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WO2009009959A1 - Procede et systeme de traitement de signaux d'antennes multiples - Google Patents

Procede et systeme de traitement de signaux d'antennes multiples Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009009959A1
WO2009009959A1 PCT/CN2008/001322 CN2008001322W WO2009009959A1 WO 2009009959 A1 WO2009009959 A1 WO 2009009959A1 CN 2008001322 W CN2008001322 W CN 2008001322W WO 2009009959 A1 WO2009009959 A1 WO 2009009959A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
digital signal
digital signals
digital
rru
unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2008/001322
Other languages
English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Suling Zou
Jun Li
Hongbo Wang
Ju Fan
Original Assignee
Datang Mobile Communications Equipment Co., Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Datang Mobile Communications Equipment Co., Ltd filed Critical Datang Mobile Communications Equipment Co., Ltd
Publication of WO2009009959A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009009959A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and more particularly to a method and system for processing multi-antenna signals. Background technique
  • an analog signal is transmitted between the baseband and the transceiver.
  • the analog signal can be directly superimposed on the transmission line and sent to the baseband side for processing.
  • the analog signal will continue to decay.
  • the analog signal is usually amplified by a relay device (such as a dry station) to achieve no blind zone coverage.
  • the amplified signal is amplified while the noise signal is amplified. Shielding has a serious impact, and there is greater power consumption, and relay equipment has the disadvantage of being difficult to maintain.
  • a radio remote technology is introduced in the prior art to remotely place a radio unit in a base station and place it near the antenna.
  • a baseband unit BBU
  • RRUs radio remote units
  • the baseband demodulation of the BBU can only support multiple roots that do not exceed the design capability.
  • Antennas for example, a BBU supporting up to 6 subcarriers (indicated by C) and 8 antennas (indicated by A) support up to 48 signals.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and system for processing a multi-antenna signal, which are used to implement a single BBU in a distributed base station system to support multiple antennas exceeding their own design capabilities, to meet the development needs of the communication field, and to reduce the construction. Net cost.
  • a method of processing a multi-antenna signal comprising:
  • the radio remote unit R U converts the multiple analog signals received by the plurality of antennas into corresponding digital signals respectively;
  • the RRU performs vector superposition on the multiple digital signals corresponding to the same subcarrier according to the same time position, and combines the multiple digital signals into one digital signal.
  • a method of processing a multi-antenna signal comprising:
  • the first radio remote unit RRU converts the multiple analog signals received by the plurality of antennas into corresponding digital signals, and receives the digital signals output by the second RRU;
  • the first R U performs vector superposition on the multiple digital signals corresponding to the same subcarrier according to the same time position, and combines the multiple digital signals into one digital signal.
  • a method of processing a multi-antenna signal comprising:
  • the baseband interface unit BIU receives multiple digital signals from multiple radio remote units RRU; the BIU performs vector superposition of multiple digital signals corresponding to the same subcarrier according to the same time position, and combines the multiple digital signals into one way. Digital signal and output.
  • a method of processing a multi-antenna signal comprising:
  • the baseband unit BBU receives multiple digital signals from multiple radio remote units RRU or multiple baseband interface units BIU;
  • the BBU performs vector aggregation on the multiple digital signals corresponding to the same subcarrier according to the same time position, combines the multiple digital signals into one digital signal, and performs baseband digital signal processing.
  • a method of processing a multi-antenna signal comprising: The radio remote unit RRU receives the digital signal and copies the digital signal into multiple digital signals;
  • the RRU converts the copied multi-channel digital signals into corresponding analog signals, and respectively transmits the converted multi-channel analog signals to the plurality of antennas.
  • a distributed base station system includes:
  • the radio remote unit RU is configured to convert the multiple uplink analog signals received by the multiple antennas into corresponding uplink digital signals, and perform vector superposition on the multiple uplink digital signals corresponding to the same subcarrier according to the same time position. And merging into one uplink digital signal, and copying the received downlink digital signal into multiple downlink digital signals, and converting the multiple downlink digital signals into corresponding downlink analog signals, respectively outputting to the multiple Root antenna
  • the baseband unit BBU is configured to receive an uplink digital signal and perform baseband digital signal processing, and perform baseband digital signal processing and output on the downlink digital signal.
  • a distributed base station system includes:
  • a plurality of radio remote units RRU configured to convert the plurality of analog signals received by the plurality of antennas into corresponding digital signals and output the signals
  • a baseband interface unit BIU configured to perform vector superposition on the plurality of digital signals corresponding to the same subcarrier in the plurality of digital signals output by the plurality of RRUs according to the same time position, and combine them into one digital signal and output;
  • the baseband unit BBU is configured to receive the digital signal output by the BIU and perform baseband digital signal processing.
  • a radio remote unit includes:
  • a radio frequency subunit configured to send an analog signal to the plurality of antennas and receive an analog signal from the plurality of antennas
  • An intermediate frequency unit configured to convert an uplink analog signal into a corresponding digital signal, and convert the downlink digital signal into a corresponding analog signal
  • a merging/allocating sub-unit configured to perform vector superposition on multiple digital signals corresponding to the same sub-carrier in the uplink according to the same time position, and combine the multi-channel digital signals into one digital signal; And in the downlink, copying one digital signal into multiple digital signals;
  • An external interface subunit for receiving and transmitting digital signals.
  • a baseband interface unit includes:
  • the radio remote interface sub-unit is configured to receive digital signals from a plurality of radio remote units and transmit digital signals to the plurality of radio remote units;
  • the merging/allocation sub-unit is configured to perform vector superposition on the multi-channel digital signals corresponding to the same sub-carrier in the uplink multi-channel digital signal, and combine the multi-channel digital signals into one digital signal; and the downlink digital signal The signal is copied into a multi-channel digital signal;
  • a baseband interface subunit is configured to transmit a digital signal to and receive a digital signal from the baseband unit.
