent chromium.
- FIG. 19 is an electron micrograph (10,000 magnifications) of a product obtained by immersing a commercially available hot-dip galvanized steel sheet “Z-18” in a chemical conversion solution for steel containing trivalent chromium and he
- FIG. 21 is an electron micrograph (10,000 magnifications) of a product obtained by etching a commercially available molten zinc aluminum alloy plated steel sheet “GLAZ-150” with dilute sulfuric acid and subjecting it to a zinc phosphate-based chemical conversion treatment.
- FIG. 22 is an electron micrograph (100,000 times) of a product obtained by etching a commercially available molten zinc aluminum alloy plated steel sheet “GLAZ-150” with dilute sulfuric acid and subjecting it to a zinc phosphate chemical conversion treatment.
- FIG. 23 is an electron micrograph (10,000 magnifications) of a product obtained by degreasing a commercially available molten zinc aluminum alloy plated steel sheet “GLAZ-150”.
- FIG. 24 is an electron micrograph (100,000 times) of a product obtained by degreasing a commercially available molten zinc aluminum alloy plated steel sheet “GLAZ-150”.
- FIG. 1 and 2 are views relating to injection joining of a thermoplastic resin
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a cross section of an injection mold used in an experimental example to be described later.
- FIG. 1 shows a state in which the mold is closed and injection molding is performed.
- FIG. 2 is an external view showing the external appearance of the composite 7 made of a zinc-based plated steel sheet and a resin molded product formed by an injection mold.
- This injection mold is composed of a movable side mold plate 2 and a fixed side mold plate 3, and a resin injection part composed of a pinpoint gate 5, a runner and the like is formed on the fixed side mold plate 3 side.
- the composite 7 is molded as follows. First, the movable side mold plate 2 is opened, and the zinc-based plated steel plate piece 1 is inserted into a cavity formed between the fixed side mold plate 3. After the insertion, the movable side template 2 is closed to the state before injection in FIG. Next, the molten resin composition is injected into the inserted cavity of the zinc-based plated steel sheet piece 1 through the pinpoint gate 5.
- the resin composition When injected, the resin composition fills the cavity while being bonded to the zinc-based plated steel sheet piece 1 and is resin-molded, whereby a composite 7 in which the zinc-based plated steel sheet piece 1 and the resin molded product 4 are integrated is obtained.
- the composite 7 has a joint surface 6 between the zinc-based plated steel plate piece 1 and the resin molded product 4, and the area of the joint surface 6 is 5 mm ⁇ 10 mm. That is, the area of the joint surface 6 is 0.5 cm 2 .
- FIG. 3 is a diagram of a thermoplastic resin molded product used in an experimental example to be described later. It is the figure which showed the shape.
- FIG. 4 shows an example in which the resin molded product has a boss shape, and the shape is designed so that the center of the bottom of the boss protrudes about 0.1 mm.
- the molding may be performed by a pin gate, but as a result, it is preferable that the center of the boss protrudes by about 0.1 mm or is flat at best.
- FIG. 5 is an example of a jig for making a composite in which two bosses are fused to a zinc-based plated steel sheet piece by pressure welding.
- a resin-molded product 22 that is placed on a jig upper die 19 in advance and placed in a recess provided on the upper surface side of the heat insulating material 12 incorporated in the jig lower die 11 is a zinc-based plated steel plate piece 13 heated by a hot plate or the like.
- the jig upper die 19 is pressed against the jig lower die 11 with the runner portion cut from the boss shown in FIG.
- the two-way cock 28 is opened, and the line is connected to the vacuum pump 26 that has been driven in advance to reduce the pressure of the whole system by several mmHg.
- the molten material penetrates into the micron-order recesses on the surface of the zinc-based plated steel sheet piece 13 and further into the ultra-fine unevenness. It becomes easy to do.
- the upper jig 19 is removed from the lower jig 11 and the adhered composite 30 is released from the pressure welding jig.
- the obtained composite 30 is preferably annealed for about 1 hour.
- the annealing temperature varies depending on the melting point of the resin composition, it is preferably about 150 ° C. for PBT and polyamides, and about 170 ° C. for PPS and the like.
- FIG. 6 shows the shape of a zinc-based plated steel sheet piece 13 to be pressure-bonded, and is set in the lower jig 11 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG.
- a number of screw holes 32 are formed in the zinc-based plated steel sheet piece 13 in order to perform a tensile test.
- a composite 30 is obtained in which a zinc-based plated steel plate piece provided with a large number of screw holes 32 and a resin molded product 31 are pressure-bonded.
- FIG. 11 shows the shape of a joined body 60 obtained by joining galvanized steel sheet pieces (61, 62) with an adhesive, and is used in an experimental example to be described later.
- the zinc-plated steel plate pieces 61 and 62 are both 45 mm ⁇ 18 mm, and the bonding area (the area of the hatched portion 63 in FIG. 11) is about 0.5 to 0.6 cm 2 .
- the joined body 60 is pulled and broken, and the shear breaking force is measured.
- One side constituting the joined body 60 may be a different metal alloy instead of a zinc-based plated steel plate piece. If the metal alloy is an aluminum alloy, a magnesium alloy, a copper alloy, a titanium alloy, stainless steel, or a general steel material surface-treated based on “NAT”, a particularly strong bonding force is generated.
- FIG. 9 shows a firing jig 41 of a composite of a zinc-based plated steel plate piece and a CFRP piece.
- the shape of the composite 50 of the zinc-based plated steel plate piece 51 and the CFRP piece 52 obtained by using the firing jig 41 is shown.
- the mold main body 42 has an open upper surface, and a mold recess 43 is formed in a rectangular shape.
- a mold through hole 44 is formed at the bottom.
- the bottom plate protrusion 46 of the mold bottom plate 45 is inserted into the mold through hole 44.
- the bottom plate protrusion 46 protrudes from the mold bottom surface 47 of the mold body 42.
- the bottom surface of the mold body 42 is mounted on a mold base 48.
- the composite 50 is manufactured by the following procedure. First, a release film 57 is laid on the entire upper surface of the mold bottom plate 45.
- a zinc-based plated steel sheet piece 51 and a plate-like spacer 56 coated with an adhesive are placed on the release film 57.
- Necessary CFRP prepregs are laminated on the spacers 56 and the ends of the galvanized steel sheet pieces 51, and a space between the laminated CFRP prepregs (which become the CFRP pieces 52 after curing) and the inner wall surface of the mold body 42 is formed. Fill with spacers 53.
- a release film 54 is laid so as to cover the spacer 53 and the laminated CFRP prepreg.
- a PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene resin) PTFE block 55 is placed on the release film 54 as a weight. Further, several hundred grams of weight 58 is placed thereon. In this state, the entire firing jig is put in a hot air dryer, the CFRP prepreg is cured and allowed to cool, and then the weight 58, the base 8 and the like are removed, and the bottom plate protrusion 46 is pressed against the floor surface.
- the projecting portion 46 is pressed against the floor surface, and only the mold main body 42 is lowered, and the composite 50 in which the galvanized steel plate piece 51 and the CFRP piece 52 (cured product of CFRP prepreg) are bonded and bonded together with the release films 54 and 57. Can be taken out. Since the spacers 53 and 56 and the release films 54 and 57 are non-adhesive materials, they can be easily peeled off from the CFRP piece 52.
- melt viscosity of PPS The melt viscosity is measured under the conditions of a measurement temperature of 315 ° C and a load of 98 N (10 kgf) with a Koka-type flow tester “CFT-500 (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation)” equipped with a die having a diameter of 1 mm and a length of 2 mm Do.
- (C) Scanning probe microscope observation A scanning probe microscope was used to observe the surface of a zinc-based plated steel sheet. This microscope is a scanning probe microscope “SPM-9600 (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation)” that uses a probe with a sharp tip to move the surface of a substance so as to trace the surface state.
- SPM-9600 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation
- PPS (1) a melt viscosity of 280 poise
- the PPS (2) was obtained by further curing the PPS (1) at 250 ° C. for 3 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere.
- the resulting PPS (2) had a melt viscosity of 400 poise.
- PPS (3) obtained by curing PPS (1) obtained in Preparation Example 1 at 250 ° C. for 3 hours in an oxygen atmosphere was designated as PPS (3).
- the resulting PPS (3) had a melt viscosity of 1800 poise.
- Preparation Example 3 (Preparation of PPS Composition (3))] 7.2 kg of PPS (2) obtained in Preparation Example 1 and 0.8 kg of glycidyl methacrylate-ethylene copolymer “Bond First E” (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) were uniformly mixed in advance using a tumbler. Thereafter, in the twin screw extruder “TEM-35B”, while supplying glass fiber “RES03-TP91” having an average fiber diameter of 9 ⁇ m and a fiber length of 3 mm from the side feeder so that the addition amount becomes 20 mass%, the cylinder temperature A PPS composition (3) which was melt-kneaded at 300 ° C. and pelletized was obtained. The obtained PPS composition (3) was dried at 175 ° C. for 5 hours.
- Preparation Example 4 (Preparation of PPS Composition (4))] 4.0 kg of PPS (2) obtained in Preparation Example 1 and 4.0 kg of ethylene-acrylic acid ester-maleic anhydride terpolymer “Bondyne TX8030” were uniformly mixed in advance using a tumbler. Thereafter, in the twin screw extruder “TEM-35B”, while supplying glass fiber “RES03-TP91” having an average fiber diameter of 9 ⁇ m and a fiber length of 3 mm from the side feeder so that the addition amount becomes 20 mass%, the cylinder temperature A PPS composition (4) pelletized by melt-kneading at 300 ° C. was obtained. The obtained PPS composition (4) was dried at 175 ° C. for 5 hours.
- the average valley and valley interval RSm is 0.8 to 1.8 ⁇ m and the maximum height roughness Rz is 0.3 to 0.9 ⁇ m.
- the RSm was 0.8 to 2.3 ⁇ m, and the maximum height roughness Rz was 0.3 to 1.0 ⁇ m.
- the surface of the galvanized steel sheet piece When observed with an electron microscope, the surface of the galvanized steel sheet piece is covered with a surface with countless beautiful protrusions having a diameter of about 100 nm, and the chromate treatment layer formed on the used galvanized steel sheet is It appeared that the oil material was removed by the degreasing process, or the organic substances and polymer components contained during the chromate treatment were peeled off. That is, the surface of the galvanized steel sheet piece has first to third conditions in “new NMT” and “NAT” only by degreasing. There is no need to perform surface hardening treatment, chemical etching treatment, and fine etching treatment separately, and the surface treatment method contributes to process shortening and cost reduction in the composite manufacturing process.
- Example 2 Preparation of galvanized steel sheet pieces: Comparative example
- the same hot dip galvanized steel sheet “Z18” as used in Experimental Example 1 was cut into 18 mm ⁇ 45 mm rectangular pieces to produce a number of galvanized steel sheets.
- An aqueous solution containing 7.5% of a degreasing agent for aluminum “NE-6” was prepared in the tank, and this time, the liquid temperature was 50 ° C. lower than that of Experimental Example 1, and this aqueous solution was used as a degreasing aqueous solution.
- the galvanized steel sheet pieces were immersed in a degreasing bath for 2 minutes, washed thoroughly with ion-exchanged water, and dried for 15 minutes in a hot air dryer at 90 ° C.
- FIGS. 14 shows the planar portion observed at a magnification of 100,000 times, but the shallow irregularities appear to be seen through a projection group having a diameter of about 100 nm immediately below the plane (electron beam from an electron microscope). Can be assumed to be reflected by a hard object immediately below the upper layer. It was understood that the result of Experimental Example 1 was that the upper layer was peeled off and the crack portion that could be confirmed in FIG. That is, it was confirmed that the surface did not have the first condition of micron order roughness.
- the galvanized steel sheet pieces were immersed in a degreasing bath for 5 minutes and washed with water. Subsequently, it was immersed in a chemical conversion treatment tank for 1 minute and washed with water. This was dried at 90 ° C. for 15 minutes. In this experiment, foaming of fine hydrogen bubbles was observed during immersion in the previous chemical conversion treatment tank. This indicates that the acid is phosphoric acid and zinc is dissolved and ionized, and this chemical conversion treatment is divided into “chemical etching” and “surface hardening” (the original purpose we seek for chemical conversion treatment). I found out that it also serves.
- Example 4 Creation of galvanized steel sheet pieces
- the same hot-dip galvanized steel sheet “Z18” used in Experimental Example 1 was cut into 18 mm ⁇ 45 mm rectangular pieces to produce a number of galvanized steel sheets.
- An aqueous solution containing 7.5% of a degreasing agent “NE-6” for aluminum was prepared in a tank, and the solution temperature was 75 ° C. This aqueous solution was used as a degreasing aqueous solution.
- zinc calcium phosphate at 65 ° C. containing 1.2% orthophosphoric acid, 0.2% zinc nitrate, 0.3% calcium nitrate, and 0.2% basic nickel carbonate.
- a mold chemical treatment solution was prepared.
- the galvanized steel sheet pieces were immersed in a degreasing bath for 5 minutes and washed with water. Subsequently, it was immersed in a chemical conversion treatment tank for 1 minute and washed with water. This was dried at 90 ° C. for 15 minutes. Actually, foaming of fine hydrogen bubbles was observed in the chemical conversion treatment tank. This shows that the zinc plating layer is dissolved and ionized by phosphoric acid, and this chemical conversion treatment is “chemical etching” and “surface hardening” (the original purpose required by the present inventors for chemical conversion treatment). It turns out that he is also a person.
