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WO2008011817A1 - Appareil et système de déshydratation de pétrole brut - Google Patents

Appareil et système de déshydratation de pétrole brut Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008011817A1
WO2008011817A1 PCT/CN2007/070182 CN2007070182W WO2008011817A1 WO 2008011817 A1 WO2008011817 A1 WO 2008011817A1 CN 2007070182 W CN2007070182 W CN 2007070182W WO 2008011817 A1 WO2008011817 A1 WO 2008011817A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
crude oil
electric field
oil
electrode
action portion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2007/070182
Other languages
English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Qiming Wang
Qifang Zhou
Original Assignee
Weihai Haiher Technology Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Weihai Haiher Technology Co., Ltd. filed Critical Weihai Haiher Technology Co., Ltd.
Priority to CN200780002213.6A priority Critical patent/CN101370911B/zh
Publication of WO2008011817A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008011817A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/06—Separation of liquids from each other by electricity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C11/00—Separation by high-voltage electrical fields, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/45—Collecting-electrodes
    • B03C3/49—Collecting-electrodes tubular
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G33/00—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils
    • C10G33/02—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils with electrical or magnetic means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/02—Electrostatic separation of liquids from liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/04—Ionising electrode being a wire
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1033—Oil well production fluids

Definitions

  • an electric dehydrator As an improvement, a method of accelerating the speed of breaking using a high-voltage electric field has come into being, and a device for realizing this function is generally called an electric dehydrator. It consists of a tank body in which high-voltage electrodes are arranged in a certain manner, and adjacent high-voltage electrodes are connected to different electrodes of the high-voltage power source outside the tank body, thereby forming a high-voltage electric field between them, and the tank body is further provided with Feed port, feed distributor, settling zone, drain at the lower part of the tank, and oil outlet at the upper part of the tank.
  • the structure is characterized by relatively stable work and instant separation of oil and water.
  • the disadvantages are large volume, complicated structure, high cost, difficult installation, and slow movement of liquid in the tank. It also affects the chance that fine water droplets collide with each other to form large particles after electric field, which affects the efficiency and effect of dehydration and desalting.
  • Patent CN2296230 (ultrasonic demulsifier for oil field dehydration), CN2539559 (crude oil-electric field combined desalination device) discloses a combination of two electric fields and ultrasonic waves for dehydration and desalination.
  • Their common technical route is to provide an electric dehydrator, such as the electric dehydrator described in the patents CN2159833, US4209374, etc.
  • an ultrasonic device is arranged in front of the electric dehydrator, and the crude oil emulsion to be treated enters through the conveying pipe first.
  • the ultrasonic acting device described in the patent CN2296230, or CN2539559 passes through the ultrasonic wave and then enters the electric dehydrator through the conveying pipe.
  • the electric dehydrator Inside the electric dehydrator, under the action of the electric field, the oil-water separation speed is accelerated, and the separated sewage sinks into the bottom of the electric dehydrator and is discharged through the drain port.
  • the separated crude oil is oiled through the upper part of the electric dehydrator.
  • the port is discharged.
  • the electric dehydrator has two functions of performing electric field action on the crude oil to be treated and sedimentation separation of the treated crude oil.
  • the physical demulsification achieved by this technical route is improved compared with the simple electric field dehydration represented by patents CN2159833 and US4209374, but there are several unfavorable defects in industrial production, which affect the physical demulsification technology.
  • the effects and promotion of these issues are:
  • the whole technical solution is subject to bulky electric decanting (ie, electric dehydrator), which restricts the physical dehydration system to be flexibly installed and modified according to the requirements of the production process, which is not conducive to the promotion of physical demulsification technology.
  • electric dehydrator ie, electric dehydrator
  • the liquid forms a layer due to sedimentation, and the electrical characteristics of the liquids between the electrodes of different groups are different, so that the voltage applied to the electrodes is not easy to achieve the desired shape. State, seriously affecting the effect of the electric field. Summary of the invention
  • a crude oil electric field action portion for mounting on an oil pipeline, including:
  • a cavity having an oil inlet end for mating with an upstream oil pipeline for inputting crude oil from the upstream, and an oil discharge end for outputting the crude oil flowing downstream;
  • An electric field action zone disposed between the oil inlet end and the oil discharge end, for acting on an oil flowing through the electric field
  • a power input terminal disposed on the cavity, for inputting a voltage for generating an electric field for the electric field acting portion
  • the cavity of the electric field acting portion is comparable in dimension to the cross section perpendicular to the flow direction of the crude oil and the dimension of the oil pipe to which it is coupled in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the crude oil.
