WO2007013240A1 - 積層造形装置 - Google Patents
積層造形装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007013240A1 WO2007013240A1 PCT/JP2006/312387 JP2006312387W WO2007013240A1 WO 2007013240 A1 WO2007013240 A1 WO 2007013240A1 JP 2006312387 W JP2006312387 W JP 2006312387W WO 2007013240 A1 WO2007013240 A1 WO 2007013240A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- base
- liquid agent
- additive manufacturing
- manufacturing apparatus
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C13/00—Dental prostheses; Making same
- A61C13/0003—Making bridge-work, inlays, implants or the like
- A61C13/0006—Production methods
- A61C13/0019—Production methods using three dimensional printing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C13/00—Dental prostheses; Making same
- A61C13/0003—Making bridge-work, inlays, implants or the like
- A61C13/0006—Production methods
- A61C13/0013—Production methods using stereolithographic techniques
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C5/00—Filling or capping teeth
- A61C5/70—Tooth crowns; Making thereof
- A61C5/77—Methods or devices for making crowns
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/165—Processes of additive manufacturing using a combination of solid and fluid materials, e.g. a powder selectively bound by a liquid binder, catalyst, inhibitor or energy absorber
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B71/00—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00
- A63B71/08—Body-protectors for players or sportsmen, i.e. body-protecting accessories affording protection of body parts against blows or collisions
- A63B71/085—Mouth or teeth protectors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an additive manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a desired three-dimensional structure by laminating a solidified portion formed by consolidating a liquid agent and powder.
- JP-A-2004-344623 and JP-A-2005-59477 describe an additive manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a desired three-dimensional structure by laminating powders in layers on a modeling table. Yes. This will be briefly described below.
- FIG. 26 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a conventional additive manufacturing apparatus 100.
- the horizontal axes orthogonal to each other are the X and Y axes
- the vertical axis is the Z axis.
- 110 is a modeling table that can be moved up and down in the Z-axis direction
- 120 is a basket with a wall surrounding the horizontal direction of the modeling table 110
- 130 is spraying powder on the modeling table 110.
- 140 is a liquid feeder that discharges the liquid onto the molding table 110
- 150 is a leveling member that flattens the top surface of the powder sprayed on the molding table 110
- 160 is a light source for the discharged liquid. It is a light source that emits light for polymerization.
- the ridge 120 is indicated by a two-dot chain line, and the modeling table 110 therein is seen through.
- the powder feeder 130 has a powder distribution width substantially the same as the dimension of the modeling table 110 in the Y-axis direction.
- the powder feeder 130 spreads the powder on the entire surface of the modeling table 110 by moving in the X-axis direction while spreading the powder.
- the leveling member 150 has a leveling edge 151 extending in the Y-axis direction at the lower end thereof.
- the leveling member 150 moves in the X-axis direction while sliding the leveling edge 1 51 on the upper surface 122 of the rod 120.
- the liquid feeder 140 is moved in the Y-axis direction by the uniaxial guide mechanism 148.
- the uniaxial guide mechanism 148 is driven in the X-axis direction by a drive mechanism (not shown). That is, the liquid agent feeder 140 discharges the liquid agent to the modeling table 110 at a desired position while scanning the modeling table 110 in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.
- the modeling table 110 is lowered at a constant pitch by a drive mechanism (not shown). Powder is laminated on the modeling table 110 by a thickness corresponding to this one pitch.
- FIG. 27A shows a state in which a plurality of powder layers (two layers in the figure) are already laminated on the modeling table 110.
- 171 is the uppermost layer of the plurality of powder layers deposited on the modeling table 110
- 172 is a consolidated part formed by polymerization of the liquid agent of the uppermost layer 171
- 173 is one before the uppermost layer 171
- the powder layer 174 is a solidified portion formed by polymerization of the liquid agent in the powder layer 173.
- the leveling member 150 is moved in the X-axis direction to regulate the upper surface of the powder 134 to the same height as the upper surface 122 of the ridge 120. As a result, a powder layer 175 having a uniform thickness is formed on the uppermost layer 171.
- the liquid feeder 140 is moved to a predetermined position while being moved. Then, the liquid agent is discharged toward the powder layer 175.
- Reference numeral 176 denotes a portion of the powder layer 175 provided with a liquid agent.
- the light agent 160 is irradiated with light to polymerize and solidify the liquid agent applied to the powder layer 175.
- the powder in the area to which the liquid is applied is integrated.
- a consolidated portion 177 is formed in the powder layer 175.
- the modeling table 110 is lowered by a predetermined pitch, and the above-described FIGS. 27A to 27D are performed. The above steps are repeated as many times as necessary.
- a dental structure material is required to have a smooth surface.
- the smoothness of the surface in contact with the mucosal surface of the patient's oral cavity is extremely important because it greatly affects the feeling of wearing the denture.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an additive manufacturing apparatus capable of producing a three-dimensional structure that has a smooth surface at least in part and, as a result, can omit or simplify the surface smoothing process.
- the additive manufacturing apparatus of the present invention includes a holding mechanism that holds a base, a liquid agent applying device that applies a liquid agent to a predetermined position from above the base, and powder application that drops powder from above the base.
- An apparatus and a powder removing apparatus for removing unconsolidated powder on the base Prepare. Then, a liquid agent is applied by the liquid agent applying apparatus, then powder is applied by the powder applying apparatus, and the liquid agent and the powder applied on the liquid agent are consolidated, and then the liquid agent A three-dimensional structure is formed on the base by repeatedly performing the step of removing the powder that has not been consolidated with the powder removing device.
- the surface property of the base is faithfully reflected on the surface that is in contact with the base of the three-dimensional structure.
- the fine unevenness caused by can be reduced. Therefore, a three-dimensional structure having a smooth surface can be obtained. As a result, the surface smoothing process can be omitted or simplified.
- the compatibility of the denture with the mucous membrane surface is improved, and the variation in compatibility by the operator is reduced, so that the patient's need to use a denture stabilizer is reduced.
- the occlusal high diameter becomes the same as at the time of denture design, and the probability of occurrence of occlusal disorders and temporomandibular joint abnormalities caused by changes in the occlusal high diameter due to the use of denture stabilizers can be reduced.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of an additive manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view showing one step of a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure using the additive manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view showing one step of a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure using the additive manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view showing one step of a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure using the additive manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view showing one step of a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure using the additive manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view showing one step of a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure using the additive manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 3D is a cross-sectional view showing one step in a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure using the additive manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of an additive manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of an additive manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of an additive manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 7A is a cross-sectional view showing one step of a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure using the additive manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view showing one step of a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure using the additive manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 7C is a cross-sectional view showing one step of a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure using the additive manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 8A is a cross-sectional view showing one step of a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure using the additive manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view showing one step of a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure using the additive manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 8C is a cross-sectional view showing one step of a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure using the additive manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of an additive manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
- FIG. 10A is a diagram showing one step in a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure using the additive manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
- FIG. 10B is a diagram showing a step of the manufacturing method of the three-dimensional structure using the additive manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
- FIG. 10C is a diagram showing one step in a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure using the additive manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of an additive manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view of a multilayer screen type powder feeder in an additive manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
- FIG. 13A is a plan view showing an example of micropores formed in the screen of the multilayer star-type powder feeder in the additive manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
- FIG. 13B is a plan view showing another example of micropores formed in the screen of the multilayered star type powder feeder in the additive manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
- FIG. 13C is a plan view showing still another example of the fine holes formed in the screen of the multi-layered star type powder feeder in the additive manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
- FIG. 13D is a plan view showing still another example of micropores formed in the screen of the multilayered-stainless-type powder feeder in the additive manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. .
- FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of an additive manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a multilayer screen type powder feeder according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention. It is the perspective view which showed the structure.
- FIG. 16 is a bottom view of an example of a multilayer screen type powder feeder according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a bottom view of another example of the multilayer screen type powder feeder according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of another multilayer screen type powder feeder according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of still another multilayer screen type powder feeder according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.
- FIG. 20 is a front view showing a schematic configuration of a split plate type powder feeder according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention.
- FIG. 21 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of a split plate type powder feeder according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention.
- FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a three-dimensional structure according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention.
- FIG. 23A is a cross-sectional view showing a step of the method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention.
- FIG. 23B is a cross-sectional view showing a step in the method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention.
- FIG. 23C is a cross-sectional view showing a step of the method of manufacturing the three-dimensional structure according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention.
- FIG. 23D is a cross-sectional view showing a step in the method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention.
- FIG. 24 is an end view of an example of the three-dimensional structure according to Embodiment 11 of the present invention.
- FIG. 25A is an end view showing one step in a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to Embodiment 11 of the present invention.
- FIG. 25B is a cross-sectional view showing one step in the method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to Embodiment 11 of the present invention.
- FIG. 25C shows one step in a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to Embodiment 11 of the present invention. It is sectional drawing which showed.
- FIG. 25D is a cross-sectional view showing a step in the method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to Embodiment 11 of the present invention.
- FIG. 26 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of an example of a conventional additive manufacturing apparatus.
- FIG. 27A is a cross-sectional view showing one step of a manufacturing method of a three-dimensional structure using a conventional additive manufacturing apparatus.
