WO2007018125A1 - 電子写真用トナー - Google Patents
電子写真用トナー Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007018125A1 WO2007018125A1 PCT/JP2006/315411 JP2006315411W WO2007018125A1 WO 2007018125 A1 WO2007018125 A1 WO 2007018125A1 JP 2006315411 W JP2006315411 W JP 2006315411W WO 2007018125 A1 WO2007018125 A1 WO 2007018125A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- toner
- clay
- formula
- carbon atoms
- alkyl group
- Prior art date
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- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910021647 smectite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical group N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001061127 Thione Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 24
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- -1 aliphatic alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 22
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 9
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 6
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 5
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 4
- ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N (+)-propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 3
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-propanediol Substances OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- KWLMIXQRALPRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L hectorite Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-].[OH-].[Na+].[Mg+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]([O-])(O1)O[Si]1([O-])O2 KWLMIXQRALPRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910000271 hectorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic anhydride Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane-1,5-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCO ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OZCRKDNRAAKDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-1-ene-1,4-diol Chemical compound O[CH][CH]CCO OZCRKDNRAAKDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AYOHIQLKSOJJQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyltin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn]CCCC AYOHIQLKSOJJQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004698 iron complex Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- XKBGEWXEAPTVCK-UHFFFAOYSA-M methyltrioctylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCC[N+](C)(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC XKBGEWXEAPTVCK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- JWHOQZUREKYPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubonic acid Natural products CC1(C)CCC2(CCC3(C)C(=CCC4C5(C)CCC(=O)C(C)(C)C5CC(=O)C34C)C2C1)C(=O)O JWHOQZUREKYPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XVOUMQNXTGKGMA-OWOJBTEDSA-N (E)-glutaconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C\C=C\C(O)=O XVOUMQNXTGKGMA-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALVZNPYWJMLXKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,9-Nonanediol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCCO ALVZNPYWJMLXKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLAXZGYLWOGCBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dodecylbutanedioic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O YLAXZGYLWOGCBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LHTHJEKMSNYGHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-octylheptadecan-9-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(N)(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC LHTHJEKMSNYGHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GJCOSYZMQJWQCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-xanthene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 GJCOSYZMQJWQCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002012 Aerosil® Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REEFSLKDEDEWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloraniformethan Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(NC(NC=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)C=C1Cl REEFSLKDEDEWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical group [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010919 Copernicia prunifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000180278 Copernicia prunifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000721047 Danaus plexippus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241001282736 Oriens Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiazole Chemical compound C1=CSC=N1 FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical group [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Natural products CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000751 azo group Chemical group [*]N=N[*] 0.000 description 1
- POJOORKDYOPQLS-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium(2+) 5-chloro-2-[(2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)diazenyl]-4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].C1=C(Cl)C(C)=CC(N=NC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=2O)=C1S([O-])(=O)=O.C1=C(Cl)C(C)=CC(N=NC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=2O)=C1S([O-])(=O)=O POJOORKDYOPQLS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- CJPQIRJHIZUAQP-MRXNPFEDSA-N benalaxyl-M Chemical compound CC=1C=CC=C(C)C=1N([C@H](C)C(=O)OC)C(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 CJPQIRJHIZUAQP-MRXNPFEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004203 carnauba wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013869 carnauba wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- HBHZKFOUIUMKHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1982121 Chemical compound OC1=CC=C2C=CC=CC2=C1N=NC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O HBHZKFOUIUMKHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N citraconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C\C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940018557 citraconic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QYQADNCHXSEGJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,1-dicarboxylate;hydron Chemical compound OC(=O)C1(C(O)=O)CCCCC1 QYQADNCHXSEGJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FOTKYAAJKYLFFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane-1,10-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCCCO FOTKYAAJKYLFFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- JGFBRKRYDCGYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl(oxo)tin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](=O)CCCC JGFBRKRYDCGYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004455 differential thermal analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- REZZEXDLIUJMMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethyldioctadecylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC REZZEXDLIUJMMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- PLYDMIIYRWUYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 4-[[2-chloro-4-[3-chloro-4-[(3-ethoxycarbonyl-5-oxo-1-phenyl-4h-pyrazol-4-yl)diazenyl]phenyl]phenyl]diazenyl]-5-oxo-1-phenyl-4h-pyrazole-3-carboxylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=NN(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)C1N=NC(C(=C1)Cl)=CC=C1C(C=C1Cl)=CC=C1N=NC(C(=N1)C(=O)OCC)C(=O)N1C1=CC=CC=C1 PLYDMIIYRWUYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-O ethylaminium Chemical compound CC[NH3+] QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXCBDZAEHILGLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptane-1,7-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCO SXCBDZAEHILGLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)O ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QDLAGTHXVHQKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N lichenxanthone Natural products COC1=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C3=C(C)C=C(OC)C=C3OC2=C1 QDLAGTHXVHQKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940002712 malachite green oxalate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- NQMRYBIKMRVZLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylamine hydrochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[NH3+]C NQMRYBIKMRVZLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CXKWCBBOMKCUKX-UHFFFAOYSA-M methylene blue Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C3N=C21 CXKWCBBOMKCUKX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000907 methylthioninium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZUZLIXGTXQBUDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyltrioctylammonium Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[N+](C)(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC ZUZLIXGTXQBUDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopropylene glycol Natural products CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000273 nontronite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VIKNJXKGJWUCNN-XGXHKTLJSA-N norethisterone Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@@H]2[C@H]3CC[C@](C)([C@](CC4)(O)C#C)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 VIKNJXKGJWUCNN-XGXHKTLJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEIJHBUUFURJLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane-1,8-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCO OEIJHBUUFURJLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000259 polyoxyethylene lauryl ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940051201 quinoline yellow Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IZMJMCDDWKSTTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoline yellow Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(C3C(C4=CC=CC=C4C3=O)=O)=CC=C21 IZMJMCDDWKSTTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012752 quinoline yellow Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004172 quinoline yellow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012763 reinforcing filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940043267 rhodamine b Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019553 satiation Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium titanate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005792 styrene-acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000001016 thiazine dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08784—Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775
- G03G9/08797—Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775 characterised by their physical properties, e.g. viscosity, solubility, melting temperature, softening temperature, glass transition temperature
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08742—Binders for toner particles comprising macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- G03G9/08755—Polyesters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08784—Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775
- G03G9/08795—Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775 characterised by their chemical properties, e.g. acidity, molecular weight, sensitivity to reactants
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/097—Plasticisers; Charge controlling agents
- G03G9/09708—Inorganic compounds
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/097—Plasticisers; Charge controlling agents
- G03G9/09708—Inorganic compounds
- G03G9/09716—Inorganic compounds treated with organic compounds
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/097—Plasticisers; Charge controlling agents
- G03G9/09733—Organic compounds
- G03G9/09741—Organic compounds cationic
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/097—Plasticisers; Charge controlling agents
- G03G9/09783—Organo-metallic compounds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrophotographic toner used for developing a latent image formed in, for example, an electrophotographic method, an electrostatic recording method, an electrostatic printing method, or the like.
- Patent Document 1 JP 2004-117651 A
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-8-6295
- the present invention relates to a binder resin, a colorant, and a smectite type clay represented by the formula (A):
- R 1 and R 2 are not the same R 1 is an alkyl group, an alkyl group or an alkyl group having 4 to 24 carbon atoms, and R 2 is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- Alkenyl group or alkynyl group, X— represents an anion
- the present invention relates to an electrophotographic toner comprising a clay-organic complex obtained by intercalating a quaternary ammonia salt represented by the formula: Detailed Description of the Invention
- the present invention relates to an electrophotographic toner having a high saturation charge amount and excellent image characteristics.
- the toner for electrophotography of the present invention has an excellent effect in image characteristics with a high saturation charge amount.
- the electrophotographic toner of the present invention contains a binder resin, a colorant, and a clay organic composite.
- the binder resin it is more preferable that a crystalline polyester and an amorphous polyester, which preferably contain polyester, are used in combination.
- the ratio between the softening point and the maximum peak temperature of the endotherm measured by the differential scanning calorimeter that is, the crystallinity index defined by the maximum peak temperature of the softening point Z endotherm.
- this value exceeds 1.5, the resin is amorphous, and when it is less than 0.6, the crystallinity is low and there are many amorphous parts.
