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WO2007018914A1 - Dispositif de retenue de courroie d'entrainement pour appareil plumeur - Google Patents

Dispositif de retenue de courroie d'entrainement pour appareil plumeur Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2007018914A1
WO2007018914A1 PCT/US2006/026930 US2006026930W WO2007018914A1 WO 2007018914 A1 WO2007018914 A1 WO 2007018914A1 US 2006026930 W US2006026930 W US 2006026930W WO 2007018914 A1 WO2007018914 A1 WO 2007018914A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
belt
drive
pulley
retainer
picker
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2006/026930
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Frank Ii Criscione
Original Assignee
Johnson Food Equipment, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Johnson Food Equipment, Inc. filed Critical Johnson Food Equipment, Inc.
Publication of WO2007018914A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007018914A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A22—BUTCHERING; MEAT TREATMENT; PROCESSING POULTRY OR FISH
    • A22C—PROCESSING MEAT, POULTRY, OR FISH
    • A22C21/00—Processing poultry
    • A22C21/02—Plucking mechanisms for poultry
    • A22C21/028—Plucking mechanisms for poultry with discs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to a picker apparatus for defeathering or plucking of poultry and other avian in a food processing facility. More particularly, one aspect of the present invention is concerned with an improved belt drive system for driving a plurality of rotatable devices, and another aspect of the present invention is concerned with a quick release positioning adjustment for the operating components of a picker apparatus.
  • the disc banks are mounted to a frame with a carrier that allows for horizontal adjustment of the opposing banks with respect to each other. Such horizontal adjustment is necessary to allow the opposing banks to be moved apart from each other for routine cleaning and maintenance.
  • the horizontal adjustment of the picker banks is usually controlled by a crank screw that is connected to each of the bank carriers. Adjustment with the crank screw is slow, as hand cranks are usually utilized due to the corrosive nature of food processing facilities, which greatly reduces the life of electric motors. More importantly, each time the carriers are adjusted from an operating position to a cleaning position, it is difficult to readjust the carriers back to the exact same operating position.
  • the drive mechanism for existing picker machines includes a drive motor located at one end of the bank of picker discs. Each picker disc is connected to a drive pulley, and a flat belt is connected to the drive motor and intertwined with drive pulleys such that alternating discs are rotated by the drive belt in opposite directions. Such is accomplished by winding the belt around the top of one pulley, around the bottom of the next pulley, around the top of the next, and so forth. Motor inefficiency and wear are extremely high for such drive systems because the motor, being located at either end of the bank of pickers, must pull all pulleys from a single point. Similarly, the forces exerted on the pulley located closest to the drive motor in a disc bank are extremely high.
  • an apparatus and method for defeathering or plucking of poultry in a food processing facility including an apparatus that permits fast, easy adjustment of picker banks while at the same time maintaining a desired operating position for the picker banks, and further including a drive system for a picker machine that has higher efficiency, decreased wear and which is universal for various installation locations.
  • a picker machine that includes a frame having a cross member for mounting horizontally adjustable carriers.
  • the carriers are slidably mounted to the frame cross member.
  • Picker banks are attached to the carriers for horizontal adjustment with the carriers.
  • the carriers each include a releasable connection to a carrier stop.
  • the carrier stops are threadingly engaged with a crank screw in the same manner in which the carriers of the prior art are engaged with the crank screw.
  • the crank screw will have reverse threads on each side of the screw (i.e.
  • the drive system of the invention includes a drive motor centrally located within the bank of picker discs.
  • the motor is connected to the pulleys of the picker discs with a ribbed drive belt.
  • each picker bank has two drive motors which are located in the middle of a plurality of disks.
  • a spring loaded tensioner is provided in a preferred embodiment to permit easy removal and replacement of the drive belt.
  • the ribbed belt allows the drive motor to both pull and also push the pulleys of the picker discs. This results in decreased wear on the motor versus the prior art systems in which the motor is only pulling the pulleys.
  • the use of the ribbed belt reduces the amount of belt tension necessary for the machine.
