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WO2009115940A1 - Dispositif de concentration de lumière - Google Patents

Dispositif de concentration de lumière Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009115940A1
WO2009115940A1 PCT/IB2009/050996 IB2009050996W WO2009115940A1 WO 2009115940 A1 WO2009115940 A1 WO 2009115940A1 IB 2009050996 W IB2009050996 W IB 2009050996W WO 2009115940 A1 WO2009115940 A1 WO 2009115940A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
lightguides
luminescent
array
arrangement
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2009/050996
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Bernd Ackermann
Original Assignee
Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh
Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh, Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. filed Critical Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh
Publication of WO2009115940A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009115940A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0005—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being of the fibre type
    • G02B6/0006—Coupling light into the fibre
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S11/00—Non-electric lighting devices or systems using daylight
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/12—Light guides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/30—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/75—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with conical reflective surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
    • F24S30/45—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with two rotation axes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/40—Optical elements or arrangements
    • H10F77/42—Optical elements or arrangements directly associated or integrated with photovoltaic cells, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H10F77/45—Wavelength conversion means, e.g. by using luminescent material, fluorescent concentrators or up-conversion arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S2023/87—Reflectors layout
    • F24S2023/872—Assemblies of spaced reflective elements on common support, e.g. Fresnel reflectors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a light concentrating device comprising at least one optical element or an array of optical elements designed and arranged to collect light impinging on said element(s) and to couple the collected light into an arrangement of lightguides (e.g. optical fibers) extending in a plane below said optical element(s).
  • Light concentrating devices of this type are in particular suitable for daylighting systems which can bring daylight deep into rooms and buildings. Fiber optic daylighting systems are especially interesting since they can be well integrated into the construction of buildings.
  • WO 03/091621 discloses a daylighting device in which a solar ray collecting device is arranged to collect sunlight and to direct said sunlight to a light transmitting device, which may be formed of an arrangement of lightguides.
  • the solar ray collecting device comprises several convex and concave lenses which are arranged to be moveable in dependence of the angle of incidence of the solar light so as to focus the solar light into the light transmitting device.
  • the devices collecting direct sun light by tracking the sun can reach a high collecting efficiency only in the case of direct sun light, but are not very efficient in the case of diffuse skylight.
  • the object is achieved with the light concentrating device according to claim 1.
  • Advantageous embodiments of this device are subject matter of the dependent claims or are disclosed in the subsequent portions of the description.
  • the proposed light concentrating device comprises at least one translucent optical element or translucent array of optical elements designed and arranged to collect light impinging on said optical element(s) and to couple the collected light into an arrangement of lightguides extending in a plane below said optical element(s).
  • the proposed light concentrating device is characterized in that in addition to the above direct sun light collector a luminescent light concentrator is arranged below said arrangement of lightguides to collect and concentrate light penetrating through said optical element or array of optical elements and said arrangement of lightguides.
  • devices collecting direct sunlight by tracking the sun collect virtually no diffuse skylight. Since in the proposed device a translucent optical element or a translucent array of optical elements is used to collect the direct sunlight, diffuse sky light not collected by said optical element(s) can penetrate through the optical element or array of optical elements and the arrangement of lightguides extending in a plane below said optical element(s) and can be collected by a further component, a luminescent light concentrator.
  • a luminescent light concentrator By stacking the optical element or array of optical elements, which is preferably actuated to track the sun, on top of a luminescent light concentrator, the major part of diffuse sky light passing through the optical element or array of optical elements is collected by the luminescent light concentrator. This significantly improves the efficiency of the device under changing light or weather conditions.
  • Luminescent light concentrators are known, for example, from A.A. Earp et al, "Optimization of a three-colour luminescent solar concentrator daylighting system", Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells 84 (2004), 411 - 426. The description of the luminescent solar concentrator of this publication is incorporated herein by reference. Such luminescent concentrators are known to collect both direct sunlight and diffuse skylight, but are comparatively inefficient in collecting the direct sun light. With the claimed device combining direct sunlight collecting systems in a stack with such a luminescent solar concentrator, the device performs well both under clear sky (mainly direct sunlight) and overcast sky (mainly diffuse sunlight) conditions.
  • the basic concept of a luminescent light concentrator is to provide one or several layers of a translucent material doped with fluorescent or luminescent dyes which effectively absorb the impinging skylight and emit fluorescent or luminescent light in the visible wavelength region.
  • These layers preferably doped sheets of a glass or polymer material like PMMA (Polymethylmetacrylate) are coupled with their side faces to one or several lightguides in which the emitted light is transported.
  • PMMA Polymethylmetacrylate
  • Fiber optic daylighting is especially attractive since it allows for seamless integration with artificial lighting and can be used in building renovation.
  • the application of this light concentrator is not limited to daylighting.
  • Other applications may be for example in the fields of photovoltaics or bioreactors or may include fields like heating, cooking, photovoltaic electricity generation, thermal electricity generation, horticulture etc.
  • the direct sunlight collected by the optical element or array of optical elements and the remaining light collected by the luminescent light concentrator are both transported with the corresponding lightguides to the places in which the collected light is to be used.
  • the lightguides are preferably formed of optical fibers or optical fiber bundles.
  • the fibers are multimode fibers, in particular plastic optical fibers (POF) having a high numerical aperture. With the large diameter of such fibers, for example with a core diameter of nearly lmm, transmission is possible even if the ends of the fibers are slightly soiled or damaged or if the light axis is slightly off center.
