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WO2009004589A2 - Système hyperbare pour l'étude et la conservation à long terme d'organismes aquatiques de profondeur intermédiaire et de grande profondeur - Google Patents

Système hyperbare pour l'étude et la conservation à long terme d'organismes aquatiques de profondeur intermédiaire et de grande profondeur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009004589A2
WO2009004589A2 PCT/IB2008/052662 IB2008052662W WO2009004589A2 WO 2009004589 A2 WO2009004589 A2 WO 2009004589A2 IB 2008052662 W IB2008052662 W IB 2008052662W WO 2009004589 A2 WO2009004589 A2 WO 2009004589A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pressure
hyperbaric
water
organisms
reservoir
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2008/052662
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2009004589A3 (fr
Inventor
Antóni TORRES MARQUES
João Francisco MACHADO GOMES DA SILVA
Alfredo Nuno Damasceno Pinto Oliveira
João José OLIVEIRA DIAS COIMBRA
Original Assignee
Inegi - Instituto De Engenharia Mecânica E Gestão Industrial
Cimar - Centro De Investigação Marinha E Ambiental
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Inegi - Instituto De Engenharia Mecânica E Gestão Industrial, Cimar - Centro De Investigação Marinha E Ambiental filed Critical Inegi - Instituto De Engenharia Mecânica E Gestão Industrial
Publication of WO2009004589A2 publication Critical patent/WO2009004589A2/fr
Publication of WO2009004589A3 publication Critical patent/WO2009004589A3/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to a hyperbaric device that allows water circulation within a reservoir, at controlled pressures, from a water reservoir to atmospheric pressure, as well as controlling the most relevant physiochemical parameters of the said water.
  • the present invention consists of a complete system that allows the study and preservation of aquatic organisms (for instance of sea organisms) which inhabit deep depths, allowing the simulation of existent high hydraulic pressures as well as the control of the most important water physiochemical parameters for the development of the said organisms.
  • This system allows accomplishing open circuit water circulation, maintaining the water inside a hyperbaric reservoir at the desired pressure in which the aquatic organisms meant to be studied will be placed, as well controlling the most important physiochemical parameters of the said water.
  • the present invention is useful, namely, in terms of:
  • the present invention refers to a hyperbaric system for the study and maintenance of intermediate- deep-sea aquatic organisms, characterized in that it allows the study and the preservation of such organisms, simulating the hydraulic pressure present in their natural habitat and allowing the control of the environmental conditions required to their development.
  • this system will be used in lab simulation of deep-sea conditions including hydrothermal sources.
  • a first approach has been the in situ study, with equipments that allow the carrying out those studies in the habitats where those organisms live. Those equipments are fundamentally submergible, either piloted or not, and imply bulky investments, a great logistics availability that includes mandatory support ships which cannot operate in highly adverse environmental conditions.
  • the second approach consists of using chambers and hyperbaric systems to simulate in a laboratory the depth conditions found and that are realistic and relevant from a biological point of view.
  • Still another limitation refers to the reduced volume of the containment structure of the organisms under pressure, which in most of the existing laboratory pressurization systems present reduced volumes, from some hundreds of cubic milliliters to about a dozen of liters, which obviously limits its use to the study of organisms with corresponding dimensions.
  • the present invention refers to a system allowing the study and the preservation of aquatic organisms (fresh, salty water inter alia) that inhabit deep depths, simulating the respective hydraulic pressures and allowing the control of the necessary environmental conditions to the development of the said organisms.
  • This system makes it possible to lab simulation of the conditions of a certain aquatic ecosystem, during the whole lifecycle of the organisms meant to be studied or preserved.
  • the developed system is mainly composed of:
  • a pressure reservoir made of materials capable of ensuring long operation periods not requiring maintenance operations, comprising windows that allow visual observation and illumination of its interior;
  • a tank maintained at atmospheric pressure which feeds the water flow that runs in the pressure reservoir, and which contains a complete water treatment system required to maintain the quality thereof, mainly consisting of a series of filters (mechanical, biological, of activated charcoal among others), as well as of a water temperature regulation unit.
  • a water temperature regulation unit instead of the tank, the ocean itself or any fresh water flow or any other water source can be used as water deposit for the system. Should the tank capacity be substantial, the use of the water temperature regulation unit will no longer be required for its cooling;
  • a pressure reservoir pressurization system mainly composed of a hydraulic pump actuated by electromotor, a pressure-reducing control valve, at least a pressure transducer, a pressure controller that should have the possibility to send and receive data to and from a personal computer which is provided with a data receiving board and appropriate software. If one wishes to maintain the hydraulic pressure at a constant value, this system allows using a simpler controller, strictly of manual regulation, thus avoiding the use of the computer system;
  • the system object of this patent allows the open circuit water circulation maintaining it at the desired pressure inside a reservoir where the organisms meant to be studied or preserved are placed.
  • FIG. 1 Schematic representation of the pressurization (or hyperbaric) system developed.
  • (1) represents the hyperbaric reservoir where the organisms meant to be studied and preserved are placed
  • (2) represents a tank with water comprising no pressure, which feeds the water flow which runs inside the hyperbaric reservoir
  • (3) represents a mechanical water filter
  • (4) represents a biological filter
  • (5) represents an activated charcoal filter
  • (6) represents a water temperature regulation unit
  • (7) represents a flow rate-variable hydraulic valve actuated by electromotor
  • (8) represents an electromotor for actuating the hydraulic pump, capable of operating at different rotational speeds
  • (9) represents an pressure-reducing hydraulic valve with proportional control
  • (10) represents a pressure transducer (or sensor)
  • (11) represents a pressure control with electrical signal outlets which allow an easy connection to a data receiving card (12), connected to a personal computer (13);
  • (14) represents a filter (or shut-off valve) with manual actuation
  • (15) represents an electropneumatic converter
  • (16) represents an
  • FIG. 2 Schematic representation of the security against overpressure on the hyperbaric chamber.
