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WO2006100345A1 - Calandre et procede de calandrage d’une nappe de fibres, en particulier une feuille de papier ou de carton continue - Google Patents

Calandre et procede de calandrage d’une nappe de fibres, en particulier une feuille de papier ou de carton continue Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006100345A1
WO2006100345A1 PCT/FI2006/050103 FI2006050103W WO2006100345A1 WO 2006100345 A1 WO2006100345 A1 WO 2006100345A1 FI 2006050103 W FI2006050103 W FI 2006050103W WO 2006100345 A1 WO2006100345 A1 WO 2006100345A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
roll
calender
rolls
shell
zone
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2006/050103
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Arto Kumpulainen
Pekka Korpelainen
Eero Suomi
Juha ISOMETSÄ
Matti Pajala
Heikki Kaarakka
Markku Kyytsönen
Lari Lahdensuu
Juha Koriseva
Ari Lehto
Kari Holopainen
Juha Kuismin
Mika Viljanmaa
Kari Hasanen
Pauli Kytönen
Original Assignee
Metso Paper, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Metso Paper, Inc. filed Critical Metso Paper, Inc.
Priority to DE112006000466T priority Critical patent/DE112006000466T5/de
Publication of WO2006100345A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006100345A1/fr

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
    • D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
    • D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
    • D21G1/02—Rolls; Their bearings
    • D21G1/0206—Controlled deflection rolls
    • D21G1/0213—Controlled deflection rolls with deflection compensation means acting between the roller shell and its supporting member
    • D21G1/022—Controlled deflection rolls with deflection compensation means acting between the roller shell and its supporting member the means using fluid pressure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a calender according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention relates also to a method in calendering a fibre web according to the preamble of claim 17.
  • calendering means a process in which paper is pressed between two or more rolls, whereby paper, due to mechanical work and heat, changes its form in the direction of both plane and thickness.
  • the calendering of coated papers may often be divided in two stages, pre-calendering and end- calendering.
  • Calendering mechanisms may be divided to four modes of impact: compression, replication, orienting and transferring.
  • compression is the most important, factors affecting compression are perpendicular press force and total paper plasticity. Instead, the importance of transferring in smoothness is somewhat less important, transferring is mostly affected by planar forces and surface plasticity.
  • Factors affecting gloss are replication, which is affected by perpendicular forces and surface plasticity, and orienting, i.e., oblong and laminar parts being positioned to the direction of plane, which, again, is affected by perpendicular forces and surface plasticity.
  • Machine-calendering is the oldest calendering method. Therein, paper is pressed between two or more hard rolls.
  • a double-roll machine calender used in pre- calendering consists of a heatable thermo roll and a deflection-compensated roll with a chilled cast iron shell, which both have doctor blades. Before the nip, there is a spreader roll. The temperature of the thermo roll is 80-12O 0 C, and linear pressure 80-100 kN/m when running newsprint quality. The difference of a soft calender compared to a machine calender is that at least one of the rolls forming the nip is soft-surfaced. The principal impact mechanism is compression and replication. Most soft calenders are on-line in paper or coating machines. The thermo roll is doctored, and before the nip there is a spreader roll. The temperature of the thermo roll is 100-250°C, and linear pressure varies between 50-350 kN/m.
  • Multi-roll calenders are soft-nip calenders in which the number of rolls is greater than in soft calenders, most usually 6-12.
  • the principal impact mechanism in super-calendering is compression and replication, additionally fraying has a small effect.
  • a conventional super calender is a calender which has 9-17, normally 12 rolls.
  • the uppermost and the lowermost roll are deflection-compensated rolls with chilled cast iron surfaces.
  • Intermediate rolls are alternately water-heated thermo rolls with chilled cast iron surfaces and paper rolls.
  • the multi-roll calender has a so-called reversing nip which has two paper rolls opposite each other.
  • Super-calendering was the only multi-roll calendering method for a long time.
