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WO2008122120A1 - Système de freinage de vélo à main seule - Google Patents

Système de freinage de vélo à main seule Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2008122120A1
WO2008122120A1 PCT/CA2008/000642 CA2008000642W WO2008122120A1 WO 2008122120 A1 WO2008122120 A1 WO 2008122120A1 CA 2008000642 W CA2008000642 W CA 2008000642W WO 2008122120 A1 WO2008122120 A1 WO 2008122120A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
control system
operation device
handed operation
lever means
lever
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CA2008/000642
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
John R. Runciman
Micha Wallace
Kathie Bell
Andrew Morris
Anina Sakaguchi
Original Assignee
University Of Guelph
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by University Of Guelph filed Critical University Of Guelph
Publication of WO2008122120A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008122120A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T7/00—Brake-action initiating means
    • B60T7/02—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation
    • B60T7/08—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation hand actuated
    • B60T7/10—Disposition of hand control
    • B60T7/102—Disposition of hand control by means of a tilting lever
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K23/00—Rider-operated controls specially adapted for cycles, i.e. means for initiating control operations, e.g. levers, grips
    • B62K23/02—Rider-operated controls specially adapted for cycles, i.e. means for initiating control operations, e.g. levers, grips hand actuated
    • B62K23/06—Levers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62L—BRAKES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES
    • B62L3/00—Brake-actuating mechanisms; Arrangements thereof
    • B62L3/08—Mechanisms specially adapted for braking more than one wheel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a nested lever assembly and more particularly to a nested lever assembly that simultaneously allows operation or biasing between two independent control systems with the use of a single hand.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,540,304 discloses a transmission unit for bicycle brakes that allows an individual to control both the front and rear brakes with one hand.
  • the transmission unit is an additional component that must be installed onto the bike. It operates by a varied ratio modulating cam lever, which controls the back and front brakes simultaneously as a single lever is actuated.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,267,746 discloses a single hand-operated actuator for effecting operation of the front and rear brakes of a bicycle.
  • actuation of the single hand-operated actuator results in the actuation of both the front and rear brakes simultaneously.
  • the two most popular types of brake systems currently in the bicycle market are the side- pull brakes and the V-brakes.
  • Side-pull brakes are typically used on less expensive bicycles, and consist of two curved arms that cross at a single pivot, centered over the wheel of the bicycle. Side-pull brakes are not considered to be overly effective, and tuning the brakes can be difficult. The brake pads must be directly centered over the rim. In addition, some cheaper versions of the side-pull brakes tend to rotate sideways and hold this position permanently, thus wearing out the brake pads unevenly.
  • V-brakes also known as linear-pull brakes, were initially introduced by ShimanoTM, and are currently replacing side-pull brakes on most new bicycles. V-brakes feature much longer cantilever arms than traditional side-pull brakes. The increased arm length results in a much higher leverage ratio. V-brakes required specific brake levers, as their high mechanical advantage results in more cable pull with less force applied by the hand lever.
  • a single handed actuation system that overcomes the limitations of the prior art.
  • a single handed actuation device system that allows biasing control of two independent systems and which is simple and easy to use and install in machines including vehicles where double hand brake systems are currently used such as bicycles, motorbikes, multi terrain vehicles, walkers, scooters, snow mobiles, personal water crafts and the like, while minimizing the cost of manufacturing.
  • the system must also be easy to adapt to any type of brake system, including the side-pull brakes and the V-brake systems.
  • the system must also be able to maximize the user's safety and stability while riding by decreasing the vehicle's braking stopping distance.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a single-handed operation device for controlling operation of a first control system and a second control system of a machine wherein the single-handed operation device is capable of operating the first control system alone or in combination with the second control system with the use of a single hand.
  • the single-handed operation device comprises a lever assembly.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide single-handed operation device wherein the single-handed operation device allows biasing between a first control system and a second control system in a machine with the use of a single hand.
  • the single-handed operation device of the invention comprises a lever assembly comprising a base adapted to be mounted to the machine, a first lever means pivotally mounted to the base and a second lever pivotally mounted to the first lever means, wherein said first lever means is capable of operating the first control system and the second lever is capable of operating the first control system and the second control system substantially simultaneously.
