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WO2009077987A1 - Procédé d'inclusion d'éléments dans un article fabriqué à partir d'acier inoxydable à trempe secondaire martensitique - Google Patents

Procédé d'inclusion d'éléments dans un article fabriqué à partir d'acier inoxydable à trempe secondaire martensitique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009077987A1
WO2009077987A1 PCT/IB2008/055357 IB2008055357W WO2009077987A1 WO 2009077987 A1 WO2009077987 A1 WO 2009077987A1 IB 2008055357 W IB2008055357 W IB 2008055357W WO 2009077987 A1 WO2009077987 A1 WO 2009077987A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
article
temperature
edges
cooling
austenitic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2008/055357
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Hubert Sjoerd Blaauw
Benjamin Luurt Oudman
Evert Alle Helfrich
Ivett Viktoria Bana
Onno Post
Original Assignee
Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. filed Critical Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
Publication of WO2009077987A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009077987A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B19/00—Clippers or shavers operating with a plurality of cutting edges, e.g. hair clippers, dry shavers
    • B26B19/38—Details of, or accessories for, hair clippers, or dry shavers, e.g. housings, casings, grips, guards
    • B26B19/384—Dry-shaver foils; Manufacture thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/0006—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring taking account of the properties of the material involved
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/12—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/12—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
    • B23K26/123—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure in an atmosphere of particular gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
    • B23K26/354—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment by melting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/36—Removing material
    • B23K26/361—Removing material for deburring or mechanical trimming
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/36—Removing material
    • B23K26/40—Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B19/00—Clippers or shavers operating with a plurality of cutting edges, e.g. hair clippers, dry shavers
    • B26B19/14—Clippers or shavers operating with a plurality of cutting edges, e.g. hair clippers, dry shavers of the rotary-cutter type; Cutting heads therefor; Cutters therefor
    • B26B19/143—Details of outer cutters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B19/00—Clippers or shavers operating with a plurality of cutting edges, e.g. hair clippers, dry shavers
    • B26B19/38—Details of, or accessories for, hair clippers, or dry shavers, e.g. housings, casings, grips, guards
    • B26B19/3846—Blades; Cutters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/06—Surface hardening
    • C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/78—Combined heat-treatments not provided for above
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/02—Hardening by precipitation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/18—Sheet panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/20—Tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
    • B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
    • B23K2103/05—Stainless steel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/50—Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/008—Martensite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2261/00—Machining or cutting being involved

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of including features in an article manufactured from a maraging stainless steel, and to uses of such a method.
  • the method steps include shaping followed by solution annealing between 1050 0 C and 1200 0 C, quenching from the solution annealing temperature with a quenching speed of at least 5 0 C per second to a temperature below 500 0 C, subjecting said steel to an isothermal martensitic transformation and subsequently hardening the steel at a temperature between 450 0 C and 550 0 C to precipitate particles in said martensitic structure.
  • Restoring the properties of the heat affected zone by such a hardening treatment will actually be a re-hardening heat treatment, because the articles are often already hardened to minimize burr formation during machining and grinding upfront in a manufacturing process.
  • a full (re-)hardening heat treatment can cause significant distortion of the overall initial dimensional accuracy (straightness and flatness).
  • a first aspect of the invention provides a method for including a feature in an article, wherein the article is manufactured from a maraging stainless steel, which method comprises the steps of: focusing an energy beam on the article at a temperature of at least 1000 0 C in a nitrogen-free atmosphere, wherein the beam is configured for generating intense energy and for melting/vaporizing the maraging stainless steel in order to include the feature along with austenitic edges; cooling the article to a temperature between 0 0 C and -80 0 C in order to subject the austenitic edges to an isothermal martensitic transformation; and hardening at a temperature between 375 0 C and 600 0 C to cause particles in the edges to precipitate out from solution into martensitic structure.
  • the feature is created in the article by focusing an energy beam on the article in a nitrogen free atmosphere.
  • Nitrogen is a strong austenite stabilizing element.
  • NanoflexTM should contain a maximum of 0.012 wt% nitrogen. Any additional pickup of nitrogen will block the transformation to martensite fully, leaving the material in the soft austenitic condition.
  • the energy beam can melt the material and can create smoothly rounded off tips. This beam can vaporize the material and can create slots or holes in the article.
