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WO2007042745A1 - Suppresseur d'appetit a base de chocolat - Google Patents

Suppresseur d'appetit a base de chocolat Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2007042745A1
WO2007042745A1 PCT/GB2006/003392 GB2006003392W WO2007042745A1 WO 2007042745 A1 WO2007042745 A1 WO 2007042745A1 GB 2006003392 W GB2006003392 W GB 2006003392W WO 2007042745 A1 WO2007042745 A1 WO 2007042745A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
theobromine
chocolate
cocoa
composition
weight
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2006/003392
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Albert Zumbe
Original Assignee
Albert Zumbe
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Albert Zumbe filed Critical Albert Zumbe
Publication of WO2007042745A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007042745A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/2013—Organic compounds, e.g. phospholipids, fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23G1/00—Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
    • A23G1/30—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
    • A23G1/32—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23G1/00—Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
    • A23G1/30—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
    • A23G1/32—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
    • A23G1/48—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds containing plants or parts thereof, e.g. fruits, seeds or extracts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23G3/00—Sweetmeats; Confectionery; Marzipan; Coated or filled products
    • A23G3/34—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof
    • A23G3/36—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23G4/00—Chewing gum
    • A23G4/06—Chewing gum characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23G9/00—Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor
    • A23G9/32—Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/30—Dietetic or nutritional methods, e.g. for losing weight
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
    • A61K31/519—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic rings
    • A61K31/52—Purines, e.g. adenine
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0053—Mouth and digestive tract, i.e. intraoral and peroral administration
    • A61K9/0056—Mouth soluble or dispersible forms; Suckable, eatable, chewable coherent forms; Forms rapidly disintegrating in the mouth; Lozenges; Lollipops; Bite capsules; Baked products; Baits or other oral forms for animals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/2068—Compounds of unknown constitution, e.g. material from plants or animals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/04—Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents

Definitions

  • This invention relates to compositions for appetite suppression and reducing weight in humans and/or other species that can tolerate cocoa and/or theobromine, and more particularly to compositions that contain chocolate which has been enhanced in natural theobromine or synthetic theobromine.
  • Chocolate bars normally contains in the order of 29 - 45% of fat by weight. With chocolate formulations of less than this it becomes increasingly difficult to mould and/or use the chocolate as a coating.
  • Chocolate chips usually contain between 24 - 30 % fat by weight.
  • This invention relates not to theobromine consumption alone but in the presence of chocolate, which has a synergistic effect on appetite suppression over and above the two separate components.
  • the active ingredients therefore are chocolate or chocolate extract or cocoa or cocoa extract together with enhanced concentrations of theobromine over and above the quantities normally present in standard cocoa commodities such are cocoa bean, cocoa liquor, cocoa powder and chocolate.
  • Theobromine is a known alkaloid and stimulant and it has been widely reported to have a food suppressant effect and it has been proposed in weight loss formulations, but never in formulations comprising of cocoa without the addition of over non cocoa related functional ingredients and or in formulations of chocolate without the addition of other non cocoa related functional ingredients.
  • This patent is about the synergistic effect of the individual components, namely of theobromine together with reduced fat chocolate and / or reduced fat cocoa.
  • the naturally occurring theobromine content of cocoa powder ( 10-12 % total fat ) is in the range of between 1- 2.5% by weight. In plain chocolate there is usually in the order of 0.5 - 1.5% by weight.
  • Theobromine is a mild diuretic, a mind stimulant ( on the cardiovascular system, the muscular system and the central nervous system ), it can lower the blood pressure because it can dilute the blood vessels, and also has relaxing effects creating a feeling of well being.. It has a long lasting effect in that it is broken down to about 50% in the blood stream after 6 to 10 hours. It increases the metabolic rate and stimulate the breakdown of fat ( lipolysis).
  • Overweight and obesity are chronic conditions not only associated with the social stigma of being unattractive and undesirable, but it is also associated with decreased longevity and many pathological conditions such as diabetes, varicose veins, arthritis, heart disease and cancer to name but a few.
  • Over weight and obesity is characterised by the excessive accumulation of fat in the body and as a consequence of a caloric intake that surpasses the energy expenditure. The excessive fat is not metabolised and there is a gradual deposition of fat in the body; and when this is above 20% of the ideal weight ( as described for example in the Metropolitan Height and Weight tables in Jama, 260, 2547-48, 1988 ) the person concerned is described as obese.
  • the objective of this invention is to provide a composition and regimen that is useful in helping persons not only to reduce body weight but also not to put in on in the first place.
  • Such an invention as proposed will result in maintenance of a lowered body weight over a long period with the unpleasant side effects that are commonly experienced with prescription drugs.
  • the present invention is directed to a composition comprising chocolate which is enhanced with theobromine to a level that is higher that that normally inherently present in cocoa liquor or cocoa powder.
  • Cocoa contains a number of chemical substances whose influence on human and/or animal physiology is not fully understood. These include but is not limited to for example biogenic amines such as phenylethylamine and tyramine which act as neurotransmitters. Phenylethylamine stimulates the brain in much the same way as amphetamine. Tyramine has a similar effect of epinephrine These substances effect mood swing by causing an emotional high , which can be associated with a feeling of alertness and contentment. Another class of substances are the flavenoids, and include catechin, epicatechin and proanthocyadins and are all powerful antioxidants and there role may also be implicated in the synergistic effect.
  • cocoa dies contain some caffeine. Cocoa powder usually contains about 0.1 % caffeine by weight and plain chocolate about 0.05% caffeine by weight. Caffeine is a well known stimulant although the amounts present are indeed quite small. Chocolate also contains some sugar and the rapid absorption of sugar into the blood stream will lead to a rush of glucose to the brain this may contribute to a feeling of contentment. In contract cocoa contains virtually no sugar and is considered to be a low digestible carbohydrate food.
  • cocoa reacts with the sugar in what is described as Maillard reactions which creates pleasant flavours and aromas usually associated with chocolate.
  • the conching also removes the acidic volatiles normally associated with cocoa.
  • caramelisation reactions There may also be some caramelisation reactions. It is no wonder then that chocolate has a much more pleasant taste than cocoa which is acid, bitter and somewhat astringent. For this very reason cocoa is virtually always sweetened with sugar prior to consumption.
  • compositions in this invention contain much less calories because the formulations are presented principally as dietary supplements for example capsules or tablet or gum in which over a few grams need be consumed.
  • compositions are safe and effective when used as directed and side effects are minor or none.
  • the appropriate active components may be formulated for administration by any conventional route such as rectal, nasal, topical ( dermal) or parental.
  • the composition may be in the form of tablets, capsules, suspensions, chewing gum, emulsions, solutions, suppositories, sprays or preparations that can be injected.
  • Tablets for oral use contain the active ingredients that are usually present in inert admixtures necessary for manufacturing the table for example inert diluents such as calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, lactose sodium phosphate etc; granulating and disintegration agents such as starches, maltodextrins; and lubricating agents for example magnesium stearate or talc.
  • Other acceptable excipients include colouring agents, plasticisers, humecatants etc.
  • the tablets may optionally be coated.
  • the active ingredients of the appetite suppression compositions can also be incorporated into slow release formulations by delaying disintegration and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract.
  • Glycerol monosterate or glycerol distearate are such know substances, although many techniques are known in the art.
  • the inactive excipients in a tablet may include for example calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate, macrocrystalline cellulose, stearic acid, silica or magnesium stearate.
  • the active ingredients may also be incorporated into a soft or hard gel capsule either by themselves or by mixing the active ingredients with water or an oil medium such as liquid paraffin or edible oil and enclosing it within the capsule or gel capsule.
  • the active ingredients can also be administered as an oral liquid form by suspending the active ingredients in an aqueous solution in a mixture with dispersion agents, wetting agents suspension agents and preservation agents or thickening agents. These agents are when known in the art.
  • the active ingredients may also be delivered parenterally in dosage forms consistent with conventional pharmaceutically acceptable carriers and adjuvants.
  • the chocolate and cocoa components are limited soluble to extracts and synthetic theobromine or other soluble theobromine containin -g ⁇ h • erbal extracts.
  • suitable dosage forms for the active ingredients according to the present invention include suppositories ( emulsion or suspension types ), and rectal gelatins capsules ( either in solution or suspension ) .
  • suppositories emulsion or suspension types
  • rectal gelatins capsules either in solution or suspension
  • a typical suppository formulation the active principles would mixed into pharmaceutical grade cocoa butter, esterified acids, glycerinated gelatin, and acceptable water soluble or dispersible bases such as polyethylene glycols and polyethylene glycols and polyoxyehtylene sorbitan fatty acid esters.
  • formulations include for example the incorporation of theobromine ( either synthetic, or solvent extracts of chocolate or cocoa which are enriched in natural theobromine or other herbal extracts rich in theobromine ) into chocolate mass , chocolate or cocoa powder, and / or chocolate or cocoa beverage preparations incorporated in dry mixes or ready to drink beverages.
  • theobromine either synthetic, or solvent extracts of chocolate or cocoa which are enriched in natural theobromine or other herbal extracts rich in theobromine
  • This invention also includes sugar confectionery of all descriptions into which both of the appropriate active ingredients are incorporated into the formulation.
  • a feeling of appetite suppression and satiety was reported by individuals after a few days. The majority of individuals cut down on the amount they ate and did not feel the same need to snack in between meals.
  • a feeling of appetite suppression and satiety was reported by individuals after a few days. The majority of individuals cut down on the amount they ate and did not feel the same need to snack in between meals.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Diabetes (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Obesity (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des compositions à base de chocolat qui, une fois consommées normalement, agissent comme suppresseur d'appétit, contribuent à réduire le poids et à conserver la perte de poids de façon durable. La composition comprend de la poudre de chocolat et/ou de l'extrait de chocolat à teneur en matières grasses réduite, avec des teneurs accrues en théobromine naturelle ou synthétique.
PCT/GB2006/003392 2005-10-14 2006-09-12 Suppresseur d'appetit a base de chocolat WO2007042745A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0520917.6 2005-10-14
GBGB0520917.6A GB0520917D0 (en) 2005-10-14 2005-10-14 Chocolate based appetite suppressant

