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WO2007033489A2 - Compositions de boues et leurs procedes d'obtention - Google Patents

Compositions de boues et leurs procedes d'obtention Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007033489A2
WO2007033489A2 PCT/CA2006/001567 CA2006001567W WO2007033489A2 WO 2007033489 A2 WO2007033489 A2 WO 2007033489A2 CA 2006001567 W CA2006001567 W CA 2006001567W WO 2007033489 A2 WO2007033489 A2 WO 2007033489A2
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
och
polysiloxane
group
particulates
composition
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CA2006/001567
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2007033489A3 (fr
Inventor
Kewei Zhang
Original Assignee
Trican Well Service Ltd.
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Trican Well Service Ltd. filed Critical Trican Well Service Ltd.
Priority to EP06790733A priority Critical patent/EP1934287A4/fr
Priority to BRPI0617261-0A priority patent/BRPI0617261A2/pt
Priority to CN200680034823XA priority patent/CN101268150B/zh
Priority to EA200800891A priority patent/EA024720B1/ru
Priority to AU2006294332A priority patent/AU2006294332B2/en
Publication of WO2007033489A2 publication Critical patent/WO2007033489A2/fr
Publication of WO2007033489A3 publication Critical patent/WO2007033489A3/fr
Priority to NO20081926A priority patent/NO20081926L/no

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
    • C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
    • C09K8/62—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
    • C09K8/66—Compositions based on water or polar solvents
    • C09K8/68—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L83/04—Polysiloxanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
    • C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
    • C09K8/04—Aqueous well-drilling compositions
    • C09K8/14—Clay-containing compositions
    • C09K8/18—Clay-containing compositions characterised by the organic compounds
    • C09K8/22—Synthetic organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
    • C09K8/52—Compositions for preventing, limiting or eliminating depositions, e.g. for cleaning
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
    • C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
    • C09K8/80—Compositions for reinforcing fractures, e.g. compositions of proppants used to keep the fractures open

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an aqueous slurry composition and to a method of making such a composition. Discussion of the Prior Art
  • Aqueous particulate slurries are commonly used or encountered in many industries including the petroleum, pipeline, construction and cleaning industries. Slurries are mixtures normally comprising particulates and an aqueous medium and play an essential role in many industrial operations. For example, slurries are used for transporting particulates from one location to another at different distances either above ground, or from the surface to a subterranean formation or from a subterranean formation to the surface.
  • the most commonly used particulates include sand, ceramic particulates, carbonate particulates, glass spheres, bauxite (aluminum oxide) particulates, resin coated particulates and coal particulates.
  • the particulate sizes normally range from about 10 to about 100 US mesh, and the particulate densities are significantly higher than the density of water.
  • the density of sand is at about 2.6 g/cm 3 while the density of water is 1 g/cm 3 .
  • Sand is by far the most commonly used particulate.
  • particulates must be suspended in a liquid medium for a lengthy period at static or/and dynamic conditions.
  • Convention wisdom tells us that the viscosity or viscoelasticity of the liquid medium must be sufficiently high to be able to suspend particulates.
  • the most commonly used method for increasing viscosity or viscoelasticity of an aqueous liquid is by adding a viscosifier, for example, a natural or synthetic polymer or a viscoelastic surfactant to the liquid medium. It is not unusual that a polymer is used with a foaming agent in order to take advantage of both viscoelastic and foaming properties.
  • a polymer is used with a foaming agent in order to take advantage of both viscoelastic and foaming properties.
  • the use of polymers in slurries increases cost and results in operational difficulties.
  • Hydraulic fracturing operations are used extensively in the petroleum industry to enhance oil and gas production.
  • a fracturing fluid is injected through a wellbore into a subterranean formation at a pressure sufficient to initiate fractures, which increase oil and gas production.
  • particulates called proppants, are suspended in the fracturing fluid and transported into fractures as slurry.
  • Proppants include sands, ceramic particulates, bauxite particulates, resin coated sands and other particulates known in the industry. Among them sand is by far the most commonly used proppant.
  • Fracturing fluids in common use include water-based as well as hydrocarbon-based fluids.
  • a polymer or viscoelastic surfactant is normally employed to increase the viscoelasticity of the fluid.
  • the viscoelastic property of the fluids is essential for transporting proppants deep into a formation.
  • fracturing fluid flows back to the surface and the proppants are left in the fracture forming a proppant pack to prevent the fracture from closing after pressure is released.
  • a proppant-filled fracture provides a highly conductive channel that allows oil and/or gas to seep through more efficiently to the wellbore.
  • the conductivity of the proppant pack plays a dominant role in production enhancement. Polymer residues from fracturing fluids are known to greatly reduce the conductivity of the proppant pack.