- the measurement results obtained by scanning the length of 20 ⁇ m 6 times with a scanning probe microscope were as follows. The mean valley interval RSm was 2.5 to 4 ⁇ m, and the maximum height roughness Rz was 0.3 to 0.8 ⁇ m.
- the surface-treated galvanized steel sheet was observed with an electron microscope and a scanning probe microscope.
- the observation results with a 10,000 ⁇ and 100,000 ⁇ electron microscope are shown in FIGS. 17 and 18.
- the indefinite polygonal flat plates with major and minor diameters of 80 to 200 nm are super fine shapes covering the entire surface while overlapping.
- the surface was rough, the average unevenness period RSm was 2.8 to 3.6 ⁇ m, and the maximum height roughness Rz was 0.4 to 1.3 ⁇ m. That is, since the first to third conditions are satisfied, there is no need to perform chemical etching and fine etching separately, and the surface treatment method contributes to shortening the process and reducing the cost in the composite manufacturing process. To do.
- Example 6 Creation of galvanized steel sheet pieces
- An experiment similar to Experimental Example 3 was performed. However, the chemical conversion treatment is different, and instead of the zinc phosphate chemical conversion treatment solution used in Example 3, 1.2% hydrated chromium nitrate is 1.2%, chromium trioxide is 0.3%, A chromate-treated aqueous solution containing 1.5% orthophosphoric acid and 0.033% basic nickel carbonate was used at 40 ° C.
- the treatment liquid of this system is a relatively recently developed solution for general steel materials (for iron alloys), and the feature is that it contains trivalent chromium and hexavalent chromium. It is considered as one of the excellent chemical conversion solutions.
- Experimental Examples 3, 4, and 5 the galvanized steel sheet pieces were degreased and washed with water, and immediately subjected to chemical conversion treatment. Since the liquid was strongly colored, the presence or absence of foaming could not be determined. After the chemical conversion treatment, it was thoroughly washed with ion exchange water and then dried at 90 ° C. for 15 minutes.
- the galvanized steel sheet pieces after the above treatment were observed with an electron microscope and a scanning probe microscope. Observation results with an electron microscope of 10,000 times and 100,000 times are shown in FIGS. It can be seen that the entire surface is covered with ultrafine irregularities with an irregular period of 10 to 200 nm. In the measurement with a scanning probe microscope, the surface was rough, the peak / valley mean spacing RSm was 1.3 to 2.5 ⁇ m, and the maximum height roughness Rz was 0.3 to 1.5 ⁇ m.
- Example 7 Creation of Galvalume Steel Sheet Piece
- a hot-dip zinc-aluminum alloy-plated steel sheet (commonly known as Galvalume steel sheet) 0.6 mm thick “GL-AZ150 (manufactured by Nisshin Steel Co., Ltd.)” is cut into 18 mm ⁇ 45 mm rectangular pieces to create a number of zinc-aluminum alloy-plated steel sheet pieces.
- An aqueous solution containing 7.5% of an aluminum degreasing agent “NE-6” was prepared in a tank and the temperature was set to 60 ° C., and this aqueous solution was used as a degreasing aqueous solution.
- a 1.5% strength aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was prepared at 40 ° C., and this was used as an aqueous solution for preliminary base washing.
- An aqueous solution containing 5% sulfuric acid was set to 50 ° C., and this was used as an etching solution.
- 1% ammonia water having a temperature of 25 ° C. was prepared for neutralization in another tank.
- another tank contains 1.5% 80% orthophosphoric acid at 55 ° C., 0.21% zinc white, 0.16% sodium silicofluoride, and 0.23% basic nickel carbonate.
- a zinc phosphate type chemical conversion treatment solution was prepared.
- the zinc-aluminum alloy-plated steel plate was immersed in a degreasing bath for 5 minutes and washed with water. Subsequently, it was immersed in a preliminary base washing tank for 1 minute and washed with water. Subsequently, it was immersed in the etching tank for 1 minute and washed with water. Subsequently, it was immersed in the neutralization tank for 1 minute and washed with water. Subsequently, it was immersed in the chemical conversion treatment layer for 1 minute and washed with water. This was dried at 90 ° C. for 15 minutes to finish the surface treatment.
- Example 8 Injection joining
- the galvanized steel sheet piece surface-treated in Experimental Example 6 was taken out and picked with a glove so as to prevent oil or the like from adhering thereto and inserted into an injection mold.
- the mold was closed and the PPS composition (1) obtained in Preparation Example 1 was injected at an injection temperature of 310 ° C.
- the mold temperature was 140 ° C.
- 20 composites having the shape shown in FIG. 2 were obtained.
- the sample was put into a hot air dryer at 170 ° C. for 1 hour for annealing, and a tensile test was conducted one day later. As a result, the average shear breaking strength was 21.8 MPa.
- Example 10 Injection joining Except for using the PPS composition (3) obtained in Preparation Example 3 instead of the PPS composition (1) obtained in Preparation Example 1, the same experiment as in Experimental Example 8 was performed. That is, the galvanized steel sheet piece surface-treated in Experimental Example 6 was used and injection joined to obtain a composite. The obtained composite was annealed at 170 ° C. for 1 hour on the day of molding, and two days later, the shear fracture strength of this composite was measured with a tensile tester. The average was 20.0 MPa. It was.
- Example 12 Injection joining
- Injection bonding was performed using the PBT composition (1) obtained in Preparation Example 5 and the galvanized steel sheet pieces surface-treated in Experimental Example 6. That is, a galvanized steel sheet piece was inserted into an injection mold. The mold was closed and the PBT composition (1) obtained in Preparation Example 5 was injected at an injection temperature of 280 ° C. The mold temperature was 140 ° C.
- 20 composites shown in FIG. 2 were obtained.
- This composite was annealed on a molding day in a hot air dryer at 150 ° C. for 1 hour, and the shear breaking force was measured using a tensile tester one day later. It was 19.0 MPa.
- Example 13 Injection joining: Comparative example
- a commercially available PBT resin “Torcon 1101G30 (manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.)” containing 30% glass fiber was used in exactly the same manner as in Experimental Example 12. Injection bonding was performed to obtain a composite. The resulting composite was annealed at 150 ° C. for 1 hour.
- a tensile tester was used to measure the shear breaking force. As a result, the average shear breaking force was as small as 9.2 MPa, and did not significantly exceed Experimental Example 12.
- Example 14 Injection joining
- the PBT composition (2) obtained in Preparation Example 6 was used, except that injection joining was performed in the same manner as in Experimental Example 12 to obtain a composite.
- the obtained composite was annealed at 150 ° C. for 1 hour on the molding day. Two days later, the composite was measured for shear breaking strength using a tensile tester, and as a result, the average was 18.7 MPa.
- Example 16 injection joining: comparative example
- the galvanized steel sheet piece surface-treated in Experimental Example 2 was taken out and picked with a glove so as not to adhere oil or the like, and inserted into an injection mold.
- the mold was closed and the PPS composition (1) obtained in Preparation Example 1 was injected at an injection temperature of 310 ° C.
- the mold temperature was 140 ° C. That is, injection joining was performed in exactly the same manner as in Experimental Example 8 except that the galvanized steel sheet piece used was not the surface treated in Experimental Example 6 but the surface treated in Experimental Example 2.
- the composite obtained by this injection joining was annealed by placing it in a hot air dryer at 170 ° C. for 1 hour, and one day later, using a tensile tester and measuring the shear breaking force, the average shear breaking force was found.
- Example 17 Injection joining
- the PPS composition (1) was injection-bonded in exactly the same manner as in Experimental Example 8 except that the galvanized steel sheet piece surface-treated in Experimental Example 1 was used. did.
- the composite obtained by this injection joining was annealed by placing it in a hot air dryer at 170 ° C. for 1 hour, and one day later, using a tensile tester and measuring the shear breaking force, the average shear breaking force was found. Was 18.8 MPa.
- Example 18 Injection joining
- the PPS composition (1) was injection-bonded in the same manner as in Experimental Example 8 except that the galvanized steel sheet piece surface-treated in Experimental Example 3 was used instead of the galvanized steel sheet piece surface-treated in Experimental Example 6. did.
- the composite obtained by this injection joining was annealed by placing it in a hot air dryer at 170 ° C. for 1 hour, and one day later, using a tensile tester and measuring the shear breaking force, the average shear breaking force was found. Was 22.5 MPa.
- Example 19 Injection joining
- the PPS composition (1) was injection-bonded in exactly the same manner as in Experimental Example 8, except that the galvanized steel sheet piece surface-treated in Experimental Example 4 was used instead of the galvanized steel sheet piece surface-treated in Experimental Example 6. did.
- the composite obtained by this injection joining was annealed by placing it in a hot air dryer at 170 ° C. for 1 hour, and one day later, using a tensile tester and measuring the shear breaking force, the average shear breaking force was found. Was 21.5 MPa.
- Example 20 Injection joining
- the PPS composition (1) was injection-bonded in exactly the same manner as in Experimental Example 8 except that the galvanized steel sheet piece surface-treated in Experimental Example 5 was used instead of the galvanized steel sheet piece surface-treated in Experimental Example 6. did.
- the composite obtained by this injection joining was annealed by placing it in a hot air dryer at 170 ° C. for 1 hour, and one day later, using a tensile tester and measuring the shear breaking force, the average shear breaking force was found. Was 19.5 MPa.
- Example 21 Injection joining
- the PPS composition (1) was prepared in exactly the same manner as in Experimental Example 8 except that the galvanized steel sheet steel sheet surface-treated in Experimental Example 7 was used. Injection joined.
- the composite obtained by this injection joining was annealed by placing it in a hot air dryer at 170 ° C. for 1 hour, and one day later, using a tensile tester and measuring the shear breaking force, the average shear breaking force was found. Was 24.8 MPa.
- Example 22 Injection joining
- the zinc-aluminum alloy-plated steel plate surface-treated in Experimental Example 7 was taken out and picked with gloves so as not to attach oil or the like, and inserted into an injection mold.
- the mold was closed and the PBT composition (1) obtained in Preparation Example 5 was injected at an injection temperature of 280 ° C.
- the mold temperature was 140 ° C.
- 20 composites shown in FIG. 2 were obtained.
- the composite was annealed by putting it in a hot air dryer at 150 ° C. for 1 hour on the day of molding, and one day later, using a tensile tester and measuring the shear breaking force, the average shear breaking force was 23. It was 8 MPa.
- Example 23 injection joining: comparative example
- the molten zinc-aluminum alloy plated steel sheet “GL-AZ150” used in Experimental Example 7 was cut into 18 mm ⁇ 45 mm rectangular pieces to produce a number of zinc-aluminum alloy plated steel sheet pieces. These zinc-aluminum alloy-plated steel sheet pieces are immersed in an aqueous solution containing 7.5% of a degreasing agent “NE-6” for aluminum at 65 ° C. for 7 minutes and washed with water.
- the PBT composition (1) was injected in exactly the same manner as in Experimental Example 20, except that instead of the galvanized steel sheet piece surface-treated in Experimental Example 5, this galvanized steel sheet was subjected to only the degreasing treatment. Joined.
- the composite obtained by this injection joining was annealed at 150 ° C. for 1 hour. After one day, an attempt was made to measure the shear breaking strength of ten of these composites using a tensile tester. However, 7 pieces were broken during the operation of attaching to the pulling jig, and the average shear breaking force of the remaining 3 pieces was extremely weak at 2.1 MPa.
- Example 25 Pressure Fusion Experiment
- the injection molded product 22 created in Experimental Example 24 was fitted into the heat insulating material 20 of the upper jig 19 of the jig system of FIG.
- a 0.4 mm thick hot-dip galvanized steel sheet used in Experimental Example 6 was cut into 40 mm ⁇ 60 mm to obtain a galvanized steel sheet piece having the shape shown in FIG.
- the galvanized steel sheet was subjected to the same surface treatment as in Experimental Example 6.
- the galvanized steel sheet piece after the surface treatment was heated with a hot plate, pinched with tweezers, and set in the recess of the heat insulating material 12 of the lower jig 11 shown in FIG.
- the vacuum pump 26 was driven, the upper jig 19 and the lower jig 11 were pressed, and the two-way cock 28 was opened. After a few seconds to 5 seconds, the inside becomes about several mmHg, and the bottom of the resin molded product 22 is also melted. Therefore, the four-way cock 27 is rotated 90 degrees to return the system to normal pressure.
- Example 26 Pressure Fusion Experiment: Comparative Example
- a 0.4 mm-thick hot-dip galvanized steel sheet used in Experimental Example 6 was cut into 40 mm ⁇ 60 mm to obtain a galvanized steel sheet piece having the shape shown in FIG.
- This galvanized steel sheet was subjected to the same surface treatment as in Experimental Example 2. That is, only light degreasing was performed.
- the same pressure fusion test as in Experimental Example 25 was performed.
- the results are shown in Table 1 (“Experimental example 26”).
- the galvanized steel sheet piece and the resin molded product were not joined or the joining force was extremely weak, and all of the five types broke at 30 kgf or less.
- This fixed product was put into a hot air dryer and heated. That is, it was kept at 100 ° C. for 1 hour, heated to 135 ° C. and kept for 40 minutes, then further heated to 165 ° C. and kept at this temperature for 30 minutes. Furthermore, it stood to cool, and the obtained bonded body was fractured by a tensile tester after one week, and the average shear breaking strength was measured. The results are shown in Table 2. All showed very strong adhesive force of about 40 MPa.
