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WO2008034743A1 - Injecteur - Google Patents

Injecteur Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2008034743A1
WO2008034743A1 PCT/EP2007/059539 EP2007059539W WO2008034743A1 WO 2008034743 A1 WO2008034743 A1 WO 2008034743A1 EP 2007059539 W EP2007059539 W EP 2007059539W WO 2008034743 A1 WO2008034743 A1 WO 2008034743A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piston
medication
needle
release mechanism
patient
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2007/059539
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Henry Kirby
Bruce Roser
Original Assignee
Cambridge Biostability Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cambridge Biostability Limited filed Critical Cambridge Biostability Limited
Priority to EP07803404A priority Critical patent/EP2200685A1/fr
Publication of WO2008034743A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008034743A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/3243—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel
    • A61M5/326—Fully automatic sleeve extension, i.e. in which triggering of the sleeve does not require a deliberate action by the user
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/322—Retractable needles, i.e. disconnected from and withdrawn into the syringe barrel by the piston
    • A61M5/3234—Fully automatic needle retraction, i.e. in which triggering of the needle does not require a deliberate action by the user
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/3243—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel
    • A61M5/326—Fully automatic sleeve extension, i.e. in which triggering of the sleeve does not require a deliberate action by the user
    • A61M2005/3267—Biased sleeves where the needle is uncovered by insertion of the needle into a patient's body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/24—Ampoule syringes, i.e. syringes with needle for use in combination with replaceable ampoules or carpules, e.g. automatic
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3202—Devices for protection of the needle before use, e.g. caps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3287—Accessories for bringing the needle into the body; Automatic needle insertion
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/42—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests having means for desensitising skin, for protruding skin to facilitate piercing, or for locating point where body is to be pierced
    • A61M5/427—Locating point where body is to be pierced, e.g. vein location means using ultrasonic waves, injection site templates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/50—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests having means for preventing re-use, or for indicating if defective, used, tampered with or unsterile
    • A61M5/5066—Means for preventing re-use by disconnection of piston and piston-rod