  • a crude oil dehydration unit comprising: a water-oil separation device; at least one crude oil physical action portion disposed upstream of the oil-water separation device and coupled to the oil-water separation device
  • the crude oil physical action portion includes at least one of the above-mentioned crude oil electric field action portion and the ultrasonic action portion, wherein the cavity of the physical action portion is coupled to the dimension of the cross section perpendicular to the flow direction of the crude oil
  • the dimensions of the oil pipeline in a section perpendicular to the direction of flow of the crude oil are comparable.
  • a crude oil dewatering system comprising at least one of the above-described crude oil dewatering units.
  • the physical action portion for example, the electric field action portion is coupled between the transfer pipes
  • the electric decanting existing in the existing process flow of the petrochemical industry can be utilized as the oil-water separation device, or the electrode-free structure can also be utilized.
  • Various large-scale conventional settling tanks are used as oil-water separation devices to make full use of existing resources and reduce the size and complexity of the system.
  • the separation function can be separated from the physical function, such as the electric field function.
  • the dehydration device is simpler and more compact in structure, which provides great convenience for the installation of the electric field and sound field combined device. It is easy to change from single point installation to multi-point installation in the process flow, which is very beneficial to strengthen physical demulsification and dehydration. The effect and promotion of the technology.
  • the diameter of the pipeline is much smaller than the conventional electric power.
  • the diameter of the dehydrator is about an order of magnitude smaller, so that the diameter of the physical part of the crude oil is also reduced. This greatly reduces the amount of work required for the project, and also significantly reduces the number of electrodes for the electric field.
  • the distance between adjacent electrodes reduces the need for a high voltage power supply, thereby allowing for a smaller voltage than conventional electric water separators. More importantly, the liquid flowing between the electrodes of the electric field is dynamic and uniform emulsion without sedimentation.
  • the electrical characteristics are the same between all the electrodes, and it is easy to control the voltage applied between the electrodes. It guarantees stable operation; unlike the liquid in the traditional electric dehydrator, the stratification has been achieved after sedimentation.
  • the electrical characteristics of the liquids between the electrodes are different and often change, and the voltage applied between the electrodes is difficult to control and unstable. It is easy to "smash the electric field" and reduce the efficiency of dehydration and desalination.
  • the oil discharge end of the device can be matched with the settling tank through the oil pipeline, the chance of collision of fine water particles is increased, thereby increasing the chance of rapidly condensing fine water particles into large particles that are easy to settle, and greatly improving The effect and efficiency of dehydration and desalination of crude oil.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing an action portion of a crude oil electric field according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing an action portion of a crude oil electric field according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an electrode used.
  • FIGS. 4 to 7 are schematic views respectively showing an electrode structure according to various embodiments of the present invention.
  • Figures 8 - 1 2 respectively show schematic views of a crude oil dewatering unit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 3 and Fig. 14 show a piezoelectric ceramic as a generating device for ultrasonic waves.
  • Fig. 15 and Fig. 16 show a generating device for transmitting ultrasonic waves in a magnetostrictive manner.
  • Figure 17 illustrates a crude oil dewatering system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • a crude oil electric field action portion 300 is provided.
  • the inner surface of the tubular cavity of the metal tube is fixed to the electrode 303 via the support 302, the electrode 303 is composed of the electrode 3031 and the electrode 3032, the electrode 3032 is a tubular structure, and the electrode 3031 is located in the tubular electrode 3032.
  • the electrode 3031 has a rod-like structure, and the axis of the electrode 3031 and the electrode 3032 and the axis of the electric field acting cavity 301 are parallel to each other, and the axis of the electrode 3031 coincides with the axis of the electrode 3032 and the electric field acting cavity 301, and one end of the electric field acting cavity 301 is subjected to the method.
  • the flange 304 is fixed to one end of the tubular connecting member 305, and the cable wall is formed on the wall of the connecting member 305.