  • This diagram (17) represents a pressostat, (18) a hydraulic valve which in case of overpressure carries out the water 'by-pass' from the hyperbaric reservoir (1) to the tank (2) and (19) a hydraulic valve which limits security pressure.
  • the present pressurization (or hyperbaric) system for the study and conservation of aquatic organisms is composed of two main tanks: the hyperbaric tank (1) where the organisms meant to be studied or maintained are placed and a tank (2) that acts as water reservoir, at atmospheric pressure .
  • the hyperbaric tank (1) might have a cylindrical design with spherical or torospherical ground and it will have at least a hatchway to allow the placement/collection of the aquatic organisms meant to be studied. It will also have at least an observation window (that can be namely made of with glass, polycarbonate or acrylic) that will further allow the illumination of the reservoir' s interior by an external light source.
  • the light source should allow brightness rate control inside the reservoir. This reservoir should be made resistant against corrosion resulting from the fluid that runs under pressure in its interior and safely resist to the maximum hydraulic pressure of specified use.
  • stainless steel can be used in the construction of the reservoir, the fiberglass- reinforced plastic (PRFV), aramid fiber- reinforced plastic (PRFA), carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (PRFC) or hybrid solutions with metallic and structural covering in PRFV/PRFA/PRFC.
  • the covering that will constitute the interior of the pressure reservoir, might further be covered by a polymer with good resilient properties against corrosion (for instance, but not limited to halar or the polytetrafluorethylene, or PTFE) . It will also have some openings that will easily allow connecting pressure transducers (10) and measuring relevant water physiochemical parameters.
  • At least a filter (or shut-off valve, manually drivable) (14) must also be provided to allow air bleeding of the pressure reservoir during water filling if necessary for the feeding of the aquatic organisms .
  • the water flow required to guarantee the good quality of the same inside of the hyperbaric reservoir takes place letting the water of a tank (2) in the hyperbaric reservoir under pressure and to exiting therefrom back to the tank at atmospheric pressure.
  • the water (at atmospheric pressure) which exits the reservoir can go through a water treatment system that will namely contain a series of mechanical (3), biological (4) and activated charcoal (5) filters. If the capacity of this reservoir is sufficiently high, it will be possible to operate this system by guarantying the good water quality flowing inside the hyperbaric chamber without the aid of any water treatment system (for instance, in the case of salt water, water circulation can be done from the sea itself) .
  • This water treatment circuit is independent from the hyperbaric chamber pressurization circuit and it further allows water treatment using a system that filters water from the tank.
  • the water is pumped from the reservoir into the hyperbaric chamber by means of a flow rate-variable hydraulic pump (7), capable to ensure the maximum hydraulic pressure desired.
  • a flow rate-variable hydraulic pump (7) capable to ensure the maximum hydraulic pressure desired.
  • the hydraulic pump should be provided with a system allowing water "by-pass", from its output into the tank.
  • the pump actuation is carried out by an electromotor (8) with speed control to which a reducer might be associated, if required.
  • This water flow rate should have an enough value to ensure that the mixture of water which was treated inside the tank with the water inside the hyperbaric chamber leads to the maintenance of the desired environment inside of the test hyperbaric chamber.
  • the water output from the reservoir under pressure is made through the proportional valve (9) the opening regulation being achieved automatically by an electrical signal from of programmable pressure controller (11), with ⁇ PID' ( 'proportional/integral/derivative' control) .
  • the valve opening (9) actuation can be done with the aid of pneumatic actuators fed from a compressed air collector (16).
  • the electrical signal from the pressure controller is not used to directly control the proportional hydraulic valve but rather to control the pneumatic actuator, by means of using an electro-pneumatic converter (15).
  • This converter exchanges the controller electrical signal into a pneumatic signal that the pneumatic actuator will use for controlling the hydraulic valve.
  • the pressure measurement inside the hyperbaric chamber is obtained by a pressure sensor (10) whose output electrical signal should be conveniently connected to the associated pressure controller inlet.
  • the programmer compares in real time the value of the pressure inside the hyperbaric chamber, being red by the pressure sensor with the pressure programmed value, adjusting the open/close of the proportional valve in order to minimize the differential of these two values.
  • a data receiving card (12) connected to the pressure controller allows, by means of an appropriate communication protocol, the bidireccional communication between this controller and a personal computer (13).
  • This computer should be provided with the appropriate software which allows an easy collection and register of pressure values in the hyperbaric chamber as well as an easy programming of the pressure controller.
  • the security of the system against overpressure should be achieved by means of the constant use of a pressure- limiting security valve (19).
  • Another safety device that will act before the security valve (19) will be composed of a pressostat (17), conveniently regulated to act if the hydrostatic pressure inside the chamber reaches a value close to the maximum pressure value allowed, whose electrical signal must be used to pilot a two-way hydraulic valve (18) which in this case will carry out the 'by pass' of the water from the reservoir to the tank without pressure.
  • a pressostat (17) conveniently regulated to act if the hydrostatic pressure inside the chamber reaches a value close to the maximum pressure value allowed, whose electrical signal must be used to pilot a two-way hydraulic valve (18) which in this case will carry out the 'by pass' of the water from the reservoir to the tank without pressure.
  • a flow detection valve can be added to the system, being assembled for instance to the pump output and which, by detecting a water flow rate interruption, should allow the proportional valve (9) to close and thus maintain the pressure inside the hyperbaric chamber even if the power supply is stopped. If reservoir has a sufficient capacity, it will be possible to maintain the organisms under pressure and in good conditions during some time.
  • back-up systems allows the normal operation of the same system when the power supply is interrupted by the network.
  • a prototype of the system has already been built, comprising the hyperbaric chamber, built in stainless steel, and which allowed the study of sea organisms (adult flounders, Platichthys flesus Linneeus, 1758) under hydrostatic pressure-controlled conditions, for 15 days. Operation procedures were studied with constant hydrostatic pressures as well as pressure cycles. The maximum hydrostatic pressure value allowed by this system to is of 8 bar (0,8 MPa) .