  • the second lever means is nested within the first lever means.
  • the single-handed operation device of the invention further comprises a means for reducing a force necessary for operating the first control system or the second control system.
  • the single-handed operation device of the invention further comprises a means for reducing a force necessary for operating the second control system, said means for reducing the force including: a front link having an end adapted for securing connecting means for operating the second control system, and another end pivotally connected to the base, and an intermediate link having one end connected to the front link at a point between the first end and the second end of the front link and another end connected to the second lever means, wherein upon operation of the second lever means the intermediate link pulls the front link to pivotally move relative to the base toward the second lever means thereby effecting operation of the second control system.
  • said front link and the intermediate link are housed within the first lever means.
  • the front link and the first lever means are pivotal Iy connected to a same pivot point on the base.
  • the first control system and the second control system are independent systems that have different functional uses. In another aspect, the first control system and the second control system are independent systems that have substantially the same functional use. In yet another aspect of the present invention, the first and the second control systems comprise independent braking systems of a vehicle.
  • the machine is selected from the group consisting of any type of machine where double hand brake systems are currently used.
  • the machine is selected from the group comprising of: a bicycle, a tricycle, a motorbike, a scooter, a walker, a personal water craft, an all terrain vehicle, a snowmobile and a snow remover.
  • Advantages of the present invention include: operation of a control systems alone or in combination with another independent control system with the use of only one hand, a device that includes no pinch points and that can be easy to integrate into any type of machines in the market where double hand brake systems are currently used as well as in new vehicles.
  • the device of the invention is capable of operating braking systems providing equal to or better braking response in comparison with other braking systems in the market.
  • Figure 1 is a cross section of one aspect of the brake actuator of the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a cross section of one aspect of the brake actuator of the invention.
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of the brake actuator of the invention.
  • Figure 4 is a side view of one aspect of the brake actuator of the invention.
  • Figure 5 is a plot comparison for side-pull brakes, V-brakes and the brake actuator of the invention.
  • the present invention is a single-handed operation device for controlling operation of a first control system and a second control system of a machine, wherein the single-handed operation device is capable of operating the first control system alone or in combination with the second control system with the use of a single hand.
  • the single-handed operation device 10 of the invention comprises a lever assembly that allows biasing between two independent control systems of a machine with a single hand.
  • the single-handed operation device comprises a lever assembly wherein said lever assembly includes a base 20 mountable to a machine, a first lever means 30 pivotally mounted to the base 20 capable of operating a first control system of the machine, an second lever means 40 pivotally mounted to the first lever means 30 capable of operating the first control system and a second control system of the machine substantially simultaneously.
  • the base 20 can be mounted at a location on the machine enabling manipulation of the single-handed operation device by a user/driver/rider/walker ("operator") of the machine.
  • machine'' refers to any type of machinery having two independent control systems that can be operated with the single-handed operation means of the invention.
  • machine includes any vehicle where double-hand brake systems are used.
  • vehicles include: bicycles, tricycles, motorbikes, scooters, walkers, personal water crafts, all terrain vehicles, snowmobiles, and snow removers.
  • machine also includes the type of machinery, industrial equipment etc having compound independent hydraulic actuators.
  • the base 20 has two entries 55, 65 which support the connecting means 50, 60.
  • the first connecting means 50 is operatively associated to the first lever means 30 and the second connecting means 60 is operatively associated to the second lever means 40, so that movement of the levers 30, 40 causes movement of the connecting means 50, 60 thereby operating or actuating the brake mechanisms of the vehicle.
  • the first lever means 30 comprises a head portion 33 and a means portion 37.
  • the head portion 33 of the first lever means 30 is pivotally mounted to the base 20 for movement about a pivot point 130 by means of a pin or a bolt or the like for pivotal movement relative to the base 20.
  • the second lever means 40 is pivotally mounted to the handle portion 37 of the first lever means 30 for movement about a pivot point 140 by means of a pin or a bolt or the like for pivotal movement relative to the first lever means 30.
