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WO2008124481A1 - Détecteur de posture d'un animal et procédé correspondant - Google Patents

Détecteur de posture d'un animal et procédé correspondant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008124481A1
WO2008124481A1 PCT/US2008/059234 US2008059234W WO2008124481A1 WO 2008124481 A1 WO2008124481 A1 WO 2008124481A1 US 2008059234 W US2008059234 W US 2008059234W WO 2008124481 A1 WO2008124481 A1 WO 2008124481A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
animal
value
tracking device
behavior
average
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2008/059234
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
William B. Epperson
Lisa Marie Kiel
Erin E. Turowski
Matthew J. Darr
Original Assignee
The Ohio State University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by The Ohio State University filed Critical The Ohio State University
Publication of WO2008124481A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008124481A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K29/00—Other apparatus for animal husbandry
    • A01K29/005—Monitoring or measuring activity, e.g. detecting heat or mating
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/103—Measuring devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/1036—Measuring load distribution, e.g. podologic studies
    • A61B5/1038—Measuring plantar pressure during gait
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/103—Measuring devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/11—Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor or mobility of a limb
    • A61B5/1123—Discriminating type of movement, e.g. walking or running
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/103—Measuring devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/11—Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor or mobility of a limb
    • A61B5/1124—Determining motor skills
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2503/00—Evaluating a particular growth phase or type of persons or animals
    • A61B2503/40—Animals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
    • A61B2562/02—Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
    • A61B2562/0219—Inertial sensors, e.g. accelerometers, gyroscopes, tilt switches
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61D—VETERINARY INSTRUMENTS, IMPLEMENTS, TOOLS, OR METHODS
    • A61D17/00—Devices for indicating trouble during labour of animals ; Methods or instruments for detecting pregnancy-related states of animals
    • A61D17/002—Devices for indicating trouble during labour of animals ; Methods or instruments for detecting pregnancy-related states of animals for detecting period of heat of animals, i.e. for detecting oestrus

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to animal husbandry, and in particular to a device determining and recording at predefined time intervals various types of behavioral characteristics of an animal wearing the device which is useful in detection of a biological change in the animal and method thereof.
  • one prior art method uses a pedometer to measure the amount of steps a cow takes in a given period of time. Though this information relates to the overall lameness problem, the pedometer is not completely accurate and is poorly suitable for cows restricted to tie stalls.
  • Another prior art method currently in use is videography; however, this method is labor intensive because a person has to replay hours of video to record when and for how long a cow stands and lies down. This method is only applicable to cows confined to tie stalls or restricted in a way that they cannot move out of the range of the video recorder.
  • devices are provided that detect heat by measuring friction related-temperature changes at the base of the tail and that count individual motions made by a cow.
  • the present invention provides an animal laying-down-meter or "layometer” device which allows humans to monitor when an animal is walking, standing still, or lying down throughout a given time period. Since the standing and laying pattern of individual dairy cows and other types of cattle throughout a twenty-four hour period is so specific, any deviation from that pattern may indicate the onset of lameness or another health-related problem. As such, the device will allow herd managers to be able to detect lameness in cattle earlier and more efficiently than by using current methods. Although the present invention is intended for usage with dairy cows and as discussed herein as an example, the device has many practical uses outside the dairy industry.
  • any deviation from the "normal” baseline pattern could signify a change in the cow's health and will indicate to the herd manager a need to examine the animal more closely.
  • any deviation from the "normal” pattern may indicate at least one of following biological changes: (a) lameness, (b) disease/illness, (c) social integration, and (d) estrus. Each of these biological changes are discussed hereafter. Lameness may result from digital dermatitis, sole ulcers, and white-line disease which affects nearly 30% of dairy cattle.
  • the animal layometer device allows herd managers to detect the onset of lameness earlier, just when the problem is in its initial stages and not yet visually evident. When the data indicate a deviation in the standing and laying pattern of a cow, it gives a herd manager reason to examine the cow.