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an injector device and more particularly, but not exclusively, to an injector for the administration of medicinal, therapeutic or diagnostic substances.
  • the ubiquitous traditional syringe suffers from two significant problems. The first is that once used, the syringe's exposed needle poses a hazard until destroyed; and secondly, to ensure that the dose is administered correctly and to minimise discomfort to the patient, those who administer vaccines and other medicaments by syringe, require training in their correct use.
  • the later problem is particularly significant in the organisation of an emergency response to incidents such as a viral outbreak (e.g. a variant of Avian Influenza) or a biological attack. In such cases, it is likely that the response would involve, inter alia, the need for mass vaccination of the proximate population to the outbreak within a very short time frame, such as a few days. It is thought that such a vaccination program would be impeded potentially to the point futility by the inability to find a sufficient number of skilled persons to deliver the number of vaccinations needed within the required time frame.
  • the Inventors have endeavoured to overcome the above problems by looking towards an alternative method to control the action of an injector which is not reliant on force to snap a tab.
  • the invention provides an injector comprising: a container for containing a medication; a piston arranged to move in the container to expel the medication; a needle for delivering the expelled medication into a patient; an operating means designed to push the needle into the patient and operate the piston; a spring-action means for withdrawing the needle from the patient after use; and a release mechanism for operating the spring-action means; characterised in that the release mechanism is caused to be released by a final movement of the piston, and/or operating mechanism, during expulsion of a final portion of medication.
  • the injector's release mechanism includes a catch or groove mechanism, in fact this feature is itself thought to be novel in a injector and thus there is provided an injector comprising: a container for containing a medication; a piston arranged to move in the container to expel the medication; a needle for delivering the expelled medication into a patient; an operating means designed to push the needle into the patient and operate the piston; a spring-action means for withdrawing the needle from the patient after use; and a release mechanism for operating the spring-action means; characterised in that the release mechanism is a ramp or catch mechanism caused to be released by a movement of the piston, and/or operating mechanism.
  • the release mechanism includes a resiliently deformable member arranged so that the final movement of the piston causes deformation of the resiliently deformable member. This in turn causes release of the release mechanism and that this deformation is preferable caused by abutment of the deformable member against the container for containing the medication.
  • the deformable member has at least two flexible limbs which are arranged so as to radially deform towards one another and so to release the mechanism. It is further preferable that the member is arranged so that until the release mechanism is released, the member acts to transmit the force or movement from the operating means to the piston.
  • the resiliently deformable member and the piston are formed as a single integrated component.
  • Figures 1 and 1A are cross sectional views through perpendicular planes of an injector device according to the invention illustrated in its pre-injection configuration;
  • Figures 2 and 2A are cross sectional views of the injector of figure 1 shown at a first stage of the operation at which point the needle has been deployed but before the medicament has been dispensed.
  • Figures 3 and 3A are cross sectional views of the injector in which the medicine has been partially dispensed.
  • Figures 4 and 4A are cross sectional views of the injector as the needle recoil mechanism is being released
  • Figures 5 and 5A are cross sectional views of the injector after the needle recoil mechanism has been released.
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of an actuator and plunger formed as a single component.
  • an injector having an open ended tubular main body 1 with a collet (conical flange) 1 A on the inside surface of its base and an orifice defined in the base of the main body 1 at the centre of the collet 1A.
  • a downwardly facing lip 1 B located approximately half way up the main body 1 and parallel beading 1C and 1 D substantially near the top of the main body 1.
  • the outer surface of the base supports an adhesive layer 1C protected by a release sheet (not shown).
  • a syringe Housed within the main body 1 is a syringe formed from a barrel 3, defining a flange 3A, a hypodermic needle 4 and a plunger 5 with a seal 6, arranged to move within the barrel 3 and administer the substance held within it.
  • the barrel 3 Housed within the main body 1 is a syringe formed from a barrel 3, defining a flange 3A, a hypodermic needle 4 and a plunger 5 with a seal 6, arranged to move within the barrel 3 and administer the substance held within it.
  • the plunger's 5 outer surface defines a peripheral beading 5A, the plunger being arranged so that in the pre-dispensing position the beading 5A abuts on top of lip 3B.
  • An upper portion of the plunger 5 is bisected by a longitudinal groove into which is an actuator 7 is supported.
  • the actuator 7, formed from a single piece, defines two resiliently flexible limbs which extend upwards and each terminates with an enlarged head defining an upwardly facing lip 7B on the outer edge.
  • the actuator 7A formed from a single piece
  • Both lips 7A & 7B stand proud of the outer surface of plunger 5, The tip of the needle 4 is secured into a needle seal 8.
  • a coil spring 8 sits around the collet 1 A and needle 4 and between the base of the main body 1 and the flange 3A. The spring 8 biases the syringe so that the lips 7B of the actuator 7 abut a corresponding lip 2B of the cap 2.
  • the release sheet is removed and the base of the main body 1 placed onto a patient's skin.
  • the adhesive 1C helps to secure the injector so as to prevent the possibility of movement of the base across the skin during administration.
  • the substance is administered by exerting pressure onto the top of the cap which forces the bead 2A to pass over beading 1C and 1 D.
  • the downward movement of the cap 2 is transmitted through to the plunger 5 via the actuator 7. This is in turn transmits the movement via the abutment between lips 5A and 3B to the barrel 3 and needle 4 causing the needle 4 to pierce through the base of the needle seal 8, through the orifice in the base of main body 1 and into the patient's skin.
  • the barrel 3 continues to move downwardly until it abuts the top of the collet 1A. Further pressure on the cap 2 causes lip 5A associated with the plunger to pass over bead 3B allowing the plunger to move downwards through the barrel causing the medicament to be pushed through the needle 4 and into the patient. As the plunger 5 draws to the end of its stroke, as seen in Figure 3, the graduated lip 7A is forced against the inside wall of the barrel 3 causing the limbs of the actuator 7 to close together. Continued movement of the plunger 5 downwards continues to close of the limbs until, at the point shown in Figure 4, the lips 7B completely disengage with the step 2B. The compressed spring 8 recoils causing the barrel 3, needle 4, plunger 5 and actuator 7 to be propelled upwards.
  • the cap 2 is prevented from similar movement upwards by the engagement of the lip 2A which having passed over the ramped portion of lip 1 B during the down stroke of the piston 5, abuts against is stepped face. Consequently, the actuator 7 and portion of the barrel 3 homes inside the cap 2 as can be seen in Figure 5.
  • all parts except the coil spring 9 and needle 4 are made from various types of synthetic plastics materials.
  • the beading IC, ID and 2A be of such a size and design that the force required to release the bead 2A from its home position between beading 1 C and 1 D is large enough that, once released, the subsequent momentum is sufficient to cause all the above described movements without additional force being required. Or expressed in another way, it is difficult for the person administering the substance to stop the operation before the needle recoil has been released. It is important that the beading 5A creates enough resistance in combination with fluid resistance that the plunger 5 does not move within the barrel 3 until the barrel 3 engages the collet IA. This ensures that all the substance contained within the barrel 3 is administered upon the needle 4 reaching the correct depth.
  • the above described embodiment is but example which falls within the scope of the invention.
  • F or example rather than the actuator having a ramped lip 7A the whole of the outside edge of the limp may be ramped thus causing a more gradual and perhaps smoother action.
  • the limbs may not be resiliently deformable and be separate from the actuator having movement restricted by a ratchet or other mechanism.
  • the actuator may take other forms other than the " wishbone' shape illustrated, such as a resiliently deformable clip or collar.
  • the clip or collar may be located so as to circumvent the syringe can could be deformed by contact with a protrusion on the inside of the main body so as to release the clip.
  • the actuator 7 and the plunger 5 are replaced with a single integrated piece 8, illustrated in Fig 6, which defines a single flexible arm.
  • Fig 6 This simplified design in creases the reliability of the device by reducing the possibility of jamming caused if the cap 2 depresses in a skewed fashion causing the arms to be released at separate times. It otherwise operates in a similar manner as to the separate actuator and piston as described