- Example 28 Adhesion: Comparative Example
- Exactly the same experiment as in Experimental Example 27 was performed except that the galvanized steel sheet piece subjected to the surface treatment in Experimental Example 2 was used.
- the measured shear breaking force is shown in Table 2.
- the shear breaking force in this experimental example was 25 MPa, and the adhesive force was inferior to any of experimental example 27. It was confirmed that the bonding force was improved by solidifying the epoxy adhesive into the unevenness and superfine unevenness of the micron order roughness.
- This fixed product was put into a hot air dryer and heated. The temperature was raised to 135 ° C. for 40 minutes, then further heated to 165 ° C. and kept at this temperature for 30 minutes. Further, after allowing to cool, the obtained bonded body was broken by a tensile tester after one week, and the average shear breaking strength was measured. As a result, the average of three pairs was 41 MPa, indicating a very strong adhesive force.
- Example 30 Adhesion: Comparative Example
- a hot-dip zinc-aluminum alloy-plated steel sheet (commonly called galvalume steel sheet) “GL-AZ150” having a thickness of 0.6 mm was cut into 18 mm ⁇ 45 mm rectangular pieces to produce a number of zinc-aluminum alloy-plated steel plate pieces. This was immersed in the same degreasing tank used in Experimental Example 5 for 5 minutes, thoroughly washed with water, and then dried at 90 ° C. for 15 minutes.
- Epoxy adhesive “EP106” was applied to the end of the zinc-aluminum alloy-plated steel sheet piece subjected to only the degreasing treatment, and placed in a desiccator.
- the internal pressure was reduced to 3 mmHg by reducing the pressure with a vacuum pump. The pressure was reduced for 2 minutes and the pressure was returned to normal pressure. This operation of depressurization / return to normal pressure was performed three times in total, and a zinc aluminum alloy plated steel sheet piece was taken out from the desiccator. The extracted zinc-aluminum alloy plated steel plate pieces were bonded to each other, that is, the shape shown in FIG. The adhesion area was 0.6 to 0.7 cm 2 . This fixed product was put into a hot air dryer and heated. The temperature was raised to 135 ° C. for 40 minutes, then further heated to 165 ° C. and kept at this temperature for 30 minutes.
- the obtained joined body was ruptured by a tensile tester after one week and the average shear breaking strength was measured. As a result, the average of three pairs was 28 MPa, indicating a strong adhesive force. Was not big. It was confirmed that the bonding force was improved by solidifying the epoxy adhesive into the unevenness and superfine unevenness of the micron order roughness.
- thermosetting resin composed of the components shown in Table 3 was mixed at room temperature and formed into a sheet with a roll.
- the obtained thermal tree curable resin film was set in a prepreg machine and pressed under pressure from both sides of a carbon fiber “T-300 (manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.)” aligned in one direction as a reinforcing fiber under pressure.
- a CFRP prepreg adjusted to a resin content of 38% was obtained.
- the fiber basis weight was 190 g / m 2 .
- T-300 On this “T-300”, apply the epoxy adhesive “EP-106” from the syringe, lay the second “T-300” on top of it, and apply the same adhesive on it. Lay 3rd level “T-300” on top and apply the same adhesive. Thus, it was set as the state (it shows as 52 in FIG. 9) in which the three carbon fibers infiltrated with the epoxy adhesive overlapped in layers.
- the adhesive “EP-106” used was about 1 cc.
- the space between the carbon fiber laminated in this way and the inner wall surface of the mold body 42 is filled with the spacer 53.
- a release film 54 is laid so as to cover the spacers 53 and the laminated carbon fibers.
- a PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene resin) PTFE block 55 is placed on the release film 54 as a weight. Further, a 0.5 kg weight 58 is placed thereon.
- the entire firing jig was placed in a hot air dryer. Then, the dryer was energized and heated to 100 ° C. for 1 hour, then heated to 135 ° C. and heated for 40 minutes, further heated to 165 ° C. over 5 minutes, held at 165 ° C. for 1 hour, Further, the temperature was raised to 180 ° C. and left for 20 minutes. The next day, the composite 50 of galvanized steel sheet pieces and CFRP pieces was released from the dryer. The same operation was repeated to obtain 4 sets of complex 50.
- the shear strength was measured using a tensile tester for the four sets of composites obtained.
- the CFRP portion was sandwiched between two 1 mm thick SUS304 stainless steel pieces that were sanded and fixed by sandwiching them with a chuck plate.
- the average shear strength of the four groups was 35 MPa, which was very strong.
- the space between the CFRP prepreg laminated in this way and the inner wall surface of the mold body 42 is filled with the spacer 53.
- a release film 54 is laid so as to cover the spacer 53 and the laminated CFRP prepreg.
- a PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene resin) PTFE block 55 is placed on the release film 54 as a weight. Further, a 0.5 kg weight 58 is placed thereon.
- the entire firing jig was placed in a hot air dryer. Energize the dryer and raise the temperature to 100 ° C. for 1 hour, then raise the temperature to 135 ° C. and heat for 1 hour, further raise the temperature to 165 ° C. for 1 hour, further raise the temperature to 180 ° C. for 20 minutes.
- the shear strength was measured using a tensile tester for the four sets of composites obtained.
- the CFRP portion was sandwiched between two 1 mm thick SUS304 stainless steel pieces that were sanded and fixed by sandwiching them with a chuck plate.
- the average shear strength of the four groups was 33 MPa, which was very strong.
- This operation of depressurization / return to normal pressure was performed three times in total, and the galvanized steel sheet piece was taken out from the desiccator.
- the galvanized steel sheet pieces taken out were bonded to each other, that is, the shape shown in FIG.
- the adhesion area was 0.6 to 0.7 cm 2 .
- This fixed product was put into a hot air dryer and heated. The temperature was raised to 90 ° C. for 1 hour, then further heated to 120 ° C. and kept at this temperature for 1 hour. Further, after allowing to cool, the obtained bonded body was broken by a tensile tester after one week, and the average shear breaking strength was measured. As a result, it was 27 MPa, which was very strong.
- the present invention is a technique for firmly bonding a galvanized steel sheet, which has good corrosion resistance and post-workability, and is used as a general building material, to a resin molded product, FRP, and a metal alloy.
- the composite of a zinc-based plated steel sheet and an adherend according to the present invention and a manufacturing method thereof are particularly useful techniques in the field of building materials.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明者らは、アミン系化合物の金属合金表面への化学吸着なしに、要するに特段の発熱反応や何らかの化学反応の助力を得ることなしに、射出接合が可能な条件を発見した。即ち、アルミニウム合金以外の金属合金についても、その金属合金と熱可塑性樹脂を射出接合によって強固に接合することができる条件を発見し、この条件に基づく射出接合のメカニズムを「新NMT(Nano molding technologyの略)」と称した。
第1の条件は、金属合金表面が、化学エッチング手法によって1~10μm周期の凹凸で、その凹凸高低差がその周期の半分程度まで、即ち0.5~5μmまでの粗い粗面になっていることである。ただし、実際には、前記粗面で正確に全表面を覆うことはバラツキがあり、一定しない化学反応では難しく、具体的には、粗度計で見た場合に0.2~20μm範囲の不定期な周期の凹凸で、且つその最大高低差が0.2~5μmの範囲である粗度曲線が描けること、又は、最新型のダイナミックモード型の走査型プローブ顕微鏡で走査して、JIS規格(JISB0601:2001)でいう平均周期、即ち山谷平均間隔(RSm)が0.8~10μm、最大高さ粗さ(Rz)が0.2~5μmである粗度面であれば、前記で示した粗度条件を実質的に満たしたものと考えている。本発明者等は、理想とする粗面の凹凸周期が前記したように、ほぼ1~10μmであるので、分かり易い言葉として「ミクロンオーダーの粗度を有する表面」と称した。
次に、樹脂側の条件を説明する。樹脂としては、硬質の高結晶性の熱可塑性樹脂であって、これに適切な別ポリマーをコンパウンドする等して、急冷時での結晶化速度を遅くした物が使用できる。実際には、結晶性の硬質樹脂であるPBTやPPSに適切な別ポリマー及びガラス繊維等をコンパウンドした樹脂組成物が使用できる。
