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WO2008035487A1 - Rotor de moteur - Google Patents

Rotor de moteur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008035487A1
WO2008035487A1 PCT/JP2007/060498 JP2007060498W WO2008035487A1 WO 2008035487 A1 WO2008035487 A1 WO 2008035487A1 JP 2007060498 W JP2007060498 W JP 2007060498W WO 2008035487 A1 WO2008035487 A1 WO 2008035487A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
magnet
electric motor
magnetic flux
magnets
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2007/060498
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Tsutomu Tanimoto
Masaki Nakano
Masahiro Tsukamoto
Tadayuki Hatsuda
Tetsuya Niikuni
Yasuhiro Yanagihara
Hiroshi Takashima
Original Assignee
Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP2006252688A external-priority patent/JP2007174885A/ja
Priority claimed from JP2006253946A external-priority patent/JP2008079393A/ja
Application filed by Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. filed Critical Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
Publication of WO2008035487A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008035487A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
    • H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
    • H02K1/278—Surface mounted magnets; Inset magnets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a rotor of an electric motor.
  • the present invention it is possible to independently rotate two rotors by feeding one composite current, which is a composite of currents corresponding to two rotors, to one stator, It is possible to generate two separate output 'torques with one motor body, and the average value of the current applied to the stator for both rotors simply gives the current to the two motors. There is an effect that the loss due to the current lower than the average value is reduced.
  • the electric motor in the above-described invention assumes that the output destination is only a tire (wheel), for example, in the case of a wheel-in motor in which the electric motor is mounted inside the tire in an automobile or the like. Therefore, two output shafts are unnecessary and redundant. There are also problems such as the need for a mechanism that combines two output shafts into a single shaft. When two separate motors are combined and the torque of two motors is mechanically combined, two motors Since there is a housing, it cannot be downsized. In addition, simply increasing the size of a “normal conventional motor” to increase the motor torque has problems such as an increase in the motor housing and an increase in current loss. That is, there is a demand for the development of a rotor for a rotating electric machine that has a smaller current loss and is further miniaturized.
  • the present invention integrates a plurality of rotors (a plurality of magnets included therein) having a different number of pole pairs into a single physique.
  • a motor rotor that is reduced in size and has low current loss.
  • the rotor of the electric motor of the present invention that solves the above-described problems is obtained by adding together a plurality of magnet magnetic fluxes corresponding to a plurality of magnet sets each having a different number of magnetic poles.
  • the place where this is done (referred to as the flux noria part) is characterized in that a low-flux magnet is placed or the magnet is removed so that the amount of magnetic flux is reduced compared to the place where the magnetic flux is not canceled.
  • a magnet magnetized so that the magnetic flux is concentrated in a portion where the magnetic flux is increased by the addition of the magnetic flux of the magnetic flux tl is arranged in the space from which the magnet that solves the above-described problems is removed.
  • the magnetic flux concentration effect may be enhanced while effectively using the space where the magnet is removed.
  • the rotor of the electric motor generates magnetic flux that generates a magnetic flux equivalent to a magnet magnetic flux obtained by adding together the magnetic fluxes of a plurality of magnet sets each having a different number of magnetic poles.
  • the member is a member that generates a magnetic flux corresponding to the combined magnetic flux so as to superimpose and cancel the magnet magnetic flux of the set of the plurality of magnets, and the portion where the magnetic flux is canceled is compared with the portion where the magnetic flux is not canceled.
  • a low-flux magnet is arranged or the magnet is removed to reduce the amount of magnetic flux.
  • the rotor of the electric motor of the second invention has two sets of the plurality of magnets, and the magnetic flux of the number of magnetic pole components of each set (that is, the arrangement of the magnets constituting each set) is predetermined. The phase difference is provided.
  • the predetermined phase difference energizes a stator winding constituting the electric motor (based on a combination of the number of magnetic poles of the plurality of magnet sets).
  • the absolute peak value of the winding current is set to be minimum.
  • the predetermined phase difference energizes a stator winding constituting the electric motor (based on a combination of the number of magnetic poles of the plurality of magnet sets). It is characterized in that the average value of the absolute value of the winding current is set to be minimum.
  • the predetermined phase difference energizes the stator windings constituting the electric motor (based on the combination of the number of magnetic poles of the plurality of magnet sets).
  • the effective value of the winding current is set to be a minimum.
  • the predetermined phase difference is based on the two magnet magnetic fluxes (based on the combination of the number of magnetic poles of the plurality of magnet sets) corresponding to the two sets of magnets. It is characterized in that the peak value of the magnetic flux summing up is set to be the minimum.
  • the predetermined phase difference constitutes the electric motor when the rotor rotates (based on a combination of the number of magnetic poles of the plurality of magnet sets). It is characterized in that it is set so that the peak value of the induced voltage generated in the stator winding is minimized.
  • the magnetic flux generating member (that is, the magnet constituting the set of the plurality of magnets in this member) is at least one set of the set of the plurality of magnets.
  • the corresponding magnet magnetic flux is formed so as to be distributed in a sinusoidal shape in the circumferential direction of the rotor.
  • the surface shape of at least one of the plurality of magnet sets facing the stator constituting the electric motor (that is, when cut by a plane perpendicular to the axis of the electric motor)
  • a magnet set that assumes that the cross-sectional shape is an arc shape whose diameter is smaller than the radius from the rotor axis for each magnetic pole with respect to the circumferential direction of the rotor.