  • viscoelastic surfactants Compared to polymeric viscosifiers, viscoelastic surfactants cause less damage to formations and proppant packs. However, they are much more expensive.
  • aqueous-based drilling fluids When drilling subterranean formations for oil and gas, aqueous-based drilling fluids are normally used. During drilling large amounts of particles, called cuttings are generated. Cuttings have different sizes ranging from fines to pebbles.
  • the drilling fluid is circulated through the wellbore to make slurry with the cuttings in situ and transports them out of wellbore.
  • polymers as well as clays are added to the drilling fluids to increase their viscosity/ viscoelasticity in order to transport the cuttings efficiently.
  • polymers as well as clay fines can easily penetrate into pores or thin fractures in a formation and reduce formation permeability significantly, especially near wellbore. Reduced formation permeability impedes oil and/or gas production. Therefore it is highly desirable to provide a drilling fluid that can make stable slurry in situ with the cuttings and transport them out of the wellbore, while causing little formation damage.
  • one aspect of the present invention relates to an aqueous slurry compositions, which can be used to form a stable, highly conductive proppant pack, for efficiently transporting proppants into a subterranean formation, and for use in transporting drilling cuttings, coal particulates and sands.
  • the invention also relates to an aqueous slurry composition comprising particulates, an aqueous liquid and a chemical compound that renders the surface of the particulates extremely hydrophobic, and the method of making such slurry composition.
  • the invention still further relates to a slurry composition comprising particulates, an aqueous liquid, a chemical compound that renders the surface of the particulates extremely hydrophobic and a gas, and the method of making such slurry composition.
  • the invention also relates to a slurry composition comprising particulates, an aqueous liquid, a chemical compound that renders the surface of the particulates extremely hydrophobic and a surfactant.
  • the invention also relates to a slurry composition comprising particulates, an aqueous liquid, a chemical compound that renders the surface of the particulates extremely hydrophobic, a surfactant and a gas, and the method of making such slurry composition.
  • the invention also relates to a method of making an aqueous slurry composition comprising steps of first rendering the particulate surface extremely hydrophobic and then mixing the treated particulates with an aqueous liquid, or an aqueous liquid containing a gas.
  • the invention in another aspect also relates to methods of making the aqueous slurry compositions, including for various applications including hydraulic fracturing, drilling, gravel-pack, transportation through pipelines, blasting and tunneling.
  • particulates tend to move cohesively instead as individual grains; the bulk volume of settled particulates tend to be significantly greater than in a slurry formed by convention methods under the same conditions; the particulate pack formed tends to have high conductivity and can be easily dewatered, and the slurry tends to be fluid and stable at static or dynamic conditions without using a viscosifier.
  • the larger bulk volume of the particulate pack indicates a larger porosity and therefore higher conductivity.
  • the interfacial interactions between a solid substrate and a liquid mainly depend on the surface properties of the solid and the surface tension of the liquid.
  • the macroscopic properties of a solid surface can be characterized by observing the shape of a liquid droplet on the solid substrate, which is the result of free energy of the surface, as well as the free energy of the liquid.
  • a liquid does not completely wet a surface, it forms an angle ⁇ , which is known as the contact angle.
  • the contact angle is the angle formed between a solid substrate and the tangent line at the point of contact between a liquid droplet and the solid substrate.
  • the contact angle can be measured directly on macroscopic, smooth, nonporous, planar solid substrates by merely placing a droplet of the liquid or solution on the solid substrate and determining the contact angle by any of number of techniques.
  • the values of contact angles between many solids and aqueous liquid are provided in various books and scientific publications, which will be known to those skilled in the art. It is known that the majority of naturally occurring minerals are hydrophilic. It is also known that certain hydrocarbon compounds, for example, some conventional quaternary surfactants, amine surfactants and cationic polyacrylamides can be used to reduce the surface energy of certain particulates and make the particulate surface less hydrophilic or more hydrophobic.
  • extremely hydrophobic means that the contact angle of water on the solid substrate is greater than about 90°. At such high contact angles, water does not wet the surface of the solid and instead contracts on the solid surface and forms beads.
  • the chemical compounds that can render a particulate surface extremely hydrophobic are referred as “extremely hydrophobic rendering compounds” (EHRC) for the sake of simplicity.
  • EHRC normally are those compounds that contain organosilane or organosiloxane groups.
  • EHRC are able to impart hydrophobicity to solid surface to a level that conventional hydrocarbon surfactants or polymers are not able to achieve.
  • These compounds are known to render many inorganic solid surfaces extremely hydrophobic.