- the crystallinity of the resin can be adjusted by the type and ratio of the raw material monomers, production conditions (for example, reaction temperature, reaction time, cooling rate) and the like.
- polyester crystallization can be promoted by combining aliphatic alcohols and aliphatic carboxylic acid compounds having the same short molecular chain and relatively easily arranged as raw materials. .
- the maximum peak temperature of endotherm tends to increase as the crystallinity with higher crystallinity increases, and can be adjusted, for example, by the ratio of the monomer that promotes crystallization or the monomer that promotes non-crystallization.
- the maximum endothermic peak temperature refers to the peak temperature on the highest temperature side among the observed endothermic peaks. If the difference between the maximum peak temperature and the softening point is within 20 ° C, the melting point is assumed, and the peak where the difference from the softening point exceeds 20 ° C is the peak due to the glass transition.
- the crystalline polyester in the present invention refers to those having a crystallinity index of 0.6 to 1.5.
- the crystallinity index of the crystalline polyester is preferably 0.8 to 1.3, more preferably 0.9 to 1.1, and still more preferably 0.95 to 1.05, from the viewpoint of low-temperature fixability.
- the amorphous polyester in the present invention refers to a resin having a crystallinity index greater than 1.5 or less than 0.6, preferably greater than 1.5.
- Both the crystalline polyester and the amorphous polyester are obtained using an alcohol component and a carboxylic acid component as raw material monomers.
- alcohol components include ethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,7-heptanediol, 1,8 -Octanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, 1,10-decanediol, 1,4-butenediol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol, neopentyl glycol, 2-butyl-2-ethyl Aliphatic diols such as 1,3-propanediol; polyoxypropylene (2.2) -2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenol) propane, polyoxyethylene (2.2) -2,2-bis (4- (Hydroxypheny
- R is an alkylene group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms
- X and y are positive numbers
- the sum of x and y is 1 to 16, preferably 1.5 to 5.0
- An aromatic diol such as an alkylene oxide adduct of bisphenol A represented by the formula: a trihydric or higher polyhydric alcohol such as dalyserin or pentaerythritol.
- alcohol components that promote crystallization of polyester include ethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6- Examples thereof include aliphatic diols having 2 to 6 carbon atoms such as hexanediol and 1,4-butenediol.
- the carboxylic acid component includes oxalic acid, malonic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, citraconic acid, itaconic acid, glutaconic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, azelaic acid, n-dodecyl succinic acid, n -Aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as dodece-succinic acid; Alicyclic dicarboxylic acids such as cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid; Aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as phthalic acid, isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid; Trivalents such as trimellitic acid and pyrrolemetic acid And polyhydric carboxylic acids as described above; and anhydrides and alkyl (C1-3) esters of these acids.
- carboxylic acid components that promote crystallization of polyester include fatty acids having 2 to 6 carbon atoms such as oxalic acid, malonic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, and adipic acid. Group dicarboxylic acid compounds and the like.
- the monovalent alcohol and monovalent power rubonic acid compound do not impair the effects of the present invention as the raw material monomer! /, Included as appropriate in the range! Well! /
- the polyester is obtained by polycondensation of an alcohol component and a carboxylic acid component, for example, in an inert gas atmosphere, if necessary, in the presence of an esterification catalyst.
- the reaction temperature is preferably 120 to 230 ° C in the production of crystalline polyester, and more preferably 200 to 250 ° C in the production of amorphous polyester.
- an ⁇ , ⁇ -linear alkanediol is preferred among aliphatic diols having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and 1,6-hexanediol is preferred. Is more preferable.
- the carboxylic acid component fumaric acid is preferred from the viewpoint of promoting crystallization of polyester.
- the crystalline polyester contains 60 mol% or more, preferably 70 mol% of an alcohol component and fumaric acid containing an aliphatic diol having 2 to 6 carbon atoms in an amount of 60 mol% or more, preferably 70 mol% or more.
- Preferred is a resin obtained by polycondensation of a carboxylic acid component containing at least 10%.
- the melting point of the crystalline polyester is preferably 70 to 150 ° C, more preferably 90 to 130 ° C.
- the softening point of the amorphous polyester is preferably 80 to 160 ° C, more preferably 90 to 150 ° C.
