WO2008003312A2 - Method and device for analyzing the adhesive behavior of platelets - Google Patents
Method and device for analyzing the adhesive behavior of platelets Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008003312A2 WO2008003312A2 PCT/DE2007/001211 DE2007001211W WO2008003312A2 WO 2008003312 A2 WO2008003312 A2 WO 2008003312A2 DE 2007001211 W DE2007001211 W DE 2007001211W WO 2008003312 A2 WO2008003312 A2 WO 2008003312A2
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- platelets
- measuring chamber
- sample carrier
- wall
- parts
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 210000001772 blood platelet Anatomy 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 36
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000023597 hemostasis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 102100023472 P-selectin Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 208000007536 Thrombosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000010118 platelet activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000028782 Hereditary disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 101000622137 Homo sapiens P-selectin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010035766 P-Selectin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical class O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000037919 acquired disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000684 flow cytometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000386 microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000000275 quality assurance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003831 tetrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
- G01N15/14—Optical investigation techniques, e.g. flow cytometry
- G01N15/1429—Signal processing
- G01N15/1433—Signal processing using image recognition
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
- G01N15/14—Optical investigation techniques, e.g. flow cytometry
- G01N15/1456—Optical investigation techniques, e.g. flow cytometry without spatial resolution of the texture or inner structure of the particle, e.g. processing of pulse signals
- G01N15/1459—Optical investigation techniques, e.g. flow cytometry without spatial resolution of the texture or inner structure of the particle, e.g. processing of pulse signals the analysis being performed on a sample stream
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/251—Colorimeters; Construction thereof
- G01N21/253—Colorimeters; Construction thereof for batch operation, i.e. multisample apparatus
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6428—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/645—Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
- G01N21/6456—Spatial resolved fluorescence measurements; Imaging
- G01N21/6458—Fluorescence microscopy
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/00029—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor provided with flat sample substrates, e.g. slides
- G01N2035/00099—Characterised by type of test elements
- G01N2035/00138—Slides
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for investigating the adhesion behavior of platelets according to the preamble of claim 1 or claim 4.
- platelets play an essential role in blood clotting. They adhere to the walls of damaged vessels, thereby activating further platelets to aggregate to form a platelet plug which seals off the injured site.
- the extent to which the platelets present in the blood are able to adhere to a substrate by adhesion is an important characteristic of the state of the hemostasis system.
- the invention has for its object to reduce the effort required to investigate the adhesion behavior of platelets.
- This object is achieved by a method in which a suspension of a blood sample of separated platelets is passed into a measuring chamber and which after a predetermined incubation period on the wall of the measuring chamber by adhesion adhering platelets are observed by means of a microscope.
- a device with a sample carrier which has a measuring chamber for receiving a suspension of a blood sample of separated platelets, wherein the sample carrier is transparent in the region of the measuring chambers from at least one side to the wall To observe the measuring chamber by adhering adherent platelets with the help of a microscope.
- platelets are extracted from a given amount of blood sample while avoiding additional activation, and the platelet fraction is diluted to form a suspension.
- the suspension conducted into the measuring chamber is incubated, for example at 37 °, for a predetermined period of time. Thereafter, the adhering to the chamber wall platelets can be observed by means of a microscope.
- the number of adhering platelets per unit area can be determined as a characteristic variable.
- the various forms of the platelets which adjust depending on the activation state. For counting the platelets and evaluating the forms, automatic image evaluation methods are also possible.
- test is designed to aid in the diagnosis of hereditary or acquired disorders of thrombocyte function.
- test is suitable to investigate the effect of drugs on hemostasis, in particular the platelets. Further applications arise in quality control in blood banks and in transfusion medicine. In addition to applications in the evaluation of new substances, the test can also be important in the quality assurance of already established drugs.
- the suspension is injected into a microchannel comprising the measuring chamber and passing through the sample carrier.
- Complete filling of the microchannel with the suspension ensures that the sample volume from which platelets can settle on the measuring chamber wall is always the same. It does not require an exact dimension of a sample amount.
- staining of the platelets may be carried out, e.g. through a tetrazolium-based substrate.
- a fluoromarker e.g. Rhodamine G6
- labeled platelets can be observed in a fluorescence microscope.
- the microchannel containing the measuring chamber extends between two adjoining parts forming the sample carrier, which are expediently plate-shaped or comprise a plate-shaped section.
- a Einl ⁇ ssk ⁇ n ⁇ l ⁇ bêt and / or a Ausl ⁇ ssk ⁇ n ⁇ l ⁇ bêt can / can be in fluid communication with a protruding from one of the parts of the pipe socket, to which, for example, attach a pipette or connect a pump.
- the inlet channel section may be in fluid communication with a receptacle formed on the sample vessel for receiving the suspension, in particular for receiving a sample total.
- the suspension contained in the vessel can be drawn into the microchannel via a suction device that can be connected to the tube attachment at the outlet channel section.
- the tube attachment connected to the outlet channel section has an overflow channel at the free end, which leads to a collecting vessel formed on the sample carrier. Excess sample material thus remains on the sample carrier and does not escape into the environment.
- a series arrangement of a plurality of measuring chambers and on the sample carrier a plurality, each comprising at least one measuring chamber comprising microchannels may be formed in a parallel arrangement.
- the contour of the sample carrier in plan view corresponds to the contour of an ordinary microscope slide.
- the sample carrier can then easily be used in the microscope like such a slide.
- the Messkam- merwand a, preferably flat, wall portion whose Adphaseshunt with respect to platelets relative to the wall portion adjacent to the parts of the measuring chamber, preferably with respect to the entire remaining measuring chamber wall is increased.
- the Messkam- merwand a, preferably flat, wall portion whose Adphaseshunt with respect to platelets relative to the wall portion adjacent to the parts of the measuring chamber, preferably with respect to the entire remaining measuring chamber wall is increased.
- the sample carrier may be made of different materials with different adhesiveness with respect to platelets.
- the two parts of the sample carrier may be different in material, so that adhering to only one of the parts, which forms one of the two parallel to the plate plane wall sections of the measuring chamber, platelets.
- Said wall portion may be subjected to an adhesion-enhancing surface treatment and, conversely, the adhesiveness of the wall portions of the measuring chamber adjoining said wall portion may be reduced by a corresponding surface treatment.
- the latter surface treatment is particularly suitable for sections of the microchannel lying outside the measuring chambers in order to prevent the adhesion of platelets there.
- a combination of plastic / glass is also possible.
- One of the two parts could consist of a plastic film.
- the surface treatment may also be carried out in a coating, e.g. based on silica compounds, by plasma polymerization.
- a coating e.g. based on silica compounds
- fluoropolymer-based coatings are applied.
- a significant advantage of the invention over the prior art is also that after counting or / and qualitative assessment of the adhering platelets located in the channel system liquid medium can be exchanged for a there solidifying fixation without triggering the adherent platelets.