上記金属合金及び樹脂を使用して、一般の射出成形機、射出成形金型によって射出接合できるが、この過程を前述の「新NMT」に従って説明する。射出した溶融樹脂は、融点よりも150℃程度温度が低い金型内に導かれるが、この流路で冷やされ、融点以下の温度になっているとみられる。即ち、溶融した結晶性樹脂が急冷された場合、融点以下になったとしてもゼロ時間で結晶が生じ固体に変化することはない。要するに、融点以下ながら溶融している状態、即ち過冷却状態がごく短時間存在する。前述したように、PBTやPPSに特殊なコンパウンドを行うことによって、この過冷却時間を少し長くすることが可能である。これを利用して大量の微結晶が生じることによる粘度の急上昇が起こる前に、ミクロンオーダーの粗度を有する金属表面の凹部にその微結晶が侵入できるようにした。侵入後も冷え続けるので、これに伴い微結晶の数が急激に増えて粘度は急上昇する。しかし、凹部の奥底まで樹脂が到達できるか否かは凹部の大きさや形状にも依存する。
本発明者らは、接着剤接合に関しても「新NMT」が応用できると考え、類似理論による高強度の接着が可能であるかを確認した。そして、市販の汎用の1液性エポキシ系接着剤を使用し、金属合金の表面構造を工夫することで、より接着力の高い接合体を得ようと試みた。
[1.亜鉛系鍍金鋼板]
本発明の亜鉛系鍍金鋼板には、溶融亜鉛鍍金鋼板、合金化溶融亜鉛鍍金鋼板、電気亜鉛鍍金鋼板、電気亜鉛鍍金鋼材、溶融亜鉛アルミニウム合金鍍金鋼板(例えば、溶融Zn-55%Al合金鍍金鋼板のガルバリウム鋼板、他に溶融Zn―11%Al―3%Mg合金鍍金鋼板などがある)が含まれる。実際に流通しているのは前記した亜鉛系鍍金鋼板に各種の化成処理や後処理をした物が大部分である。即ち、前記素材群は、主として表面亜鉛の酸化や炭酸化物皮膜による内部保護作用と、これが破られた場合も亜鉛自身の犠牲腐食作用があって芯部鋼材の腐食を遅らせることが出来る優れた耐食性鋼材である。しかし、これらがそのまま使用されることは少なく、多くはクロメート処理やノンクロメート処理等の化成処理か又はクロム系化合物を含んだ有機物塗膜が塗布されるなどされており、亜鉛鍍金層自体を保護している。そして化成処理された亜鉛系鍍金鋼板の多くは、油剤を塗布されてプレス加工時の潤滑性を確保した鋼材となっている。要するに、用途や二次加工ユーザーの要望によって種々の表面処理品が大手素材メーカーから供給されている。又、亜鉛系鍍金鋼板メーカー自身が塗装まで行ってカラー鋼板やカラートタンというプレコート鋼板まで製造し市販している物も多い。
通常、「新NMT」「NAT」理論に従う金属合金を得るには、即ち、前述した(1)~(3)の条件を満足する表面にするには、基本的に、a.脱脂、b.化学エッチング、c.微細エッチング、d.表面硬化の4工程を経る。使用する金属合金種により、前記4工程のうち、「a.脱脂」が省略される場合もあるし、「b.化学エッチング」が「c.微細エッチング」を兼ねる場合もあるし、「b.化学エッチング」が「c.微細エッチング」も「d.表面硬化」も兼ねる場合もある。又、その逆に、「d.表面硬化」として行う化成処理が「b.化学エッチング」「c.微細エッチング」を兼ねる場合もある。何れにしても、本発明者らが実施した化学処理法の基本は、各工程の目的を考えながら「a」~「d」の具体的方法を考察して実施し、その評価をし、結果的に省略可能な工程があれば省略するというやり方で工程を詰めるものであった。
この樹脂組成物は、射出成形により、前記亜鉛系鍍金鋼板に直接的に接合される。結晶性の樹脂であるPBTを主成分とする第1樹脂組成物、PPSを主成分とする第2樹脂組成物、又は、芳香族ポリアミドを主成分とする第3樹脂組成物をいう。この第1樹脂組成物の樹脂分は、PBTを主成分としポリエチレンテレフタレート(以下「PET」という)及び/又はポリオレフィン系樹脂を従成分とする樹脂組成物である。また、第2樹脂組成物の樹脂分はPPSを主成分としポリオレフィン系樹脂を従成分とする樹脂組成物である。又、第3樹脂組成物の樹脂分は、芳香族ポリアミドを主成分とし脂肪族ポリアミドを従成分とする樹脂組成物である。
本発明に係る複合体製造方法は、金属合金を金型にインサートした上で行う射出成形法であり、以下のように行う。射出成形用金型を用意し、その金型に亜鉛系鍍金鋼板からなる形状物をインサートし、金型を閉じ、改良したPBT、改良したPPS、又は改良した芳香族ポリアミド系の熱可塑性樹脂組成物を射出し、固化した後に金型を開き離型することにより複合体の製造を行う。
前述した表面処理を施した亜鉛系鍍金鋼板は、表面処理前と比較して鍍金層が薄くなっており、その上に化成皮膜層が形成されている。この様な鋼板を射出成形金型にインサートして射出接合した場合、鋼板が金型に挟まれて搾られ曲がることも十分あるので、そのようなとき、化成皮膜層が割れ、且つ、鍍金層が引き伸ばされて更に薄くなる可能性がある。それ故、射出接合により得られた複合体については、一体化後に再度の化成処理をするのも好ましい。短時間で複合体に対して再度の化成処理を行い、早急に乾燥すれば接合力を減じることは少ない。
圧融着用の樹脂組成物は、硬質の高結晶性樹脂を主成分とする樹脂組成物が使用できる。「新NMT」での圧融着では、樹脂種としてPBT、PPS、芳香族ポリアミド、脂肪族ポリアミド、液晶ポリマー、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン(以下、「PEEK」という)、等が使用できるとしているが、PEEKについては融点が400℃近くと高すぎて亜鉛系鍍金鋼板での圧融着には好ましくない。亜鉛の融点に近いからである。又、前述した射出接合用の熱可塑性樹脂、即ち射出接合用に改良したPBT、PPS、芳香族ポリアミド系の樹脂も勿論使用できる。要するに、前述した射出接合用の熱可塑性樹脂よりも範囲が広く、硬質の高結晶性樹脂であれば使用できる。特に、その融点が高過ぎないことから、PBT、PPS、ポリアミド樹脂等が好ましい。
圧融着による複合体製造法に使用する樹脂組成物の樹脂分は硬質の高結晶性樹脂であって、具体的には、PBT、PPS、芳香族ポリアミド、脂肪族ポリアミド、又は液晶ポリマー等が好ましい。射出接合で好適に使用できるとした、改良したPBT、改良したPPS、及び改良した芳香族ポリアミド系の樹脂組成物もこれらの範疇に入り、勿論使用に好ましい。ガラス繊維、その他の充填材をコンパウンドして樹脂組成物とし、これを原料にして射出成形機にかけて樹脂成形品をまず製作する。
塗布時に液状であり、且つ巨大分子(ゲル化分子)が少ない熱硬化型接着剤が「NAT」理論における接合で望まれるものである。更に具体面から言えば、金属合金(亜鉛系鍍金鋼材)表面上の数μm周期の凹部に侵入し、更にその凹部内に存在する数十nm周期の超微細凹凸の隙間にもある程度侵入しなければならない。それ故、後述する減圧/常圧戻しのサイクルを加える際に、液の粘度は高くとも20Pa秒以下であり、好ましくは十数Pa秒以下であることを要する。
一方、2液性熱硬化型接着剤を前述の表面処理をした金属合金に使用する場合、接合力は向上するものの、殆どは明確な効果は奏しない。2液性接着剤では主液に硬化剤成分を加えて混合した瞬間からゲル化が始まるものが殆どで、ゲル化が進むと(2)超微細凹凸の隙間に樹脂成分の侵入が少なくなる。要するに、2液性接着剤を使用した場合は、硬化剤を混合した後の経過時間によって接着力が変化することが多く、安定性や再現性に劣ることがあるのが好ましくない。ただし、前述したように、一般的には2液性接着剤とされている酸無水物を硬化剤とするエポキシ系接着剤であっても、ゲル化が始まるまでの時間が一定時間あり、且つゲル化温度が高い場合は使用に好ましい。このような接着剤は実質的には1液性接着剤と同じ扱いになる。
上述したように、エポキシ系、フェノール系、及び不飽和ポリエステル系の接着剤が好ましく使用できる。エポキシ系、フェノール系の双方は優れた接着能を有する物が多数市販されている。塗布時に液体であることが必要である。常温で固体状である高粘度接着剤も50~80℃にすれば十数Pa秒の液体と言えるレベルの粘度にまで下がる。このような現象を利用するのが好ましい。このような高粘度の接着剤として代表的なものはエポキシ系接着剤であるので、エポキシ系接着剤を使用するときの要点について述べる。
本発明は、亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と被着材(金属合金又は樹脂成形品若しくはFRP)を強固に接合する技術であり、種々の分野に適用可能である。具体的には建材、屋外機器、建設機械部品、一般機械の部品製造等に適する技術であり、これらの製造において新しい設計方法を可能とする。本発明は亜鉛系鍍金鋼板に係る部品製造の基礎技術となりうるものであり、応用分野は上記以外にも存在すると考えられ、各種部品の性能向上、生産性向上に寄与するものである。
[射出接合の方法]
図1及び図2は熱可塑性樹脂の射出接合に関する図であり、図1は、後述する実験例で使用する射出成形金型の断面を模式的に示した断面図である。図1は、金型が閉じ射出成形される状態を示している。図2は、亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と射出成形金型で成形された樹脂成形品からなる複合体7の外観を示す外観図である。この射出成形金型は、可動側型板2と固定側型板3で構成され、固定側型板3側にピンポイントゲート5、ランナー等からなる樹脂射出部が構成されている。
図3、図4、図5、図6、図7は亜鉛系鍍金鋼板片と樹脂成形品の圧融着に関する図であり、図3は後述する実験例で使用する熱可塑性樹脂の成形品の形状を示した図である。図4は、前記樹脂成形品がボス形状の場合であって、ボス底部中央が0.1mm程度外に突き出した形状になるように形状設計した例を示している。要するに、充填型ボス形状品を射出成形すると、樹脂組成物の成形収縮によって必ずボス底部の中央がへこむ。底のへこんだ物は圧融着に望ましくない為、底中央部が突き出るように予め設計すべきことを示したものである。図4のように成形はピンゲートによって為されてよいが、結果的に、ボス底中央が0.1mm程度張り出しているか又は悪くとも平面であることが好ましい。
図11は、亜鉛系鍍金鋼板片同士(61、62)を接着剤で接合することにより得られた接合体60の形状を示したものであり、後述する実験例で使用するものである。亜鉛系鍍金鋼板片61、62は、いずれも45mm×18mmであり、接着面積(図11中の斜線部分63の面積)は0.5~0.6cm2程度である。この接合体60を引っ張り破断し、せん断破断力を測定する。接合体60を構成する片方を亜鉛系鍍金鋼板片ではなく、異なる金属合金としても良い。その金属合金が、「NAT」に基づいて表面処理されたアルミニウム合金、マグネシウム合金、銅合金、チタン合金、ステンレス鋼、又は一般鋼材であれば、特に強力な接合力を生じる。
図9に、亜鉛系鍍金鋼板片とCFRP片の複合体の焼成治具41を示す。図10には、焼成治具41の使用により得られる亜鉛系鍍金鋼板片51とCFRP片52の複合体50の形状を示す。焼成治具41において、金型本体42は、上面が開放されており長方体状に金型凹部43が形成されている。この底部には金型貫通孔44が形成されている。
[PPSの溶融粘度測定]
直径1mm、長さ2mmのダイスを装着した高化式フローテスター「CFT-500(株式会社 島津製作所製)」にて、測定温度315℃、荷重98N(10kgf)の条件下で溶融粘度の測定を行う。
(a)X線光電子分析装置によるXPS観察
試料にX線を照射することによって試料から放出してくる光電子のエネルギーを分析し、 元素の定性分析等を行う光電子分析装置を用いて亜鉛系鍍金鋼板表面の分析を行った(XPS観察)。この光電子分析装置は、数μm径の表面を深さ数nmまでの範囲で観察する形式の「AXIS-Nova」(クレイトス/株式会社 島津製作所製)を使用した。
亜鉛系鍍金鋼板の表面観察のために電子顕微鏡を用いた。この電子顕微鏡は、走査型(SEM)の電子顕微鏡「S-4800」(株式会社 日立製作所製)」及び「JSM-6700F」(日本電子株式会社製)を使用し、1~2KVにて観察した。
亜鉛系鍍金鋼板の表面観察のために走査型プローブ顕微鏡を用いた。この顕微鏡は、先端を尖らせた探針を用いて、物質の表面をなぞるように動かして表面状態を拡大観察する走査型プローブ顕微鏡「SPM-9600(株式会社 島津製作所製)」である。
引っ張り試験機で複合体を引っ張ってせん断力を付加し、複合体が破断するときの破断力をせん断破断力として測定した。引っ張り試験機として「MODEL-1323(アイコーエンジニアリング株式会社(日本国)製)」を使用し、引っ張り速度10mm/分でせん断破断力を測定した。
攪拌機を装備する50リットルオートクレーブに、硫化ナトリウム(九水和物)Na2S・9H2Oを6214g及びN-メチル-2-ピロリドンを17000g仕込み、窒素気流下で攪拌しながら徐々に205℃まで昇温して、1355gの水を留去した。この系を140℃まで冷却した後、p-ジクロロベンゼンを7160g及びN-メチル-2-ピロリドンを5000g添加し、窒素気流下に系を封入した。この系を2時間かけて225℃に昇温し、225℃にて2時間重合させた後、30分かけて250℃に昇温し、さらに250℃にて3時間重合を行った。重合終了後、室温まで冷却しポリマーを遠心分離機により分離した。分離後の固形分について温水でポリマーを繰り返し洗浄し、100℃で一昼夜乾燥することにより、溶融粘度が280ポイズのPPS(以下、PPS(1)と記す。)を得た。
調整例1で得られたPPS(1)を、酸素雰囲気下250℃で3時間硬化させたものをPPS(3)とした。得られたPPS(3)の溶融粘度は、1800ポイズであった。
調整例1で得られたPPS(2)7.2kgとグリシジルメタクリレート-エチレン共重合体「ボンドファーストE(住友化学株式会社製)」0.8kgをあらかじめタンブラーにて均一に混合した。その後、二軸押出機「TEM-35B」にて、平均繊維径9μm、繊維長3mmのガラス繊維「RES03-TP91」をサイドフィーダーから添加量が20質量%となるように供給しながら、シリンダー温度300℃で溶融混練してペレット化したPPS組成物(3)を得た。得られたPPS組成物(3)を175℃で5時間乾燥した。
調整例1で得られたPPS(2)4.0kgとエチレン-アクリル酸エステル-無水マレイン酸三元共重合体「ボンダインTX8030」4.0Kgをあらかじめタンブラーにて均一に混合した。その後、二軸押出機「TEM-35B」にて、平均繊維径9μm、繊維長3mmのガラス繊維「RES03-TP91」をサイドフィーダーから添加量が20質量%となるように供給しながら、シリンダー温度300℃で溶融混練してペレット化したPPS組成物(4)を得た。得られたPPS組成物(4)を175℃で5時間乾燥した。
PBT樹脂「トレコン1100S(東レ株式会社製)」4.5KgとPET樹脂「TR-4550BH(帝人化成株式会社製)」0.5Kgをタンブラーにて均一に混合した。その後、二軸押出機「TEM-35B」にて、平均繊維径9μm、繊維長3mmのガラス繊維「RES03-TP91」をサイドフィーダーから添加量が30質量%となるように供給しながら、シリンダー温度270℃で溶融混練し、ペレット化したPBT系樹脂組成物を得た。これを140℃で3時間乾燥したものをPBT組成物(1)とした。
PBT樹脂「トレコン1401X31(東レ株式会社製)」6.0kgとエチレン-アクリル酸エステル-無水マレイン酸三元共重合体「ボンダインTX8030」0.7Kg、エポキシ樹脂「エピコート1004」0.15kgをあらかじめタンブラーにて均一に混合した。その後、二軸押出機「TEM-35B」にて、平均繊維径9μm、繊維長3mmのガラス繊維「RES03-TP91」をサイドフィーダーから添加量が30質量%となるように供給しながら、シリンダー温度270℃で溶融混練してペレット化したPBT組成物(2)を得た。得られたPBT組成物(2)を150℃で5時間乾燥した。
PBT樹脂「トレコン1401X31」6.0kgとPET樹脂「TR-4550BH」0.5Kg、エチレン-アクリル酸エステル-無水マレイン酸三元共重合体「ボンダインTX8030」0.5Kg、エポキシ樹脂「エピコート1004」0.1kgをあらかじめタンブラーにて均一に混合した。その後、二軸押出機「TEM-35B」にて、平均繊維径9μm、繊維長3mmのガラス繊維「RES03-TP91」をサイドフィーダーから添加量が30質量%となるように供給しながら、シリンダー温度270℃で溶融混練してペレット化したPBT組成物(3)を得た。得られたPBT組成物(3)を150℃で5時間乾燥した。
0.4mm厚の油剤塗布及びクロメート処理済み溶融亜鉛鍍金鋼板「Z18(日鐵住金建材株式会社製)」を入手し、これを18mm×45mmの長方形片に切断し、多数の亜鉛鍍金鋼板片を作成した。槽にアルミニウム用脱脂剤「NE-6(メルテックス株式会社製)」7.5%を含む水溶液を用意して液温75℃とし、この水溶液を脱脂用水溶液とした。亜鉛鍍金鋼板片5個を脱脂槽で7分浸漬し、イオン交換水で十分に水洗し、90℃とした熱風乾燥機内に15分置いて乾燥した。
実験例1で使用したものと同じ溶融亜鉛鍍金鋼板「Z18」を18mm×45mmの長方形片に切断し、多数の亜鉛鍍金鋼板片を作成した。槽にアルミニウム用脱脂剤「NE-6」7.5%を含む水溶液を用意し、今回は実験例1より液温が低い50℃とし、この水溶液を脱脂用水溶液とした。亜鉛鍍金鋼板片を脱脂槽に2分浸漬し、イオン交換水でよく水洗し、90℃の熱風乾燥機にて15分置き乾燥した。
実験例1で使用したものと同じ溶融亜鉛鍍金鋼板「Z18」を18mm×45mmの長方形片に切断し、多数の亜鉛鍍金鋼板片を作成した。槽にアルミ用脱脂剤「NE-6」7.5%を含む水溶液を用意して液温75℃とし、この水溶液を脱脂用水溶液とした。また別の槽に、55℃とした正リン酸を1.2%、亜鉛華を0.21%、珪弗化ナトリウムを0.16%、及び塩基性炭酸ニッケルを0.23%含むリン酸亜鉛型化成処理液を用意した。