  • a baseband unit comprising:
  • a merging/allocation sub-unit for performing vector superposition on multiple digital signals corresponding to the same sub-carrier in the uplink according to the same time position, combining the multi-channel digital signals into one digital signal; and in the downlink,
  • the digital signal processed by the baseband digital signal is copied into a multi-channel digital signal; the baseband processing sub-unit is used for performing baseband digital signal processing.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a method for processing a multi-antenna signal, which realizes that a single BBU supports multiple antennas exceeding its own design capability, and reduces the network construction cost while realizing the expansion of the distributed base station system.
  • the number of BBUs, BIUs, and RRUs is not strictly limited in the embodiment of the present invention, and multiple RRUs may be connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid structure, so that the network system can form a chain network, a tree network, and a star network.
  • the network structure facilitates further capacity expansion and flexible networking of the distributed base station system.
  • the BBU, the BIU, and the RRU in the embodiment of the present invention can realize the combination of multiple digital signals, so that the capacity of the communication network can be greatly improved.
  • the number of digital signals that need to be combined can be flexibly adjusted according to the signal volume of different regions, and is applicable to various network environments and communication systems.
  • DRAWINGS 1 is a flow chart of a method for combining multiple digital signals in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for merging multi-channel digital signals when signal overflow is avoided in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for distributing a digital signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a basic structural diagram of a distributed base station system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of a distributed base station system including a BIU according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6A is a structural diagram of a distributed base station system when there are multiple BIUs in the embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6B is a structural diagram of a distributed base station system when the number of BBUs is multiple in the embodiment of the present invention
  • the structural diagram of the distributed base station system including the OM in the example;
  • FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of an RRU according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an internal processing flow of an RRU according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a structural diagram of a BIU in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an internal processing flow of a BIU according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a structural diagram of a BBU according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart of a method for processing a multi-antenna digital signal in a UL according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 14 is a flowchart of a method for processing a multi-antenna digital signal in a DL according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Another flowchart of a method for processing a multi-antenna digital signal in a UL in an embodiment of the invention
  • 16 is a flow chart of another method for processing a multi-antenna digital signal in a DL according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • the BBU in the distributed base station system supports more antennas by combining multiple digital signals.
  • the basic technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is: in the uplink (UL), the multiple multiplexed digital signals of the same subcarrier are vector superimposed at the same time position to be combined into one digital signal; and on the downlink (DL) In the process of copying a digital signal into multiple digital signals, and separately Sent to each port to send. Among them, the number of multiple digital signals that need to be copied depends on the number of corresponding ports.
  • Step 101 Convert multiple analog signals received from multiple antennas into corresponding digital signals, and obtain analog signals and Correspondence of digital signals; each antenna may be a multi-subcarrier antenna or a single subcarrier antenna.
  • Step 102 Determine the subcarriers corresponding to the digital signals according to the correspondence between the analog signals and the subcarriers and the corresponding relationship between the analog signals and the digital signals.
  • Step 103 According to the principle of time synchronization, the multiplexed digital signals corresponding to the same subcarrier and required to be combined are vector superimposed at the same time position to be combined into one digital signal.
  • Step 104 Perform time division multiplexing operation on the obtained digital signal, and transmit.
  • step 103 it is determined that there are multiple ways to combine the same multiple digital signals of the subcarriers, such as: determining that multiple digital signals from the local antenna need to be combined according to local configuration information; Yes: According to the control command from the operation and maintenance unit (OM) for signal combining configuration, for example, the control command includes the identifier of the antenna, such as (Tl, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 4), then the RRU is required to be from the antennas T1, ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 4 Multiple multiplexed digital signals with the same carrier are combined.
  • OM operation and maintenance unit
  • the same multi-channel digital signals from the sub-carriers of the antennas T1 and ⁇ 2 need to be combined into one way, and the sub-carriers from the antennas ⁇ 3 and ⁇ 4 are combined.
  • the same multi-channel digital signals are combined into one way. If no control command is received, the default is not to perform signal combining.
  • Another way is to define a transmission channel (called CA channel).
  • one antenna of one subcarrier can be used as a CA channel, and CA channels CA0, CA1 ⁇ CA47,
  • the identifier of the CA channel, such as CA1 is marked for each subcarrier of each antenna by local configuration information or a control command from the OM, and it is determined that the multiple digital signals corresponding to the same CA channel identifier need to be merged.
  • the specific manner of combining the digital signals in step 103 is: superimposing the multiple digital signals corresponding to the same subcarrier in the I component direction according to the same time position, and multi-channel digital signals corresponding to the same subcarrier in the Q component direction. , superimpose at the same time position.
  • the digital signal is regarded as a continuous combination of "1" and "0".
  • the data of one digital signal at one time position is 1100, and each " ⁇ or "0" is a data.
  • the time position, the superposition of the multi-channel digital signals is the bitwise addition of the data of the multi-channel digital signals, and the binary addition operation is performed.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further illustrates by the mathematical model.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for processing a multi-antenna signal in consideration of the above situation and other possible situations. Referring to FIG. 2, the specific method flow is as follows:
  • Step 201 Convert multiple analog signals from multiple antennas into corresponding digital signals, and the antenna may be a multi-subcarrier antenna or a single subcarrier antenna, or a smart antenna.
  • Step 202 Perform complex multiplication operations on each digital signal to implement beamforming, or to shift to the right, to avoid overflow of the combined signal.
  • the complex s (ie, the weighting coefficient vector) in the complex multiplication operation can be configured by the operation and maintenance unit (OM).
  • Step 203 Determine subcarriers corresponding to each digital signal. This step and step 202 are two separate operations, with no strict execution order.