- the analysis result is thus "frozen”, can be archived and is available for later checks and inspections.
- FIG. 1 shows a sample carrier according to the invention in a perspective view
- FIG. 2 shows the sample carrier of FIG. 1 in a sectional view
- FIG 3 is a sectional view of a sample carrier according to a second embodiment of the present invention
- 4 shows a partial view of a sample carrier according to the invention, with a measuring chamber and a grid provided on the measuring chamber.
- a sample carrier 1 made of plastic consists of a first part 2 with a plate-shaped portion 3 and a second, formed in the form of a plate part 4, which is connected to the plate portion 3 of the first part 2.
- the two parts 2 and 4 are each made in one piece by injection molding of different plastic materials. Both materials are transparent. Part 4 could also be made from a film.
- microchannels 20 each having three measuring chambers 5, an inlet channel section 6, an outlet channel section 7 and intermediate sections 8 connecting the measuring chambers 5, two depressions are formed in the plate section 3 of the first plastic part 2, which are covered in a fluid-tight manner by the plate-shaped part 4.
- the measuring chamber 5 facing away from the end of the inlet channel section 6 is in communication with a protruding from the plate section 3 pipe extension 9.
- the measuring chambers 5 facing away from the end of the outlet channel 8 is connected to such a pipe neck 10.
- an overflow channel 11 At the free end of the pipe socket 10 is an overflow channel 11, which leads to a collecting vessel 12.
- the plastic material of the plate-shaped part 4 has a thrombocyte to large adhesion.
- the part 2, however, consists of a plastic material with low adhesiveness.
- a suspension from a blood sample separated platelets is filled as shown in arrow 13 via the tube 9.
- the inner diameter of the pipe socket 9 is dimensioned so that a pipette can be used for this purpose.
- the suspension passes through the inlet channel section 6 into the first measuring chamber 5 and then via the channel intermediate sections 8 into the further measuring chambers and finally into the outlet channel section 7. Then it ascends in the tube extension 10.
- the rising can be supported by a connectable to the pipe socket 10 suction device, such as a pipette.
- Excess sample material runs according to arrow 15 through the overflow channel 11 into the collecting vessel 12. By the collecting vessel 12 ensures that the entire sample remains on the sample carrier and does not enter the environment.
- platelets adhere only to a wall section 16 of the measuring chambers 5 which is parallel to the plane of the plate and formed by the plate-shaped part 4.
- a dye is introduced via the tube approach 9, which displaces the sample suspension and stains the adhering to the wall portion 16 of the measuring chambers 5 platelets so that they are visible under the microscope.
- the sample carrier 1 shown in Rg. 1 and 2 has in plan view the dimensions of a microscope slide and can therefore be inserted like such a carrier in a microscope, under which then adhered to the wall portion 16 by adhesion platelets can be observed.
- the wall section 16 it is easy to determine the number of adhering platelets per unit area.
- the platelets can be classified and the frequencies of certain shape characteristics exhibiting platelets can be determined.
- An exemplary embodiment of a sample carrier 1a shown in FIG. 3 has, instead of tube attachments 9, vessels 17 for filling a sample total.
- a suction pump which ensures that a microchannel 20a comprising measuring chambers 5a, is quickly completely filled with sample liquid, can be connected to a pipe socket 10a connected to an outlet channel 7a.
- a square in cross-section measuring chamber 5b is formed.
- a plate-shaped part 4b On its side facing away from the measuring chamber, a plate-shaped part 4b has a grid 19, which facilitates the counting in a microscope of platelets adhering to a wall section 16b of the measuring chamber 5b.
- the channel wall formed by the part 4 can be treated such that the adhesion of platelets is avoided. Errors by counting within the channel sections of adherent platelets are excluded.
- the embodiments described above have two plate-shaped components which are firmly connected to each other. It would also be possible to connect both components in a fluid-tight but yet detachable manner, e.g. with the help of a clamping device.
- a glass slide could form a stable base and have a top clamped thereto having the channels and measuring chambers.
- the glass surface could be modified, for which purpose wet-chemical and physical processes are suitable.
- the top has some ductility and may be e.g. made of an elastomer or silicone.
- the channels and measuring chambers can be easily sealed fluid-tight by the glass plate.
- a hardened fixing medium advantageously remains after loosening the clamp connection on the glass slide, which can then be archived like other microscopy samples. The upper part with the measuring chambers and channels is available for further analysis.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for analyzing the adhesive behavior of platelets. According to said method, a suspension of a blood sample of separated platelets is conducted into a measuring chamber, and the platelets that stick to the wall of the measuring chamber as a result of adhesion following a certain incubation time are observed with the aid of a microscope. An inventive device correspondingly comprises a sample support (1) that is provided with a measuring chamber (5) for receiving a suspension of a blood sample of separated platelets. The sample support is transparent in order to allow platelets that stick to the wall of the measuring chamber as a result of adhesion to be observed in a microscope.
Description
Beschreibung: Description:
„Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Untersuchung des Adhäsionsverhaltens von Thrombozyten""Method and Apparatus for Investigating the Adhesive Behavior of Platelets"
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Untersuchung des Adhäsionsverhaltens von Thrombozyten gemäß Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 bzw. Anspruchs 4.The invention relates to a method and a device for investigating the adhesion behavior of platelets according to the preamble of claim 1 or claim 4.
Bekanntermaßen spielen Thrombozyten eine wesentliche Rolle bei der Blutge- rinnung. Sie haften an den Wänden lädierter Gefäße an, wodurch weitere Thrombozyten aktiviert werden, so dass sie durch Aggregation einen die verletzte Stelle abschließenden Blutblättchenpfropf bilden. Das Ausmaß, in welchem die im Blut vorhandenen Thrombozyten in der Lage sind, durch Adhäsion an einem Substrat anzuhaften, stellt ein wichtiges Charakteristikum für den Zustand des Hämostase- Systems dar.It is known that platelets play an essential role in blood clotting. They adhere to the walls of damaged vessels, thereby activating further platelets to aggregate to form a platelet plug which seals off the injured site. The extent to which the platelets present in the blood are able to adhere to a substrate by adhesion is an important characteristic of the state of the hemostasis system.