- the glass transition point is preferably 50 to 75 ° C, more preferably 53 to 65 ° C.
- the acid value of the crystalline polyester and the amorphous polyester is preferably 3 to 40 mgKOH / g.
- the weight ratio of amorphous polyester to crystalline polyester is preferably 60/40 to 99/1, more preferably 70Z30 to 95Z5.
- the total content of the amorphous polyester and the crystalline polyester is preferably 50% by weight or more, more preferably 70% by weight or more, and still more preferably 90% by weight or more.
- binder resins other than amorphous polyesters and crystalline polyesters include vinyl resins such as styrene-acrylic resins, epoxy resins, polycarbonates and polyurethanes. It is done.
- the total weight of the binder resin in the toner is preferably from 50 to 99% by weight, more preferably from 60 to 97% by weight, and even more preferably from 70 to 95% by weight, from the viewpoint of chargeability and fixing properties.
- the colorant is not particularly limited and may be a known colorant, which can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. Specifically, Carbon Black, Chrome Yellow, Hansa Yellow, Benzine Yellow, Slen Yellow, Quinoline Yellow, Permanent Orange GTR, Pyrazolone Orange, Vulcan Orange, Watch Young Red, Permanent Red, Briliancamine 3B, Briliancamine 6B, Dupont Oil Red, Pyrazolone Red, Resor Red, Rhodamine B Lake, Lake Red C, Benganore, Anilin Bunole, Unoletramarine Blue, Calco Oil Blue, Methylene Blue Mouth Ride, Phthalocyanine Blue, Phthalocyanine Green, Malachite Green Oxalate, etc.
- Pigments atalidine, xanthene, azo, benzoquinone, azine, anthraquinone, indico, thioindico, phthalo Cyanine-based, ⁇ diphosphoric black dyes, polymethine dyes, bird whistle two Noremeta down system, Jifue - Rumetan dyes, thiazine dyes, various dyes thiazole and the like can be used together on one or two or more kinds.
- the content of the colorant in the toner is preferably 1 to 15% by weight, more preferably 2 to 10% by weight, and further preferably 3 to 8% by weight.
- the toner of the present invention has a great feature in that it contains a clay organic complex obtained by intercalating a specific quaternary ammonium salt into smectite type clay.
- the powerful clay organic composite has high performance as a saturation charge improver, especially as a negative charge saturation charge improver, and is uniform in the toner without special adjustment of toner manufacturing conditions and additives. Can be dispersed.
- the smectite-type clay includes natural smectite-type clays such as hectorite, sabonite, stevensite, piderite, montmorillonite, nontronite, bentonite, chemically synthesized synthetic smectite-type clays, substitutes and derivatives thereof, and These mixtures can be mentioned.
- the cation exchange capacity of the smectite clay is preferably 70 meq or more per 100 g of clay, more preferably 85 to 130 meq.
- the content of non-clay impurities in the smectite-type clay used in the present invention is preferably 10% by weight or less.
- the fourth grade ammonium salt has the formula (A):
- R 1 and R 2 are not the same alkyl group, alkenyl group or alkynyl group, preferably an alkyl group or alkenyl group, more preferably an alkynyl group.
- the three R 1 groups may be the same or different.
- the alkyl group, alkenyl group or alkyl group represented by R 1 has 4 to 24 carbon atoms, preferably 6 to 20, more preferably 8-18.
- the carbon number of the alkyl group, the alkyl group or the alkyl group represented by R 2 is 1 to 10, preferably 1 to 8, more preferably 1 to 6, and still more preferably 1. ⁇ 2.
- ammonium ion in the formula examples include trioctyl 'methyl.ammonium ion, tristearyl' ethyl 'ammonium ion, trioctyl' ethyl 'ammonium ion, tristearyl' methyl 'ammonium ion. Tridecyl 'hexyl' ammonium ion, tritetradecyl 'propyl' ammonium ion, and the like. Among these, trioctyl methyl ammonium ion and tristearyl ethyl ammonium ion are preferred.
- X— is an anion.
- Examples of powerful anions include X—Cl—, Br—, OH—, NO— and the like.
- a method for obtaining a clay organic complex by intercalating a quaternary ammonium salt into a smectite type clay for example, an exchangeable cation of a smectite type clay and a trioctyl 'methyl' ammonium ion are used. Examples include ion exchange.
