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WO2006116929A1 - Procédé de transmission de données à multiplexe temporel - Google Patents

Procédé de transmission de données à multiplexe temporel Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006116929A1
WO2006116929A1 PCT/CN2006/000837 CN2006000837W WO2006116929A1 WO 2006116929 A1 WO2006116929 A1 WO 2006116929A1 CN 2006000837 W CN2006000837 W CN 2006000837W WO 2006116929 A1 WO2006116929 A1 WO 2006116929A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tdm
data
information
logical port
receiving side
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2006/000837
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Xuyong Wu
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Priority to EP06722415A priority Critical patent/EP1744479B1/en
Priority to US11/569,154 priority patent/US7720088B2/en
Priority to DE602006004798T priority patent/DE602006004798D1/de
Publication of WO2006116929A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006116929A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/64—Hybrid switching systems
    • H04L12/6418—Hybrid transport
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/46—Interconnection of networks
    • H04L12/4633—Interconnection of networks using encapsulation techniques, e.g. tunneling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/16—Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
    • H04L69/161—Implementation details of TCP/IP or UDP/IP stack architecture; Specification of modified or new header fields
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
    • H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
    • H04L69/322—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
    • H04L69/324—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the data link layer [OSI layer 2], e.g. HDLC
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/64—Hybrid switching systems
    • H04L12/6418—Hybrid transport
    • H04L2012/6445—Admission control
    • H04L2012/6459—Multiplexing, e.g. TDMA, CDMA
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/22—Parsing or analysis of headers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
    • H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13204—Protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13216—Code signals, frame structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13292—Time division multiplexing, TDM
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13389—LAN, internet

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communication technologies, and more particularly to a time division multiplexing (TDM) data transmission method.
  • TDM time division multiplexing
  • the TDM data transmission method based on packet switching in the prior art is: setting a TDM data interface and a normal packet data interface simultaneously on the packet switching device, and processing the received TDM data in the same manner as the packet data, that is, receiving
  • the TDM data stream is layer-by-layer encapsulated in the manner specified by the existing protocol.
  • the protocol layer of the specific package is shown in Figure 1, including Ethernet/ATM protocol, IP protocol, Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) or User Datagram Protocol ( A series of format protocols, such as UDP), Real-Time Protocol (RTP), and Real-Time Control Protocol (RTCP), to transform TDM service data into a packet format, and then adapt the obtained data packet, and finally carry the data packet to the corresponding Transfer in the protocol data unit.
  • each layer of the package will add a certain number of encapsulation headers.
  • the data payload will occupy a very small proportion of the entire packet, which will eventually lead to a reduction in bandwidth utilization and transmission efficiency.
  • the following takes the 802.16 protocol of the radio access network as an example to illustrate the above problems, for example: the second layer uses the Ethernet protocol, and the third layer uses the Ipv4 encapsulation. Since the traditional TDM voice channel bandwidth is 64 Kbps, one TDM data is transmitted every 20 ms.
  • the frame calculation is to send 160 bytes of TDM data every 20ms, and the package of each TDM data frame is as shown in FIG.
  • the RTP header, and the CRC32 and FCS32 of the second layer and the third layer respectively increase the check tail of 4 bytes, and all the packing overheads add up to a total of 66 bytes, so the data payload is occupied in the entire PDU, that is, The effective utilization of bandwidth is only ⁇ X 100% « 70%.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a TDM data transmission method, which solves the problem of low bandwidth effective utilization existing in the existing TDM data transmission scheme.
  • the present invention provides a time division multiplexing data transmission method, which includes: setting a TDM logical port on a transmitting side and a receiving side, and establishing a correspondence between a transmitting side TDM logical port and a receiving side TDM logical port. And storing the corresponding relationship on the sending side and the receiving side respectively, the method comprising the following steps:
  • the TDM. data is mapped to the TDM logical port, and then the encapsulation information is obtained, and the data stream and the corresponding relationship index information output from the TDM logical port are encapsulated into data packets according to the obtained encapsulation information, and finally the data is The packet is sent to the receiving side;
  • the decapsulation information is obtained according to the corresponding relationship index information in the received data packet, and then the data packet is decapsulated according to the obtained decapsulation information, and the decapsulated data is mapped to the receiving side TDM logical port.
  • the encapsulation information is stored corresponding to the TDM logical port information of the sending side
  • the step of acquiring the encapsulation information includes: acquiring encapsulation information corresponding to the TDM logical port information of the sending side;
  • the corresponding relationship index information is a receiving side TDM logical port identifier;
  • the decapsulation information is stored corresponding to the receiving side TDM logical port information, and the step of acquiring the decapsulation information according to the corresponding relationship index information includes: querying the receiving side TDM logical port identifier carried in the received data packet The corresponding receiving side TDM logical port information acquires decapsulation information according to the queried receiving side TDM logical port information.
  • the method further includes: establishing a logical connection based on the transmitting side TDM logical port and the receiving side TDM logical port that have a corresponding relationship with each other, and assigning a connection identifier CID to the connection, and then storing the CID on the transmitting side and the receiving side respectively Connection information, and the correspondence between the TDM logical port on the transmitting side and the TDM logical port on the receiving side is: Corresponding relationship between the sending side TDM logical port and the receiving side TDM logical port and the CID; on the sending side, the encapsulation information is stored corresponding to the sending side connection information; the step of obtaining the encapsulation information includes: according to the stored correspondence Obtaining a CID corresponding to the TDM logical port of the sending side, and then acquiring, according to the CID, the encapsulation information corresponding to the corresponding sending side connection information; and the corresponding relationship index information is a CID;
  • the decapsulation information is stored corresponding to the receiving side connection information, and the obtaining decapsulation information is: querying corresponding receiving side connection information according to the CID carried in the received data packet, and then acquiring the receiving side The decapsulation information corresponding to the connection information.
  • the storing the corresponding relationship on the transmitting side and the receiving side respectively includes: establishing, on the transmitting side and the receiving side, respectively, a correspondence relationship table including a sending side TDM logical port identifier and a receiving side TDM logical port identifier.
  • the TDM logical port is located at the media access control MAC layer; the step of encapsulating the data stream and the corresponding relationship index information output by the TDM logical port into a data packet includes: a data flow output by the TDM logical port
  • the universal MAC header is encapsulated into a MAC packet, and the corresponding relationship index information is included in the universal MAC header.
  • the step of mapping the TDM data to the set TDM logical port comprises: extracting data of the set time slot TS from the TDM data frame, wherein the set time slot is based on Determined by the set TDM logical port information;
  • the step of encapsulating the data stream and the corresponding relationship index information outputted by the TDM logical port into a data packet according to the obtained encapsulation information includes: segmenting the data stream output from the TDM logical port according to the set segment length, and extracting each Segmentation data to form a data payload portion of the data packet; then adding the corresponding relationship index information to the header, and finally encapsulating the data payload and header into a data packet; wherein the segment length is based on the obtained The package information is determined.
  • the segment length is a whole of a physical layer frame timing period. Reciprocal of multiples or integers.
  • the method further includes: determining, according to the data source, whether the received data is TDM data, and if yes, performing the step of mapping the received TDM data to the set TDM logical port; otherwise And allocating a CID according to the header information of the received packet data, and then performing packet adaptation processing and encapsulation editing on the received packet data, and finally transmitting the packet data to the receiving side;
  • the receiving side further includes: determining, according to the CID in the received data packet, whether the data is TDM data, and if yes, performing the obtaining the decapsulation information according to the corresponding relationship index information in the received data packet.
  • the step of transmitting the data packet to the receiving side is: transmitting an integer number of fixed length data packets in at least one physical frame timing period.
  • the mapping between the TDM logical port on the transmitting side and the TDM logical port in the receiving side includes: a direct configuration mode of the base station or a dynamic application initiation mode of the terminal.
