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WO2008118153A2 - Systèmes pour diminuer les facteurs de corrosion environnementaux et/ou pour délivrer un ou plusieurs composés inhibiteurs de corrosion à une enceinte - Google Patents

Systèmes pour diminuer les facteurs de corrosion environnementaux et/ou pour délivrer un ou plusieurs composés inhibiteurs de corrosion à une enceinte Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008118153A2
WO2008118153A2 PCT/US2007/024181 US2007024181W WO2008118153A2 WO 2008118153 A2 WO2008118153 A2 WO 2008118153A2 US 2007024181 W US2007024181 W US 2007024181W WO 2008118153 A2 WO2008118153 A2 WO 2008118153A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
enclosure
volatilizable
formula
inhibiting compound
compound
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Application number
PCT/US2007/024181
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English (en)
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WO2008118153A3 (fr
WO2008118153A9 (fr
Inventor
Efim Ya Lyublinski
Yefim Vaks
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Northern Technologies International Corp.
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Publication of WO2008118153A2 publication Critical patent/WO2008118153A2/fr
Publication of WO2008118153A3 publication Critical patent/WO2008118153A3/fr
Publication of WO2008118153A9 publication Critical patent/WO2008118153A9/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
    • C23F11/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in air or gases by adding vapour phase inhibitors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F15/00—Other methods of preventing corrosion or incrustation

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to portable systems designed to deliver one or more corrosion inhibiting (i.e., one or more corrosion inhibiting and/or tarnish inhibiting compounds) to an enclosure, and to method for using same. More specifically, the present invention relates to portable, mobile, self-contained and/or discrete systems designed to deliver one or more corrosion inhibiting compounds to an enclosure while simultaneously purging and/or recycling the interior atmosphere of such an enclosure, and to methods for using same. In another embodiment, the present invention relates to portable systems designed to deliver one or more corrosion inhibiting compounds to an enclosure while simultaneously dehumidifying, purging and/or recycling the interior atmosphere of such an enclosure, and to methods for using same. In still another embodiment, the present invention relates to heat-based portable systems designed to deliver one or more corrosion inhibiting compounds to an enclosure while simultaneously dehumidifying, purging and/or recycling the interior atmosphere of such an enclosure, and to methods for using same.
  • corrosion inhibiting i.e., one or more corrosion inhibiting and/or tarnish inhibiting compounds
  • An inhibitor is a compound or group of compounds which can slow or negate the rate of decomposition, degradation and/or spoilage of a given item due to, for example, corrosion or oxidation. For example, certain metals are prone to corrosion and/or tarnishing.
  • a suitable inhibitor in such a case, would be a compound (or group of compounds) which acts as a corrosion and/or tarnish inhibitor thereby protecting a desired item or items from the adverse effects of its ambient environment.
  • oxidation, pitting, tarnishing, mottling or discoloration of the surfaces of these items are common indications of corrosion manifested in useful metallic articles. These manifestations occur in metallic articles, particularly when exposed to oxygen, in either gaseous or liquid phase. Additionally, sulfides and/or chlorides (or chlorine) may cause corrosion or tarnishing problems as well. Inasmuch as both oxygen and water, including water vapor, occur normally and are available in nature, it is normally necessary to take precautions against corrosion when packaging metallic items for shipment or storage, or when subjecting such items to normal use. Metals which are frequently found to be susceptible to corrosion under normal atmospheric and ambient conditions include, but are not limited to, iron, copper, brass, aluminum, silver, and alloys of these metals. Additionally, suitable protection may also be needed for valuable non-metal items, such as precious and/or semi-precious stones and the like, or hybrid articles ⁇ i.e., articles that are partially metal or contain a significant amount of metal therein) such as reinforced concrete.
  • VCI capsules permit a producer/manufacturer to place a VCI capsule in an existing packaging system or enclosure, without having to redesign same, while still making sure that the products contained within the packaging are protected against corrosion, tarnishing or some other form of degradation.
  • the present invention generally relates to portable systems designed to deliver one or more corrosion inhibiting (i.e., one or more corrosion inhibiting and/or tarnish inhibiting compounds) to an enclosure, and to method for using same. More specifically, the present invention relates to portable, mobile, self-contained and/or discrete systems designed to deliver one or more corrosion inhibiting compounds to an enclosure while simultaneously purging and/or recycling the interior atmosphere of such an enclosure, and to methods for using same. In another embodiment, the present invention relates to portable systems designed to deliver one or more corrosion inhibiting compounds to an enclosure while simultaneously dehumidifying, purging and/or recycling the interior atmosphere of such an enclosure, and to methods for using same. In still another embodiment, the present invention relates to heat-based portable systems designed to deliver one or more corrosion inhibiting compounds to an enclosure while simultaneously dehumidifying, purging and/or recycling the interior atmosphere of such an enclosure, and to methods for using same.
  • corrosion inhibiting i.e., one or more corrosion inhibiting and/or tarnish inhibiting compounds
  • the present invention relates to a system for delivering at least one volatilizable inhibiting compound to at least one enclosure, the system comprising: at least one volatilizable inhibiting compound; a delivery means for delivering the at least one volatilizable inhibiting compound to the at least one enclosure; and a means for creating a direction flow within the at least one enclosure, wherein the combination of the at least one volatilizable inhibiting compound and the means for creating a direction flow within the at least one enclosure cause a reduction in the amount of one or more corrosion and/or tarnish causing compounds within the interior environment of the one or more enclosures.
