WO2006117065A1

WO2006117065A1 - Device and method for treating composite elements

Info

Publication number: WO2006117065A1
Application number: PCT/EP2006/003483
Authority: WO
Inventors: Christoph Muther; Daniel Linz
Original assignee: Silver Cay Worldwide Corp.
Priority date: 2005-04-29
Filing date: 2006-04-15
Publication date: 2006-11-09
Also published as: EP1909960A1; AR053243A1; DE102005020441A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for treating composite elements from solid organic and/or inorganic composite materials such as composites from metal/metal, plastic/plastic, metal/plastic or mineral composites including metals and/or plastics. Said device comprises a flow path for a transport fluid carrying solid particles produced from the one or more composite elements by size-reduction and a system of subsequent tools (60) that are displaced relative to a stator (21) and that form respective tear-off edges in the direction of flow, thereby generating a vortex from the transport fluid and its solids charge. The tools (60) are spaced apart from each other on a construction circle in a plurality of superposed planes about a shaft of a rotor (34) driving them inside a cylindrical wall (20) of a stator (21). The housing defines an annular compartment (27) as the flow path between a supply channel and a discharge. The rotor (34) comprises a plurality of tools (60) that radially project from its exterior in a strip-like manner. One tool holder (36) each is mounted between the tools at a distance to the face (63) of a tool section (62) projecting into the annular compartment (27). A plurality of annular elements (40) from tool holders (36) that are arranged in a circle and tool sections (62) that project therefrom are arranged one on top of the other.

Description

Apparatus and method for treating composite elements

The invention relates to a device and a method for treating composite elements of solid organic and / or inorganic composite materials according to the preamble of the independent claims.

Composite elements of this type are, for example, tinned copper circuit traces, fiber-reinforced plastics or copper-plated aluminum wires in coextruded or laminated form. Thus, metal-metal composites - for example in coaxial cables - mainly consist of a metal carrier, for example an aluminum wire, with a galvanically or thermally applied copper layer,

Plastic-plastic joints in the application

Packaging film for food from one of polyamides

(PP) formed plastic carrier with laminated, laminated or coextruded polyethylene (PE). Plastic-metal composites are also joined together by a laminating or laminating process, e.g. in a glass fiber epoxy plate as a support with copper coating as a base material for printed circuits. Metal - plastic composites include i.a. a support made of aluminum sheet with a glued-on protective film made of polypropylene (PP) for façade panels and weather protection panels.

Even residues from the packaging area must be disposed of professionally. Especially with these coextruded and laminated products have been irreplaceable, since the composite materials in combination have good packaging properties.

In conventional processing, the decomposition of the composite element takes place via the grain or particle size, which is smaller than the respective layer thickness of the components is. This digestion is usually carried out by means of at least one-stage superfine comminution in corresponding mills, for example hammer, impact or countercurrent mills, if appropriate with the aid of nitrogen for inerting and deep cooling.

DE-OS 195 09 808 describes a method by means of which solid particles produced from the mentioned composite elements and these - such as air - are supplied to a transport fluid, relative to the flow of the mixture of solid particles and transport fluid at least one current crossing this flow obstacle as a spoiler edge is moved to the formation of the mixture accelerating aufschließenden tail vortex. At the transition into these tail vortices takes place both a sudden increase in the acceleration of the solid particles as well as their - they aufschließende - friction to each other. The mixture of transport fluid and solid particles is the separation or Aufschließvorgang at the trailing edges with an acceleration of 20 to 25 m / sec ² supplied after the composite elements to be treated coarsely crushed or have been compacted before the separation or Aufschließvorgang. The composites are here pre-crushed to particles that are above the grain size of Feinzerkleinerungen, and then fed to the separation or Aufschließzone, thus accelerated in the air stream. The individual substances in the composite are released, the physically different metallic layers as well as the plastic layers separate from each other. This detachment process takes place along the phase boundaries.