  • the solution of the present invention mainly adopts: setting a TDM logical port on the transmitting side and the receiving side of the communication system based on the shared transmission medium, and establishing a correspondence between the transmitting side TDM logical port and the receiving side TDM logical port;
  • the original TDM data is mapped into a packet data format through the set TDM logical port, and then the obtained packet data and the connection identifier (CID) are encapsulated into a MAC data packet according to the preset package information, and finally
  • the data packet is sent to the receiving side through the shared transmission medium; and on the receiving side, the MAC layer acquires the decapsulation information and the corresponding receiving side TDM logical port information according to the CID in the received data packet, and then decapsulates the data packet, and finally The decapsulated data is mapped to the corresponding receiving side TDM logical port, thereby finally realizing the transmission of the TDM data.
  • the method of the present invention is mainly directed to a connection problem with a shared transmission medium, there is no port switching problem, no Layer 2 switching, no network routing problem, no Layer 3 routing protocol support, and the service involved in the present invention is Connection-based, so there is no need to classify the data, and there is no need to encapsulate the transport house protocol.
  • real-time problems can also be solved by setting a fixed amount of data in a long-term transmission or reception cycle, so real-time protocols are not required to support real-time performance.
  • the TDM data and the CDM information used to identify the destination of the data are encapsulated into MAC data packets, thereby finally increasing the bandwidth usage of the data payload in the entire data packet, and implementing TDM. Efficient transfer of data.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an encapsulation protocol for existing TDM data transmission.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an existing TDM data encapsulation format.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a process of encapsulating received TDM data according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of transmitting TDM fixed length messages according to a set frame timing period.
  • Figure 6 is a flow chart of a method in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the structure of a radio access network system including a TDM interface and a packet interface in accordance with the present invention. Mode for carrying out the invention
  • the core idea of the present invention is to: respectively set a TDM logical port on the TDM data transmitting side and the receiving side of the communication system, and establish and store the transmitting side TDM logical port and the receiving side Corresponding relationship between TDM logical ports; when transmitting TDM data, the original TDM data is mapped into a packet data format by the transmitting side TDM logical port, and then the obtained packet data and corresponding relationship index information are encapsulated into MAC according to the set encapsulation information.
  • the data packet is finally sent to the receiving side through the shared transmission medium; and on the receiving side, the MAC layer obtains the decapsulation information and the corresponding receiving side TDM logical port information according to the corresponding relationship index information in the received data packet, and then The data packet is decapsulated, and finally the decapsulated data is mapped to the receiving side TDM logical port, thereby finally realizing efficient transmission of TDM data.
  • the solution of the present invention is directed to all communication systems based on shared transmission media, such as: a radio access network, a power transmission system (PLC), and a cable television network system, wherein, for a radio access network, the shared transmission medium refers to an air interface. RF carrier.
  • the present invention is mainly directed to a connection-based service, that is, a service that does not need to solve the classification of data, that is, a problem such as a transport layer protocol encapsulation.
  • the foregoing correspondence index information may be any information that can identify a correspondence between the transmitting side and the receiving side TDM logical port, such as CID or receiving side TDM logical port identification information in the following.
  • the transmitting side device and the receiving side device according to the present invention need to have a TDM interface at the same time, wherein the TDM interface type may be: E0, T0, J0, El, Tl, Jl, FE1, E3 or T3. Since the point-to-multipoint based on the shared transmission medium or the destination of the data stream needs to be identified in the multi-point to multi-point system, thereby realizing the identification and reception of the source of the data stream by the receiving side, the transmitting side device and the receiving side device of the present invention Not only need to support port mapping separately, that is, Ports Based Connection (PBC) function, but also consider the destination port that the receiving side can recognize the received data when transmitting data. For this reason, it can be directly identified on the transmitting side.
  • PBC Ports Based Connection
  • the method of the port such as: carrying the TDM logical port identifier of the receiving side when transmitting data directly on the sending side, or indirectly, for example, carrying the CID information, and then determining, according to the corresponding relationship, the CID information on the receiving side Corresponding receiving side TDM logical port.
  • the following takes the radio access network as an example, and uses the base station as the transmitting side and the terminal as the receiving side to explain the detailed solution of the present invention.
  • the TDM logical port needs to be separately set on the base station side and the terminal side, and the corresponding TDM logical port information and the corresponding TDM logical port correspondence information are respectively stored on the base station side and the terminal side.
  • the TDM logical port information may specifically include a TDM logical port type and extracted slot information.
  • the TDM logical port information can be stored in a separately set TDM logical port information table, or can be stored in the correspondence table between the TDM logical port and the CID.
  • the TDM logical port on the transmitting side of the base station corresponds to the TDM logical port on the receiving side of the terminal, and the two match each other in data format and data transmission rate.
  • the corresponding relationship between the TDM logical port on the transmitting side of the base station and the TDM logical port on the receiving side of the terminal can be established or configured in the following two ways: the direct configuration mode of the base station or the initiation mode of the terminal dynamic application.
  • the direct configuration mode of the base station is adopted, the correspondence between the transmitting side and the receiving side TDM logical port is determined during the initialization process.
  • the terminal dynamic application mode is adopted, the method specifically includes: First, the terminal initiates an application to the base station, and the base station centrally controls and sends the correspondence information between the TDM logical ports to the terminal through the management of the ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 text.
  • connection such as: following the 802.16 protocol
  • assigning a CID to the established logical connection thereby binding the TDM logical port and the CID, for example: storing the correspondence between the allocated CID and the corresponding TDM logical port, thereby ensuring the correct transmission and reception of the TDM data.
  • the same CID may be used in the uplink and downlink directions, or different CIDs, that is, an uplink CID and a downlink CID may be used.
  • the corresponding relationship between the TDM logical port identifier of the transmitting side and the corresponding CID may be stored on the transmitting side
  • the corresponding relationship between the TDM logical port identifier of the receiving side and the CID may be stored on the receiving side.
  • the allocated CID and the transmitting side TDM logical port may be separately stored on the transmitting side and the receiving side.
  • the latter configuration may be specifically as shown in Table 1 and Table 2 below.
  • Table 2 is the central office device, that is, the TDM logical port correspondence table stored on the base station side, the UCID is the uplink connection identifier, the second table is the TDM logical port correspondence table stored in the terminal device, and the DCID is the downlink connection identifier.
  • the correspondence table may also be included in the correspondence table.
  • the encapsulation information may specifically include: a TDM segmentation duration, a number of TDM frames, and/or a slot combination order.
  • the encapsulation information is stored corresponding to the corresponding TDM logical port information.
  • the encapsulation information is stored corresponding to the corresponding connection information, such as a connection information table (CIB). .
  • CIB connection information table
  • the encapsulation information may be stored corresponding to the TDM logical port information of the transmitting side, and when the TDM data encapsulation is performed, the corresponding TDM logical port information may be directly obtained. Encapsulate the information and then encapsulate the TDM data.
  • the corresponding decapsulation information may be stored corresponding to the receiving side TDM logical port information, and when the TDM data packet is received, the corresponding decapsulation information is directly obtained according to the corresponding receiving side TDM logical port information, and then The received packet is decapsulated.
  • the encapsulation information may be stored corresponding to the stored connection information, and when the TDM data is encapsulated, the corresponding encapsulation may be obtained according to the stored connection information or the connection identification information. Information, and then encapsulate the TDM data.
  • the corresponding decapsulation information may be stored corresponding to the connection information stored on the receiving side, and when the TDM data packet is received, the corresponding decapsulation is directly obtained according to the corresponding connection information, such as: connection identification information. Information, and then decapsulate the received packet.
  • the TDM data transmission method according to the present invention is described in detail below by using an embodiment.
  • the method is as shown in FIG. 3, and mainly includes: a TDM data transmission process and a receiving process, and the specific steps are as follows:
  • Step 301 On the transmitting side of the base station, firstly mapping the original TDM data received from the TDM interface to the set TDM logical port, and then acquiring the stored encapsulation information, and mapping the data to the TDM logical port according to the obtained encapsulation information. And correspondence index The information is encapsulated to make it a MAC packet.
  • the TDM interface is an E1 interface
  • the original TDM data is in the E1 format
  • the specific step of mapping the original TDM data to the set TDM logical port may be, for example, as shown in FIG. , extract the 2nd and 29th TS data of each TDM data frame output by the E1 port, and combine them into a data stream with a rate of 128Kbps.
