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WO2007065657A1 - Element de construction leger optiquement transparent - Google Patents

Element de construction leger optiquement transparent Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007065657A1
WO2007065657A1 PCT/EP2006/011715 EP2006011715W WO2007065657A1 WO 2007065657 A1 WO2007065657 A1 WO 2007065657A1 EP 2006011715 W EP2006011715 W EP 2006011715W WO 2007065657 A1 WO2007065657 A1 WO 2007065657A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
element according
chamber
gas
coating
chambers
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2006/011715
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Andreas Georg
Wolfgang Graf
Josef Steinhart
Volker Wittwer
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. filed Critical Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.
Publication of WO2007065657A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007065657A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/17—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on variable-absorption elements not provided for in groups G02F1/015 - G02F1/169
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/20—Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure
    • E04H2015/202—Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure with inflatable panels, without inflatable tubular framework
    • E04H2015/203—Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure with inflatable panels, without inflatable tubular framework supported by a non-inflatable structure or framework

Definitions

  • the invention relates to optically transparent lightweight components which can be produced with, but preferably completely from flexible materials and used for roofing or also protective side walls. They can be designed similarly to foil cushions.
  • a special aspect is the possibility of influencing optical properties, whereby different coloring and decoloring is possible so that the transparency can be changed temporarily.
  • EP 1 421 437 B1 and from "Gasochromic Windows", V. Wittwer, M. Datz, J. Ell, A. Georg, W. Graf,
  • gas-chromic substances are to be applied as a layer on glass or thick polymer substrates.
  • gas-chromic substances have the property under the influence of certain materials contained in a gas, such as water and oxygen or other reducing and oxidizing gases, to change their optical properties reversibly, possibly with an additional catalytic material for satisfactorily short reaction times may be necessary.
  • Suitable gasochromic substances are disclosed in this prior art and can also be used in analog form in the invention. This also essentially applies to the initiation of the color change of the layers formed with gas-chromic substances.
  • EP 1 421 437 B1 also dealt with the problem of the sensitivity of gas-chromic substances to moisture and proposed solutions. However, these cannot be used, or can only be used to a limited extent, in the case of flexible elements which have been produced using foils.
  • optically transparent lightweight structural elements which are provided with a recess formed inside at least one chamber with a coating gasochromic material, addition to provide for encryption, the service life due to a reduced moisture influence extended if ⁇ can.
  • this object is achieved with a lightweight component which has the features of claim 1. Suitable uses are saying 15 named.
  • Lightweight construction elements according to the invention can be used for the production of buildings or parts of buildings. Use in the vehicle is also conceivable, in addition to the lightweight construction aspect, a targeted influence on the transmission or reflection of electromagnetic radiation can also be exerted.
  • gas-chromic substances such as metal oxides known for this purpose (for example WO 3 ) or other compounds which have already been mentioned by way of example in the aforementioned prior art, are used. These can be used together with likewise known catalytically active components in order to influence the optical transparency.
  • a coating with a gas-chromic substance is formed on an inner wall of a chamber, at least on areas of the surface.
  • a gas can be passed through the chamber which contains a component which leads to a change in the optical properties, for example the transmission or reflection, within a spectral range of electromagnetic waves. In a preferred form, this can be hydrogen, which is contained in a small proportion in a preferably inert gas. If the change in the optical properties is to be reversed again, for example in WO 3 as ga- If the material is decolourized, another gas is passed through or into the chamber. This can be an oxygen-containing gas, for example air.
  • the walls of the at least one chamber with the coating have a very small thickness in comparison with the known glazing elements in a lightweight construction element according to the invention and are preferably flexibly deformable, such is
  • Water penetrating from outside into the chamber provided with coating or water formed therein can thus pass through the membrane into the further chamber, so that the undesired influence of moisture and condensation can be avoided, or at least considerably reduced.
  • there should be a gas atmosphere in the further chamber which contains a smaller proportion of water, as a result of which the water passing through the membrane can be absorbed and discharged with the gas.
  • air with reduced water content can be passed through one or more other chamber (s), which can absorb the water.
  • Water absorption and possibly also water drainage should be carried out at certain time intervals and / or always after a process leading to coloring or decolorization from further chambers.
  • the required stability can be provided in the form of a film cushion / air cushion if the internal pressure is sufficiently high Lightweight element can be achieved.
  • the walls of chambers are preferably formed from electromagnetic radiation, at least partially transparent, flexible foils.
  • Suitable polymer films are suitable for this.
  • the transparency does not have to be in the entire spectral range of visible light.
  • the spectral range of such a polymer film should be transparent, which can be influenced by the respective gas-chromic substance.
  • Membrane can be further suppressed compared to these gases.