- More specific methods include, for example, a method in which a quaternary ammonium salt is added to a suspension of smectite type clay in which smectite type clay is dispersed in water and reacted. It is done.
- the solid (smectite type clay) dispersion concentration in the suspension is not particularly limited as long as the smectite type clay can be dispersed, but is preferably about 1 to 5% by weight. In this case, you can use smectite clay that has been freeze-dried.
- the amount of quaternary ammonium salt depends on the cation exchange capacity of the smectite type clay and the quaternary ammonium salt. Although it is preferable to adjust the molar ion to be equivalent, it can be produced in an amount smaller than this, and an excessive amount may be added to the cation exchange capacity. Specifically, the amount of quaternary ammonia ions is preferably 0.5 to 1.5 times (milli equivalents), more preferably 0.8 to 1.2 times the cation exchange capacity of smectite clay. Is desired.
- reaction temperature between the smectite-type clay and the quaternary ammonium salt is preferably below the decomposition point of the quaternary ammonium salt.
- the solid-liquid is separated, and the resulting organic clay complex is washed with water or hot water to remove the by-product electrolyte, and then dried, and pulverized as necessary to pulverize the organic clay. A complex is obtained.
- clay organic complex is chemical analysis, X-ray diffraction, NMR, infrared absorption spectrum, thermobalance, differential thermal analysis, rheology of high polarity solvent system, swelling power in high polarity organic solvent, color tone Etc. by selecting the method using the method according to the purpose and combining them appropriately
- the formation of a clay organic complex can be easily confirmed by measuring the size of the 001 bottom reflection.
- the raw smectite-type clay is 10A in the dehydrated state and has a bottom surface spacing of 12 to 16A under normal temperature and humidity, but the clay organic composite in the present invention has a bottom surface spacing of about 18A.
- the content of the clay organic complex in the toner is preferably 0.1 to 8% by weight, more preferably 0.4 to 4% by weight, and still more preferably 0.9 to 3% by weight.
- a known charge control agent may be appropriately contained in the range not impairing the effects of the present invention, in addition to the clay organic complex as the saturation charge amount improver.
- an iron complex is used in combination with an aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acid metal complex in terms of the standpoint of rising charge.
- iron complexes As iron complexes, azo iron complexes are preferred.
- R 3 and R 4 are each independently a halogen atom or a -tro group
- R 5 and R 6 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, and a carbon number of 1 to 3.
- alkali metal ions such as H +, Na +, K + and Li +, NH
- Monovalent cations such as +; divalent cations such as Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , Zn 2+ and the like.
- NH +, H + and Na + are preferred, which are preferred to monovalent cations.
- a chlorine atom that is preferably a halogen atom is more preferable.
- R 5 and R 6 are preferably CO—NH— (CH 3) groups.
- the content of the iron complex in the toner is preferably 0.1 to 8% by weight, more preferably 0.4 to 4% by weight, and still more preferably 0.9 to 2% by weight.
- the aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acid metal complex has the formula (III):
- R 7 and R 8 are alkyl groups having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably a tert-butyl group, and M represents chromium, iron or zinc).
- aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acid metal complexes include "Bontron E-81” and “Bontron E-84” (manufactured by Orient Chemical Industries).
- the content of the aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acid metal complex in the toner is preferably 0.1 to 8% by weight, more preferably 0.4 to 4% by weight, and still more preferably 0.9 to 2% by weight.
- a release agent a conductivity adjusting agent, an extender pigment, a reinforcing filler such as a fibrous substance, an additive such as an antioxidant, an anti-aging agent, and a magnetic substance are appropriately added. It may be added.
- the toner of the present invention can be produced by a known method such as a kneading and pulverizing method, an emulsion aggregation method, a spray drying method, or a polymerization method.
- a general method for producing a pulverized toner by a kneading pulverization method for example, a binder resin, a colorant, a charge control agent, etc. are uniformly mixed with a mixer such as a ball mill, and then sealed- Examples thereof include a method of melting and kneading with a twin or twin screw extruder, cooling, pulverizing and classifying.
- a fluidity improver such as hydrophobic silica may be added to the coarsely pulverized product in the production process or the surface of the obtained toner, if necessary.