  • Step 204 Perform vector superposition operations on the multiple digital signals corresponding to the same subcarrier that need to be merged according to the same time position, to be combined into one digital signal and transmitted. It is possible to know which digital signals need to be combined by control commands from the operation and maintenance unit or local configuration information.
  • Complex 3 [ ⁇ ⁇ , 3 2 , plural For example, an+jbn represents the complex number of the i-th digital signal multiplied.
  • the specific operation of multi-channel digital signal for complex multiplication can be expressed by mathematical model: s i X( . , y represents the number obtained after complex multiplication
  • Saturation indicates that the signal needs to be saturated, so that it can be judged whether a signal overflow occurs.
  • only the operation of complex multiplication is required in the first merging process of the digital signal.
  • the above embodiment has described in detail the method in which the RRU combines multiple digital signals into one digital signal, and correspondingly needs to implement digital signal distribution.
  • the method for distributing the received digital signal by the RRU in the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
  • Step 301 Receive a digital signal and demultiplex the multi-channel digital signal.
  • Step 302 Copy each digital signal in the multiple digital signals into multiple digital signals.
  • Step 303: Multiply each digital signal by a different weighting coefficient vector, and the weighting coefficient vector is a complex number, such as an+jbn, ⁇ + 2 +... + ⁇ resort], where ⁇ represents the maximum number of user equipments, A user equipment corresponds to a weighting coefficient vector, which can be determined by various algorithms such as Grid of Beam (GOB) or Eigenvalue Based Beamforming (EBB).
  • GOB Grid of Beam
  • EBB Eigenvalue Based Beamforming
  • Different RRUs can use the same w To implement multiple RRUs to send signals to multiple user equipments.
  • Different values can also be assigned to the weighting coefficient vectors, ⁇ 2 ⁇ to achieve weighting of multiple digital signals to distinguish their importance.
  • Step 304 Convert the multi-channel digital signals processed by the complex multiplication into corresponding analog signals and send them to multiple antennas.
  • the above embodiment has described in detail the way in which the RU combines multiple digital signals into one digital signal. Method and method of distributing digital signals. Now that the merging and distribution of digital signals has been achieved, a BBU can be connected to more RRUs. In the embodiment of the present invention, the BBU and the baseband interface unit (BIU) can also implement the operation of combining and distributing multiple digital signals, as shown in steps 202-204 and steps 302-304.
  • the distributed base station system in the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below. Referring to FIG. 4, the distributed base station system includes: a BBU and an RRU.
  • the BBU is used to complete the processing of the physical layer symbol level and chip level digital signals, and can connect multiple RRUs.
  • the BBU's maximum design capability is 6C/8A, which supports up to 48 CA channels.
  • the RRU is used to convert the analog signal from the antenna into a digital signal and then send it to the BBU, and convert the digital signal from the BBU into an analog signal and send it to the antenna.
  • One RRU may be connected to one or more antennas, each antenna carrying a single subcarrier or multiple subcarriers, and each antenna may also be a smart antenna including multiple antenna elements.
  • the direction of the series (or cascading) structure close to the BBU is referred to as the upper level
  • the direction away from the BBU ie, close to the RRU
  • each R U has a design capability of 3C/8A and can support 24 CA channels. According to the above example, when the BBU is connected to three or more RRUs, the design capability of the BBU is exceeded.
  • a baseband interface unit may be added between the BBU and the RRU.
  • the BIU is mainly used to forward digital signals between the BBU and the RRU.
  • digital signals from multiple RRUs need to be combined into one digital signal and sent to the BBU, and one digital signal from the BBU is copied into multiple digital signals and distributed to multiple RRUs.
  • each BBU is connected to each BIU, and the plurality of BBUs are connected in series, parallel or mixed relationship with each other.
  • the multiple BBUs in the embodiment of the present invention may be convenient for network networking, and the number of the multiple BBUs may be smaller than the number of BBUs in the prior art. For example, in the prior art, 48 antennas require 6 BBUs, but the embodiment of the present invention Only three BBUs are needed.
  • the baseband side in the embodiment of the present invention includes a BBU and a BIU.
  • any one of the BBU, the BIU, and the RRU can perform the operation of combining the multiple digital signals, and the OM or the configuration information determines the unit for performing the operation, and the structure of the distributed base station system including the OM is shown in FIG. 7. (The antennas connected to each RRU are not shown in the figure).
  • the OM controls and manages the BBU, BIU, and RRU through the control management channel (or C&M channel), and configures the BBU, BIU, and RRU by sending control commands.
  • the configuration includes whether to allow the digital signal to be merged.
  • the digital signals of the antenna and subcarrier are combined and the like.
  • an RRU can only combine a fixed number of antennas; or, the RRU can only be combined with the locally directly connected antennas; or, the RRU is required to combine the digital signals of the local and all lower-level RRUs; or It is specified that only the uppermost RRU (ie, the RRU directly connected to the baseband side) performs a merge operation; or, the BIU is specified to merge some or all of the digital signals from all RRUs.
  • the structure of the BBU, BIU, and RRU is described in detail below.
  • the RRU includes a radio frequency subunit 801, an intermediate frequency subunit 802, a merging/allocation subunit 803, a multiplexing/demultiplexing subunit 804, an external interface subunit 805, and a master and clock multiplexer.
  • Unit 806 the radio frequency subunit 801, an intermediate frequency subunit 802, a merging/allocation subunit 803, a multiplexing/demultiplexing subunit 804, an external interface subunit 805, and a master and clock multiplexer.
  • the radio subunit 801 is connected to one or more antennas to receive and transmit one or more radio signals (belonging to analog signals).
  • the antenna may be a single subcarrier antenna or a multiple subcarrier antenna.
  • the radio subunit 801 includes a plurality of ports, one of which is connected to an antenna.
  • the intermediate frequency sub-unit 802 performs conversion between an analog signal and a digital signal.
  • the intermediate frequency sub-unit 802 includes an intermediate frequency processing module and an intermediate frequency interface module.