  • the magnetic flux generating member is a permanent magnet
  • the permanent magnet is constituted by a first permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet
  • the second The magnet characteristics with respect to the temperature change of the second permanent magnet are more stable than those of the second permanent magnet (i.e., the magnet characteristic change with respect to the temperature change of the second permanent magnet is more stable than that of the first permanent magnet). Small).
  • the set of the plurality of magnets includes a first magnet set having a low magnetic pole number and a second magnet set having a high magnetic pole number,
  • the magnets constituting the first magnet set (low magnetic pole number) and the second magnet set (high magnetic pole number) are arranged so that the magnetic flux of the first set of magnets (low magnetic pole component) is strengthened when canceling out the magnets constituting the.
  • the set of the plurality of magnets includes a first magnet set having a low magnetic pole number and a second magnet set having a high magnetic pole number,
  • the magnets constituting the first magnet set (low magnetic pole number) and the second magnet set (high magnetic pole number) are arranged so that the magnetic fluxes of the magnets constituting the second set of magnets (high magnetic pole component) are strengthened when the magnets constituting the are canceled.
  • the magnetic flux generating member is composed of a plurality of permanent magnets, and the circumferential length (as viewed from the rotor center) of the plurality of permanent magnets is All the same 1 (the magnet pitch of the permanent magnets is the same for all magnets).
  • the magnetic flux generating member is composed of a plurality of permanent magnets, and the circumferential length (as viewed from the rotor center) of the plurality of permanent magnets is It differs depending on the magnet (the magnet pitch of the permanent magnet is configured with a different length depending on the magnet).
  • the magnetic flux generating member is composed of a plurality of permanent magnets, and the thickness of the plurality of permanent magnets (as viewed from the rotor center) in the radial direction is It is characterized by being different depending on the magnet (that is, the magnet thickness in the radial direction varies depending on the magnet).
  • the rotor of the electric motor according to the eighteenth aspect of the present invention is the rotation of an electric motor in which magnets magnetized so that the magnetic flux is concentrated on the portion where the magnetic flux is increased tl by the addition of the magnetic flux to the portion where the magnet is removed. Characterized by a child.
  • the rotor of the electric motor according to the nineteenth aspect of the invention is characterized in that one or more magnets magnetized so that the magnetic flux is concentrated on the portion where the magnetic flux is increased tl by the sum of the magnetic flux at the portion where the magnet is removed. It features a motor rotor that is arranged so that the magnetic flux is concentrated depending on the magnetic direction.
  • the rotor of the electric motor of the twentieth invention is characterized in that the magnetized magnet is a rotor of the electric motor such that the magnetic flux is concentrated by the installation angle of one or more magnets.
  • the rotor of the electric motor of the twenty-first invention is characterized in that the magnetized magnet is a rotor of the electric motor in which the magnetic flux is concentrated by combining two or more vectors.
  • the rotor of the electric motor of the twenty-second invention is an electric motor rotor in which the magnetized magnet concentrates the magnetic flux by one or more magnets and one or more flux noria.
  • the solving means of the present invention has been described as an apparatus, but the present invention can also be realized as a method substantially corresponding to these, and the scope of the present invention includes these as well. It was understood that
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an electric motor using a rotor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a composite state of two sine waves.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an electric motor using the rotor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a rotor according to a second embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of changes in the peak value of the magnetic flux in the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an electric motor using a rotor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of changes in the induced voltage peak value in the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an electric motor using a rotor (modified example) according to a third embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 A sectional view showing the configuration of an electric motor using a rotor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 A sectional view showing the configuration of an electric motor using a rotor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of a rotor according to a fifth embodiment.
  • FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an electric motor using a rotor according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a linear arrangement of a magnet arrangement in which a magnet with a high magnetic pole number (4 poles) (virtual rotor) is combined with a magnet region with a low magnetic pole number (2 poles) and an electrical angle of one cycle.
  • FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an electric motor using a rotor according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 21 is a view showing only the mechanical angle 120 degrees of the rotor of FIG. 17 (an example in which the width is changed).
  • FIG. 22 is a view showing only the mechanical angle 120 degrees of the rotor of FIG. 17 (example in which the thickness is changed).
  • FIG. 23 is a cross sectional explanatory view schematically showing a configuration of a rotor and a stator of an electric motor according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing an example of another magnetization direction in the magnet of FIG.
  • FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional explanatory view schematically showing a configuration of a rotor and a stator of a motor having a four-pole pair of rotors in a 12-slot stator.
  • FIG. 26 is an explanatory cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a rotor and a stator of a motor having an 8-pole rotor in a 12-slot stator.
  • FIG. 29 schematically shows a configuration of a rotor and a stator of an electric motor according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram when magnets are arranged on the surface, and (b) is a diagram illustrating magnets.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram when embedded.
  • FIG. 30 schematically shows a configuration of a rotor and a stator of an electric motor according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • A is a cross-sectional explanatory view when the magnet is arranged on the surface.
  • B is a diagram illustrating the magnet.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram when embedded.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an electric motor using a rotor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Reference numeral 11 denotes a stator, which is composed of 18 divided cores 12, and each of the 18 divided cores 12 is wound with winding wires 13 in a concentrated manner.
  • 3 pieces arranged every 6 pieces are 1 set (total 6 sets) Connected in series or in parallel, one of which is connected to one of the other phases as a neutral point
  • the other is inside an inverter (not shown), and is connected to the P side / ⁇ side of the power supply line via a switching element.