  • the corresponding relationship refers to the correspondence between the TDM logical port on the transmitting side and the corresponding TDM logical port, and as described above, the encapsulation may be for the TDM logical port or Connected, therefore, there are two ways to get the package information here.
  • the encapsulation information is stored on the sending side, and the encapsulation information is obtained by acquiring the encapsulation information corresponding to the TDM logical port on the transmitting side.
  • the correspondence index information mentioned in the above step 301 is the TDM logical port identifier of the receiving side.
  • the decapsulation information is stored corresponding to the receiving side TDM logical port information
  • the step of obtaining the decapsulation information includes: querying the receiving side TDM logical port identifier carried in the received data packet, that is, the correspondence relationship index information Corresponding receiving side TDM logical port information, and then obtaining decapsulation information according to the queried receiving side TDM logical port information.
  • the encapsulation information is stored corresponding to the connection information stored on the sending side, and the encapsulation information is obtained by: obtaining the connection information identifier corresponding to the TDM logical port on the transmitting side, that is, the CID, and then according to the The CID obtains the corresponding package information.
  • the correspondence relationship index information mentioned in the above step 301 is the CID.
  • the decapsulation information is stored in association with the connection information stored on the receiving side. The decapsulation information is obtained by querying the decapsulation information corresponding to the CID stored on the receiving side according to the CID carried in the received data packet.
  • the transmitting side and the receiving side respectively store: Correspondence between the TDM logical port, the receiving side TDM logical port, and the CID.
  • the process of encapsulating data mapped to the TDM logical port is: segmenting the data stream mapped to the corresponding TDM logical port according to a preset encapsulation information corresponding to the TDM logical port or connection, for example, : Encapsulate the 2nd and 29th TS data of every 16 TDM data frames that are continuously output. Alternatively, it may be combined in other order according to the set package information, and then packaged.
  • the packet payload shown in Figure 4 is 32 bytes.
  • the receiving side TDM logical port identifier corresponding to the corresponding sending side TDM logical port or the corresponding connection identifier CID may be encapsulated into the data packet, for example: carried in the encapsulated MAC The general MAC header of the packet.
  • Step 302 The MAC layer allocates an air interface location and a transmission format for the encapsulated data packet according to the requirements of the physical framing, and then sends the data packet to the physical layer of the base station side, and finally, after being encrypted and modulated by the physical layer, the data packet is transmitted to the air interface through the air interface. Terminal receiving side.
  • the data packet obtained by encapsulating the TDM data is a fixed-length data packet, so as shown in FIG. 5,
  • One or more TDM packets are included in each frame timing period, that is, in one physical frame transmitted.
  • the segment length may refer to the frame of the shared transmission medium physical layer or the medium access control layer.
  • the timing period is set, for example, 1/n or n times of the frame timing period, where n is a natural number, thereby ensuring a fixed amount of data by transmitting n or 1/n TDM packets in each frame timing period.
  • Transceiver, and after subsequent buffering and TDM retiming, can be equivalent to real-time fixed rate transmission and reception.
  • the physical layer frame timing period is briefly described.
  • the physical layer refers to the physical layer of 802.16, that is, the base station, and the frame timing period may be 2ms, 5ms, 1.25ms, 20ms, and the like.
  • the frame timing period of TDM is generally 0.125ms, since the segment length and the physical layer frame timing period of the base station 802.16 are combined in the transmission of the TDM data, the segment length can be set to a multiple of the base station 802.16 physical layer frame timing period, such as: n or 1/ n times.
  • the physical layer frame timing period of the base station is 10 ms.
  • an El may be transmitted, so it is decided to transmit one packet with two 5 ms (40 TDM frames) segment length.
  • the segment length is the 802.16 physical layer. 1/2 of the frame timing length period, it is also possible to transmit a session data, for example, 20 ms (160 TDM frames) of data as the segment length.
  • the segment length is twice the frame timing period of the 802.16 physical layer, that is, One packet is transmitted every two 802.16 physical layer frame timing periods.
  • Step 303 Receive a data packet on the receiving side of the terminal, and demodulate and decrypt the received data packet through the physical layer, and then send the obtained data to the terminal MAC layer.
  • Step 304 The MAC layer of the receiving side of the terminal first obtains decapsulation information according to the corresponding relationship index information in the received data packet, such as the receiving side TDM logical port identifier or the CID, and then decapsulates the data packet according to the obtained decapsulation information, and The decapsulated data is mapped to the corresponding receiving side TDM logical port, and finally outputted through the terminal side TDM interface. .
  • the step of obtaining the decapsulation information according to the corresponding relationship index information in the received data packet may be determined according to different situations, that is, when the decapsulation is for the TDM logical port, the decapsulation information is obtained.
  • the method includes: querying the receiving side TDM logical port identifier carried in the received data packet, that is, the receiving side TDM logical port information corresponding to the corresponding relationship index information, and then acquiring the decapsulation information according to the queried receiving side TDM logical port information.
  • the step of obtaining the decapsulation information includes: querying, according to the CID carried in the received data packet, the encapsulation information stored on the receiving side and corresponding to the CID. At this time, the corresponding relationship between the transmitting side TDM logical port, the receiving side TDM logical port, and the CID is stored on the transmitting side and the receiving side, respectively.
  • the above step 304 is described in detail through a specific example.
  • the DCID value of the data packet received by the MAC layer on the receiving side of the terminal is 19, and the MAC layer is from the terminal side.
  • the corresponding TDM logical port information corresponding to the DCID value 19 is queried in the stored TDM logical port correspondence table.
  • the foregoing correspondence table is established by the upper layer and the receiving side high-level interactive control management message.
  • the stored phased TDM logical port information is obtained, and the received data is mapped into two TDM time slots, and each message is a message every 2 ms, and then the reverse process of the encapsulation process in step 301 is performed, and finally received.
  • the receiving side does not necessarily need to know that the original 2 and 29 slots in the E1 interface are only concerned with The result of the merger of the two TSs.
  • the TDM logical port type on the receiving side may be other types, such as two common telephone interfaces (POTS).
  • POTS common telephone interfaces
  • the DCID information table that is, the port in Table 2 that needs to record the transmitting side and the receiving side TDM logical port. Types of.
  • the UCID can also be identified as 19 or other digits.
  • the terminal receiving side receives the data by encapsulating the connection information in the data packet obtained by encapsulating the TDM data.
  • the method of the present invention may also identify the correspondence between the TDM logical port on the transmitting side and the logical port on the receiving side by using other methods, such as the TDM logical port information, which is not limited herein.
  • the above is the process in which the base station sends TDM data to the terminal, and when the terminal sends the TDM data to the base station, the process also includes two processes: a sending process and a receiving process, and the specific sending and receiving process
  • the process is basically the same as the above process, and the main difference is that the PBC configuration and transmission time of the terminal are controlled by the base station.
  • the system supporting the 802.16 protocol is a centralized control time division system.
  • the above is a method flow for transmitting TDM data through the central office device and the terminal device.
  • the method of transmitting TDM data and packet data in parallel is often adopted to achieve the purpose of saving bandwidth resources and improving bandwidth utilization.
  • the central office equipment and the terminal equipment need to have two interfaces: TDM interface and packet interface.
  • the TDM interface is the same as that described in the foregoing embodiment, and the terminal device and the central office device herein also support the same PBC function as the above embodiment.
  • the packet interface mainly includes: ATM, OC3/OC12 or Ethernet FE/GE, and the CID allocation of the packet interface is generally not based on a logical port, and is often based on some address information, transport layer protocol number information, priority information, etc., so
  • the service processing of the packet interface is only compatible in the present invention, and the PBC method is not recommended for the general service.
  • special services such as transparent transmission, private network, and confidentiality, it is also beneficial to adopt the PBC method.
  • the device needs to support both the PDM TDM adaptation method and the normal packet interface adaptation method, or only one of them can be used for normal services. It is recommended that the base station need to support at the same time, and the terminal does not need to be restricted.
  • the method of the present embodiment is also described by using the base station that supports the PBC to send the TDM data to the receiving side of the transmitting terminal.