  • Slurries according to the invention can be made on the ground or in situ in a subterranean formation. Such slurries have numerous applications in many industries, including for (a) transporting particulates over various distances, either on the surface of the ground, from the surface to a subterranean formation or from a subterranean formation to the surface, and (b) well service operations including stimulation, drilling, completion, gravel-pack, controlling sand production and the like.
  • a gas can be mixed into the slurries of the invention.
  • gases for use in the slurry include air, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, methane and mixtures thereof.
  • the gas can be introduced into the slurries during preparation thereof. For example, when the slurry is pumped through a pipe, gas such as nitrogen can be introduced into the slurry, or gas such as air can be simply mixed into the slurry through a sufficient rate of agitation.
  • aqueous liquids means water, salt solutions, water containing an alcohol or other organic solvents. It should be understood that the additives other than water in the aqueous liquid are used in amounts or in a manner that does not adversely affect the present invention.
  • the size of particulates in compositions according to the invention is about 10-100 US mesh, which is about 150 to 1400 ⁇ m. It should be understood that the size distribution of particulates can be narrow or wide. Suitable particulates include sands, ceramic particulates, glass beads, bauxite particulates, resin coated sands, carbonates and coal particulates.
  • organosilicon compounds including organosiloxane, organosilane, fluoro-organosiloxane and fluoro-organosilane compounds are commonly used to render various surfaces extremely hydrophobic.
  • organosilicon compounds including organosiloxane, organosilane, fluoro-organosiloxane and fluoro-organosilane compounds are commonly used to render various surfaces extremely hydrophobic.
  • organosilicon compounds including organosiloxane, organosilane, fluoro-organosiloxane and fluoro-organosilane compounds are commonly used to render various surfaces extremely hydrophobic.
  • organosilicon compounds including organosiloxane, organosilane, fluoro-organosiloxane and fluoro-organosilane compounds are commonly used to render various surfaces extremely hydrophobic.
  • organosilicon compounds including organosiloxane, organosilane, fluoro-organosiloxan
  • particulates tend to move cohesively instead as individual grains; the bulk volume of settled particulates tend to be significantly greater than in a slurry formed by convention methods under the same conditions; the particulate pack formed tends to have high conductivity and be easily dewatered, and the slurry tends to be fluid and stable at static or dynamic conditions without using a viscosifier.
  • Organosilanes are compounds containing silicon to carbon bonds.
  • Organosiloxanes are compounds containing Si-O-Si bonds.
  • Polysiloxanes are compounds in which the elements silicon and oxygen alternate in the molecular skeleton, i.e., Si-O-Si bonds are repeated.
  • the simplest polysiloxanes are polydimethylsiloxanes.
  • Polysiloxane compounds can be modified by various organic substitutes having different numbers of carbons, which may contain N, S, or P moieties that impart desired characteristics.
  • cationic polysiloxanes are compounds in which one or two organic cationic groups are attached to the polysiloxane chain, either at the middle or the end.
  • the organic cationic group contains at least 10 carbons and may contain a hydroxyl group or other functional groups containing N or O.
  • the most common organic cationic groups are alkyl amine derivatives including secondary, tertiary and quaternary amines (for example, quaternary polysiloxanes including, quaternary polysiloxanes including mono- as well as di-quaternary polysiloxanes, amido quaternary polysiloxanes, imidazoline quaternary polysiloxanes and carboxy quaternary polysiloxanes.
  • the polysiloxane can be modified by organic amphoteric groups, where one or two organic amphoteric groups are attached to the polysiloxane chain, either at the middle or the end, and include betaine polysiloxanes and phosphobetaine polysiloxanes.
  • the polysiloxane can be modified by organic anionic groups, where one or two organic anionic groups are attached to the polysiloxane chain, either at the middle or the end, including sulfate polysiloxanes, phosphate polysiloxanes, carboxylate polysiloxanes, sulfonate polysiloxanes, thiosulfate polysiloxanes.
  • the organosiloxane compounds also include alkylsiloxanes including hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, hexamethyldisiloxane, hexaethyldisiloxane, 1 ,3- divinyl-1 ,1 ,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane, octamethyltrisiloxane, decamethyltetrasiloxane.
  • alkylsiloxanes including hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, hexamethyldisiloxane, hexaethyldisiloxane, 1 ,3- divinyl-1 ,1 ,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane, oc
  • the organosilane compounds include alkylchlorosilane, for example methyltrichlorosilane, dimethyldichlorosilane, trimethylchlorosilane, octadecyltrichlorosilane; alkyl- alkoxysilane compounds, for example methyl-, propyl-, isobutyl- and octyltrialkoxysilanes, and fluoro- organosilane compounds, for example, 2-(n-perfluoro-octyl)-ethyltriethoxysilane, and perfluoro-octyldimethyl chlorosilane.