- FIG. 27B is a cross-sectional view showing one step in a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure using a conventional additive manufacturing apparatus.
- FIG. 27C is a cross-sectional view showing a step of the manufacturing method of the three-dimensional structure using the conventional additive manufacturing apparatus.
- FIG. 27D is a cross-sectional view showing one step in a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure using a conventional additive manufacturing apparatus.
- FIG. 27E is a cross-sectional view showing one step in a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure using a conventional additive manufacturing apparatus.
- the holding mechanism is a table on which the base is placed. This makes it possible to create a relatively large three-dimensional structure.
- the holding mechanism may be a rod-shaped member inserted into the base. Thereby, a relatively small three-dimensional structure can be created.
- the powder removing device includes a rotating mechanism that rotates the base, and the unconsolidated powder is dropped and removed by gravity.
- the powder removing device includes an air nozzle that blows out air, and the unconsolidated powder is blown off by the air and removed.
- the powder removing device includes a suction nozzle for sucking air, and the unconsolidated powder is sucked and removed by the suction nozzle. In either case, unconsolidated powder can be removed by a simple method.
- the additive manufacturing apparatus of the present invention preferably further includes a vibration generating device that vibrates the holding mechanism. Thereby, unconsolidated powder can be removed easily and in a short time.
- the additive manufacturing apparatus of the present invention includes a ridge surrounding the table in the horizontal direction, a leveling member for leveling the height of the powder accumulated in the ridge, and the ridge and the table. It is preferable to further include an elevating mechanism that changes the relative position in the height direction. As a result, a three-dimensional structure can be created by laminating the solidified layer formed by applying the liquid agent onto the powder after the powder has been sprayed to a certain thickness.
- the holding mechanism is a table on which the base is placed, and the additive manufacturing apparatus includes: a ridge surrounding the periphery of the table in a horizontal direction; and a height of the powder accumulated in the tub. It is preferable to further include a leveling member for smoothing and a raising / lowering mechanism for changing a relative position in the height direction between the heel and the table. And the powder is applied in the basket by the powder application device, then the height of the powder is leveled by the leveling member, then the liquid agent is applied by the liquid agent application device, It is preferable to further form a three-dimensional structure on the three-dimensional structure by repeatedly performing the step of lowering the table relative to the basket by an elevating mechanism. This facilitates creation of a three-dimensional structure having a complicated shape such as an undercut shape.
- the additive manufacturing apparatus of the present invention further includes a three-dimensional measurement apparatus that measures the base or the three-dimensional structure formed on the base. Thereby, measurement of the shape of the base, positioning of the base with respect to the holding mechanism, measurement of the shape of the three-dimensional structure formed on the base, and the like can be easily performed.
- a plurality of screens overlapped with each other may be provided on the lower surface of the powder applying device so as to close an opening formed on the lower surface.
- each of the plurality of screens has a plurality of holes through which the powder can pass.
- the fall of the powder is controlled by controlling a relative movement with respect to at least one other screen of the plurality of screens. This makes it possible to easily control the start and stop of the powder drop regardless of the shape and size of the opening. In other words, the degree of freedom in designing the powder falling region with the power of the powder applying device is improved.
- One of the plurality of screens is preferably an endless screen in which both ends of a belt-like screen are connected in a ring shape. Endless screen continuously in one direction By moving, the powder can be stably and continuously dropped.
- the powder applying apparatus may include an inclined substrate and a plurality of divided plates arranged on the substrate.
- the plurality of divided plates are arranged in a plurality of steps in the vertical direction.
- N is a natural number
- each divider plate preferably divides the upward force powder flow into two powder flows.
- the additive manufacturing apparatus of the present invention further includes an inclination mechanism that changes the orientation of the base in at least two directions including a first direction and a second direction different from the first direction.
- the application of the liquid agent and the dropping of the powder may be performed in each of the state where the base is directed in the first direction and the state where the base is directed in the second direction.
- a dent is formed on the surface of the base, for example, a consolidated portion layer can be formed in the dent. Therefore, a three-dimensional structure having a desired shape can be easily formed regardless of the shape of the base.
- the liquid agent and the powder are solidified on the base by repeatedly applying the liquid agent and dropping the powder to the base directed in the first direction. After the first consolidated part layer is formed, the liquid agent and the powder are applied onto the base by repeatedly applying the liquid agent and dropping the powder on the base directed in the second direction.
- a second consolidated part layer formed by consolidation with the body may be formed.
- the liquid agent and the powder are solidified on the base by applying the liquid agent and dropping the powder to the base directed in the first direction.
- the step of forming the second consolidated portion layer formed by consolidation may be alternately repeated.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of an additive manufacturing apparatus 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the horizontal axes orthogonal to each other are the X axis and the Y axis, and the vertical axis is the z axis.
- the base 12 is held on the modeling table (holding mechanism) 10.
- the three-dimensional structure is laminated on the base 12.
- One end of an arm 40 whose longitudinal direction is the Y-axis direction is coupled to the modeling table 10, and the other end of the arm 40 is connected to a rotation drive mechanism (not shown).
- the rotation drive mechanism can rotate the arm 40 in the direction of the arrow 42 to reverse the modeling table 10.
- the liquid material feeder (liquid material application device) 20 also discharges the liquid material and drops it with the upward force of the base 12.
- the liquid feeder 20 is moved in the Y-axis direction by the uniaxial guide mechanism 28.
- the uniaxial guide mechanism 28 is driven in the X-axis direction by a drive mechanism (not shown). That is, the liquid feeder 20 discharges the liquid at a desired position while scanning the base 12 in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.
- the powder feeder (powder applicator) 30 has a slit 32 for dropping the powder on its lower surface.
- the powder feeder 30 has a powder spreading width that is at least the dimension of the base 12 in the Y-axis direction.
- the powder feeder 30 drops the force powder above the base 12 by moving in the X-axis direction while spraying the powder.
- a three-dimensional measurement unit 50 is provided above the modeling table 10.
- the base 12 is fixed on the modeling table 10.
- the base 12 is a replica of the patient's ridge, and its upper surface has the same shape as the mucosal surface in the patient's mouth.
- the base 1 A thin layer of a foil made of metal, resin, etc. may be applied or applied to a part or all of the surface of 2 as a gap-providing material.
- the base 12 may be accurately positioned on the modeling table 10 using the three-dimensional measurement unit 50.
- the top surface shape of the S12 may be measured.
- the liquid agent 22 is discharged from the nozzle 21 at a predetermined position while moving the liquid agent feeder 20. As a result, the liquid 22 adheres to a predetermined position on the base 12.
- the discharge of the liquid agent for forming one consolidated portion layer may be completed by one scan of the liquid agent feeder 20, or may be performed in a plurality of scans. By dividing into multiple scans, for example, when a material that swells the powder is used as the liquid agent, the progress of the powder swelling is suppressed, or the liquid agent spreads outside the desired region by suppressing the liquid bleeding. It is possible to prevent this.
- the powder 34 is dropped from the slit 32 so that the base 12 is covered with the powder 34. Then, at the portion where the liquid agent 22 is attached, the powder is swollen by the liquid agent 22 and the liquid agent 22 is polymerized to solidify the liquid agent and the powder.
- the modeling table 10 is inverted via the arm 40.
- the excess powder 34 on the base 12 excluding the powder consolidated by the liquid 22 is dropped and removed by gravity.
- a solidified portion 61 is formed on the base 12 which is formed by solidifying the liquid agent and the powder.
- a vibration generator for vibrating the modeling table 10 may be provided in the modeling table 10. Excess powder 34 can be removed easily and in a short time by vibrating the modeling table 10 when the modeling table 10 is inverted.
- a vibration generator for example, the apparatus which attached the weight with eccentricity to the rotating shaft of an electric motor can be used.
- the completed shape of the three-dimensional structure 60 on the modeling table 10 is measured using the three-dimensional measurement unit 50. May be measured.
- the three-dimensional structure 60 is separated from the base 12, and the three-dimensional structure 60 having a desired shape is obtained. If necessary, surface finishing treatment may be performed to improve surface smoothness.
- a liquid agent is first applied on the base 12, and then a powder is sprayed, and then the liquid agent and the powder are consolidated. That is, the liquid agent is first applied to the surface of the base 12 instead of the powder. Therefore, in the finally obtained three-dimensional structure 60, the surface (bottom surface) in contact with the base 12 is almost faithfully transferred to the surface of the base 12. Therefore, if the surface of the base 12 is made smooth, the same smooth surface can be obtained.
- the surface in contact with the mucosal surface can be smoothed by using the base 12 having a smooth upper surface that reproduces the shape of the mucosal surface in the oral cavity of the patient. Therefore, the surface smoothing process for this surface can be omitted or simplified.
- the dimensional accuracy caused by the surface smoothing treatment can be reduced, the compatibility does not deteriorate.
- the dental structural material can be manufactured with high accuracy in a short time without depending on highly skilled workers.
- the lamination thickness (thickness of the consolidated portion of one layer) can be changed according to the use of the three-dimensional structure. Reducing the thickness of the stack increases the resolution and improves dimensional accuracy and surface smoothness.
- the material of the powder it is possible to use any kind of granular material such as organic matter, inorganic matter, metal oxide, or a combination of one kind or plural kinds.