Bei einem bekannten Verfahren zur Untersuchung des Adhäsionsverhaltens von Thrombozyten wird Blut durch zwei Röhrchen geleitet, von denen eines mit Glasperlen ausgefüllt ist, an denen Thrombozyten anhaften können. Zur Bestimmung des Haftvermögens werden die in den durch die verschiedenen Röhrchen geleiteten Blutfraktionen gemessenen Thrombozytenkonzentrationen ins Verhältnis gesetzt (Hellem AJ. The adhesiveness of human blood platelets in vitro. Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. 12 (Suppl.):l-17, 1960). Aus den Veröffentlichungen „Nickels RM, Seyfert UT, Wenzel E, Menger MD, Vollmar B. A simple and reproducible method to reliably assess platelet activation. Thrombosis research 1 10: 53-56, 2003" sowieIn a known method for investigating the adhesion behavior of platelets, blood is passed through two tubes, one of which is filled with glass beads to which platelets can adhere. To determine the adhesion, the platelet concentrations measured in the blood fractions passed through the different tubes are compared (Hellem AJ The adhesiveness of human blood platelets in vitro Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. 12 (suppl.): L- 17, 1960). From the publications "Nickels RM, Seyfert UT, Wenzel E, Menger MD, Vollmar B. A simple and reproducible method to reliably assess platelet activation. Thrombosis research 1 10: 53-56, 2003 "as well
"Krischek B, Morgenstern E, Mestres P, Klinhardt U, Brannath W, Wieding U, Nemeh A, Heinrich W, Schenk J, Wenzel T, Wenzel E. Adhesion, spreading, and aggrega-
tion of plαtelets in flowing blood αnd the reliαbiiity of the retention fest Homburg. Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis, 31 (4):449-457 (2005)" gehen ähnliche Verfahren hervor."Krischek B, Morgenstern E, Mestres P, Klinhardt U, Brannath W, Wieding U, Nemeh A, Heinrich W, Schenk J, Wenzel T, Wenzel E. Adhesion, spreading, and aggrega- tion of plaelteets in flowing blood and the reliabilit of retention Homburg. Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis, 31 (4): 449-457 (2005), "similar procedures emerge.
Eine andere, aus der Veröffentlichung „Wasiluk, A. Markers of platelets activation, CD62P and soluble P-Selectin in healthy term neontates. J. Perinatal med.Another, from the publication "Wasiluk, A. Markers of platelet activation, CD62P and soluble P-selectin in healthy term neontates. J. perinatal med.
32(6):514-515.2004." bekannte Richtung sieht die Detektion spezifischer Moleküle an der Oberfläche der Thrombozyten vor, die in verstärktem Maße erscheinen, wenn diese aktiviert sind. An der Zelloberfläche wird mit Hilfe eines spezifischen Antikörpers das mit einem Fluoromarker versehene Protein p-Selectin mit Hilfe der Flow-Cytometry detektiert.32 (6): 514-515 2004. "At the cell surface, with the help of a specific antibody, the protein provided with a fluoromarker is detected on the surface of the platelets, which appear to a greater extent when activated p-Selectin detected by flow cytometry.
Diese bekannten Verfahren erfordern einen verhältnismäßig hohen gerätetechnischen Aufwand.These known methods require a relatively high expenditure on equipment.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den zur Untersuchung des Adhäsions- Verhaltens von Thrombozyten erforderlichen Aufwand zu verringern.The invention has for its object to reduce the effort required to investigate the adhesion behavior of platelets.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren gelöst, bei dem eine Suspension aus einer Blutprobe separierter Thrombozyten in eine Messkammer geleitet wird und die nach einer vorgegebenen Inkubationsdauer an der Wand der Messkammer durch Adhäsion anhaftenden Thrombozyten mit Hilfe eines Mikroskops beobachtet werden.This object is achieved by a method in which a suspension of a blood sample of separated platelets is passed into a measuring chamber and which after a predetermined incubation period on the wall of the measuring chamber by adhesion adhering platelets are observed by means of a microscope.
Zur Durchführung des Verfahrens lässt sich erfindungsgemäß eine Vorrichtung mit einem Probenträger benutzen, der eine Messkammer für die Aufnahme einer Suspension aus einer Blutprobe separierter Thrombozyten aufweist, wobei der Proben- träger im Bereich der Messkammern von wenigstens einer Seite her transparent ist, um an der Wand der Messkammer durch Adhäsion anhaftende Thrombozyten mit Hilfe eines Mikroskops beobachten zu können.For carrying out the method according to the invention, a device with a sample carrier can be used which has a measuring chamber for receiving a suspension of a blood sample of separated platelets, wherein the sample carrier is transparent in the region of the measuring chambers from at least one side to the wall To observe the measuring chamber by adhering adherent platelets with the help of a microscope.
Gemäß der Erfindung werden also aus einer bestimmten Blutprobenmenge unter Vermeidung zusätzlicher Aktivierung Thrombozyten extrahiert, und die Thrombozy- tenfraktion wird unter Bildung einer Suspension verdünnt. Die in die Messkammer geleitete Suspension wird, z.B. bei 37°, über einen vorgegebenen Zeitraum inkubiert. Danach können die an der Kammerwand durch Adhäsion anhaftenden Thrombozyten mit Hilfe eines Mikroskops beobachtet werden. So lässt sich als charakteristische Größe die Zahl der anhaftenden Thrombozyten pro Flächen- einheit ermitteln. Unter dem Mikroskop beobachtbar sind ferner die verschiedenen Formen der Thrombozyten, welche sich je nach Aktivierungszustand einstellen.
Zur Zählung der Thrombozyten und Auswertung der Formen kommen auch automatische Bildauswertverfahren in Betracht.Thus, according to the invention, platelets are extracted from a given amount of blood sample while avoiding additional activation, and the platelet fraction is diluted to form a suspension. The suspension conducted into the measuring chamber is incubated, for example at 37 °, for a predetermined period of time. Thereafter, the adhering to the chamber wall platelets can be observed by means of a microscope. Thus, the number of adhering platelets per unit area can be determined as a characteristic variable. Also observable under the microscope are the various forms of the platelets, which adjust depending on the activation state. For counting the platelets and evaluating the forms, automatic image evaluation methods are also possible.