  • the electrode 3031 and the electrode 3032 are respectively taken out from the cable hole through two cables 307, and the cable hole is sealed by the cable introducing plug 306. Blocked, the other end of the two cables 307 is connected to the two output ends of the high voltage power supply 200, and the cable 307 connected to the electrode 3031 is simultaneously electrically connected to the wall of the electric field acting cavity 301, and the other end of the connecting member 305 is flanged. It is fixed with the flange at the end of the oil pipeline.
  • the present invention can also be used without the connector 305, and the cable 307 is directly drawn from the electric field acting cavity 301.
  • the other end of the electric field acting chamber 301 is connected to the conveying pipe 100 via a flange, and the other end of the conveying pipe 100 is connected to the oil-water separating device, for example, the oil inlet end of the settling tank 400.
  • the electrodes 303 in the electric field acting cavity 301 are two groups, one group consisting of the electrode 3032 and the electrode 3031, and the other group consisting of the electrode 3032 and the wall of the electric field acting cavity 301, and the high voltage power source 200 is applied to the electrode 303.
  • the signal is a high voltage AC or DC signal.
  • the electrical signal applied to the electrode 303 by the high voltage power source 200 may also be a high voltage pulse signal.
  • the crude oil of the present invention flows through the oil pipeline 1 through the electric field acting chamber 301, and a high voltage electric field is formed between the electrode 3032 and the electrode 3031 and the wall of the electric field acting chamber 301 under the action of the high voltage power source 200, thereby forming an electric field.
  • the presence of the conveying pipe 100 at the rear end of the electric field acting cavity 301 increases the collision chance of fine water particles, which is more conducive to the formation of fine water particles.
  • the larger water particles, the water-treated crude oil treated by the electric field flows into the settling tank 400, and after natural sedimentation after entering the settling tank 400, the water settles to the bottom of the settling tank 400, and is discharged through the drain pipe 402 at the bottom of the tank body, after dehydration and desalination.
  • the crude oil flows out through the oil drain pipe 401 at the top of the tank.
  • the inner diameter of the tubular body of the metal pipe can be set as needed.
  • the diameter of the oil pipe is 30 cm, and the diameter of the inner cavity of the cylindrical cavity of the metal tube is 50 cm; In the embodiment, the diameter of the inner cavity of the cylindrical tubular electric field acting cavity 301 may also be 30 cm. In one embodiment, the diameter of the conduit is 6 cm and the diameter of the inner cavity of the electric field acting cavity 301 is 6 cm.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the inner surface of the cylindrical tubular electric field acting chamber 301 is fixed with an electrode 303 via a support 302, the electrode 303 is composed of an electrode 3031 and an electrode 3032, and the electrode 3032 is a tube.
  • the cylindrical structure, the electrode 3031 is located in the tubular electrode 3032, the electrode 3031 is a rod-like structure, the axis of the electrode 3031 and the electrode 3032 and the axis of the electric field acting cavity 301 are parallel to each other, and the axis of the electrode 3031 and the electrode 3032 and the electric field acting cavity The axis of the 301 is coincident.
  • One end of the electric field acting cavity 301 is fixed to one end of the tubular connecting member 305 via the flange 304.
  • the cable wall is formed on the pipe wall of the connecting member 305, and the electrode 3031 and the electrode 3032 respectively pass through two cables 307.
  • the cable hole is taken out from the cable hole, the cable hole is blocked by the cable introduction plug 306, the other end of the two cables 307 is connected to the two output ends of the high voltage power supply 200, and the cable 307 connected to the electrode 3031 is simultaneously connected with the electric field.
  • the pipe wall of the action chamber 301 is electrically connected, and the other end of the connecting member 305 is fixed to the flange of the oil pipe at the end of the oil pipe by a flange.
  • the present invention can also be used without the connector 305, and the cable 307 is directly drawn from the electric field acting cavity 301.
  • the other end of the electric field acting cavity 301 is connected to the oil inlet end of the settling tank 400.
  • the electrodes 303 in the electric field acting cavity 301 are two groups, one group consisting of the electrode 3032 and the electrode 3031, and the other group consisting of the electrode 3032 and the wall of the electric field acting cavity 301, and the electric signal applied by the high voltage power source 200 to the electrode 303. It is a high voltage AC signal above the intermediate frequency, and the electrical signal applied to the electrode 303 by the high voltage power supply 200 may also be a high voltage pulse signal.
  • the crude oil of the present invention flows through the oil pipeline 1 through the electric field acting chamber 301, and a high voltage electric field is formed between the electrode 3032 and the electrode 3031 and the wall of the electric field acting chamber 301 under the action of the high voltage power source 200, thereby forming an electric field.