  • the animal layometer device may be used, not only to monitor this in milking cows, but also in calves and transition cows i.e., those cows who are between birthing and milking. Both calves and transition cows have very little contact with humans at the point in their lives when they are most susceptible to illness.
  • the device provides a way to monitor these cattle through the most critical time when humans cannot take time to examine them.
  • the animal layometer device can be used to monitor how well a cow integrates into a new herd.
  • the comfort of a cow is directly related to health of animal and, thus, it is related to milk production. If the cow is restless in the new herd, the cow will not be producing an optimum amount of milk. Detecting a deviation in the cow's standing and lying pattern may indicate where the animal stands in the estrus cycle. This is key when breeding any animal.
  • Deviation from the typical standing and lying pattern may also tell a producer the cow's stance in a estrous cycle or how well the cow is integrating into a new herd.
  • the device can also be used to measure the activity level of calves along with many other practical applications.
  • the animal layometer device is not only useful in the long-term monitoring of dairy cattle, but it could also be applicable in the veterinary environment.
  • the device could be mounted on an animal (e.g., canine, feline, bovine, equine, camelid, etc.) for the first forty-eight hours after a surgery to detect and record when an animal is standing, lying down, and walking. Knowing the activity level of an animal after surgery can be indicative of animal comfort throughout the recovery period.
  • a veterinarian can monitor activity levels without having to keep a constant watch on the recovering animal.
  • a behavior tracking device for and wearable by an animal is disclosed.
  • the device comprises an accelerometer which provides signals indicating a position change of the animal, a microprocessor connected to the accelerometer, and memory connected to the microprocessor unit.
  • the microprocessor is programmed to acquire the signals at -A-
  • a method of tracking behavior of an animal comprises securing a behavior tracking device according to present invention on the animal, using the device for a period of time, downloading each value stored in the memory as data from the device after the period of time to an external computer, and viewing the data to see if the values indicating behavior have detected a biological change in the animal.
  • a method of tracking behavior of an animal comprises providing an accelerometer which provides signals indicating a position change of the animal; providing a microprocessor connected to the accelerometer; and providing memory connected to the microprocessor unit.
  • This embodiment also includes programming the microprocessor to acquire the signals at a predetermined interval from the accelerometer, to determine from the signals one of various types of behavioral characteristics of the animal and assign a value which indicates the determined one of the various types of behavioral characteristics, and to store the value for the predetermined interval in the memory, the value being useful in detection of a biological change in the animal.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a circuit layout embodiment according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a program routine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph of sample results obtained by a layometer device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 are depictions of an infection in dairy cow hooves; and FIG. 5 is a depiction of a layometer device according to the present invention mounted on a leg of a cow.
  • a layometer device 10 is provided which in one embodiment is used to determine and record a physical position, such as lying down or standing, at predefined time intervals of an animal for tracking behavior and providing an indication of a change in health of the animal.
  • the device 10 is used on a dairy cow.
  • the device 10 is also applicable to many other animals in several different situations.
  • FIG. 1 depicts an arrangement of circuit components which function together to measure animal motion at a pre- determined interval, assess whether this motion represents walking, standing or lying down, record the time and motion type to an external memory chip, and provide a means for transmitting this information to a computer for analysis.
  • the device 10 includes a main battery 12, which in one embodiment is a coin cell battery.
  • a backup battery 14 may be provided which enables a clock 24 to remain functional in the event that the main battery 12 loses charge or the device 10 is turned off.
  • the backup battery 14 is another coin cell battery.
  • a voltage regulator 16 is also provided in the device 10, which refines the relatively rough power input signal from the main battery 12 into a smooth, constant power signal to power the analog circuit components of device 10.
  • a microcontroller 18 is also provided to coordinate the activities of the other components in the device 10.
  • the microcontroller 18 is a EPROM based CMOS microcontroller, such as for example, microcontroller 18F258 with an internal A/D converter, available from Microchip Technology lnc.(Arizona, USA).