  • the TDM logical port needs to be set on the transmitting side and the receiving side respectively, and
  • the method of storing the related TDM logical port information, and the correspondence between the logical port and the connection information, and the corresponding connection information, etc., the method also includes two processes: a sending process and a receiving process, and the method flow of this embodiment is as shown in FIG. Specifically, the following steps are included: Step 601: On the transmitting side of the base station, first, it is determined whether the received data is TDM data according to the interface information of the received data. If yes, step 602 is performed; otherwise, step 603 is performed.
  • Step 602 Map the received TDM data to the set TDM logical port, and then encapsulate the data mapped to the TDM logical port according to the stored encapsulation information, so as to become the MAC data including the data payload and the general MAC header. Packet, and include CID information in the general MAC header, and then step 604 is performed.
  • Step 603 Allocate a CID according to the header information of the received packet data, and then perform packet adaptation processing and encapsulation editing on the received packet data according to a normal packet processing procedure, and finally send the packet data to the MAC layer.
  • the normal packet processing procedure refers to: forwarding according to the MAC address, or performing packet forwarding and port mapping according to the VLAN ID, or according to the IP address or the TCP port number, the protocol type, and the like.
  • Step 604 The base station MAC layer then allocates the air interface location and the transmission format for the received TDM data packet and the normal packet data according to the needs of the physical framing, then sends the data to the physical layer, and finally passes the physical layer modulation, and then passes the data.
  • the air interface shared transmission channel is transmitted to the receiving side of the terminal.
  • the base station MAC can perform the distinguishing process according to the CID and CID attributes allocated for the corresponding data, thereby shielding the TDM and the Package data information.
  • the working time allocation table of each CID may also be issued by the base station at the media control common sublayer through the air interface control message.
  • Step 605 On the receiving side of the terminal, after receiving the data signal, the terminal first demodulates and decrypts the data through the physical layer, and then sends the obtained data to the MAC layer.
  • Step 606 The MAC layer determines, according to the CID of the received data, whether the data is TDM. Data, if yes, step 607; otherwise, step 608 is performed.
  • Step 607 Query the corresponding TDM logical port information according to the CID, obtain decapsulation information from the CID, and then decapsulate the received data packet according to the obtained decapsulation information, or when the decapsulation information is stored in the connection information,
  • the corresponding connection information may be queried according to the CID, the decapsulation information is obtained therefrom, and the data packet is decapsulated according to the obtained decapsulation information, and then the decapsulated data is sent to the corresponding TDM logical port, and finally the corresponding TDM is adopted.
  • Interface output end this process.
  • Step 608 Query the corresponding packet adaptation processing information according to the CID of the received packet data, and then perform corresponding packet adaptation processing and decapsulation on the data according to the queried packet adaptation processing information, and finally decapsulate the packet.