  • This inverter is configured to control 6 phases. Note that this stator can be applied to the same operating force S even with a core that is not divided by the force described by the divided core, or the present invention can be applied to a slotless motor. Also, the shoreline is applicable not only to concentrated winding but also to distributed ridges.
  • the rotor 14 is a rotor, and in this embodiment, the rotor 14 includes three negative pole magnets N1 to N3 and six negative pole magnets S1 to S6, and these magnets are connected to a three pole pair. It functions as two sets of magnets with two types of pole pairs, six pole pairs.
  • the two sets of magnets in this case are conceptual and have three poles for one current that makes up the combined current supplied to the stator windings that are not clearly separated. Means that there is one set of magnets that behave as a set of pairs of magnets, and one set of magnets that behaves as a set of six pole pairs for the other current that makes up the composite current
  • the magnets S1 to S6 and Nl to 3 function as both sets of magnets at the same time.
  • FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the rotor generation of the first embodiment.
  • (A) in FIG. 2 is a rotor of an electric motor having a two-rotor structure.
  • the rotor has 6 pole pairs of magnets.
  • FIG. 2B shows the magnets arranged in two layers on the surface of the inner rotor. A slight phase adjustment is made at the time of arrangement, and the details will be described later.
  • the rotor 14A has two types of magnets (N pole and S pole) with different magnetization directions in contact with each other at several positions. As is well known, when magnets with different magnetization directions are bonded together, the magnets are equivalent if they have the same magnetic force.
  • Fig. 2 (C) shows the removal of the partial force magnet with magnets with different magnetizations seen in the radial direction.
  • This rotor 14 has N pole magnets N1 to N3, Includes S-pole magnets S1-S6.
  • N1 to N3 includes S-pole magnets S1-S6.
  • the rotor 14 that generates the composite magnetic flux CF of the three-pole pair and the six-pole pair as shown by a curved line is completed.
  • the inner rotor and outer rotor are integrated.
  • the motor functions. That is, the rotor 14A is a rotor having a configuration in which the first rotor of the inner rotor and the second rotor of the outer rotor are integrated together.
  • the present invention is further directed to the configuration of FIG. 2 (C) in which an unnecessary magnet is removed, which is an improvement to such a configuration, and the torque is improved by reducing the inertia of the deleted magnet. This has the effect of reducing the weight of the motor and reducing the cost of the deleted magnet.
  • the area from which unnecessary magnets are removed is a space, and air occupies the area.
  • the area occupied by air does not pass magnetic flux and functions. Really. That is, it is necessary to place a member other than a material that can easily pass magnetic flux such as iron in this area from which the magnet has been removed, but space (air) is usually sufficient.
  • space air
  • phase difference is used for the purpose of relaxing the magnetic saturation of the magnetic field of the rotor, it is conceivable to apply the above configuration with the phase difference of 0 to the rotor magnet. .
  • phase difference there is an optimum phase difference depending on the purpose as described above, and each is set.
  • a 6-phase inverter is connected to the stator, and it is sufficient if current is applied so as to generate a composite sinusoidal magnetic flux corresponding to the rotor magnetic field of 3 pole pairs and 6 pole pairs. ,.
  • the current command is rotated according to the position of the rotor in the same way as a normal motor.
  • this motor generates a composite magnetic flux corresponding to both pole pairs.
  • a sine wave of 3 cycles is generated. Therefore, the inverter is considered as 6 phases, and the current value at each position obtained by dividing 1 cycle of the sine wave into 6 is calculated as the command value of each phase.
  • a 6-pole pair of magnets generates a 6-cycle sine wave, so the current command value at the position where the 1-cycle sine wave is divided into 3 parts is obtained.
  • the command values for the second and fifth phases and the third and sixth phases are used. After this, the command values of the 3-pole pair and 6-pole pair are added together to perform current control as the command value of the 6-phase inverter. This causes the rotor to generate torque and rotate.
  • Torque is generated by the above operation. Torque is generated by the interaction of field magnetic flux (magnetic flux generated by the rotor) and current magnetic flux (rotating magnetic flux generated by the stator). It is generated according to the fundamental wave component (in this example, 3 pole pair and 6 pole pair). In this example, since the magnetic flux obtained by combining sine waves with amplitude 1 is generated, the fundamental wave component is naturally amplitude 1, so that for an electric motor that is rotated alone with amplitude 1 It is theoretically possible to generate almost twice the torque with a single motor.
  • the fundamental wave component in this example, 3 pole pair and 6 pole pair
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an electric motor using a rotor according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • a 12-slot 6-phase stator 21 is combined with a 2-pole / 4-pole pair rotor.
  • the stator 21 has 12 cores 22 and 12 windings 23.
  • the rotor 24 ⁇ in FIG. 6 is equivalent to the rotor 24 in FIG.
  • the magnets provided in the rotor 24 are two negative magnets N21 and N22, and two negative S magnets S21 and S22.
  • Fig. 7 shows the peak values of the magnetic flux of the magnet when the two-pole pair and the four-pole pair of magnetic flux with amplitude 1 are combined and the phase of both is changed as in the first embodiment.
  • FIGS. 8 to 12 are diagrams related to the third embodiment, in which a 2-pole / 6-pole pair rotor is combined with an 18-slot 9-phase stator.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an electric motor using a rotor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the stator 31 has 18 cores 32 and 18 windings 33.