  • the present invention relates to a portable system for delivering at least one volatilizable inhibiting compound to at least one enclosure, the system comprising: at least one volatilizable inhibiting compound; a delivery means for delivering the at least one volatilizable inhibiting compound to the at least one enclosure; a means for creating a direction flow within the at least one enclosure; and at least one transportation and/or movement means, wherein the combination of the at least one volatilizable inhibiting compound and the a means for creating a direction flow within the at least one enclosure cause a reduction in the amount of one or more corrosion and/or tarnish causing compounds within the interior environment of the one or more enclosures.
  • the present invention relates to a portable system for delivering at least one volatilizable inhibiting compound to at least one enclosure, the system comprising: at least one volatilizable inhibiting compound; a delivery means for delivering the at least one volatilizable inhibiting compound to the at least one enclosure; a means for creating a direction flow within the at least one enclosure; at least one heat source, an automatic control means for controlling the release of the at least one volatilizable inhibiting compound, and at least one transportation and/or movement means, wherein the combination of the at least one volatilizable inhibiting compound and the a means for creating a direction flow within the at least one enclosure cause a reduction in the amount of one or more corrosion and/or tarnish causing compounds within the interior environment of the one or more enclosures.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a portable system 100 in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an enclosure-based system 200 in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 illustrates an enclosure-based system 300 in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, where the system is utilized in conjunction with a collapsible enclosure inside a storage facility or building;
  • Figure 4 illustrates the enclosure-based system 300 of Figure 3, where the collapsible enclosure has been lifted up;
  • Figure 5 illustrates an enclosure-based system 500 in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention, where the system is utilized in conjunction with a collapsible enclosure;
  • Figure 6 is a picture of a model of the enclosure-based system 500 of Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 is a humidity plot graph illustrating an exemplary drop in relative humidity provided by a system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 8 is a humidity plot graph illustrating an exemplary drop in relative humidity provided by a system in accordance with one another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a humidity plot graph illustrating an exemplary drop in relative humidity provided by a system in accordance with one still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention generally relates to portable systems designed to deliver one or more corrosion inhibiting (i.e., one or more corrosion inhibiting and/or tarnish inhibiting compounds) to an enclosure, and to method for using same. More specifically, the present invention relates to portable, mobile, self-contained and/or discrete systems designed to deliver one or more corrosion inhibiting compounds to an enclosure while simultaneously purging and/or recycling the interior atmosphere of such an enclosure, and to methods for using same. In another embodiment, the present invention relates to portable systems designed to deliver one or more corrosion inhibiting compounds to an enclosure while simultaneously dehumidifying, purging and/or recycling the interior atmosphere of such an enclosure, and to methods for using same. In still another embodiment, the present invention relates to heat-based portable systems designed to deliver one or more corrosion inhibiting compounds to an enclosure while simultaneously dehumidifying, purging and/or recycling the interior atmosphere of such an enclosure, and to methods for using same.
  • corrosion inhibiting i.e., one or more corrosion inhibiting and/or tarnish inhibiting compounds
  • the present invention relates to a portable, mobile, self-contained and/or discrete systems designed to provide, at a minimum, dehumidification to one or more enclosures
  • corrosion inhibiting compound(s) or “corrosion inhibitor(s)” are used herein, these phrases also include tarnish inhibiting compound(s) or tarnish inhibitor(s).
  • the corrosion inhibiting compound or compounds utilized in conjunction with the present invention are volatile inhibitors.
  • a volatile inhibitor is a compound, or a mixture of compounds, with a finite vapor pressure which, under a given set of conditions, can generate vapors which may or may not condense on any surface with which the vapors come into contact. Generally, the lower a compound's or a mixture's vapor pressure the more difficult it is to generate vapors from such a compound or mixture.
  • the present invention relates to heat-based portable systems designed to deliver one or more corrosion inhibiting compounds to an enclosure while simultaneously dehumidifying, purging and/or recycling the interior atmosphere of such an enclosure.
  • the systems of the present invention can be utilized in any situation where a volatilizable compound is desired and the use of heat is not a deterrent.
  • Such situations can include, but are not limited to, electronic compartments, electrical sub-stations, metallic enclosures, storage tanks, septic tanks, containers (e.g., shipping containers, storage containers, reservoirs, etc.); and/or closed systems (e.g., waste disposal systems, waste disposal drums or containers, etc.).
  • such a heat source also provides a dehumidification function to the systems of the present invention.
  • This dehumidification function can entail, among other things, increasing the service life of any desiccant present in the systems according to the present invention.
  • the present invention relates to a system that is designed to deliver one or more corrosion inhibiting compounds to one or more fully sealed enclosures, and to methods of using same.
  • fully sealed enclosure it is meant that such an enclosure does not permit the infusion, intrusion and/or inclusion of any environment external to the interior of the fully sealed enclosure.
  • the present invention permits, simultaneously, a change in the environment of the enclosure and delivery of one or more corrosion inhibiting compounds to an interior environment.
  • the present invention can be used to provide one or more corrosion inhibiting compounds to one or more partially sealed enclosures.
  • partially sealed enclosure it is meant that the enclosure is not totally and/or completely sealed from any one or more environments external to the interior of the partially sealed enclosed. Given this, such partially sealed enclosures permit and/or allow the infusion, intrusion and/or inclusion of an external environment into the interior of the partially sealed enclosure.
  • the present invention can be designed to provide an over pressure to the enclosure (I.e., a pressure greater than the surrounding pressure of the external atmosphere) thereby preventing and/or reducing the amount of an external atmosphere that enters a given enclosure.