Somit steht ein einfacher, mit geringem Aufwand an Geräten durchführbarer Test zur Verfügung, der sich als zuverlässig erwiesen hat und Eingang in die klinische Routine finden kann. Bei geringem Probendurchsatz kann die Analyse manuell durch einen Laboranten erfolgen, bei hohem Durchsatz sind insbesondere Bildverarbeitungssysteme anwendbar. Eine komplette Automatisierung ist möglich, wenn z.B. bekannte Methoden der Probendispensierung Anwendung finden. Der Test ist geeignet, die Diagnose erblicher oder erworbener Störungen der Thrombo- zytenfunktion zu unterstützen. Ebenso eignet sich der Test, um die Wirkung von Medikamenten auf die Hämostasie, insbesondere die Thrombozyten zu untersuchen. Weitere Anwendungsmöglichkeiten ergeben sich bei der Qualitätskontrolle in Blutbanken und bei der Transfusionsmedizin. Neben Anwendungs- möglichkeiten bei der Evaluierung neuer Stoffe kann der Test auch bei der Qualitätssicherung bereits etablierter Medikamente von Bedeutung sein.Thus, a simple, with little effort on equipment feasible test is available, which has proven to be reliable and can be used in clinical routine. With a low sample throughput, the analysis can be performed manually by a laboratory technician, with high throughput especially image processing systems are applicable. Complete automation is possible if e.g. find known methods of sample dispensing application. The test is designed to aid in the diagnosis of hereditary or acquired disorders of thrombocyte function. Likewise, the test is suitable to investigate the effect of drugs on hemostasis, in particular the platelets. Further applications arise in quality control in blood banks and in transfusion medicine. In addition to applications in the evaluation of new substances, the test can also be important in the quality assurance of already established drugs.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird die Suspension in einen die Messkammer umfassenden, durch den Probenträger hindurchverlaufenden Mikrokanal injiziert. Durch vollständige Ausfüllung des Mikrokanals mit der Suspension ist gesichert, dass das Probenvolumen, aus dem sich Thrombozyten an der Messkammerwand absetzen können, stets gleich ist. Es bedarf keiner genauen Abmessung einer Probenmenge. Zur Beobachtung der Thrombozyten im Hellfeld eines gewöhnlichen Lichtmikros- kops kann eine Einfärbung der Thrombozyten erfolgen, z.B. durch ein Substrat auf Tetrazoliumbasis. Alternativ können durch einen Fluoromarker, z.B. Rhodamin G6, markierte Thrombozyten im Fluoreszenzmikroskop beobachtet werden.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the suspension is injected into a microchannel comprising the measuring chamber and passing through the sample carrier. Complete filling of the microchannel with the suspension ensures that the sample volume from which platelets can settle on the measuring chamber wall is always the same. It does not require an exact dimension of a sample amount. To observe the platelets in the bright field of an ordinary light microscope, staining of the platelets may be carried out, e.g. through a tetrazolium-based substrate. Alternatively, by a fluoromarker, e.g. Rhodamine G6, labeled platelets can be observed in a fluorescence microscope.
Vorzugsweise verläuft der die Messkammer enthaltende Mikrokanal zwischen zwei aneinander anliegenden, den Probenträger bildenden Teilen, welche zweckmäßig plattenförmig ausgebildet sind oder einen plattenförmigen Abschnitt umfassen.Preferably, the microchannel containing the measuring chamber extends between two adjoining parts forming the sample carrier, which are expediently plate-shaped or comprise a plate-shaped section.
In einem der Teile können zur Bildung des Mikrokanals Vertiefungen vorgesehen sein, während der andere Teil diese Vertiefungen fluiddicht abdeckt.
Ein Einlαsskαnαlαbschnitt und/oder ein Auslαsskαnαlαbschnitt können/kann in Fluid- verbindung mit einem von einem der Teile vorstehenden Rohransatz stehen, an welchen sich z.B. eine Pipette ansetzen oder eine Pumpe anschließen lässt.In one of the parts can be provided to form the micro-channel depressions, while the other part covers these wells fluid-tight. A Einlαsskαnαlαbschnitt and / or a Auslαsskαnαlαbschnitt can / can be in fluid communication with a protruding from one of the parts of the pipe socket, to which, for example, attach a pipette or connect a pump.
Alternativ kann der Einlasskanalabschnitt in Fluidverbindung mit einem an den Probenträger angeformten Gefäß für die Aufnahme der Suspension, insbesondere für die Aufnahme einer Probengesamtmenge, stehen. Die in dem Gefäß enthaltene Suspension lässt sich über eine an den Rohransatz am Ausgangkanalabschnitt anschließbare Saugeinrichtung in den Mikrokanal hineinziehen.Alternatively, the inlet channel section may be in fluid communication with a receptacle formed on the sample vessel for receiving the suspension, in particular for receiving a sample total. The suspension contained in the vessel can be drawn into the microchannel via a suction device that can be connected to the tube attachment at the outlet channel section.
Vorteilhaft weist der mit dem Auslasskanalabschnitt verbundene Rohransatz am freien Ende eine Überlaufrinne auf, welche zu einem an den Probenträger angeformten Auffanggefäß führt. Überschüssiges Probenmaterial verbleibt so auf dem Probenträger und gelangt nicht in die Umwelt.Advantageously, the tube attachment connected to the outlet channel section has an overflow channel at the free end, which leads to a collecting vessel formed on the sample carrier. Excess sample material thus remains on the sample carrier and does not escape into the environment.
Durch den Mikrokanal kann eine Reihenanordnung aus mehreren Messkammern und auf dem Probenträger können mehrere, jeweils wenigstens eine Messkammer umfassende Mikrokanäle in paralleler Anordnung gebildet sein.Through the microchannel, a series arrangement of a plurality of measuring chambers and on the sample carrier a plurality, each comprising at least one measuring chamber comprising microchannels may be formed in a parallel arrangement.
Zweckmäßig entspricht die Kontur des Probenträgers in der Draufsicht der Kontur eines gewöhnlichen Mikroskop-Objektträgers. Der Probenträger lässt sich dann wie ein solcher Objektträger problemlos im Mikroskop verwenden.Suitably, the contour of the sample carrier in plan view corresponds to the contour of an ordinary microscope slide. The sample carrier can then easily be used in the microscope like such a slide.
In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist die Messkam- merwand einen, vorzugsweise ebenen, Wandabschnitt auf, dessen Adhäsionsvermögen in bezug auf Thrombozyten gegenüber den an den Wandabschnitt angrenzenden Teilen der Messkammer, vorzugsweise gegenüber der gesamten übrigen Messkammerwand, erhöht ist. Auf diese Weise lässt sich sichern, dass Thrombozyten beispielsweise nur an einer von zwei zur Plattenebene parallelen Wand- abschnitten der Messkammer anhaften. Die Thrombozyten lassen sich dann ungestört durch an dem anderen parallelen Wandabschnitt anhaftende Thrombozyten beobachten.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the Messkam- merwand a, preferably flat, wall portion whose Adhäsionsvermögen with respect to platelets relative to the wall portion adjacent to the parts of the measuring chamber, preferably with respect to the entire remaining measuring chamber wall is increased. In this way, it is possible to ensure that, for example, platelets adhere only to one of two wall sections of the measuring chamber parallel to the plate plane. The platelets can then be observed undisturbed by adhering to the other parallel wall section platelets.
Der Probenträger kann aus verschiedenen Materialien mit unterschiedlichem Adhäsionsvermδgen in bezug auf Thrombozyten bestehen. Insbesondere können die beiden Teile des Probenträgers im Material verschieden sein, so dass nur an einem der Teile, welcher einen der beiden zur Plattenebene parallelen Wandabschnitte der Messkammer bildet, Thrombozyten anhaften.