  • the location of the motor within the bank of pickers, versus at one end of the bank, reduces the forces on pulleys located away from the motor. Furthermore, the central location of the motor allows a single bank design to be universal regardless of the bank's installation orientation (i.e. right or left side of the machine).
  • the belt is held in place by a drive belt retainer including a center concave surface which cooperates with the drive pulley to form a belt channel. The retainer operates to keep the belt engaged on the drive pulley.
  • FIGURE 1 is a left side perspective view of the picker machine of the invention with the carriers connected to the carrier stops and the picker banks in an operational position;
  • FIGURE 2 is a perspective view of the first end frame of the machine shown in Figure 1, showing the frame end assembly and the carrier assemblies;
  • FIGURE 2A is an enlarged fragmentary view of first end frame shown in
  • FIGURE 3 is an exploded perspective view of the first end frame shown in Figure 2;
  • FIGURE 4A shows an enlarged fragmentary view of the right carrier support assembly and latch plate of the carrier assembly shown in Figure 2;
  • FIGURE 4B shows an exploded enlarged fragmentary view of the right carrier support assembly and latch plate of the carrier assembly shown in Figure 3;
  • FIGURE 4C shows an exploded enlarged fragmentary view of the lateral position adjuster shown in Figure 3;
  • FIGURE 5A is a front elevational view of the picker bank support bracket of the carrier assembly shown in Figure 3;
  • FIGURE 5B shows an exploded perspective front elevational view of the picker bank support bracket of the carrier assembly shown in Figure 3;
  • FIGURE 6 is a front elevational view of the first end frame of the machine shown in Figure 1, with the carrier assemblies in an operational position;
  • FIGURE 7 is a front elevational view of the first end frame of the machine shown in Figure 1, with the carrier stop latches in a released position;
  • FIGURE 8 is a front elevational view of the first end frame of the machine shown in Figure 1, with the left carrier assembly in operational position and the right carrier assembly in a non-operational position;
  • FIGURE 9 is a front elevational view of the first end frame of the machine shown in Figure 1, with both carrier assemblies in a non-operational position;
  • FIGURE 1OA is a top perspective view of a picker bank assembly of the machine shown in Figure 1;
  • FIGURE 1OB is a view of the inner face of the picker bank assembly shown in Figure 1OA, with the picker disks removed;
  • FIGURE 1OC is an end view of the picker bank assembly shown in Figure 1OA;
  • FIGURE 11 is a front view of a picker bank assembly of the machine shown in Figure 1, with motors installed and cover removed to show details of the drive belt arrangement.
  • FIGURE 12 is a partially exploded view of the picker bank assembly of
  • FIG. 1 showing details of the motor mount, drive belt, belt tensioner and pulley assemblies.
  • FIGURE 13 shows enlarged and exploded enlarged views of the belt tensioner shown in Figure 12.
  • FIGURE 14 is a partially exploded isometric view of an embodiment of a drive belt retaining mechanism associated with a portion of the inner face of the picker bank assembly.
  • FIGURE 15 is an elevation view of a portion of the inner face of the picker bank assembly showing the drive belt retaining mechanism of Figure 14.
  • the picker apparatus of the invention includes a frame 100 which supports multiple carrier assemblies 200.
  • the carrier assemblies in turn hold the picker bank assemblies 300.
  • the frame holds the carriers and picker banks in line with a conveyor (not shown), so that avian carcasses are passed between the picker bank assemblies 300 to be defeathered.
  • the carrier assemblies 200 allow the picker bank assemblies 300 to be moved between their operational position and their inoperative and spread apart maintenance position.
  • the frame 100 has a plurality of side members 101 and 102, cross members 103, and corner members 104, with sufficient strength and stiffness to support the operational components of the apparatus.
  • the frame members 101, 102, 103, and 104 may be joined together with any type of suitable fasteners or in any other manner known to those skilled in the art. While the drawing figures show frame members 101, 102, and 103 in horizontal arrangement, and corner members 104 in vertical arrangement, the invention contemplates frame members in other arrangements; for example, frame members 101 and 102 defining an "X" in joining two corner members 104, and/or corner members arranged at an angle where the lower ends of pairs of corner members 104 are farther apart than the respective upper ends, and/or the cross members
  • the apparatus further includes a plurality of carrier assemblies 200 slidably mounted on the cross members 103, and a plurality of picker bank assemblies 300 supported by the carrier assemblies 200, the details of which are further described below.