  • the article is cooled to ambient temperature. Steel subjected to a sensitizing procedure alleviates thermo -mechanical stresses which would otherwise build up internally in the article. The reduced internal thermo -mechanical stresses enable the manufacture of the article with a very accurate size and which is stable in use.
  • a method for the manufacture of articles according to the invention is further characterized by subjecting the free cooled steel to an isothermal martensitic transformation by holding the steel at a temperature between 0 0 C and -8O 0 C for at least one hour.
  • the final aging process step will harden the article along with the isothermally transformed martensite edges formed in the laser- melted or laser cut features.
  • the article is pre-aged upfront the manufacturing process to minimize burr formation during conventional machining processes. Subjecting the article twice to an aging treatment is not disadvantageous, as NanofiexTM steel is to a high degree not susceptible to over-aging. In this way the article will retain its as-received martensite content of cold rolling or original thermal hardening and also maintains its dimensional accuracy.
  • a method comprises the following steps: a. focusing the energy beam on the article at a temperature of 1400 0 C to 1600 0 C for a period in a range of 10 "7 seconds to ten seconds in the nitrogen-free atmosphere; b. cooling the article to an ambient temperature in order to sensitize the austenitic edges and thereby initiating a following isothermal martensitic transformation; c. subjecting the article to a further cooling at a temperature of between -30 0 C and -50 0 C for a period of at least an hour, in order to subject the austenitic edges to the isothermal martensitic transformation; and d.
  • steps b and c of this embodiment it is important to reach a temperature below 0 0 C within a reasonable period of time so as not to jeopardize the effectiveness of the isothermal martensite transformation. While a martensite transformation still works at 0 0 C or -80 0 C (though slowly, and thus requiring a longer period at which the article is kept at that temperature), it works more efficiently in the temperature range between -30 0 C and -50 0 C, and preferably at -40 0 C.
  • the energy beam is a laser beam or an electron beam.
  • the cooling of the article to the ambient temperature comprises the steps of: a. free cooling the article from around 1600 0 C to 1300 0 C; b. halting the cooling at a temperature between 1300 0 C and 900 0 C for at least 30 seconds in order to destabilize the austenitic edges and thereby optimizing initiation of a following isothermal martensitic transformation; c. subjecting the article to a further cooling from 900 0 C to 500 0 C maintaining a cooling rate of at least -5 0 C /s; and d. subjecting the article to free cooling from 500 0 C to ambient temperature; The article is subjected to a free cooling from 1600 0 C to 1300 0 C.
  • free cooling in the context of invention means natural cooling in a protective environment without a need for a specific rate of cooling.
  • the advantage of the free cooling over a fast quenching is that the free cooling retains more dimensional accuracy of the article than the fast quenching.
  • the free cooling is gentler to retain an original dimensional accuracy of the article.
  • the cooling temperature is halted between 1300 0 C and 900 0 C for at least 30 seconds. This is a sensitizing procedure and allows an initiation of the martensitic transformation to become optimal. Later the article is subjected to a further cooling from 900 0 C to 500 0 C at the rate of at least -5 °C/s. This is approximately the cooling rate necessary to get the martensite transformation. Then the article is subjected to the free cooling till it reaches the ambient temperature. According to an embodiment of the invention, the melting/vaporizing is carried out in presence of a protective noble gas.
  • the feature includes pearls, holes, slots and/or the like.
  • Laser melting of Sandvik NanoflexTM parts creates pearls and laser cutting creates specific hole-patterns or other shapes in Sandvik NanoflexTM parts like rotary shaving caps, cutters and other shaving and cutting elements.
  • a further object of an embodiment of the invention is to provide a method of manufacture of an article exhibiting a combination of superior strength, corrosion resistance and ductility.
  • Such a method is further characterized in that the steel comprises chromium (Cr) in a weight percentage between 10 % and 20 %.
  • Cr chromium
  • martensitic steels with a low weight percentage of carbon so-called maraging steels, may be with or without chromium.
  • Corrosion resistant maraging steels comprise a weight percentage of chromium between 10.5 and 18 %.
  • a particular type of maraging steel which may be obtained by the method according to the invention, contains in weight percentage 10-20 % Cr, 7-10 % Ni, 3-6 % Mo, 0-9 % Co, 0.5-4 % Cu, 0.05-0.5 % Al, 0.4-1.4 % Ti and less than 0.03 % C and N.