実験例1で使用したのと同じ溶融亜鉛鍍金鋼板「Z18」を18mm×45mmの長方形片に切断し、多数の亜鉛鍍金鋼板片を作成した。槽にアルミ用脱脂剤「NE-6」7.5%を含む水溶液を用意して液温75℃とし、この水溶液を脱脂用水溶液とした。また別の槽に、正リン酸を1.2%、硝酸亜鉛を0.2%、硝酸カルシウムを0.3%、及び塩基性炭酸ニッケルを0.2%含む65℃としたリン酸亜鉛カルシウム型化成処理液を用意した。
実験例4と同様の実験を行った。但し、異なるのは最後の化成処理であって、実験例4で使用した自作のリン酸亜鉛カルシウム型化成処理液に代えて市販のリン酸亜鉛カルシウム型化成処理液を使用した。本実験例5では「パルボンド880(日本パーカライジング株式会社製)」を使用した。「パルボンド880」の通常の使用条件(鋼材の化成処理時での使用条件)は液温80~90℃として鋼材を2分程度浸漬するものだが、本発明ではこれより遥かに温和な条件で使用した。具体的には、液温65℃で浸漬時間1分とした。
実験例3と同様の実験を行った。但し、異なるのは化成処理であって、実施例3で使用したリン酸亜鉛系化成処理液に代え、1.2%水和硝酸クロムを1.2%、三酸化クロムを0.3%、正リン酸を1.5%、塩基性炭酸ニッケルを0.033%含むクロメート処理型の水溶液を40℃として使用した。
0.6mm厚の溶融亜鉛アルミニウム合金鍍金鋼板(通称ガルバリウム鋼板)「GL-AZ150(日新製鋼株式会社製)」を18mm×45mmの長方形片に切断し、多数の亜鉛アルミニウム合金鍍金鋼板片を作成した。槽にアルミ用脱脂剤「NE-6」7.5%を含む水溶液を用意して60℃とし、この水溶液を脱脂用水溶液とした。又、別の槽に1.5%濃度の苛性ソーダ水溶液を40℃として用意し、これを予備塩基洗浄用の水溶液とした。又、硫酸5%含む水溶液を50℃とし、これをエッチング液とした。更に、別の槽に、中和用として25℃とした1%濃度のアンモニア水を用意した。更に別の槽に、55℃とした80%正リン酸を1.5%、亜鉛華を0.21%、珪弗化ナトリウムを0.16%、及び塩基性炭酸ニッケルを0.23%含むリン酸亜鉛型化成処理液を用意した。亜鉛アルミニウム合金鍍金鋼板片を先ず脱脂槽で5分浸漬し水洗した。次いで予備塩基洗浄槽に1分浸漬して水洗した。次いでエッチング槽に1分浸漬して水洗した。次いで中和槽に1分浸漬して水洗した。次いで化成処理層に1分浸漬して水洗した。これを90℃で15分乾燥し、表面処理を終えた。
実験例6にて表面処理した亜鉛鍍金鋼板片を取り出し、油分等が付着せぬよう手袋で摘まみ射出成形金型にインサートした。金型を閉じ調製例1により得られたPPS組成物(1)を射出温度310℃で射出した。金型温度は140℃であった。この射出接合によって、図2に示す形状の複合体20個を得た。樹脂部の大きさは10mm×45mm×5mmであり、接着面積は10mm×5mm=0.5cm2であった。成形当日に170℃の熱風乾燥機に1時間投入してアニールし、更にその1日後に引っ張り試験した結果、平均のせん断破断力は21.8MPaであった。
調製例1により得られたPPS組成物(1)の代わりに、調製例2により得られたPPS組成物(2)を用いた以外は、実験例8と全く同様の実験を行った。即ち実験例6にて表面処理した亜鉛鍍金鋼板片を使用し、射出接合して複合体を得た。得られた複合体を170℃で1時間アニールした。要するに、ポリオレフィン系ポリマーを極僅かしか含まないPPSとフィラーのみのPPS系樹脂組成物を使用した実験である。1日後、これら10個を引っ張り試験したところ、平均のせん断破断力は7.5MPaであった。実験例8に大きく及ばず、使用した樹脂材料の差異が結果として出た。
調製例1により得られたPPS組成物(1)の代わりに、調製例3により得られたPPS組成物(3)を用いた以外は、実験例8と全く同様の実験を行った。即ち実験例6にて表面処理した亜鉛鍍金鋼板片を使用し、射出接合して複合体を得た。得られた複合体について、成形した日に170℃×1時間のアニールをし、その2日後にこの複合体に対して引っ張り試験機でせん断破断力を測定したところ、平均で20.0MPaであった。
調整例1により得られたPPS組成物(1)の代わりに、調製例4により得られたPPS組成物(4)を用いた以外は、実験例8と全く同様の実験を行った。即ち実験例6にて表面処理した亜鉛鍍金鋼板片を使用し、射出接合して複合体を得た。要するに、ポリオレフィン系ポリマーを大量に含むPPS系樹脂組成物を使用した実験である。しかしながら、成形時に多量のガスが発生し、成形を中断した。この実験では樹脂組成物の主成分がPPSではなかった。
調製例5により得られたPBT組成物(1)と、実験例6にて表面処理した亜鉛鍍金鋼板片を用いて射出接合を行った。即ち、亜鉛鍍金鋼板片を射出成形金型にインサートした。金型を閉じ調製例5により得られたPBT組成物(1)を射出温度280℃で射出した。金型温度は140℃とした。この射出接合によって、図2に示す複合体20個を得た。樹脂部の大きさは10mm×45mm×5mmであり、接着面積は10mm×5mm=0.5cm2であった。この複合体について成形当日に150℃の熱風乾燥機に1時間投入してアニールし、更にその1日後に引っ張り試験機を使用し、せん断破断力を測定した結果、3個平均のせん断破断力は19.0MPaであった。
調製例5により得られたPBT組成物(1)の代わりに、ガラス繊維30%を含む市販PBT樹脂「トレコン1101G30(東レ株式会社製)」を用いた以外は、実験例12と全く同様にして射出接合を行い、複合体を得た。得られた複合体を150℃で1時間アニールした。要するに、射出接合を助力するポリマーを含まないPBTとフィラーのみのPBT系樹脂組成物を使用した実験である。1日後に引っ張り試験機を使用し、せん断破断力を測定した結果、平均のせん断破断力は9.2MPaと小さく、実験例12に大きく及ばなかった。
調製例5により得られたPBT組成物(1)の代わりに、調製例6により得られたPBT組成物(2)を用いた以外は、実験例12と全く同様にして射出接合を行い、複合体を得た。得られた複合体を成形当日に150℃で1時間アニールした。その2日後にこの複合体について、引っ張り試験機を使用し、せん断破断力を測定した結果、平均で18.7MPaであった。
調製例5により得られたPBT組成物(1)の代わりに、調製例7により得られたPBT組成物(3)を用いた以外は、実験例12と全く同様にして射出接合を行い、複合体を得た。得られた複合体を成形当日に150℃で1時間アニールした。その2日後にこの複合体について、引っ張り試験機を使用し、せん断破断力を測定した結果、平均で18.1MPaであった。
実験例2にて表面処理した亜鉛鍍金鋼板片を取り出し、油分等が付着せぬよう手袋で摘まみ射出成形金型にインサートした。金型を閉じ調製例1により得られたPPS組成物(1)を射出温度310℃で射出した。金型温度は140℃とした。即ち、使用した亜鉛鍍金鋼板片が実験例6の表面処理を行った物ではなく実験例2の表面処理を行った物である以外は、実験例8と全く同様に射出接合をした。この射出接合により得られた複合体を170℃の熱風乾燥機に1時間投入してアニールし、更にその1日後に引っ張り試験機を使用し、せん断破断力を測定した結果、平均のせん断破断力は9.8MPaに過ぎず、実験例8に大きく及ばなかった。
実験例6にて表面処理した亜鉛鍍金鋼板片に代えて、実験例1にて表面処理した亜鉛鍍金鋼板片を用いる以外は、実験例8と全く同様にしてPPS組成物(1)を射出接合した。この射出接合により得られた複合体を170℃の熱風乾燥機に1時間投入してアニールし、更にその1日後に引っ張り試験機を使用し、せん断破断力を測定した結果、平均のせん断破断力は18.8MPaであった。
実験例6にて表面処理した亜鉛鍍金鋼板片に代えて、実験例3にて表面処理した亜鉛鍍金鋼板片を用いる以外は、実験例8と全く同様にしてPPS組成物(1)を射出接合した。この射出接合により得られた複合体を170℃の熱風乾燥機に1時間投入してアニールし、更にその1日後に引っ張り試験機を使用し、せん断破断力を測定した結果、平均のせん断破断力は22.5MPaであった。
実験例6にて表面処理した亜鉛鍍金鋼板片に代えて、実験例4にて表面処理した亜鉛鍍金鋼板片を用いる以外は、実験例8と全く同様にしてPPS組成物(1)を射出接合した。この射出接合により得られた複合体を170℃の熱風乾燥機に1時間投入してアニールし、更にその1日後に引っ張り試験機を使用し、せん断破断力を測定した結果、平均のせん断破断力は21.5MPaであった。
実験例6にて表面処理した亜鉛鍍金鋼板片に代えて、実験例5にて表面処理した亜鉛鍍金鋼板片を用いる以外は、実験例8と全く同様にしてPPS組成物(1)を射出接合した。この射出接合により得られた複合体を170℃の熱風乾燥機に1時間投入してアニールし、更にその1日後に引っ張り試験機を使用し、せん断破断力を測定した結果、平均のせん断破断力は19.5MPaであった。
実験例6にて表面処理した亜鉛鍍金鋼板片に代えて、実験例7にて表面処理した亜鉛アルミニウム合金鍍金鋼板片を用いる以外は、実験例8と全く同様にしてPPS組成物(1)を射出接合した。この射出接合により得られた複合体を170℃の熱風乾燥機に1時間投入してアニールし、更にその1日後に引っ張り試験機を使用し、せん断破断力を測定した結果、平均のせん断破断力は24.8MPaであった。
実験例7にて表面処理した亜鉛アルミニウム合金鍍金鋼板片を取り出し、油分等が付着せぬよう手袋で摘まみ射出成形金型にインサートした。金型を閉じ調製例5により得られたPBT組成物(1)を射出温度280℃で射出した。金型温度は140℃とした。この射出接合によって、図2に示す複合体20個を得た。樹脂部の大きさは10mm×45mm×5mmであり、接着面積は10mm×5mm=0.5cm2であった。この複合体について成形当日に150℃の熱風乾燥機に1時間投入してアニールし、更にその1日後に引っ張り試験機を使用し、せん断破断力を測定した結果、平均のせん断破断力は23.8MPaであった。
実験例7に用いる溶融亜鉛アルミニウム合金鍍金鋼板「GL-AZ150」を18mm×45mmの長方形片に切断し、多数の亜鉛アルミニウム合金鍍金鋼板片を作成した。これら亜鉛アルミニウム合金鍍金鋼板片を65℃としたアルミ用脱脂剤「NE-6」7.5%の水溶液に7分浸漬し、水洗したものを使用する。実験例5にて表面処理した亜鉛鍍金鋼板片に代えて、この脱脂処理のみを施した亜鉛アルミニウム合金鍍金鋼板片を用いる以外は、実験例20と全く同様にしてPBT組成物(1)を射出接合した。この射出接合により得られた複合体を150℃で1時間アニールした。1日後、これらの複合体10個について引っ張り試験機を使用し、せん断破断力を測定しようと試みた。しかし、7個は引っ張り治具に付ける操作中に壊れ、残り3個の平均のせん断破断力も2.1MPaと極めて弱かった。
図3及び図4の形状の射出成形品を、1.ガラス繊維30%を含むPBT樹脂「トレコン1101G30」、2.調整例7によって得られたPBT、PET、及びポリオレフィンを主成分とするPBT組成物(3)、3.調整例1によって得られたPPS組成物(1)、4.ガラス繊維30%を含む6ナイロン樹脂「B3EG7(BASF製)」、5.ガラス繊維30%を含む芳香族ポリアミド樹脂「アミランCM3510G30(東レ株式会社製)」を使用して作成した(表1に示す5種)。得られた成形品のランナー部(ゲート部から本体に繋がる突き出し部分)を根元からニッパーでカットし、次の実験に備えた。
図5の治具システムの治具上型19の断熱材20に実験例24で作成した射出成形品22をはめこんだ。一方、実験例6に用いる0.4mm厚の溶融亜鉛鍍金鋼板を40mm×60mmに切断し、図6に示した形状の亜鉛鍍金鋼板片とした。この亜鉛鍍金鋼板片に実験例6と全く同様の表面処理をした。表面処理後の亜鉛鍍金鋼板片をホットプレートで加熱し、ピンセットで挟み掴んで図5に示した治具下型11の断熱材12の凹部にセットした。真空ポンプ26を駆動し、治具上型19と治具下型11を押し付け、2方コック28を開いた。数秒~5秒置いたら内部は数mmHg程度になり、且つ樹脂成形品22の底部も溶融するので4方コック27を90度回転して系内を常圧に戻す。
実験例6に用いる0.4mm厚の溶融亜鉛鍍金鋼板を40mm×60mmに切断し、図6に示した形状の亜鉛鍍金鋼板片とした。この亜鉛鍍金鋼板片に実験例2と同様の表面処理をした。即ち、軽い脱脂のみを行った。表面処理後の亜鉛鍍金鋼板片を使用し、実験例25と同様の圧融着試験を行った。その結果を表1(「実験例26」)に示した。当然かもしれないが、亜鉛鍍金鋼板片と樹脂成形品は接合しないか又は接合力が極めて弱く、5種全てについて、30kgf以下で破断した。
実験例1、3、5、6にて表面処理を行った各々の亜鉛鍍金鋼板片の端部にエポキシ系接着剤「EP106(セメダイン株式会社製)」を塗り、デシケータに入れた。真空ポンプで減圧して内部圧力を3mmHgとした。この減圧状態に2分置き、常圧に戻した。この減圧/常圧戻しの操作を計3回行い、デシケータから亜鉛鍍金鋼板片を取り出した。同じ表面処理を行った亜鉛鍍金鋼板片同士を接着した形状、即ち図11に示した形状にしてクリップで固定した。接着面積は0.6~0.7cm2になるようにした。この固定品を熱風乾燥機に入れて加熱した。即ち、100℃で1時間置き、135℃まで昇温して40分置き、その後更に昇温して165℃とし、この温度に30分保った。さらに放冷し、得られた接合体を1週間後に引っ張り試験機により破断して平均のせん断破断力を測定した。結果を表2に示した。何れも40MPa程度の非常に強い接着力を示した。
実験例2にて表面処理を行った亜鉛鍍金鋼板片を用いた以外は実験例27と全く同様の実験を行った。測定したせん断破断力を表2に示した。本実験例におけるせん断破断力は25MPaであり、実験例27の何れに対しても接着力は劣っていた。ミクロンオーダーの粗度に係る凹凸及び超微細凹凸にエポキシ系接着剤が侵入した状態で固化することで、接合力を向上せしめていることが確認された。
実験例7にて表面処理を行った亜鉛アルミニウム合金鍍金鋼板片の端部にエポキシ系接着剤「EP106」を塗り、デシケータに入れた。真空ポンプで減圧して内部圧力を3mmHgとした。この減圧状態に2分置き、常圧に戻した。この減圧/常圧戻しの操作を計3回行い、デシケータから亜鉛アルミニウム合金鍍金鋼板片を取り出した。取り出した亜鉛アルミニウム合金鍍金鋼板片同士を接着した形状、即ち図11に示した形状にしてクリップで固定した。接着面積は0.6~0.7cm2になるようにした。この固定品を熱風乾燥機に入れて加熱した。135℃まで昇温して40分置き、その後更に昇温して165℃とし、この温度に30分保った。さらに放冷し、得られた接合体を1週間後に引っ張り試験機により破断して平均のせん断破断力を測定したところ、3対の平均で41MPaあり、非常に強い接着力を示した。
0.6mm厚の溶融亜鉛アルミニウム合金鍍金鋼板(通称ガルバリウム鋼板)「GL-AZ150」を18mm×45mmの長方形片に切断し、多数の亜鉛アルミニウム合金鍍金鋼板片を作成した。これを、実験例7で使用したのと同じ脱脂槽に5分浸漬し、よく水洗してから90℃で15分乾燥した。この脱脂処理のみ施した亜鉛アルミニウム合金鍍金鋼板片の端部にエポキシ系接着剤「EP106」を塗り、デシケータに入れた。真空ポンプで減圧して内部圧力を3mmHgとした。この減圧状態に2分置き、常圧に戻した。この減圧/常圧戻しの操作を計3回行い、デシケータから亜鉛アルミニウム合金鍍金鋼板片を取り出した。取り出した亜鉛アルミニウム合金鍍金鋼板片同士を接着した形状、即ち図11に示した形状にしてクリップで固定した。接着面積は0.6~0.7cm2になるようにした。この固定品を熱風乾燥機に入れて加熱した。135℃まで昇温して40分置き、その後更に昇温して165℃とし、この温度に30分保った。さらに放冷し、得られた接合体を1週間後に引っ張り試験機により破断して平均のせん断破断力を測定したところ、3対の平均で28MPaあり強い接着力を示したが、実験例29には大きく及ばなかった。ミクロンオーダーの粗度に係る凹凸及び超微細凹凸にエポキシ系接着剤が侵入した状態で固化することで、接合力を向上せしめていることが確認された。
実験例6にて表面処理を行った亜鉛鍍金鋼板片の端部に実験例27と同じエポキシ系接着剤「EP106」を塗布し、更にデシケータに入れて減圧/常圧戻しの操作を3回加えた。前述した図9に示す焼成治具41を用いて亜鉛鍍金鋼板片とCFRP片との複合体を作成する。即ち、図9において減圧/常圧戻しの操作を3回加えた亜鉛系鍍金鋼板片51の端部の上に、別途切断しておいた炭素繊維「T-300」を敷く。この「T-300」に、注射器から出すエポキシ系接着剤「EP-106」を塗り、その上に2段目の「T-300」を敷き、これにも同じ接着剤を塗り、さらにその上に3段目の「T-300」を敷き、これにも同じ接着剤を塗る。このようにしてエポキシ系接着剤が染み込んだ炭素繊維3枚が層状に重なった状態(図9では52として示される)とした。使用した接着剤「EP-106」は約1ccであった。
実験例6にて表面処理を行った亜鉛鍍金鋼板片の端部に実験例27と同じエポキシ系接着剤「EP106」を塗布し、更にデシケータに入れて減圧/常圧戻しの操作を3回加えた。前述した図9に示す焼成治具41を用いて亜鉛鍍金鋼板片とCFRP片(実験例31で作成したCFRPプリプレグの硬化物)との複合体を作成する。即ち、図9において減圧/常圧戻しの操作を3回加えた亜鉛系鍍金鋼板片51の端部の上に、実験例31で作成したCFRPプリプレグを3枚積層する(図9では52として示される)。