  • the second lever means 40 comprises a head portion 43 and a handle portion 47.
  • the second lever means 40 is in- part nested within the first lever means 30.
  • the handle portion 37 of the first lever means 30 defines a channel, said channel comprising a bottom wall and two side walls.
  • the head portion 43 of the second lever means 40 rests on this channel and is pivotally mounted to the channel while the handle portion 47 of the second lever means 40 hangs free as it extends away from the channel.
  • the operation of the single-handed operation device of the invention is very intuitive.
  • the first and second lever means 30, 40 curve smoothly to fit the natural curve of the machine operator ' s hand.
  • the handle portion 37 may include a finger engaging portion or hollow 120 in which the operator may rest the index finger.
  • the first lever means 30 may be operated by the index and middle fingers of the operator at the index finger hollow 120 and pivots much like a regular bicycle lever.
  • the second lever 40 operating the second control system, may be depressed with the middle, ring and little fingers of the operator, as the middle finger can slide between the two levers.
  • a portion of the head portion 43 of the second lever means 40 extends beyond the channel over the head portion 33 of the first lever means 30 so that the index finger is lifted with the depression of the second lever means 40. This arrangement also allows the index finger to help control actuation of the second brake lever by counterbalancing the rotation of the second lever 40.
  • Modulation or biasing between the two control systems is achieved by changing the location of the applied force to the levers means 30, 40.
  • force applied in the index finger region only activates the first lever means 30 and corresponding first control system.
  • Moving force application towards the small finger on the hand increasingly applies force through the second lever means 40, thereby engaging the second control system but simultaneously increasing in the operating force in the first control system.
  • the first and second control systems of the invention comprise the rear and front brake systems of a vehicle. In a panic situation, an operator of the vehicle would intuitively apply hand force to the extreme end of the second lever means 40, which results in maximum braking effort in both the front and rear braking systems substantially simultaneously.
  • the single handed operation device 10 of the invention may be easily installed in an appropriate vehicle.
  • the single handed operation device 10 of the invention may be installed in a bicycle and operate as a single handed brake actuator of the bicycle.
  • a person only has to disconnect the front and rear connecting means from the old brake actuator of the bicycle and reconnect the front and rear control means to the single-handed operation device of the invention.
  • the single-handed operation device 10 of the invention may be mounted on the right or left side of means bars of vehicles, suiting to the special needs of the operators.
  • the single-handed operation device 10 of the invention has the ability to operate or actuate the rear brake mechanism of a vehicle independently, or in combination with the front brake mechanism of the vehicle.
  • the first lever means 30 controls operation of the rear brake system of the vehicle and the second lever means 40 controls operation of both the rear and front brake systems of the vehicle.
  • the user will squeeze the first lever means 30 toward the handle bar of the vehicle and move it from a released position to a depressed position thereby effecting a braking force and causing the rear brake of the vehicle to activate.
  • the second lever means 40 will be squeezed toward the handle bar of the vehicle and moved to its depressed position thereby effecting a braking force and causing the rear brake and the front brake of the vehicle to activate substantially simultaneously.
  • the single-handed operation device of the present invention can be adapted to work with any type of brake control systems.
  • the machine is a bicycle and the brake control system is a bicycle V-brake, also known as linear-pull brake introduced by Shimano TM.
  • the braking system is operatively connected to the lever means 30, 40 via a first connecting means 50 and a second connecting means 60 that extend from the each brake system to the first lever means 30 and the second lever means 40.
  • the connecting means include the brake cables found in bicycles, motorbikes or the like.
  • the single-handed operation device 10 of the invention includes means for reducing a force necessary for operation between the first control system and the second control system.
  • the force reducing means includes a series of two linkages, a front link 70 and an intermediate link 80, that operatively associate to the front connecting means 60 with the second lever means 40 to achieve a mechanical advantage.
  • the two linkages are housed within the head portion 33 of the first lever means 30.
  • the front connecting means 60 attaches to the front link 70, through a hole 65 in the base 20, to one end of the front link 70.