  • the rotor 34A in FIG. 9 is equivalent to the rotor 34 in FIG.
  • the magnets provided on the rotor 34 are four N-pole magnets N31 to N34 and four S-pole magnets S21 to S34. Fig.
  • FIG. 10 shows the peak value of the induced voltage when the magnetic flux of amplitude 1 of 2 pole pairs and 6 pole pairs is combined and the phase of both is changed as in the first embodiment. From Fig. 10, the peak value of the induced voltage is maximized when the phase difference between the two is 0 ° (60 °), and the peak value of the induced voltage is minimized when it is 30 ° (90 °). Maximizing the peak value of the induced voltage makes it possible to increase the torque of the motor, and conversely, minimizing the peak value of the induced voltage enables high rotation speed of the motor. For this reason, in FIG.
  • the end of the magnet (the contact portion of the magnets with different magnetic poles), that is, the phase zero point is set to overlap with each other, and the phase difference is set to 0 °.
  • the rotor structure shown in Fig. 8 is obtained through the same process.
  • the end of the magnet is overlapped so that it is 30 °, and the rotor structure of Fig. 11 is obtained.
  • the stator 41 has 18 cores 42 and 18 windings 43.
  • the rotor 44A in FIG. 12 is equivalent to the rotor 44 in FIG.
  • the magnets provided on the rotor 44 are two N-pole magnets N41 N42, S magnets with two S poles, S41 and S42.
  • FIG. 13 and 14 are diagrams related to the fourth embodiment, and the basic configuration is the same as that of FIG. 5 of the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an electric motor using a rotor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the stator 51 has 12 cores 52 and 12 windings 53.
  • the rotor 54A in FIG. 14 is equivalent to the rotor 54 in FIG.
  • the magnets provided on the rotor 54 are four N-pole magnets N51 to N54 and four S-pole magnets S51 to S54.
  • the difference from the second embodiment is the magnet surface shape.
  • the magnet surface in the second embodiment has a circular arc shape that is concentric with the rotor shaft center.
  • the surface of the 4-pole pair magnet is larger than the radius of the rotor shaft center force as shown in FIG. It has an arc shape with a small diameter.
  • the rotor structure shown in FIG. 13 can be obtained by adding the two-pole / four-pole pairs shown in FIG. 14 through the same process as in Example 1.
  • the magnetic flux corresponding to the 4-pole pair of magnets has a substantially sinusoidal shape, so that unnecessary cogging torque with less harmonic magnetic flux can be reduced.
  • only one of the two magnetic poles can have a sinusoidal shape. Both magnetic poles can have a sinusoidal shape.
  • FIG. 15 and 16 are diagrams relating to the fifth embodiment, and the basic configuration is the same as that of FIG. 5 of the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an electric motor using a rotor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the stator 61 has twelve cores 62 and twelve winding wires 63.
  • the rotor 64A in FIG. 16 is equivalent to the rotor 64 in FIG.
  • the magnets provided in the rotor 64 are two N-pole magnets N61 and N62, and two S-pole magnets S61 and S62.
  • the difference from the second embodiment is that there is a gap between adjacent magnets.
  • the magnet according to the second embodiment is arranged with no gap between adjacent magnets.
  • the magnet according to the second embodiment has an interval of 22.5 degrees between adjacent magnets as shown in FIG.
  • an iron core member such as a laminated steel plate is arranged.
  • FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an electric motor using a rotor according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the stator 71 is composed of 18 cores 72 and 18 windings 73, and the windings 73 are wound around the 18 divided cores 72 in a concentrated manner.
  • Three of the windings are arranged in every 6 pieces, and one set (total 6 sets) is connected in series or in parallel, and one of them is connected to one of the other phases as a neutral point
  • the other is connected to the P side and ⁇ side of the power supply line via a switching element inside an inverter (not shown).
  • this inverter is configured to control six phases.
  • this stator is described with a divided core, it is well known that the same operation can be performed with a core that is not divided.
  • the shoreline is applicable not only to concentrated winding but also to distributed ridges.
  • the rotor 74 has two types of pole pairs: a three-pole pair and a six-pole pair.
  • the force by which the permanent magnet is disposed on the surface of the rotor 74 will be described with reference to some permanent magnets 75a to 75d as an example.
  • Permanent magnets 75a and 75b are magnets that have the same magnetization direction and are magnetized so as to generate magnetic flux as indicated by arrows AR1 and AR2 by urging outwardly the center CTR force of rotor 74.
  • the permanent magnets 75c and 75d are magnets that have the same magnetization direction and are magnetized so as to generate magnetic flux as indicated by arrows AR3 and AR4 from the outside toward the center CTR of the rotor 74.
  • the length of the arrow AR1-4 line mimics the magnitude of the magnetic flux. Therefore, normally, if the magnetization directions of the former and the latter are reversed, magnetic fluxes in the opposite direction are generated in the former and the latter.
  • the permanent magnets 75a and 75c and the permanent magnets 75b and 75d are composed of the same magnet, and the magnetic flux strength of the permanent magnets 75a and 75c is larger.
  • Figure 17 shows the shape of a surface magnet, but the same applies to an embedded magnet-shaped rotor.
  • the permanent magnets 75a and 75c are composed of rare earth magnets having both excellent coercive force and residual magnetic flux density, and the permanent magnets 75b and 75d have either one of coercive force and residual magnetic flux density than the permanent magnets 75a and 75c. Or both are composed of inferior magnets.