  • the above mentioned method is used for manufacturing a steel product having a homogenous hardness of at least 450 Hardness Vickers (HV).
  • the article is a cap of an electric rotary shaver. It can be a cutter of an electric rotary shaver.
  • teeth that cut the hair are in direct contact with human skin.
  • An efficient method to realize this is laser melting of the tips of the trimmer teeth such that rounded pearls are formed in the front tip of the teeth. This method is suitable for many types of steel and stainless steel.
  • the article can be a cutter, a knife or a spring in a domestic appliance.
  • the article may be a medical or a dental instrument.
  • the article may also be a diaphragm plate spring in a fluid valve.
  • the article can be any domestic appliance where there is direct contact between the skin and the steel.
  • Fig. 3a illustrates front view of several laser melted pearls in row of trimmer teeth
  • Fig. 3b illustrates an exploded front view of a laser melted pearl of Fig. 3a
  • Fig. 4 illustrates a shaving cap with patterns of holes and slots
  • Fig. 5 illustrates cross section of two laser cut holes showing austenitic edges at an original martensitic article.
  • first, second, third and the like in the description and in the claims are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances and that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in other sequences than described or illustrated herein. Moreover, the terms top, bottom, over, under and the like in the description and the claims are used for descriptive purposes and not necessarily for describing relative positions. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances and that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in other orientations than described or illustrated herein.
  • Fig. 1 is a graph plotted with hardness on y-axis and position on x-axis.
  • the position in the graph is defined as the distance in mm between a feature included in an article and rest of the body of the article.
  • Fig. 2a illustrates an article 100 including laser melted pearls 110.
  • Fig. 2b is an exploded view of the pearl 110.
  • Fig. 3a is a front view of the article 100 including the pearls and Fig. 3b is an exploded front view of the pearl 110.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates an article 100 which is a shaving cap including features in the form of holes 120 and slots 130.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates austenitic edges 150 formed while including a feature in the article 100 with rest of the body 140 of the article 100.
  • Fig. 1 It is evident from Fig. 1 that the hardness is lost in the included feature and in its vicinity.
  • the hardness in the feature is around 300 to 330 Hardness Vickers (HV) whereas the hardness lmm away from the feature is around 600 HV.
  • Laser cutting and laser melting result in a loss of hardness and strength in the heat affected zones of laser melted features and at the laser cut edges. This loss is caused by the back-transformation of the martensite into austenite and local precipitation of alloying elements, which results in a depletion of the content of alloying elements in the matrix. This loss is typically restored to a proper level by giving the article a hardening heat treatment.
  • the article is a hair trimmer.
  • the laser melted tips of teeth of the hair trimmer are shown in Figs. 2a, 2b, 3a and 3b.
  • a typical hair trimmer has two cutting elements, a guard and a cutter.
  • the guard and the cutter run in direct mechanical contact with each other.
  • Both the guard and the cutter consist of a series of cutting teeth placed aligned in a row on a linear body. Hair is cut between flanges of the teeth of the cutter and of the guard.
  • the trimmer cutters and guards are typically made out of cold rolled NanofiexTM strip material with a hardness of about 300 - 400 HV.
  • the strip or cut off pre-shapes are first aged at 500 0 C for 10 minutes to harden the material to about 500-600 HV.
  • the higher hardness makes the material more brittle and minimizes burr formation during machining and grinding in the manufacturing process.
  • teeth that cut the hair are in direct contact with human skin.
  • An efficient method to realize this is laser melting of the tips of the trimmer teeth such that rounded pearls are formed in the front tip of the teeth.
  • the tips are melted by focusing a laser beam on the tips of the teeth of the cutter and the guard at a temperature of 1500 0 C for a period in a range of 10 "7 seconds to ten seconds in a nitrogen free atmosphere.
  • the pearls are formed with austenitic edges.
  • the trimmer is then free cooled from around 1500 0 C to 1300 0 C.
  • the cooling is halted at a temperature between 1300 0 C and 900 0 C for at least 30 seconds in order to destabilize the austenitic edges and thereby optimizing initiation of a following isothermal martensitic transformation.
  • the trimmer is subjected to a further cooling from 900 0 C to 500 0 C maintaining a cooling rate of at least -5 0 C /s.