Der genannte Wandabschnitt kann einer das Adhäsionsvermögen steigernden Oberflächenbehandlung unterzogen und umgekehrt könnte das Adhäsionsvermögen der an den genannten Wandabschnitt angrenzenden Wandteile der Messkammer durch eine entsprechende Oberflächenbehandlung herabgesetzt sein. Letztere Oberflächenbehandlung kommt vor allem für außerhalb der Messkammern liegende Abschnitte des Mikrokanals in Betracht, um dort das Anhaften von Thrombozyten zu vermeiden. Für die Teile des Probenträgers kommt neben unterschiedlichen Kunststoffen auch eine Kombination Kunststoff/Glas in Betracht. Eines der beiden Teile könnte aus einer Kunststofffolie bestehen.The sample carrier may be made of different materials with different adhesiveness with respect to platelets. In particular, the two parts of the sample carrier may be different in material, so that adhering to only one of the parts, which forms one of the two parallel to the plate plane wall sections of the measuring chamber, platelets. Said wall portion may be subjected to an adhesion-enhancing surface treatment and, conversely, the adhesiveness of the wall portions of the measuring chamber adjoining said wall portion may be reduced by a corresponding surface treatment. The latter surface treatment is particularly suitable for sections of the microchannel lying outside the measuring chambers in order to prevent the adhesion of platelets there. For the parts of the sample carrier, in addition to different plastics, a combination of plastic / glass is also possible. One of the two parts could consist of a plastic film.
Zur Steigerung der Adhäsionsfähigkeit durch Oberflächenaktivierung kommt z.B. eine Behandlung mit Sauerstoffplasma in Betracht. Die Oberflächenbehandlung kann auch in einer Beschichtung, z.B. basierend auf Siliziumoxidverbindungen, durch Plasmapolymerisation bestehen. Ferner besteht die Möglichkeit der Bildung einer Mikro- oder Nano-Strukturierung an der betreffenden Oberfläche, die hierdurch vergrößert wird.To increase adhesion by surface activation, e.g. a treatment with oxygen plasma into consideration. The surface treatment may also be carried out in a coating, e.g. based on silica compounds, by plasma polymerization. There is also the possibility of forming a micro- or nano-structuring on the surface in question, which is thereby increased.
Zur Verringerung des Adhäsionsvermögen können z.B. auf Fluorpolymeren basierende Beschichtungen aufgebracht werden.To reduce the adhesiveness, e.g. fluoropolymer-based coatings are applied.
Ein wesentlicher Vorteil der Erfindung gegenüber dem Stand der Technik besteht auch darin, dass nach erfolgter Auszählung oder/und qualitativer Bewertung der anhaftenden Thrombozyten das sich im Kanalsystem befindende flüssige Medium gegen ein sich dort verfestigendes Fixiermedium ausgetauscht werden kann, ohne dabei die anhaftenden Thrombozyten auszulösen. Das Analyseergebnis wird somit „eingefroren", lässt sich archivieren und steht für spätere Kontrollen und Einsichtnahmen zur Verfügung.A significant advantage of the invention over the prior art is also that after counting or / and qualitative assessment of the adhering platelets located in the channel system liquid medium can be exchanged for a there solidifying fixation without triggering the adherent platelets. The analysis result is thus "frozen", can be archived and is available for later checks and inspections.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen und der beilie- genden, sich auf diese Ausführungsbeispiele beziehenden Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments and the accompanying drawings relating to these exemplary embodiments. Show it:
Fig. 1 einen Probenträger nach der Erfindung in einer perspektivischen Darstellung, Fig.2 den Probenträger von Fig. 1 in einer Schnittansicht,1 shows a sample carrier according to the invention in a perspective view, FIG. 2 shows the sample carrier of FIG. 1 in a sectional view,
Fig.3 eine Schnittansicht eines Probenträgers gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel für die vorliegende Erfindung, und
Fig. 4 eine Teilαnsicht eines Probenträgers nach der Erfindung, mit einer Messkammer und einem an der Messkammer vorgesehenen Gitternetz.3 is a sectional view of a sample carrier according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and 4 shows a partial view of a sample carrier according to the invention, with a measuring chamber and a grid provided on the measuring chamber.
Ein Probenträger 1 aus Kunststoff besteht aus einem ersten Teil 2 mit einem platten- förmigen Abschnitt 3 und einem zweiten, in der Form einer Platte ausgebildeten Teil 4, das mit dem Plattenabschnitt 3 des ersten Teils 2 verbunden ist. Die beiden Teile 2 und 4 sind jeweils einstückig im Spritzgießverfahren aus unterschiedlichen Kunststoffmaterialien hergestellt. Beide Materialien sind durchsichtig. Das Teil 4 ließe sich auch aus einer Folie herstellen.A sample carrier 1 made of plastic consists of a first part 2 with a plate-shaped portion 3 and a second, formed in the form of a plate part 4, which is connected to the plate portion 3 of the first part 2. The two parts 2 and 4 are each made in one piece by injection molding of different plastic materials. Both materials are transparent. Part 4 could also be made from a film.
Zur Bildung von Mikrokanälen 20 mit jeweils drei Messkammern 5, einem Einlasskanalabschnitt 6, einem Auslasskanalabschnitt 7 sowie die Messkammern 5 verbindenden Zwischenabschnitten 8 sind in dem Plattenabschnitt 3 des ersten Kunststoffteils 2 Vertiefungen gebildet, welche durch das plattenförmige Teil 4 fluiddicht abgedeckt werden.To form microchannels 20, each having three measuring chambers 5, an inlet channel section 6, an outlet channel section 7 and intermediate sections 8 connecting the measuring chambers 5, two depressions are formed in the plate section 3 of the first plastic part 2, which are covered in a fluid-tight manner by the plate-shaped part 4.
Das den Messkammern 5 abgewandte Ende des Einlasskanalabschnitt 6 steht in Verbindung mit einem von dem Plattenabschnitt 3 vorstehenden Rohransatz 9. Das den Messkammern 5 abgewandte Ende des Auslasskanalabschnitt 8 ist mit einem solchen Rohransatz 10 verbunden. Am freien Ende des Rohransatzes 10 befindet sich eine Überlaufrinne 11 , welche zu einem Auffanggefäß 12 führt. Das Kunststoff material des plattenförmigen Teils 4 weist ein gegenüber Thrombozyten großes Adhäsionsvermögen auf. Das Teil 2 besteht hingegen aus einem Kunststoffmaterial mit geringem Adhäsionsvermögen.The measuring chamber 5 facing away from the end of the inlet channel section 6 is in communication with a protruding from the plate section 3 pipe extension 9. The measuring chambers 5 facing away from the end of the outlet channel 8 is connected to such a pipe neck 10. At the free end of the pipe socket 10 is an overflow channel 11, which leads to a collecting vessel 12. The plastic material of the plate-shaped part 4 has a thrombocyte to large adhesion. The part 2, however, consists of a plastic material with low adhesiveness.