GFRP用の市販のビニルエステル型不飽和ポリエステル「リポキシR802(昭和高分子株式会社製)」10gとt-ブチルパーオキシベンゾエート「パーブチルZ(日油株式会社製)」0.1gをよく混ぜて接着剤とした。実験例6にて表面処理を行った亜鉛鍍金鋼板片の端部にこの接着剤を塗り、デシケータに入れた。真空ポンプで減圧して内部圧力を50mmHg以下とした。この減圧状態になったら数秒置いて常圧に戻した。この減圧/常圧戻しの操作を計3回行い、デシケータから亜鉛鍍金鋼板片を取り出した。取り出した亜鉛鍍金鋼板片同士を接着した形状、即ち図11に示した形状にしてクリップで固定し、これを3組作った。接着面積は0.6~0.7cm2になるようにした。この固定品を熱風乾燥機に入れて加熱した。90℃まで昇温して1時間置き、その後更に昇温して120℃とし、この温度に1時間保った。さらに放冷し、得られた接合体を1週間後に引っ張り試験機により破断して平均のせん断破断力を測定したところ、27MPaであり、非常に強かった。
Claims (22)
- 亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と被着材の接合体であって、
前記亜鉛系鍍金鋼板の表面は、山谷平均間隔(RSm)が0.8~10μm、最大高さ粗さ(Rz)が0.2~5μmであるミクロンオーダーの粗度を有し、且つ、その粗度を有する面内には10~300nm周期の超微細凹凸が形成され、且つ、表層が金属酸化物又は金属リン酸化物の薄層であり、
前記被着材は、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリフェニレンサルファイド、及び芳香族ポリアミドから選択される1種以上を主成分とする熱可塑性樹脂組成物の樹脂成形品であり、
前記亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と前記樹脂成形品は、前記超微細凹凸に侵入して硬化した前記熱可塑性樹脂組成物を介して接合されていることを特徴とする前記接合体。 - 請求項1に記載した亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と被着材の接合体であって、
前記熱可塑性樹脂組成物は、ポリブチレンテレフタレートを70ないし97質量%、ポリエチレンテレフタレート及び/又はポリオレフィン系樹脂を3ないし30質量%含むことを特徴とする前記接合体。 - 請求項1に記載した亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と被着材の接合体であって、
前記熱可塑性樹脂組成物は、ポリフェニレンサルファイドを70ないし97質量%、ポリオレフィン系樹脂を3ないし30質量%含むことを特徴とする前記接合体。 - 請求項1に記載した亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と被着材の接合体であって、
前記熱可塑性樹脂組成物は、芳香族ポリアミドを50ないし100質量%、脂肪族ポリアミドを0ないし50質量%含むことを特徴とする前記接合体。 - 請求項2又は3に記載した亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と被着材の接合体であって、
前記熱可塑性樹脂組成物は、ガラス繊維、炭素繊維、アラミド繊維、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、シリカ、タルク、粘土、及びガラス粉から選択される1種以上の充填材を、20~60質量%含むことにより、前記樹脂成形品の線膨張率を2.0×10-5℃-1~3.0×10-5℃-1の範囲としたことを特徴とする前記接合体。 - 亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と被着材の接合体であって、
前記亜鉛系鍍金鋼板の表面は、山谷平均間隔(RSm)が0.8~10μm、最大高さ粗さ(Rz)が0.2~5μmであるミクロンオーダーの粗度を有し、且つ、その粗度を有する面内には10~300nm周期の超微細凹凸が形成され、且つ、表層が金属酸化物又は金属リン酸化物の薄層であり、
前記被着材は、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリフェニレンサルファイド、芳香族ポリアミド、脂肪族ポリアミド、及び液晶ポリマーから選択される1種以上を主成分とする硬質の高結晶性樹脂の樹脂成形品であり、
前記亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と前記樹脂成形品は、前記超微細凹凸に侵入して硬化した前記高結晶性樹脂を介して接合されていることを特徴とする前記接合体。 - 亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と被着材の接合体であって、
前記亜鉛系鍍金鋼板の表面は、山谷平均間隔(RSm)が0.8~10μm、最大高さ粗さ(Rz)が0.2~5μmであるミクロンオーダーの粗度を有し、且つ、その粗度を有する面内には10~300nm周期の超微細凹凸が形成され、且つ、表層が金属酸化物又は金属リン酸化物の薄層であり、
前記被着材はフェノール樹脂をマトリックスとする摩擦材又は研磨材であり、
前記亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と前記摩擦材又は研磨材は、前記超微細凹凸に侵入して硬化したフェノール系接着剤を介して接合されていることを特徴とする前記接合体。 - 亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と被着材の接合体であって、
前記亜鉛系鍍金鋼板の表面は、山谷平均間隔(RSm)が0.8~10μm、最大高さ粗さ(Rz)が0.2~5μmであるミクロンオーダーの粗度を有し、且つ、その粗度を有する面内には10~300nm周期の超微細凹凸が形成され、且つ、表層が金属酸化物又は金属リン酸化物の薄層であり、
前記被着材はエポキシ樹脂をマトリックスとする炭素繊維強化プラスチックであり、
前記亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と前記炭素繊維強化プラスチックは、前記超微細凹凸に侵入して硬化したエポキシ系接着剤を介して接合されていることを特徴とする前記接合体。 - 亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と被着材の接合体であって、
前記亜鉛系鍍金鋼板の表面は、山谷平均間隔(RSm)が0.8~10μm、最大高さ粗さ(Rz)が0.2~5μmであるミクロンオーダーの粗度を有し、且つ、その粗度を有する面内には10~300nm周期の超微細凹凸が形成され、且つ、表層が金属酸化物又は金属リン酸化物の薄層であり、
前記被着材は不飽和ポリエステル樹脂をマトリックスとするガラス繊維強化プラスチックであり、
前記亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と前記ガラス繊維強化プラスチックは、前記超微細凹凸に侵入して硬化した不飽和ポリエステル系接着剤を介して接合されていることを特徴とする前記接合体。 - 亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と被着材の接合体であって、
前記被着材は金属合金であり、
前記亜鉛系鍍金鋼板及び前記金属合金の双方の表面は、山谷平均間隔(RSm)が0.8~10μm、最大高さ粗さ(Rz)が0.2~5μmであるミクロンオーダーの粗度を有し、且つ、その粗度を有する面内には10~300nm周期の超微細凹凸が形成され、且つ、表層が金属酸化物又は金属リン酸化物の薄層であり、
前記亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と前記金属合金の双方の超微細凹凸には、(1)エポキシ系接着剤、(2)フェノール系接着剤、及び(3)不飽和ポリエステル系接着剤の(1)~(3)から選択される1種の熱硬化型接着剤が侵入した状態で硬化し、その硬化した熱硬化型接着剤を介して当該亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と当該金属合金が強固に接合されていることを特徴とする前記接合体。 - 請求項1、及び7ないし10から選択される1項に記載した亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と被着材の接合体であって、
前記亜鉛系鍍金鋼板は亜鉛アルミニウム合金鍍金鋼板であることを特徴とする前記接合体。 - 亜鉛系鍍金鋼板の表面に、山谷平均間隔(RSm)が0.8~10μm、最大高さ粗さ(Rz)が0.2~5μmであるミクロンオーダーの粗度を生じさせ、且つ、その粗度を有する面内に、10~300nm周期の超微細凹凸を形成し、且つ、表層を金属酸化物又は金属リン酸化物の薄層とするための液処理を行う表面処理工程と、
前記表面処理工程を経た亜鉛系鍍金鋼板を射出成形金型にインサートするインサート工程と、
インサートされた前記亜鉛系鍍金鋼板の表面に、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリフェニレンサルファイド、及び芳香族ポリアミドから選択される1種以上を主成分とする熱可塑性樹脂組成物を射出し、当該射出された熱可塑性樹脂組成物が前記超微細凹凸に侵入した後に硬化することによって前記亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と当該熱可塑性樹脂組成物の成形品が強固に一体化される一体化工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と被着材の接合体の製造方法。 - 亜鉛系鍍金鋼板の表面に、山谷平均間隔(RSm)が0.8~10μm、最大高さ粗さ(Rz)が0.2~5μmであるミクロンオーダーの粗度を生じさせ、且つ、その粗度を有する面内に、10~300nm周期の超微細凹凸を形成し、且つ、表層を金属酸化物又は金属リン酸化物の薄層とするための液処理を行う表面処理工程と、
ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリフェニレンサルファイド、芳香族ポリアミド、脂肪族ポリアミド、及び液晶ポリマーから選択される1種以上を主成分とする樹脂組成物の樹脂成形品を作成する樹脂成形品作成工程と、
前記表面処理工程を経た亜鉛系鍍金鋼板の表面を、前記樹脂組成物の溶融温度以上の温度に加熱する加熱工程と、
前記加熱工程を経た亜鉛系鍍金鋼板の表面に前記樹脂成形品を押し付けて、その樹脂組成物を溶融させた状態とし、当該亜鉛系鍍金鋼板及び樹脂成形品を減圧下に置き、その後に加圧することにより、その溶融した樹脂組成物を前記超微細凹凸に侵入させ、その侵入した樹脂が硬化することにより当該該亜鉛系鍍金鋼板及び樹脂成形品を融着させる圧融着工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と被着材の接合体の製造方法。 - 亜鉛系鍍金鋼板の表面に、山谷平均間隔(RSm)が0.8~10μm、最大高さ粗さ(Rz)が0.2~5μmであるミクロンオーダーの粗度を生じさせ、且つ、その粗度を有する面内に、10~300nm周期の超微細凹凸を形成し、且つ、表層を金属酸化物又は金属リン酸化物の薄層とするための液処理を行う表面処理工程と、
前記表面処理工程を経た亜鉛系鍍金鋼板の表面に(1)エポキシ系接着剤、(2)フェノール系接着剤、及び(3)不飽和ポリエステル系接着剤の(1)~(3)から選択される1種の熱硬化型接着剤を塗布する塗布工程と、
前記塗布工程を経た亜鉛系鍍金鋼板を密閉容器に収納して減圧し、その後に加圧することにより、塗布した熱硬化型接着剤を前記超微細凹凸に侵入させる接着予備工程と、
前記接着予備工程を経た亜鉛系鍍金鋼板の表面に被着材を密着させて固定する固定工程と、
前記固定された亜鉛系鍍金鋼板及び被着材を加熱して接着剤成分を硬化させる硬化工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と被着材の接合体の製造方法。 - 請求項14に記載した亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と被着材の接合体の製造方法であって、
前記熱硬化型接着剤はエポキシ系接着剤であって、
前記被着材はエポキシ樹脂をマトリックスとする炭素繊維強化プラスチックであることを特徴とする前記製造方法。 - 請求項14に記載した亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と被着材の接合体の製造方法であって、
前記熱硬化型接着剤は、エポキシ系接着剤又は不飽和ポリエステル系接着剤であって、
前記被着材も、前記表面処理工程、前記塗布工程、及び前記接着予備工程を経た亜鉛系鍍金鋼板であることを特徴とする前記製造方法。 - 請求項12又は14に記載した亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と被着材の接合体の製造方法であって、
前記表面処理工程において実施される液処理は、亜鉛系鍍金鋼板をアルミニウム用脱脂溶液に浸漬する脱脂処理のみであることを特徴とする前記製造方法。 - 請求項17に記載した亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と被着材の接合体の製造方法であって、
前記亜鉛系鍍金鋼板は、JIS G3302に規定されるZ18であり、
前記脱脂処理において、Z18を70℃以上としたアルミニウム用脱脂溶液に5~10分浸漬することを特徴とする前記製造方法。 - 請求項12ないし14から選択される1項に記載した亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と被着材の接合体の製造方法であって、
前記表面処理工程において実施される液処理は、亜鉛系鍍金鋼板をアルミニウム用脱脂溶液に浸漬する脱脂処理、並びに3価クロム、6価クロム、リン酸、及びニッケルを含む水溶液に浸漬するクロメート処理であることを特徴とする前記製造方法。 - 請求項12又は14に記載した亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と被着材の接合体の製造方法であって、
前記表面処理工程において実施される液処理は、亜鉛系鍍金鋼板をアルミニウム用脱脂溶液に浸漬する脱脂処理、並びにリン酸、2価亜鉛、ニッケル、及び珪弗化物を含む水溶液に浸漬するリン酸亜鉛型処理であることを特徴とする前記製造方法。 - 請求項12又は14に記載した亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と被着材の接合体の製造方法であって、
前記表面処理工程において実施される液処理は、亜鉛系鍍金鋼板をアルミニウム用脱脂溶液に浸漬する脱脂処理、並びにリン酸、2価亜鉛、カルシウム、及びニッケルを含む水溶液に浸漬するリン酸亜鉛カルシウム型処理であることを特徴とする前記製造方法。 - 請求項12又は14に記載した亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と被着材の接合体の製造方法であって、
前記亜鉛系鍍金鋼板は亜鉛アルミニウム合金鍍金鋼板であって、
前記表面処理工程において実施される液処理は、亜鉛アルミニウム合金鍍金鋼板をアルミニウム用脱脂溶液に浸漬する脱脂処理、pH1~3の酸性水溶液に浸漬する化学エッチング、並びに(1)3価クロム、6価クロム、リン酸、及びニッケルを含む水溶液に浸漬するクロメート処理(2)リン酸、2価亜鉛、ニッケル、及び珪弗化物を含む水溶液に浸漬するリン酸亜鉛型処理、及び(3)リン酸、2価亜鉛、カルシウム、及びニッケルを含む水溶液に浸漬するリン酸亜鉛カルシウム型処理の(1)~(3)から選択される1種の化成処理を含むことを特徴とする前記製造方法。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2010503860A JP4903897B2 (ja) | 2008-03-17 | 2009-03-16 | 亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と被着材の接合体及びその製造方法 |
US12/922,069 US20110008644A1 (en) | 2008-03-17 | 2009-03-16 | Bonded body of galvanized steel sheet and adherend, and manufacturing method thereof |
US14/149,423 US9567675B2 (en) | 2008-03-17 | 2014-01-07 | Method for manufacturing a bonded body of galvanized steel sheet and adherend |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2008067313 | 2008-03-17 | ||
JP2008-067313 | 2008-03-17 |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/922,069 A-371-Of-International US20110008644A1 (en) | 2008-03-17 | 2009-03-16 | Bonded body of galvanized steel sheet and adherend, and manufacturing method thereof |
US14/149,423 Division US9567675B2 (en) | 2008-03-17 | 2014-01-07 | Method for manufacturing a bonded body of galvanized steel sheet and adherend |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2009116484A1 true WO2009116484A1 (ja) | 2009-09-24 |