- the material of the powder it is preferable to consider the use of the three-dimensional structure when selecting the material.
- a material that has been widely used in dentistry it is preferable to use a material that has been widely used in dentistry in consideration of safety and workability.
- glass-based materials, various metal oxides, various ceramic materials, various polymers, or a composition in which the above materials are combined can be used.
- the surface layer of the powder may be covered with these materials.
- the resin material for example, any one of methyl metaacrylate polymer, ethyl metaacrylate polymer, and a copolymer of methyl metaacrylate and ethyl metaacrylate.
- methyl metaacrylate polymer ethyl metaacrylate polymer
- a copolymer of methyl metaacrylate and ethyl metaacrylate ethyl metaacrylate.
- the metal oxide powders one or two or more types may be included.
- the powder may be subjected to various surface treatments as necessary. For example, silane treatment or heat treatment can be performed.
- an amorphous shape, a spherical shape, a donut shape, a porous shape, an agglomerate, a whisker, a rod shape, a needle shape, a porous shape, a dimple shape, and the like are appropriately selected according to the purpose.
- the irregular shape, spherical shape, donut shape, porous shape, etc. have the advantage of being easy to shape. Whiskers, rods, and needles are very effective in improving strength after curing.
- Agglomerates, porous materials, dimples, and the like are effective in improving the adhesion between the powder and the liquid, and have the advantage that a high mechanical strength can be expressed and maintained after curing.
- the particle diameter there is no particular limitation on the particle diameter, but it is necessary that the particle diameter be smaller than the thickness of a single lamination. Specifically, it is preferable that the average particle diameter is not less than 0.00 l / zm and not more than 0.5 mm. Further, it is preferable that the distance is not less than 0.3 and not more than 0.3 mm, particularly not less than 10 m and not more than 0.15 mm.
- powder is prepared in a storage tank and supplied to the powder feeder 30 through a tube, or the powder feeder 30 itself has a storage tank and is slit by gravity. You can take the method of dropping from. Set up multiple storage tanks, prepare multiple types of powders with different compositions and colors in each storage tank, and use multiple types of powders appropriately according to the purpose when manufacturing a three-dimensional structure. Can also be used. When a plurality of types of powder are used by switching, it is preferable to control the powder supply from the storage tank to the slit 32 and the opening / closing of the slit 32 by a computer.
- the opening width in the X-axis direction of the slit 32 is preferably at least twice, more preferably at least six times the maximum particle diameter of the powder to be used.
- a tray, a suction device, and a transport mechanism may be provided in the lower part of the modeling table 10. Recovered The powder is passed through to remove dust, and then returned to the storage tank for repeated use.
- the liquid agent is cured and integrated with the powder to become a binder for the consolidated portion.
- the liquid agent it is possible to use a mixture of various additives depending on the purpose based on a polymerizable monomer.
- the liquid agent can contain arbitrary granules, fillers, fibrous substances, etc. as long as the viscosity and various physical properties required in the practice of the present invention are not impaired.
- the material of the liquid agent it is preferable to consider the use of the three-dimensional structure when selecting the material. For example, when producing a dental structural material, it is preferable to use a material that has been used widely in dentistry in view of safety and workability.
- At least one or more kinds of monomers or oligomers mainly composed of water, acrylics, urethanes or other systems, compositions comprising these monomers or oligomers and plasticizers, and organic solvents are selected.
- a composition comprising the above and a liquid in which these are mixed are preferred.
- methyl metatalylate or ethyl metatalylate is preferable.
- a liquid agent in which 0.1 to 35% by weight of a polyalkyl acrylate polymer is dissolved can be used.
- the viscosity of the liquid agent is low and is not suitable for injection, it is desirable to contain a component having a thickening action.
- a component having a thickening action For example, high molecular weight polymerizable monomers such as urethane-based resin, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, and neopentyl glycol, which are often used as crosslinking materials at the time of polymerization with a relatively small molecular weight.
- Polymerizable monomers such as dimethacrylate and 1,6 hexanediol dimethacrylate are preferably used.
- a plurality of liquid agents having different color tones are prepared, and these liquid agents can be mixed (mixed colors) while changing the blending amount to obtain a liquid agent having an arbitrary color tone.
- the desired color tone can be obtained by the subtractive color mixing theory.
- the transparency is controlled by mixing a clear liquid and an opaque liquid. In other words, increasing the blending amount of the transparent liquid improves the transparency, If the amount is increased, the transparency is lowered. If an opaque liquid is prepared using a white opaque material, the brightness can be improved at the same time as making it opaque. It is desirable to use a black solution to reduce the brightness.
- any color tone can be selected as long as it matches the purpose of use.
- the number of colors constituting the color set may be any number of 1 or 2 or more depending on the purpose of use of the dental structural material.
- the viewpoint powers such as maintenance of the liquid agent and securing of installation space can reproduce as many colors as possible with the smallest possible number of colors.
- a color tone set having 1 to 24 colors, more preferably 2 to 12 colors, and particularly 3 to 8 colors is preferable.
- a set of 3 to 8 colors it is always preferable to cover red, yellow and black.
- a liquid preparation adjusted to each color tone of enamel, dentin, and gingiva can be used according to each part.
- this method is inferior to the method of mixing multiple liquid agents with different color tones, it is inferior in terms of color nourishment and fine color tone adjustment, but the reproduced color tone is almost limited like the production of daily prosthetics. If this is the case, it is reasonable to minimize the type and stock of liquid preparations to be prepared.
- a liquid agent set comprising a plurality of liquid agents having different physical and Z or chemical properties after polymerization can also be used.
- the inside of a tooth is formed by using a liquid composition mainly composed of a resin having excellent toughness
- the enamel part is formed using a liquid composition mainly composed of a resin having high hardness and excellent wear resistance. This makes it possible to produce dentures that are resistant to wear and cracking and that can withstand long-term use.
- the liquid feeder 20 that discharges a fixed amount of liquid from above the base 12 is connected directly to the liquid storage tank or indirectly through a tube.
- the solution storage tank may be installed together with the solution feeder 20 or may be installed separately.
- a cartridge in which the liquid storage tank can be replaced may be used. This makes it easy to change the type of solution and replenish the solution.
- the diameter of the nozzle 21 through which the liquid agent of the liquid agent feeder 20 is discharged can be appropriately selected in consideration of the discharge amount, resolution, the shape and size of the three-dimensional structure to be manufactured, etc. 1 It is preferably in the range of ⁇ m to 500 / zm. When manufacturing a dental structural material, it is preferable to be in the range of 3 ⁇ m force to 200 ⁇ m, and more preferably in the range of 6 ⁇ m force to 50 ⁇ m.
- a method of discharging a liquid by the pressure using a gas such as air or nitrogen gas a method of blowing a small amount of liquid using a piezo element, a bubble jet (registered trademark) method, or charging a liquid Discharge method using electrical attractive force or method that uses liquid energy such as ultrasonic waves can be used.
- a method of discharging a liquid agent by a gas pressure such as air, a method using a piezo element, a bubble jet (registered trademark) method, and the like are preferable.
- each of the liquid supply pipes may be directly connected to the liquid supply 20, or one supply pipe obtained by joining the liquid supply pipes may be connected to the liquid supply 20.
- the number of liquid feeders 20 is not limited to one and may be plural. In this case, different liquid agents may be supplied to each liquid agent feeder 20, or the same liquid agent may be supplied to all of the liquid agent feeders 20.
- the number of liquid agent discharge nozzles provided in one liquid agent feeder 20 is not limited to one, and may be plural. Even when the fluid feeder 20 has only one nozzle, as shown in FIG. 1, the fluid feeder 20 is driven to the X axis and the Y axis, so that the desired position on the base 12 can be obtained. A liquid agent can be provided. [0090] When the liquid feeder 20 has a plurality of nozzles, all the nozzles may discharge the same liquid agent, or different liquid agents may be discharged for each nozzle. The greater the number of nozzles that eject one liquid, the faster the processing speed.
- the arrangement of the plurality of nozzles a one-line arrangement or a grid-like arrangement along a straight line or a curve is preferable.
- the arrangement of the nozzles is preferably determined in consideration of the moving direction of the liquid feeder 20.
- the movement of the liquid feeder 20 in the Y-axis direction may be omitted.
- the liquid feeder 20 can be moved on the X-axis once in any direction on the base 12 of any size.
- the liquid agent can be applied to the position.
- the movement of the liquid feeder may be omitted when the liquid is applied.
- a mechanism for changing the position of the liquid feeder 20 in the Z-axis direction or a mechanism for rotating the entire liquid feeder 20 in the X-axis and Z- or Y-axis directions in a horizontal plane may be provided. good.
- Different liquid agents may be supplied to different nozzles, and the discharge amount of each nozzle may be controlled independently.
- the discharge amount of each nozzle may be controlled independently.
- a plurality of liquid agents having different color tones it is possible to produce a three-dimensional structure whose color tone changes depending on the part by changing the discharge amount of each nozzle.
- multiple liquid preparations that are adjusted so that their physical properties after consolidation are different from each other it is possible to produce a three-dimensional structure whose physical properties change depending on the site by changing the discharge amount of each nozzle. .
- the liquid agent is solidified together with the powder by polymerization.