- the volume median particle size (D) of the toner of the present invention is 3
- volume median particle size (D) is the volume fraction.
- the cumulative volume frequency calculated by the ratio means the particle size that is 50% of the smaller particle size.
- the electrophotographic toner of the present invention can be used as a one-component developing toner as it is, or as a two-component developer by mixing with a carrier, and also used for misalignment between the one-component developing method and the two-component developing method. It is out.
- the temperature was raised to 200 ° C and Measure the temperature of the sample cooled to 0 ° C at a rate of 10 ° C / min and a rate of temperature increase of 10 ° C / min.
- the peak temperature at the highest temperature is taken as the highest endothermic peak temperature.
- the peak temperature is taken as the melting point.
- the baseline extension is lower than the maximum endothermic peak temperature and below the peak temperature observed at the temperature, and the rise of the peak The temperature at the point of intersection with the tangent that indicates the maximum slope to the peak of the partial force peak is read as the glass transition point.
- the crystallinity index is calculated from the soft spot measured according to the above and the highest endothermic peak temperature using the following formula.
- Diameter of apachiya 100 m
- Electrolyte Isoton II (Beckman Coulter, Inc.) Dispersion: Emulgen 109P (Kao Corporation, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, HLB: 13.6) 5% electrolyte
- Dispersion condition Add 10 mg of measurement sample to 5 ml of dispersion, disperse for 1 minute with an ultrasonic disperser, then add 25 ml of electrolyte, and disperse for 1 minute with an ultrasonic disperser.
- Measurement conditions Add 100 ml of electrolyte solution and dispersion into a beaker, measure 30,000 particles at a concentration that can measure the particle size of 30,000 particles in 20 seconds, and determine the median volume from the particle size distribution Find the particle size (D)
- Huma fiber —— 551 g (95) 435 g (75) 2320 g (100)
- Clay-organic composite B was produced in the same manner as clay organic composite A, except that 13.5 g of tristearyl-ethyl-ammonium chloride was used instead of trioctylmethyl-ammonium chloride.
- Clay organic composite D was produced in the same manner as clay organic composite A, except that 11.5 g of dimethyl ditetradecyl-an ammonium chloride was used instead of trioctyl 'methyl ammonium chloride.
- a clay organic composite E was produced in the same manner as the clay organic composite A, except that 20 g of synthetic smectite having a montmorillonite composition was used instead of the synthetic smectite having a hectorite composition.
- the binder resin, clay organic composite, charge control agent, colorant or magnetic powder, and wax shown in Table 2 were put into a 5 L Henschel mixer and stirred at 3600 r / min for 5 minutes.
- the obtained mixture was melt-kneaded at 200 r / min using a co-rotating twin-screw extruder (total length of kneading part: 1560 mm, screw diameter: 42 mm, barrel inner diameter 43 mm), and then cooled.
- the set temperature inside the tool was 100 ° C
- the outlet temperature of the kneaded product was about 150 ° C
- the feed rate of the mixture was 10 kg
- the average residence time was about 18 seconds.
- the cooled product is coarsely pulverized, finely pulverized by a jet mill, and further classified to obtain a volume-median particle size (
- an external additive was added and mixed with a Henschel mixer to obtain a toner.
- a hydrophobic silica “TS720” manufactured by Cabot
- a hydrophobic was used as an external additive.
- Silica “A EROSIL R972” manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.
- strontium titanate “TiSr” manufactured by Fuji Titanium Co., Ltd.
- Test Example 1 [Two-component development method]
- the toners obtained in Examples 1 to 6 and 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were mixed with 96 parts by weight of a silicone-coated ferrite carrier (manufactured by Kanto Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd., average particle size: 90 m) to prepare a two-component developer. Obtained.
- the image was mounted on a copying machine “AR-505” (manufactured by Sharp Corporation), and an unfixed image (2 cm ⁇ 12 cm) having a toner adhesion amount of 0.6 mg / cm 2 was obtained.
- An unfixed image was fixed using a fixing machine of a copying machine “AR-505” (manufactured by Sharp Corporation) under the condition that no offset occurred outside the apparatus.