  • the data is output to the corresponding packet interface.

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Description

一种时分复用数据传输方法 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域， 特别是指一种时分复用 （TDM )数据传 输方法。 发明背景
随着网络通信技术的飞速发展， 以分组交换为代表的新技术不断涌 现和发展， 传统电信网络的概念、 体系结构以及运营模式也正发生着深 刻改变。 由于具有传统电路交换无可比拟的优越性——低成本和高带 宽， 分组交换技术逐渐由最初的单一数据业务转变为嚢括 TDM话音、 数据、 异步传输模式 /网际协议（ATM/ IP )和图像等多种业务， 行使传 统的电路交换的功能， 如： 基于（IP )承载的话音（VOIP )技术等。 而 且随着分组交换网絡话音传送质量的不断提高， 话音业务和数据业务的 融合， 即传统的基于 TDM技术的电路交换网和基于分组交换技术的分 组交换数据网的融合已经成为未来网絡发展的趋势之一。
现有技术中基于分组交换的 TDM数据传输方法是： 在分组交换设 备上同时设置 TDM数据接口和普通的包数据接口，对接收到的 TDM数 据按照与包数据相同的方式进行处理， 即对接收到的 TDM数据流采用 现有协议规定的方式进行层层封装， 具体封装的协议层如图 1所示， 包 括以太网 /ATM协议、 IP协议、 传输控制协议 ( TCP )或用户数据报协 议（UDP )、 实时协议 ( RTP ) 以及实时控制协议（RTCP )等一系列格 式协议， 从而将 TDM业务数据转变为数据包格式， 然后对得到的数据 包进行适配， 最后将数据包承载到相应的协议数据单元中传输。
然而， 由于上述方案主要针对基于分组方式的 TDM数据全网传输 问题， 需要解决 TDM数据的二层交换问题、 网络路由问题、 传输层数 据分类问题以及实时性问题等。 因此需要根据现有网络协议对 TDM数 据流进行多层封装。 而对于只面向共享传输介质情况下的连接问题来 说， 由于不存在端口交换问题， 不需要进行二层交换， 也没有网絡路由 问题， 即不需要三层路由协议支持， 另外， 也不需要实时性协议支持实 时性。 因此， 如果此时仍然采用上述方案的话， 反而会给数据传输带来 很多问题， 例如： 由于要对 TDM数据流进行多层封装， 而每层封装都 会添加一定字节的封装头， 这样一来， 数据净荷在整个数据包中占据的 比例就会非常小， 最终导致带宽有效利用率和传输效率的降低。 下面以 无线接入网的 802.16协议为例说明上述问题， 例如： 第二层使用以太网 协议， 第三层使用 Ipv4封装， 由于传统的 TDM话路带宽为 64Kbps, 因 此按照每 20ms发送一个 TDM数据帧计算，每 20ms发送 160字节（ byte ) 的 TDM数据， 而每个 TDM数据帧的封装如图 2所示， 具体包括： 在 802.16的 PDU层进行封装时， 添加 6bytes的通用 MAC头，在媒体接入 控制层（ MAC )封装时， 添加 12 bytes的 MAC头， 在 IPv4层封装时， 添加 20bytes的 IPv4头， 在 UDP层封装时， 添加 8bytes的 UDP头以及 在经过 RTP封装时， 添加 12bytes的 RTP头， 而且上述第二层和第三层 的 CRC32和 FCS32分别增加了 4bytes的校验尾部， 这些所有的封装开 销加起来总共占用 66bytes, 因此数据净荷在整个 PDU中的占用率， 即 带宽的有效利用率仅为^^一 X 100% « 70%。
160 + 66
另外， 该方案由于在每层都需要通过查表方式确定为 TDM数据适 配的报头格式， 然后进行相应的报头适配， 因此需要进行多次查表和报 头编辑操作， 操作起来比较繁瑣， 而且往往需要增加网关设备或相应的 处理模块进行处理， 因此增加了设备的处理负荷。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种 TDM数据传输方法， 解决采用现有 TDM数据传输方案所存在的带宽有效利用率低的问题。
为了达到上述目的， 本发明提供一种时分复用数据传输方法， 该方 法包括:在发送侧和接收侧分别设置 TDM逻辑端口，并建立发送侧 TDM 逻辑端口与接收侧 TDM逻辑端口间的对应关系， 且在发送侧和接收侧 分别存储该对应关系， 该方法包括如下步骤：
在发送侧，将 TDM.数据映射到所述 TDM逻辑端口上， 然后获取封 装信息， 并根据获取的封装信息将从 TDM逻辑端口输出的数据流和对 应关系索引信息封装为数据包， 最后将数据包发送至接收侧；
在接收侧， 根据所接收数据包中的对应关系索引信息获取解封装信 息， 然后根据获取的解封装信息对数据包解封装， 并将解封装得到的数 据映射到接收侧 TDM逻辑端口上。
在上述方法中， 在发送侧， 所述封装信息被与发送侧 TDM逻辑端 口信息对应存储， 并且所述获取封装信息的步骤包括： 获取与所述发送 侧 TDM逻辑端口信息对应的封装信息； 所述对应关系索引信息为接收 侧 TDM逻辑端口标识；
在接收侧， 所述解封装信息与接收侧 TDM逻辑端口信息对应存储， 并且所述根据对应关系索引信息获取解封装信息的步骤包括： 查询与所 接收数据包中携带的接收侧 TDM逻辑端口标识对应的接收侧 TDM逻辑 端口信息， 根据查询到的接收侧 TDM逻辑端口信息获取解封装信息。
在上述方法中，进一步包括：基于相互存在对应关系的发送侧 TDM 逻辑端口和接收侧 TDM逻辑端口建立逻辑连接， 并为该连接分配连接 标识 CID, 然后在发送侧和接收侧分别存储包含该 CID的连接信息， 且 所述发送侧 TDM逻辑端口与接收侧 TDM逻辑端口间的对应关系为：发 送侧 TDM逻辑端口、接收侧 TDM逻辑端口和 CID三者间的对应关系； 在发送侧， 所述封装信息被与发送侧连接信息对应存储； 所述获取 封装信息的步骤包括： 根据存储的对应关系获取与发送侧 TDM逻辑端 口对应的 CID, 然后根据该 CID获取与相应的发送侧连接信息对应的封 装信息； 且所述对应关系索引信息为 CID;
在接收侧， 所述解封装信息被与接收侧连接信息对应存储， 所述获 取解封装信息为：根据接收到的数据包中携带的 CID查询相应的接收侧 连接信息， 然后获取与该接收侧连接信息对应的解封装信息。
在上述方法中， 所述在发送侧和接收侧分别存储该对应关系包括： 在发送侧和接收侧分别建立并存储包含发送侧 TDM逻辑端口标识和接 收侧 TDM逻辑端口标识的对应关系表。
在上述方法中，所述 TDM逻辑端口位于媒体接入控制 MAC层； 所 述将 TDM逻辑端口输出的数据流和对应关系索引信息封装为数据包的 步骤包括： 将 TDM逻辑端口输出的数据流和通用 MAC头封装为 MAC 包， 并在所述通用 MAC头中包含所述对应关系索引信息。
在上述方法中，在发送侧，所述将 TDM数据映射到设置的 TDM逻 辑端口上的步骤包括：从 TDM数据帧中提取设定时隙 TS的数据，其中， 所述设定时隙是根据设置的 TDM逻辑端口信息确定的；
所述根据获取的封装信息将 TDM逻辑端口输出的数据流和对应关 系索引信息封装为数据包的步骤包括： 按照设定的分段长度对从 TDM 逻辑端口输出的数据流进行分段， 提取每个分段数据， 以形成数据包的 数据净荷部分； 然后将对应关系索引信息添加至报头中， 最后将数据净 荷和报头封装成数据包； 其中， 所述分段长度是根据所获取的封装信息 确定的。
在上述方法中， 在发送侧， 所述分段长度为物理层帧定时周期的整 数倍或整数倍的倒数。
在上述方法中， 在发送侧， 进一步包括： 根据数据来源判断接收到 的数据是否为 TDM数据，如果是，则执行所述将接收到的 TDM数据映 射到设置的 TDM逻辑端口上的步骤； 否则， 根据接收到的包数据的报 头信息分配 CID， 然后对接收到的包数据进行包适配处理和封装编辑， 最后将包数据发送至接收侧；
在所述接收侧， 进一步包括： 根据接收到的数据包中的 CID判断该 数据是否为 TDM数据， 如果是， 则执行所述根据接收到的数据包中的 对应关系索引信息获取解封装信息和接收侧 TDM逻辑端口标识信息的 步骤； 否则， 根据 CID查询相应的报文适配处理信息， 并对数据包进行 相应的报文适配处理以及解封装， 最后将数据输出至相应的包接口。
在上述方法中， 在发送侧， 所述将数据包发送至接收侧的步骤为： 在至少一个物理帧定时周期内发送整数个固定长度的数据包。
在上述方法中，所述建立发送侧 TDM逻辑端口与接收侧 TDM逻辑 端口间的对应关系包括： 基站直接配置方式或终端动态申请发起方式。