  • the IF processing module is used to convert between analog and digital signals.
  • the IF interface module is used for interface adaptation of the IF processing module and the merging/allocation sub-unit 803.
  • Merge/allocate subunit 803 A plurality of merge/allocation modules are included, and each merge/allocation module is responsible for the merging and distribution of partial multi-channel digital signals.
  • the multiplexing/demultiplexing subunit 804 multiplexes the multiple uplink digital signals into one digital signal according to the configuration information or the control command issued by the OM; and demultiplexes and demultiplexes one downlink digital signal into multiple digital signals.
  • the external interface sub-unit 805 can be connected to the BBU, BIU, and other RRUs to receive and transmit digital signals.
  • the parallel digital signals are line coded and serially converted to generate a serial electrical digital signal for transmission. If the optical digital signal is connected to the external through the optical fiber, the electrical digital signal is converted into an optical digital signal and transmitted. When the cable is connected to the outside, an electrical digital signal is sent directly.
  • the digital signal In the downlink direction, the digital signal is received. If the optical digital signal is received, the optical digital signal is converted into an electrical digital signal, and the electrical digital signal is serial-to-parallel converted, the line is decoded, and a parallel digital signal is generated and sent to the RRU.
  • the master and clock synchronization sub-unit 806 controls the clocks of the radio sub-unit 801, the intermediate frequency sub-unit 802, the merging/allocation sub-unit 803, the multiplexing/demultiplexing sub-unit 804, and the external interface sub-unit 805.
  • the intermediate frequency sub-unit 802 converts the analog signal into a digital signal
  • the combining/distributing sub-unit 803 performs a combining operation on the multiple digital signals
  • the multiplexing/demultiplexing sub-unit 804 pairs the multi-channel digital signals.
  • Time division multiplexing If the external interface sub-unit 805 receives the digital signals transmitted by the other RRUs and needs to perform the combining operation on the received digital signals, the multiplexing/demultiplexing unit 804 demultiplexes the received digital signals, and combines/distributes them.
  • the subunit 803 performs a merge operation on the received digital signal and the local digital signal, and the merge process may be performed after the merge operation of the local digital signal, or may be combined with the local uncombined digital signal, and then multiplexed/
  • the demultiplexing subunit 804 multiplexes the combined digital signal into one or more digital signals and transmits them to the upper stage. Multiple multiplication operations can be performed on multiple digital signals before the merge operation.
  • the specific combination of the merge operation is as follows: Configure 10 transmission channels, obtain 30 digital signals after analog-to-digital conversion, combine each 3 digital signals into one digital signal and correspond to one transmission channel; or 5 digital signals are not Participate in and correspond to 5 transmission channels, and the other 25 digital signals are combined into 5 digital signals and correspond to 5 transmission channels.
  • the multiplexing/demultiplexing sub-unit 804 demultiplexes the received digital signal to obtain a multi-channel digital signal, and the combining/distributing sub-unit 803 copies each digital signal into multiple
  • the intermediate frequency sub-unit 802 converts the multiple digital signals into multiple analog signals and transmits them to the radio frequency sub-unit 801. Multiple multiplication operations can be performed on multiple digital signals after the copy operation.
  • the specific replication mode of the distribution operation is as follows:
  • the RU is configured with 10 transmission channels, 3 of the 6 antennas connected to the transmission channel 1 - 5, and the other 3 antennas correspond to the transmission channel 6 - 10,
  • the 10 digital signals of the obtained 10 transmission channels are duplicated, and 30 digital signals are obtained, that is, three sets of digital signals, each group being the same 10 digital signals; or, three antennas respectively corresponding to the transmission channels 1-3,
  • the other three antennas correspond to the transmission channels 4 - 10
  • the 4th - 10th digital signals of the 10 digital signals of the obtained 10 transmission channels need to be copied to obtain 3 groups of 21 digital signals, the first 1 - The 3 digital signals do not need to be copied.
  • the BIU in the embodiment of the present invention includes: a radio remote interface subunit 1001, a merge/allocation subunit 1002, a multiplexing/demultiplexing subunit A1003, a multiplexing/demultiplexing subunit B1004, and a baseband interface.
  • the radio remote interface subunit 1001 connects multiple RRUs and interacts with the multiple RRUs.
  • the digital signal is received, and if the optical digital signal is received, the optical digital signal is converted into an electrical digital signal, and the electrical digital signal is serial-to-parallel converted, the line is decoded, and a parallel digital signal is generated and sent to the BIU.
  • the parallel digital signal is line coded, and serially converted, and the serial electrical digital signal is generated and transmitted. If the optical digital signal is connected to the external through the optical fiber, the electrical digital signal is converted into an optical digital signal and then transmitted. When the cable is connected to the outside, an electrical digital signal is sent directly.
  • the radio remote interface subunit 1001 includes a plurality of ports, and one port is connected to one RRU.
  • the port is applicable to a variety of protocols, such as the Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI) protocol and the TD-SCDMA Remote Interface (TDRI) protocol.
  • CPRI Common Public Radio Interface
  • TDRI TD-SCDMA Remote Interface
  • the multiplexing/demultiplexing subunit A1003 will shoot
  • the digital signal sent by the frequency remote interface sub-unit 1001 is demultiplexed into multiple digital signals, and the multiple digital signals are time-multiplexed into one digital signal and then sent to the radio remote interface sub-unit.
  • the merging/allocation sub-unit 1002 according to the configuration information or the control command issued by the OM, in the UL, the same multi-channel digital signals of some or all of the sub-carriers are vector-superimposed according to the same time position, to be combined into one digital signal, superimposed Before the operation, the multi-channel digital signals may be multiplied by the weighting coefficient vector respectively; and in the DL, each of the digital signals is respectively copied into a multi-channel digital signal, and the copied multi-channel digital signals may be further multiplied by the weighting coefficient vector.