  • the systems according to the present invention permit an increase in the amount of volatilizable compound or compounds present in one or more enclosures by at least a factor of about 3 over the amount generated in a given period of time (e.g., one hour) at room temperature and pressure (approximately 25°C and 1 atmosphere) by prior art methods (e.g., the use of stationary VCI capsules that are inserted into an enclosure).
  • the systems of the present invention permit an increase in the amount of volatilizable compound or compounds present in one or more enclosures by at least a factor of about 5, by a factor of at least about 10, or by a factor of at least about 100, over the amount generated in a given period of time (e.g., one hour) at room temperature and pressure (approximately 25°C and 1 atmosphere) by prior art methods (e.g., the use of stationary VCI capsules that are inserted into an enclosure).
  • the present invention utilizes a heating means, as will be discussed in detail below, to generate a temperature in the range of about 40 0 C to about 90 0 C, or about 45°C to about 85°C, or even from about 50°C to about 80 0 C. It should be noted that here, as well as elsewhere in the specification and claims, individual range and ratio limits may be combined.
  • the heat source acts to increase the amount of volatilizable compound or compounds which are initially generated by the systems of the present invention by increasing the vapor pressure of the volatilizable compound(s) contained therein.
  • the heat source of the present invention increases the amount of vapor generated by the one or more volatilizable compounds by at least a factor of about 3 over the amount generated in a given period of time (e.g., one hour) at room temperature and pressure (approximately 25 0 C and 1 atmosphere).
  • the heat source of the present invention increases the amount of vapor generated by the one or more volatilizable compounds by a factor of at least about 5, by a factor of at least about 10, or by a factor of at least about 100, over the amount generated in a given period of time (e.g., one hour) at room temperature and pressure (approximately 25°C and 1 atmosphere).
  • the optional heat source in a heat-based system of the present invention is active (i.e., maintains a minimum temperature within one of the above stated ranges) and generates an increased amount of vapor (as discussed above) for any suitable period of time. In one embodiment, this period is at least about 1 hour, or at least about 12 hours, or even at least about 1 year.
  • the heat source is active for a period of about 1 hour to about 240 hours, or about 4 hours to about 168 hours, or even about 6 hours to about 120 hours. In another embodiment, the heat source is active for a period of about 2 hours to about 1 year.
  • a system in accordance with the present invention contains, at a minimum, the following components: (1 ) at least one source of one or more corrosion inhibiting compounds; and (2) a means for portably delivering the one or more corrosion inhibiting compounds to an enclosure.
  • a system in accordance with the present invention can optionally contain, in addition to the elements listed above, at least one dehumidifying means and at least one heat source.
  • the means for portably delivering the one or more corrosion inhibiting compounds to an enclosure includes a means for purging and/or recycling the interior atmosphere of such an enclosure.
  • the systems include therein at least one volatilizable compound and/or formula.
  • the present invention includes therein at least one volatilizable inhibiting compound and/or formula. Any compound which can be volatilized can be used in the present invention, whether solid or liquid.
  • the one or more volatilizable compounds or formulas of the present invention can be contained in any suitable polymer or polymer film, foam, powder, tablet (e.g., the polymer can be a polyolefin or any suitable biodegradable polymer, such as a biodegradable polyester or copolyester polymer).
  • Suitable types of volatilizable compounds and/or formulas include volatile corrosion inhibitors, volatile tarnish inhibitors, anti-oxidants, anti- mildew, anti-bacterials and/or UV-protectants.
  • any compound which is to be utilized in the present invention should generate a sufficient partial pressure at a temperature in the range of about 40 0 C to about 9O 0 C, or about 45°C to about 85°C, or even from about 50 0 C to about 80 0 C.
  • the partial pressure of the one or more volatilizable compounds should be at least about 3 to 100 times higher than the partial pressure of the one or more volatilizable compounds at 25°C.
  • the partial pressure of the one or more volatilizable compounds should be at least about 100 Pascals (Pa) instead of about 1 Pa, at least about 5 Pa instead of about 0.1 Pa, or even at least about 10 ⁇ 2 Pa instead of about 10 ⁇ 3 Pa, at any temperature within the above stated temperature ranges.
  • a chart detailing vapor pressure for various inorganic and organic compounds and their partial pressures, or even greater than atmospheric pressures, at certain temperatures can be found in the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 67th Edition, pages D-192 through D-212, which is hereby incorporated by reference for its disclosure relating to vapor pressure. Additional vapor pressure related material may also be found in the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 77th Edition, pages 6-67 through 6-113, which is hereby incorporated by reference for its disclosure relating to vapor pressure.
  • the present invention contains therein one or more volatilizable corrosion and/or tarnish inhibiting compounds or formulas.
  • any suitable corrosion inhibitor can be used in the present invention.
  • United States Patent Nos. 4,290,912; 5,320,778; and 5,855,975 disclose vapor phase or volatile corrosion inhibitors and are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety for their teachings of such compounds.
  • useful vapor phase or volatile corrosion inhibitors include, but are not limited to, benzothazole, and mixtures of benzoates of amine salts with benzotriazole, nitrates of amine salts and C 13 H 2S O 2 N, certain amines and imines, imidazolines and/or imidazoles, triazoloes, pyridines, amides, phosphonates, and sulphonates and their derivatives.
  • Other suitable corrosion inhibitors are described in Corrosion Inhibitors: Principle and Applications, V. S. Sastri, Wiley, New York, NY, 1998.
  • the present invention can utilize a biodegradable polymer- corrosion inhibitor combination as is disclosed in United States Published Patent Application No. 2004/0173779, which is incorporated herein in its entirety for its teaching of biodegradable polymer-corrosion inhibitor combinations.