  • a first oscillator 20 is provided for the microcontroller 18 which enables the microcontroller to count time for the purpose of executing its program.
  • the first oscillator in one embodiment is a 4 MHz crystal oscillator.
  • An accelerometer 22 is provided to the device 10, which outputs a variable voltage depending on the angle at which the device 10 is oriented with respect to gravity.
  • the accelerometer is a dual-axis accelerometer, and in one particular embodiment is an ADXL203 accelerometer from Analog Devices (Massachusetts, USA).
  • the clock 24 is a real time clock which computes the date and time for data logging purposes as the rest of the device 10 operates.
  • the clock 24 is a trickle-charge timekeeping chip, and in a particular embodiment a DS1302 chip from Dallas Semiconductor (Texas, USA).
  • a second oscillator 26 is used by the clock 24 to determine time, and in one embodiment is a 20 MHz crystal oscillator.
  • a memory chip 28 is provided in the device 10, which the microcontroller 18 uses to record the time, date, and position status of the wearer of the device for each predetermine time interval.
  • the memory chip 28 is EEPROM memory chip, and the microcontroller 18 is programmed to record events at a one-minute interval.
  • the memory chip 28 is a 25AA256 chip from Microchip Technology lnc.(Arizona, USA).
  • An optional display output 30 as well as an visual indicator 32, such as an LED, for providing indications of operational settings and status may be provided to the device 10.
  • the display output 30 is to a LCD display.
  • Other inputs/output connections may also be provided, such an a data input/output connection 34 which in one embodiment is used to program the microcontroller 18, and download data from the memory chip 28 to an external computer for analysis.
  • connection 34 is a serial port, and in other embodiments may be any type data connection, such as parallel, USB, fire wire, and the like.
  • the device 10 may also optionally provide data communications via an included wireless transceiver 36.
  • the transceiver 36 is a low voltage ( ⁇ 5V), single chip, fully integrated RF transceiver, and in one particular embodiment, is a nRF9E5 RF transceiver chip from Nordic Semiconductor (California, USA). It is to be appreciated that although particular components have been disclosed herein, other such suitable components may also be used in other embodiments of the invention to provide the herein disclosed functions of the device 10, wherein the selection and implementation of such alternative components would be a matter of routine design choice to one skilled in the art.
  • circuit components such as resistors, capacitors, diodes, on/off switches, dip switches, and the like have not been shown for ease of illustration, and as the use of such components with the above mentioned components thus described in FIG. 1 is well known to those skilled in the art, no further discussion is provided.
  • the main battery 12 consists of three (3) 3-volt coin cell batteries connected in series for a 9 volt input voltage.
  • the voltage regulator 16 is used to decrease the 9 volt signal to a 5 volt signal, and in which the backup battery 14 is a 3 volt coin cell.
  • the device 10 is capable of recording data for one week before needing downloading to an external computer, such as computer 35.
  • Other power and memory arrangements to provide longer or short data collection periods may also be provided in other embodiments.
  • the microcontroller 18 coordinates the activities of the circuit components to enable the layometer device 10 to function properly.
  • the program routine 38 not only activates and regulates the real time clock 24, but it also tells the device 10 how and when to retrieve, analyze, and record data from the accelerometer 22, which in one embodiment, is recording leg position of the animal.
  • the microcontroller 18 is instructed to automatically acquire a sample of a number (n) of separate voltage readings from the accelerometer 22 at a predetermined time interval (t).
  • the microcontroller 18 in step 42 analyzes automatically these values to determine if they are changing along the monitored axes or if they remain constant during the time interval (e.g., 5-second) reading frame. If the values are changing it is assumed in the program routine 38 that the animal is walking. As such, the microcontroller 18 then records automatically the time, date, and a value to indicate walking such as, for example, "2", to the memory chip 28 in step 44.