- the method for polymerizing the liquid agent is not particularly limited, but has been widely used in the industry such as chemical polymerization, photopolymerization, thermal polymerization, ultraviolet polymerization, near infrared polymerization, far infrared polymerization, and ultrasonic polymerization! You can use one or more arbitrary methods.
- chemically polymerize the liquid agent for example, it is preferable to add peroxybenzoyl to the powder and to add tertiary amine, barbituric acid or the like to the liquid agent.
- the powder and / or the liquid agent may be heated in advance, and the chemical polymerization may be promoted by heat energy when the liquid is impregnated into the powder.
- the method of heating the liquid agent can be freely selected according to the purpose without any particular limitation.
- a heater may be installed in the liquid agent discharge nozzle 21 of the liquid agent feeder 20.
- the installation of a heater in the nozzle has the effect of decreasing the viscosity of the liquid agent. This makes it possible to inject a liquid with a high viscosity that is not suitable for injection at room temperature.
- high-viscosity liquids that are not suitable for injection at room temperature include fillers and polyalkylmetatalylates! / ⁇ contains dissolved liquids and some liquid components that make up liquids have high viscosity.
- liquids include liquids that have a high overall viscosity because they are liquids.
- time for the polymerization operation is not required during the production of the three-dimensional structure, and labor saving and shortening of the production time can be achieved.
- the light irradiator When the liquid agent is photopolymerized, the light irradiator is installed with its position and orientation adjusted so that the base 12 can be irradiated with light. If necessary, a light irradiation direction control device including a computer can be provided.
- the liquid agent is discharged from above the base 12, and then the powder is dispersed.
- the powder is impregnated with the liquid agent, and then irradiated with light to be polymerized and cured.
- the photopolymerization catalyst is blended only in the liquid agent, only the portion to which the liquid agent is applied is polymerized and cured, and the portion that has not been applied with the liquid agent is not polymerized and cured. Accordingly, the liquid agent is not applied, and as a result, unnecessary powder that has not been consolidated can be collected and sprayed on the base 12 again.
- liquid agent is thermally polymerized
- a polymerization initiator that generates radicals by applying heat such as peroxybenzoyl
- heat such as peroxybenzoyl
- the light irradiation device When the liquid agent is polymerized using ultraviolet rays, near infrared rays, or far infrared rays, the light irradiation device is installed with its position and orientation adjusted so that a beam of a predetermined wavelength can be emitted to an arbitrary place on the base 12. To do. If necessary, a light irradiation direction control device including a computer can be provided. The liquid agent is discharged from above the base 12, and then the powder is sprayed and the powder is impregnated with the liquid agent. Only the irradiated part is polymerized and cured.
- a polymerization initiator that generates radicals by applying heat such as peroxybenzoyl
- heat such as peroxybenzoyl
- UV polymerization initiator for example, benzoin methyl ether
- a liquid agent to be used when producing a dental structural material, it can be used without any limitation as long as it has a past record of UV polymerization for dental use.
- the additive manufacturing apparatus includes a computer in order to store and calculate various types of information and control the operation of each element constituting the additive manufacturing apparatus.
- a computer in order to store and calculate various types of information and control the operation of each element constituting the additive manufacturing apparatus.
- hardware general personal computers that are widely used can be used.
- software functions for storing, editing, holding, and saving the shape of the three-dimensional structure to be obtained, calculation functions for properly using different materials, and each element of the additive manufacturing apparatus based on the shape data It is preferable to have a function of generating control data and a function of automatically producing a three-dimensional structure by controlling each element according to the generated control data.
- the three-dimensional shape data of the three-dimensional structure to be obtained may be created using a computer.
- shape data can be created by measuring the shape of a model or the like prepared in advance or by using CAD.
- shape data can be created by editing the shape measurement data using CAD or other software.
- the three-dimensional measurement unit 50 may be used for shape measurement.
- the base 12 may be placed on the modeling table 10 and the shape of the surface on which the three-dimensional structure is formed may be measured using the three-dimensional measuring unit 50. This measurement data can be used to create the 3D shape data of the 3D structure to be obtained.
- Internal structure data may be added to the three-dimensional shape data.
- data on color and physical properties may be added.
- the color tone and physical properties may be different in each part which does not need to be uniform throughout the three-dimensional structure.
- the color tone and physical properties may be changed sequentially like a gradation.
- the liquid agent selection and the discharge amount are calculated and added to the liquid agent discharge control data so that the set color tone can be reproduced.
- the three-dimensional shape data created in this way is cut at a plurality of horizontal planes with a constant pitch to create liquid agent discharge control data.
- the pitch at this time is set to be the same as the stacking height of one time.
- swelling may cause expansion or contraction due to chemical reactions. Taking these into consideration, the amount of liquid and powder applied to form a single consolidated layer is determined.
- the computer 1 controls the position of the liquid agent feeder 20 and the discharge of the liquid agent based on the liquid agent discharge control data of each layer.
- the computer moves the powder feeder 30, starts and stops the powder drop, and moves the powder from the powder storage tank to the powder feeder 30. It is preferable to control the supply, too.
- the computer further has a function of exchanging necessary data via the network, a function of processing data from the three-dimensional measurement unit 50, a function of monitoring the status of each part, and issuing a warning if necessary. It may have a safety function to urgently stop the operation of each element.
- a step-resolving material is applied to fill the step and unevenness, and grinding and polishing to finish, the solid structure is immersed in a liquid containing the step-resolving material.
- the basic composition is a mixture of the same type of powder and liquid used for modeling, and the fluidity and thixotropy are adjusted to optimum values according to the purpose. for I want to!
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the additive manufacturing apparatus 2 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- the same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the additive manufacturing apparatus 2 according to the second embodiment has a base on the formation table 10 in place of the arm 40 that reverses the formation table 10 included in the additive manufacturing apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment.
- An air nozzle 70 for blowing air 72 toward 12 is provided.
- Embodiment 1 shows that FIG.
- the modeling table 10 was inverted and dropped.
- air 72 is blown from the air nozzle 70 toward the base 12, and excess powder is blown off by air pressure to be removed.
- the position of the air nozzle 70 and the blowing direction of the air 72 may be variable so that the air 72 is blown over the entire surface of the base 12.
- a vibration generator for vibrating the modeling table 10 may be provided in the modeling table 10. By blowing the air 72 while vibrating the modeling table 10, the excess powder can be removed easily and in a short time.
- the second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that the method for removing excess powder is different from the first embodiment, and has the same effects as the first embodiment.
- Embodiment 1 As shown in Fig. 3C, excess powder 34 is blown off and removed using air nozzle 70 shown in Embodiment 2 in a state where modeling table 10 is inverted. May be. This allows for more complete removal of excess powder.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the additive manufacturing apparatus 3 according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and details thereof are described. The detailed explanation is omitted.
- the additive manufacturing apparatus 3 according to the third embodiment has a base on the formation table 10 in place of the arm 40 that reverses the formation table 10 included in the additive manufacturing apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment.
- a suction nozzle 80 for sucking 12 surrounding air 82 is provided.
- Embodiment 1 shows that FIG.
- the modeling table 10 was inverted and dropped.
- surplus powder together with air 82 is sucked into suction nozzle 80 and removed.
- the position of the suction nozzle 80 and the suction direction of the air 82 may be variable so that the air 82 can be sucked from the entire surface of the base 12.
- a vibration generator for vibrating the modeling table 10 may be provided in the modeling table 10. By sucking the excess powder while vibrating the modeling table 10, the excess powder can be removed easily and in a short time.
- the third embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that the method for removing excess powder is different from the first embodiment, and has the same effects as the first embodiment.
- Embodiment 1 As shown in Fig. 3C, the surplus powder 34 is removed using the suction arch I nozzle 80 shown in Embodiment 3 in a state where the modeling table 10 is inverted. It may be removed by suction. This allows for more complete removal of excess powder.
- Embodiment 1 with the modeling table 10 reversed as shown in Fig. 3C, the excess powder is blown off using the air nozzle 70 shown in Embodiment 2, and at the same time, The scattered powder may be sucked by the sucking I nozzle 80 shown in the third embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the additive manufacturing apparatus 4 according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- the same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the additive manufacturing apparatus 4 is configured to slide in the X-axis direction on the top surface 92 of the heel 90 having a wall surrounding the periphery of the modeling table 10 in the horizontal direction and the heel 90 parallel to the horizontal plane. And a leveling member 95 that moves.
- the modeling table 10 is lowered at a constant pitch while sliding on the inner wall surface of the flange 90 by a driving mechanism (not shown).
- the powder feeder 30 has a powder spreading width substantially the same as the dimension of the modeling table 10 in the Y-axis direction. The powder feeder 30 spreads the powder over the entire surface of the modeling table 10 by moving in the X-axis direction while spreading the powder.
- the ridge 90 is indicated by a two-dot chain line, and the modeling table 10 therein is seen through.
- FIGS. 7A to 7C and FIGS. 8A to 8C A method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure using the layered manufacturing apparatus 4 will be described with reference to FIGS. 7A to 7C and FIGS. 8A to 8C.
- a lower part in which a plurality of consolidated part layers formed by consolidating a liquid agent and a powder are laminated on a base 12 Create structure 62.