综上所述， 本发明方案主要采取： 在基于共享传输介质的通信系统 的发送侧和接收侧分别设置 TDM逻辑端口，并建立发送侧 TDM逻辑端 口和接收侧 TDM逻辑端口之间的对应关系；当在发送侧发送 TDM数据 时，通过设置的 TDM逻辑端口将原始 TDM数据映射成包数据格式，然 后按照预先设置的封装信息将得到的包数据和连接标识（CID )封装为 MAC数据包， 最后通过共享传输介质将数据包发送至接收侧； 而在接 收侧， MAC层根据接收到的数据包中的 CID获取解封装信息和相应的 接收侧 TDM逻辑端口信息， 然后将数据包解封装， 最后将解封装得到 的数据映射到相应的接收侧 TDM逻辑端口上，从而最终实现 TDM数据 的传输。 由于本发明方法主要针对具有共享传输介质的连接问题， 因此没有 端口交换问题， 不需要进行二层交换， 也没有网络路由问题， 不需要三 层路由协议支持， 而且由于本发明所涉及的业务是基于连接的， 因此不 需要对数据分类， 也就不需要进行传输屋协议的封装。 另外， 实时性问 题也可通过定长时间发送或接收周期中固定的数据量来解决， 因此不需 要实时性协议支持实时性。 而只需将接收到的 TDM数据以及用于标识 数据去向的 TDM逻辑端口标识信息或 CID信息封装为 MAC数据包， 从而最终提高了数据净荷在整个数据包中的带宽占用率， 实现了 TDM 数据的高效传输。 附图简要说明
图 1为现有 TDM数据传输时的封装协议示意图。
图 2为现有 TDM数据封装格式示意图。
图 3为本发明对接收到的 TDM数据进行封装的过程示意图。
图 4为根据本发明一具体实施例的方法流程图。
图 5为按照设定的帧定时周期发送 TDM定长报文示意图。
图 6根据本发明另一具体实施例的方法流程图。
图 7为根据本发明的包含 TDM接口和包接口的无线接入网系统结 构示意图。 实施本发明的方式
为使本发明的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚， 下面结合附图对本 发明作进一步的详细描述。
本发明的核心思想是： 在通信系统的 TDM数据发送侧和接收侧分 别设置 TDM逻辑端口， 并建立和存储发送侧 TDM逻辑端口和接收侧 TDM逻辑端口之间的对应关系；在发送 TDM数据时，通过发送侧 TDM 逻辑端口将原始 TDM数据映射为包数据格式， 然后按照设置的封装信 息将得到的分组数据和对应关系索引信息封装为 MAC数据包， 最后通 过共享传输介质将数据包发送至接收侧； 而在接收侧， MAC层根据接 收到的数据包中的对应关系索引信息获取解封装信息和相应的接收侧 TDM逻辑端口信息， 然后将数据包解封装， 最后将解封装得到的数据 映射到该接收侧 TDM逻辑端口上，从而最终实现 TDM数据的高效传输。
本发明方案针对所有基于共享传输介质的通信系统， 如： 无线接入 网、 电力传输系统 ( PLC ) 以及有线电视网络系统等， 其中， 对于无线 接入网来说， 共享传输介质是指空口的射频载波。 并且本发明主要针对 基于连接的业务， 即无需解决数据的分类， 即进行传输层协议封装等问 题的业务。 另外， 上述的对应关系索引信息可以是任何能够标识发送侧 与接收侧 TDM逻辑端口间的对应关系的信息， 如下文中的 CID或接收 侧 TDM逻辑端口标识信息等。
基于本发明的发送侧设备和接收侧设备需要同时具有 TDM接口， 其中， TDM接口类型可以为： E0、 T0、 J0、 El、 Tl、 Jl、 FE1、 E3或 T3 等。 由于基于共享传输介质的点到多点， 或者多点到多点系统中需 要标识数据流的去向， 从而实现接收侧对数据流来源的识别和接收， 因 此本发明的发送侧设备和接收侧设备不仅需要分别支持端口映射， 即基 于端口的连接 ( PBC, Ports Based Connection )功能， 而且在发送数据 时还要考虑接收侧能够识别接收数据的目的端口， 为此， 可以采取在发 送侧直接标识目的端口的方式， 如： 直接在发送侧发送数据时携带接收 侧的 TDM逻辑端口标识，也可以采取间接的方式来实现，如：携带 CID 信息， 然后在接收侧， 通过该 CID信息根据对应关系确定相应的接收侧 TDM逻辑端口。 下面以无线接入网为例， 并以基站作为发送侧， 终端作为接收侧来 说明详细本发明方案。 如上所述， 首先， 需要在基站侧和终端侧分别设 置 TDM逻辑端口，并在基站侧和终端侧分别存储相应的 TDM逻辑端口 信息以及相应的 TDM逻辑端口对应关系信息。
其中， TDM逻辑端口信息具体可以包括 TDM逻辑端口类型和提取 的时隙信息等。 TDM逻辑端口信息可以存储在单独设置的 TDM逻辑端 口信息表中， 也可以存储在 TDM逻辑端口与 CID的对应关系表中。 而 且基站发送侧的 TDM逻辑端口与终端接收侧的 TDM逻辑端口——对 应， 二者在数据格式和数据传输速率上相互匹配。
基站发送侧的 TDM逻辑端口和终端接收侧的 TDM逻辑端口间的对 应关系可以通过如下两种方式建立或配置： 基站直接配置方式或终端动 态申请发起方式。 其中， 当采用基站直接配置方式时， 发送侧与接收侧 TDM逻辑端口之间的对应关系在初始化过程中确定。 而当采用终端动 态申请方式时， 则具体包括： 首先由终端向基站发起申请， 基站集中控 制并通过管理^ ¾文向终端下发 TDM逻辑端口间的对应关系信息。
另外， 由于本发明是基于连接的， 如： 遵循 802.16协议， 因此可以 采取在存在对应关系的发送侧 TDM逻辑端口和接收侧 TDM逻辑端口间 建立逻辑连接。 并为建立的逻辑连接分配 CID, 从而将 TDM逻辑端口 与 CID绑定在一起， 例如： 存储所分配 CID与相应 TDM逻辑端口间的 对应关系， 从而保证 TDM数据的正确发送和接收。
对于双向 TDM数据传输，则在上、下行方向既可以采用相同的 CID, 也可以采用不同的 CID, 即上行 CID和下行 CID。 而且既可以采取在发 送侧存储发送侧 TDM逻辑端口标识与相应 CID间的对应关系， 在接收 侧存储接收侧 TDM逻辑端口标识与该 CID间的对应关系。 或者， 也可 以采取在发送侧和接收侧分别存储所分配 CID与发送侧 TDM逻辑端口 标识以及接收侧 TDM逻辑端口标识三者之间完整的对应关系 , 而发送 侧和接收侧可以通过高层控制管理报文交互配置信息， 从而进行相应的 配置。 上述后一种配置具体可以如下表 1和表 2所示。
Figure imgf000011_0002
Figure imgf000011_0001
Figure imgf000011_0003
表 2 其中， 表 1为局端设备， 即基站侧存储的 TDM逻辑端口对应关系表， UCID为上行连接标识，表 2为终端设备中存储的 TDM逻辑端口对应关 系表， DCID 为下行连接标识。 当然在该对应关系表中也可包含其它信 息，如：终端标识、端口类型、带宽信息、业务类型以及业务质量（QOS ) 等。
另外， 还需要配置与相应发送侧 TDM逻辑端口或连接对应的封装 信息以及与相应接收侧 TDM逻辑端口或连接对应的解封装信息。其中， 封装信息具体可以包括： TDM分段时长、 TDM帧个数和 /或时隙组合顺 序等。 并且如果封装是针对 TDM逻辑端口的， 则将封装信息与相应的 TDM逻辑端口信息对应存储， 如果封装是针对连接的， 则将封装信息 与相应连接信息， 如： 连接信息表（CIB )对应存储。 下面针对上述两 种情况分别进行说明：
首先， 当封装是针对 TDM逻辑端口时； 在发送侧， 可以将上述封 装信息与发送侧 TDM逻辑端口信息对应存储，而在进行 TDM数据封装 时， 可以根据发送侧 TDM逻辑端口信息直接获取对应的封装信息 , 然 后对 TDM数据进行封装。 在接收侧， 可以将相应的解封装信息与接收 侧 TDM逻辑端口信息对应存储， 而当接收到 TDM数据包时，则根据相 应的接收侧 TDM逻辑端口信息直接获取对应的解封装信息， 然后对接 收到的数据包进行解封装。
其次， 当封装是针对连接的时； 在发送侧， 可以将上述封装信息与 存储的连接信息对应存储， 而在进行 TDM数据封装时， 可以根据存储 的相应连接信息或连接标识信息获取对应的封装信息， 然后对 TDM数 据进行封装。 而在接收侧， 可以将相应的解封装信息与在接收侧存储的 连接信息对应存储， 而当接收到 TDM数据包时， 则根据相应的连接信 息， 如： 连接标识信息直接获取对应的解封装信息， 然后对接收到的数 据包进行解封装。
下面通过一实施例详细说明根据本发明的 TDM数据传输方法， 该 方法流程如下图 3所示， 主要包括： TDM数据发送过程和接收过程， 其具体步骤如下：
步骤 301: 在基站发送侧， 首先将从 TDM接口接收到的原始 TDM 数据映射到设置的 TDM逻辑端口上， 然后获取存储的封装信息， 根据 获取的封装信息对映射到该 TDM逻辑端口上的数据和对应关系索引信 息进行封装， 使其成为 MAC数据包。
下面通过举例的方式详细说明本步驟，设 TDM接口为 E1接口， 则 原始 TDM数据为 E1格式， 将原始 TDM数据映射到设置的 TDM逻辑 端口上的具体步驟可以为， 例如： 如图 4所示， 提取 E1端口输出的每 个 TDM数据帧的第 2和第 29个 TS数据，将它们组合成速率为 128Kbps 的数据流。