FR-A 1,562,613 discloses a crusher mill having a rotor comprising a plurality of rotary disks and a cylindrical housing in which the material to be grinded is guided by a screw to the lower rotor end and then by the air flow of a rotor above a sieve tray and below the rotor bearing - spanning fan is detected. The upwardly moving ground material is comminuted by grinding or crushing plates, which protrude radially from rotating rotor plates and are arranged close to the housing wall. These co-operating with the housing wall grinding or crushing plates are each equipped at its end with an elliptical frame; These frames run on a construction circle on the inside of the housing and are intended to increase the grinding and crushing effect. Moreover, in the crushing process according to the author of those FR-A 1,562,613 also turbulences should be involved in addition. On the housing of this crushing mill is below the fan to a bypass, the screened coarse parts again the lower inflow transmits.

DE-A-42 00827 also describes such a comminuting mill whose first outlet opening is followed by two cyclones connected downstream as separators. The millbase produced in the first cyclone is combined via a screw with the millbase of the second cyclone, and both components are removed by a rotary feeder.

A plant according to DE-A-42 13 274 contains as one of the aggregates the size reduction mill of FR-A-1,562,613 cited above and describes a special design of grinding plates mounted on the stator as well as a radial discharge channel near the grinding plates. In the discharge channel a triangular-shaped impact strip for the ground material is arranged in plan view.

In view of this prior art, the inventor has set the goal to develop a device of the type mentioned, with which an improved recovery of recyclables can be carried out without polluting the environment. The recyclables should be able to be returned to the economic cycles. moreover a method feasible with the device is presented.

To achieve this object, the teaching of the independent claims; the dependent claims indicate favorable developments. In addition, all combinations of at least two of the features disclosed in the description, the drawings and / or the claims fall within the scope of the invention. For given designation ranges, values lying within the specified limits should also be disclosed as limit values and used as desired.

According to the invention, the rotor has a plurality of radially projecting from its outer side like a strip of tools between which a tool holder is arranged in each case at a distance from the end face of a projecting into the annular space tool section; Advantageously, a plurality of annularly arranged respectively tool holders and of these protruding activatable tool sections composite ring elements are arranged one above the other.

According to a further feature of the invention, the tool holder has a wall plate with two strips molded onto them at a distance from one another, the cross-section of which tapers away from the wall plate in plan view; Preferably, each of the strips is delimited on both sides by flank surfaces which, in plan view towards the rotor shaft, are inclined cross-sectionally at an angle to an adjacent radial plane. This proviso has the consequence that the mutually associated flank surfaces of strips of adjacent tool holder in the installed position to each other approximately parallel and form a deployment gap rectangular cross-section. The width of this insert gap should correspond to the width of the holder for the tool and simplify their definition.

As low, it has been proven that the holder two an insert space for the tool forming flank plates has at one end to this molded head strip and define an insertion space between these flank plates whose width corresponds to that of an insert portion of the tool. This also leads to a favorable insertion of the tool.

It is also within the scope of the invention that protrude from the inner surface of a flank plate at least two moldings, which are formed partially circular in cross-section of the holder; the moldings of a flank plate should be offset in a Versatzmaß to the moldings of the opposite flank plate. Accordingly, the tool is designed as a counter-organ; in the side surface of an insert portion of the tool are cross-section shaped moldings of the holder corresponding longitudinal recesses formed; the longitudinal recesses of one side surface are also offset in an offset dimension to the longitudinal recesses of the other side surface.

Thanks to these specifications, it is now possible to set the tool in the holder in different clamping positions; the moldings of the holder and the longitudinal troughs according to the invention form a coupling unit with which the free length of the tool can be adjusted stepwise.

A particular stability of the device is achieved in that in each case a front surface of the holder abuts an annular wall of the rotor and preferably protrude from the rotor shaft plate-like radial walls, which engage in spaces between the holders. Also according to the invention cantilever protrude from the annular wall to the outside, to which the ring element formed from the tool holders is fixed.