  • the development of soft calendering was strongly related to the development of polymer covers and, gradually, the use of polymer-covered rolls became common also in super calenders. A change did not occur until in mid-1990s; the first methods purely based on polymer rolls; so-called polymer supering (super- calendering with polymer-covered rolls), when also on-line applications were created.
  • the calendering mechanism may be considered to be replication and compression. Due to the thinness of cover, planar forces have no effect on the calendering result.
  • thermo roll 150 0 C.
  • OptiLoad calender which includes all afore-mentioned characteristics and additionally a special load system. All the intermediate rolls of the OptiLoad calender have the same specific deflection which allows their full relieving without the profile of cross-directional line pressure suffering because of it.
  • the OptiLoad deflection-compensated rolls guarantee an equal line-pressure profile and a possibility to compensate the whole weight of the roll.
  • the perfect compensation of the weight of the rolls means that the same linear pressure may be used in all nips. With the amount of relieving, one may also affect the line-pressure difference between the upper and the lower nip and, thus, for example, unequal sidedness.
  • the load system entails most clearly the largest calendering window compared to all other calendering methods.
  • the calendering mechanism may be considered to be replication and orienting. Because of the tensile stiffness of the cover, compression is extremely little.
  • a long nip concept known from prior art is the calendering concept marketed with the applicant's trademark OptiDwell. It consists of two different long-nip calenders: of OptiDwell ShoeTM calender which is based on the shoe-press technique, and of OptiDwell BeltTM calender which is based on the roll/belt technique.
  • the shoe calender concept utilises the shoe-press technique known on the part of compression.
  • the shoe roll is the so-called SYMBELTTM roll.
  • the shoe roll consists of a shoe, load elements, a lubricant system and a belt.
  • belt exchange has been developed to be simple; there is no need to take the roll out of the machine.
  • the thermo roll is a technique known from soft calenders. It may be a water-, steam-, oil- or induction-heatable roll.
  • the width of the nip is defined by the width of the shoe.
  • the length of the shoe may be even 275 mm.
  • the shoe nip enables the standardisation of nip width irrespective of load, roll diameters and belt characteristics. This enables the optimisation of important calendering factors of dwell time and nip pressure totally irrespective of each other.
  • the belt calender consists of a normal thermo roll of a soft calender, a belt loop and a counter roll which may be either a hard or a soft roll.
  • the belt circulates via the counter roll and control/pull rolls.
  • the simple structure of belt loop also enables the modernisation of old machine and soft calenders as belt calenders. Without the belt, one may use the calender as a usual machine or soft calender depending on the counter roll.
  • nip time (nip length) and nip pressure are dependent on line load and the tensile stiffness (hardness) of the belt as also in soft calendering.
  • the nip length varies around 10-40 mm and the nip pressure 5- 20 MPa.
  • the corresponding values are around 5-15 mm and 5-50 MPa depending on its cover and line load.
  • the nip is formed between a metal belt and a roll.
  • the calender includes control and/or belt-pull rolls, around which a metal belt is arranged for circulating.
  • the nip length is defined by the placement of guide rolls and/or the design of a counter roll, simultaneously, contact pressure is directed at the nip which may be controlled from 0 Mpa to around 70 Mpa.
  • the nip length may be from 10 mm to 3,000 mm and the temperature in the nip around 50-400 0 C and the thickness of the metal belt 0.1-3 mm.
  • the limit between paper and board is flexible, and they may be divided in two classes according to their basis weight: papers which are single- layered with a basis weight of 25-300 g/m 2 and boards which are manufactured by multi-layer technique with a basis weight of 150-600 g/m 2 .
  • the limit between paper and board is flexible as the boards lightest of their basis weight are lighter than the heaviest papers.
  • paper is used in printing and board in packing.
  • Printing papers manufactured from mechanical pulp, i.e., wood-containing papers are newsprint, uncoated magazine paper and coated magazine paper.
  • Newsprint either totally consists of mechanical pulp or it may include little bleached softwood pulp (0-15%) and/or recycled fibre may replace some of the mechanical pulp.