  • the front link 70 is attached to the front connecting means 60 at one end and is pivotally mounted to the base 20 at the other end.
  • the intermediate attachment 80 is mounted to the front link 70 at one end and at its other end is mounted to the second lever means 40.
  • the second lever means 40 pulls the intermediate link 80 which in turn pulls the front link 70 about pivot point 130 towards the second lever means 40 such that the connecting means 60 is pulled thereby operating the second control system of the machine.
  • the front link or attachment linkage 70 shares the pivot point 130 with the first lever means 30 to reduce the number of pins required and to take full advantage of the limited amount of space allowed by hand span.
  • the force reducing means being a new concept, required some mechanical design calculations.
  • the ratio of the "a * and "b' pivots distances on the front actuator means linkages to the associated cable (connecting means ) and link movements, xc and xl respectively, was determined by Equation 1.
  • the force reducing means is housed within the first lever means 30. Therefore, the length of the front link 70 and the intermediate link 80 was limited as it must fit first the first lever means 30, leaving the 'a' distance to be somewhat variable, limited by material clearances required by the pivot holes.
  • the intermediate link 80 movement was related to the lever angle, ⁇ , through its relationship to the circumference, C, of the pivot path, as seen in equations 2 and 3.
  • the radius of the pivot path is limited above and below by the requirement of the operator's hands to reach over the lever and the need for her to access the grip-shift on the handlebar. This allowed the angle to be somewhat variable as well.
  • the angle ⁇ was restricted by the clearance of the bar required when the brake actuation assembly is activated fully.
  • the angle also had to be relatively small in order to eliminate brake activation delay.
  • the angle ⁇ should be at least less than 20°.
  • ⁇ is kept close to about 15°.
  • the attachment point 186 on the second lever 40 is placed ahead of the vertical from the second lever 40 pivot point 140. The attachment point 186 moves towards and through this point 140 during activation. This ensures the link 80 will stay tangential to the rotation about the second lever pivot point 140. This ensures preventing the linkage system from binding during the required activation angle.
  • the mechanical operation of the single-handed operation device 10 of the present invention is very intuitive, depressing like a regular bike brake.
  • the index finger hollow 120 acts as a reference position for the hand, allowing the operator to know where his/her hand is situated on the device. This permits operation of the desired lever means 30, 40 using proprioception, rather than having to look down at the lever means 30, 40.
  • riders have a natural tendency to pull the outer edge of a regular lever to activate the brake system.
  • this activates both brake systems, applying maximum but balanced braking force.
  • the shape of the lever 10 mimics the appearance of a normal brake lever so as not to draw unwanted attention from on-lookers.
  • the traditional brake lever shape and operation also allows individuals who are unfamiliar with the modified braking system to operate the bike safely.
  • a speedometer was mounted to the bicycle, in order to measure the test speed.
  • Three test speeds were chosen to simulate typical speeds at which the bicycle will be ridden: 5, 10 and 15 km/hr.
  • the bike was ridden at the specified speeds and the brakes were applied at a particular starting point using maximum possible braking force. The distance required to stop was measured with a measuring tape and recorded. The same rider was used for all of the trials.
  • V-brakes required less braking distance to stop than the side-pull brakes. This proves true for all speeds that the bicycle was tested at, and for all brake combinations.
  • Table 1 shows each braking system and the brake the operator would be able to actuate using only her/his right hand with that braking system.
  • the operator is only able to apply the back brake.
  • the single-handed actuator device of the invention the operator can actuate both front and back brakes with her/his right hand.
  • Figure 5 plots stopping distance at 15 km/hr for all three braking systems.