Bei der Untersuchung von Thrombozyten wird gemäß Pfeil 13 über den Rohransatz 9 eine Suspension aus einer Blutprobe separierter Thrombozyten eingefüllt. Der Innendurchmesser des Rohransatzes 9 ist so bemessen, dass zu diesem Zweck eine Pipette angesetzt werden kann. Die Suspension tritt durch den Einlasskanalab- schnitt 6 in die erste Messkammer 5 und danach über die Kanalzwischenabschnitte 8 in die weiteren Messkammern und schließlich in den Auslasskanalabschnitt 7. Dann steigt sie in dem Rohransatz 10 hoch. Das Hochsteigen kann durch eine an den Rohransatz 10 anschließbare Saugeinrichtung, z.B. eine Pipette, unterstützt werden. Überschüssiges Probenmaterial läuft gemäß Pfeil 15 durch die Überlaufrinne 11 hindurch in das Auffanggefäß 12. Durch das Auffanggefäß 12 wird gesichert, dass die gesamte Probe auf dem Probenträger verbleibt und nicht in die Umwelt gelangt. Wegen des hohen Adhäsionsvermögens des Kunststoff-
mαteriαls des plαttenförmigen Teils 4 und des geringen Adhäsionsvermögens des zur Herstellung des Teils 2 verwendeten Materials haften Thrombozyten lediglich an einem durch den plattenförmigen Teil 4 gebildeten, zur Plattenebene parallelen Wandabschnitt 16 der Messkammern 5 an.In the investigation of platelets, a suspension from a blood sample separated platelets is filled as shown in arrow 13 via the tube 9. The inner diameter of the pipe socket 9 is dimensioned so that a pipette can be used for this purpose. The suspension passes through the inlet channel section 6 into the first measuring chamber 5 and then via the channel intermediate sections 8 into the further measuring chambers and finally into the outlet channel section 7. Then it ascends in the tube extension 10. The rising can be supported by a connectable to the pipe socket 10 suction device, such as a pipette. Excess sample material runs according to arrow 15 through the overflow channel 11 into the collecting vessel 12. By the collecting vessel 12 ensures that the entire sample remains on the sample carrier and does not enter the environment. Because of the high adhesiveness of the plastic As a result of the platy-shaped part 4 and the low adhesiveness of the material used to produce the part 2, platelets adhere only to a wall section 16 of the measuring chambers 5 which is parallel to the plane of the plate and formed by the plate-shaped part 4.
Nach einer vorgegebenen Dauer einer z.B. bei 37°C durchgeführten Inkubation wird über den Rohransatz 9 ein Farbstoff eingefüllt, welcher die Probensuspension verdrängt und die am Wandabschnitt 16 der Messkammern 5 anhaftenden Thrombozyten einfärbt, so dass sie unter dem Mikroskop sichtbar sind.After a predetermined duration of e.g. incubation carried out at 37 ° C, a dye is introduced via the tube approach 9, which displaces the sample suspension and stains the adhering to the wall portion 16 of the measuring chambers 5 platelets so that they are visible under the microscope.
Der in Rg. 1 und 2 gezeigte Probenträger 1 weist in der Draufsicht die Abmessungen eines Mikroskop-Objektträgers auf und lässt sich daher wie ein solcher Träger in ein Mikroskop einlegen, unter dem dann die an dem Wandabschnitt 16 durch Adhäsion anhafteten Thrombozyten beobachtet werden können. So lässt sich bei bekannter Größe des Wandabschnitts 16 leicht die Zahl der anhaftenden Thrombozyten pro Flächeneinheit ermitteln. Ferner können die Thrombozyten klassifiziert und die Häufigkeiten bestimmte Formmerkmale aufweisender Thrombozyten ermittelt werden.The sample carrier 1 shown in Rg. 1 and 2 has in plan view the dimensions of a microscope slide and can therefore be inserted like such a carrier in a microscope, under which then adhered to the wall portion 16 by adhesion platelets can be observed. Thus, with a known size of the wall section 16, it is easy to determine the number of adhering platelets per unit area. Furthermore, the platelets can be classified and the frequencies of certain shape characteristics exhibiting platelets can be determined.
Bei den nachfolgenden Ausführungsbeispielen sind gleiche oder gleichwirkende Teile mit derselben Bezugszahl wie bei dem vorangehenden Ausführungsbeispiel bezeichnet, wobei der betreffenden Bezugszahl der Buchstabe a bzw. b beigefügt ist.In the following embodiments, the same or equivalent parts are designated by the same reference number as in the preceding embodiment, wherein the relevant reference number is the letter a or b attached.
Ein in Fig.3 gezeigtes Ausführungsbeispiel für einen Probenträger 1 a weist anstelle von Rohransätzen 9 Gefäße 17 zum Einfüllen einer Probengesamtmenge auf. An einen mit einem Auslasskanal 7a verbundenen Rohransatz 10a lässt sich bei 18 eine Saugpumpe anschließen, welche dafür sorgt, dass ein Messkammern 5a umfassender Mikrokanal 20a schnell vollständig mit Probenflüssigkeit ausgefüllt wird.An exemplary embodiment of a sample carrier 1a shown in FIG. 3 has, instead of tube attachments 9, vessels 17 for filling a sample total. A suction pump, which ensures that a microchannel 20a comprising measuring chambers 5a, is quickly completely filled with sample liquid, can be connected to a pipe socket 10a connected to an outlet channel 7a.
Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel von Fig.4 ist eine im Querschnitt quadratische Messkammer 5b gebildet. Auf ihrer der Messkammer abgewandten Seite weist ein plat- tenförmiges Teil 4b ein Gitternetz 19 auf, welches die Zählung an einem Wandab- schnitt 16b der Messkammer 5b anhaftender Thrombozyten im Mikroskop erleichtert.
Innerhalb der Kanalabschnitte 6 bis 8 kann die durch das Teil 4 gebildete Kanalwand derart behandelt sein, dass die Anhaftung von Thrombozyten vermieden ist. Fehler durch Mitzählen innerhalb der Kanalabschnitte anhaftender Thrombozyten sind so ausgeschlossen.In the embodiment of Figure 4 a square in cross-section measuring chamber 5b is formed. On its side facing away from the measuring chamber, a plate-shaped part 4b has a grid 19, which facilitates the counting in a microscope of platelets adhering to a wall section 16b of the measuring chamber 5b. Within the channel sections 6 to 8, the channel wall formed by the part 4 can be treated such that the adhesion of platelets is avoided. Errors by counting within the channel sections of adherent platelets are excluded.
Die vorangehend beschriebenen Ausführungsformen weisen zwei plattenförmige Bauteile auf, die fest miteinander verbunden sind. Es wäre ferner möglich, beide Komponenten fluiddicht aber dennoch lösbar miteinander zu verbinden, z.B. mit Hilfe einer Klemmvorrichtung.The embodiments described above have two plate-shaped components which are firmly connected to each other. It would also be possible to connect both components in a fluid-tight but yet detachable manner, e.g. with the help of a clamping device.