  • the merge/allocate subunit 1002 may include a plurality of merge/allocate modules, each of which is responsible for the merging and distribution of portions of the multi-way digital signals.
  • the multiplexing/demultiplexing sub-unit B1004 according to the configuration information or the control command issued by the OM, time-division multiplexing the multiple digital signals transmitted by the combining/distributing sub-unit 1002 into one digital signal, and demultiplexing and multiplexing one digital signal.
  • the multi-channel digital signal is then sent to the merge/allocation sub-unit 1002.
  • Baseband interface subunit 1005 connects to and interacts with the BBU.
  • the parallel digital signals are line coded and serially converted to generate a serial electrical digital signal for transmission. If the optical digital signal is connected to the external through the optical fiber, the electrical digital signal is converted into an optical digital signal and transmitted. When the cable is connected to the outside, an electrical digital signal is sent directly.
  • the digital signal is received, and if the optical digital signal is received, the optical digital signal is converted into an electrical digital signal, and the electrical digital signal is serial-to-parallel converted, the line is decoded, and a parallel digital signal is generated and sent to the BIU.
  • the baseband interface subunit 1005 may include a plurality of ports, one port being connected to one BBU.
  • the main control and clock synchronization subunit 1006, the control and synchronization radio remote interface subunit 1001, the merging/allocation subunit 1002, the multiplexing/demultiplexing subunit A1003, the multiplexing/demultiplexing subunit B1004, and the baseband interface The clock of unit 1005.
  • the multiplexing/demultiplexing sub-unit A 1003 demultiplexes the received digital signal to obtain a multi-channel digital signal, and the combining/distributing sub-unit 1002 combines the multi-channel digital signals.
  • multiplexing/demultiplexing sub-unit B1004 performs time division multiplexing on the combined multiple digital signals to obtain one digital signal. Multiple multiplication operations can be performed on multiple digital signals before the merge operation.
  • the specific merge mode of the merge operation is as follows: Configure 10 transmission channels, obtain 30 digital signals through multiple RRUs, combine each 3 digital signals into one digital signal and correspond to one transmission channel; or 5 digital signals do not participate And corresponding to 5 transmission channels, the other 25 digital signals are combined into 5 digital signals and correspond to 5 transmission channels.
  • the multiplexing/demultiplexing sub-unit B1004 demultiplexes the received digital signal to obtain a multi-channel digital signal, and the combining/distributing sub-unit 1002 copies each digital signal into multiple The digital signal, the multiplexing/demultiplexing sub-unit A1003 performs time division multiplexing on the multiple digital signals to obtain one or more digital signals. Multiple multiplication operations can be performed on multiple digital signals after the copy operation.
  • the specific replication mode of the distribution operation is as follows:
  • the BIU is configured with 10 transmission channels, and 3 RRUs of the directly connected RRUs correspond to the transmission channels 1 - 5, and the other 3 RRUs correspond to the transmission channels 6 - 10,
  • the 10 digital signals of the obtained 10 transmission channels are duplicated to obtain 30 digital signals, that is, 3 sets of digital signals, and each group is the same 10 digital signals; or, 3 RUs respectively correspond to the transmission channels 1 - 3
  • the other three RRUs correspond to the transmission channels 4 - 10, and the 4th - 10th digital signals of the 10 digital signals of the obtained 10 transmission channels need to be copied to obtain 3 groups of 21 digital signals, the first - 3 digital signals do not need to be copied.
  • the BBU in the embodiment of the present invention includes: an external interface subunit 1201, a multiplexing/demultiplexing subunit 1206, a merging/allocation subunit 1202, a baseband data I/Q control subunit 1203, and a baseband processing subunit. 1204 and a master and clock synchronization sub-unit 1205.
  • the external interface subunit 1201 connects and interacts with multiple BIUs or multiple RRUs.
  • the digital signal is received. If the optical digital signal is received, the optical digital signal is converted into an electrical digital signal, and the electrical digital signal is serial-to-parallel converted, the line is decoded, and a parallel digital signal is generated and sent to the BBU. Other subunits inside.
  • the parallel digital signal is line coded, and serially converted, and the serial electrical digital signal is generated and transmitted. If the optical digital signal is connected to the external through the optical fiber, the electrical digital signal is converted into an optical digital signal and then transmitted. When the cable is connected to the outside, an electrical digital signal is sent directly.
  • the external interface subunit 1201 includes a plurality of ports, each port corresponds to one BIU or one RRU, and each port is applicable to multiple protocols, such as a Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI) protocol, a TD-SCDMA Remote Interface (TDRI) protocol, and the like.
  • CPRI Common Public Radio Interface
  • TDRI TD-SCDMA Remote Interface
  • the multiplexing/demultiplexing sub-unit 1206 demultiplexes and demultiplexes one digital signal transmitted by the external interface sub-unit 1201 into multiple digital signals according to the configuration information or the control command issued by the OM, and time-multiplexes the multiple digital signals. It is sent to the external interface sub-unit 1201 as a digital signal.
  • the merging/allocation sub-unit 1202 according to the configuration information or the control command issued by the OM, in the UL, the same multi-channel digital signals of some or all of the sub-carriers are vector-superimposed according to the same time position, and combined into one digital signal, superimposed Before the operation, the multi-channel digital signals may be multiplied by the weighting coefficient vector respectively; and in the DL, each of the digital signals is respectively copied into a multi-channel digital signal, and the copied multi-channel digital signals may be further multiplied by the weighting coefficient vector.
  • the merge/allocate sub-unit 1202 may include a plurality of merge/allocation modules, each of which is responsible for the merging and distribution of portions of the multi-way digital signals.
  • the baseband data I/Q control sub-unit 1203 is for interface adaptation between the baseband processing sub-unit 1204 and the merging/allocation sub-unit 1202.