  • alkylchlorosilane for example methyltrichlorosilane, dimethyldichlorosilane, trimethylchlorosilane, octadecyltrichlorosilane
  • alkyl- alkoxysilane compounds for example methyl-, propyl
  • organosilicon compounds can be found in Silicone Surfactants (Randal M. Hill, 1999) and the references therein, and in United States Patent Nos. 4,046,795; 4,537,595; 4,564,456; 4,689,085; 4,960,845; 5,098,979; 5,149,765; 5,209,775; 5,240,760; 5,256,805; 5,359,104; 6,132,638 and 6,830,811 and Canadian Patent No. 2,213,168.
  • Organosilanes can be represented by the formula
  • suitable organosilanes include:
  • polysiloxanes modified with organic amphoteric or cationic groups including organic betaine polysiloxanes and organic quaternary polysiloxanes are examples.
  • organic betaine polysiloxane or quaternary polysiloxane is represented by the formula
  • each of the groups Ri to R 6 , and R 8 to Ri 0 represents an alkyl containing 1-6 carbon atoms, typically a methyl group
  • R 7 represents an organic betaine group for betaine polysiloxane, or an organic quaternary group for quaternary polysiloxane, and have different numbers of carbon atoms, and may contain a hydroxyl group or other functional groups containing N, P or S
  • m and n are from 1 to 200.
  • one type of quaternary polysiloxanes is when R 7 is represented by the group R 1 R 4 O
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 are alkyl groups with 1 to 22 carbon atoms or alkenyl groups with 2 to 22 carbon atoms.
  • R 4 , R 5 , R 7 are alkyl groups with 1 to 22 carbon atoms or alkenyl groups with 2 to 22 carbon atoms;
  • R 6 is -O- or the NR 8 group, R 8 being an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a hydrogen group;
  • Z is a bivalent hydrocarbon group with at least 4 carbon atoms, which may have a hydroxyl group and may be interrupted by an oxygen atom, an amino group or an amide group;
  • x is 2 to 4;
  • the R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 7 may be the same or the different, and
  • X " is an inorganic or organic anion including Cl " and CH 3 COO " .
  • organic quaternary groups include [R-N + (CH 3 ) 2 - CH 2 CH(OH)CH 2 -O-(CH 2 )3-] (CH 3 COO " ), wherein R is an alkyl group containing from 1-22 carbons or an benzyl radical and CH 3 COO ' an anion.
  • organic betaine include -(CH 2 ) 3 -O-CH 2 CH(OH)(CH 2 )-N + (CH 3 ) 2 CH 2 COO ' .
  • Betaine polysiloxane copolyol is one of examples. It should be understood that cationic polysiloxanes include compounds represented by formula (II), wherein R 7 represents other organic amine derivatives including organic primary, secondary and tertiary amines.
  • organo-modified polysiloxanes include di-betaine polysiloxanes and di-quatemary polysiloxanes, which can be represented by the formula wherein the groups R 12 to Ri 7 each represents an alkyl containing 1-6 carbon atoms, typically a methyl group, both Rn and R 1 S group represent an organic betaine group for di-betaine polysiloxanes or an organic quaternary group for di- quaternary, and have different numbers of carbon atoms and may contain a hydroxyl group or other functional groups containing N, P or S, and m is from 1 to 200.
  • R 11 and R 1S are represented by the group
  • cationic polysiloxanes include compounds represented by formula (III), wherein Ri 1 and R 18 represents other organic amine derivatives including organic primary, secondary and tertiary amines. It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that there are different mono- and di-quaternary polysiloxanes, mono- and di- betaine polysiloxanes and other organo-modified polysiloxane compounds which can be used to render the solid surfaces extremely hydrophobic and are useful in the present invention. These compounds are widely used in personal care and other products, for example as discussed in United States patent nos.
  • Suitable examples are fluorinated chlorosilanes or fluorinated alkoxysilanes including 2-(n-perfluoro- octyl)ethyltriethoxysilane, perfluoro-octyldimethylchlorosilane,
  • the particulate surfaces can be hydrophobized either by forming covalent bonds between the particulate surfaces and an EHRC or by adsorption of an EHRC on the particulate surfaces.
  • chlorosilanes and alkoxysilanes which usually undergo hydrolysis in aqueous medium under suitable conditions, are used to modify surface through forming covalent bonds.
  • reactive silanol groups are formed, which can condense with other silanol groups, for example, those on the surface of siliceous materials, to form covalent bonds.