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007042745A1 true WO2007042745A1 (fr) 2007-04-19

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2006/003392 WO2007042745A1 (fr) 2005-10-14 2006-09-12 Suppresseur d'appetit a base de chocolat

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GB (1) GB0520917D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007042745A1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009103164A1 (fr) * 2008-02-22 2009-08-27 Northern Innovations And Formulations Corp. Compositions anti-obésité comprenant de l'orlistat et divers produits naturels
US20100173042A1 (en) * 2008-12-12 2010-07-08 Andrew McShea Chocolate extract, process of making, and uses thereof
WO2011003705A1 (fr) * 2009-07-06 2011-01-13 Unilever Nv Produit alimentaire contenant deux sections qui contiennent un composé de goût amer à différentes concentrations, et procédé pour réduire l'amertume employant ledit produit alimentaire
US8597692B2 (en) 2007-04-26 2013-12-03 Barry Callebaut Ag Cocoa extract and use thereof
US8603547B2 (en) 2007-04-26 2013-12-10 Barry Callebaut Ag Use of cocoa extract
US8709503B2 (en) 2007-04-26 2014-04-29 Barry Callebaut Ag Use of cocoa extract
US8765191B2 (en) 2007-10-08 2014-07-01 Barry Callebaut Ag Cocoa extracts for use in providing skin benefits
EP2571502B1 (fr) * 2010-05-19 2016-04-27 Unilever N.V. Théobromine pour augmenter le cholestérol hdl