  • the oil-water mixture is subjected to the electric field, and the fine water particles in the double action of the electric field and the liquid itself flow. Underneath, it is easy to collide with each other, condense into larger particles that are more easily separated from the oil, and is more conducive to the formation of larger water particles by the fine water particles.
  • the water-treated crude oil after the electric field treatment flows into the oil-water separation device, such as the settling tank 400, After entering the settling tank 400, it is naturally settled, and the water settles to the bottom of the settling tank 400, and is discharged through the drain pipe 402 at the bottom of the tank body, and the dehydrated and desalted crude oil flows out through the oil drain pipe 401 at the top of the tank body.
  • the diameter of the pipe is 25 cm, and the diameter of the inner cavity of the cylindrical cavity of the metal tube is preferably 20 cm.
  • Embodiment 3 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 3
  • the electrode 3031 has a rod-like structure, the electrode 3031 is fixed in the inner cavity of the electric field acting cavity 301 via the support body 302, the electrode 3031 is located on the axis of the electric field acting cavity 301, and the two cables 307 are respectively connected to the electrode 3031 and the electric field.
  • the wall of the working chamber 301, the other structure of the embodiment and the connection manner thereof are the same as those of the first embodiment or the second embodiment.
  • Embodiment 4 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 4:
  • the tubular electrode 3032a is located in the inner cavity of the electric field acting cavity 301, the electrode 3032a is provided with a tubular electrode 3032b, the electrode 3032b is provided with a rod electrode 3031, the electrode 3031 and the electrode 3032b, and the electrode 3032a is fixed by the support 302.
  • Electric field In the inner cavity of the cavity 301, the axis of the electrode 3031 coincides with the axis of the electrode 3032b, the electrode 3032a and the electric field acting cavity 301, the electrode 3031 and the electrode 3032a are connected by a cable, and the electrode 3032b and the wall of the electric field acting cavity 301 pass through.
  • the other cables are connected together, and the other structures of the embodiment and the connection manner thereof are the same as those of the first embodiment or the second embodiment.
  • Embodiment 5 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 5:
  • the axes of the electrodes 3031, the electrodes 3032, the electrodes 3032a, and the electrodes 3032b may not coincide with the axis of the electric field acting cavity 301, and other structures and their connections are the same as those of the first embodiment or the second embodiment.
  • the cross section of the electric field acting cavity 301 is rectangular, the electrode 3033 is a flat plate structure, the electrode 3033 is fixed in the inner cavity of the electric field acting cavity 301 via the supporting body 302, and the electrode 3033 and the electric field acting cavity 301
  • the opposite walls of the two chambers are parallel, and the wall of the electrode 3033 and the electric field acting chamber 301 are electrically connected to the two output ends of the high voltage power supply 200 via a cable 307, and other structures of the embodiment and the connection manner thereof and the embodiment One or the second embodiment is the same.
  • the electric field acting cavity 301 has a rectangular cross section, and the electrode 3034, the electrode 3035, and the electrode 3036 have a flat structure, and the electrode 3034, the electrode 3035, and the electrode 3036 are parallel to each other, and interact with the electric field cavity 301.
  • the two opposing walls are parallel, and the electrode 3034 and the electrode 3036 are connected via a cable 307 to an output end of the high voltage power supply 200.
  • the electrode 3035 and the wall of the electric field acting cavity 301 pass through another cable 307 and a high voltage power supply. The other output is electrically connected.
  • the number of groups of the electrodes 303 of the present invention can be increased or decreased according to the size of the tube diameter of the electric field acting chamber 301, and the larger the tube diameter, the larger the number of groups of the electrodes 303, and vice versa.
  • a plurality of sets of electric field acting cavities 301 on which the electrodes 303 are mounted may be connected in series between the settling tank 400 and the oil feed pipe 100.
  • Embodiment 6 The electrode 3033, the electrode 3034, the electrode 3035 and the electrode in the seventh embodiment 3036 can also have an angle with the axis of the electric field acting cavity 301.
  • the electrode may also be a stencil-like structure, and the two stencil electrodes are fixed in the inner cavity of the electric field working chamber via the support body, the stencil electrode is perpendicular to the axis of the electric field acting cavity, and the adjacent two stencil electrodes respectively pass the cable Connected to the two output ends of the high-voltage power supply, the two grid-shaped electrodes form an electric field in the same direction as the flow of the crude oil in the cavity of the electric field.