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

Injecteur comprenant un récipient (3) renfermant un médicament, un piston conçu pour se déplacer dans le conteneur et expulser le médicament, une aiguille (4) permettant d'injecter le produit dans le corps du patient, un actionneur conçu pour planter l'aiguille (5) dans le patient et fonctionner le piston, un moyen d'action unique sous charge de ressort (9) et un mécanisme de libération agissant sur le moyen sous charge de ressort. Ce mécanisme de libération est automatiquement déclenché par le mouvement final du piston et/ou par le moyen d'actionnement au cours de l'expulsion du médicament, ce qui déclenche le rappel de l'aiguille (4) hors du corps du patient après injection du médicament.
PCT/EP2007/059539 2006-09-19 2007-09-11 Injecteur WO2008034743A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07803404A EP2200685A1 (fr) 2006-09-19 2007-09-11 Injecteur

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0618294.3 2006-09-19
GBGB0618294.3A GB0618294D0 (en) 2006-09-19 2006-09-19 An injector
GB0621559.4 2006-10-31
GB0621559A GB2441972A (en) 2006-09-19 2006-10-31 Automatic Needle Withdrawal from Patient

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008034743A1 true WO2008034743A1 (fr) 2008-03-27

Family

ID=39099644

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2007/059539 WO2008034743A1 (fr) 2006-09-19 2007-09-11 Injecteur

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2200685A1 (fr)
GB (2) GB0618294D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008034743A1 (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2934165A1 (fr) * 2008-07-28 2010-01-29 Marc Brunel Dispositif securise d'injection a usage unique
CN102188762A (zh) * 2011-03-14 2011-09-21 张亚根 一次性使用安全注射泵
WO2015048803A3 (fr) * 2013-09-30 2015-08-20 Medimop Medical Projects Ltd. Stylo injecteur stabilisé
US9393369B2 (en) 2008-09-15 2016-07-19 Medimop Medical Projects Ltd. Stabilized pen injector
US20160228652A1 (en) * 2013-09-30 2016-08-11 Medimop Medical Projects Ltd. Needle retraction mechanism for autoinjector
US9427529B2 (en) 2008-09-15 2016-08-30 Medimop Medical Projects Ltd. Safeguard mechanism for autoinjector needle
US9526846B2 (en) 2009-08-19 2016-12-27 Safety Syringes, Inc. Patient-contact activated needle stick safety device
US11819666B2 (en) 2017-05-30 2023-11-21 West Pharma. Services IL, Ltd. Modular drive train for wearable injector
US12097357B2 (en) 2008-09-15 2024-09-24 West Pharma. Services IL, Ltd. Stabilized pen injector