  • the baseband processing sub-unit 1204 performs processing of the physical layer symbol level and chip level digital signals, i.e., baseband digital signal processing.
  • the basic composition of the BBU is described above. The following describes the processing inside the BBU.
  • the multiplexing/demultiplexing sub-unit 1206 demultiplexes the received digital signal to obtain a multi-channel digital signal, and the combining/distributing sub-unit 1202 performs a combining operation on the multi-channel digital signals.
  • the baseband processing sub-unit 1204 performs baseband digital signal processing on the combined digital signal. Multiple multiplication operations can be performed on multiple digital signals before the merge operation.
  • the baseband processing sub-unit 1204 performs baseband digital signal processing on the digital signal, and the combining/distributing sub-unit 1202 copies the digital signal processed by the baseband digital signal into
  • the multi-channel digital signal, multiplexing/demultiplexing sub-unit 1206 time-multiplexes the multiple digital signals to obtain one or more digital signals. After the copy operation, multiple digital signals can be subjected to complex multiplication operations.
  • the BBU, the BIU, and the RRU are configured to perform the operations of combining the digital signals in the BBU, the BIU, and the RRU.
  • the flow of methods for combining the digital signals of the BBU, BIU, and RRU central molecular units can be performed by reference.
  • the configuration in the UL requires that each RRU needs to combine multiple digital signals from all the same subcarriers of the local and subordinate RRUs.
  • the signal processing procedure of the distributed base station system is as follows:
  • Step 1301 Each RRU converts the analog signal received through the antenna into a corresponding digital signal. For example, if the design capability of the RRU is 3C/8A, then one subcarrier corresponds to at least two digital signals. For example, there are 8 RRUs, 2 BIUs, and 1 BBU in the network, 1 BIU directly connects 2 RRUs, and each RRU directly connected connects 1 RRU.
  • Step 1302 Each RRU performs vector superposition operations on the same multi-channel digital signals of the local sub-carriers at the same time position to be combined into a plurality of different sub-carriers of the plurality of sub-carriers. For example, after the RRU performs the merging operation, three digital signals are obtained, and the three digital signals correspond to different subcarriers.
  • a plurality of digital signals different from each other in a subcarrier are referred to as a group of digital signals.
  • Each RRU can perform complex multiplication on multiple digital signals before performing vector superposition operations.
  • Step 1303 The lowermost RRU multiplexes multiple digital signals of different local subcarriers into one digital signal and transmits it to the upper stage.
  • the non-lowest level RU demultiplexes one digital signal from the lower level RRU into multiple digital signals of different subcarriers, and further combines with the locally combined multiple digital signals, and then time division multiplexes into one digital signal, The superior sends. If an RRU does not pass the antenna at this time Receiving the signal, only the multi-channel digital signals from the lower-level RRUs can be combined, or the digital signals from the lower-level RRUs can be directly forwarded. Or a certain RU does not need to perform a merge operation according to the configuration information or the control command, and then forwards the digital signal from the local and the lower-level RRU to the upper level.
  • the RRU of the upper stage combines the local 3 digital signals with the 3 digital signals from the lower RRU into 3 digital signals, and the 48 digital signals in the stage have been combined into 3 digital signals, which are time division multiplexed. After obtaining 1 digital signal.
  • Step 1304 The uppermost RRU sends the digital signal in the level to the BIU.
  • Step 1305 The BIU demultiplexes the multiple digital signals from the RRUs between the levels.
  • Step 1306 The BIU performs vector superposition operations on multiple sets of digital signals of different sets of subcarriers of the RRUs between the stages to be combined into a set of digital signals, and time-multiplexed a set of digital signals into one digital according to the configuration information.
  • the signal is sent to the BBU.
  • the BIU combines six digital signals sent by two RRUs into three digital signals, and obtains one digital signal after time division multiplexing.
  • Step 1307 The BBU separately demultiplexes the multiple digital signals from one or more BIUs to obtain multiple digital signals of one or more sets of different subcarriers.
  • Step 1308 The BBU performs baseband digital signal processing on the obtained multi-channel digital signals.
  • step 1307 and step 1308 when the BBU connects multiple BIUs, the plurality of sets of digital signals that may be received still exceed their own design capabilities, and the same multi-channel digital signals of the sub-carriers of the multiple sets of digital signals are required to be at the same time.
  • the position performs a vector superposition operation to obtain a plurality of different digital signals of different subcarriers.
  • the configuration requires that each RRU needs to combine all the same multiple digital signals from the subcarriers of the local and subordinate RRUs.
  • the signal processing procedure of the distributed base station system in the DL is as follows:
  • Step 1401 The BBU copies the multiple digital signals of a group of different subcarriers after the baseband digital signal processing, and obtains multiple sets of different subcarrier digital signals according to the number of connected BIUs, and sets a different set of subcarriers.
  • the multi-channel digital signal is multiplexed into one digital signal and sent to the BIU.
  • a plurality of different subcarriers of the plurality of digital signals correspond to one BIIL
  • Step 1402 The BBU performs multiplexing operation on each group of multiple digital signals to obtain multiple sets of digital signals. No. Each group only includes one digital signal, and sends multiple sets of digital signals to each BIU.
  • Step 1403 Each BIU determines, according to the local configuration information or the control command sent by the OM, the highest-level RRU that needs to receive the digital signal, and obtains the determined number of the highest-level RRU.
  • the multicast or broadcast service needs to send digital signals to multiple RRUs.
  • the unicast service only targets one specific user equipment.
  • the BIU only needs to send digital signals to one RRU. If beamforming is considered, the BIU can Multiple RRUs send digital signals.
  • Step 1404 The BIU copies a set of digital signals into multiple sets of digital signals according to the number of obtained RRUs, and sends them to the determined RRUs.