Family
ID=41090887
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2009/055016 WO2009116484A1 (ja) | 2008-03-17 | 2009-03-16 | 亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と被着材の接合体及びその製造方法 |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20110008644A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4903897B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2009116484A1 (ja) |
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010082660A1 (ja) * | 2009-01-19 | 2010-07-22 | 大成プラス株式会社 | 金属合金を含む接着複合体とその製造方法 |
JP2011240620A (ja) * | 2010-05-19 | 2011-12-01 | Taisei Plas Co Ltd | 積層板及びその製造方法 |
US20120207982A1 (en) * | 2009-10-16 | 2012-08-16 | Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha | Composite molded article |
JP5714193B1 (ja) * | 2013-07-18 | 2015-05-07 | 三井化学株式会社 | 金属/樹脂複合構造体および金属部材 |
KR101745949B1 (ko) * | 2016-05-12 | 2017-06-14 | 이운식 | 플라스틱 소재의 표면처리방법 및 이에 의하여 제조된 표면구조를 가지는 플라스틱 소재 |
US9902132B2 (en) | 2015-05-12 | 2018-02-27 | ANDOH—Corporation limited partnership company | Method for producing metal containing composite and metal containing composite formed by adhesion |
WO2018124215A1 (ja) | 2016-12-28 | 2018-07-05 | 新日鉄住金化学株式会社 | 金属-繊維強化樹脂材料複合体、その製造方法及び接着シート |
KR20180088685A (ko) | 2016-03-09 | 2018-08-06 | 신닛테츠스미킨 카부시키카이샤 | 표면 처리 강판 및 표면 처리 강판의 제조 방법 |
WO2018180025A1 (ja) * | 2017-03-29 | 2018-10-04 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | ポリオレフィン接着用表面処理金属板、複合部材、及び複合部材の製造方法 |
WO2018182038A1 (ja) | 2017-03-31 | 2018-10-04 | 新日鉄住金化学株式会社 | 金属-繊維強化樹脂材料複合体及びその製造方法 |
WO2019132043A1 (ja) | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-04 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 金属-繊維強化樹脂材料複合体及びその製造方法 |
WO2019132042A1 (ja) | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-04 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 金属-繊維強化樹脂材料複合体 |
KR20200068154A (ko) * | 2018-12-04 | 2020-06-15 | 주식회사 포스코 | 탄소섬유 클래드 강판의 제조방법 |
KR20220018981A (ko) | 2019-06-12 | 2022-02-15 | 도요 고한 가부시키가이샤 | 조화 도금판 |
CN114901458A (zh) * | 2019-12-27 | 2022-08-12 | Dic株式会社 | 复合结构体及其制造方法 |
Families Citing this family (42)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5101983B2 (ja) * | 2007-10-23 | 2012-12-19 | 大成プラス株式会社 | 金属コート物及びその製造方法 |
US9283698B2 (en) * | 2010-04-01 | 2016-03-15 | Flextronics Ap, Llc | System and method for preventing warpage of metal components during manufacturing processes |
CN103290449B (zh) * | 2012-02-24 | 2015-05-20 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 一种表面处理的铝合金及其表面处理的方法和铝合金树脂复合体及其制备方法 |
CN103286910B (zh) | 2012-02-24 | 2015-09-30 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 一种金属树脂一体化成型方法和一种金属树脂复合体 |
CN103286909B (zh) | 2012-02-24 | 2015-09-30 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 一种金属树脂一体化成型方法和一种金属树脂复合体 |
CN103297565B (zh) | 2012-02-24 | 2015-07-22 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 一种手机壳体及其制备方法 |
CN103286996B (zh) | 2012-02-24 | 2015-03-25 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 一种铝合金树脂复合体的制备方法及其制备的铝合金树脂复合体 |
CN103287009B (zh) | 2012-02-24 | 2015-03-25 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 一种铝合金树脂复合体的制备方法及其制备的铝合金树脂复合体 |
CN103286995B (zh) | 2012-02-24 | 2015-06-24 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 一种铝合金树脂复合体的制备方法及其制备的铝合金树脂复合体 |
CN103286908B (zh) | 2012-02-24 | 2015-09-30 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 一种金属树脂一体化成型方法和一种金属树脂复合体 |
WO2013160568A1 (fr) * | 2012-04-25 | 2013-10-31 | Arcelormittal Investigacion Y Desarrollo, S.L. | Procédé de réalisation d'une tôle à revêtements ZnAlMg comprenant l'application d'une solution acide et tôle correspondante. |
WO2013160565A1 (fr) * | 2012-04-25 | 2013-10-31 | Arcelormittal Investigacion Y Desarrollo, S.L. | Procédé de réalisation d'une tôle à revêtements znalmg comprenant l'application d'une solution acide de traitement de surface et tôle correspondante. |
WO2013160569A1 (fr) * | 2012-04-25 | 2013-10-31 | Arcelormittal Investigacion Y Desarrollo, S.L. | Procédé de réalisation d'une tôle à revêtements ZnAlMg comprenant l'application d'efforts mécaniques sur les revêtements et tôle correspondante. |
WO2013160567A1 (fr) * | 2012-04-25 | 2013-10-31 | Arcelormittal Investigacion Y Desarrollo, S.L. | Procédé de réalisation d'une tôle prélaquée à revêtements znalmg et tôle correspondante. |
EP2855740A4 (en) | 2012-05-28 | 2016-03-09 | Byd Co Ltd | METAL COMPOSITE AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF, METAL RESIN COMPOSITE AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
JP2014054836A (ja) * | 2012-08-10 | 2014-03-27 | Nst Seisakusho:Kk | 鉄鋼材とポリアミド樹脂の接合方法及び接合体 |
US9768357B2 (en) * | 2013-01-09 | 2017-09-19 | Sensor Electronic Technology, Inc. | Ultraviolet reflective rough adhesive contact |
US9287449B2 (en) * | 2013-01-09 | 2016-03-15 | Sensor Electronic Technology, Inc. | Ultraviolet reflective rough adhesive contact |
US10276749B2 (en) * | 2013-01-09 | 2019-04-30 | Sensor Electronic Technology, Inc. | Ultraviolet reflective rough adhesive contact |
EP3045308B1 (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2018-06-13 | Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. | Metal/resin composite structure |
CN105829096B (zh) * | 2013-12-13 | 2019-03-15 | 住友电木株式会社 | 金属树脂复合体 |
CN104746066B (zh) | 2013-12-31 | 2017-07-04 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 一种金属与塑料的结合材料及其制备方法及制备的结合材料 |
DE102014016329B4 (de) * | 2014-11-05 | 2018-12-27 | Audi Ag | Verbundbauteil |
BR112017022024A2 (pt) | 2015-04-15 | 2018-07-03 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | revestimentos protetores de corrosão fina incorporando polímeros de poliamidoamina |
US20180111354A1 (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2018-04-26 | Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. | Manufacturing method of metal/resin composite structure and manufacturing method of surface-roughened steel member |
US11633892B2 (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2023-04-25 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho | Metal-resin bonded member and method of manufacturing the same |
DE102015118597A1 (de) * | 2015-10-30 | 2017-05-04 | Salzgitter Flachstahl Gmbh | Metall/Kunststoff-Verbundbauteil und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Verbundbauteils |
CN106335157A (zh) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-18 | 北京航空航天大学 | 一种聚合物复合材料/金属混合连接试验样件制备方法及模具型腔结构 |
DE102016116783A1 (de) * | 2016-09-07 | 2018-03-08 | Bernd Gross | Verfahren zum Herstellen oder Wiederherstellen eines Verschleißteils |
CN106917129B (zh) * | 2017-01-16 | 2019-01-04 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | 不锈钢和塑料的结合件及其加工方法 |
CN110651066A (zh) * | 2017-05-27 | 2020-01-03 | 深圳市恒兆智科技有限公司 | 钝化剂、金属工件及其钝化处理方法 |
WO2019083729A1 (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2019-05-02 | Trustees Of Boston University | ENHANCED THERMAL TRANSPORT THROUGH INTERFACES |
FR3072603B1 (fr) * | 2017-10-24 | 2019-09-27 | Sculpteo | Procede de traitement de surface pour objets |
KR102440504B1 (ko) * | 2017-10-27 | 2022-09-06 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 이종 재질 접합을 위한 알루미늄 표면 처리 방법 |
KR102008972B1 (ko) * | 2017-12-21 | 2019-08-08 | 주식회사 포스코 | 미세 플라스틱 입자가 도입된 플라스틱층과 강판의 복합 소재 및 그 제조방법 |
KR102008971B1 (ko) * | 2017-12-21 | 2019-08-08 | 주식회사 포스코 | 강판 및 작용기가 도입된 플라스틱층이 합지된 복합 소재 및 그 제조방법 |
WO2019191399A1 (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2019-10-03 | Ak Steel Properties, Inc. | Polymer laminate on zinc-phosphate coated galvanized steel |
JP7233320B2 (ja) * | 2019-06-26 | 2023-03-06 | 新光電気工業株式会社 | 配線基板の製造方法 |
DE102019213768A1 (de) * | 2019-09-10 | 2021-03-11 | Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag | Toleranzausgleich durch Metall-Kunststoff-Hybridwerkstoff |