  • neodymium magnets can be considered for the permanent magnets 75a and 75b, and neodymium magnets, ferrite magnets, alnico magnets, etc., which are inferior to the permanent magnets 75a and 75b, can be applied to the permanent magnets 75b and 75d. . Therefore, the cost of an expensive neodymium magnet can be reduced as compared with a conventional rotor. Then like this The reason for the magnet arrangement will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
  • FIG. 18 shows a magnet considered in the present invention when a magnet (virtual rotor) having a high magnetic pole number (4 poles) is combined with a magnet region having a low magnetic pole number (2 poles) and an electrical angle of 1 period. It is the figure which represented arrangement
  • Figure 18 (a) shows a virtual rotor with a low number of magnetic poles (two poles) before combination.
  • Figure 18 (b) shows a virtual rotor with a high number of magnetic poles (4 poles) before combination.
  • the number in the permanent magnet indicates the magnitude of the magnetic flux of the magnet, and the figure indicates the polarity of the magnet (that is, the magnetic flux indicates whether the central force also goes to the outside or to the center).
  • the magnetic flux on the 2 pole side is set large, so when combined, the permanent magnets 75a and 75b and the permanent magnets 75c and 75d are arranged next to each other, and the magnetic flux waveform has components on the 2 pole side. The configuration is easily emphasized.
  • FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an electric motor using a rotor according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • the stator 81 is composed of 18 cores 82 and 18 windings 83, and the windings 83 are concentrated around the 18 divided cores 82.
  • the rotor 84 has two types of pole pairs: a 3-pole pair and a 6-pole pair. Permanent magnets are arranged on the surface of the rotor 84, and the configuration will be described with some permanent magnets 85a to 85d as an example.
  • the difference between the seventh embodiment and the sixth embodiment is that in the seventh embodiment, the magnetic flux on the high magnetic pole number side is easily emphasized, and the permanent magnets 85a, 85d, 85b, 85c
  • the adjacent magnetic force arrows AR5, AR8, AR6, and AR7 are configured to alternately switch the direction of magnetic flux.
  • Fig. 20 shows a combination of magnet sets in which the direction of magnetic flux generation alternates for each magnet.
  • Fig. 20 shows a magnet considered in the present invention when a magnet (virtual rotor) having a high magnetic pole number (4 poles) is combined with a magnet region having a low magnetic pole number (2 poles) and an electrical angle of 1 period. It is the figure which represented arrangement
  • the two-pole and four-pole magnet phases used in the combination are one type of force, and various magnets can be obtained using the same concept even when these magnets have an arbitrary phase difference.
  • Arrangement Can be considered.
  • the combination of the number of poles according to force which explains the combination of two and four poles, can be considered similarly.
  • the permanent magnets 75a to 75d and 85a to 85d need not have the same magnet width.
  • Fig. 21 shows a diagram in which only the mechanical angle of 120 degrees of the rotor in Fig. 17 is taken out (example in which the width is changed).
  • the permanent magnets 75a and 75c and the permanent magnets 75b and 75d are the same type of magnet, the permanent magnets 75a and 75c have the maximum magnet width Wa, and the permanent magnets 75b and 75d have the maximum magnet width Wb.
  • the magnetic flux level (strength) of the number of magnetic poles constituting them can be changed. “Width ⁇ Width ⁇ !” Increases the magnetic flux on the 2-pole side, and “width Wa and width Wb” increases the magnetic flux on the 4-pole side.
  • FIG. 22 shows a diagram in which only the mechanical angle of 120 degrees of the rotor of FIG. 17 is taken out (example in which the thickness is changed).
  • the permanent magnets 75a and 75c and the permanent magnets 75b and 75d are the same type of magnet.
  • the maximum magnet thickness of the permanent magnets 75a and 75c is Ta, and the maximum magnet thickness of the permanent magnets 75b and 75d is Tb.
  • Magnets such as Alnico have low holding power, so if the magnet thickness is too thin, it will be easy to demagnetize, and it is necessary to set the magnet thickness according to the respective magnet characteristics.
  • the magnetic flux can be increased by increasing the magnet thickness to some extent, the magnetic flux levels of the 2-pole and 4-pole can be changed.
  • the magnet thickness is increased too much, the magnetic flux density is gradually saturated and the magnetic resistance increases, so that no effect is obtained.
  • a 6-phase inverter is connected to the stator as described above, and it is sufficient to apply current to generate a composite sinusoidal magnetic flux corresponding to the rotor magnetic field of 3 pole pairs and 6 pole pairs. ,.
  • the current command is rotated according to the position of the rotor in the same way as a normal motor.
  • this motor generates a composite magnetic flux corresponding to both pole pairs. Therefore, the inverter is considered to have 6 phases, and the current value at each position obtained by dividing one cycle of the sine wave into 6 is calculated as the command value for each phase.
  • a 6-pole pair a 6-cycle sine wave is generated, so it is obtained as a current command value at a position where one sine wave cycle is divided into 3 parts, and the 6-phase inverter first, fourth, The command values for Phases 2 and 5 and Phases 3 and 6 are used. After this, the command values of the 3 pole pair and 6 pole pair are added together to control the current as the command value of the 6-phase inverter. This As a result, the rotor generates torque and rotates.