  • the electric field treated crude oil flows into the settling tank, the water and salt are settled. It settles to the bottom of the settling tank and is discharged through the drain pipe at the bottom of the tank. The dehydrated and desalted crude oil flows out through the drain pipe at the top of the tank.
  • a crude oil dewatering unit comprising a water-oil separation device, such as a settling tank or a settling zone, in front of the settling tank (zone), comprising at least a crude oil physical action portion, the physical action comprising an electric field action portion for applying an electric field to the crude oil to be treated and
  • the sound wave action portion for applying the sound wave (ultrasonic wave) to the crude oil to be treated, the electric field action portion and the sound wave action portion may be connected by pipeline or other means; the crude oil to be treated enters the electric field action portion and the ultrasonic wave through the transport pipe After passing through the electric field and ultrasonic waves, it is sent to the subsequent settling tank through the conveying pipeline for sedimentation separation.
  • the separated purified oil overflows from the oil spill port located in the upper part of the settling tank, and the separated water is drained from below the settling tank.
  • the mouth is discharged.
  • the crude oil may also enter the ultrasonic action portion through the transfer pipe and then enter the electric field action portion.
  • Figure 8 shows a crude oil dehydration unit, that is, an electric field-ultrasonic combined dehydration dehydration desalination apparatus for implementing the emulsion of the above technical solution, wherein an oil-water separation device, such as a settling tank 400, is provided in front of the settling tank 400
  • An electric field acting portion 300 that applies an electric field to the crude oil to be treated and an ultrasonic acting portion 500 that applies ultrasonic waves to the crude oil to be treated are connected to the crude oil conveying pipe 100, and the electric field acting portion 300 and the ultrasonic acting portion 500 are connected by a pipe.
  • the crude oil emulsion to be treated sequentially enters the electric field acting portion 300 through the conveying pipe 100, and the ultrasonic acting portion 500 is respectively sent to the settling tank 400 through the conveying pipe 100 through the action of the electric field and the ultrasonic wave to perform sedimentation and oil-water separation.
  • Electricity The field action portion 300 and the ultrasonic action portion 500 are substantially free from the sedimentation and separation functions of the oil and water.
  • the structure of the electric field action portion can be as shown in the first embodiment to the ninth embodiment; the structure of the ultrasonic action portion can be used as the patents CN2296230 and CN2539559. And the scheme shown in ZL200520085698.
  • the electric field acting portion 300 and the ultrasonic acting portion 500 in the crude oil dehydration unit may not be connected through the pipe 100, but in the front and rear regions in a large action portion, as shown in FIG.
  • the order in which the crude oil to be processed enters the process can be adjusted, that is, first enters the ultrasonic action portion 500, then enters the electric field action portion 300, and finally enters the settling separation tank. As shown in Figure 10, 1 1 respectively.
  • Embodiment 14 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 14:
  • a physical action portion in which the crude oil emulsion to be treated is filled, the high-voltage electric field generated by the high-voltage electric field generating device and the mechanical wave generated by the ultrasonic generating device are in physical action.
  • the superposition in the part is sufficient to generate an electric field-superimposed field of the sound field.
  • the propagation direction of the ultrasonic wave can be parallel or at an angle to the electric field direction.
  • the crude oil emulsion in the physical action part is acted upon by the superposition field of the electric field-sound field.
  • the conveying pipe is sent to the lower stage settling tank for sedimentation separation.
  • Figure 12 shows a crude oil dewatering unit, that is, an electric field-acoustic field combined demulsification device for realizing the crude oil emulsion of the above technical solution, which comprises an oil-water separation device, a settling tank 400, which is conveyed in front of the settling tank.
  • the pipe 100 is connected with a cooperating portion 600 of an electric field and a sound field, and the cooperating portion inputs the crude oil emulsion through another crude oil conveying pipe, and the high-voltage electric field generated by the high-voltage generating device and the mechanical wave generated by the ultrasonic generating device cooperate here.
  • the superposition is fully superimposed in the part, thereby generating an electric field-acoustic field superposition field.
  • the crude oil input from the crude oil conveying pipe 100 into the cooperating part is superimposed by the electric field-acoustic field, and then sent to the storage tank 400 for sedimentation and separation through the conveying pipe.