- the top portion 12a of the base 12 is completely covered by the lower structure 62, and the upper surface 62a of the lower structure 62 is flush with the upper surface 92 of the flange 90.
- the modeling table 10 is lowered by a unit pitch relative to the ridge 90 in the Z-axis direction. Then, as shown in FIG. 7B, the powder 34 is sprayed from the powder feeder 30 into the basket 90 so that the lower structure 62 is completely buried.
- the leveling member 95 is moved in the X-axis direction while the lower end thereof is in contact with the upper surface 92 of the flange 90.
- the upper surface of the powder 34 is regulated to the same height as the upper surface 92 of the basket 90.
- a powder layer having a uniform thickness is formed on the lower structure 62.
- the powder removed by the leveling member 95 falls on a collection tray (not shown) and is collected.
- the liquid agent is discharged toward the powder 34 at a predetermined position.
- the powder 34 is swollen by the liquid agent, the liquid agent is polymerized, and the liquid agent and the powder are consolidated to form a consolidated portion 63.
- the consolidated part 63 is also integrated with the lower structure 62.
- the modeling table 10 is lowered by a unit pitch relative to the flange 90 in the Z-axis direction. Then, the same steps as in FIG. 7A to FIG. 8A are repeated as many times as necessary, and a consolidated portion layer formed by consolidating the liquid agent and the powder on the lower structure 62 is sequentially laminated. Go. If the application position of the liquid agent by the liquid agent feeder 20 is changed, the shape of each consolidated portion layer can be changed.
- the modeling table 10 is inverted via the arm 40. As a result, the excess powder 34 that is solidified on the modeling table 10 is dropped and removed by gravity. As a result, as shown in FIG. 8C, a three-dimensional structure 60 composed of a large number of consolidated portion layers in which the liquid agent and the powder are consolidated can be formed on the base 12.
- the completed shape of the three-dimensional structure 60 on the modeling table 10 may be measured using the three-dimensional measuring unit 50.
- the three-dimensional structure 60 is separated from the base 12 to obtain the three-dimensional structure 60 having a desired shape. If necessary, surface finishing treatment may be performed to improve surface smoothness.
- the steps of FIGS. 3A to 3C described in the first embodiment are repeated to form the lower structure 62, and then in this embodiment.
- the three-dimensional structure 60 is completed by repeating the steps shown in FIGS. 7A to 8A.
- the powder 34 is filled in the basket 90, and then the liquid agent is applied to the desired position to consolidate the liquid agent and the powder. (The portion of the side wall recessed from the upper part)
- a three-dimensional structure 60 having a complicated shape such as a shape having 64 can be easily created.
- the force obtained by reversing the shaping table 10 after the removal of the surplus powder 34 after Fig. 8B is used.
- the powder 34 may be removed by being blown off, or as described in Embodiment 3, the excess powder 34 may be removed by suction together with air. Alternatively, the excess powder 34 may be removed by combining these.
- the modeling table 10 may be vibrated by a vibration generating device.
- the height of the force shaping table 10 obtained by lowering the modeling table 10 by a predetermined pitch with respect to the rod 90 may be constant, and the rod 90 may be raised by a predetermined pitch.
- the table 10 and ⁇ 90 may be moved in the opposite direction along the Z axis.
- the stacking thickness per layer of the consolidated portion layer stacked on the lower structure 62 is ⁇ 90 and the molding table. Depends on the relative movement pitch in the z-axis direction with one bull 10.
- the stacking thickness (that is, the moving pitch) can be changed according to the use of the three-dimensional structure. Reducing the stack thickness increases the resolution and improves dimensional accuracy and surface smoothness.
- the leveling member 95 is moved along the X axis, but the powder feeder 30 is moved downstream in the moving direction. 7B and the operation shown in FIG. 7C may be performed at the same time. Alternatively, leveling members 95 may be attached to both sides in the moving direction of the powder feeder 30. In this case, even if the powder feeder 30 is moved in any direction along the X axis, the operation of FIG. 7B and the operation of FIG. 7C can be performed simultaneously by one movement.
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the additive manufacturing apparatus 5 according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the horizontal axes orthogonal to each other are the X axis and the Y axis, and the vertical axis is the Z axis.
- One end of a rod-like member (holding mechanism) 15 whose longitudinal direction is the Y-axis direction is inserted into the base 17, and the base 17 is held.
- the three-dimensional structure is laminated on the base 17.
- a rotating drive mechanism (not shown) is connected to the other end of the rod-shaped member 15, and the rod-shaped member 15 and the base 17 are rotated in the direction of the arrow 16.
- the liquid material feeder (liquid material application device) 25 also discharges and drops the liquid material in the upward force of the base 17.
- a plurality of discharge nozzles 26 are arranged side by side in the Y-axis direction over at least the dimension of the base 17 in the Y-axis direction.
- Each of the plurality of discharge nozzles 26 is controlled independently of each other to drop the liquid agent downward.
- the liquid feeder 25 is driven in the X-axis direction by a drive mechanism (not shown). That is, the liquid agent feeder 25 moves onto the base 17 and can drop the liquid agent from above the base 17 to a desired position in the Y-axis direction.
- the powder feeder (powder applicator) 35 is a powder having at least the dimension of the base 17 in the Y-axis direction. Has body spreading width.
- the powder feeder 35 is driven in the X-axis direction by a drive mechanism (not shown). That is, the powder feeder 35 can move onto the base 17 and drop the powder from above the base 17.
- a three-dimensional measurement unit 50 is provided above the base 17, a three-dimensional measurement unit 50 is provided.
- the base 17 is fixed to the rod-like member 15.
- the base 17 is a replica of the patient's abutment shape.
- the base 17 may be accurately positioned on the rod-shaped member 15 using the three-dimensional measuring unit 50. Further, the outer shape of the base 17 may be measured using the three-dimensional measurement unit 50 while rotating the rod-shaped member 15 and the base 17 in the direction of the arrow 16.
- the liquid agent feeder 25 is moved above the base 17, and the rod-like member 15 and the base 17 are rotated in the direction of the arrow 16 while the liquid agent 27 is discharged from the plurality of discharge nozzles 26. Drop down. At this time, the plurality of discharge nozzles 26 of the liquid agent feeder 25 are controlled independently in synchronization with the rotation of the base 17. As a result, the liquid agent 27 is attached only to a desired position on the outer surface of the base 17.
- the completed shape of the three-dimensional structure 65 on the rod-shaped member 15 may be measured using the three-dimensional measurement unit 50.
- the three-dimensional structure 65 is separated from the base 17 to obtain a three-dimensional structure 65 having a desired shape. If necessary, surface finishing treatment may be performed to improve surface smoothness.
- the liquid agent is first applied onto the base 17, and then the powder is sprayed, and then the liquid agent and the powder are solidified. That is, a liquid agent is first applied to the surface of the base 17 instead of a powder. Accordingly, the surface of the base body 17 is transferred almost faithfully to the surface of the standing structure 65 finally obtained in contact with the base 17. Therefore, if the surface of the base 17 is a smooth surface, a smooth surface similar to this can be obtained.
- the surface in contact with the abutment can be smoothed by using the base 17 that reproduces the shape of the abutment of the patient. . Therefore, the surface smoothing process for this surface can be omitted or simplified. In addition, since the dimensional accuracy caused by the surface smoothing treatment can be reduced, the compatibility does not deteriorate. As described above, the dental structural material can be manufactured with high accuracy in a short time without relying on highly skilled workers.
- the lamination thickness (thickness of the consolidated portion of one layer) can be changed according to the use of the three-dimensional structure. Reducing the thickness of the stack increases the resolution and improves dimensional accuracy and surface smoothness.
- the arm 40 of the additive manufacturing apparatus 1 shown in the first embodiment may be used as the rod-shaped member 15 of the fifth embodiment. That is, in the additive manufacturing apparatus 1 shown in the first embodiment, the modeling table 10 attached to the tip of the arm 40 can be detached. Depending on the 3D structure to be created, remove the modeling table 10 and attach the base 17 instead. At this time, an appropriate connecting member may be interposed between the arm 40 and the base 17. Thus, a large structure such as a complete denture can be manufactured using the shaping table 10, and a small structure such as a crown prosthesis can be manufactured using the base 17. Therefore, various sizes The three-dimensional structure can be manufactured by a common additive manufacturing apparatus.
- the materials of the bases 12 and 17 are not particularly limited, and for example, gypsum can be used. It is preferable to apply a release material such as petroleum jelly on the surfaces of the bases 12 and 17 in order to prevent the liquid agents 22 and 27 from penetrating and to make the three-dimensional structures 60 and 65 easy to separate.
- a dental spacer is applied to the surfaces of bases 12 and 17 to secure a cement layer (adhesive layer) between the patient's abutment teeth. It is preferable to do.
- FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the additive manufacturing apparatus 6 according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
- the same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- One or both of the three-dimensional measurement unit 50 and the powder feeder 200 can move in a direction parallel to the plane including the X axis and the Y axis (the XY plane). The upper force of the modeling table 10 can be retracted.
- One or both of the three-dimensional measurement unit 50 and the powder feeder 200 may be driven in the X-axis direction by a drive mechanism (not shown) together with the uniaxial guide mechanism 28 that drives the liquid medicine feeder 20 in the Y-axis direction.
- FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view of the powder feeder 200.
- the powder feeder 200 includes a powder storage tank 201 and three circular screens 202, 203, and 204.
- the powder storage tank 201 is a substantially cup-shaped container for storing the powder dispersed on the base 12, and a circular opening is formed in the lower surface thereof.
- the screens 202, 203, and 204 are attached to the powder storage tank 201 so as to overlap in this order in the Z-axis direction and close the opening on the lower surface of the powder storage tank 201.
- Each of the screens 202, 203, 204 has a large number of fine through holes (hereinafter referred to as “micro holes” t) through which powder can pass!
- the upper and lower screens 202, 204 are stationary screens fixed to the powder storage tank 201, and the intermediate screen 203 is driven to rotate in the XY plane in the direction of the arrow 203a. Driven screen.
- the drive source for rotating the screen 203 is not particularly limited.
- a motor, a mainspring, a pendulum, or the like can be used.
- the screen 203 may be directly connected to the drive source or may be connected via a power transmission mechanism such as a reduction gear.
- the screen 203 and its driving source may be arranged close to each other or separated from each other. When they are arranged apart from each other, the driving force of the driving source can be transmitted to the screen 203 via a link mechanism, a chain belt, or the like.
- the area where a large number of fine holes are formed is larger than the upper surface of the modeling table 10. Therefore, after moving the powder feeder 200 above the modeling table 10, the powder can be sprayed over the entire surface of the modeling table 10 simply by rotating the screen 203. That is, in order to spread the powder over the entire surface of the modeling table 10, the powder feeder 30 had to be moved in the X-axis direction in the first embodiment, but in this embodiment, the powder feeder 200 was moved. There is no need to let them.
- the control of the powder spraying is a force required to control the opening / closing of the slit 32 in the first embodiment, and the rotation of the screen 203 may be controlled in the present embodiment.
- powder can be sprayed at once in a large area, and the power can be controlled by a simple mechanism.
- the rotary motion of the screen 203 is stopped to stop the powder spraying.
- the rotational motion of the screen 203 may be continuous rotation in only one direction, or may be a reversing motion in which the rotational direction changes. Or it may be a reciprocating motion along one direction parallel to the XY plane.
- the opening diameter of the micropores formed in each of the screens 202, 203, and 204 is preferably at least twice, particularly at least six times the maximum diameter of the particles contained in the powder to be used.
- the shape of the fine holes formed in each of the screens 202, 203, and 204 is not particularly limited as long as the above-described powder dropping can be controlled.
- an ellipse, a rectangle, various polygons, or a slit may be used.
- the aperture ratio ratio of the total area of the micropores to the unit area of the screen
- the screens 202, 203, and 204 may be impeller-like members in which a plurality of plate members are arranged apart from each other, rather than members having a large number of fine holes as described above.
- the number, shape, dimensions, etc. of the plate material are not particularly limited as long as the above-described powder dropping can be controlled.
- the screens 202, 203, and 204 may be the same as or different from each other.
- FIG. 12 shows an example in which the powder feeder 200 includes three screens 201, 202, and 203.
- the number of force screens is not limited to three. As the number of screens decreases, the structure can be simplified, clogging is less likely to be cleaned, and the screen can be easily replaced. The larger the number of screens, the more advantageous these advantages are.
- the leakage of powder when the driven screen is stopped decreases, and the controllability of the start and stop of powder spraying is improved.
- the number of screens needs to be two or more.
- the upper limit is not particularly limited, but is preferably 6 or less in practice.
- the driven screen and the non-driven screen are preferably arranged alternately. [0193] Adjacent screens may be in contact with each other or separated from each other.
- the contact pressure can be freely set within a practical range. By adjusting the distance between adjacent screens and the contact pressure, it is possible to adjust the amount of powder sprayed, the controllability of starting and stopping spraying, and the leakage of powder when the driven screen is stopped. .
- the material of the screen is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected from, for example, metal, paper, glass, cloth, and plastic.
- the screen can be subjected to treatments such as plating, painting, polishing, heat treatment, and chemical treatment according to purposes such as prevention of adhesion of powder, prevention of corrosion, improvement of strength, and improvement of wear resistance.
- FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the additive manufacturing apparatus 7 according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
- the same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the additive manufacturing apparatus 7 according to the seventh embodiment is similar to the additive manufacturing apparatus 6 according to the sixth embodiment, in a multilayer screen type powder feeder (hereinafter simply referred to as “powder feeder”) 210. have. However, unlike the powder feeder 200 of the sixth embodiment, in the powder feeder 210 of the seventh embodiment, the opening provided in the lower surface of the powder storage tank is rectangular, and a plurality of pieces attached to this opening The shape of the screen is also rectangular.
- the powder feeder 210 of the present embodiment is the same as the powder feeder 200 of the sixth embodiment in terms of configuration and function, except that the shape of the powder storage tank opening and the plurality of screens are different.
- the major axis direction of each of the plurality of screens in which a large number of micropores are formed and the opening of the powder storage tank are parallel to the Y axis direction, and each major axis dimension is larger than the upper surface of the modeling table 10
- the powder feeder 210 is installed and used in the same manner as the powder feeder 30 shown in the first embodiment. That is, the powder falling from the upward force on the modeling table 10 is performed while moving the powder feeder 210 in the X-axis direction. However, the start and stop of the powder drop is performed by controlling the drive of the driven screen as in the sixth embodiment. Since the shape of the screen is a rectangle, the driven screen does not move in one direction (for example, the rotational motion of Embodiment 6 (for example, Reciprocates in the Y axis direction).
- Such a powder feeder 210 moving in the X-axis direction is used to light up the powder feeder 210 when the upward force of the shaping table 10 also needs to apply light or heat to consolidate the powder and liquid agent. It has the advantage that it can be easily moved out of the irradiation range of heat.
- the powder feeder 210 may be attached to a drive mechanism (not shown) that moves the liquid feeder 20 in the X-axis direction.
- a drive mechanism (not shown) that moves the liquid feeder 20 in the X-axis direction.
- the driving mechanism in the X-axis direction can be shared by the powder feeder 210 and the liquid feeder 20, so that the drive system and the control system can be simplified, and the number of parts can be reduced.
- the lower end of the powder feeder 210 is connected to the leveling member of FIG. It may be made to function in the same way as 95, or a leveling member 95 (see FIG. 6) may be attached to the powder feeder 210.
- a composite of members can simplify the drive system and the control system, and can reduce the number of parts.
- FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of another embodiment of a multi-layer screen type powder feeder.
- This multi-layer screen type powder feeder (hereinafter simply referred to as “powder feeder”) 220 was provided so as to close the powder storage tank 221 and the opening (not shown) on the lower surface of the powder storage tank 221.
- One of the screens is an endless screen 222 in which both ends of a belt-like screen are connected in a ring shape, and the other
- This screen is a stationary screen attached and fixed to the powder storage tank 221 so as to close the opening on the lower surface of the powder storage tank 221.
- Each of the plurality of screens is formed with a large number of fine through holes (fine holes) through which the powder can pass, as described in the sixth embodiment.
- the endless screen 222 is held by the four rollers 223a, 223b, 224a, 224b in a state where a predetermined tension is applied at a predetermined position.
- the roller 223a is a driving roller to which a driving mechanism 225 is connected, and the rollers 223b, 224a, and 224b are driven rollers that can freely rotate.
- the inner rollers 224a and 224b make the upper part 222a and the lower part 222b of the endless screen 222 approach or contact with each other on the lower surface of the powder storage tank 221.
- the endless screen 222 continuously moves in one direction or moves back and forth by the drive mechanism 225. As a result, the upper part 222a and the lower part 222b of the endless screen 222 move in opposite directions.
- the powder feeder 220 of the present embodiment can drop the powder continuously and stably.
- FIG. 16 is a bottom view of an example of the powder feeder 220.
- 221a is an opening provided on the lower surface of the powder storage tank 221. This opening 221a is circular and is attached to this opening 221a.
- the shape of the fine hole forming region of the stationary screen (not shown) is also circular.
- the size of the formation area of the fine holes is the same force as the upper surface of the modeling table 10 and larger than this.
- the powder feeder 220 having the circular opening 221a spreads the powder on the modeling table 10 while the powder feeder 220 is stationary above the circular modeling table 10, as in the sixth embodiment. can do.
- the modeling table 10 is circular, the powder can be spread on the modeling table 10 without waste by providing the powder storage tank 221 with a circular opening 221a.
- FIG. 17 is a bottom view of another example of the powder feeder 220.
- Reference numeral 221b denotes an opening provided on the lower surface of the powder storage tank 221.
- the opening 22 lb is rectangular, and the shape of the micropore formation region of the stationary screen (not shown) attached to the opening 22 lb is also rectangular.
- the major axis direction of the micropore formation region is parallel to the Y axis direction, and the major axis direction dimension is larger than the Y axis direction dimension of the upper surface of the modeling table 10.
- the powder feeder 220 having the rectangular opening 221b can spread the powder on the modeling table 10 while moving the powder feeder 220 in the X-axis direction, for example, as in the seventh embodiment.