  • Torque is generated by the above operation, but torque is the force generated by the interaction of field magnetic flux (magnetic flux generated by the rotor) and current magnetic flux (rotational magnetic flux generated by the stator). It is generated according to wave components (in this example, 3 pole pairs and 6 pole pairs). In Example 1 of this time, torque that is the sum of torques of 3 poles and 6 poles is generated.
  • all the magnets in one rotor use magnets having the same characteristics, but in the present invention, the magnet characteristics are low! Can be generated.
  • the loss generated by the current flowing at that time is smaller than the sum of the absolute value average and the square average of the combined current as described above, and the single average value, the loss is clearly small. From the above, it is possible to obtain the effect of generating a torque equivalent to two motors with one electric motor and having a smaller loss than that of two electric motors.
  • FIGS. 23 to 27 are cross-sectional explanatory views schematically showing the configurations of the rotor and the stator of the electric motor according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 24 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing another example of the magnetization direction in the magnet of FIG.
  • the arrow in a figure has shown the magnetization direction of the magnet, and it is the same also in another figure.
  • the magnet 112 arranged in the flux noria part is magnetized so that the magnetization direction is one direction or more in multiple directions so that the magnetic flux is concentrated in the direction of the magnetic flux increasing part by the sum of the magnetic fluxes. ing.
  • the magnetization direction of the magnet 112 is not a single angle, but a single direction may be formed by a set of multidirectional magnetic fluxes having a plurality of different tilt angles (see arrows in the figure). good.
  • the simple arrangement of the magnet 112 can improve the torque without newly securing a magnet installation space, or can generate an equivalent torque with a small amount of magnetism.
  • the electric motor 10 as the composite magnetic flux motor has a configuration in which a 4-pole rotor and an 8-pole rotor are overlapped.
  • FIG. 25 is an explanatory cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a rotor and a stator of an electric motor having a 4-pole pair of rotors in a 12-slot stator.
  • FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional explanatory view schematically showing a configuration of a rotor and a stator of an electric motor having an 8-pole pair of rotors in a 12-slot stator.
  • FIG. 27 is an explanatory cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a rotor and a stator of an electric motor in which a 4-pole rotor and an 8-pole rotor are superimposed.
  • the electric motor 10 is a low magnetic pole number electric motor having a stator 91 having 12 slots 91a and a rotor 104 in which four pole pairs of magnets 115 are arranged.
  • the electric motor 10 is a high magnetic pole number electric motor having a stator 91 having twelve slots 91a and a rotor 114 in which eight pole pairs of magnets 115 are arranged.
  • the electric motor 10 having a configuration in which the four-pole rotor 104 of the electric motor 10 (see FIG. 25) and the eight-pole rotor 114 of the electric motor 10 (see FIG. 26) are overlapped.
  • the portion where the different poles overlap is regarded as the flux noria portion 120a. This is because the portion where the different polarities overlap in the rotor radial direction is canceled by the opposite magnetization directions.
  • a flux NOROR portion which is a magnetic flux reduction portion by the combined magnetic flux of the rotor 94 is provided.
  • a magnet 11 2 (see 023, 24) composed of magnets 112a and 112b magnetized so that the magnetic flux is concentrated in the direction of the magnetic flux increasing part by the sum of the magnet magnetic flux adjacent to this part Has been.
  • the electric motor 10 that generates the magnetic flux obtained by combining the sine waves generates the magnetic flux corresponding to the different number of magnetic poles on the surface.
  • a rotor 94 having a generating member and a stator 91 to which a current is applied so that a plurality of current magnetic fields corresponding to the number of magnetic poles can be combined and rotated.
  • a stator 91 to which a current is applied so that a plurality of current magnetic fields corresponding to the number of magnetic poles can be combined and rotated.
  • the torque can be improved without newly securing a magnet installation space, or the equivalent torque can be generated with a small magnet amount.
  • the auxiliary magnetic pole is arranged in the region (the magnetic flux blank region necessary for producing the composite magnetic flux) without arranging the magnet in the first place, the space efficiency due to the arrangement of the auxiliary magnetic pole is poor.
  • the combination of the composite magnetic flux rotor and the auxiliary magnetic pole motor must be secured for the auxiliary magnetic pole motor, and a magnet installation space inevitably exists, which is disadvantageous for the auxiliary magnetic pole motor. Since it does not occur, it is more effective.
  • FIG. 28 schematically shows a configuration of a rotor and a stator of an electric motor according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
  • (A) is a cross-sectional explanatory view when the magnet is arranged on the surface
  • (b) is a diagram of the magnet.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram when embedded.
  • the electric motor 10 has a magnetic flux in the direction of the magnetic flux increasing portion due to the sum of the magnetic fluxes in the flux noria portion 120a (see FIG. 27) that is the magnetic flux decreasing portion due to the sum of the magnetic fluxes of the rotor 134.
  • the magnet 127 with one or more installation angles is arranged so that can be concentrated. Other configurations and operations are the same as those of the motor 10.
  • the torque can be improved at low cost without newly securing a magnet installation space, or the equivalent torque can be reduced with a small amount of magnet. Can be generated.
  • FIG. 29 schematically shows the configuration of the rotor and stator of the electric motor according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention. It is shown schematically, (a) is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram when magnets are arranged on the surface, and (b) is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram when magnets are embedded and arranged.
  • the electric motor 10 has a magnetic flux concentrated in the direction of the magnetic flux increasing portion 120a (see FIG. 27), which is the magnetic flux decreasing portion due to the sum of the magnetic fluxes of the rotor 144.