  • the present invention can utilize polymer miscible corrosion inhibiting compositions such as those disclosed in United States Published Patent Application No. 2004/0069972, which is incorporated herein in its entirety for its teaching of corrosion inhibiting compositions.
  • the present invention can utilize any of the corrosion inhibiting formulas and/or compounds disclosed in United States Published Patent Application No. 2003/0213936, which is incorporated herein in its entirety for its teaching of corrosion inhibiting compositions.
  • the present invention can utilize a tarnish inhibiting compound or formula as disclosed in United States Published Patent Application Nos. 2004/00063837 and 2003/0207974, which are both incorporated in their entireties for their teachings of tarnish inhibiting compounds and/or formulas.
  • a suitable corrosion inhibiting formula for inclusion into the present invention comprises a mixture of: (1a) at least one volatile corrosion inhibitor (VCI); (1 b) at least one anti-oxidant; (1c) at least one alkali or alkaline-earth metal silicate or oxide; and (1d) fumed silica.
  • the corrosion inhibiting formula comprises a mixture of: (2a) at least one volatile corrosion inhibitor (VCI); (2b) at least one anti-oxidant; (2c) at least one alkali or alkaline-earth metal silicate or oxide; (2d) fumed silica; and (2e) at least one chemically active compound.
  • VCI volatile corrosion inhibitor
  • anti-oxidant at least one anti-oxidant
  • alkali or alkaline-earth metal silicate or oxide at least one alkali or alkaline-earth metal silicate or oxide
  • fumed silica fumed silica
  • chemically active compound at least one chemically active compound
  • the corrosion inhibiting formula comprises a mixture of: (3a) an inorganic nitrite salt; (3b) a phenol represented by the formula:
  • R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are selected from alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkenyl and where the sum of carbon atoms in R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is in the range of 3 to about 18; and (3c) fumed silica. All of the mixtures described above can further include additional additives. a. Volatile Corrosion Inhibitors:
  • Any suitable volatile corrosion inhibitor (or vapor phase corrosion inhibitor) can be utilized in the at least one corrosion inhibiting formula contained in the present invention.
  • suitable volatile corrosion inhibitors are disclosed in United States Patent Nos. 4,290,912; 5,320,778; and 5,855,975, which are all incorporated herein by reference in their entirety for their teachings of such inhibitors.
  • useful vapor phase or volatile corrosion inhibitors include, but are not limited to, triazoles and/or inorganic nitrites (e.g., nitrite salts).
  • exemplary inorganic nitrite salts include, but are not limited to, metal nitrites, such as sodium nitrite, potassium nitrite and barium nitrite.
  • metal nitrites such as sodium nitrite, potassium nitrite and barium nitrite.
  • any suitable Group 1 or Group 2 nitrite can be used in the at least one corrosion inhibiting formula contained in the present invention.
  • the one or more vapor phases or volatile corrosion inhibitors utilized in the present invention can be a triazole.
  • Exemplary triazoles include, but are not limited to, benzotriazole, tolyltriazole and/or sodium tolyltriazole.
  • the vapor phase or volatile corrosion inhibitor utilized in the present invention can be any suitable mixture of two or more of the above-mentioned inhibitors.
  • any suitable anti-oxidant can be utilized in the at least one corrosion inhibiting formula contained in the present invention.
  • exemplary anti-oxidants include, but are not limited to, tri-substituted phenols independently substituted in the 2, 4 and 6 positions with one or more alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aryl, alkenyl or hydroxyalkenyl groups of the general formula shown below.
  • the sum of the carbon atoms present in the substituent groups R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is in the range of 3 to about 36, or even in the range of 3 to about 18.
  • a mixture of two or more of the above-mentioned anti-oxidants can be utilized in the at least one corrosion inhibiting formula contained in the present invention.
  • any suitable Group 1 or 2 silicate or oxide can be utilized in the at least one corrosion inhibiting formula contained in the present invention.
  • exemplary silicates include lithium silicate, sodium silicate, potassium silicate and barium silicate.
  • the weight ratio of alkali or alkaline-earth metal oxide to silicate can vary. In one embodiment, this ratio of metal oxide to silicate is from about 5:1 to about 1 :5. In another embodiment, the ratio of metal oxide to silicate is from about 3:1 to about 1 :3.
  • a mixture of one or more silicates can be utilized in the at least one corrosion inhibiting formula contained in the present invention.
  • the one or more silicates can be in a glassy or crystalline state.
  • At least one alkali or alkaline-earth metal oxide is utilized in the at least one corrosion inhibiting formula contained in the present invention rather than, or in addition to, the one or more silicates discussed above.
  • Exemplary alkali and alkaline-earth metal oxides include, but are not limited to, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, strontium oxide and barium oxide.
  • a mixture of two or more alkali or alkaline-earth metal oxides can be utilized in the at least one corrosion inhibiting formula of the present invention.
  • Any suitable fumed silica can be utilized in the at least one corrosion inhibiting formula contained in the present invention.
  • Suitable fumed silicas are available under the tradenames Cab-O-Sil from Cabot Corporation and Aerosil from American Cyanamid. e. Chemically Active Compound:
  • the at least one chemically active compound utilized in the at least one corrosion inhibiting formula contained in the present invention can be an oxide compound, or combination thereof, which can react with one or more compounds to form compounds which are insoluble in aqueous environments.
  • exemplary chemically active compounds include, but are not limited to, iron oxides (both ferrous oxide and ferric oxide), cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, copper oxides (both cuprous oxide and cupric oxide) and zinc oxide.
  • the at least one corrosion inhibiting formula contained in the present invention may also contain other additives, such as UV-protectants, anti-bacterials, anti-mildews, etc.
  • the one or more corrosion inhibiting formulas contained in the present invention are acid-free ⁇ i.e., the mixtures contain an amount, if any, of acidic compounds which does not adversely affect the final pH of the corrosion inhibiting formulas of the present invention).
  • acid free can mean having a pH of more than about 5, or more than about 6, or even more than about 7.
  • the one or more corrosion inhibiting formulas contained in the present invention optionally contain at least one odor-suppressing compound.
  • odor-suppressing compounds include, but are not limited to, iron oxides (both ferrous oxide and ferric oxide), cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, copper oxides (both cuprous oxide and cupric oxide), zinc oxide, magnesium oxide and calcium oxide.
  • Examples A-1 to A-3 describe the preparation of corrosion inhibiting formulas.
  • Sodium Silicate is a glassy product with a weight ratio of silica to sodium oxide of 2 (commercially available from the PQ Corporation).
  • "lonol” is 2,6-di-tert- butyl-4-methyl phenol (commercially available from the Uniroyal Chemical Company).
  • "Cab-O-Sil” is fumed silica (commercially available from the Cabot Corporation).
  • Cobratec TT-85 is sodium tolyltriazole, a corrosion inhibitor commercially available from the Sherwin-Williams Company.
  • the present invention relates to systems which can contain therein at least one tarnish inhibiting formula which comprises a mixture of: (4a) at least one strong alkali compound; and (4b) at least one compound which yields an insoluble sulfide.
  • This mixture can further include one or more additional additives, such as anti-oxidants, corrosion inhibitors, etc. a. Strong Alkali Compound:
  • any suitable Group 1 or 2 silicate or oxide can be utilized in the at least one tarnish inhibiting formula contained in the present invention as component (4a), the at least one strong alkali compound.
  • exemplary silicates include, but are not limited to, lithium silicate, sodium silicate, potassium silicate and barium silicate.
  • the weight ratio of alkali or alkaline-earth metal oxide to silicate can vary. In one embodiment, this ratio of metal oxide to silicate is from about 5:1 to about 1 :5. In another embodiment, the ratio of metal oxide to silicate is from about 2.5:1 to about 1 :2.5.
  • a mixture of one or more silicates can be used in the at least one tarnish inhibiting formula contained in the present invention.
  • the one or more silicates can be in a glassy or crystalline state.
  • the at least one alkali or alkaline-earth metal oxide is utilized in the at least one tarnish inhibiting formula contained in the present invention rather than the one or more silicates.
  • exemplary alkaline-earth metal oxides include, but are not limited to, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, strontium oxide and barium oxide.
  • a mixture of two or more alkali or alkaline-earth metal oxides can be utilized in the at least one tarnish inhibiting formula contained in the present invention.
  • any suitable compound which forms an insoluble compound such as a sulfide (solubility of less than about 0.1 grams/liter of water) when H 2 S is present, can be utilized in the at least one tarnish inhibiting formula contained in the present invention as component (4b), the compound which yields an insoluble sulfide.
  • exemplary compounds include, but are not limited to, compounds containing iron, cobalt, nickel, copper and zinc. Mixtures of two or more such compounds can also be utilized in the at least one tarnish inhibiting formula contained in the present invention.
  • Suitable anions for the compound according to component (4b) include oxides and hydroxides.
  • Exemplary compounds include, but are not limited to, zinc oxide, zinc hydroxide, iron oxides (both ferrous oxide and ferric oxide), iron hydroxide (Fe(OH) 2 ), cobalt oxide, cobalt hydroxides (both Co(OH) 2 and Co 2 O 3 » 3H 2 O), nickel oxide, nickel (II) hydroxide, copper oxides (both cuprous oxide and cupric oxide) and copper hydroxide. Mixtures of two or more of the above compounds can also be utilized as component (4b).
  • Volatile Corrosion Inhibitors Volatile Corrosion Inhibitors:
  • the tarnish inhibiting formula contained in the present invention further includes any suitable volatile corrosion inhibitor (or vapor phase corrosion inhibitor).
  • suitable volatile corrosion inhibitors are disclosed in United States Patent Nos. 4,290,912; 5,320,778; and 5,855,975, which are all incorporated herein by reference in their entirety for their teachings of such inhibitors.
  • useful vapor phase or volatile corrosion inhibitors include, but are not limited to, triazoles and/or inorganic nitrites (e.g., nitrite salts).
  • Exemplary inorganic nitrite salts include, but are not limited to, metal nitrites, such as sodium nitrite, potassium nitrite and barium nitrite.
  • metal nitrites such as sodium nitrite, potassium nitrite and barium nitrite.
  • any suitable Group 1 or Group 2 nitrite can be used in the one or more tarnish inhibiting formulas contained in the present invention.
  • the one or more tarnish inhibiting formulas contained in the present invention can optionally include one or more vapor phase or volatile corrosion inhibitors selected from triazoles.
  • Exemplary triazoles include, but are not limited to, benzotriazole, tolyltriazole and/or sodium tolyltriazole.
  • the optional vapor phase or volatile corrosion inhibitor utilized in the present invention can be any suitable mixture of two or more of the above-mentioned volatile corrosion inhibitors.
  • any suitable anti-oxidant can be utilized in the tarnish inhibiting portion of the present invention.