  • Step 1405 The uppermost RRU demultiplexes the digital signal from the BIU to obtain a plurality of different digital signals of different subcarriers.
  • the top RRU simultaneously forwards the digital signal from the BIU to the subordinate RRU.
  • the uppermost RRU may determine whether there is a user equipment that needs to receive a signal before performing the demultiplexing operation. If it does not exist, steps 1405 - 1407 may be omitted. If beamforming is considered, the next steps can be taken.
  • the uppermost RRU can determine whether a digital signal needs to be transmitted according to the control command sent by the OM.
  • Step 1406 The uppermost RRU copies the multiple digital signals of a different set of subcarriers into multiple sets of digital signals. For example, in the call service, only one antenna of the uppermost RRU connection needs to transmit a signal, and the copy operation can be omitted. If beamforming is considered, the number of groups obtained after copying can be the same as the number of antennas connected locally.
  • Step 1407 The uppermost RRU converts each set of digital signals into analog signals and sends them to the connected antennas. If the beamforming or weighting needs are considered, the uppermost RRU multiplies the multi-channel digital signal by the weighting coefficient vector and converts it into an analog signal and transmits it.
  • step 1404 when it is determined that a plurality of RRUs need to receive digital signals, the BIU demultiplexes one received digital signal to obtain a plurality of digital signals of different subcarriers, and according to the number of obtained RRUs, Copying multiple sets of digital signals of different subcarriers into multiple sets of digital signals, and then multiplexing each set of multiple digital signals to obtain multiple sets of digital signals, each group including only one digital signal, and multiple sets of digital signals The signals are sent to the determined RRUs, respectively.
  • step 1403 When it is determined that only one RRU needs to receive a digital signal, after performing step 1403, the BIU A digital signal from the BBU is sent directly to the determined RRU, and step 1405 is continued.
  • step 1405 The operation process of the RRU is the same, see step 1405 - step 1407, and details are not described herein again.
  • the lowermost RRU does not need to forward digital signals, but its internal digital signal processing is the same as the internal processing of the uppermost RRU. See also steps 1405 - 1407 for execution.
  • each RRU only need to combine multiple digital signals local or from a specific antenna to directly forward multiple digital signals from the lower RRUs to the upper level.
  • the RRU can be configured by sending an antenna identifier.
  • the antenna identifier can be various, such as the code (such as 10101), the number (such as 13), the IP address, the name, and the combination of the IP address and number of the RRU.
  • the following is a detailed description of the combination of local multi-channel digital signals.
  • the signal processing flow of the distributed base station system is as follows:
  • Step 1501 Each RRU converts the analog signal received through the antenna into a corresponding digital signal. For example, if the design capability of the RRU is 3C/8A, then one subcarrier corresponds to at least two digital signals.
  • Step 1502 Each R U performs vector superposition operation on the same multi-channel digital signal of the local sub-carriers at the same time position to be combined into a plurality of multi-channel digital signals of different sub-carriers. For example, after the RRU is combined, a set of three digital signals are obtained, and the three digital signals correspond to different subcarriers.
  • Each RRU can perform complex multiplication on multiple digital signals before performing vector superposition operations.
  • Step 1503 Each RRU multiplexes the multiple digital signals of different local subcarriers into one digital signal, and sends the uplink signal with one or more digital signals from the lower level RRU to the upper stage.
  • the lowest level RRU only needs to send local digital signals to the superior.
  • Step 1504 The uppermost RRU sends the multi-channel digital signal in the level to the BIU.
  • Step 1505 The BIU demultiplexes the multiplexed digital signals from the RRUs of the highest level to obtain a plurality of sets of digital signals.
  • Step 1506 The BIU performs vector superposition operation on multiple digital signals of multiple sets of different subcarriers of each RRU between the stages, and combines them into a group of multiple digital signals, and multiplexes them and sends them to the BBU.
  • Step 1507 The BBU demultiplexes one or more digital signals from one or more BIUs to obtain corresponding one or more sets of digital signals.
  • Step 1508 When the BBU is connected to multiple BIUs, the BBU performs vector superposition on the same multi-channel digital signals of the sub-carriers of the plurality of digital signals according to the same time position, and obtains a plurality of multi-channel digital signals of different sub-carriers.
  • Step 1508 can be skipped and directly executed.
  • Step 1509 The BBU is implemented to directly perform baseband digital signal processing on the set of multiple digital signals.
  • Step 1509 The BBU performs baseband digital signal processing on multiple digital signals of a group of different subcarriers.
  • each RRU combines the digital signals from the partial antennas of the lower-level RRUs according to the configuration requirements.
  • the uppermost RRU can only perform steps 1501, 1503, and 1504.
  • the uppermost RRU may perform the complex multiplication operation on the obtained digital signal before performing the merging operation; or, the uppermost RRU is merging.
  • the uppermost RRU is merging.
  • only the local digital signal is subjected to complex multiplication operation, and other RRUs in the series structure are subjected to complex multiplication operations on the respective local digital signals, and then output to the upper stage.
  • each RRU only needs to combine multiple digital signals locally or from a specific antenna to directly forward multiple digital signals from the lower RRUs to the upper level.
  • the following is a detailed description of the local multi-channel digital signal as an example.
  • the signal processing procedure of the distributed base station system in the DL is as follows, as shown in FIG.
  • Step 1601 The number of multiplexes of a group of different subcarriers after the BBU performs baseband digital signal processing The word signal is copied to obtain multiple sets of digital signals of different subcarriers.
  • Step 1602 The BBU multiplexes the multiple digital signals of each group of different subcarriers into one digital signal and sends it to the BIU.
  • Step 1603 Each BIU determines an RRU that needs to receive the digital signal and obtains the determined number of RRUs. The RRU is the highest RRU.
