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WO2007031885A1 - Combinaison constituee d'un compose contenant du phosphore et d'un compose d'uree - Google Patents

Combinaison constituee d'un compose contenant du phosphore et d'un compose d'uree Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007031885A1
WO2007031885A1 PCT/IB2006/052845 IB2006052845W WO2007031885A1 WO 2007031885 A1 WO2007031885 A1 WO 2007031885A1 IB 2006052845 W IB2006052845 W IB 2006052845W WO 2007031885 A1 WO2007031885 A1 WO 2007031885A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
urea
containing liquid
phosphorus containing
phosphorus
acid
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2006/052845
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English (en)
Inventor
Alastair James Forsyth
Original Assignee
Alastair James Forsyth
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alastair James Forsyth filed Critical Alastair James Forsyth
Publication of WO2007031885A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007031885A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B9/00—Fertilisers based essentially on phosphates or double phosphates of magnesium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the combination of a phosphorus containing compound and an urea compound.
  • the invention also relates the use of such a combination as a plant treatment composition.
  • Phosphorous acid and phosphites instead of phosphoric acid and phosphates as fertilizers and/or fungicides are known.
  • Phosphorous acid and phosphites have the advantage over phosphates in that they are more readily absorbable by the foliage of plants such as citrus and avocado plants.
  • Another advantage is that phosphites have fungicidal properties in addition to their fertilizing properties.
  • Phosphite compositions in an unbuffered form have been marketed for foliage uptake and for applications to the soil. These compositions are sold as concentrated solutions that have to be diluted with water prior to application.
  • US Patent 4,075,324 describes fungicidal compositions containing phosphorous acid, inorganic and organic salts thereof.
  • US Patent 5,514,200 describes a buffered fertilizer composition comprising an organic acid and salts thereof and a phosphorous containing acid and salts thereof, which upon dilution forms a substantially fully solubilised fertilizer having a foliage acceptable pH for phosphorous uptake.
  • WO 09/42169 discloses an alternative buffered phosphorous containing solution wherein the buffer includes an organic base in the form of a nitrogen containing compound and its conjugate acid.
  • One disadvantage of these buffered solutions is that they are relatively expensive.
  • a phosphorus compound such as phosphorous acid
  • an urea compound it provides a product which is not only suitable as a plant treatment composition, but is also relatively inexpensive compared to the commonly used potassium phosphite salts, is easy to prepare, and is relatively safe to handle in its concentrated form compared to concentrated phosphorous acid itself.
  • the concentrated combination is usually less corrosive (this is especially so when the molar ratio of urea to phosphorous acid is at least 1 :1), has a higher pH, and includes an inexpensive source of nitrogen suitable for foliar and soil application. It further has the advantage that relatively high concentrations of the product can be prepared and that it may have a low electrical conductivity compared to the corresponding potassium salt of phosphorous acid.
  • US 5,707,418 discloses a concentrated phosphorus fertilizer having a phosphorous containing acid or salts (including phosphorous acid) and an inorganic complexing agent (a phosphoric acid or a phosphate).
  • Example IV shows the inclusion of urea in such a combination but also in combination with an inorganic base (KOH).
  • KOH inorganic base
  • Other comparative examples also include, amongst others, the combination of phosphorous acid and urea, but again with an inorganic base (KOH), and with a molar ratio of urea to phosphorous acid of 1 : 2.4. It appears that urea was merely included as a source of N and that KOH was used to neutralize the phosphorous acid.
  • WO 2004/011394 relates to an agrochemical composition having both fertilizing and pesticidal properties, the composition containing a phosphite combination of phosphorous acid, a base in the form of an inorganic salt, at least one other NPK nutrient, and metal microelements.
  • the base at least partly neutralizes the acid.
  • Urea is mentioned as one of many listed NPK nutrients, and monopotassium phosphate and monoammonium phosphate are the NPK nutrients of choice. Urea is merely mentioned as a possible NPK nutrient, and a base such as potassium carbonate was used to neutralize the acid.
  • US 2003/0029211 discloses a concentrated phosphorus fertilizer that may also be a pesticide.
  • the composition comprises an aqueous suspension of one or more phosphorus containing acids or salts thereof (including phosphorous acid) and a suspension agent. In all cases a phosphite salt or neutralized phosphorous acid was used.
  • the composition may additionally include a source of N such as urea or ammonium nitrate.
  • US 6720313 discloses a biocidal composition for providing antifungal or antibacterial protection to a substrate such as wood. The document teaches that the composition cannot be applied to living plants.
  • a preferred source of phosphite used in this combination is phosphorous acid.
  • Example 8 discloses a combination of phosphorous acid (16 parts), oxine (4 parts) and urea (4 parts). That is, the molar ratio of urea to phosphorous acid is 1 : 2.9.