在本步驟中， 所述的对应关系是指发送侧 TDM逻辑端口与相应的 接收侧 TDM逻辑端口间的对应关系， 而由于如上所述， 封装既可以是 针对 TDM逻辑端口的， 也可以是针对连接的， 因此， 这里获取封装信 息也存在两种方式。
当封装是针对 TDM逻辑端口时，在发送侧，封装信息与发送侧 TDM 逻辑端口信息对应存储，获取封装信息的方式为：获取与该发送侧 TDM 逻辑端口对应的封装信息。 此时， 上述步骤 301中所说的对应关系索引 信息即为接收侧的 TDM逻辑端口标识。 相应地， 在接收侧， 解封装信 息与接收侧 TDM逻辑端口信息对应存储， 而获取解封装信息的步骤包 括： 查询与所接收数据包中携带的接收侧 TDM逻辑端口标识， 即对应 关系索引信息对应的接收侧 TDM逻辑端口信息， 然后根据查询到的接 收侧 TDM逻辑端口信息获取解封装信息。
当封装是针对连接时， 在发送侧， 封装信息与在发送侧存储的连接 信息对应存储， 获取封装信息的方式为： 获取与发送侧 TDM逻辑端口 对应的连接信息标识， 即 CID, 然后根据该 CID获取相应的封装信息。 此时， 上述步骤 301中所说的对应关系索引信息即为 CID。 在接收侧， 解封装信息与在接收侧存储的连接信息对应存储， 获取解封装信息的方 式为：根据所接收数据包中携带的 CID查询在接收侧存储的与该 CID对 应的解封装信息。 注意， 此时， 在发送侧和接收侧分别存储有： 发送侧 TDM逻辑端口、 接收侧 TDM逻辑端口和 CID三者间的对应关系。 另外， 对映射到 TDM逻辑端口上的数据进行封装的过程则为： 按 照预先设置的与该 TDM逻辑端口或连接对应的封装信息， 将映射到相 应 TDM逻辑端口上的数据流进行分段， 例如： 对连续输出的每 16个 TDM数据帧的第 2和第 29个 TS数据进行封装。 另外， 也可以根据设 置的封装信息按照其它顺序进行组合， 然后进行封装。 图 4所示的数据 包净荷为 32bytes。 而且， 根据上述针对端口或连接进行封装的情况， 可 以分别将与相应发送侧 TDM逻辑端口对应的接收侧 TDM逻辑端口标识 或相应的连接标识 CID封装到数据包中， 如： 携带于所封装 MAC数据 包的通用 MAC报头中。
步骤 302: MAC层根据物理成帧的需要为封装得到的数据包分配空 口位置和传输格式， 然后将数据包发送至基站侧物理层， 最后经物理层 加密和调制后通过空口共享传输通道传送至终端接收侧。
其中， 由于在共享传输介质的媒体接入控制协议或物理层协议中， 需要有固定长度的时间定时，：而封装 TDM数据得到的数据包为定长数 据包， 因此可以如图 5所示， 在每个帧定时周期内， 即在每发送的一个 物理帧中包含一或多个 TDM数据包。 在上述步骤 301中所提到的采取 设定的分段长度对从 TDM逻辑端口输出的数据流进行封装的过程中， 该分段长度可参考共享传输介质物理层或媒体接入控制层的帧定时周 期进行设定， 如可以是帧定时周期的 1/n或 n倍， 其中 n为自然数， 从 而保证在每个帧定时周期内通过发送 n或 1/n个 TDM数据包实现固定 数据量的收发， 并且经过后续的緩存和 TDM重定时后可以等效于实时 定速率的收发。 下面为了清楚起见， 对上述物理层帧定时周期进行简要 说明， 这里所说的物理层是指 802.16 即基站的物理层， 其帧定时周期 可以是 2ms、 5ms、 1.25ms, 20ms等。 而 TDM 的帧定时周期一般是 0.125ms, 由于在发送 TDM数据时， 要结合考虑分段长度和基站 802.16 的物理层帧定时周期， 因此可以将分段长度设置为基站 802.16物理层帧 定时周期的倍数， 如： n或 1/n倍。 例如， 基站的物理层帧定时周期为 10ms, 这时可能会传送一个 El， 所以决定用两个 5ms ( 40个 TDM帧） 的分段长度传一个分组， 这时， 分段长度就是 802.16物理层帧定时长度 周期的 1/2, 也可能传送一个话路数据， 例如 20ms ( 160个 TDM帧）的 数据作为分段长度， 这时， 分段长度就是 802.16物理层帧定时周期的 2 倍， 即每两个 802.16物理层帧定时周期传送一个该分組。
步驟 303: 在终端接收侧接收数据包， 并通过物理层对接收到的数 据包进行解调和解密， 然后将得到的数据发送至终端 MAC层。
步骤 304:终端接收侧的 MAC层首先根据所接收数据包中的对应关 系索引信息， 如接收侧 TDM逻辑端口标识或 CID获取解封装信息， 然 后根据获取的解封装信息对数据包解封装， 并将解封装得到的数据映射 到相应的接收侧 TDM逻辑端口上，最后通过终端侧的 TDM接口输出。。
其中， 如在以上步骤 301中所述， 根据所接收数据包中的对应关系 索引信息获取解封装信息的步骤可以依不同情况而定， 即当解封装是针 对 TDM逻辑端口时， 获取解封装信息的步骤包括： 查询与所接收数据 包中携带的接收侧 TDM逻辑端口标识， 即对应关系索引信息对应的接 收侧 TDM逻辑端口信息，然后根据查询到的接收侧 TDM逻辑端口信息 获取解封装信息。 而当解封装是针对连接时， 获取解封装信息的步驟包 括:根据所接收数据包中携带的 CID查询在接收侧存储的与该 CID对应 解的封装信息。 此时， 在发送侧和接收侧分别存储有： 发送侧 TDM逻 辑端口、 接收侧 TDM逻辑端口和 CID三者间的对应关系。
下面通过一个具体例子详细说明上述步骤 304: 首先， 假设终端接 收侧的 MAC层接收到的数据包的 DCID值为 19, MAC层从终端侧所 存储的 TDM逻辑端口对应关系表中查询与该 DCID值 19相对应的 TDM 逻辑端口信息， 注意： 上述对应关系表是发送侧高层和接收侧高层交互 控制管理报文建立的。 然后获取存储的相庄 TDM逻辑端口信息， 并将 接收到的数据映射成两路 TDM时隙， 并且每 2ms为一个报文， 然后执 行步骤 301中所述封装过程的逆过程， 最后将接收到的数据还原成两路 话路， 即每 ms 8帧， 每帧两个 TS分别处理， 注意此时接收侧并不一定 需要知道原来是 E1接口中的 2和 29时隙， 而只在乎其为两个 TS合并 的结果。 换句话说， 接收侧的 TDM逻辑端口类型可以是其它类型， 例 如两路普通电话接口 （POTS ), 此时， 上述 DCID信息表， 即表 2中需 要记录发送侧和接收侧 TDM逻辑端口的端口类型。
在上行连接上， UCID也可以标识为 19或其它数字， 高层配置中会 通过连接信息表维护 UCID和 DCID的相关性， 即表 1中有一个与表 2 中的 DCID=19相对应的一个对称表项。
在上述方法流程中， 在基站发送侧， 通过在封装 TDM数据得到的 数据包中封装连接信息来实现终端接收侧接收数据。 另外， 本发明方法 也可通过其他方式，如通过 TDM逻辑端口信息来标识发送侧 TDM逻辑 端口与接收侧逻辑端口之间的对应关系， 此处不作限制。
按照上述方法传输 TDM数据， 如果以 20ms单话路， 即 64Kbps, 且设通用 MAC头为 6bytes计算， 依据本发明上述方案， 数据净荷占据 整个数据包的比率为 160/166 = 96%; 如果以 2ms单话路计算， 占用率 为： 16/22=73%; 如果以图 4中所示的 2ms双话路计算， 则占用率为： 32/38=84%。因此，可以看出，与现有技术相比，采用本发明方案的 TDM 数据传输时延减小为 1/10， 而带宽占用率却得到了提高。
以上是基站向终端发送 TDM数据的过程， 而当终端向基站发送 TDM数据时同样包括两个过程： 发送过程和接收过程， 且具体收发过 程与上述过程基本相同，主要区别之处在于，终端的 PBC配置和发送时 间受控于基站。这主要是由于支持 802.16协议的系统是集中控制的时分 系统， 所有终端何时应该接收， 何时应该发送数据都是由基站根据当时 的终端登记或申请情况来确定的。 从而避免不同终端进行数据发送时发 生冲突而导致重发的麻烦。 而基站将接收所有终端的数据， 然后将不同 的 PBC数据输出至相应的基站端口。
上述是通过局端设备和终端设备传输 TDM数据的方法流程， 而在 实际应用中， 往往釆取将 TDM数据和包数据并行传送的方式， 以达到 节省带宽资源， 提高带宽利用率的目的。 对于这种方式， 如图 7所示， 局端设备和终端设备就需要分别具备两种接口： TDM接口和包接口。 其中， TDM接口与上述实施例所述相同， 而且此处的终端设备和局端 设备同样支持与上述实施例相同的 PBC功能。 包接口主要包括： ATM, OC3/OC12或以太网 FE/GE等类型， 而且包接口的 CID分配一般不是 基于逻辑端口的， 往往基于一些地址信息、 传输层协议号信息、 优先级 信息等， 所以包接口的业务处理在本发明中只是兼容， 普通业务不建议 采用 PBC方法。 但对于特殊业务， 比如透传、 专网、 保密等业务， 采用 PBC方法也是有益的。 这时， 设备就需要同时支持 PBC的 TDM适配方 法和普通包接口的适配方法， 或者只支持其中一种也可以进行正常的业 务， 推荐基站需要同时支持， 而终端则不需要限制。