  • the gasochromic coating itself can be designed in such a way that it reduces the permeation of the gases water, hydrogen and / or oxygen. This is particularly advantageous if the gas-chrome coating is applied to an outward-facing wall, since it additionally prevents water penetrating from the outside.
  • the gaschrome coating can be expanded by an additional barrier layer, for example made of silicon oxide and / or alumina. This can easily be integrated into the coating process.
  • a lightweight component can also be designed as a chamber system with several chambers.
  • a plurality of separate chambers having a gas-chromium coating can be separated from at least one further chamber by means of a permeable membrane. Moisture protection desired in accordance with the invention and, if desired, discoloration or decoloration on selected chambers can thus be initiated.
  • a plurality of chambers which are separate from one another can also be connected to a chamber having a gas-chromium coating via a plurality of membranes.
  • the walls of chambers should have a significantly reduced permeability (or more precisely mass current density) for water than the separating membranes. This can be achieved by suitable selection of polymers and / or greater thicknesses of polymer films.
  • polymer films in the thickness range 0.05 to 0.5 mm, preferably in the range 0.1 to 0.3 mm, can be used.
  • Suitable polymers are, for example, fluorinated polymers, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyester, polysulfone, polyethylene and polypropylene.
  • ETCFE ethylene-chlorotri-fluoroethylene
  • ETFE ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene
  • Popylene FEP
  • PCTFE Polychlorotrifluoroethylene
  • PTFE Po- lytetrafluoroethylene
  • PVDF polyvinyl fluoride
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • ethylene tetrafluoroethylene has a permeability to water at 25 ° C. of typically 0.1 g * mm / (m2 * day) to 0.8 g * mm / (m2 * day).
  • the permeability of some typical polymeric film materials is in a range from 0.005 g * mm / (m2 * day) to 100 g * mm / (m2 * day).
  • the walls of the chambers and also membranes can be integrally bonded to one another in a conventional form and can also be sealed from the ambient atmosphere and from one another.
  • Spacers can also be provided within chambers, with which certain distances between the walls, contouring and increased stability can be achieved. Spacers can be welded,
  • Weld lines or welded foils can be obtained.
  • influence can also be exerted by adjusting the internal pressure in different chambers, which can also be of different sizes in the chambers of a lightweight component.
  • Lightweight structural elements according to the invention can advantageously also be designed such that the internal volume of one or more chambers with gas-chromic coating is smaller than the internal volume of at least one another chamber which is / are separated from the chamber (s) provided with a coating by means of a membrane. This also makes it possible to provide a larger gas volume for the absorption of water from coated chambers.
  • Suitable gases or gas mixtures from gas storage elements e.g. Pressurized gas containers are introduced into coated chambers and then drained again.
  • an inert gas can also be circulated through coated chambers and the respective reactive gas can then be mixed in if necessary. In this way, a partially closed system can be obtained.
  • a light construction element with two chambers 1 and 2 is shown in the leftmost representation. Both chambers are made of an ETFE film with a thickness of 0.3 mm and connected to each other. They are separated from one another by means of the membrane 3.
  • the membrane 3 is also formed from an ETFE film with a thickness of 0.1 mm and is therefore permeable to water from the chamber 1.
  • the inside of the wall of the chamber 1 has been provided with a coating from WO 3 , which may also contain a catalytically active component or on which a catalytically active overcoating, such as platinum, has been formed (not shown).
  • the gas supply and discharge for the coloring / decoloring takes place via the connections shown.
  • Dried air can be supplied and discharged through the chamber 2 here via connections arranged above and below.
  • the proportion of water in the dried air is at least temporarily smaller than the proportion of water contained in the chamber 1 and which has penetrated into the chamber 1 from the outside or has been reactively formed therein. As a result, water can pass from the chamber 1 through the membrane 3 into the chamber 2, be taken up by the air with a reduced water content and thus be discharged, so that a gradient of the water content between the chambers 1 and 2 can be maintained.
  • FIG. 2 further shows that better thermal insulation can be achieved by introducing a further film 5. This is advantageous because the colored gasochromic film becomes warm when the sun shines, so that the further film 5 also prevents heat from getting inside.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example in which two chambers 2 are arranged on the outside, into or through the air with a reduced water content for taking up and possibly removing water from a plurality of chambers 1, which are gas-chromated Coating are provided.
  • the chambers 1 are arranged at least almost in the middle of the two chambers 2 and are each separated from them by membranes.
  • the advantage of this embodiment is the fact that more efficient drying can be achieved with two membranes.
  • the second membrane has the additional effect that water penetrating from the outside is better kept out.
  • a gas with a suitable composition in each case can be introduced into one or more of the chambers 1 and held therein or also passed through until a change in state desired and for this purpose the respective other gas composition is fed into chamber (s) 1.
  • a fully open system a partially closed system with bottled gas and a partially closed system with an electrolyzer.
  • the gas for changing the optical property of the gas-chromic chamber is made available entirely from gas bottles and released to the environment.
  • the gas is always composed of an inert carrier gas (eg N 2 or Ar) and a reactive gas (H 2 or O 2 ). Concentrations of the reactive gases of approx. 1% are sufficient.
  • the gas is recirculated as before.
  • the reactive gases are generated by an electrolyzer.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