  • methyltrichlorosilane, dimethyldichlorosilane, trimethylchlorosilane, their alkoxy derivatives can be used to render glass surface extremely hydrophobic through forming covalent bonds with the glass surfaces. It has been observed that polysiloxanes including various organic modified derivatives tend to have little tendency to hydrolysis under normal conditions. It is believed that they modify the surfaces predominantly by adsorption on the solid surfaces. It is common that solid surfaces, especially inorganic solid surfaces, in an aqueous medium possess charges, either negative or positive, which is influenced significantly by the pH of the aqueous medium.
  • Organic substitutes on polysiloxane molecule enhance significantly the adsorption of polysiloxanes on the solid surfaces.
  • a cationic polysiloxane can readily adsorb on sand surface in an aqueous liquid with neutral pH, at which the sand surface possesses negative charges.
  • an anionic polysiloxane for example, a sulfonate polysiloxane tend to adsorb to a carbonate surface in an aqueous liquid more easily at neutral pH.
  • Slurries according to the present invention can be prepared, for example, by mixing an aqueous liquid with particulates and an EHRC, using conventional mixing method with a sufficient amount of shear.
  • the particulates can be first treated by contacting the particulates with a fluid medium containing an EHRC to render the particulate surfaces extremely hydrophobic and then separating the particulates from the medium.
  • the fluid medium can be a liquid or a gas.
  • the pre-hydrophobized particulates can later be used to make a slurry.
  • a gas including air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, methane and mixtures thereof, can also be mixed into the slurries under agitation. Water is the most preferred aqueous liquid for making the slurry.
  • Suitable conventional hydrocarbon surfactants into the slurry composition is also useful.
  • the surfactants should be added to the slurry at concentrations and in a manner which would not adversely affect the slurry.
  • a surfactant when added to the slurries, one should try to avoid forming insoluble precipitates with the EHRC, or changing greatly the wettability of the particulate surface, or greatly reducing the surface tension of the aqueous liquid.
  • mixing cationic polysiloxane with an anionic hydrocarbon-surfactant, or vice versa is normally not preferred, due to the tendency of causing undesired precipitations.
  • a cationic polysiloxane when used a cationic or an amphoteric hydrocarbon surfactant is more preferred.
  • an anionic polysiloxane when used, an anionic surfactant or an amphoteric hydrocarbon surfactant is more preferred.
  • Principles about surfactant compatibility are known to those skilled in the art.
  • a very low surface tension of the aqueous liquid is not desirable. When the surface tension of the liquid is too low, more water can be added or some of the aqueous fluid containing surfactants can be replaced with water.
  • the slurries can be prepared on surface (above ground) or in a subterranean formation where the particulates, an aqueous fluid, and an EHRC, for example a di-quaternary polysiloxane, are mixed in situ. Examples of situations where in situ mixing is used include drilling and wellbore cleanout operations.
  • the particulates can be first mixed with a liquid in which an EHRC is dispersed or dissolved and then the particulates separated from the liquid or dried. The thus treated particulates can subsequently be used to make the slurry.
  • Various proppants including sands, ceramic particulates or resin coated sands can be treated according to the present invention during manufacturing process.
  • the thus prepared hydrophobic particulates can be used as proppants in fracturing operations.
  • EHRC concentration can be used to render the particulate surface extremely hydrophobic.
  • the amount of EHRC added is very small and has no apparent effect on the viscosity of the liquid to which it is added.
  • the concentration of EHRC in the slurry can be as low as a few ppm to hundreds of ppm. In most applications, it is unnecessary to add EHRC in an amount larger than 1 percent of the total liquid.
  • Tegopren 6923 a di-quaternary polydimethylsiloxane from Degussa Corp.
  • Tegopren 6923 a di-quaternary polydimethylsiloxane from Degussa Corp.
  • the bottles were vigorously shaken and then let stand to allow sands settle down.
  • the volumes of the settled sands in the two bottles were compared.
  • the volume of the settled sands was about 40 percent greater than the one without, and the sands are more fluid.
  • the volume of settled pre-treated sands is significant larger than that in the control one.
  • the settled sands in the control bottle tended to move as individual grains, while the settled pre-hydrophobized sands tended to move as cohesive masses.
  • Example 10 100 ml of water and 25 grams 30/50 fracturing sands were added into each of two glass bottles (200ml).
  • 0.05 ml of Tegopren 6922 a di-quaternary polydimethylsiloxane from Degussa Corp.
  • a confidential and experimental hydraulic fracturing treatment was carried out in a gas well.
  • the depth of the well was about 2500m and the formation temperature was about 76 0 C.
  • the fracturing fluid used was slick water, where a small amount of polymer was added into water to reduce friction pressure.