  • Two or more magnets 132 are arranged so that a composite vector can be formed.
  • a plurality of magnets 132a, 132b, 132c that form a composite magnetic flux vector that concentrates the magnetic flux on the magnet can be replaced.
  • FIG. 30 schematically shows a configuration of a rotor and a stator of an electric motor according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention
  • (a) is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram when magnets are arranged on the surface
  • (b) is a magnet FIG.
  • the magnetic flux is concentrated in the direction of the magnetic flux increasing portion due to the sum of the magnetic fluxes in the flux noria portion (see FIG. 27), which is the magnetic flux decreasing portion due to the sum of the magnetic fluxes of the rotor 154.
  • One or more magnets 137 and one or more flux barrier portions 138 are arranged.
  • At least a part of the portion of the rotor 154, which is regarded as a flattened barrier portion, which is a magnetic flux decreasing portion due to the sum of the magnetic fluxes of the rotor, are replaced by magnets 137a and 137b in which magnetic flux is concentrated, and a flux noor part 138 located on the outer peripheral side of both magnets 137a and 137b.
  • the electric motor according to the present invention includes a rotor having a magnetic flux generating member for generating a magnetic flux corresponding to a plurality of different magnetic poles on its surface, and the plurality of magnets. At least one of the stators to which a current can be applied so that a plurality of current magnetic fields corresponding to the number of poles can be rotated and rotated is provided, and the magnetic flux is reduced at the portion where the magnetic flux is reduced by adding the magnetic flux.
  • the magnets are magnetized so that the magnetic flux concentrates on the part where the magnetic flux is increased by adding together!].
  • the magnetic flux of the magnet disposed in at least a part of the portion where the magnetic flux is reduced due to the sum of the magnetic fluxes is concentrated on the portion where the magnetic flux is increased due to the sum of the magnetic flux depending on the installation angle of one or more magnets. ing.
  • the torque can be improved at a low cost without newly securing a magnet installation space, or an equivalent torque can be generated with a small amount of magnet.
  • the magnetic flux of the magnet arranged at least in a portion where the magnetic flux is reduced due to the sum of the magnetic fluxes is concentrated on the portion where the magnetic flux is increased due to the sum of the magnetic fluxes by vector synthesis of two or more magnetic fluxes.
  • the magnetic flux of the magnet disposed in at least a part of the portion where the magnetic flux is reduced due to the sum of the magnetic fluxes is combined with one or more magnets and one or more flux cores ⁇ It concentrates on the part that increased.
  • the rotor magnet is shown as N pole and S pole.-There is an example described. Note that it is similar. Furthermore, the N-pole and S-pole magnets are oriented in the direction of the magnetic field force. Magnets whose magnetization directions are in the radial direction (in the opposite direction) so that they are in the radial direction of the rotor center. (Slave side), S pole is arranged outside (stator side). Further, in some embodiments, the magnet is a force using the magnetizing direction arranged in the radial direction. The arrangement is not limited to this arrangement, and if the magnetic field lines are almost in the radial direction, there is no problem. Even a magnet arrangement.
  • a part of the plurality of magnet magnetic fluxes are generated so as to cancel each other, and the portion where the magnetic flux is canceled is arranged with a small amount of the magnetic flux generating member, or the magnet is deleted. , The amount of expensive permanent magnets used can be reduced.
  • this configuration uses a magnetic flux generating member that generates a plurality of magnet magnetic fluxes corresponding to a plurality of magnet sets each having a different number of magnetic poles. Of course, it is possible to reduce the loss due to the loss compared to the case where the two rotors are rotated independently.
  • the weight of the rotor itself is reduced by reducing the number of magnets at the magnetic flux canceling position, and it is further effective in improving the torque by reducing the inertia of the deleted magnet and reducing the weight of the motor. Even when an electromagnet is used, similar effects such as cost reduction, torque improvement, and motor weight reduction can be obtained.
  • the peak of the winding current is obtained by providing a predetermined phase difference in the magnetic flux of each magnetic pole number component (that is, between each set of magnets generating each magnetic flux). Any one of the value, magnetic flux peak value, and induced voltage peak value can be set to a desired value.
  • the absolute peak value of the winding current flowing through the stator winding of the motor is minimized, which is advantageous in reducing the switching element capacity of the inverter.
  • the average value of the absolute value of the winding current flowing through the stator winding of the motor is minimized, it is possible to reduce the loss of the IGBT or the diode that causes a constant voltage drop. It will be advantageous.
  • the effective value of the winding current flowing through the stator winding of the motor is minimized, which is advantageous in reducing the copper loss generated in the winding.
  • the peak value of the magnetic flux obtained by adding the two magnet magnetic fluxes is minimized, which is advantageous in suppressing the occurrence of magnetic saturation.
  • the motor can be rotated at high speed.
  • the peak value of the induced voltage generated in the stator winding of the motor is maximized, so that the torque of the motor can be increased.
  • the magnetic flux generating member (that is, the magnet constituting the set of the plurality of magnets in the member) corresponds to at least one set of the plurality of magnet sets.
  • the magnetic flux generating member corresponds to at least one set of the plurality of magnet sets.
  • the cogging torque can be reduced.
  • At least one of the plurality of magnet sets constitutes the electric motor.