  • the separated water is discharged through the drain pipe 402, and the clean oil is sent from the oil drain pipe 401 to the next stage process. As shown in Figure 12.
  • the angle formed by the action direction of the ultrasonic wave with respect to the direction of action of the electric field can be adjusted according to the requirements of the oil product and the device, from approximately parallel (0.) to Approximate vertical (90. ;).
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a piezoelectric ceramic as a generating means for ultrasonic waves, in which the direction of ultrasonic emission is perpendicular to the direction of flow of the liquid to be treated.
  • the angle of action of the ultrasonic waves with respect to the direction in which the electric field acts may range from 0° to 90°. .
  • Figure 15 and Figure 16 show a device for generating ultrasonic waves in a magnetostrictive manner.
  • the direction of ultrasonic emission is parallel to the flow direction of the crude oil to be treated.
  • the direction of action and the electric field of the ultrasonic waves The effect is perpendicular to each other.
  • the present invention can also use other means to generate ultrasonic waves, and is not necessarily limited to the above embodiments.
  • 501 is an ultrasonic transmitting device (probe)
  • 502 is an ultrasonic power source
  • 503 is a cable connecting an ultrasonic power source and an ultrasonic probe
  • 303 is an electrode forming a high voltage electric field, which are generally parallel to each other, 200
  • It is a high voltage power supply
  • 307 is a high voltage cable connecting a high voltage electrode and a high voltage power supply
  • 600 is a cavity forming a joint portion
  • 305 is a transition piece
  • 302 is an electrode support.
  • the settling tank in the above embodiment can utilize the existing electric decanting or a conventional settling tank.
  • the physical action portion included in the above-described crude oil dehydration unit includes both an electric field action portion and an ultrasonic action portion. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the physical action portion included in the crude oil dehydration unit may also include only one of the electric field action portion or the ultrasonic action portion. In the above embodiment, the physical action portion (electric field action portion and/or ultrasonic action portion) may be tubular.
  • each unit may include at least one crude oil physical action portion and one oil-water separation device, such as a settling tank, each physical action portion including an electric field action portion and/or ultrasonic action unit.
  • a crude oil dehydration system the system includes at least one of the above crude oil dewatering units.
  • the water requirements of the crude oil dewatering system are formed.
  • the multi-stage crude oil dehydration unit can extract different processing conditions in different units to enhance the dehydration effect.
  • Figure 17 shows a crude oil dewatering system comprising three sets of crude oil dewatering units, wherein the crude oil dewatering unit can be, for example, a crude oil dewatering unit as shown in Figures 8-12.
  • the three groups of crude oil dehydration units are serially distributed.
  • the adjacent crude oil dehydration units 801, 802 and 802, 803 are connected by oil pipelines. After the crude oil to be treated is sent to the crude oil dehydration system through the crude oil transportation pipeline, it passes through The crude oil dehydration units 801, 802, and 803 are processed, and the processed crude oil is externally transported through the crude oil transportation pipeline.
  • the conventional horizontal electric decanting is generally about 3 meters in diameter and more than ten meters long.
  • the diameter of the pipe-shaped electric field acting portion (or ultrasonic acting portion) used is comparable to the diameter of the oil pipeline. of.
  • the diameter of the electric field acting portion (or the ultrasonic acting portion) may be, for example, 20 cm to 60 cm; when the diameter of the oil pipeline is 40 cm, the electric field acting portion (or the ultrasonic acting portion)
  • the diameter of the oil pipe may be, for example, 30 cm to 90 cm; when the diameter of the oil pipe is 50 cm, the diameter of the electric field action portion (or the ultrasonic action portion) may be, for example, 40 cm to 100 cm, and the electric field action portion (or ultrasonic action)
  • the ratio of the diameter of the portion to the diameter of the pipe is substantially between 0.7 and several times, preferably between 1 and 3 times.
  • the diameter of the electric field acting portion (or the ultrasonic acting portion) can be arbitrarily reduced or increased as needed.
  • the length of the electric field acting portion (or the ultrasonic acting portion) may be arbitrarily lengthened as needed, and the longer the acting portion, the more the electric field acts on the crude oil, and the effect is better.
  • the distance between adjacent electrodes is generally several tens of centimeters, and it is necessary to apply tens of thousands of volts or higher to have a better effect; because the tank is simultaneously settled, the sedimentation separates the high water content.