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6258068B1 (en) * 1998-05-15 2001-07-10 Disetronic Licensing Ag Device for administering an injectable product
WO2003047663A2 (fr) * 2001-11-30 2003-06-12 Elan Pharma International Limited Injecteur automatique
WO2004054644A1 (fr) * 2002-12-17 2004-07-01 Safe-T Limited Applicateurs d'aiguille creuse
WO2006111859A1 (fr) * 2005-04-20 2006-10-26 Becton Dickinson France Ensemble d'injection et dispositif d'assistance d'injection

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH393640A (de) * 1960-06-10 1965-06-15 Int Treuhand Ag Spritzampulle
GB9111600D0 (en) * 1991-05-30 1991-07-24 Owen Mumford Ltd Improvements relating to injection devices
FR2715071B1 (fr) * 1994-01-17 1996-03-01 Aguettant Lab Injecteur automatique de médicament.

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6258068B1 (en) * 1998-05-15 2001-07-10 Disetronic Licensing Ag Device for administering an injectable product
WO2003047663A2 (fr) * 2001-11-30 2003-06-12 Elan Pharma International Limited Injecteur automatique
WO2004054644A1 (fr) * 2002-12-17 2004-07-01 Safe-T Limited Applicateurs d'aiguille creuse
WO2006111859A1 (fr) * 2005-04-20 2006-10-26 Becton Dickinson France Ensemble d'injection et dispositif d'assistance d'injection

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010012876A3 (fr) * 2008-07-28 2010-04-08 Marc Brunel Dispositif sécurisé d'injection à usage unique
FR2934165A1 (fr) * 2008-07-28 2010-01-29 Marc Brunel Dispositif securise d'injection a usage unique
US11167086B2 (en) 2008-09-15 2021-11-09 West Pharma. Services IL, Ltd. Stabilized pen injector
US12097357B2 (en) 2008-09-15 2024-09-24 West Pharma. Services IL, Ltd. Stabilized pen injector
US9393369B2 (en) 2008-09-15 2016-07-19 Medimop Medical Projects Ltd. Stabilized pen injector
US9427529B2 (en) 2008-09-15 2016-08-30 Medimop Medical Projects Ltd. Safeguard mechanism for autoinjector needle
US10010675B2 (en) 2008-09-15 2018-07-03 West Pharma. Services IL, Ltd. Stabilized pen injector
US11400234B2 (en) 2009-08-19 2022-08-02 Safety Syringes, Inc. Patient-contact activated needle stick safety device
US9526846B2 (en) 2009-08-19 2016-12-27 Safety Syringes, Inc. Patient-contact activated needle stick safety device
US10314985B2 (en) 2009-08-19 2019-06-11 Safety Syringes, Inc. Patient-contact activated needle stick safety device
CN102188762A (zh) * 2011-03-14 2011-09-21 张亚根 一次性使用安全注射泵
WO2015048803A3 (fr) * 2013-09-30 2015-08-20 Medimop Medical Projects Ltd. Stylo injecteur stabilisé
US20160228652A1 (en) * 2013-09-30 2016-08-11 Medimop Medical Projects Ltd. Needle retraction mechanism for autoinjector
CN105682718A (zh) * 2013-09-30 2016-06-15 麦迪麦珀医疗工程有限公司 稳定的笔式注射器
US11819666B2 (en) 2017-05-30 2023-11-21 West Pharma. Services IL, Ltd. Modular drive train for wearable injector

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0621559D0 (en) 2006-12-06
GB2441972A (en) 2008-03-26
GB0618294D0 (en) 2006-10-25
EP2200685A1 (fr) 2010-06-30

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