  • An embodiment of the invention includes at least four corner frame members 104 arranged in a rectangular pattern, wherein pairs of corner frame members
  • the apparatus further includes a conveyor rail 105 attached to the underside center point of each of the cross members 103 and running the length of the apparatus for conveying avian carcasses through the apparatus for defeathering.
  • the apparatus further includes at least four carrier assemblies 200 slidably mounted in opposing pairs on the cross members 103, and at least two picker bank assemblies 300 on each side of the apparatus (Figure 1), the picker bank assemblies 300 being supported at each end by the carrier assemblies 200, the details of which are described below. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, four picker bank assemblies 300 are mounted in pairs, one in upper position and one in lower position, on each side of the apparatus.
  • FIG. 2A, and Figure 3 include vertical columns 201; carrier support assemblies 202 for slidably engaging the cross member 103; releasable adjustable carrier stops 203 and a lateral position adjustment assembly 204 for adjustment of the operating position of the carrier stops 203; a moveable latch plate 205 for engaging the carrier stops 203 to fix the carrier assemblies 200 in operating position; manual release handles 206 for releasing latch plates 205 from engagement with carrier stops 203; and picker bank support brackets 207 for mounting the picker bank assemblies 300.
  • the lateral position adjustment assembly of the invention includes two threaded carrier stops 203 slidably engaging the cross member 103 and threadingly engaged with an adjustment screw 208 attached to the upper side of the cross member, the adjustment screw 208 having reverse threaded sections for adjustment of the carrier stops 203 in opposing directions, thus by rotating the adjustment screw 208 the carrier stops 203 are moved closer together, and by rotating the adjustment screw 208 in the opposite direction the carrier stops 203 are moved apart in order to set the operating position appropriate to the size of avian to be defeathered.
  • the carrier stops 203 further include a latch stud 210 capable of quick release engagement with the carrier support assemblies 202.
  • the latch stud 210 further includes a groove for receiving the latch plate 205.
  • the carrier stops 203 include guide members 212 extending downward from the carrier stops 203 and engaging the vertical faces of the cross member 103 for maintaining stable engagement along the length of the cross member.
  • the adjustment screw 208 is rotatably connected to an angled gear housing 214, the gear housing including a quick release fitting 216 connected to a gear shaft opposite the adjustment screw connection, the quick release fitting 216 engaging a removable crank handle (not shown) for rotating the adjustment screw 208 for adjustment of the operating position of the carrier stops 203.
  • the adjustment screw 208 further includes an enlarged diameter end flange 218 opposite the gear housing 214, and engaging the adjacent carrier stop 203 to limit carrier stop travel preventing disengagement of the carrier stop 203 from the adjustment screw 208.
  • the carrier support assemblies 202 include, as shown in Figure 4B, a front carrier support plate 220 and a rear carrier support plate 221 attached to either face of vertical column 201; at least two connecting axles (not shown) and rollers 222 for slidably engaging the cross member 103.
  • each carrier support assembly 202 includes at least two connecting axles and rollers 222 for engaging the top surface of the cross member 103, and at least two connecting axles and rollers 222 for engaging the lower surface of the cross member 103, the rollers 222 having larger diameter outer flanges for stable engagement with the vertical faces of cross member 103.
  • the latch plate 205 is movably attached to the front carrier support plate 220, the latch plate 205 including a notch 224 at one end, the latch plate moving adjacent the notched end in a manner that allows the latch plate 205 to engage the carrier stop latch studs 210 in operating position and be disengaged from the carrier stops 203 for movement of the carrier assemblies 200 apart.
  • the latch plate 205 is perforated at the other end for engagement 226 with manual release handle 206 for moving latch plate 205 up and down to effect engagement with, or disengagement from the carrier stop latch studs 210.