  • the optical element or array of optical elements of the proposed device is preferably part of a tracking system which actively moves the optical elements for tracking the sun.
  • tracking systems for optical elements are known in the art.
  • the proposed device is not limited to any of such known systems as long as these arrays are sufficiently translucent to allow the penetration of diffused skylight to the underlying luminescent light concentrator.
  • Examples of appropriate optical elements are conventional lenses or Fresnel lenses as known in the art.
  • Fig. 1 a schematic view of a device according to the present invention
  • Fig. 2 a schematic view of a luminescent light concentrator which can be used in the proposed device.
  • Fig. 3 a schematic view of optical elements which can be used in the array of optical elements of the proposed device.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of the proposed light concentrating device.
  • This device comprises a two-dimensional array 1 of optical elements 2 which are in this example formed of lenses each mounted in a cone-formed holder.
  • the holders can be actuated by appropriate driving units, not shown in this figure, in order to synchronously track the way of the sun.
  • An appropriate tracking mechanism is for example shown in WO 2006/049560. With this tracking mechanism the direct sunlight is at any time collected very efficiently by the array 1 of optical elements 2.
  • the lenses focus the sunlight to the entry aperture of optical fibers 3 which are appropriately bend to extend in a plane below the array 1 of optical elements 2.
  • This arrangement of fibers 3 is schematically sketched in figure 1.
  • the light collected by the optical elements 2 is transported by the fibers 3 to the left side end of the fibers.
  • the direct sun light is transported through the fibers 3 to this room.
  • the holders of the lenses in this case are made of a transparent plastic material, so that impinging light which is not collected by the lenses penetrates through the array of lenses and through the arrangement of fibers 3 to the luminescent light concentrator 4 which is arranged below the arrangement of fibers 3 as indicated in figure 1.
  • the tracking mechanism should also be constructed to allow the transmission of light as far as possible.
  • diffuse skylight 14 i.e. in the case of an overcast sky, most of the light penetrates to the luminescent light concentrator 4, since only rays impinging parallel to the optical axis of the lenses of the array are focused on the entrance window of the fibers 3.
  • This luminescent light concentrator 4 is doped with fluorescent dyes which absorb a high portion of the impinging light.
  • the light emitted by these fluorescent dyes is coupled into an optical lightguide 5, for example a further optical fiber or bundle of optical fibers, which is indicated on the left side of the luminescent light concentrator 4 in figure 1.
  • the light emitted by the dyes can then in the same way as the direct sun light be transported to the desired application with the optical lightguide 5.
  • the numerical aperture of a lens is sin (atan ( d / ( 2 * f ) ) ). If in simple cases, in which no graded index or similar fiber is used, both numerical apertures are identical, the diameter of the lens of a given focus length is ideally chosen maximum such that all collected light enters the fiber.
  • the fibers 3 may be POF fibers having an inner core diameter of approximately lmm and formed to a bundle of fibers. Instead of individually moving each of the lenses or holders, the whole lens arrangement including the fibers 3 and luminescent concentrator 4 may be mounted on a mounting plate which is then moved by motors to track the sun.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of a luminescent light concentrator 4 which may be used in the proposed device.
  • This luminescent light concentrator 4 is formed of a stack of three colored luminescent solar concentrators 6 connected to clear flexible lightguides 7.
  • Each colored luminescent solar concentrator consists of a clear PMMA matrix with dimensions of approx. l m x ⁇ ,15 m x 0,002 m and is doped with a colored fluorescent dye.
  • the solar concentrators are coupled with optically clear clue to the clear PMMA lightguides 7. With these lightguides 7 the light can be transported to underground rooms or windowless rooms in the center of a building.
  • white light output can be achieved, given a good match with the color of daylight.
  • the upper sheet may contain a violet dye
  • the intermediate sheet may contain a green dye
  • the lower sheet may contain a pink dye.
  • the dyes are selected to have a high quantum efficiency, to emit fluorescent light which in combination of all three colors is very close to white light and to overlap in their absorption bands such that most of the impinging light is absorbed by the three layers or sheets.
  • Solar energy enters the stack where it may be absorbed and randomly re-emitted by the violet dye in the top sheet. If the emitted photons travels below the critical angle with respect to the top or side surface of the sheet it will leave the collector. Otherwise it will be totally internally reflected to the end of the collector and then passes through the lightguide 7 to the illuminating end of the lightguide 7.
  • Photons that are not absorbed by the violet dye may be transmitted through to the next sheet, where they may be absorbed and re-emitted by the fluorescent green dye.
  • Highly reflective mirrors are fixed to the back edge of each sheet to reflect photons that are originally directed away from the lightguides 7. Some emitted photons may also leave each sheet at its base and enter in the pink sheet at the bottom of the stack where they may be subsequently re-absorbed and re-emitted.
  • a white or reflective (e.g. of aluminum) base plate is placed under the pink sheet to reflect any light reaching the base of the stack, thus increasing the absorption efficiency of the stack.
  • Figure 3 shows an example of optical elements which can be used in the array 1 of optical elements 2 of the proposed device.
  • the array of optical elements consists of two arrays of lenses 12, 13 arranged in two parallel planes one behind the other.
  • the upper plane contains an array of convex lenses 12, the lower plane an array of concave lenses 13.
  • the two lens arrays can be moved independent from one another in their corresponding planes allowing the tracking of the sun as can be seen from the three partial views showing different angles of the impinging direct sun light 8.
  • the combination of the convergent lens 12 and the concave lens 13 focuses the impinging sunlight to the entrance aperture of the optical fiber 3 for further transport. Light which does not impinge under the correct angle does not enter the fibers 3 and passes to the luminescent light concentrator not shown in this figure.
  • the construction of the luminescent light concentrator is not limited to the exemplary construction in the figures.
  • the concentrator may have less or more sheets of dyes and for example may also have other dimensions.
  • the array of optical elements at top of the device may also have any appropriate design able to collect direct sunlight and to be sufficiently translucent to allow diffused skylight which is not collected by the array to pass to the luminescent light concentrator. Furthermore, the distribution of the optical elements in the array and the arrangement of the lightguides is not critical and may have any appropriate form.
  • optical elements/lenses 3 optical fiber or fiber bundle

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention porte sur un dispositif de concentration de lumière comprenant au moins un élément optique translucide (2), ou un réseau translucide (1) d'éléments optiques (2), mis au point et agencés pour collecter de la lumière (8) incidente sur ledit ou lesdits éléments (2) et pour coupler la lumière collectée dans un agencement de guides de lumière (3) s'étendant dans un plan au-dessous dudit ou desdits éléments optiques (2). Un concentrateur de lumière luminescent (4) est agencé au-dessous dudit agencement de guides de lumière (3) pour collecter et concentrer la lumière pénétrant à travers ledit élément optique (2), ou ledit réseau (1) d'éléments optiques (2), et ledit agencement de guides de lumière (3). Le dispositif permet la collecte de la lumière du jour avec un rendement élevé, indépendamment des conditions météorologiques, à savoir la lumière du soleil directe et le rayonnement solaire diffus.
PCT/IB2009/050996 2008-03-18 2009-03-10 Dispositif de concentration de lumière WO2009115940A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08102727 2008-03-18
EP08102727.8 2008-03-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009115940A1 true WO2009115940A1 (fr) 2009-09-24

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2009/050996 WO2009115940A1 (fr) 2008-03-18 2009-03-10 Dispositif de concentration de lumière

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TW (1) TW200944713A (fr)
WO (1) WO2009115940A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012072917A (ja) * 2010-09-27 2012-04-12 Denso Corp 集光器及び集光装置
US20140017778A1 (en) * 2010-11-25 2014-01-16 Jean-François Cornet Solar photobioreactor with controlled volume flow dilution
WO2016034156A1 (fr) * 2014-09-03 2016-03-10 Jan Sehnoutek Dispositif pour l'utilisation de l'énergie solaire

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4539625A (en) * 1984-07-31 1985-09-03 Dhr, Incorporated Lighting system combining daylight concentrators and an artificial source
WO2003091621A1 (fr) * 2002-04-24 2003-11-06 Sandarna Parts Ab Dispositif d'eclairage utilisant la lumiere du jour

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4539625A (en) * 1984-07-31 1985-09-03 Dhr, Incorporated Lighting system combining daylight concentrators and an artificial source
WO2003091621A1 (fr) * 2002-04-24 2003-11-06 Sandarna Parts Ab Dispositif d'eclairage utilisant la lumiere du jour

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
EARP ET AL.: "Optimisation of a three-colour luminescent solar concentrator daylighting system", SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS & SOLAR CELLS, vol. 84, 25 May 2004 (2004-05-25), pages 411 - 426, XP002535017, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2004.02.046> *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012072917A (ja) * 2010-09-27 2012-04-12 Denso Corp 集光器及び集光装置
US20140017778A1 (en) * 2010-11-25 2014-01-16 Jean-François Cornet Solar photobioreactor with controlled volume flow dilution
WO2016034156A1 (fr) * 2014-09-03 2016-03-10 Jan Sehnoutek Dispositif pour l'utilisation de l'énergie solaire

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
TW200944713A (en) 2009-11-01

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