  • the present invention is distinguished over the prior art discussed above for one or more of the following reasons: i) the prior art cited does not disclose the ratio of urea to phosphorous acid/phosphite of the present invention; ii) the prior art does not recognise the advantage that urea can be used to render phosphorous acid more safe, as bases are used in the prior art to neutralize phosphorous acid and/or urea is not always included in the solutions; and iii) in the case of US 6720313 the composition is also not suitable as a plant treatment composition.
  • a phosphorus containing liquid including the combination of at least one phosphorus compound selected from the group consisting of phosphorous acid, hypophosphorous acid, poiyphosphorous acid, polyhypophosphorous acid, and salts thereof and at least one urea compound selected from the group consisting of urea and a substituted urea, the substituted urea being urea wherein H and/or O has been replaced with another atom or group of atoms; and the phosphorus containing liquid being characterised therein that the molar ratio of the total urea compound to the total phosphorus compound as set out above is at least 0.5 : 1.
  • the phosphorus containing liquid is a phosphorus containing solution wherein both the at least one phosphorus compound and the at least one urea compound are dissolved.
  • the phosphorus containing liquid includes water, and preferably it is an aqueous solution.
  • the liquid may be a concentrated liquid (preferably a concentrated solution) of the phosphorus compound.
  • the liquid has a concentration of above 1.22 mol/l of the phosphorus compound. More preferably the concentration is from 2.44 to 11 mol/l. Most preferably the concentration is about 4.88 mol/l or alternatively about 9.76 mol/l phosphorous compound.
  • the at least one phosphorus compound preferably is a compound selected from the group consisting of phosphorous acid, hypophosphorous acid, poiyphosphorous acid and polyhypophosphorous acid. That is, preferably the phosphorus compound is not a salt. More preferably the at least one phosphorus compound is phosphorous acid, and preferably only phosphorous acid.
  • the phosphorus compound may include salts, such as one or more salts of phosphorous acid (eg. KH 2 PO 3 and K 2 HPO 3 ), but preferably no such salts (especially no salts of phosphorous acid) are included.
  • salts such as one or more salts of phosphorous acid (eg. KH 2 PO 3 and K 2 HPO 3 ), but preferably no such salts (especially no salts of phosphorous acid) are included.
  • a disadvantage of such salts is that they have to be prepared carefully due to the highly exothermic reaction between the acid (such as phosphorous acid) and a base (such as KOH) to prepare the salt.
  • the substituted urea may comprise biuret.
  • the urea compound is urea.
  • urea with a low biuret content preferably with a biuret content of not more than 0.5% m/m
  • Normal feed grade urea (biuret content of less than 1% m/m) or even fertilizer grade urea (biuret content of less than 3% m/m) may be used in other applications.
  • the phosphorus containing liquid is a phosphorus solution including the combination of urea and phosphorous acid in a molar ratio of at least 0.5 : 1. It is believed that the adduct of phosphorous acid and urea is not a salt.
  • the molar ratio of the total urea compound to the total phosphorus compound is at least 0.6 : 1 , preferably at least 0.7 : 1 , preferably at least 0.8 : 1 , preferably 0.9 : 1 and more preferably about 1 : 1 or even higher.
  • the concentrated phosphorus containing liquid may include water and preferably the molar ratio of the water to the total phosphorus compound is from 6.2 : 1 to 0.2 : 1 , more preferably from 1.89 : 1 to 0.25 : 1.
  • the concentrated solution Prior to application the concentrated solution may be diluted with water to any suitable concentration of phosphorus compound as required. This concentration is usually from 0.001 to 15 mol.dm "3 total phosphorus compound, preferably from 5 to 12 mol.dm “3 , preferably about 11 mol.dm “3 .
  • the phosphorus containing liquid may also include one or more additional compounds, especially one or more plant nutrients.
  • the plant nutrient may be a potassium compound such as for example K 2 CO 3 , KNO 3 or the like.
  • Other suitable plant nutrients may include a source of magnesium, a source of calcium, a source of S (such as sulphate salts) and micronutrients including sources of Fe, Cu, Mn, B, Zn or Mo.
  • the phosphorous containing liquid may include a fungicide.
  • the fungicide may be a sulphur containing compound, preferably a carbamodithioato compound, preferably mancozeb.
  • the phosphorus containing liquid may be a plant treatment composition.
  • the phosphorus containing liquid may be a fertilizer, preferably a fertilizer solution.
  • the phosphorus containing liquid may be a biocide such as a fungicide.
  • a fungicide suitable for use against Oomycet ⁇ s, including Peronosporates, Pseudoperonospora, Pythium, Phytophthora, and Plasmopara. It may be used against Phytophthora spp, Pythium spp, Peronospora parasitica, Pseodoperonospora cubensis, Plasmopara viticola, Peronospora destructor and Pseudoperonospora humili.
  • it is a fungicide suitable for use against Phytophthora species.
  • Venturia inaqualis Colletot ⁇ chum gloeosporioides, Alternaria tenuissima, Erwinia amylovora, Xanthomonas campestris and Pseudomonas syringae.
  • the phosphorus containing liquid preferably has a pH below 2.9, preferably below 2.8, preferably between 2.2 and 2.9, preferably between 2.3 and 2.8 and preferably about 2.7 to 2.4.
  • the phosphorus containing liquid may have an electrical conductivity (EC) below 65 mS/cm, preferably below 59 mS/cm, preferably below 54 mS/cm, preferably below 50 mS/cm, preferably below 46 mS/cm, preferably below 43 mS/cm.