  • exemplary anti-oxidants include, but are not limited to, tri-substituted phenols substituted in the 2, 4 and 6 positions with one or more alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aryl, alkenyl or hydroxyalkenyl groups of the general formula shown below.
  • the sum of the carbon atoms present in the substituent groups R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is in the range of 3 to about 36, or even in the range of 3 to about 18.
  • the tarnish inhibiting formulas optionally contained in the present invention may also contain other additives such as, UV-protectants, anti-bacterials, anti-mildews, etc.
  • the one or more corrosion inhibiting formulas contained in the present invention are acid-free (i.e., the mixtures contain an amount, if any, of acidic compounds which do not adversely affect the final pH of the corrosion inhibiting formulas of the present invention).
  • acid free can mean having a pH of more than about 5, or more than about 6, or even more than about 7.
  • a tarnish inhibiting formula, according to the present invention optionally contains an odor-suppressing compound.
  • Such compounds include, but are not limited to, iron oxides (both ferrous oxide and ferric oxide), cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, copper oxides (both cuprous oxide and cupric oxide), zinc oxide, magnesium oxide and calcium oxide.
  • the present invention relates to systems which contain therein at least one corrosion inhibiting formula which comprises a mixture of: (3a) an inorganic nitrite salt, (3b) a trisubstituted phenol and (3c) fumed silica.
  • the useful inorganic nitrite salts include metal nitrites (such as Group I and Il metal nitrites), including potassium nitrite, sodium nitrite and calcium nitrite.
  • the nitrite salt is sodium nitrite.
  • the trisubstituted phenols which are useful are substituted in the 2, 4 and 6 positions with alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aryl, alkenyl or hydroxyalkenyl.
  • the phenol is 2,6 di-t-butyl-4-methyl phenol.
  • any suitable fumed silica can be utilized.
  • An exemplary fumed silica is available commercially under the tradename "Cab-O-Sil” from the Cabot Corporation.
  • This corrosion inhibiting formula is further illustrated by means of the following example wherein the term “parts” refers to parts by weight unless otherwise indicated. The following example is not meant to be limiting, rather it is illustrative of only one embodiment within the scope of the present invention.
  • the systems of the present invention contain at least one heat source.
  • Any suitable heat source having a controllable heat output can be utilized in the present invention.
  • Suitable heat sources include, but are not limited to, chemical heat sources (e.g., mixtures of iron powder, water, salt, activated charcoal and vermiculite) which, when exposed to air, undergo a chemical reaction and yield excess heat and battery or fuel powered non-flame heat sources (e.g., a light bulb, a heating element, etc.).
  • One type of heat source which, in most instances, is disfavored for use in the present invention is any type of heat source which generates a flame (e.g., a Sterno can, a Bunsen burner, a cigarette lighter, etc.). This type heat source is generally disfavored for use in the present invention because it could lead to fire hazards and the temperature of the heat output is generally difficult to control.
  • the present invention relates to a system that is designed to deliver one or more corrosion inhibiting compounds to one or more fully sealed enclosures, and to methods of using same.
  • fully sealed enclosure it is meant that such an enclosure does not permit the infusion, intrusion and/or inclusion of any environment external to the interior of the fully sealed enclosure.
  • the present invention permits, simultaneously, a change in the environment of the enclosure and delivery of one or more corrosion inhibiting compounds to an interior environment.
  • the present invention can be used to provide one or more corrosion inhibiting compounds to one or more partially sealed enclosures.
  • partially sealed enclosure it is meant that the enclosure is not totally and/or completely sealed from any one or more environments external to the interior of the partially sealed enclosed. Given this, such partially sealed enclosures permit and/or allow the infusion, intrusion and/or inclusion of an external environment into the interior of the partially sealed enclosure.
  • the present invention can be designed to provide an over pressure to the enclosure (i.e., a pressure greater than the surround pressure of the external atmosphere) thereby preventing and/or reducing the amount of external atmosphere that enters a given enclosure.
  • the present invention can be used to provide one or more corrosion inhibiting compounds to an open enclosure.
  • an open enclosure is defined as an enclosure that is not totally sealed from an external atmosphere and thus permits any amount of external atmosphere to enter the enclosure.
  • the present invention can be designed to provide an over pressure to the enclosure (i.e., a pressure greater than the surround pressure of the external atmosphere) thereby preventing and/or reducing the amount of external atmosphere that enters a given enclosure.
  • the present invention can contain one or more filters or filtration devices designed to remove from an atmosphere passing there through one or more deleterious compounds.
  • filters or filtration devices designed to remove from an atmosphere passing there through one or more deleterious compounds. Examples of compounds that can be removed include, but are not limited to, H 2 S, SO 2 , CO 2 , Cl ' , and H 2 O.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a system 100 in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • system 100 is a portable VCI and/or desiccant unit that contains a fan 102 that creates directional air flow as noted by the arrows in Figure 1.
  • fan 102 that creates directional air flow as noted by the arrows in Figure 1.
  • System 100 further includes a corrosion inhibiting portion 104, a heat source 106 and a desiccant portion 108.
  • system 100 is shown having both a corrosion inhibiting portion 104 and a desiccant portion 108, the present invention is not limited to embodiments having both. Rather, one or the other of the corrosion inhibiting portion 104 or a desiccant portion 108 can be used in conjunction with the present invention.
  • system 100 is shown with heat source 106, a heat source is not a requirement for all embodiments of the present invention. For example, a heat source 106 is not necessary where no corrosion inhibiting portion 104 is present, or in the situation where system 100 is utilized in an environment where a heat source would be redundant (e.g., a dessert environment, a tropical environment, the interior of a steel plant, etc.).