- a rectangular opening 221b having the same force as this is provided in the powder storage tank 221 so that the powder is kept in a state where the powder feeder 220 is stationary. It can be dropped onto the modeling table 10 without waste.
- FIG. 18 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of another multilayer screen type powder feeder (hereinafter simply referred to as “powder feeder”) 230.
- the endless screen 232 is held in a state where a predetermined tension is applied so as to surround the periphery of the powder storage tank 231 by four rollers 233a, 233b, 233c, and 233d.
- One of the four rollers 233a, 233b, 233c, and 233d is a drive roller to which a drive mechanism (not shown) is connected, and the rest are driven rollers that are freely rotatable.
- FIG. 19 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of yet another multilayer screen type powder feeder (hereinafter simply referred to as “powder feeder”) 240.
- the powder storage tank 241 has a substantially “J” shape when viewed from a direction parallel to the Y axis.
- the powder storage tank 241 includes an upper powder storage unit 241a, a powder applying unit 241c parallel to the lower horizontal plane, and a powder supply path 24 lb therebetween.
- the powder introduced from the opening facing upward of the powder storage unit 241a reaches the powder applying unit 241c through the powder supply path 241b and passes through a plurality of screens installed in the openings on the lower surface thereof. Pass and fall.
- the endless screen 242 is held in a state in which a predetermined tension is applied so as to surround the periphery of the powder applying unit 241c by the two rollers 243a and 243b.
- the roller 243a is a drive roller to which a drive mechanism 245 is connected, and the roller 243b is a driven roller that can freely rotate.
- a plurality of stationary screens are fixed to the powder applying unit 241c so as to sandwich the endless screen 242 as in the case of the powder feeder 230 of FIG.
- the powder only needs to pass through the endless screen 242 once as in the powder feeder 230 of FIG.
- the endless screen 222 surrounds the entire powder storage tank 231
- the endless screen 242 is one part of the powder storage tank 241. Only the powder applying part 241c, which is a part, is surrounded. Accordingly, in the powder feeder 240 of FIG. 19, the endless screen 242 and the surrounding dimensions can be reduced.
- the powder storage unit 241a, the powder supply path 241b, and the powder application unit 241c are integrated, but the powder storage unit 241a and the powder application unit 241c are combined. Each may be manufactured separately, and then both may be connected by a powder supply path 241b which also has a hard or soft duct or tube force.
- Figs. 11 to 19 are merely examples, and the multi-layer screen type powder feeder is not limited to these in the present invention.
- the shape of the multi-layer screen type powder feeder and the dimensions of each part take into consideration various restrictions required when mounted on a multilayer molding machine, the characteristics of the powder used, the manufacturing process conditions of the three-dimensional structure, etc. It can be changed as appropriate.
- the additive manufacturing apparatus of the ninth embodiment is the same as the additive manufacturing apparatus 1 of the first embodiment except that the powder feeder 30 is replaced with the split plate powder feeder (hereinafter simply referred to as “powder feeder”). 300).
- the powder feeder 300 connects the powder storage tank 301 into which powder is charged and stored, the dividing unit 310, the powder storage tank 301 and the dividing unit 310, and the powder is stored in the powder storage tank.
- a guide pipe 302 for guiding from 301 to the dividing section 310 and an open / close valve 303 provided at the lower end of the guide pipe 302 are provided.
- the dividing section 310 includes a substantially isosceles triangular substrate 311 inclined at an angle 0 with respect to the X axis (see FIG. 21 to be described later), and a substantially “ ⁇ ” -shaped shape fixed on the substrate 311 ( A plurality of wedge-shaped dividing plates 312.
- the plurality of divided plates 312 are arranged in a divergent shape, like a pin arrangement for boring. Specifically, the plurality of divided plates 312 are arranged along a plurality of straight lines parallel to the horizontal direction. The arrangement of the dividing plates 312 along a straight line parallel to the horizontal direction is called a “stage”.
- the plurality of divided plates 312 are divided into a plurality of stages in the vertical direction, and 2 N_1 divided plates 312 are arranged in the Nth stage (N is a natural number) from the top.
- N is a natural number
- the top of the dividing plate 312 included in the (N + 1) th stage is located.
- the powder flow that has passed through the guide tube 302 and the open / close solenoid 303 in order from the powder storage tank 301 and flowed into the dividing section 310 is divided into two by the one dividing plate 312 in the first stage, Next, it is divided into four by the two dividing plates 312 in the second stage.
- the powder flow advances in the downward direction while being divided in the axial direction.
- the powder stream was inflows from the switching valve 303 in the division unit 310 is divided into 2 New pieces of powder flow by passing through the divider plate 312 of the New stage, the flow rate of the powder stream off the 1Zeta2 New times the flow rate of powder flow during passing through the valve 303.
- the powder flow is divided into 102 4 pieces.
- the cross-sectional area of the powder flow when passing through the on-off valve 303 is 50 mm 2
- the cross-sectional area of each of the divided 1024 powder flows is about 0.049 mm 2 , which is on the molding table 10. A fine flow sufficient to spread the powder.
- the powder feeder 300 moves on the shaping table 10 in the X-axis direction without dropping powder.
- the powder feeder 300 of the present embodiment in which a plurality of divided plates 312 are arranged can increase the amount of powder that can be dropped per unit time. This has the advantage that the moving speed in the X-axis direction can be increased. Therefore, the time required for powder spraying can be shortened. When it is necessary to reduce the thickness of each consolidated part layer and increase the number of consolidated part layers, the time required to form the three-dimensional structure can be greatly shortened. can get.
- the substantially “ ⁇ ” -shaped dividing plate 312 is shown.
- the shape of the dividing plate is such that one powder flow can be substantially equally divided into two powder flows.
- it is not limited to this.
- it may be any of a plate shape, a rod shape, a triangular prism shape, or a shape obtained by deforming them.
- the width of the dividing plate 312 (dimension in the radial direction in FIG. 20) varies depending on the number of steps in which the dividing plate 312 has an upper force. In general, as shown in FIG. 20, the width of the dividing plate 312 decreases from the upper stage to the lower stage. If the width of the lowermost dividing plate 312 is too large, the interval between adjacent powder flows becomes large, and it becomes difficult to uniformly disperse the powder on the shaping table 10. On the other hand, if the width of the lowermost dividing plate 312 is too small, it is necessary to increase the number of dividing plates 312 included in the lowermost stage in order to disperse the powder over a wide range.
- each divided plate 312 is determined in consideration of the flow rate (cross-sectional area) of each powder flow passing between the lowermost divided plates 312 and the interval between adjacent powder flows.
- the height of the dividing plate 312 (dimension in the axial direction in FIG. 20) is too large, the dimension in the axial direction of the substrate 311 becomes large. As the size and weight in the axial direction increase, the mobility in the X-axis direction of the dividing section 310 decreases, or interference with other devices such as the liquid feeder 20 occurs. Conversely, if the height of the dividing plate 312 is too small, the inclination of the two sides of the dividing plate 312 along which the powder flow flows becomes gentle, so that the fluidity and dividing performance of the powder flow is reduced, or the dividing plate 312 is divided. The strength of the plate 312 may decrease. Taking these into account, it is preferable to determine the height of the dividing plate 312.
- the number of stages of the plurality of divided plates 312 arranged on the substrate 311 is the cross-sectional area of the powder flow when passing through the opening / closing nove 303 and the powder obtained by passing between the lowermost divided plates 312. Determined by taking into account the number of flows and their respective cross-sectional areas. In general, it is preferable to have three or more stages.
- FIG. 20 shows an example in which 2 N_1 divided plates 312 are arranged in the Nth stage (N is a natural number), but the present invention is not limited to this.
- N is a natural number
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- a plurality of divided plates 312 may be arranged in the first stage.
- the number of dividing plates 312 included in the (N + 1) th stage may be larger than the number of dividing plates 312 included in the Nth stage.
- a plurality of dividing plates 312 may be arranged so that a powder flow passing between adjacent dividing plates 312 in the Nth stage is divided into two by one dividing plate 312 in the (N + 1) th stage. good.
- FIG. 21 is a side view of the powder feeder 300.
- the dividing unit 310 of the powder feeder 300 moves in the X-axis direction by a drive mechanism (not shown) while dropping the powder also with the upward force of the base 12 when the powder is dispersed.
- the powder storage tank 301 is fixed at a position higher than the molding table 10
- the guide tube 302 that connects the powder storage tank 301 and the dividing section 310 is a material having flexibility and elasticity. There will be power. Thereby, the powder can be stably supplied to the dividing unit 310 that moves from the fixed powder storage tank 301 regardless of the position of the dividing unit 310.
- the angle ⁇ formed by the substrate 311 of the dividing section 310 and the X axis can be arbitrarily set in the range of 3 to 90 degrees.
- the flow rate of the powder flow can be adjusted by changing the angle ⁇ according to the characteristics of the powder used and the shape and arrangement of the dividing plate 312.
- FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of an example of the three-dimensional structure 400 formed on the base 420.
- a three-dimensional structure 400 In order to form such a three-dimensional structure 400, it is necessary to form a consolidated portion in a recess (undercut) 421 formed on the peripheral wall of the base 420, as described in the first embodiment. Furthermore, the upward force of the base 12 cannot be formed simply by dropping the liquid agent and the powder.