  • the operating position of the carrier stops 203 can be set using the lateral position adjustment assembly 204, after which the carrier assemblies 200 can be quickly and easily latched into operating position or released using release handle 206 and moved apart for routine maintenance of the apparatus as shown in Figure 6, Figure 7, Figure 8, and Figure 9.
  • the notched latch plate 205 is perforated 226 at the end opposite notch 224 for engagement with the manual release handle 206, the latch plate 205 containing an additional oblong or curved slot 228 near notch 224 to allow pivot, and a further perforation 230 between slot 228 and release handle perforation 226, for attachment to connection 232 and pivot connection 234 on the front carrier support plate 220 in a manner to allow latch plate 205 to move up and down within a confined distance in response to movement of the manual release handle 206.
  • At least one picker bank support bracket 207 is attached to vertical column 201 near the mid-point and extending below the mid point of the length of vertical column 201, wherein, as shown in Figure 5 A and Figure 5B, the picker bank support bracket 207 includes a support plate 236 having slots 238 for slidably mounting eyelets 240 on adjustable support assemblies 242 engaging adjustment screws 246.
  • the adjustment screws 246 are connected to the support plate 236 through mounts 248 in a manner that allows rotation of adjustment screws 246.
  • the eyelets 240 and support assemblies 242 are capable of securely engaging the picker bank assemblies 300 (Figure 1) in a manner that allows the alignment of the operating face of the picker bank assemblies 300 ( Figure 1) to be adjusted at a forward or reverse angle from vertical for optimum contact with the avian carcass being defeathered.
  • the picker bank assemblies 300 of the apparatus as shown in Figure 1OA,
  • Figure 1OB, Figure 1OC, Figure 11, Figure 12, and Figure 13 include a housing 301 and frame 302 for supporting the picker disk drive system, including at least one drive motor 305, at least one drive belt 307, at least one drive pulley 309, a plurality of picker disks 303 and picker disk pulleys 311, at least one drive belt tensioner 313 for engaging drive belt 307 with varying degree of force for adjusting slack in the drive belt, a plurality of mounting studs 317 attached to the frame end plate 319 for engaging the picker bank support brackets 207, and at least one return pulley 315 to return the drive belt 307 to engagement with tensioner 313.
  • the picker disk drive system including at least one drive motor 305, at least one drive belt 307, at least one drive pulley 309, a plurality of picker disks 303 and picker disk pulleys 311, at least one drive belt tensioner 313 for engaging drive belt 307 with varying degree of force for adjusting slack
  • the picker bank drive system of the apparatus includes at least one drive motor 305 centrally located along the picker bank frame 302 within a set of picker discs 303 disposed in lateral alignment within the housing, the drive motor 305 and drive pulley 309 being engaged with the picker disk pulleys 311 with a double- ribbed drive belt 307, the drive system further including at least one spring loaded drive belt tensioner 313.
  • the configuration of the mounting studs 317 is identical on each end of the picker bank assemblies 300 of the invention, thus the picker bank assemblies 300 of the invention are capable of installation on either side of the apparatus, in either the upper or lower position.
  • each picker bank assembly 300 has at least two drive motors 305 and drive pulleys 309, each of which are located along the picker bank frame 302 in a position central to a set of picker discs 303 disposed in lateral alignment within the housing, at least two drive belts 307, each engaging separate drive motors 305, drive pulleys 309 and sets of picker disk pulleys 311, at least two spring loaded drive belt tensioners 313, and at least two return pulleys 315 comprising a common idler assembly mounted at an angle to maintain uniform spacing of the picker disk pulleys 311 at the end of each set of picker discs 303 relative to the spacing of the picker disk pulleys 311 within each set of picker discs 303.
  • the spring loaded drive belt tensioners 313 include a compression spring guide 327 threaded on at least one end and penetrating the frame end plate 319.
  • the compression spring guide 327 may be interference fit to the end plate 319, or loose fit to the end plate 319 and retained by any suitable fastener on the outside face of end plate 319.
  • the spring loaded drive belt tensioners 313 further include a pulley 321 for engaging drive belt 307, a pivot block 323, pivot shaft 324, mounting bracket 325 attached to frame 302, compression spring retainer 328, and limit collar 329 to limit compression of the compression spring 331.