  • Two proppants were used, one was 40/70 sands and the other was 30/50 sands.
  • Tegopren 6922 was added into the fracturing fluid by continuous mixing at concentrations of 1 L/m 3 to 3 L/m 3 through the proppant stage, where the slurry was prepared and pumped into the formation through wellbore. Nitrogen gas was mixed with the fluid and the slurry during the operation.
  • the present invention is particularly useful in many applications in the petroleum industry as well as in other industries. Examples include various well service operations including hydraulic fracturing, gravel pack, wellbore cleanout and drilling, particulate transportation through pipe lines, sand blasting, and excavation of a geological formation including tunneling, dredging, digging and the like.
  • An EHRC for example, a di-quaternary polysiloxane can be mixed with an aqueous liquid and proppants on-the-fly to make the slurry and subsequently pumped into the formation during the proppant stage, either with or without a gas, or furthermore, a hydrocarbon surfactant, for example, a betaine surfactant, can be combined into the composition.
  • a hydrocarbon surfactant for example, a betaine surfactant
  • slick- water fracturing treatment It is particularly beneficial to use the slurry in so-called slick- water fracturing treatment.
  • conventional slick-water fracturing operations due to the low viscosity of the fluid, only low concentrations of proppants can be effectively pumped deep into a formation, and moreover the proppants tend to settle down on the bottom of the fracture, resulting in lower conductivity.
  • high concentration of proppants can easily be pumped deep into a formation and the proppants are more evenly distributed in the fracture, leading to improved conductivity of the proppant pack.
  • Other aqueous fracturing fluids including water, brine, cross-linked polymer fluid and viscoelastic surfactant fluid can also be employed in the present invention.
  • An EHRC can be added straightly or premixed with a solvent or added as an emulsion during an operation.
  • Another benefit of the slurries of the present invention is that the aqueous liquid is re-useable after it is separated from the particulates. This has great significance considering there is limited water supply in a number of places.
  • the present invention also provides a new method for preventing proppant flowback after a fracturing treatment.
  • proppants can be pumped into a formation using the composition of the present invention.
  • a fluid medium containing an EHRC can be pumped into the formation following the proppant stage to mix with particulates already in the formation.
  • the particulates in the slurry tend to move cohesively in contrast to conventional slurries under the same conditions. It is worth noting that the cohesiveness among the proppant grains in the present slurry originates from hydrophobic interactions, instead of tackiness as described, for example in US Patent 6,047,772.
  • the slurry of the present invention is particularly useful in gravel-pack operations where sand slurry is normally pumped into a wellbore to prevent excessive amount of sands from flowing into the wellbore from the formation.
  • the present method is cost effective and the sand pack formed has a high conductivity.
  • the slurry can also be used in so-called formation consolidation operations. In such an operation, a fluid containing an EHRC is injected into a formation to increase cohesiveness among sand grains to consolidate the formation and to reduce sand production.
  • an EHRC can be added into a water-based drilling fluid. It is particularly useful when the EHRC is added to water or brine for use as a drilling fluid.
  • the fluid forms slurry in situ with cuttings and transports the cuttings out of the wellbore.
  • a gas such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide can be mixed with the slurry during drilling. Since it is not necessary to use polymers or clays to viscosity the fluid, there is much less formation damage.
  • the cuttings can be easily removed on the surface and the aqueous liquid becomes re-useable. Different formations including sandstone, carbonate, shale and coal seams can be drilled using the slurry of the present invention.
  • water containing an EHRC can circulate in the wellbore and form slurry with debris in situ.
  • the debris is subsequently transported out of the wellbore as slurry.
  • the fluid is re-useable after separation from the debris.
  • slurry For transporting particulates through pipelines slurry can be prepared by mixing the ingredients and then pumping the slurry through the pipeline.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
  • Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
  • Silicon Polymers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur une composition de boues pour l'industrie, par exemple du pétrole, et des oléoducs comportant un particulât, un liquide aqueux et un composé chimique qui rend la surface des particules extrêmement hydrophobe. L'étape où les particules sont rendues hydrophobe peut intervenir avant ou pendant la préparation de la boue.