About the rotor spans a ridge plate, which is preferably fixed to the rotor shaft and protects the inside of the rotor in front of the introduced via this ridge plate heap. Over the peripheral edge of the ridge plate protrude the tool sections of the tools radially out and into the annular space formed between the rotor and stator, which is connected at the top to a material input device and down to a discharge device for discharge material and an air flow path. Above the annulus, a dedusting pipe is also provided.

In the method according to the invention for treating composite elements, the feedstock or debris is in those

Annulus led to the down in these abkragenden tool sections on a spiral-like particle path and thereby crushed and guided against an ascending airflow.

Overall, an impressively favorable solution results for the task seen by the inventor.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments and from the drawing; this shows in:

Fig. 1, 2: different oblique views of a device for treating composite elements;

Fig. 3: The top view of a part of

Fig. 1, 2 in firstwärts opened state of the device with a view of a rotor;

4 shows an enlarged detail

Fig. 3;

5 shows an oblique view of a firstwardly open rotor;

6 shows an oblique view of the first-covered rotor;

Fig. 7: the plan views of an enlarged detail of the rotor of Fig. 4, 5;

8 shows an oblique view of an element of the rotor shown enlarged;

Fig. 9: the plan view of the enlarged illustrated element of the rotor in a disassembled state;

Fig. 10 is a sectional front view of a part of the device;

Fig. 11: an oblique view of the cut device; FIG. 12: plan views of the element of FIG.

7, 8, 9 in different

Operating positions;

13 is a sketch of six steps of

Preparation process;

Fig. 14: a functional sketch of the treatment process.

Composite elements of solid organic and / or inorganic composite materials - for example, metal / metal, plastic / plastic, metal / plastic or mineral compounds with metals and / or plastics - are comminuted to a particle size of about 5 mm to 50 mm and then in an impact or Aufschließvorrichtung 10 selectively unlocked by an acceleration process.

The Aufschließvorrichtung 10 includes on a plate 11 of a table-like base frame 12 a kettle-like processing vessel 14 of height h with a cylindrical - endwärtige Flanschkragen 16 having - outer wall 18 of the outer diameter d, with an inner wall 20 and a hat-shaped conical cover 22, the top 23 lies in the vertical longitudinal axis A of the processing vessel 14. From this cover 22 protrudes to the longitudinal axis A inclined material entry 24 for feed material or debris E and an outwardly curved dedusting tube 25 for discharge of dust S.

Below the - one of a material ring 19 _a covered annular space 19 containing wall 18, 20 is indicated at 26 a discharge device for discharge material P. In addition, in Fig. 1 in addition to the processing vessel 14 on an auxiliary frame 13 of the Base frame 12 to recognize the cylindrical housing 28 of a drive motor M.

3, 4 are in the interior 15 of the processing vessel 14 at a central rotor shaft 30 of its circumference at uniform intervals projecting radial walls or radial plates 32 of the free length c defined with running between them sections of a downwardly widening hopper wall 33 as parts of a Rotor 34, from which radial tool holder 36 - protrude - for likewise radial blade-like rotor tools 60 -. Each tool holder 36 has - in the installed position between two of the radial rotor tools 60 extending - wall plates 38; two adjacent wall panels 38 form a vertical gap 41 (Figure 4). In addition, project from each wall plate 38 to the rotor shaft 30 through two molded strips 44 with a central bore 48 from. The two flank surfaces 46 of each of these strips 44 are inclined inwardly at an angle w from here about 25 ° to a radial plane R in such a way that the adjacent flank walls 46 of two tool holders 36 have a rectangular insert gap 42 of width e for receiving a box-like holder 50 of the same Limit width e, in which a rotor tool 60 is set so that its free tool face 63 faces the stator 21. In the present embodiment, twelve tool holders 36 and rotor tools 60 of height q form a ring element 40, and four of these ring elements 40 are present in the rotor 34 one above the other. Between two ring members 40 between 11 inner plates are in Fig. 10, 40 to detect _a.