  • the trimmer is subjected to a further cooling at a temperature between -30 0 C and -50 0 C for a period of at least an hour. This isothermally transforms the austenitic edges to martensitic edges. Finally the trimmer along with the laser melted pearls is hardened at a temperature between 450 0 C and 550 0 C for at least 3 minutes to cause particles in the edges to precipitate out from solution into martensitic structure. The final aging treatment hardens the pearls to a level of 500 HV or higher.
  • Figs. 4 and 5 demonstrate another example where the article is a shaving cap.
  • the shaving caps are generally stamped out of soft annealed NanofiexTM strip material with a thickness of 0.45 mm.
  • the stamped caps are hardened up to a hardness of 450 - 550 HV according to the heat treatment as described in EP1216311.
  • the face of a shaving area and an inside running groove are machined until a membrane with a thickness of 50 - 70 ⁇ m in the shaving area remains.
  • a pattern of holes and slots is cut with laser as shown in Fig. 4.
  • After laser cutting the laser cut edges are transformed to soft austenitic edges wherever the temperature exceeded 900 0 C. Yet the rest of the body of the shaving cap remains martensitic as shown in Fig. 5.
  • the shaving cap is cooled in a similar way as explained in the above example. After cooling down from laser cutting in a nitrogen free atmosphere, the shaving cap is placed in a cooling system for 24 hours at -40 0 C. In an isothermal martensite transformation process, a martensite content of about 70 % will be reached in the edges. The hardness of the edges is at this stage about 300 HV to 330 HV. A final aging treatment does harden the isothermal martensite in the edges from this level up to a hardness level of 500 HV or higher.
  • the articles are fully shielded with a protective inert Argon gas to prevent any nitrogen pickup from air into the NanoflexTM steel. Nitrogen is a strong austenite stabilizing element. NanoflexTM should contain a maximum of 0.012 wt% nitrogen. Any additional pickup of nitrogen will block the transformation to martensite fully, leaving the material in the soft austenitic condition.
  • NanoflexTM is to a high extent not susceptible to over- ageing. Therefore the additional ageing will not negatively affect the previously aged article either metallurgically or dimensionally. Thus a homogeneous hardness of 500 HV or higher can be reached in the article including the pearls and the area around the holes and slots.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé d'inclusion d'un élément dans un article fabriqué en acier inoxydable à trempe secondaire martensitique, qui comprend l'étape qui consiste à concentrer un faisceau d'énergie sur l'article à une température d'au moins 1 000°C dans une atmosphère exempte d'azote. Le faisceau dégage une énergie intense et fait fondre/s'évaporer l'acier inoxydable à trempe secondaire martensitique et inclut ainsi l'élément en même temps que des bords austénitiques. L'article est refroidi jusqu'à une température comprise entre 0°C et -80°C pour soumettre les bords austénitiques à une transformation martensitique isotherme. L'article est enfin durci à une température comprise entre 375°C et 600°C pour amener les particules présentes dans les bords à précipiter hors de la solution pour pénétrer dans la structure martensitique.
PCT/IB2008/055357 2007-12-17 2008-12-17 Procédé d'inclusion d'éléments dans un article fabriqué à partir d'acier inoxydable à trempe secondaire martensitique WO2009077987A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07123341 2007-12-17
EP07123341.5 2007-12-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009077987A1 true WO2009077987A1 (fr) 2009-06-25

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050241159A1 (en) * 2002-08-02 2005-11-03 Koninkilijke Phillips Electronics N.V. Wear-resistant stainless cutting element of an electric shaver, electric shaver, and method of producing such a cutting element
EP2740573A1 (fr) * 2012-12-06 2014-06-11 Izumi Products Company Procédé de fabrication de lame extérieure de rasoir électrique rotatif
WO2024082324A1 (fr) * 2022-10-19 2024-04-25 鞍钢集团北京研究院有限公司 Acier maraging inoxydable à haute résistance et haute ténacité pour ingénierie ultra-basse température et son procédé de fabrication

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US20030116543A1 (en) * 2000-04-13 2003-06-26 Battaglia Vincent P. Process for laser machining continuous metal strip
US20050236070A1 (en) * 2002-07-29 2005-10-27 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Plasma-nitriding of maraging steel, shaver cap for an electric shaver, cutting device made out of such steel and an electric shaver
US20050241159A1 (en) * 2002-08-02 2005-11-03 Koninkilijke Phillips Electronics N.V. Wear-resistant stainless cutting element of an electric shaver, electric shaver, and method of producing such a cutting element
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