- Such a three-dimensional structure 400 is manufactured by adding to the additive manufacturing apparatus of Embodiment 1 an inclination mechanism that can arbitrarily set an inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane of the upper surface of the modeling table 10 when the liquid agent and powder are dispersed. can do.
- the modeling table 10 A function as an inclination mechanism may be added to the rotation drive mechanism connected to the arm 40 to be reversed.
- FIGS. 3A to 23D A method for manufacturing the three-dimensional structure 400 will be described below with reference to FIGS. 23A to 23D.
- FIGS. 3A to 23D only the solidified portion formed on the modeling table 10, the base 420, and the base 420 is illustrated to simplify the drawings, and other components of the additive manufacturing apparatus are illustrated. Is omitted!
- a base 420 is fixed on a modeling table 10 whose upper surface is set parallel to a horizontal plane.
- a recess (undercut) 421 is formed that cannot be seen when the base 420 is viewed in parallel with the Z axis and when an upward force is also seen.
- the top surface of the modeling table 10 is placed in a horizontal plane by repeating liquid application, powder dropping, and removal of unconsolidated powder a predetermined number of times. Then, a concatenated layer 401 having a necessary thickness is formed on a predetermined region on the base 420 that can be seen from above when viewed in parallel (see FIG. 23B).
- the application of the liquid agent and the dropping of the powder are performed in a state where the upper surface of the modeling table 10 is parallel to the horizontal plane. At this time, the consolidated layer 401 is not formed in the recess 421 of the base 420.
- the base 420 is tilted by using a tilting mechanism so that the region of the surface of the base 420 where the consolidated portion layer 401 is not formed in FIG. 23B, in particular, the depression 421 faces upward ( (See Figure 2 3C).
- liquid application, powder dropping, and removal of unconsolidated powder are repeated a predetermined number of times, so that the surface of the base 420 includes a region including the depression 421.
- a consolidated layer 402 having a necessary thickness is formed (see FIG. 23D).
- the liquid application and the powder dropping are performed in a state where the modeling table 10 is inclined as shown in FIG. 23C.
- the three-dimensional structure 400 shown in FIG. 22 can be formed on the base 420.
- the solidified part layer is formed by changing the orientation (posture) of the base in a plurality of ways, so that a desired three-dimensional structure can be formed on the base.
- the three-dimensional structure to be formed is used.
- the three-dimensional shape data may be decomposed into a plurality according to the number of changes in the direction of the base, and the liquid discharge control data etc. may be calculated for each direction.
- the liquid agent is applied to the base 420 oriented in the first direction and the powder is dropped, so that the liquid agent and the powder are solidified on the base 420.
- the liquid agent is applied and the powder is dropped repeatedly on the base 420 oriented in the second direction as shown in FIG. 23C.
- a consolidated portion layer 402 having a desired thickness formed by solidifying the liquid agent and the powder was formed on the base 420. That is, the surface of the base 420 for forming the three-dimensional structure 400 is divided into the first region and the second region, and the portion 401 in the first region of the three-dimensional structure 400 is completed. Of these, part 402 in the second region was completed.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the three-dimensional structure 400 may be formed on the base 420 by alternately repeating the step of forming a single-layer consolidated part layer formed by solidifying. That is, a single-layered solid portion layer may be alternately formed in the first region and the second region.
- the three-dimensional structure is formed by changing the direction of the base in two ways.
- the number of changes in the direction of the base is not limited to two, and the surface shape of the base ( For example, it can be appropriately changed according to the number and degree of the depressions.
- the number of changes in the orientation of the base increases, irregularities are formed at the boundary portion of the consolidated portion layer formed in each direction, and the shape accuracy of the three-dimensional structure deteriorates, or the formation time of the three-dimensional structure It may increase significantly. Therefore, it is not preferable to change the direction of the base more than necessary. In practice, it is preferable to change the direction of the base from 2 to 10, more preferably from 2 to 6. [Embodiment 11]
- FIG. 24 is an end view of a side structure of an example of the three-dimensional structure 500 according to Embodiment 11 of the present invention.
- This three-dimensional structure 500 is a prosthesis such as a partial denture composed of a metal part 501 and a resin part 502.
- a metal portion 501 is created.
- a conventionally well-known method can be used.
- a manual method, using CADZCAM method, cutting metal material based on 3D shape data of metal part 501, laminating metal powder, 3D of metal part 501 using CADZCAM method Examples include a method of melting and sintering metal powder by irradiating a laser beam based on the shape data.
- Surface treatment such as polishing the surface in contact with the mucosal surface of the patient's oral cavity until gloss is obtained, or smoothing the boundary with the oil-absorbed portion 502 by sandblasting, etc. Give it to part 501.
- a base 510 is fixed on the modeling table 10 of the additive manufacturing apparatus.
- the base 510 is a replica of the patient's ridge, whose upper surface has the same shape as the mucosal surface of the patient's mouth.
- the metal portion 501 obtained in FIG. 25A is placed on the base 510.
- the three-dimensional structure 500 is removed from the base 510, and post-treatments such as detail correction and surface polishing are performed as necessary to complete a dental prosthesis.
- the co-weight of methyl meta acrylate and ethyl meta acrylate is 1: 1 by weight A mixture of 100 parts by weight of coalesced spherical particles (average particle size 70 m) and 1 part by weight of benzoyl peroxide was used.
- liquid agent As a liquid agent, a composition in which 90 parts by weight of a methylmethaacrylate monomer colored with edible ink is mixed with 10 parts by weight of an ethylene glycol dimethaacrylate monomer and 3 parts by weight of diethanolparatoluidine. Using. Based on this, liquid 1 adjusted to a gingival color and liquid 2 adjusted to a transparent color were prepared.
- the liquid discharge control data was created by adding color tone data to the 3D shape data of the entire floor with holes for insertion of artificial teeth to achieve the target color tone. Specifically, the application position data for liquids 1 and 2 was created so that the outer layer with a depth of approximately lmm was created with liquid 2, and the inner part was created with liquid 1. .
- a base 12 which is a replica of the patient's chin, was fixed on a modeling table 10 with a side of 100 mm.
- the powder feeder 30 includes a slit 32 having a width of 100 mm in the Y-axis direction and a width of 3 mm in the X-axis direction (moving direction).
- the liquid feeder 20 includes two nozzles 21 that respectively inject liquids 1 and 2 by driving a piezo element.
- nozzle 21 318SLX manufactured by Cocaminolta Technology Center Co., Ltd., which is an inkjet head driven by a piezo element, was used.
- As a control device for the ink jet head an ink jet head evaluation kit KIE2 manufactured by Coca Minolta Technology Center Co., Ltd. was used. The software attached to this control device was used as a control program.
- a liquid storage tank with a capacity of 300 cc was connected to each of the two nozzles 21 via tubes.
- the entire floor obtained was removed from the base 12.
- the surface that was in contact with the base 12 (adhesive surface) was smoothly modeled along the surface of the base 12, and the layered step was not recognized.
- a slight stacking step was observed on the surface other than the surface in contact with the base 12. This stacking step was eliminated using an ultrasonic mini cutter MC-20 manufactured by Daiei Dental Sangyo Co., Ltd. Thereafter, the entire floor was puffed and finished.
- the time required to create the entire floor was 30 minutes for design, 2 hours 30 minutes for modeling, and 30 minutes for surface leveling and polishing, totaling 3 hours 30 minutes. Compared to about 13 hours in the general method of making replica models, waxing up, burying, demolding, saddle molding, building up, polishing, etc., we were able to significantly reduce the time.
- the field of application of the present invention can be used to create various three-dimensional structures that are not particularly limited. Especially, it can utilize preferably for manufacture of a dental structural material. For example, you cannot clean dentures that are used in the field of dental prosthesis. ⁇ ⁇ If caregivers need to wear them and get dirty, they can be replaced with new dentures of the same shape to keep the oral cavity clean.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE112006001961T DE112006001961T5 (de) | 2005-07-27 | 2006-06-21 | Vorrichtung zum Bilden eines geschichteten Objekts |
JP2007528375A JP4481331B2 (ja) | 2005-07-27 | 2006-06-21 | 積層造形装置 |
US11/922,291 US8267683B2 (en) | 2005-07-27 | 2006-06-21 | Apparatus for forming layered object |
EP06767046.3A EP1911568B1 (en) | 2005-07-27 | 2006-06-21 | Apparatus for forming layered object |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2005-217991 | 2005-07-27 | ||
JP2005217991 | 2005-07-27 |
Publications (1)
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WO2007013240A1 true WO2007013240A1 (ja) | 2007-02-01 |
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PCT/JP2006/312387 WO2007013240A1 (ja) | 2005-07-27 | 2006-06-21 | 積層造形装置 |
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US (1) | US8267683B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1911568B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4481331B2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112006001961T5 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007013240A1 (ja) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1911568A1 (en) | 2008-04-16 |
US8267683B2 (en) | 2012-09-18 |
EP1911568B1 (en) | 2013-06-05 |
JPWO2007013240A1 (ja) | 2009-02-05 |
JP4481331B2 (ja) | 2010-06-16 |
DE112006001961T5 (de) | 2008-05-15 |
US20090025638A1 (en) | 2009-01-29 |
EP1911568A4 (en) | 2012-07-18 |
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