  • step 46 the microcontroller 18 analyzes automatically these values to determine if they are either a high or low value along the monitored axes during the time interval (e.g., 5-second) reading frame. If the values are remaining constantly high it is assumed in the program routine 38 that the animal is standing, and the microcontroller 18 records the time, date, and a value to indicate standing such as, for example, "3" to the memory chip 28 in step 48. If the values are remaining constantly low it is assumed in the program routine 38 that the animal is lying down. As such, the microcontroller 18 in step 50 automatically records the time, date, and a value to indicate lying such as ,for example, "1 " to the memory chip 28.
  • the time interval e.g., 5-second
  • the microcontroller 18 then in step 52 pauses for a pre-determined time period p, (e.g., 55 seconds) and then automatically repeats the above mentioned steps so that the device 10 records a new position status (standing, lying down, or walking) once a predetermined cycle (e.g., every minute) on the wearer.
  • a pre-determined time period p e.g. 55 seconds
  • a predetermined cycle e.g., every minute
  • FIG. 3 a visual graph of sample results obtained by the layometer device 10 from testing on a cow is depicted.
  • the microcontroller 18 was programmed to take ten (10) voltage sample values from each of the accelerometer's axes at 500 ⁇ s intervals. The sampled values were then processed by the microcontroller 18 (step 40, FIG. 2) to provide an average and an average deviation of these sample values for each axis of the accelerometer 22. The average and the average deviation were then compared by the microcontroller 18 to experimentally-determined (i.e., predetermined) threshold and error limit values for the possible positions (e.g., lying down, walking, and standing) stored in memory chip 28 (step 42, FIG. 2).
  • experimentally-determined i.e., predetermined
  • the microcontroller If the average deviation was higher than the predetermined error limit value, that is, if the accelerometer detects a significant position change between readings, then the microcontroller recorded in memory the current timestamp and a "2" to denote that the animal was walking (step 44, FIG. 2). If the average deviation was lower than the predetermined error limit value and the average value for each axis was above the threshold value, then the microcontroller recorded in memory the current timestamp and a "3" to denote that the animal was standing (step 48, FIG. 2).
  • the microcontroller recorded in memory the current timestamp and a "1 " to denote that the animal was lying down (step 50, FIG. 2).
  • lying down was chosen to be the "default" position because the leg of the cow could be in any one of many orientations while a cow lies down, whereas standing places the leg in a fairly constant orientation and walking generates enough deviation in voltage values to clearly differentiate standing from either of the other two states.
  • the test was conducted for twenty minutes, wherein the data points obtained during the animal testing are shown in FIG. 3.
  • the layometer device 10 is designed to record data for a maximum of approximately one week at a time.
  • the device 10 not only measures and stores data frequently and accurately, but it also provides a quick and easy way to retrieve information.
  • an operator communicates with the device 10 via a computer (e.g., computer 35, FIG. 1 ), either wired, via I/O connection 34, or wireless, via transceiver 36, to download the data from the memory chip 28 to the computer 35.
  • the data can then be loaded into a spreadsheet program, sorted, and graphed for visual representation of the results on the computer 35.
  • Visual inspection or algorithms run on the data can detect changes in the amount of time dairy cattle spend laying down, which may be as a result of early stage lameness, such as from an infection as depicted in FIG. 4.
  • the layometer 10 includes the capability of making a direct indication of a detected change in the activity habits of the animal wearing the device.
  • the microprocessor 18 is programmed to predict the onset of lameness directly from the recorded behavior of the animal without the producer having to interface the layometer 10 with the computer 35 to analyze the downloaded data. For example, in one embodiment, the microprocessor 18 tracks and stores in memory 28 daily, weekly, and monthly statistics regarding the activity habits of the animal. The microprocessor 18 then compares current statistics of such activity habits with previous values stored in memory 28. The microprocessor 18 provides the direction indication if any difference in the comparison is outside a predetermined difference range.