Elément de construction léger optiquement transparent qui comporte au moins deux chambres (1, 2) séparées l'une de l'autre. Au moins une (1) des chambres est pourvue à l'intérieur, au moins dans certaines zones, d'un revêtement gazochrome, et l'on fait passer en alternance des gaz appropriés dans cette chambre pour colorer, puis pour décolorer ledit revêtement.
PCT/EP2006/011715 2005-12-08 2006-12-06 Element de construction leger optiquement transparent WO2007065657A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005058712A DE102005058712B4 (de) 2005-12-08 2005-12-08 Optisch transparentes Leichtbauelement
DE102005058712.7 2005-12-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007065657A1 true WO2007065657A1 (fr) 2007-06-14

Family

ID=37890482

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2006/011715 WO2007065657A1 (fr) 2005-12-08 2006-12-06 Element de construction leger optiquement transparent

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102005058712B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007065657A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202007016990U1 (de) * 2007-11-02 2009-03-26 Vector Foiltec Gmbh Gebäudeumhüllungselement
CN101806119B (zh) * 2009-02-17 2014-09-10 维克多福伊特克公司 建筑物外包元件
DE102009050643A1 (de) 2009-10-26 2011-05-05 Leicht Structural Engineering And Specialist Consulting Gmbh Leichtbauelement
DE102010010169A1 (de) 2010-03-03 2011-09-08 Solardynamik Gmbh Ein dynamisches Trägersystem für flexible oder starre Solarzellen zur autarken und optimalen Stromerzeugung mit Druckluft- und Sensortechnologie auf Polymerer Basis

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5096549A (en) * 1987-03-08 1992-03-17 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Dehumidifier and method of using
EP1345071A1 (fr) * 2002-03-11 2003-09-17 National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Matériau pour un miroir commutable comprenant une couche mince avec du magnesium
US20040021921A1 (en) * 2002-05-17 2004-02-05 Richardson Thomas J. Electrochromic devices based on lithium insertion
EP1421437B1 (fr) * 2001-08-28 2005-01-19 INTERPANE Entwicklungs- und Beratungsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG Systeme comportant un element de vitrification et dispositif d'alimentation en gaz

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4440572C2 (de) * 1994-11-14 1997-05-07 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Verglasungselement mit variabler Transmission

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5096549A (en) * 1987-03-08 1992-03-17 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Dehumidifier and method of using
EP1421437B1 (fr) * 2001-08-28 2005-01-19 INTERPANE Entwicklungs- und Beratungsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG Systeme comportant un element de vitrification et dispositif d'alimentation en gaz
EP1345071A1 (fr) * 2002-03-11 2003-09-17 National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Matériau pour un miroir commutable comprenant une couche mince avec du magnesium
US20040021921A1 (en) * 2002-05-17 2004-02-05 Richardson Thomas J. Electrochromic devices based on lithium insertion

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102005058712B4 (de) 2007-11-08
DE102005058712A1 (de) 2007-06-14

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