Ein Glasobjektträger könnte ein stabiles Unterteil bilden und ein darauf festgeklemmtes Oberteil die Kanäle und Messkammern aufweisen. Zur Anpassung des Adhäsionsverhaltens ließe sich die Glasoberfläche modifizieren, wozu sich nasschemische und physikalische Verfahren eignen. Vorteilhaft weist das Oberteil eine gewisse Duktilität auf und kann z.B. aus einem Elastomer oder Silikon bestehen. So lassen sich die Kanäle und Messkammern durch die Glasplatte leicht fluiddicht verschließen. Vorteilhaft bleibt im Fall einer gewünschten Archivierung ein ausgehärtetes Fixiermedium nach Lösen der Klemmverbindung auf dem Glasobjektträger, der dann wie andere Mikroskopierproben archiviert werden kann. Das Oberteil mit den Messkammern und Kanälen steht für weitere Analysen zur Verfügung.
A glass slide could form a stable base and have a top clamped thereto having the channels and measuring chambers. To adapt the adhesion behavior, the glass surface could be modified, for which purpose wet-chemical and physical processes are suitable. Advantageously, the top has some ductility and may be e.g. made of an elastomer or silicone. Thus, the channels and measuring chambers can be easily sealed fluid-tight by the glass plate. In the case of a desired archiving, a hardened fixing medium advantageously remains after loosening the clamp connection on the glass slide, which can then be archived like other microscopy samples. The upper part with the measuring chambers and channels is available for further analysis.
Claims
1. Verfahren zur Untersuchung des Adhäsionsverhaltens von Thrombozyten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Suspension aus einer Blutprobe separierter Thrombozyten in eine1. A method for investigating the adhesion behavior of platelets, characterized in that a suspension of a blood sample of separated platelets in a
Messkammer (5) geleitet wird und die nach einer vorgegebenen Inkubationsdauer an der Wand der Messkammer (5) durch Adhäsion anhaftenden Thrombozyten mit Hilfe eines Mikroskops beobachtet werden.Measuring chamber (5) is passed and after a given incubation period on the wall of the measuring chamber (5) by adhesion adhering platelets are observed by means of a microscope.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Suspension in einen die Messkammer (5) umfassenden Mikrokanal (5-8) injiziert wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the suspension in a measuring chamber (5) comprehensive micro-channel (5-8) is injected.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Beobachtung der Thrombozyten im Hellfeld eines Lichtmikroskops eine Färbung oder zur Beobachtung der Thrombozyten unter einem Fluoreszenzmikroskop eine Markierung der Thrombozyten mit einem Fluoro- marker erfolgt.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that for the observation of the platelets in the bright field of a light microscope staining or for the observation of platelets under a fluorescence microscope, a marking of the platelets with a fluoro-marker.
4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die an der Wand der Messkammer (5) anhaftenden Thrombozyten durch ein in der Messkammer aushärtendes Mittel fixiert werden.4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the adhering to the wall of the measuring chamber (5) platelets are fixed by a curing agent in the measuring chamber.
5. Vorrichtung zur Untersuchung des Adhäsionsverhaltens von Thrombozyten, gekennzeichnet durch einen Probenträger (1 ), der eine Messkammer (5) für die Aufnahme einer Suspension aus einer Blutprobe separierter Thrombo- zyten aufweist, wobei der Probenträger im Bereich der Messkammer von wenigstens einer Seite her transparent ist, um an der Wand der Messkammer (5) durch Adhäsion anhaftende Thrombozyten mit Hilfe eines Mikroskops beobachten zu können.5. A device for investigating the adhesion behavior of platelets, characterized by a sample carrier (1) having a measuring chamber (5) for receiving a suspension of a blood sample separated thrombocytes, the sample carrier in the region of the measuring chamber from at least one side is transparent to observe on the wall of the measuring chamber (5) by adhesion adhering platelets with the help of a microscope can.
6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Messkammer (5) einen Teil eines durch den Probenträger (1) hindurch verlaufenden, einen Einlasskanalabschnitt (6) und einen Auslasskanalabschnitt (7) umfassenden Mikrokanals (5-8) bildet.6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that in that the measuring chamber (5) forms part of a microchannel (5-8) extending through the sample carrier (1) and comprising an inlet channel section (6) and an outlet channel section (7).
7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Mikrokanal (5-8) zwischen zwei aneinander anliegenden, den Probenträger bildenden Teilen (2,4) angeordnet ist.7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the microchannel (5-8) between two adjoining, the sample carrier forming parts (2,4) is arranged.
8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens eines der Teile (2,4) eine Platte umfasst.8. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that at least one of the parts (2,4) comprises a plate.
9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in einem der Teile (2,4) zur Bildung des Mikrokanals (5-8) Vertiefungen vorgesehen und die Vertiefungen durch das andere Teil (4) fluiddicht verschlossen sind.9. Apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that provided in one of the parts (2,4) for forming the microchannel (5-8) recesses and the wells through the other part (4) are sealed fluid-tight.
10. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Einlasskanalabschnitt (6) oder/und der Auslasskanalabschnitt (7) in Fluidverbindung mit einem von einem der Teile (2,4) vorstehenden Rohransatz (9,10) steht/stehen.Device according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the inlet channel section (6) and / or the outlet channel section (7) is in fluid communication with a tubular extension (9, 10) protruding from one of the parts (2, 4). stand.
1 1. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Einlasskanalabschnitt (6) in Fluidverbindung mit einem an dem Probenträger (I a) gebildeten Gefäß (17) für die Aufnahme der Suspension steht.1 1. Device according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the inlet channel section (6) in fluid communication with a on the sample carrier (I a) formed vessel (17) for receiving the suspension.
12. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10 oder 1 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der mit dem Auslasskanalabschnitt (7) verbundene Rohransatz (10) über eine Überlaufrinne (1 1 ) in Fluidverbindung mit einem an dem Probenträger gebildeten Auffanggefäß (12) steht. 12. The apparatus of claim 10 or 1 1, characterized in that with the outlet channel section (7) connected to the tube extension (10) via an overflow channel (1 1) in fluid communication with a collecting vessel formed on the sample holder (12).
13. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Mikrokanal (5-8) eine Reihenanordnung mehrerer Messkammern (5) umfasst.13. Device according to one of claims 6 to 12, characterized in that the microchannel (5-8) comprises a series arrangement of a plurality of measuring chambers (5).
14. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Probenträger (1 ) mehrere, jeweils wenigstens eine Messkammern (5) umfassende Mikrokanäle (5-8) in paralleler Anordnung aufweist.14. The device according to one of claims 6 to 13, characterized in that the sample carrier (1) comprises a plurality, in each case at least one measuring chambers (5) comprising microchannels (5-8) in a parallel arrangement.
15. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kontur des Probenträgers (1 ) in Draufsicht im wesentlichen der Kontur eines Mikroskop-Objektträgers entspricht.15. Device according to one of claims 5 to 14, characterized in that the contour of the sample carrier (1) corresponds in plan view substantially the contour of a microscope slide.
16. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Messkammer (5) einen, vorzugsweise ebenen, Wandabschnitt (16) aufweist, dessen Adhäsionsvermögen in bezug auf Thrombozyten gegen- über der übrigen Messkammerwand erhöht ist.16. The device according to one of claims 5 to 15, characterized in that the measuring chamber (5) has a, preferably flat, wall portion (16) whose adhesion capacity is increased with respect to platelets compared to the remaining measuring chamber wall.
17. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich der Wandabschnitt (16) der Messkammerwand parallel zur Ebene der von wenigstens einem der Teile (2,4) umfassten Platten erstreckt.17. The apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that extending the wall portion (16) of the measuring chamber wall parallel to the plane of at least one of the parts (2,4) covered plates.
18. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Probenträger (1 ) verschiedene Materialien mit unterschiedlichem Adhäsionsvermögen in bezug auf Thrombozyten aufweist.18. Device according to one of claims 5 to 17, characterized in that the sample carrier (1) has different materials with different adhesiveness with respect to platelets.
19. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden, den Probenträger (1 ) bildenden Teile (2,4) im Material ver- schieden sind.19. The device according to claim 18, characterized in that the two, the sample carrier (1) forming parts (2,4) are different in material.
20. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 16 bis 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wandabschnitt (16) oder/und die daran angrenzenden Teile der Messkammerwand einer das Adhäsionsvermögen beeinflussenden Oberflächenbehandlung unterzogen sind.20. Device according to one of claims 16 to 19, characterized the wall section (16) or / and the adjoining parts of the measuring chamber wall are subjected to a surface treatment which influences the adhesiveness.
21. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 20, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Adhäsionsvermögen der Wände des Mikrokanals (4-8) außerhalb der Messkammer bzw. Messkammern für eine Anhaftung von Thrombozyten zu gering ist.21. Device according to one of claims 6 to 20, characterized in that the adhesion of the walls of the microchannel (4-8) outside the measuring chamber or measuring chambers for adhesion of platelets is too low.
22. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 21 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die den Probenträger bildenden Teile lösbar, z.B. durch eine Klemmvorrichtung, miteinander verbindbar sind.22. Device according to one of claims 7 to 21, characterized in that the parts forming the sample carrier detachably, e.g. by a clamping device, are connected to each other.
23. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 22, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eines der lösbar miteinander verbindbaren Teile durch eine ebene Glasplatte, z.B. einen Glasobjektträger gebildet ist und das andere Teil als Vertiefung die Messkammer aufweist.23. Device according to claim 22, characterized in that one of the parts which can be detachably connected to each other is connected by a flat glass plate, e.g. a glass slide is formed and the other part has a recess as the measuring chamber.
24. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 23, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das andere Teil aus einem duktilen Material, z.B. einem Elastormer oder Silikon, besteht. Device according to claim 23, characterized in that the other part is made of a ductile material, e.g. an elastomer or silicone.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP07785609A EP2041547A2 (en) | 2006-07-07 | 2007-07-05 | Method and device for analyzing the adhesive behavior of platelets |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102006031475A DE102006031475A1 (en) | 2006-07-07 | 2006-07-07 | Method and device for investigating the adhesion behavior of platelets |
DE102006031475.1 | 2006-07-07 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2008003312A2 true WO2008003312A2 (en) | 2008-01-10 |
WO2008003312A3 WO2008003312A3 (en) | 2008-03-06 |
Family
ID=38695522
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2007/001211 WO2008003312A2 (en) | 2006-07-07 | 2007-07-05 | Method and device for analyzing the adhesive behavior of platelets |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP2041547A2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102006031475A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2008003312A2 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9662650B2 (en) | 2013-07-29 | 2017-05-30 | Atlas Genetics Limited | Fluidic cartridge and method for processing a liquid sample |
US9816135B2 (en) | 2013-07-29 | 2017-11-14 | Atlas Genetics Limited | Fluidic cartridge for nucleic acid amplification and detection |
US9908114B2 (en) | 2013-07-29 | 2018-03-06 | Atlas Genetics Limited | Cartridge, cartridge reader and method for preventing reuse of the cartridge |
US9993818B2 (en) | 2013-07-29 | 2018-06-12 | Atlas Genetics Limited | Valve which depressurises, and a valve system |
US9999883B2 (en) | 2013-07-29 | 2018-06-19 | Atlas Genetics Limited | System and method for processing fluid in a fluidic cartridge |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3237180A1 (en) * | 1981-10-08 | 1983-04-28 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd., Minami-Ashigara, Kanagawa | Film and method for analysis of blood platelet adhesiveness |
EP0089240A1 (en) * | 1982-03-16 | 1983-09-21 | The University Of Newcastle Research Associates Limited | Early pregnancy testing method |
US20040142408A1 (en) * | 2000-11-08 | 2004-07-22 | Kirk Gregory L. | Device and method for monitoring leukocyte migration |
WO2006065739A2 (en) * | 2004-12-14 | 2006-06-22 | Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc | A device for aggregating, imaging and analyzing thrombi and a method of use |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2234857C1 (en) * | 2003-04-21 | 2004-08-27 | Брилль Григорий Ефимович | Method for quantitative estimation of effectiveness of shift regulation in platelet function |
-
2006
- 2006-07-07 DE DE102006031475A patent/DE102006031475A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2007
- 2007-07-05 WO PCT/DE2007/001211 patent/WO2008003312A2/en active Application Filing
- 2007-07-05 EP EP07785609A patent/EP2041547A2/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3237180A1 (en) * | 1981-10-08 | 1983-04-28 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd., Minami-Ashigara, Kanagawa | Film and method for analysis of blood platelet adhesiveness |
EP0089240A1 (en) * | 1982-03-16 | 1983-09-21 | The University Of Newcastle Research Associates Limited | Early pregnancy testing method |
US20040142408A1 (en) * | 2000-11-08 | 2004-07-22 | Kirk Gregory L. | Device and method for monitoring leukocyte migration |
WO2006065739A2 (en) * | 2004-12-14 | 2006-06-22 | Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc | A device for aggregating, imaging and analyzing thrombi and a method of use |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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DATABASE WPI Week 200464 Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; AN 2004-660258 XP002460086 & RU 2 234 857 C1 (BRILL G E) 27. August 2004 (2004-08-27) * |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9662650B2 (en) | 2013-07-29 | 2017-05-30 | Atlas Genetics Limited | Fluidic cartridge and method for processing a liquid sample |
US9816135B2 (en) | 2013-07-29 | 2017-11-14 | Atlas Genetics Limited | Fluidic cartridge for nucleic acid amplification and detection |
US9908114B2 (en) | 2013-07-29 | 2018-03-06 | Atlas Genetics Limited | Cartridge, cartridge reader and method for preventing reuse of the cartridge |
US9993818B2 (en) | 2013-07-29 | 2018-06-12 | Atlas Genetics Limited | Valve which depressurises, and a valve system |
US9999883B2 (en) | 2013-07-29 | 2018-06-19 | Atlas Genetics Limited | System and method for processing fluid in a fluidic cartridge |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102006031475A1 (en) | 2008-01-10 |
EP2041547A2 (en) | 2009-04-01 |
WO2008003312A3 (en) | 2008-03-06 |
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