  • system 100 is connected to a large electrical substation enclosure 110 via tubes 112 and 114.
  • Tubes 112 and 114 are, in one embodiment, removably and/or permanently connected to inputs/outputs 116 and 118 in enclosure 110.
  • portable system 100 can be used in conjunction with any type of enclosure (e.g., a garage, a warehouse, shipping containers, storage tanks, ship holds, etc.) that is permanently or temporarily stationary where corrosion and/or tarnish mitigation is desired.
  • system 100 of Figure 1 supplies corrosion inhibitor-laden air to the interior environment of enclosure 110, as is denoted by the arrows in Figure 1 , in order to mitigate and/or negate the effects of corrosion and/or tarnish causing compounds that may exist/occur in the interior environment of enclosure 110. Additionally, if present, any desiccant section/portion contained in system 100 acts to remove some and/or all of the water vapor from the atmosphere that is being circulated through enclosure 110 due the directional air flow provided by fan 102.
  • Figure 1 is not limited to just the flow pattern where the input is at the bottom of enclosure 110. Rather, any input/output arrangement can be used in conjunction with enclosure 110, so long as a suitable amount of inhibitor is delivered to the internal environment of enclosure 110. In one embodiment, system 100 can also cause a pressure increase within the interior of enclosure 110 in order to prevent and/or reduce any deleterious compounds from entering enclosure 110 from the external environment surrounding enclosure 110.
  • system 200 is shown in conjunction with a permanent enclosure 210.
  • system 200 is a fixed VCI and/or desiccant unit, although system 100 of Figure 1 can be used in place of system 200, if so desired.
  • system 200 contains a fan 202 that creates directional air flow as noted by the arrows in Figure 2.
  • the embodiment of Figure 2 is also not limited to just fan 202. Rather any means (e.g., a vacuum) that is able to generate directional air flow can be utilized in conjunction with the embodiment of Figure 2.
  • System 200 further includes any suitable combination 204 of a corrosion inhibiting portion, a heat source, and a desiccant portion.
  • system 200 is not limited to just embodiments where a heat source is present.
  • a heat source is not necessary where no corrosion inhibiting portion is present, or in the situation where system is utilized in an environment where a heat source would be redundant (e.g., a desert environment, a tropical environment, the interior of a steel plant, etc.).
  • system 200 is placed within the interior of a large enclosure (e.g., a warehouse, factory, or other building) where a large item 212 is either being built and/or stored.
  • a large enclosure e.g., a warehouse, factory, or other building
  • Exemplary items 212 that may be present within such disclosures include, but are not limited to, ships (or portions thereof), planes (or portions thereof), cars, tanks, artillery, missiles, finished metal products (e.g., metal rolls, rods, or sheets - such as steel rolls), finished appliances, or any product (or portion thereof) that needs to be stored in a reduced corrosion environment.
  • system 200 is connected to intake 206 and output 208 for supplying corrosion inhibitor-laden air to the interior environment of enclosure 210, as is denoted by the arrows in Figure 2, in order to mitigate and/or negate the effects of corrosion and/or tarnish causing compounds that may exist/occur in the interior environment of enclosure 210. Additionally, if present, any desiccant section/portion contained in system 200 acts to remove some and/or all of the water vapor from the atmosphere that is being circulated through enclosure 210 due the directional air flow provided by fan 202. It should be noted, that the embodiment of Figure 2 is not limited to just the flow pattern where the input is at the top of enclosure 210.
  • any input/output arrangement can be used in conjunction with enclosure 210, so long as a suitable amount of inhibitor is delivered to the internal environment of enclosure 210.
  • system 200 can also cause a pressure increase within the interior of enclosure 210 in order to prevent and/or reduce any deleterious compounds from entering enclosure 210 from the external environment surrounding enclosure 210.
  • one or more additional pressure increasing means such as pump 220, can be used to cause an increase in the internal atmospheric pressure of enclosure 210.
  • system 200 is shown in conjunction with a permanent enclosure 210.
  • system 200 is a fixed VCI and/or desiccant unit, although system 100 of Figure 1 can be used in place of system 200, if so desired.
  • system 200 contains a fan 202 that creates directional air flow as noted by the arrows in Figure 3.
  • the embodiment of Figure 3 is also not limited to just fan 202. Rather any means (e.g., a vacuum) that is able to generate directional air flow can be utilized in conjunction with the embodiment of Figure 3.
  • System 200 further includes any suitable combination 204 of a corrosion inhibiting portion, a heat source, and a desiccant portion.
  • system 200 is not limited to just embodiments where a heat source is present.
  • a heat source is not necessary where no corrosion inhibiting portion is present, or in the situation where system is utilized in an environment where a heat source would be redundant (e.g., a dessert environment, a tropical environment, the interior of a steel plant, etc.).
  • system 200 is placed within the interior of a large enclosure (e.g., a warehouse, factory, or other building) where a large item 212 is either being built and/or stored.
  • a large enclosure e.g., a warehouse, factory, or other building
  • Exemplary items 212 that may be present within such disclosures include, but are not limited to, ships (or portions thereof), planes (or portions thereof), cars, tanks, artillery, missiles, finished metal products (e.g., metal rolls, rods, or sheets - such as steel rolls), finished appliances, or any product (or portion thereof) that needs to be stored in a reduced corrosion environment.