  • EC electrical conductivity
  • a method of preparing a phosphorus containing liquid by mixing together at least one phosphorus compound selected from the group consisting of phosphorous acid, hypophosphorous acid, polyphosphorous acid, polyhypophosphorous acid, and salts thereof; and - at least one urea compound selected from the group consisting of urea and a substituted urea, the substituted urea being urea wherein H and/or O has been replaced with another atom or group of atoms; and the molar ratio of the total urea compound to the total phosphorus compound as set out above is at least 0.5 : 1.
  • the liquid is preferably an aqueous liquid, preferably an aqueous solution.
  • Preferably water is mixed with the phosphorus compound and the urea compound.
  • the invention also relates to the use of a phosphorus containing liquid substantially as described hereinabove for treating plants or a locus especially a locus where plants are cultivated or are to be cultivated.
  • the liquid may be used as a biocide, preferably fungicide. Alternatively or additionally the liquid may be used as a fertilizer.
  • the liquid may be applied directly to the plants, for example by spraying the plants or by drenching their roots.
  • the solution may also be injected into plant, preferably into the stems, of plants such as avocado.
  • the invention also relates to a method of treating a plant or a locus comprising applying to the plant or locus a phosphorus containing liquid substantially as described hereinabove.
  • liquids of the present invention can contain relatively high concentrations of the phosphorus compound.
  • an aqueous solution containing 900g/l phosphorous acid combined with urea in a 1 :1 molar ratio could be prepared.
  • Similar solutions of potassium phosphite phosphorous acid combined with potassium in a 1 :1 molar ratio
  • potassium phosphite could not be prepared at 900 g/l, as potassium phosphite did not completely dissolve. Even at a concentration of 800 g/l, the potassium phosphite crystallized out at room temperature.
  • the combination of phosphorous acid and urea does not form a salt because both the urea and the phosphorous acid in such a combination do not have an effective charge. That is, it is believed that the combination does not ionize, rather the adduct formed is neutral in charge. It is believed that such a neutral adduct is taken up easier by plants through translaminar absorption and may be more mobile between plant cells compared to ionized compounds.
  • the water was mixed with the phosphorous acid, which mixture was then mixed with the urea thereby providing an aqueous solution containing an urea to phosphorous acid molar ratio of 1 :1.
  • the phosphorus containing solution had a pH of approximately 2.4.
  • the density of the solution was 1.23kg/l and the solution had an electrical conductivity of 42mS/cm.
  • the solution was clear.
  • 1.2 A solution at double the concentration as set out in 1.1. above was prepared in the same way by mixing together
  • the phosphorus containing solution had a pH of approximately 2.3.
  • the density of the solution was 1.426kg/l and the solution had an electrical conductivity of 7.87mS/cm.
  • the solution was slightly cloudy at first but became clear after having been left to stand for approximately 1 hour.
  • the urea to phosphorous acid molar ratio was 1 :1.
  • the solutions of 1.1 and 1.2 are relatively inexpensive compared to commonly used potassium phosphate salts due to the fact that urea is less expensive than salts such as K 2 CO 3 used to form potassium salts. These solutions are also easy to prepare compared to the preparation of potassium phosphite salts.
  • Table 1 Average percentage of fruit with brown fruit rot 7, 14 and 21 days after incubation on soil naturally infected with Phytophthora spp.
  • Tomatoes were treated with three different dosages of either solution 1.1 of example 1 (AJF) or Phosguard 400 SL (a mono-, di potassium phosphite 20 solution with 40Og phosphorous acid/I! brought up to a pH of between 4.5 - 4.7 with a potassium source) on their own or in combination with Dithane 80 WP (well know broad spectrum contact fungicide; the active ingredient being alkylenebis (dithiocarbamate) -common name: mancozeb).
  • Table 4 gives the full treatment detail for this trial.
  • Table 4 The treatment layout indicating dosages at which the products were used.
  • Figure 2 Total tomato yield expressed as tons per hectare produced by tomato plants treated with Phosguard or AJF at a dosage of 300 ml /hi alone or in combination with mancozeb.
  • Figure 3 Total tomato yield expressed as tons per hectare produced by tomato plants treated with Phosguard or AJF at a dosage of 450 ml /hi alone or in combination with mancozeb.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne un liquide contenant du phosphore, ainsi que la combinaison d'au moins un composé phosphore choisi dans le groupe comprenant l'acide phosphorique, l'acide hypophosphorique, l'acide polyphosphorique, l'acide polyhypophosphorique, et des sels de ceux-ci; et au moins un composé d'urée. Le liquide contenant du phosphore décrit dans cette invention se caractérise par un rapport molaire du composé d'urée entier sur le composé phosphore entier, tel qu'ils sont décrits dans cette invention d'au moins 0.5 : 1. La présente invention concerne également un procédé permettant de préparer un liquide contenant du phosphore.
PCT/IB2006/052845 2005-09-14 2006-08-17 Combinaison constituee d'un compose contenant du phosphore et d'un compose d'uree WO2007031885A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA200507398 2005-09-14
ZA2005/07398 2005-09-14