  • a drive belt retaining mechanism 340 is shown.
  • the mechanism 340 is associated with each motor 305 on the inner face of each picker bank assembly 300 and is adapted and operable to substantially retain or assist in retaining the associated drive belt 307 in its proper operating position.
  • the mechanism 340 broadly comprises a retainer 342, a retainer bar 344, and one or more fasteners 346.
  • the retainer 342 is adapted to support the drive belt 307 as it moves over or about the drive pulley 309.
  • the retainer 342 includes center belt surface 348, first side 350, and second side 352 concave surfaces, as well as one or more through- holes for mounting and securing the retainer 342 to the inner face of the picker bank assembly.
  • the concave surfaces are arcuate low friction surfaces, and the center concave belt surface, which is opposed to the drive pulley, approximately matches the arc of the drive pulley and has approximately the same diameter.
  • the drive pulley 309 is substantially located at least partially within the concavity provided by the center concave surface 348 such that the toothed periphery of the drive pulley 309 and the center concave surface 348 cooperate to form a belt channel within which the drive belt 307 moves, thereby supporting and maintaining the drive belt 307 against and engaged with the drive pulley 309.
  • the retainer 342 may be constructed of any suitable material and shape (consistent with the requirements set forth below), such as the plastic one-piece design shown in the Figures. Especially during start up, the belt may separate from the drive pulley. When this separation occurs, the belt contacts the center concave surface 348 and maintains driving engagement between the belt and drive pulley.
  • the belt channel width is approximately equal to the belt thickness, and in an alternate embodiment the belt channel width is less than the belt thickness. In one embodiment, the belt channel width leaves just enough distance between the belt and center surface to allow the belt to move through the belt channel without substantially contacting the center surface during normal operation.
  • the belt is installed and removed by sliding the belt and its teeth into and out of the pulley grooves.
  • the center surface extends, in one embodiment at least approximately one inch of the circumference of the driver pulley, and in an alternate embodiment it extends at least approximately three inches over the circumference of the drive pulley. In another embodiment, the retainer extends for approximately one-quarter of the circumference of
  • the retainer extends for approximately one third of the drive pulley circumference.
  • the first and second side concave surfaces 350,352 are provided to allow sufficient clearance between the retainer 342 and the adjacent picker disk pulleys 311 so as not to inhibit or otherwise interfere with the proper movement and operation of the picker disk pulleys 311.
  • the side concave surfaces approximately match the arc of the disc pulleys and have approximately the same diameter.
  • Rounded corners 343 separate the concave surfaces, and in one embodiment the belt surface flares or opens as it extends toward the corners, so that its spacing from the drive pulley increases as does the width of the belt channel at the belt channel ends. This provides a relief for the belt to transition smoothly from the drive pulley to adjacent pulleys.
  • the depth of these concave surfaces will depend on the necessary clearance, and, furthermore, that the first or second side concave surfaces 350,352 can be eliminated in cases in which the drive pulley 309 and picker disk pulleys 311 are sufficiently separated or spaced apart that the retainer 342 can be properly positioned relative to the drive pulley 309 without risking or causing interference with the picker disk pulleys 311.
  • an attachment channel or other recess 356 may be provided in an outward surface of the retainer 342 to receive the retainer bar 344 and allow for maintaining the retainer bar 344 and/or the one or more fasteners 346 substantially flush with said outward surface.
  • the retainer bar 344 cooperates with the one or more fasteners 346 to secure the retainer 342 to the inner face of the picker bank assembly. More specifically, the retainer bar 344 is an elongated piece of material having one or more through-holes which, when the retainer bar 344 is properly installed, align with the one or more through-holes in the retainer 342.
  • the retainer bar 344 may be constructed of any suitable material and shape, such as, for example, the elongated substantially rectangular piece of steel shown in the Figures.
  • the one or more fasteners 346 cooperate with the retainer bar 344 to secure the retainer 342 to the inner face of the picker bank assembly.