Removable with its parts of Fig. 5 rotor 34 rotatably supports in a - including the walls 18, 20 detecting - stator 21, of which in Fig. 6, the inner wall 20 can be seen and extending between a stator 21 and rotor 34 Annulus 27. In this case, the rotor 34 is otherwise spanned by a ridge plate 35, on which the heap stream E meets. This ridge plate 35 is fixed by means of a central screw in a threaded bore 29 of the rotor shaft 30, and its peripheral edge is surmounted in plan view of portions of the tools 60. The path of the particles through the impact device 10 indicates the curve F, the arrows C show the flow path of air.

As illustrated in particular in FIGS. 7, 9, the support 50 has two flank plates 52 running parallel to each other at a distance a, which laterally delimit an insertion space 54 for that rotor tool 60 and at one end integrally formed on a head strip 56 with a central bore 48 _a are. The outer surfaces 51 of the flank plates 52 go on the cross-section polygonal head strip 56 in two mutually inclined side surfaces 57 _g and the latter in a front surface 57 of the same width, which crosses the longitudinal axis B of HaIterung 50. From the inner surface of each of the flank plates 52 protrude - at a distance b, b _x to their inclined at an angle t end edges 53 - moldings 58 part-circular cross-section as holding teeth for the rotor tool 60, with correspondingly molded longitudinal recesses 68 in the outer surfaces of an insert section 66 of the width a _{x is} equipped. The latter is integrally formed on a tool section 62 having an end face 63 and lateral gripping indentations 64. Both the moldings 58 and the longitudinal depressions 68 of a wall side are offset in the longitudinal axis B of the holder 50 with respect to those of the opposite wall side by a Versatzmaß n. Therefore, the above-mentioned distances b, b _{x are} of different lengths. Otherwise, FIG. 4 shows that the slight inclination angle t of the end edges 53 of that flank plate 52 that can be seen in FIG. 12 causes the two mutually facing end edges 53 of adjacent supports 50 to lie in one plane as a stop for a wall plate 38 applied to them the tool holder 36. The comparison in FIG. 12 shows the selectable positions of the rotor tool 60 in its holder 50; by the interaction of existing in the latter moldings 58 with the longitudinal recesses 68 of the rotor tool 50 are for this different free lengths z - at fully inserted insert portion 66 - and Z ₁ to z ₆ adjustable, the largest length Z ₆ 1.5 times the shortest length z.

As shown in FIGS. 3, 4, 5, the rotor shaft 30 is at least partially surrounded by a sleeve 31 and the - here six - radial walls 32 of the rotor 34 pass through the mentioned a downwardly widening funnel wall 33, which in a Embodiment, the front surfaces 57 of the brackets 50 abut. From the funnel wall 33, as shown in FIG. 5 radial Kraghalter 33 _{a of} the inner surface of the wall plates 38 abut. A connected to the motor M shaft drive is indicated in Fig. 10, 11 at Q.

Fig. 13 shows the effect of the dry splitting method on a compost 80 of three layers; a light metal layer 82 is disposed between two polyethylene layers 84 (Sketch 1 of FIG. 13). In sketch 2, the pulse application is indicated, wherein the composite 80 abuts a baffle 86. In the sketches 3, 4, the composite splits 80 by impact discharge, in Figure 5, three separate layers of light metal balls 82 _a and corrugated polyethylene 84 _a shown in Fig. 6, the planar formation 84 _{b of} the polyethylene on both sides of the light metal balls 82 _a ,

FIG. 14 gives a sketch-like overview of the method described above.

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS

1. An apparatus for treating composite elements made of solid organic and / or inorganic composite materials such as metal / metal, plastic / plastic, metal / plastic or mineral composites with metals and / or plastics, with a flow path for one of the composite element / s transport fluid carrying solid particles produced by comminution and with a family of successive tools (60) moving relative to a stator (21), each in the flow direction forming a trailing edge for generating a vortex from the transport fluid and its solid matter, said tools (60) spaced apart on a construction circle in a plurality of superimposed planes about a rotating shaft (30) of a rotor (34) within a cylindrical wall (18, 20) of a stator (21) are arranged and the housing (14) with the between a feed channel (24) and a discharge (26) an annular space (27) as Ström determined

characterized,

in that the rotor (34) has a plurality of tools (60) protruding radially from its outer side, between which a tool holder (36) is arranged at a distance from the end face (63) of a tool section (62) projecting into the annular space (27).