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WO2007031885A1 true WO2007031885A1 (fr) 2007-03-22

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TR (1) TR200801648T1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007031885A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2423238A1 (es) * 2012-03-13 2013-09-18 Miguel Angel MEDINA MEGIAS Procedimiento de obtencion de un fertilizante en forma de gel

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020129632A1 (en) * 2001-03-15 2002-09-19 Colin Sheppardson Concentrated phosphorus fertilizer
WO2002102159A1 (fr) * 2001-06-20 2002-12-27 Alastair James Forsyth Composition de traitement pour plantes
WO2003004441A1 (fr) * 2001-07-03 2003-01-16 Young Donald C Composition fertilisante contenant du phosphate/phosphite d'ammonium
US20030029211A1 (en) * 2001-03-15 2003-02-13 Colin Sheppardson Concentrated phosphorus fertilizer usable as a pesticide, fungicide, adjuvant, acidifier and phytophthora destroying agent
US20040035162A1 (en) * 1999-02-05 2004-02-26 Williams Richard Henry Fertiliser
EP1505046A1 (fr) * 2003-08-04 2005-02-09 Biolchim S.P.A Poudre d'engrais hydrosoluble contenant du phosphor (P2O5) et du calcium (CaO) dans des rapports différents
US20050130841A1 (en) * 1996-09-30 2005-06-16 Blount David H. Hydrolyzed urea fertilizer, fungicide and insecticide
US20050166652A1 (en) * 1996-09-30 2005-08-04 Blount David H. Urea based fertilizer, fungicide and insecticide

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050130841A1 (en) * 1996-09-30 2005-06-16 Blount David H. Hydrolyzed urea fertilizer, fungicide and insecticide
US20050166652A1 (en) * 1996-09-30 2005-08-04 Blount David H. Urea based fertilizer, fungicide and insecticide
US20040035162A1 (en) * 1999-02-05 2004-02-26 Williams Richard Henry Fertiliser
US20020129632A1 (en) * 2001-03-15 2002-09-19 Colin Sheppardson Concentrated phosphorus fertilizer
US20030029211A1 (en) * 2001-03-15 2003-02-13 Colin Sheppardson Concentrated phosphorus fertilizer usable as a pesticide, fungicide, adjuvant, acidifier and phytophthora destroying agent
WO2002102159A1 (fr) * 2001-06-20 2002-12-27 Alastair James Forsyth Composition de traitement pour plantes
WO2003004441A1 (fr) * 2001-07-03 2003-01-16 Young Donald C Composition fertilisante contenant du phosphate/phosphite d'ammonium
EP1505046A1 (fr) * 2003-08-04 2005-02-09 Biolchim S.P.A Poudre d'engrais hydrosoluble contenant du phosphor (P2O5) et du calcium (CaO) dans des rapports différents

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2423238A1 (es) * 2012-03-13 2013-09-18 Miguel Angel MEDINA MEGIAS Procedimiento de obtencion de un fertilizante en forma de gel

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