  • the direction indication may be, for example, a periodic flashing on indicator 32, a message sent via transceiver 36 to computer 35, or even an audible alarm, if desired.
  • the microprocessor 18 may be programmed to use one or more methods of detecting changes in the recorded activity habits of the animal. Other such methods include as non-limiting examples, trend analysis, pattern recognition, modeling, and the like may be used. Lameness due to microorganisms residing in the claw of a dairy cow becomes more difficult and expensive to treat if not detected early. FIG. 4 also demonstrates the severity of these infections if left untreated.
  • the layometer device 10 can provide an early warning of disease onset, diminishing the probability that lameness will progress to a point at which milk production decreases or antibiotic treatment is needed.
  • a cow's milk production directly represents her health, which naturally correlates with her comfort level. If the cow is restless and uncomfortable in her new environment, her state of health may decrease along with her milk production.
  • the layometer device 10 may also be used to detect where a cow is in her estrus cycle. Once the normal standing and lying pattern is determined, research may show a slight deviation from this pattern when a dairy cow is in heat. This would diminish the need for constant observation for estrus. Aside from everyday use on a dairy cow, the layometer device 10 could also be effective in clinical veterinary medicine. For example, veterinarians could use the device 10 to monitor activity levels in post-surgical animals, leading to better determination of recovery time. With refers to FIG. 5, as mentioned above, the layometer device 10 monitors the lying habits of an animal 54, such as a dairy cow as shown. The parameters set for the layometer device 10 take into account many factors regarding the comfort of the animal and the practicality of the device 10 for both producers and researchers.
  • comfort of the animal was an important concern in the design of the device 10.
  • the layometer device 10 is designed to be similar to these devices in size and shape because cows would already be accustomed to them.
  • the external housing unit 56 selected for the layometer device is lightweight and sturdy, which permits in one embodiment, for the device 10 to be attached onto the cow's back leg 58, just above the pastern, using a cohesive bandage material 60.
  • the material 60 is a stretchy, inexpensive wrap.
  • the cohesive bandaging material 60 adheres to itself and fits snugly around the layometer device 10, but it does not stick to hair or skin or leave any residue. Other methods of attachment are possible.
  • the design and placement of the device 10 allows producers easy access to the device when placed on an animal.
  • a producer interacts with a dairy cow most of the time in the milking parlor. Most parlor equipment orients cows so their teats are within the handler's reach; since the back legs are closest to the milker, the layometer device 10 is advantageously placed on the back leg 58 of the cow.
  • the device 10, including the housing unit 56 measures 3.150"L x 3.780"W x 1 .260"H and weighs less than eight ounces.
  • the housing unit 56 has an IP rating of 54 for protection against dust deposits and water splashes from all angles.
  • the layometer device 10 decreases economic losses in the dairy industry. Producers need to save money whenever possible to meet the economic demands of consumers; thus, the overall sensor must be cost-effective so that each cow in a facility can wear one. This ultimately increases the benefit of the device 10. Moreover, it is to be appreciated that the layometer device 10 aids in veterinary research. Because the standing and laying pattern of the animal throughout a twenty-four hour period is precise and repetitive, researchers believe that deviation from this pattern may also aid in detecting abnormalities other than lameness, such as heat cycles, herd integration, disease onset, and other conditions.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)

Abstract

Le dispositif selon l'invention est destiné à être porté par un animal. Il détermine et enregistre à intervalles prédéfinis divers types de caractéristiques comportementales propres à cet animal, utiles pour déceler un éventuel changement biologique chez l'animal en question. L'invention concerne également le procédé qui correspond à ce dispositif. Le détecteur de posture mémorise la position de l'animal, c'est-à-dire les moments où l'animal est couché, se déplace ou reste immobile, pendant un laps de temps donné. Puisque les animaux tels que les vaches laitières ou autres espèces de bétail ont des habitudes bien spécifiques au cours d'un cycle de vingt-quatre heures, tout comportement qui rompt avec ces habitudes peut indiquer le début d'une claudication ou d'un autre problème de santé.