PCT/CA2006/001567 2005-09-23 2006-09-25 Compositions de boues et leurs procedes d'obtention WO2007033489A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06790733A EP1934287A4 (fr) 2005-09-23 2006-09-25 Compositions de boues et leurs procedes d'obtention
BRPI0617261-0A BRPI0617261A2 (pt) 2005-09-23 2006-09-25 composições lodosas e métodos para produzir as mesmas
CN200680034823XA CN101268150B (zh) 2005-09-23 2006-09-25 浆液组合物及其制备方法
EA200800891A EA024720B1 (ru) 2005-09-23 2006-09-25 Композиция водной суспензии для осуществления гидроразрыва и способ ее получения
AU2006294332A AU2006294332B2 (en) 2005-09-23 2006-09-25 Slurry compositions and methods for making same
NO20081926A NO20081926L (no) 2005-09-23 2008-04-22 Oppslemmingsblanding og fremgangsmåter for fremstilling av denne

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US71959705P 2005-09-23 2005-09-23
US60/719,597 2005-09-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007033489A2 true WO2007033489A2 (fr) 2007-03-29
WO2007033489A3 WO2007033489A3 (fr) 2007-05-18

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PCT/CA2006/001567 WO2007033489A2 (fr) 2005-09-23 2006-09-25 Compositions de boues et leurs procedes d'obtention

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1934287A4 (fr)
CN (2) CN101268150B (fr)
AU (1) AU2006294332B2 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0617261A2 (fr)
EA (1) EA024720B1 (fr)
MY (1) MY153414A (fr)
NO (1) NO20081926L (fr)
WO (1) WO2007033489A2 (fr)

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WO2008131540A1 (fr) * 2007-04-26 2008-11-06 Trican Well Service Ltd Réduction de l'entraînement particulaire par des fluides
WO2009027680A1 (fr) * 2007-08-29 2009-03-05 Statoilhydro Asa Traitement de puits
US7723274B2 (en) 2005-05-02 2010-05-25 Trican Well Service Ltd. Method for making particulate slurries and particulate slurry compositions
US8053395B2 (en) 2007-01-19 2011-11-08 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Compositions for increasing gas production from a subterranean formation
US8236737B2 (en) 2006-12-07 2012-08-07 3M Innovative Properties Company Particles comprising a fluorinated siloxane and methods of making and using the same
US8302691B2 (en) 2007-01-19 2012-11-06 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Methods for increasing gas production from a subterranean formation
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RU2470145C2 (ru) * 2007-12-27 2012-12-20 Шлюмбергер Текнолоджи Б.В. Способ замедления повреждения вскрытой поверхности пласта в нефтяных и газовых скважинах (варианты) и система для его осуществления
US8360149B2 (en) 2008-12-16 2013-01-29 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Surface modification for cross-linking or breaking interactions with injected fluid
US8678090B2 (en) 2007-12-21 2014-03-25 3M Innovative Properties Company Methods for treating hydrocarbon-bearing formations with fluorinated polymer compositions
US8701763B2 (en) 2008-05-05 2014-04-22 3M Innovative Properties Company Methods for treating hydrocarbon-bearing formations having brine
US8833449B2 (en) 2009-07-09 2014-09-16 3M Innovative Properties Company Methods for treating carbonate hydrocarbon-bearing formations with fluorinated amphoteric compounds
US9057012B2 (en) 2008-12-18 2015-06-16 3M Innovative Properties Company Method of contacting hydrocarbon-bearing formations with fluorinated phosphate and phosphonate compositions
WO2015071750A3 (fr) * 2013-11-18 2015-07-23 Clearwater International, Llc Procédés et système de création de fractures de conductivité élevée
US9315719B2 (en) 2011-07-13 2016-04-19 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Low surface friction proppants
WO2016140591A1 (fr) * 2015-03-03 2016-09-09 Schlumberger Canada Limited Piliers stabilisés pour la fracturation hydraulique
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US9624422B2 (en) 2010-12-20 2017-04-18 3M Innovative Properties Company Methods for treating carbonate hydrocarbon-bearing formations with fluorinated amine oxides
US9701889B2 (en) 2011-01-13 2017-07-11 3M Innovative Properties Company Methods for treating siliciclastic hydrocarbon-bearing formations with fluorinated amine oxides
US9714371B2 (en) 2005-05-02 2017-07-25 Trican Well Service Ltd. Method for making particulate slurries and particulate slurry compositions
US9850423B2 (en) 2011-11-11 2017-12-26 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Hydrolyzable particle compositions, treatment fluids and methods
US9890294B2 (en) 2012-11-19 2018-02-13 3M Innovative Properties Company Composition including a fluorinated polymer and a non-fluorinated polymer and methods of making and using the same
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US10106724B2 (en) 2012-11-19 2018-10-23 3M Innovative Properties Company Method of contacting hydrocarbon-bearing formations with fluorinated ionic polymers