  • Step 1604 When it is determined that multiple RRUs need to receive digital signals, the BIU demultiplexes the received one or more digital signals to obtain corresponding one or more sets of multiple digital signals, each group including different subcarriers. Multiple digital signals.
  • Step 1605 The BIU copies the multiple digital signals of a different subcarrier into multiple sets of digital signals according to the number of obtained RRUs, or copies some or all of the digital signals of the received multiple sets of digital signals into multiple Group digital signal.
  • Step 1606 The BIU multiplexes the multiple sets of multiple digital signals and sends them to the determined RRU. If the RRU does not have the ability to copy and distribute digital signals, the BIU needs to send a multiplexed digital signal to an R U .
  • the BIU directly transmits the digital signal from the BBU to the determined RRU, and proceeds to step 1607.
  • Step 1607 The uppermost RRU demultiplexes a set of digital signals from the digital signals from the BIU to obtain a plurality of different digital signals of different subcarriers.
  • the uppermost RRU forwards the other sets of digital signals directly to the subordinate RRUs.
  • the upper-level RRU can omit the demultiplexing operation when determining that the call service is independent of the local, and directly forward the digital signal to the lower-level RRU. If beamforming is considered, the upper-level RRU can also be locally connected. When the antenna transmits a signal, it needs to perform demultiplexing.
  • Step 1608 The uppermost RRU copies the multiple digital signals of a different set of subcarriers into multiple sets of digital signals. For example, for a unicast service, only one antenna of the highest-level RRU connection needs to transmit a signal, and the copy operation can be omitted. If beamforming is considered, the number of groups obtained after copying can be the same as the number of antennas connected locally.
  • Step 1609 The uppermost RRU converts the multiple digital signals of each group of different subcarriers into The analog signals are sent to the connected antennas. If beamforming or weighting is considered, the uppermost RRU multiplies the multi-channel digital signal by the weighting coefficient vector and converts it into an analog signal and transmits it.
  • the operation process of the lower-level RRU after receiving the digital signal from the upper-level RRU is the same as that of the upper-level RRU. See step 1607 - step 1609, and details are not described herein.
  • the lowermost RRU does not need to forward digital signals, but the internal digital signal processing process is the same as the internal processing of the uppermost RRU. See also steps 1607 - 1609.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a method for processing a multi-antenna signal, which implements multiple antennas whose BBU connection exceeds its own design capability, and reduces the cost of network construction while realizing the expansion of the distributed base station system.
  • the number of BBUs, BIUs, and RRUs is not strictly limited in the embodiment of the present invention, and multiple RRUs may be connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid structure, so that the network system can form a chain network, a tree network, and a star network.
  • the network structure facilitates further capacity expansion and flexible networking of the distributed base station system.
  • the BBU, the BIU, and the RRU in the embodiment of the present invention can implement the combination and distribution of multiple digital signals, so that the capacity of the communication network can be greatly improved.
  • the number of digital signals that need to be combined can be flexibly adjusted according to the semaphores of different areas, and is applicable to various network environments and communication systems.
  • the BBU, the BIU, and the RRU in the embodiment of the present invention take into account beamforming when combining and distributing multi-channel digital signals, and are convenient to adopt multiplexing, grading, beamforming, and multi-input and multi-output according to various external environments (MIMO). ) to improve the network carrying capacity and ensure the transmission quality of the signal.
  • MIMO external environments

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de traitement de signaux d'antennes multiples. Selon ce procédé, une unité à bande de base unique (BBU) soutient des antennes multiples qui dépassent sa capacité de conception dans un système de stations de base réparties. Le procédé selon l'invention permet de répondre aux demandes croissantes de champ de communication et de réduire le coût de construction du réseau. Le procédé selon l'invention consiste : à convertir au moyen d'une unité distante à fréquence radio (RRU) les voies multiples reçues de signaux analogiques provenant d'antennes multiples en signaux numériques correspondant ; à effecteur au moyen de la RRU une accumulation de vecteurs sur les signaux numériques multiples correspondant à une même sous-porteuse, en fonction d'une même position temporelle ; et à combiner les voies multiples de signaux numériques en une voie unique de signal numérique. L'invention concerne également un système de stations de base réparties, une BBU, une unité d'interface à bande de base et une RRU.
PCT/CN2008/001322 2007-07-16 2008-07-16 Procede et systeme de traitement de signaux d'antennes multiples WO2009009959A1 (fr)

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WO2012098378A1 (fr) 2011-01-18 2012-07-26 Invibio Limited Matériaux polymères
EP3422803A4 (fr) * 2016-03-18 2019-07-03 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Procédé de connexion d'antenne, procédé de transmission de données, dispositif de transmission, et dispositif de traitement de bande de base
CN108781478A (zh) * 2016-03-18 2018-11-09 华为技术有限公司 天线拼接方法、数据发送方法及发射装置、基带处理装置
US10986697B2 (en) 2017-06-28 2021-04-20 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Frame structure aware compression for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems
CN110785975A (zh) * 2017-06-28 2020-02-11 华为技术有限公司 上行mimo系统的子带压缩域处理
WO2019001697A1 (fr) * 2017-06-28 2019-01-03 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Traitement de domaine de compression de sous-bande pour systèmes mimo de liaison montante
CN110785975B (zh) * 2017-06-28 2021-08-13 华为技术有限公司 上行mimo系统的子带压缩域处理
US11206713B2 (en) 2017-06-28 2021-12-21 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Sub-band compression domain processing for uplink MIMO systems
CN112154611A (zh) * 2018-03-29 2020-12-29 诺基亚通信公司 用于无线节点调度器的波束选择加速器
WO2020133225A1 (fr) * 2018-12-28 2020-07-02 华为技术有限公司 Appareil et procédé de traitement de signal et dispositif de réseau d'accès
US11438020B2 (en) 2018-12-28 2022-09-06 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Signal processing apparatus and method, and access network device
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