  • Figure 5 shows that the single handed operation device of the invention decreases the braking distance required to stop a bicycle when compared to a bicycle having standard side-pull brakes and the bicycle equipped with standard V-brakes. Using the single handed operation device of the invention, the time it takes an operator to stop the bicycle has been improved over the original situation.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Steering Devices For Bicycles And Motorcycles (AREA)
  • Braking Elements And Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Mechanical Control Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de manœuvre à une seule main qui permet simultanément un fonctionnement ou une sollicitation entre deux systèmes de commande indépendants d'une machine à l'aide d'une seule main. Selon un aspect de l'invention, le dispositif de manœuvre à une seule main comporte un ensemble de levier double emboîté permettant de commander le fonctionnement d'un premier système de commande seul ou en combinaison avec un second système de commande indépendant à l'aide d'une seule main. L'ensemble de levier double emboîté selon l'invention comporte une base apte à être montée à une machine, un premier moyen de levier monté à pivotement à la base pour manœuvrer un premier système de commande et un second moyen de levier monté à pivotement au premier moyen de levier et emboîté au moins en partie à l'intérieur de celui-ci, le second moyen de levier faisant fonctionner le premier système de commande et le second système de commande sensiblement simultanément.
PCT/CA2008/000642 2007-04-05 2008-04-04 Système de freinage de vélo à main seule WO2008122120A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US90750607P 2007-04-05 2007-04-05
US60/907,506 2007-04-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008122120A1 true WO2008122120A1 (fr) 2008-10-16

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ID=39830435

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CA2008/000642 WO2008122120A1 (fr) 2007-04-05 2008-04-04 Système de freinage de vélo à main seule

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Country Link
WO (1) WO2008122120A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2340988A3 (fr) * 2009-12-28 2012-04-25 Max Co., Ltd. Mécanisme de fonctionnement et équipement d'assistance
WO2016113756A1 (fr) * 2015-01-14 2016-07-21 Tvs Motor Company Limited Système de freinage synchronisé pour véhicules à deux roues
US20210380079A1 (en) * 2020-06-03 2021-12-09 Dextera Brakes, Llc Lever System
US11618529B2 (en) 2020-06-03 2023-04-04 Dextera Brakes, Llc Grip assembly for vehicle

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3842946A (en) * 1973-03-22 1974-10-22 B Blevens Braking system
US4100820A (en) * 1976-09-13 1978-07-18 Joel Evett Shift lever and integral handbrake apparatus
US4181190A (en) * 1974-04-10 1980-01-01 Yang Yin Lung Motorcycle and bicycle safety controls
US4267746A (en) * 1979-05-03 1981-05-19 Pruett Earl M Single hand-operated dual brake actuator
US5479776A (en) * 1993-04-20 1996-01-02 Campagnolo S.R.L. Control device of a bicycle gear change
US5540304A (en) * 1993-06-24 1996-07-30 Hawkins; Rollin D. Single-handled vehicle brake system

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3842946A (en) * 1973-03-22 1974-10-22 B Blevens Braking system
US4181190A (en) * 1974-04-10 1980-01-01 Yang Yin Lung Motorcycle and bicycle safety controls
US4100820A (en) * 1976-09-13 1978-07-18 Joel Evett Shift lever and integral handbrake apparatus
US4267746A (en) * 1979-05-03 1981-05-19 Pruett Earl M Single hand-operated dual brake actuator
US5479776A (en) * 1993-04-20 1996-01-02 Campagnolo S.R.L. Control device of a bicycle gear change
US5540304A (en) * 1993-06-24 1996-07-30 Hawkins; Rollin D. Single-handled vehicle brake system

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
"at Guelph", Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www.uoguelph.ca/atguelph/07-05-09/featuresbrake.html> *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2340988A3 (fr) * 2009-12-28 2012-04-25 Max Co., Ltd. Mécanisme de fonctionnement et équipement d'assistance
WO2016113756A1 (fr) * 2015-01-14 2016-07-21 Tvs Motor Company Limited Système de freinage synchronisé pour véhicules à deux roues
US20210380079A1 (en) * 2020-06-03 2021-12-09 Dextera Brakes, Llc Lever System
US11618529B2 (en) 2020-06-03 2023-04-04 Dextera Brakes, Llc Grip assembly for vehicle
US11866123B2 (en) 2020-06-03 2024-01-09 Dextera Brakes, Llc Grip assembly for vehicle
US12134441B2 (en) 2020-06-03 2024-11-05 Dextera Brakes, Llc Grip assembly for vehicle

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