  • the one or more fasteners 346 pass through the aligned through-holes of the retainer 342 and retainer bar 344 and are secured to or relative to the inner face of the picker bank assembly.
  • the one or more fasteners 346 may be constructed of any suitable material and shape, such as, for example, the two threaded 3/8-16 x 3 inch steel hex cap bolts with 3/8 lock washers shown in the Figures and which are screwed into corresponding threaded recesses in the inner face of the picker bank assembly.
  • the retainer is asymmetrical.
  • the apparatus of Figure 1 is assembled with a plurality of picker fingers (not shown) installed on each picker disk 303, picker bank assemblies 300 are mounted to support brackets 207 on carrier assemblies 200.
  • Carrier stops 203 are adjusted to optimum position by rotation of adjustment screw 208, and the carrier assemblies 200 are then latched in operational position with latch plates 205 engaged with latch studs 210 of carrier stops 203.
  • the drive motors 305 are started causing picker disks 303 to rotate, avian carcasses are placed in shackles for conveying along the conveyor rail 105, and are then conveyed through the apparatus for defeathering.
  • the drive motors After defeathering of the avian carcasses is complete, the drive motors
  • each carrier support assembly 202 can be released and the carrier assemblies 200 with picker bank assemblies 300 can be fully moved away from the center of the apparatus, as shown in Figure 9 for easy cleaning and maintenance, following which the carrier assemblies 200 can be quickly returned and latched in operational position.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Structure Of Belt Conveyors (AREA)

Abstract

Un appareil plumeur pour plumer une volaille ou un autre oiseau dans une installation de traitement de produits alimentaires comprend un ensemble plumeur à fixation universelle (300) comprenant un système d'entraînement de courroie permettant d'entraîner une pluralité d'éléments plumeurs rotatifs (303) à l'aide d'un moteur d'entraînement (305) disposé centralement relativement aux éléments plumeurs (303), et un réglage de positionnement à libération rapide permettant le fonctionnement des composants d'un appareil plumeur. Un dispositif de retenue de courroie (342) fonctionne pour maintenir un contact d'entraînement entre une courroie (307) et une poulie d'entraînement (309).
PCT/US2006/026930 2005-08-05 2006-07-11 Dispositif de retenue de courroie d'entrainement pour appareil plumeur WO2007018914A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/198,539 US20050280197A1 (en) 2004-01-26 2005-08-05 Drive belt retainer for picker apparatus
US11/198,539 2005-08-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007018914A1 true WO2007018914A1 (fr) 2007-02-15

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WO (1) WO2007018914A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IL160417A (en) 2004-02-16 2011-04-28 Mosaid Technologies Inc Unit added to the outlet

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US2800300A (en) * 1955-05-23 1957-07-23 Joy Mfg Co Sheave block construction
US3949969A (en) * 1973-02-15 1976-04-13 Carl Kaufer Cable winch
US4961248A (en) * 1990-01-19 1990-10-09 Johnson Food Equipment, Inc. Scalder apparatus
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US20030139129A1 (en) * 2002-01-18 2003-07-24 Robert Clarke Poultry processing hub and belt assembly

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JP2880401B2 (ja) * 1994-03-18 1999-04-12 本田技研工業株式会社 無端状動力伝達帯の歯飛び防止構造
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NL1011200C2 (nl) * 1999-02-02 2000-08-03 Meyn Maschf Inrichting voor het vastgrijpen van de poten van gevogelte.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2452306A (en) * 1947-05-26 1948-10-26 Deere Mfg Co Power belt retaining device
US2800300A (en) * 1955-05-23 1957-07-23 Joy Mfg Co Sheave block construction
US3949969A (en) * 1973-02-15 1976-04-13 Carl Kaufer Cable winch
US4961248A (en) * 1990-01-19 1990-10-09 Johnson Food Equipment, Inc. Scalder apparatus
US5205219A (en) * 1991-04-03 1993-04-27 Marc Groskreutz Skier rope towing apparatus and winch therefor
US20030139129A1 (en) * 2002-01-18 2003-07-24 Robert Clarke Poultry processing hub and belt assembly

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