- optical reflection density of the obtained image was measured using a reflection densitometer "RD-915" (manufactured by Macbeth), and the image density (optical reflection density) was evaluated according to the following evaluation criteria. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Image density is 1.4 or higher
- ⁇ Image density 1.2 or more, less than 1.4
- Test Example 2 Magnetic One-Component Development Method
- Example 7 The toner obtained in Example 7 was mounted on Laserjet 4200 (manufactured by Hewlett-Packard), and an unfixed image (2 cm ⁇ 12 cm) having a toner adhesion amount of 0.6 mg / cm 2 was obtained. An unfixed image was fixed using a fixing device of a copying machine “AR-505” (manufactured by Sharp Corporation) under the condition that no offset occurs outside the apparatus.
- Amount used indicates parts by weight.
- Cyan pigment ECB-301 (manufactured by Dainichi Seika)
- Magnetic powder MTS106HD (Toda Kogyo Co., Ltd.)
- the toners of Examples 1 to 8 have a higher saturation charge than the toners of Comparative Examples 1 to 3, It can be seen that a high image density is obtained.
- the quaternary ammonium salt having the desired structure was used even for the clay organic composite. If it is not used, it is clear that the performance as in the toner of the example cannot be obtained.
- the electrophotographic toner of the present invention can be used in, for example, electrophotography, electrostatic recording method, electrostatic printing method and the like. It is suitably used for developing a latent image formed in this way.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/995,542 US8071268B2 (en) | 2005-08-05 | 2006-08-03 | Electrophotographic toner |
DE112006002026T DE112006002026T5 (de) | 2005-08-05 | 2006-08-03 | Elektrophotographischer Toner |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2005-228705 | 2005-08-05 | ||
JP2005228705A JP4587477B2 (ja) | 2005-08-05 | 2005-08-05 | 電子写真用トナー |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2007018125A1 true WO2007018125A1 (ja) | 2007-02-15 |
Family
ID=37727310
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2006/315411 WO2007018125A1 (ja) | 2005-08-05 | 2006-08-03 | 電子写真用トナー |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US8071268B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4587477B2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112006002026T5 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007018125A1 (ja) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1970765A3 (en) * | 2007-03-16 | 2009-04-01 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Toner for developing a latent electrostatic image, and image forming method and apparatus using the toner |
JP2009271338A (ja) * | 2008-05-08 | 2009-11-19 | Ricoh Co Ltd | トナー、トナー容器、画像形成装置およびトナーの製造方法 |
EP1959305A3 (en) * | 2007-02-16 | 2009-12-02 | Xerox Corporation | Emulsion aggregation toner compositions and developers |
US8178270B2 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2012-05-15 | Zeon Corporation | Toner for development of electrostatic image |
JP2017003916A (ja) * | 2015-06-15 | 2017-01-05 | キヤノン株式会社 | トナー |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7803865B2 (en) | 2003-08-25 | 2010-09-28 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Aqueous dispersion, its production method, and its use |
US8158711B2 (en) * | 2003-08-25 | 2012-04-17 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Aqueous dispersion, its production method, and its use |
US8357749B2 (en) * | 2003-08-25 | 2013-01-22 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Coating composition and articles made therefrom |
US7763676B2 (en) * | 2003-08-25 | 2010-07-27 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Aqueous polymer dispersions and products from those dispersions |
US7858285B2 (en) * | 2006-11-06 | 2010-12-28 | Xerox Corporation | Emulsion aggregation polyester toners |
JP4900093B2 (ja) | 2007-07-04 | 2012-03-21 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | 電子写真用トナー、電子写真用現像剤、トナーカートリッジ及び画像形成方法 |
JP5464895B2 (ja) * | 2008-05-09 | 2014-04-09 | 花王株式会社 | 非接触定着用トナー |
JP2013080200A (ja) * | 2011-05-02 | 2013-05-02 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 電子写真用トナー、現像剤、及び画像形成装置 |
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US8178270B2 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2012-05-15 | Zeon Corporation | Toner for development of electrostatic image |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US8071268B2 (en) | 2011-12-06 |
DE112006002026T5 (de) | 2008-06-12 |
JP4587477B2 (ja) | 2010-11-24 |
JP2007047219A (ja) | 2007-02-22 |
US20090117482A1 (en) | 2009-05-07 |
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