DE102019219651A1 (de) * | 2019-12-16 | 2021-06-17 | Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag | Metallblech mit einer deterministischen Oberflächenstruktur und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines umgeformten und lackierten Blechbauteils |
US11958276B2 (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2024-04-16 | Mutsuki Electric Co., Ltd. | Metal-resin joint and method for manufacturing metal-resin joint |
WO2022081740A1 (en) | 2020-10-16 | 2022-04-21 | JXR Constructors, Inc. | Continuous composite structural reinforcing device & system |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH05264045A (ja) * | 1992-03-16 | 1993-10-12 | Toyo Polymer Kk | ガスレンジなどの鋼板製あるいはステンレス製厨房機器の 表面処理方法 |
JP2004277876A (ja) * | 2003-01-21 | 2004-10-07 | Jfe Steel Kk | 表面処理亜鉛系めっき鋼板 |
JP2008038188A (ja) * | 2006-08-03 | 2008-02-21 | Nippon Steel Corp | 薄膜一次防錆被覆層を有する表面導電性に優れた亜鉛系めっき鋼板とその製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0274543B1 (en) * | 1986-07-14 | 1992-10-21 | Nihon Parkerizing Co., Ltd. | Composition for treating metal surface and treating process |
JPH07116640B2 (ja) * | 1991-04-12 | 1995-12-13 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 金属銅箔、及びその製造方法 |
IN186219B (ja) * | 1992-11-30 | 2001-07-14 | Council Scient Ind Res | |
US5890811A (en) * | 1997-04-02 | 1999-04-06 | Jonathan Manufacturing Corp. | Friction slide rail assembly with overmold bearing shell |
JP3404286B2 (ja) * | 1998-04-16 | 2003-05-06 | 日本パーカライジング株式会社 | 金属の表面処理方法、および該表面処理方法により得られた表面を有する金属部材 |
JP3467471B2 (ja) | 1999-12-08 | 2003-11-17 | ポリプラスチックス株式会社 | 金属インサート樹脂複合成形品の製造方法 |
MXPA03006677A (es) * | 2001-02-16 | 2003-10-24 | Henkel Kgaa | Proceso para tratar articulos de metales multiples. |
AU2003277618A1 (en) * | 2002-11-08 | 2004-06-07 | Taisei Plas Co., Ltd. | Composite of aluminum alloy and resin composition and process for producing the same |
JP4195881B2 (ja) * | 2002-11-08 | 2008-12-17 | 大成プラス株式会社 | アルミニウム合金と樹脂の複合体とその製造方法 |
JP2004176092A (ja) * | 2002-11-25 | 2004-06-24 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 溶接性および耐食性に優れた樹脂被覆溶融亜鉛系めっき鋼板並びにその製造方法 |
JP2006027018A (ja) * | 2004-07-14 | 2006-02-02 | Taisei Plas Co Ltd | 金属と樹脂の複合体およびその製造方法 |
US8703272B2 (en) * | 2005-10-04 | 2014-04-22 | Taisei Plas Co., Ltd. | Composite of metal and resin and method for manufacturing same |
-
2009
- 2009-03-16 WO PCT/JP2009/055016 patent/WO2009116484A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2009-03-16 US US12/922,069 patent/US20110008644A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-03-16 JP JP2010503860A patent/JP4903897B2/ja active Active
-
2014
- 2014-01-07 US US14/149,423 patent/US9567675B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH05264045A (ja) * | 1992-03-16 | 1993-10-12 | Toyo Polymer Kk | ガスレンジなどの鋼板製あるいはステンレス製厨房機器の 表面処理方法 |
JP2004277876A (ja) * | 2003-01-21 | 2004-10-07 | Jfe Steel Kk | 表面処理亜鉛系めっき鋼板 |
JP2008038188A (ja) * | 2006-08-03 | 2008-02-21 | Nippon Steel Corp | 薄膜一次防錆被覆層を有する表面導電性に優れた亜鉛系めっき鋼板とその製造方法 |
Cited By (29)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010082660A1 (ja) * | 2009-01-19 | 2010-07-22 | 大成プラス株式会社 | 金属合金を含む接着複合体とその製造方法 |
US20120207982A1 (en) * | 2009-10-16 | 2012-08-16 | Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha | Composite molded article |
US8518521B2 (en) * | 2009-10-16 | 2013-08-27 | Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha | Composite molded article |
JP2011240620A (ja) * | 2010-05-19 | 2011-12-01 | Taisei Plas Co Ltd | 積層板及びその製造方法 |
JP5714193B1 (ja) * | 2013-07-18 | 2015-05-07 | 三井化学株式会社 | 金属/樹脂複合構造体および金属部材 |
US9902132B2 (en) | 2015-05-12 | 2018-02-27 | ANDOH—Corporation limited partnership company | Method for producing metal containing composite and metal containing composite formed by adhesion |
US11091839B2 (en) | 2016-03-09 | 2021-08-17 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Surface-treated steel sheet and method for producing surface-treated steel sheet |
KR20180088685A (ko) | 2016-03-09 | 2018-08-06 | 신닛테츠스미킨 카부시키카이샤 | 표면 처리 강판 및 표면 처리 강판의 제조 방법 |
KR101745949B1 (ko) * | 2016-05-12 | 2017-06-14 | 이운식 | 플라스틱 소재의 표면처리방법 및 이에 의하여 제조된 표면구조를 가지는 플라스틱 소재 |
KR20190095318A (ko) | 2016-12-28 | 2019-08-14 | 닛테츠 케미컬 앤드 머티리얼 가부시키가이샤 | 금속-섬유 강화 수지 재료 복합체, 그의 제조 방법 및 접착 시트 |
WO2018124215A1 (ja) | 2016-12-28 | 2018-07-05 | 新日鉄住金化学株式会社 | 金属-繊維強化樹脂材料複合体、その製造方法及び接着シート |
JP2018167465A (ja) * | 2017-03-29 | 2018-11-01 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | ポリオレフィン接着用表面処理金属板、複合部材、及び複合部材の製造方法 |
WO2018180025A1 (ja) * | 2017-03-29 | 2018-10-04 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | ポリオレフィン接着用表面処理金属板、複合部材、及び複合部材の製造方法 |
KR20190134621A (ko) | 2017-03-31 | 2019-12-04 | 닛테츠 케미컬 앤드 머티리얼 가부시키가이샤 | 금속-섬유 강화 수지 재료 복합체 및 그의 제조 방법 |
WO2018182038A1 (ja) | 2017-03-31 | 2018-10-04 | 新日鉄住金化学株式会社 | 金属-繊維強化樹脂材料複合体及びその製造方法 |
US11135825B2 (en) | 2017-03-31 | 2021-10-05 | Nippon Steel Chemical & Material Co., Ltd. | Metal/fiber-reinforced resin material composite body and method for producing same |
US11331882B2 (en) | 2017-12-28 | 2022-05-17 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Metal/fiber-reinforced resin material composite |
WO2019132043A1 (ja) | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-04 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 金属-繊維強化樹脂材料複合体及びその製造方法 |
WO2019132042A1 (ja) | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-04 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 金属-繊維強化樹脂材料複合体 |
KR20200044060A (ko) | 2017-12-28 | 2020-04-28 | 닛폰세이테츠 가부시키가이샤 | 금속-섬유 강화 수지 재료 복합체 |
KR20200044881A (ko) | 2017-12-28 | 2020-04-29 | 닛폰세이테츠 가부시키가이샤 | 금속-섬유 강화 수지 재료 복합체 및 그 제조 방법 |
US11623432B2 (en) | 2017-12-28 | 2023-04-11 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Metal-fiber-reinforced resin material composite and production method thereof |
KR20200068154A (ko) * | 2018-12-04 | 2020-06-15 | 주식회사 포스코 | 탄소섬유 클래드 강판의 제조방법 |
KR102132596B1 (ko) * | 2018-12-04 | 2020-07-13 | 주식회사 포스코 | 탄소섬유 클래드 강판의 제조방법 |
DE112020002796T5 (de) | 2019-06-12 | 2022-03-03 | Toyo Kohan Co., Ltd. | Aufgerautes plattiertes blech |
KR20220018981A (ko) | 2019-06-12 | 2022-02-15 | 도요 고한 가부시키가이샤 | 조화 도금판 |
US11732376B2 (en) | 2019-06-12 | 2023-08-22 | Toyo Kohan Co., Ltd. | Roughened plated sheet |
US12104271B2 (en) | 2019-06-12 | 2024-10-01 | Toyo Kohan Co., Ltd. | Roughened plated sheet |
CN114901458A (zh) * | 2019-12-27 | 2022-08-12 | Dic株式会社 | 复合结构体及其制造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4903897B2 (ja) | 2012-03-28 |
US20140305903A1 (en) | 2014-10-16 |
JPWO2009116484A1 (ja) | 2011-07-21 |
US20110008644A1 (en) | 2011-01-13 |
US9567675B2 (en) | 2017-02-14 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP4903897B2 (ja) | 亜鉛系鍍金鋼板と被着材の接合体及びその製造方法 | |
JP5554483B2 (ja) | 金属と樹脂の複合体及びその製造方法 | |
JP5237303B2 (ja) | 鋼材と樹脂の複合体とその製造方法 | |
JP5094849B2 (ja) | ステンレス鋼複合体 | |
JP5129903B2 (ja) | マグネシウム合金複合体とその製造方法 | |
JP5139426B2 (ja) | 鋼材複合体及びその製造方法 | |
JP5253416B2 (ja) | 金属と樹脂の複合体とその製造方法 | |
JP5008040B2 (ja) | チタン合金複合体とその接合方法 | |
EP2174766B1 (en) | Composite of metal with resin and process for producing the same | |
JP5426932B2 (ja) | 金属合金と熱硬化性樹脂の複合体及びその製造方法 | |
JP5733999B2 (ja) | 金属樹脂複合体の製造方法 | |
US20100098910A1 (en) | Aluminum alloy composite and method for joining thereof | |
EP2322691A1 (en) | Iron alloy article, iron alloy member, and method for producing the iron alloy article | |
JPWO2008126812A1 (ja) | 銅合金複合体とその製造方法 | |
WO2009093668A1 (ja) | 金属合金と被着材の接合体とその製造方法 | |
JP4906004B2 (ja) | 金属合金と繊維強化プラスチックの複合体の製造方法 | |
JP2009241569A (ja) | 管状接合複合体 | |
JP2011116950A (ja) | Cfrpプリプレグ及び接合体 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 09722719 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 12922069 Country of ref document: US Ref document number: 2010503860 Country of ref document: JP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 09722719 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |