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WO2009011692A1 - Latex compatibles avec l'impression par jet d'encre - Google Patents

Latex compatibles avec l'impression par jet d'encre Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009011692A1
WO2009011692A1 PCT/US2007/073443 US2007073443W WO2009011692A1 WO 2009011692 A1 WO2009011692 A1 WO 2009011692A1 US 2007073443 W US2007073443 W US 2007073443W WO 2009011692 A1 WO2009011692 A1 WO 2009011692A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
latex
methacrylate
particulate
ink
acidic monomer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2007/073443
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English (en)
Inventor
Kent D. Vincent
Sivapackia Ganapathiappan
Original Assignee
Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. filed Critical Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
Priority to PCT/US2007/073443 priority Critical patent/WO2009011692A1/fr
Publication of WO2009011692A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009011692A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D11/00—Inks
    • C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks

Definitions

  • Water-based inks such as used in ink-jet printing, can incorporate water insoluble polymer as dispersed particulates.
  • the particulates are typically designed with a glass transition temperature (T 9 ) near room temperature to allow formation of a print-film on the printed substrate under normal ambient conditions.
  • thermal ink-jet printing presents a significant challenge to polymer particle-based inks since the ink is jetted under high fluidic shear at temperatures that are significantly above the T 9 of the particle.
  • Thermal ink-jet printing is rather unique in requiring a polymer solid to operate above its T 9 .
  • most other polymer solid applications typically only require performance below the T 9 of the solid.
  • conventional polymer particles produce severely degraded print and pen performance. This degradation typically includes reduced jet drop velocity, drop weight and attainable drop frequency (print speed), and clogged pen nozzles and ink channels.
  • FIG. 1 shows the change in dielectric constant of two polar homopolymers and two non-polar homopolymers with changing temperature
  • FIG. 2 shows relationships for an acceptable sequence of a copolymer of methacrylic acid, hexyl methacrylate, and styrene, in which mole percentages of each constituent as well as glass transition temperature and dielectric constant are plotted against polymer chain position on a continuous latex particulate copolymer;
  • FIG. 3 shows relationships for an unacceptable sequence of a copolymer of methyl methacrylate, hexyl acrylate, and methacrylolyoxy ethyl succinate, in which mole percentages of each constituent as well as glass transition temperature and dielectric constant are plotted against polymer chain position on a continuous latex particulate copolymer.
  • a "continuous" when referring to a latex particulate copolymer indicates that certain monomers used to form the copolymer are present substantially throughout the copolymerization process (and thus, are typically present substantially throughout the entire copolymer - or until a monomer is used up).
  • a "continuous copolymer” that includes at least one acidic monomer and at least one non-acidic monomer includes both monomers being copolymerized substantially throughout the polymerized latex particulate.
  • the acidic monomer will be present at a low frequency at a first end of the polymer chain, and at a higher frequency at a second end of the polymer chain (up to and including 100% acidic monomer at the surface of the particulate formed by the polymerization process).
  • this is not considered to be a core/shell particulate, and thus, a core/shell particulate would not qualify as a "continuous copolymer" in the context of a latex particulate of the present invention.
  • the core can be considered on an average of that property at the core when appropriate.
  • Colorant can include a dye, a pigment, and/or another type of particulate that may be suspended in a liquid vehicle with the latex prepared in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.
  • Dyes are typically water soluble, and therefore, can be desirable for use in many embodiments.
  • pigments can also be used in other embodiments.
  • Pigments that can be used include self- dispersed pigments and polymer dispersed pigments. Self-dispersed pigments included those that have been chemically surface modified with a charge or a polymeric grouping. This chemical modification aids the pigment in becoming and/or substantially remaining dispersed in a liquid vehicle.
  • the pigment can also be a polymer-dispersed pigment that utilizes a dispersant (which can be a polymer or an oligomer or a surfactant) in the liquid vehicle and/or in the pigment that utilizes a physical coating to aid the pigment in becoming and/or substantially remaining dispersed in a liquid vehicle.
  • a dispersant which can be a polymer or an oligomer or a surfactant
  • examples include magnetic particles, aluminas, silicas, and/or other ceramics or organo-metallics, whether or not such particulates impart color.
  • freqcel denotes a reduction in ink drop ejection velocity with increased pen firing frequency.
  • the lowering of drop velocity can be a problem as changes in the trajectory of the fired drops can reduce drop placement accuracy on the print media.
  • freqcel may be attributable to thermal shear stripping of surfactant from latex particles near a pen firing chamber at the time of drop nucleation. Greater pen firing energy can be used to counteract the freqcel phenomenon.
  • decel denotes an increase in ink flow resistance within pen micro-channels, which in turn, reduces ejected drop volume. Such flow resistance can be caused by changes in ink rheology or plugged channels, and is often responsible for ink starvation within a pen firing chamber.
  • decap is a measure of how long a nozzle may remain inactive before plugging and how many pen firings are required to re-establish proper drop ejection.
  • surface dielectric constant and “bulk dielectric constant” as well as the terms “bulk density” and “glass transition temperature” are interrelated and require a detailed explanation.
  • Table 1 below provides, by way of example, certain values for homopolymers that can be used to predict bulk or surface dielectric constants, bulk densities, and glass transition temperatures of latex copolymeric particulates prepared in accordance with principles of the present invention. Such predictions can be made in accordance with accepted Bicerano correlations, as described in Predictions of Polymer Properties, Bicerano, Jozef, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, NY, 1996.
  • Concentrations, amounts, and other numerical data may be expressed or presented herein in a range format. It is to be understood that such a range format is used for convenience and brevity, and thus, should be interpreted in a flexible manner to include not only the numerical values explicitly recited as the limits of the range, but also to include all the individual numerical values or subranges encompassed within that range as if each numerical value and sub-range is explicitly recited. To illustrate, a concentration range of "0.1 wt% to 5 wt%" should be interpreted to include not only the explicitly recited concentration of 0.1 wt% to 5 wt%, but also include individual concentrations and the sub-ranges within the indicated range.
  • concentrations such as 1 wt%, 2 wt%, 3 wt%, and 4 wt%
  • sub-ranges such as from 0.1 wt% to 1.5 wt%, 1 wt% to 3 wt%, from 2 wt% to 4 wt%, from 3 wt% to 5 wt%, etc.
  • This same principle applies to ranges reciting only one numerical value. For example, a range recited as "less than 5 wt%" should be interpreted to include all values and sub-ranges between 0 wt% and 5 wt%. Furthermore, such an interpretation should apply regardless of the breadth of the range or the characteristics being described.
  • a latex suitable for ink-jet applications can comprise a liquid vehicle and a latex particulate dispersed therein.
  • the latex particulate is not a core-shell particulate, and can be a continuous copolymer comprising at least one acidic monomer and at least one non-acidic monomer.
  • the at least one acidic monomer is copolymerized throughout the latex particulate but is more concentrated at an outer surface of the particulate than at a core of the particulate.
  • the latexes of the present invention can also be incorporated into ink-jet inks.
  • the present invention provides ink-jet inks that can comprise an aqueous ink vehicle (which can be the liquid vehicle of the latex or can include other fluids added thereto), a colorant (pigment and/or dye), and latex particulate(s).
  • aqueous ink vehicle which can be the liquid vehicle of the latex or can include other fluids added thereto
  • a colorant pigment and/or dye
  • latex particulate(s) may be physically associated with the latex particulate or separate therefrom.
  • the colorant may be fully or partially encapsulated by the latex particulate. If encapsulated, such encapsulation restricts or minimizes separation of the colorant and latex particle upon printing, providing a more durable print film in some embodiments.
  • the latex particle may also be used to disperse the colorant within the ink vehicle.
  • the function of the latex particle in capsule form can be same as with its pure latex (non- capsule) form.
  • the polymer can fully or predominantly define the surface properties of the particle.
  • reference to a colorant and latex particulate herein can include both combined (encapsulated) and separated forms.
  • any reference to a latex particulate without mention of a colorant can also include the colorant encapsulated form as well as the pure polymer latex form.
  • a system for printing images can comprise an ink-jet ink including a liquid vehicle, a colorant, and a latex particulate being other than a core-shell particulate.
  • the latex particulate can also be a continuous copolymer including at least one acidic monomer and at least one non-acidic monomer, wherein the at least one acidic monomer is copolymerized substantially throughout the latex particulate but is more concentrated at an outer surface of the particulate than at a core of the particulate. Further, the latex particulate can have a higher glass transition temperature at the surface than at the core.
  • the system also includes an ink-jet architecture, e.g., thermal ink-jet architecture, loaded with the ink-jet ink.
  • a method of making a latex can comprise copolymerizing at least one acidic monomer with at least one non-acidic monomer in a liquid to form latex particulates therein, wherein reaction conditions, monomer selection, relative amounts of monomers, and relative reactivities between monomers causes the at least one acidic monomer to be present throughout the particulate, with the proviso that upon formation of the latex, at least one acidic monomer is substantially more concentrated at a surface of the latex particulates than at a core of the latex particulates.
  • the latex particulates can have a surface dielectric constant below about 2.9, about 2.8, or even below about 2.77.
  • the particulates can have a higher glass transition temperature at its surface than at its core.
  • the particulates can have a bulk density of from 1.00 g/cm 3 to 1.05 g/cm 3 .
  • the particulates can be crosslinked with a crosslinking agent, e.g., the latex particulates can be crosslinked with a crosslinking agent being present in the copolymer at from 0.5 wt% to 5 wt%.
  • the latex particulates can also be configured to have a glass transition temperature of from 0 °C to 50 0 C at their surfaces, and a lower glass transition temperature, e.g., sufficient to form a film at room temperature, at their cores.
  • additional monomers can also be present, such as a second or third non-acidic monomer, or a second or third acidic monomer.
  • acidic monomers include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, vinyl benzoic acid, methacryloyloxyethylsuccinate, and combinations thereof.
  • non-acidic monomers that can be used include styrene, butyl acrylate, methyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, hexyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, octyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, derivative thereof and combinations thereof.
  • derivatives include methyl styrene or the like.
  • Other acidic and non-acidic monomers can also be used, the above lists being exemplary only.
  • Table 1 is provided and includes information about certain homopolymers, monomers of which can be used to form the copolymeric continuous latex particulates in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. Additionally, it is noted that not all of the homopolymers listed in Table 1 are effective for use in making the latex particulates described herein. Table 1 is merely provided to describe what is meant by the terms “surface dielectric constant” or “bulk dielectric constant” as well as the terms “bulk density” and “glass transition temperature.” Table 1 - Homopolymer values
  • the bulk or surface dielectric constant, bulk density, and glass transition temperature of latex copolymers formed by copolymerization of any combination of these monomers may be predicted using the following Bicerano correlations and glass transition temperature relationships:
  • Dielectric constant ( ⁇ ) 1.412014 + (0.001887E coh i + N dc ) / V w
  • ⁇ and p are the latex bulk or surface dielectric constant and bulk density, respectively.
  • E ⁇ h i, N dC , V w , W, and V are the molar fraction sum of the monomer cohesive energies, fitting parameters, van der Waals volumes, molecular weights, and molar volumes, respectively.
  • the inverse latex glass transition temperature, [1/Tg] CO poiymer, which is computed in Kelvin as provided in Equation 3, is the sum (n) of the ratio of weight fraction to glass transition temperature of each monomer in the latex copolymer.
  • the terms "bulk dielectric constant” and “surface dielectric constant” can be used interchangeably.
  • the bulk dielectric constant describes not only the core hydrophobicity, but also the surface hydrophobicity, as the core and the surface are, on average, of the same material.
  • the present invention provides polymer sequences comprising monomer sets designed to minimize bulk density, as well as surface dielectric constant of latex particles and thereby reduce the effects of temperature on interparticle interaction.
  • the dependence of print performance and pen reliability on particle dielectric constant is unique to thermal inkjet and is contrary to conventional latex performance norms. While not being bound to one particular theory, it is believed here that dielectric constant determines the extent of increased inter- particle attractive energy that occurs above the particle glass transition temperature (T 9 ).
  • a thermal ink-jet particle is preferably functional at temperatures reaching 5O 0 C above its polymer glass transition temperature. Firing chamber temperatures can reach 60-70 0 C during high drop frequency, blackout printing. The particle, on the other hand, requires a glass transition (softening) temperature near 2O 0 C to allow room temperature print-film formation. .
  • Dielectric constant is a measure of the dipole density and polarizability of a polymer. Dielectric constant is classically measured through capacitance, where a layer of material is subjected to an orthoganol electric field by applying a voltage across sandwiching electrodes. The number and intensity of dipoles (dipole density) in the material and their ability to align with the field (polarizability) determines the material's dielectric constant.
  • the dielectric constant of polar polymers increases with temperature (and dramatically so above the polymer glass transition temperature), as shown for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) in FIG. 1.
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • polar polymers include permanent dipoles that are somewhat randomly oriented in the particle solid due to the folding of the polymer chain. With temperature, the dipoles become more mobile and are more freely able to align and polarize the particle (higher polarizability), increasing the polymer dielectric constant.
  • the degree of dipole mobility increases rapidly as the temperature exceeds the polymer glass transition temperature.
  • the dielectric constant of PVC for example, triples within a 4O 0 C span above its glass transition temperature, as shown in FIG. 1. The same behavior is expected for polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), also shown in FIG.
  • Non-polar polymers normally contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms and owe their low dielectric constant to weak instantaneous, non-permanent dipoles. The weak dipoles are virtually unaffected by temperatures of interest.
  • the divergent behavior of polar and non-polar polymers shown in FIG. 1 suggests that a blend of polar and non-polar constituents can produce a polymer having a stable dielectric constant with temperature.
  • the print performance of various tested latexes suggests that the threshold occurs at a room temperature dielectric constant f ⁇ oc) of 2.75, since above this value particle print performance degrades unacceptably.
  • This threshold dielectric constant corresponds very well with the approximate split point of polar and non-polar polymer behavior shown in FIG. 1.
  • the non-polar constituents can be low oxygen density non-acidic monomers while the polar constituents are higher oxygen density acidic monomers. Acidic monomers that satisfy this relationship are set forth above.
  • the acidic monomers are concentrated on the particle surface, and the acidic monomer concentration decreases toward the core.
  • a radially-oriented gradient of acid monomer concentration can exist in the particle, with the lowest concentration being at the particle core and the highest being at the particle surface (up to 100%, depending in part of the other monomers and relative amounts present).
  • the particle incorporates sufficient acidic monomer at the surface to provide for stabilization of particle charge, while maintaining a low surface dielectric constant to minimize interparticle interaction.
  • the dielectric constant will remain low in the elevated temperatures associated with thermal ink-jet printing.
  • the surface dielectric constant of the particle is below about 2.9, about 2.8, or even below about 2.77.
  • the surface dielectric constant of the particle is 2.75 or less.
  • T pen the difference between the pen firing chamber temperature (T pen ) and T 9 can become a factor in thermal ink-jet performance. This is particularly so with regard to printing applications that require high nozzle firing frequency, such as area-fill printing.
  • High firing frequency causes higher pen temperatures, which can result in increased particle aggregation and viscosity in inks based on particles with high dielectric constants. Therefore, it can be beneficial for a latex particulate to possess a higher T 9 , so as to minimize the effects of high pen temperature on the particle's dielectric constant.
  • a particle having a T 9 that is too high may not allow adequate print-film formation when printed onto a substrate at room temperatures.
  • the latex particulates possess a higher T 9 at the particle surface than at the particle core.
  • the surface T 9 can be from 30 °C to 50 °C, while the polymer below the surface will have a lower T 9
  • a higher surface T 9 can be achieved by incorporating acidic monomers whose homopolymers exhibit high T 9 . It can be further accomplished by including one or more non-acidic monomers whose homopolymers exhibit high Tg, such as styrene. In certain embodiments of the invention, non-acidic monomers can also be present at the surface, as long as the glass transistion temperature of the core is lower than the surface, and as long as the acidic monomer is more concentrated at the surface than at the core. It is often desirable to stabilize the formed particle to withstand the high thermal shear conditions of the pen firing chamber without impacting the film- forming character of the particle.
  • the polymer particle is prone to coalescence and precipitation in the high thermal shear nozzle and feed channel zones of the pen, eventually fouling the pen.
  • Such stabilization can be obtained through incorporation of from 0.5 wt% to 5 wt% addition of a multimer or crosslinking agent, such as a dimer, capable of forming crosslinks between polymer chains in the latex.
  • the multimer can be present at from 1 wt% to 2 wt%.
  • Such a multimer can be represented by ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, though others can be used as would be known by those skilled in the art after considering the present disclosure. This narrow range of crosslinking has been found preferred in maintaining the integrity of the latex under the high thermal shear conditions of thermal ink-jetting, while not adversely impacting its room temperature film-forming properties.
  • an ink-jet compatible latex polymer in accordance with embodiments of the present invention can have a bulk density from 0.90 g/cm 3 to 1.10 g/cm 3 .
  • the bulk density can be from 1.0 g/cm 3 to 1.05 g/cm 3 , or even 1.02 g/cm 3 to 1.05 g/cm 3 .
  • a copolymer sequence in which acidic constituents are concentrated at one end may be achieved by careful selection of the proper combination of acidic and nonacidic monomers to be copolymerized, as well as proper selection of relative amounts of each monomer for copolymerization along a chain length.
  • an alternating acid/non-acid monomer sequence can be preferred on the latter acid end of the polymer. This allows for a high surface acid concentration with simultaneous dipole density dilution. It also allows most of the acid to be consumed in forming one end of the polymer chain, leaving the remaining length of chain mostly non-acid bearing.
  • a design starting point is to select a co-reacting monomer that will form an alternating reaction sequence with the selected acid monomer while diluting its dipole density.
  • the reactivity preference between monomers is can be considered to determining relative sequences.
  • Equation 4 the rate of reaction k ra d ⁇ cai,monomer for each combination of chain end free radical and unreacted monomer is computed and compared as ratios.
  • the reactivity ratios of Equations 4 and 5 may be used to predict the mole fraction of monomers entering successive segments of a propagating polymer made of multiple monomers. For each segment, the reacting mole fraction varies depending on the instantaneous composition of monomers not yet reacted and their respective Q-e values.
  • Equation 6 Equation 6
  • a second non-acidic monomer will have a lower T 9 and lower dipole density than either of the first two monomers. This allows the largest balancing impact for the least additive disruption to the alternating acidic-non-acidic monomer sequence. These qualities also promote the greatest ramp in acid from the first end of the chain to the second end, since the third co-reactant polymerizes primarily following the depletion of the acidic monomer.
  • the resulting sequence will have most of the acid monomer concentrated at a second end of the polymer chain, with little acidic monomer at its first end. It is noted that though these polymers are referred to as having a first end and a second end, it is generally the case that the concentrations of the monomers are present in the monomer as a "ramp" where a monomer is present at low concentration at one end and ramps up to a higher concentration at another end, for example.
  • the acidic monomer generally gradually increases in concentration from a first end of the continuous polymer to a second end of the continuous polymer, e.g., the second end of the continuous polymer includes at least 10% more acidic monomer by weight than is present at the second end of the continuous polymer.
  • the second end of the continuous polymer includes at least 10% more acidic monomer by weight than is present at the second end of the continuous polymer.
  • at least 20 mol% of the acidic monomer in the sequence will be present at the second end of the chain.
  • the first end may little to no acidic monomer up to 10% less acidic monomer than is present at the surface.
  • the copolymers and resulting latex particulates of the present invention can be prepared through methods such as an emulsion or miniemulsion polymerization system, using commonly-used free-radical initiators.
  • Such initiators include, but are not limited to, potassium persulfate, sodium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, hydrogen peroxide, 2,2'-azobis(2-methyl propinamideine)dihydrochloride, 4,4'-azobis(4-cyanovaleric acid) and salts thereof, and 1 ,1'-aobis(N,N'-dimethylformamide).
  • the process can be carried out in batch, semi-batch, or continuous mode.
  • Example 1 Preparation of various latexes
  • Nine latex copolymers were prepared using the same procedure and total weight percents of monomers and additives, the only difference being the individual monomers and weight percent for each monomer selected.
  • the monomer content for each copolymer is set forth in Table 3 below:
  • Each latex was prepared according to the following procedure: A 200 gram monomer mix consisting of three or four monomers in weight percentages according to Table 3 was mixed into 70 ml of water. Each mixture was emulsified with Rhodafac RS710 surfactant in 14.6 g of water. The Rhodafac concentration for each copolymer preparation was varied from between 1.5 wt% to 2.5 wt% to maintain a collective particle size between 220 nm to 260 nm. A solution of 1 g potassium persulfate in 50 ml water was added dropwise over a period of 24 to a reactor containing 650 ml of 90 0 C water.
  • the emulsion was dropwise added to the reactor over a period of 20 minutes.
  • the reaction was maintained at 90 0 C for 1.5 hour, and then cooled to room temperature.
  • Each of the resulting latex polymers were neutralized with potassium hydroxide solution to bring the pH of each latex solution to about 8.5.
  • Each of the nine latex copolymers prepared were then filtered with a 200 mesh filter to particle sizes from about 220 to 260 nm.
  • the surface dielectric constant, bulk density, and glass transition temperature of latex copolymeric particulates of Example 1 can be ascertained, provided certain information is known about the monomers used in the latex particulate. Specifically, by using the relationships described in Equations 1-3 provided above, and the homopolymer values shown in Table 1 , the nine latexes prepared in Example 1 were calculated to have the respective bulk or surface dielectric constants and bulk densities shown in Table 4 below. The glass transition temperatures for the latexes are also shown. The latexes were tested in identical ink systems and are ordered below based on the results with respect to freqcel, decel, and decap performance, as follows:
  • each of the latexes prepared in accordance with Example 1 were incorporated into a standardized ink formulation and print tested for freqcel, decel, and decap using a Hewlett-Packard thermal ink-jet pen.
  • Latexes having a dielectric constant above 3.0 failed to print above 8 kHz drop frequency and showed poor printability as measured by decel and decap metrics.
  • the severity of freqcel, decel, and decap problems increased proportionately as the latex dielectric constant was increased.
  • the latex having the highest dielectric constant (3.12) failed to print at 3 kHz.
  • Latexes having dielectric constant below 3.0 showed significant improvement in freqcel, decel and decap, with improvement appearing to be inversely proportional to latex dielectric constant.
  • Those latexes having dielectric constant below 2.8 had an even better freqcel, decel and decap performance.
  • Example 3 Head-to-tail monomer sequence of a representative copolymer in accordance with embodiments of the present invention
  • the sequence of the Copolymer 9 shown in Tables 3 and 4 above was analyzed by a sequence-predictive computer algorithm. The mole percentage of each constituent monomer was plotted against polymer chain position. As is shown in FIG. 2, the predicted monomer sequence of this copolymer had a definitive acid ramp, placing 20 mole percent methacrylic acid at the polymer second end and about zero acid at the first (starting) end of the polymer.
  • This copolymer incorporates two low solubility parameter monomers, styrene and hexyl methacrylate, to offset the high solubility parameter acid at the surface.
  • the lowest solubility parameter monomer of the two, hexyl methacrylate adds statistically to the second end of the composition by its high concentration in the overall monomer mix (73% by wt.).
  • the high presence of hexyl methacrylate along the length of the polymer chain assures that the overall polymer has a solubility parameter below that of many vehicle solvents ( ⁇ 20 Mpa 1/2 ).
  • Example 4 Head-to-tail monomer sequence of representative unacceptable copolymer
  • Example 4 Head-to-tail monomer sequence of representative unacceptable copolymer

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
  • Ink Jet (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne des particules de latex présentant une concentration en acide plus importante au niveau de leur surface qu'au niveau de leur noyau. Un procédé destiné à fabriquer de telles particules peut consister à copolymériser un monomère acide avec un monomère non acide, de manière à produire une chaîne de copolymères présentant davantage de monomères acides sur une extrémité que sur l'autre.
PCT/US2007/073443 2007-07-13 2007-07-13 Latex compatibles avec l'impression par jet d'encre WO2009011692A1 (fr)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2248861A1 (fr) * 2009-05-07 2010-11-10 Seiko Epson Corporation Composition d'encre pour enregistrement par jet d'encre
US11142604B2 (en) 2017-01-31 2021-10-12 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Latex polymer

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6277437B1 (en) * 1995-01-18 2001-08-21 The Dow Chemical Company Fast hardening aqueous coating composition and paint
EP1300422A1 (fr) * 2001-09-20 2003-04-09 Hewlett-Packard Company Particules amphipatiques de polymères et procédé pour leur préparation
US20040157957A1 (en) * 2003-02-06 2004-08-12 Sivapackia Ganapathiappan Low bulk density, low surface dielectric constant latex polymers for ink-jet ink applications
US20040197531A1 (en) * 2003-03-31 2004-10-07 Kent Vincent Latex-based overcoat for ink-jet printing applications
WO2005095531A1 (fr) * 2004-03-18 2005-10-13 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Particules encapsulees dans du latex pour applications de jet d'encre
EP1698674A1 (fr) * 2005-03-01 2006-09-06 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Particules de latex résistant au cisaillement

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6277437B1 (en) * 1995-01-18 2001-08-21 The Dow Chemical Company Fast hardening aqueous coating composition and paint
EP1300422A1 (fr) * 2001-09-20 2003-04-09 Hewlett-Packard Company Particules amphipatiques de polymères et procédé pour leur préparation
US20040157957A1 (en) * 2003-02-06 2004-08-12 Sivapackia Ganapathiappan Low bulk density, low surface dielectric constant latex polymers for ink-jet ink applications
US20040197531A1 (en) * 2003-03-31 2004-10-07 Kent Vincent Latex-based overcoat for ink-jet printing applications
WO2005095531A1 (fr) * 2004-03-18 2005-10-13 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Particules encapsulees dans du latex pour applications de jet d'encre
EP1698674A1 (fr) * 2005-03-01 2006-09-06 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Particules de latex résistant au cisaillement

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2248861A1 (fr) * 2009-05-07 2010-11-10 Seiko Epson Corporation Composition d'encre pour enregistrement par jet d'encre
US11142604B2 (en) 2017-01-31 2021-10-12 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Latex polymer

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