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL7902214A (nl) * 1978-11-10 1980-05-13 Iwatani & Co Werkwijze ter bereiding van cacaopoeder.
WO1998002165A1 (fr) * 1996-07-17 1998-01-22 Nutracorp Scientific, Inc. Coupe-faim
EP0941666A1 (fr) * 1998-03-12 1999-09-15 Societe Des Produits Nestle S.A. Chocolat aggloméré à teneur réduite en matières grasses
WO2002074321A1 (fr) * 2001-03-21 2002-09-26 N.V. Nutricia Composition comportant du cacao et un agoniste du recepteur d2 de la dopamine
WO2002078746A1 (fr) * 2001-03-30 2002-10-10 Altaffer, Paulo Nouvelle composition a base de chocolat utilisee comme systeme d'administration de nutriants et de medicaments
WO2003090673A2 (fr) * 2002-04-22 2003-11-06 Rtc Research & Development, Llc. Compositions et methodes pour favoriser la perte de poids, la thermogenese, la diminution de la faim, une masse musculaire maigre, augmenter le metabolisme et amplifier les niveaux energetiques et utilisation en tant que complement alimentaire chez des mammiferes
US20040180077A1 (en) * 2003-03-05 2004-09-16 Riker Donald K. Rapidly dissolving edible strips for treating obesity
WO2004082609A2 (fr) * 2003-03-14 2004-09-30 Pro-Health, Inc. Composition et procede destines a supprimer l'appetit et l'etat de besoin et a ameliorer l'humeur
WO2006034463A2 (fr) * 2004-09-23 2006-03-30 Herbalife International, Inc. Complement a base de plantes permettant de favoriser la perte de poids

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL7902214A (nl) * 1978-11-10 1980-05-13 Iwatani & Co Werkwijze ter bereiding van cacaopoeder.
WO1998002165A1 (fr) * 1996-07-17 1998-01-22 Nutracorp Scientific, Inc. Coupe-faim
EP0941666A1 (fr) * 1998-03-12 1999-09-15 Societe Des Produits Nestle S.A. Chocolat aggloméré à teneur réduite en matières grasses
WO2002074321A1 (fr) * 2001-03-21 2002-09-26 N.V. Nutricia Composition comportant du cacao et un agoniste du recepteur d2 de la dopamine
WO2002078746A1 (fr) * 2001-03-30 2002-10-10 Altaffer, Paulo Nouvelle composition a base de chocolat utilisee comme systeme d'administration de nutriants et de medicaments
US20020192316A1 (en) * 2001-03-30 2002-12-19 Paulo Altaffer Novel chocolate composition as delivery system for nutrients and medications
WO2003090673A2 (fr) * 2002-04-22 2003-11-06 Rtc Research & Development, Llc. Compositions et methodes pour favoriser la perte de poids, la thermogenese, la diminution de la faim, une masse musculaire maigre, augmenter le metabolisme et amplifier les niveaux energetiques et utilisation en tant que complement alimentaire chez des mammiferes
US20040180077A1 (en) * 2003-03-05 2004-09-16 Riker Donald K. Rapidly dissolving edible strips for treating obesity
WO2004082609A2 (fr) * 2003-03-14 2004-09-30 Pro-Health, Inc. Composition et procede destines a supprimer l'appetit et l'etat de besoin et a ameliorer l'humeur
WO2006034463A2 (fr) * 2004-09-23 2006-03-30 Herbalife International, Inc. Complement a base de plantes permettant de favoriser la perte de poids

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8597692B2 (en) 2007-04-26 2013-12-03 Barry Callebaut Ag Cocoa extract and use thereof
US8603547B2 (en) 2007-04-26 2013-12-10 Barry Callebaut Ag Use of cocoa extract
US8709503B2 (en) 2007-04-26 2014-04-29 Barry Callebaut Ag Use of cocoa extract
US8765191B2 (en) 2007-10-08 2014-07-01 Barry Callebaut Ag Cocoa extracts for use in providing skin benefits
WO2009103164A1 (fr) * 2008-02-22 2009-08-27 Northern Innovations And Formulations Corp. Compositions anti-obésité comprenant de l'orlistat et divers produits naturels
US20100173042A1 (en) * 2008-12-12 2010-07-08 Andrew McShea Chocolate extract, process of making, and uses thereof
WO2011003705A1 (fr) * 2009-07-06 2011-01-13 Unilever Nv Produit alimentaire contenant deux sections qui contiennent un composé de goût amer à différentes concentrations, et procédé pour réduire l'amertume employant ledit produit alimentaire
EP2571502B1 (fr) * 2010-05-19 2016-04-27 Unilever N.V. Théobromine pour augmenter le cholestérol hdl
US11806352B2 (en) 2010-05-19 2023-11-07 Upfield Europe B.V. Theobromine for increasing HDL-cholesterol

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