2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by a plurality of superposed ring elements (40) from each annularly arranged tool holders (36) and projecting from these tool sections (62).

3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the tool holder (36) has a wall plate (38) with two mutually formed on these at a distance molded strips (44) whose cross-section tapers away from the wall plate.

4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the strip (44) on both sides by flank surfaces (46) is limited to the rotor shaft (30) out at an angle (w) to an adjacent radial plane (R) are mutually inclined cross-section.

5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the mutually associated flank surfaces (46) of strips (44) of adjacent tool holder (36) in the installed position to each other approximately parallel and form an insert gap (42).

6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the width (e) of the insert gap (42) corresponds to the width of the holder (50) for the tool (60).

7. Apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the holder (50) has two an insertion space (54) for the tool (60) forming flank plates (52) on an integrally formed on this head strip (56) and between these one Insertion space (54) whose width corresponds to that of an insert portion (66) of the tool (60).

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that protrude from the inner surface of a flank plate (52) at least two moldings (58) which are formed part-circular in cross-section of the holder, wherein the moldings of a Flank plate offset in an offset measure (s) to the moldings of the opposite flank plate.

9. Apparatus according to claim 7 and 8, characterized in that in the side surface of an insert portion (66) of the tool (60) cross-section the moldings (58) of the holder (50) corresponding longitudinal recesses (68) formed and the longitudinal recesses of a side surface in an offset measure (s) are offset to the longitudinal wells of the other side surface.

10. Apparatus according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the moldings (58) of the holder

(50) and the longitudinal troughs (68) of the tool (60) form a free length (z, Z ₁ to Z ₆ ) stepwise adjustable coupling unit.

11. Device according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that in each case a front surface (57) of the holder (50) of an annular wall (33) of the rotor (34) rests.

12. Device according to one of claims 4 to 11, characterized in that protrude from the rotor shaft (30) plate-like radial walls (32) which engage in spaces between the brackets (50).

13. The apparatus of claim 11 or 12, characterized in that protrude from the annular wall (33) outwardly Kraghalter (33 _a ) to which the from the tool holders (36) formed ring member (40) is fixed.

14. Device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the rotor (34) of a First plate (35) overlapped and this is preferably fixed to the rotor shaft (30).

15. The apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the tool sections (62) of the

Tools (60) protrude radially beyond the peripheral edge of the ridge plate (35).

16. The apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that the tool sections (62) of the

Tools (60) protrude into the annulus (27) formed between the rotor (34) and stator (21), which is connected at the top to a material introduction means (24) and down to a discharge device (26) for discharge material (P) ,

17. The apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that above the annular space (27) a dedusting pipe (25) is provided.

18. Apparatus according to claim 16 or 17, characterized by a in the lower region of the annular space (27) connected to the air flow path (c).

19. The device according to at least one of claims 1 to 18, characterized by at least one further disclosed in the drawing and / or the description feature.

20. A method for treating composite elements made of solid organic and / or inorganic composite materials such as metal / metal, plastic / plastic, metal / plastic or mineral composites with metals and / or plastics, with a flow path for one of the composite element / s produced by crushing solid particles carrying transport fluid and with a bevy of successive, relative to a Stator moving tools, each forming a trailing edge in the flow direction for generating a vortex of the transport fluid and its solids load, with a device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the feed material or debris in an annular space in these projecting tool sections (62 ) is guided downwards on a spiral-like particle path (F) and thereby comminuted and guided against an ascending air flow.

21. The method according to claim 20, characterized by at least one further disclosed in the drawing and / or the description feature.