  • system 200 is removably connected to intake 306 and output 308 for supplying corrosion inhibitor-laden air to the interior environment of a movable and/or collapsible sub-enclosure 350 that is located within enclosure 210 and isolates a portion of the interior environment of enclosure 210 that immediately surrounds item 212. Additionally, if present, any desiccant section/portion contained in system 200 acts to remove some and/or all of the water vapor from the atmosphere that is being circulated through enclosure 350 due the directional air flow provided by fan 202.
  • sub-enclosure 350 can be lifted and/or moved via any suitable means.
  • a crane lift system 352 can be used to move and/or lift sub-enclosure 350.
  • system 200 can also cause a pressure increase within the interior of sub-enclosure 350 in order to prevent and/or reduce any deleterious compounds from entering sub-enclosure 350 from the external environment surrounding sub-enclosure 350.
  • one or more additional pressure increasing means such as one or more pumps (e.g., see the embodiment of Figure 2), can be used to cause an increase in the internal atmospheric pressure of sub-enclosure 350.
  • Figure 4 illustrates the instance where sub- enclosure 350 has been lifted
  • Figure 5 illustrates an embodiment where the main enclosure 210 has been done away with and all that remains is a moveable and/or collapsible enclosure 460
  • Figure 6 is a picture of a model of the embodiment of Figure 5.
  • Figure 7 is a graph illustrating an exemplary drop in relative humidity provided by a system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, where such system contains a desiccant section.
  • the Relative Humidity (RH) in a given enclosure needs to be reduced and maintained at or below 50% RH, or even at or below 40% RH.
  • RH Relative Humidity
  • a system in accordance with the present invention can be cycled on and off in response to an increase in the relative humidity in an enclosure, or based on a time table cycle schedule.
  • Figures 8 and 9 illustrate humidity plots for systems in accordance with the present invention, where such systems are designed to cycle on and off. As can be seen from Figures 8 and 9, a variety of relative humidity plots are possible with the present invention. Whereas Figure 8 has a relatively smooth transition between the high and low relative humidity values, Figure 9 is designed to be on for shorter periods of time but to deliver a quicker reduction ih the relative humidity.
  • the present invention provides for increased and/or portable dehumidification, which is the first step in preventing, delaying and/or reducing corrosion;
  • the present invention permits one to select various dehumidification rates and/or speeds depending upon the environment conditions present within the one or more enclosures to be protected;
  • the present invention permits the relative humidity of one or more enclosures to be reduced to less than about 50%, less than about 40%, less than about 30%, or even less than about 20% for extended periods of time in order to prevent, delay and/or reduce corrosion.
  • the present invention can further include a humidity sensing unit that automates the on and off cycles of the systems of the present invention;
  • the present invention also permits high speed of dehumidification due to the creation of circulation within an enclosure
  • the present invention also permits high speed delivery of one or more corrosion inhibiting compounds/formulas
  • the present invention can also provide corrosion protection in enclosed environments where the relative humidity therein is more than about 50%, more than about 60%, more than about 70%, or more than about 80%, or more than about 90%, or even up to about 100% due to the ability of the systems of the present invention to deliver an increased amount/partial pressure of one or more corrosion inhibiting compounds/formulas; and
  • the present invention permits the use of lower concentrations of one or more corrosion inhibiting compounds/formulas due while delivering a increased level of protection due to the use of constant and/or automated low vapor pressure delivery of such compounds.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne d'une manière générale des systèmes portables conçus pour délivrer un ou plusieurs composés inhibiteurs de corrosion (c'est-à-dire un ou plusieurs composés inhibiteurs de corrosion et/ou inhibiteurs de ternissement) à une enceinte ; et un procédé pour utiliser ceux-ci. Plus spécifiquement, la présente invention concerne des systèmes portables, mobiles, autonomes et/ou discrets conçus pour délivrer un ou plusieurs composés inhibiteurs de corrosion à une enceinte tout en purgeant et/ou recyclant simultanément l'atmosphère intérieure d'une telle enceinte, et des procédés d'utilisation de ceux-ci. Dans un autre mode de réalisation, la présente invention concerne des systèmes portables conçus pour délivrer un ou plusieurs composés inhibiteurs de corrosion à une enceinte tout en déshumidifiant, purgeant et/ou recyclant simultanément l'atmosphère intérieure d'une telle enceinte, et des procédés d'utilisation de ceux-ci.
PCT/US2007/024181 2006-11-20 2007-11-19 Systèmes pour diminuer les facteurs de corrosion environnementaux et/ou pour délivrer un ou plusieurs composés inhibiteurs de corrosion à une enceinte WO2008118153A2 (fr)

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US11/602,129 US20080118419A1 (en) 2006-11-20 2006-11-20 Systems for decreasing environmental corrosion factors and/or for delivering one or more corrosion inhibiting compounds to an enclosure

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DE102014207166A1 (de) * 2014-04-15 2015-10-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines gasförmigen Korrosionsschutzes aus Basis von VCI-Wirkstoffen
US9656201B2 (en) 2014-12-24 2017-05-23 Northern Technologies International Corporation Smart, on-demand controlled release corrosion protection and/or prevention of metals in an enclosure
US11371643B2 (en) * 2020-10-13 2022-06-28 General Air Products, Inc. Corrosion risk reduction apparatus, corrosion risk reduction detection device and corrosion risk reduction systems and methods

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US20060099247A1 (en) * 2004-11-10 2006-05-11 Byrd-Walsh, Llc. Liquid, gas and/or vapor phase delivery systems

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AR063823A1 (es) 2009-02-18
WO2008118153A3 (fr) 2008-11-20
WO2008118153A9 (fr) 2008-12-31

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