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système permettant l'étude et la conservation d'organismes aquatiques (principalement d'organismes marins) qui vivent dans les grandes profondeurs, qui simule les pressions hydrauliques respectives et permet les commandes des conditions environnementales nécessaires à l'entretien et au développement desdits organismes. Avec le présent système, il est possible d'effectuer une simulation en laboratoire des conditions propres à un certain écosystème aquatique, pendant tout le cycle de vie des organismes devant être étudiés ou conservés. Le système développé consiste essentiellement en: un réservoir sous pression (1); un réservoir maintenu à la pression atmosphérique (2) qui alimente l'écoulement d'eau circulant dans la chambre hyperbare et qui comprend un système complet de traitement de l'eau, nécessaire pour maintenir la qualité de celle-ci, étant principalement composé d'une série de filtres mécaniques (3), biologiques (4), à charbon actif (5) entre autres, ainsi que d'une unité de régulation de la température de l'eau (6); un système de pressurisation hydraulique de la chambre hyperbare (réservoir de pression), principalement composé d'une pompe hydraulique (7) actionnée par un électromoteur (8), une soupape hydraulique proportionnelle (réduisant la pression) (9), au moins un transducteur de pression (10) et une commande de pression (11) qui, au moyen d'une carte de réception de données (12) et d'un logiciel de réception de données adéquat, peut recevoir et envoyer des données à un ordinateur personnel (13) comportant: un système de sécurité; un filtre (ou soupape d'arrêt, pouvant être actionnée à la main) (14) qui permet la désaération du réservoir de pression pendant la phase de remplissage d'eau; un convertisseur électropneumatique (15) pour commander l'actionneur pneumatique; et, le cas échéant, une capture d'air comprimé (16) pour l'actionnement de l'ouverture de soupape (9).
PCT/IB2008/052662 2007-07-02 2008-07-02 Système hyperbare pour l'étude et la conservation à long terme d'organismes aquatiques de profondeur intermédiaire et de grande profondeur WO2009004589A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PT10377407A PT103774A (pt) 2007-07-02 2007-07-02 Sistema hiperbárico para o estudo e conservação por longos períodos de organismos aquáticos de média/grande profundidade.
PT103774 2007-07-02