  • Layer the liquid properties of different adjacent electrodes are inconsistent, it is easy to lead to breakdown between electrodes, it is not easy to control, forming a "cross-electric field", so that the electric field stops.
  • the distance between adjacent electrodes is generally In a few centimeters, it is only necessary to apply a voltage of several thousand volts or less to have a better effect; the number of electrodes can be adjusted according to the size of the electric field action portion, and the electrode is thicker by adding several layers of electrodes, and vice versa. .
  • the oil and water mixture flowing through the electric field is too late to carry out the sedimentation and separation of the oil and water, the oil and water are in a state of close emulsification, and there is no obvious stratification, and the liquid properties between adjacent electrodes of each group are basically the same. Therefore, the electrodes are not easily broken down. Under the same conditions, a higher voltage can be applied per unit distance, and it is easy to control, so the effect is better.
  • the technical solution provided by the invention not only utilizes the electric field and the sound field to promote the dehydration and dehydration of the crude oil, but also uses the Brownian motion principle to increase the collision of the water-in-oil and the oil-in-water particles. Opportunities improve the efficiency and quality of demulsification.
  • the effect of the electric field and the sound field interaction and mutual promotion are enhanced in the process of demulsification and dehydration, and the effect of demulsification and dehydration of crude oil is further improved.
  • the complicated and cumbersome electric dehydration tank is discarded, and the device itself has a simple and compact structure, which provides great convenience for the installation of the electric field and sound field combined device, and is easy to process from a single point in the process flow. Installation to multi-point installation is very beneficial to strengthen physical demulsification, dehydration and the promotion of this technology.
  • the apparatus since the combination of the action of the electric field and the sound field is different, different effects on the crude oil of different qualities and different temperatures are exerted.
  • the invention can be targeted to the different quality of crude oil, the requirements of different process points, and the corresponding combination and joint action modes are utilized in a targeted manner, and the advantages of the electric field and the sound field are fully utilized to achieve the best demulsification and dehydration effect.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)

Abstract

Selon l'invention, un ensemble d'application de champ électrique (300) destiné au traitement du pétrole brut est aligné sur une pipeline (100) et comprend: une cavité (301) munie d'un orifice d'admission du pétrole pour raccorder la pipeline (100) en amont en vue d'acheminer le pétrole brut, et un orifice de sortie du pétrole pour acheminer le pétrole brut vers l'aval; une zone d'application de champ électrique située entre l'orifice d'admission du pétrole et l'orifice de sortie du pétrole pour traiter le pétrole brut; une source d'alimentation en tension (200) utilisée pour fournir une tension à l'ensemble d'application de champ électrique (300). Le rapport de la taille de la section transversale de la cavité, dans le sens perpendiculaire au sens d'écoulement du pétrole brut, à la taille de la section transversale de la pipeline est de 1-3. L'ensemble d'application de champ électrique (300) peut être employé avec une unité de déshydratation destinée au traitement du pétrole brut, ou avec un système de déshydratation de pétrole brut comprenant ladite unité de déshydratation. Grâce à l'ensemble d'application de champ électrique (300), on peut utiliser un matériel de déshydratation et de déssalement de structure plus simple et compacte et obtenir un taux et une efficacité de déshydratation accrus.
PCT/CN2007/070182 2006-07-17 2007-06-26 Appareil et système de déshydratation de pétrole brut WO2008011817A1 (fr)

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US11770644B2 (en) 2018-08-11 2023-09-26 Integrated Measurement Systems S.A.S. Modular data concentrator device for public utility metering systems and method for gathering and managing information

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CN101173182B (zh) * 2007-06-02 2013-07-10 中国石油大学(华东) 一种原油乳状液静电脱水器
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CN104419448A (zh) * 2013-08-19 2015-03-18 中石化洛阳工程有限公司 一种原油电脱盐工艺
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CN113265269B (zh) * 2021-07-01 2022-09-30 中国石油化工股份有限公司 脱沥青装置和方法
CN115161068B (zh) * 2022-08-03 2023-06-06 东北石油大学 应用于含酸化返排液原油的电脱水装置

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CN101372634A (zh) 2009-02-25
CN101370911A (zh) 2009-02-18
CN101370911B (zh) 2012-08-29
CN101372634B (zh) 2012-08-29

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