  • the surface shape facing the stator that is, the cross-sectional shape when cut by a plane perpendicular to the axis of the motor
  • the surface shape facing the stator is separated from the rotor axis for each magnetic pole in the circumferential direction of the rotor.
  • At least one of the plurality of magnetic poles is arranged so that a difference occurs between the d-axis inductance and the q-axis inductance, so that the reluctance torque can be obtained.
  • the torque can be increased without increasing the number of magnetic flux generating members.
  • a rotor that can easily generate composite magnetic flux (it is not a mere gap, and can control passing magnetic flux), and can generate composite magnetic flux at low cost. It becomes possible to do.
  • a magnetic flux waveform can be distorted to generate a plurality of order component magnetic fluxes.
  • the magnetic flux waveform can be distorted to generate a plurality of order component magnetic fluxes, and demagnetization is not caused even when the rotor becomes hot.
  • a rotating electrical machine can be realized.
  • a rotating electrical machine in which the magnetic flux of the order component on the high magnetic pole number side is emphasized can be realized.
  • the eleventh to fourteenth inventions can be realized and magnets having the same volume may be prepared.
  • the content ratio of the fundamental wave and the harmonic component of the magnetic flux can be changed by changing the magnet pitch (the circumferential length of each magnet).
  • the eleventh to fourteenth inventions can be realized and magnets having the same volume may be prepared.
  • the magnetized magnet placed in the portion from which the magnet has been removed concentrates the magnetic flux in the portion where the magnetic flux has been increased by the addition of the magnetic flux of the magnet. The torque can be improved without securing a new value, and further downsizing can be realized.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un rotor (14) d'un moteur pour un véhicule ayant un élément de génération de flux générant par addition une pluralité de flux d'aimants correspondant à une pluralité d'ensembles d'aimants, ayant chacun un nombre différent de pôles, caractérisé par le fait que le flux est généré pour être partiellement décalé entre des flux d'aimants respectifs correspondant à la pluralité d'ensembles (N, S) d'aimants, des aimants à flux faible (N1-N3, S1-S6) sont disposés de telle sorte que la quantité de flux devient plus petite à la position où le flux est décalé qu'à la position où le flux n'est pas décalé, ou un élément de génération de flux à partir duquel l'aimant est retiré est fourni. Un aimant auxiliaire pour renforcer et concentrer une convergence de flux peut être disposé dans un espace à partir duquel l'aimant est retiré.
PCT/JP2007/060498 2006-09-19 2007-05-23 Rotor de moteur WO2008035487A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2006-252688 2006-09-19
JP2006252688A JP2007174885A (ja) 2005-11-24 2006-09-19 同期電動機の回転子
JP2006-253946 2006-09-20
JP2006253946A JP2008079393A (ja) 2006-09-20 2006-09-20 電動機

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008035487A1 true WO2008035487A1 (fr) 2008-03-27

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PCT/JP2007/060498 WO2008035487A1 (fr) 2006-09-19 2007-05-23 Rotor de moteur

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WO (1) WO2008035487A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010259242A (ja) * 2009-04-27 2010-11-11 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 電動機
JP2011036060A (ja) * 2009-08-04 2011-02-17 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 電動機
CN111670529A (zh) * 2018-01-31 2020-09-15 Lg伊诺特有限公司 转子和包括转子的马达
EP3874585A4 (fr) * 2018-10-31 2022-11-30 Optiphase Drive Systems, Inc. Machine électrique comprenant un rotor à aimant permanent
CN119651956A (zh) * 2025-02-11 2025-03-18 华侨大学 一种转子开槽装置及其双边永磁电机

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11225464A (ja) * 1998-02-06 1999-08-17 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 電動機と動力発生装置と電気掃除機と電気扇風機と電動車
JP2000134891A (ja) * 1998-10-28 2000-05-12 Okuma Corp 同期電動機およびその制御装置
JP2004336968A (ja) * 2003-05-12 2004-11-25 Rikogaku Shinkokai ベアリングレスモータならびにその回転子位置制御回路および回転子位置制御方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11225464A (ja) * 1998-02-06 1999-08-17 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 電動機と動力発生装置と電気掃除機と電気扇風機と電動車
JP2000134891A (ja) * 1998-10-28 2000-05-12 Okuma Corp 同期電動機およびその制御装置
JP2004336968A (ja) * 2003-05-12 2004-11-25 Rikogaku Shinkokai ベアリングレスモータならびにその回転子位置制御回路および回転子位置制御方法

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010259242A (ja) * 2009-04-27 2010-11-11 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 電動機
JP2011036060A (ja) * 2009-08-04 2011-02-17 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 電動機
CN111670529A (zh) * 2018-01-31 2020-09-15 Lg伊诺特有限公司 转子和包括转子的马达
EP3748818A4 (fr) * 2018-01-31 2021-03-31 LG Innotek Co., Ltd. Rotor et moteur le comprenant
US11888355B2 (en) 2018-01-31 2024-01-30 Lg Innotek Co., Ltd. Rotor and motor including same
EP3874585A4 (fr) * 2018-10-31 2022-11-30 Optiphase Drive Systems, Inc. Machine électrique comprenant un rotor à aimant permanent
US11646618B2 (en) 2018-10-31 2023-05-09 Optiphase Drive Systems, Inc. Electric machine with permanent magnet rotor
CN119651956A (zh) * 2025-02-11 2025-03-18 华侨大学 一种转子开槽装置及其双边永磁电机

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