Publications (2)

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WO2009004589A2 true WO2009004589A2 (fr) 2009-01-08
WO2009004589A3 WO2009004589A3 (fr) 2009-02-26

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PT (1) PT103774A (fr)
WO (1) WO2009004589A2 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104686438A (zh) * 2015-03-20 2015-06-10 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 海上移动式深层水养殖循环系统及其工作方法
CN105850838A (zh) * 2016-03-30 2016-08-17 苏州市相城区阳澄湖镇益丰生态养殖专业合作社 一种高效循环水环保养殖系统
CN106259145A (zh) * 2016-08-23 2017-01-04 广东省实验动物监测所 一种大型节能自动恒温水浴系统
EP3858973A4 (fr) * 2019-02-22 2022-01-05 China Ship Scientific Research Center (the 702 Institute of China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation) Système de simulation pour simuler un environnement extrême d'un évent hydrothermique en mer profonde

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108371133B (zh) * 2018-04-26 2023-06-20 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 一种现场模拟及防控水生生物在管路内壁吸附的实验装置及方法

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3198171A (en) * 1964-06-30 1965-08-03 James A Westphal Artificial habitat and method for the growth and study of deep sea marine organisms
DE3642733A1 (de) * 1986-12-13 1988-06-23 Klaus Georg Preis Verfahren und vorrichtung fuer aquakultur
US5174239A (en) * 1991-05-21 1992-12-29 Sato Kogei Kabushiki Kaisha Sealed-type aquarium device
JP4262530B2 (ja) * 2003-06-18 2009-05-13 エイブル株式会社 深海生物水槽

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104686438A (zh) * 2015-03-20 2015-06-10 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 海上移动式深层水养殖循环系统及其工作方法
CN105850838A (zh) * 2016-03-30 2016-08-17 苏州市相城区阳澄湖镇益丰生态养殖专业合作社 一种高效循环水环保养殖系统
CN106259145A (zh) * 2016-08-23 2017-01-04 广东省实验动物监测所 一种大型节能自动恒温水浴系统
EP3858973A4 (fr) * 2019-02-22 2022-01-05 China Ship Scientific Research Center (the 702 Institute of China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation) Système de simulation pour simuler un environnement extrême d'un évent hydrothermique en mer profonde

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PT103774A (pt) 2009-01-02

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