下面同样以支持 PBC的基站发送侧向终端接收侧发送 TDM数据为 例说明本实施例方法， 在该方法中， 与上述实施例相同， 需要在发送侧 和接收侧分别设置 TDM逻辑端口 ,而且需要存储相关的 TDM逻辑端口 信息， 以及逻辑端口与连接信息之间的对应关系以及相应的连接信息 等， 该方法同样包括两个过程： 发送过程和接收过程， 本实施例方法流 程如图 6所示， 具体包括如下步骤： 步骤 601 : 在基站发送侧， 首先根据所接收数据的接口信息判断接 收到的数据是否为 TDM数据， 如果是， 则执行步骤 602; 否则， 执行 步骤 603。
步骤 602: 将接收的 TDM数据映射到设置的 TDM逻辑端口上， 然 后根据存储的封装信息对映射到该 TDM逻辑端口上的数据进行封装， 使其成为包含数据净荷和通用 MAC报头的 MAC数据包，并在通用 MAC 报头中包含 CID信息， 然后执行步骤 604。
步骤 603: 根据所接收包数据的报头信息分配 CID， 然后按照正常 的包处理流程对接收到的包数据进行包适配处理和封装编辑， 最后将包 数据发送至 MAC层。
上述步驟中， 正常的包处理流程是指： 根据 MAC地址转发、 或根 据 VLAN ID、 或根据 IP地址或 TCP端口号、 协议类型等进行包转发和 端口映射的过程。
步骤 604:接着由基站 MAC层根据物理成帧的需要为接收到的 TDM 数据包和普通包数据分配空口位置和传输格式， 然后将数据发送至物理 层， 最后经过物理层调制之后， 将数据通过空口共享传输通道传输至终 端接收侧。 '
其中， 在上述步骤 602和步骤 603中， 针对 TDM数据和普通包数 据所分配的 CID不同， 因此， 基站 MAC可以根据针对相应数据所分配 的 CID和 CID属性来进行区分处理， 从而屏蔽了 TDM和包数据信息。 而且， 还可以由基站在媒体控制公共子层通过空口控制报文下达每个 CID的工作时间分配表。
步驟 605: 在终端接收侧， 当终端接收到数据信号后， 先通过物理 层对数据进行解调和解密， 然后将得到的数据发送至 MAC层。
步驟 606:由 MAC层根据所接收数据的 CID判断该数据是否为 TDM 数据， 如果是， 则执行步骤 607; 否则， 执行步骤 608。
步骤 607: 根据 CID查询相应的 TDM逻辑端口信息， 从中获取解 封装信息， 然后根据获取的解封装信息对接收到的数据包进行解封装， 或者当解封装信息存储于连接信息中时，则也可以采取根据 CID查询相 应的连接信息， 从中获取解封装信息， 并根据获取的解封装信息对数据 包进行解封装，然后将解封装得到的数据发送到相应的 TDM逻辑端口， 最后通过相应的 TDM接口输出， 结束本流程。
步驟 608:根据所接收包数据的 CID查询相应的报文适配处理信息， 然后根据查询到的报文适配处理信息对数据进行相应的报文适配处理 以及解封装， 最后将解封装得到的数据输出至相应的包接口。
总之， 以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已， 并非用于限定本发 明的保护范围。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种时分复用 TDM数据传输方法， 其特征在于， 该方法包括： 在发送侧和接收侧分别设置 TDM逻辑端口，并且建立发送侧 TDM逻辑 端口与接收侧 TDM逻辑端口间的对应关系， 并在发送侧和接收侧分别 存储该对应关系， 该方法包括如下步骤：
在发送侧，将 TDM数据映射到所述 TDM逻辑端口上，然后获取存 储的封装信息， 并根据获取的封装信息将从 TDM逻辑端口输出的数据 流和对应关系索引信息封装为数据包， 最后将数据包发送至接收侧； 在接收侧， 根据所接收数据包中的对应关系索引信息获取解封装信 息， 然后根据获取的解封装信息对数据包解封装， 并将解封装得到的数 据映射到接收侧 TDM逻辑端口上。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 在发送侧， 所述封装 信息被与发送侧 TDM逻辑端口信息对应存储， 并且所述获取封装信息 的步骤包括： 获取与所述发送侧 TDM逻辑端口信息对应的封装信息； 所述对应关系索引信息为接收侧 TDM逻辑端口标识；
在接收侧， 所述解封装信息与接收侧 TDM逻辑端口信息对应存储， 并且所述根据对应关系索引信息获取解封装信息的步驟包括： 查询与所 接收数据包中携带的接收侧 TDM逻辑端口标识对应的接收侧 TDM逻辑 端口信息， 根据查询到的接收侧 TDM逻辑端口信息获取解封装信息。
3、根据权利要求 1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法进一步包括： 基于相互存在对应关系的发送侧 TDM逻辑端口和接收侧 TDM逻辑端口 建立逻辑连接， 并为该连接分配连接标识 CID, 然后在发送侧和接收侧 分别存储包含该 CID的连接信息， 且所述发送侧 TDM逻辑端口与接收 侧 TDM逻辑端口间的对应关系为：发送侧 TDM逻辑端口、接收侧 TDM 逻辑端口和 CID三者间的对应关系；
在发送侧， 所述封装信息被与发送侧连接信息对应存储； 所述获取 封装信息的步骤包括： 根据存储的对应关系获取与发送侧 TDM逻辑端 口对应的 CID,然后根据该 CID获取与相应的发送侧连接信息对应的封 装信息； 且所述对应关系索引信息为 CID;
在接收侧， 所述解封装信息被与接收侧连接信息对应存储， 所述获 取解封装信息为：根据接收到的数据包中携带的 CID查询相应的接收侧 连接信息， 然后获取与该接收侧连接信息对应的解封装信息。
4、根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述在发送侧和接收 侧分别存储该对应关系包括： 在发送侧和接收侧分别建立并存储包含发 送侧 TDM逻辑端口标识和接收侧 TDM逻辑端口标识的对应关系表。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述 TDM逻辑端口 位于媒体接入控制 MAC层； 所述将 TDM逻辑端口输出的数据流和对 应关系索引信息封装为数据包的步骤包括： 将 TDM逻辑端口输出的数 据流和通用 MAC头封装为 MAC包，并在所述通用 MAC头中包含所述 对应关系索引信息。
6、 根据权利要求 1 所述的方法， 其特征在于， 在发送侧， 所述将 TDM数据映射到设置的 TDM逻辑端口上的步骤包括： 从 TDM数据帧 中提取设定时隙 TS的数据，其中，所述设定时隙是根据设置的 TDM逻 辑端口信息确定的；
所述根据获取的封装信息将 TDM逻辑端口输出的数据流和对应关 系索引信息封装为数据包的步骤包括： 按照设定的分段长度对从 TDM 逻辑端口输出的数据流进行分段， 提取每个分段数据， 以形成数据包的 数据净荷部分； 然后将对应关系索引信息添加至报头中， 最后将数据净 荷和报头封装成数据包； 其中， 所述分段长度是根据所获取的封装信息 确定的。
7、根据权利要求 6所述的方法， 其特征在于， 在发送侧， 所述分段 长度为物理层帧定时周期的整数倍或整数倍的倒数。
8、根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 在所述发送侧， 进一 步包括： 根据数据来源判断接收到的数据是否为 TDM数据， 如果是， 则执行所述将接收到的 TDM数据映射到设置的 TDM逻辑端口上的步 骤； 否则， 根据接收到的包数据的报头信息分配 CID, 然后对接收到的 包数据进行包适配处理和封装编辑 , 最后将包数据发送至接收侧； 在所述接收侧， 进一步包括： 根据接收到的数据包中的 CID判断该 数据是否为 TDM数据， 如果是， 则执行所述根据接收到的数据包中的 对应关系索引信息获取解封装信息和接收侧 TDM逻辑端口标识信息的 步骤； 否则， 根据 CID查询相应的报文适配处理信息， 并对数据包进行 相应的报文适配处理以及解封装， 最后将数据输出至相应的包接口。
9、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 在发送侧， 所述将数 据包发送至接收侧的步骤为： 在至少一个物理帧定时周期内发送整数个 固定长度的数据包。
10、根据权利要求 1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述建立发送侧 TDM 逻辑端口与接收侧 TDM逻辑端口间的对应关系包括： 基站直接配置方 式或终端动态申请发起方式。
PCT/CN2006/000837 2005-04-30 2006-04-28 Procédé de transmission de données à multiplexe temporel WO2006116929A1 (fr)

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