PCT/US2008/059234 2007-04-04 2008-04-03 Détecteur de posture d'un animal et procédé correspondant WO2008124481A1 (fr)

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US90995707P 2007-04-04 2007-04-04
US60/909,957 2007-04-04

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WO2010066429A1 (fr) * 2008-12-11 2010-06-17 Faire (Ni) Limited Système et procédé de surveillance d’animaux
NL2003276C2 (en) * 2009-07-24 2011-01-25 Nedap Nv Device for determining movements of an animal.
US8111166B2 (en) 2006-02-08 2012-02-07 S.A.E. Afikim Milking System Agricultural Cooperative Ltd. Device, system and method for monitoring animal posture pattern
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US8446582B2 (en) 2007-05-31 2013-05-21 Afimilk Agricultural Cooperative Ltd. System and method for analyzing fluids
EP2727036A1 (fr) * 2011-07-01 2014-05-07 Heyrex Limited Procédé d'évaluation
EP2538842A4 (fr) * 2010-02-25 2015-09-23 James C Solinsky Systèmes et procédés pour la mesure d'un mouvement d'équilibre et de suivi chez des mammifères
US9198400B2 (en) 2007-03-22 2015-12-01 Faire (Ni) Limited Animal monitoring system and method
US9766263B2 (en) 2010-04-30 2017-09-19 Icerobotics Ltd Apparatus and method for detecting disease in dairy animals
US10105571B2 (en) 2010-02-25 2018-10-23 James C. Solinsky Systems and methods for sensing balanced-action for improving mammal work-track efficiency
SE1800203A1 (en) * 2018-10-25 2019-07-03 Delaval Holding Ab Method and control unit for bedding management at farm
EP3796775A1 (fr) * 2018-05-23 2021-03-31 DeLaval Holding AB Étiquette d'animal, procédé et programme informatique permettant de déterminer des données liées au comportement

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WO2006118508A1 (fr) * 2005-04-29 2006-11-09 Delaval Holding Ab Procede de detection et dispositif destine aux vaches laitieres
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WO2006113804A2 (fr) * 2005-04-20 2006-10-26 Vivometrics, Inc. Systemes et procedes de mesure physiologique non invasive d'animaux non humains
WO2006118508A1 (fr) * 2005-04-29 2006-11-09 Delaval Holding Ab Procede de detection et dispositif destine aux vaches laitieres
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Cited By (20)

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US8111166B2 (en) 2006-02-08 2012-02-07 S.A.E. Afikim Milking System Agricultural Cooperative Ltd. Device, system and method for monitoring animal posture pattern
US9186096B2 (en) 2006-07-21 2015-11-17 James C. Solinsky System and method for measuring balance and track motion in mammals
US9198400B2 (en) 2007-03-22 2015-12-01 Faire (Ni) Limited Animal monitoring system and method
US8446582B2 (en) 2007-05-31 2013-05-21 Afimilk Agricultural Cooperative Ltd. System and method for analyzing fluids
GB2480391B (en) * 2008-12-11 2013-03-20 Faire Ni Ltd An animal monitoring system and method
GB2480391A (en) * 2008-12-11 2011-11-16 Faire An animal monitoring system and method
WO2010066429A1 (fr) * 2008-12-11 2010-06-17 Faire (Ni) Limited Système et procédé de surveillance d’animaux
US20120198932A1 (en) * 2009-07-24 2012-08-09 Jeroen Martin Van Dijk Device for determining movements of an animal
WO2011010922A1 (fr) * 2009-07-24 2011-01-27 N.V. Nederlandsche Apparatenfabriek Nedap Dispositif pour déterminer les déplacements d'un animal
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US10105571B2 (en) 2010-02-25 2018-10-23 James C. Solinsky Systems and methods for sensing balanced-action for improving mammal work-track efficiency
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