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US10202542B2 (en) 2014-07-16 2019-02-12 Trican Well Service Ltd. Aqueous slurry for particulates transportation
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US9714371B2 (en) 2005-05-02 2017-07-25 Trican Well Service Ltd. Method for making particulate slurries and particulate slurry compositions
US10023786B2 (en) 2005-05-02 2018-07-17 Trican Well Service Ltd. Method for making particulate slurries and particulate slurry compositions
US7723274B2 (en) 2005-05-02 2010-05-25 Trican Well Service Ltd. Method for making particulate slurries and particulate slurry compositions
US8236737B2 (en) 2006-12-07 2012-08-07 3M Innovative Properties Company Particles comprising a fluorinated siloxane and methods of making and using the same
WO2008087444A1 (fr) * 2007-01-19 2008-07-24 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Compositions destinées à augmenter la production de gaz d'une formation souterraine
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CN101675143B (zh) * 2007-04-26 2013-07-31 川汉油田服务有限公司 对通过流体输送颗粒的控制
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US8701763B2 (en) 2008-05-05 2014-04-22 3M Innovative Properties Company Methods for treating hydrocarbon-bearing formations having brine
US8360149B2 (en) 2008-12-16 2013-01-29 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Surface modification for cross-linking or breaking interactions with injected fluid
US9057012B2 (en) 2008-12-18 2015-06-16 3M Innovative Properties Company Method of contacting hydrocarbon-bearing formations with fluorinated phosphate and phosphonate compositions
US8833449B2 (en) 2009-07-09 2014-09-16 3M Innovative Properties Company Methods for treating carbonate hydrocarbon-bearing formations with fluorinated amphoteric compounds
EP2526161A1 (fr) * 2010-01-21 2012-11-28 Trican Well Services Ltd. Compositions et procédés pour augmenter la récupération de fluide pour des traitements de fracture hydraulique
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EP2526161A4 (fr) * 2010-01-21 2013-07-03 Trican Well Service Ltd Compositions et procédés pour augmenter la récupération de fluide pour des traitements de fracture hydraulique
US9624422B2 (en) 2010-12-20 2017-04-18 3M Innovative Properties Company Methods for treating carbonate hydrocarbon-bearing formations with fluorinated amine oxides
US9499737B2 (en) 2010-12-21 2016-11-22 3M Innovative Properties Company Method for treating hydrocarbon-bearing formations with fluorinated amine
US9701889B2 (en) 2011-01-13 2017-07-11 3M Innovative Properties Company Methods for treating siliciclastic hydrocarbon-bearing formations with fluorinated amine oxides
US9315719B2 (en) 2011-07-13 2016-04-19 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Low surface friction proppants
US10351762B2 (en) 2011-11-11 2019-07-16 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Hydrolyzable particle compositions, treatment fluids and methods
US9850423B2 (en) 2011-11-11 2017-12-26 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Hydrolyzable particle compositions, treatment fluids and methods
US10106724B2 (en) 2012-11-19 2018-10-23 3M Innovative Properties Company Method of contacting hydrocarbon-bearing formations with fluorinated ionic polymers
US9890294B2 (en) 2012-11-19 2018-02-13 3M Innovative Properties Company Composition including a fluorinated polymer and a non-fluorinated polymer and methods of making and using the same
WO2015071750A3 (fr) * 2013-11-18 2015-07-23 Clearwater International, Llc Procédés et système de création de fractures de conductivité élevée
US9932514B2 (en) 2014-04-25 2018-04-03 Trican Well Service Ltd. Compositions and methods for making aqueous slurry
US10240082B2 (en) 2014-06-30 2019-03-26 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Method for design of production wells and injection wells
US10202542B2 (en) 2014-07-16 2019-02-12 Trican Well Service Ltd. Aqueous slurry for particulates transportation
US10196560B2 (en) 2015-01-30 2019-02-05 Trican Well Service Ltd. Proppant treatment with polymerizable natural oils
RU2687722C2 (ru) * 2015-03-03 2019-05-15 Шлюмберже Текнолоджи Б.В. Укрепленные проппантные кластеры для гидроразрыва пласта
WO2016140591A1 (fr) * 2015-03-03 2016-09-09 Schlumberger Canada Limited Piliers stabilisés pour la fracturation hydraulique
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EA200800891A1 (ru) 2008-10-30
MY153414A (en) 2015-02-13
NO20081926L (no) 2008-04-22
BRPI0617261A2 (pt) 2011-07-19
EP1934287A4 (fr) 2012-04-11
EP1934287A2 (fr) 2008-06-25
CN101268150A (zh) 2008-09-17
WO2007033489A3 (fr) 2007-05-18
CN103382387A (zh) 2013-11-06
AU2006294332B2 (en) 2013-01-31
EA024720B1 (ru) 2016-10-31
AU2006294332A1 (en) 2007-03-29
CN101268150B (zh) 2013-05-08

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