  • the following values may be considered common for newsprint: basis weight 40-48.8 g/m 2 , ash content 0-20%, PPS SlO roughness 3.0-4.5 ⁇ m, Brendtsen roughness 100-200 ml/min, density 600-750 kg/m 3 , brightness 57- 63% and opacity 90-96%.
  • Typical values for calendered SC paper are basis weight 40-60 g/m 2 , ash content 0-35%, Hunter gloss ⁇ 20-50%, PPS S 10 roughness 1.0-2.5 ⁇ m, density 700-1 ,250 kg/m 3 , brightness 62-70% and opacity 90-95%.
  • MFC machine finished coated
  • basis weight 50-70 g/m 2 Basis weight 50-70 g/m 2 , Hunter gloss 25-70%, PPS SlO roughness 2.2-2.8 ⁇ m, density 900-950 kg/m 3 , brightness 70-75% and opacity 91-95%.
  • FCO film coated offset
  • MWC medium weight coated
  • basis weight 70-90 g/m 2 basis weight 70-90 g/m 2 , Hunter gloss 65-75%, PPS SlO roughness 0.6-1.0 ⁇ m, density 1,150-1,250 kg/m 3 , brightness 70-75% and opacity 89-94%.
  • HWC heavy weight coated paper
  • the basis weight of HWC (heavy weight coated) paper is 100-135 g/m 2 and it may even be more frequently than twice.
  • Wood-free printing papers manufactured of pulp, i.e., fine papers are uncoated and coated pulp-based printing papers in which the part of mechanical pulp is less than 10%.
  • Wood-free uncoated (WFU) printing papers include bleached birchwood pulp 55- 80%, bleached softwood pulp 0-30% and fill materials 10-30%.
  • the values of WFU vary considerably: basis weight 50-90 g/m 2 (even 240 g/m 2 ), Bendtsen roughness 250-400 ml/min, brightness 86-92% and opacity 83-98%.
  • wood-free coated (WFC) printing papers coating amounts vary considerably according to requirements and intended use.
  • the basis weight of release papers varies in the range of 25-150 g/m 2 .
  • Fine papers are, inter alia, sackkraft papers, tissue papers and wallpapers.
  • Pulp, mechanical pulp and/or recycled pulp are used in the manufacture of board.
  • Boards may be divided, inter alia, in the following main groups according to their intended use.
  • Corrugated board which has a liner layer and a fluting board; box board of which one manufactures boxes, cartons, inter alia, liquid packaging board (FBB, WLC, SBS); graphic boards, inter alia, cards, files, screens, covers; wallpaper bases.
  • FBB liquid packaging board
  • WLC liquid packaging board
  • SBS liquid packaging board
  • zone-controlled rolls which comprise a fixed centre shaft and a shell rotating around it which is supported by hydraulic load elements which are embedded in holes drilled to the centre shaft.
  • the shell is usually either of cast iron or polymer- covered cast iron.
  • the shell rotates supported by bearings which may fasten the position of the shell and the shaft to each other, or the shell may be self-loading in which case the shell may move freely in the nip direction.
  • Such a zone-controlled roll known from prior art is the zone-controlled roll marketed by the applicant with trademark SymZ, in which roll mainly hydrostatic bearings provided with a piston are used, and which has a oil-pressure switching element.
  • load pressure also performs the lubrication of hydrostatic bearing.
  • self-loading rolls are used in connection with zone-controlled rolls, in which case external load cylinders are omitted and the construction is thus simpler.
  • the bearing is installed with a load ring which may move freely in the nip direction, and the load elements are located between the transferable ring and the stationary shaft.
  • zone-controlled rolls which are arranged so that their loading is profiling in the cross-direction in relation to the run direction of the web, i.e., so- called deflection-compensated rolls, the difference of which compared to conventional zone-controlled rolls is that each load element is individually controllable, whereby they are provided with their own oil supply system.
  • EP patent specification 698684 which describes a shoe-loaded deflection-compensated roll which comprises a stationary roll shaft on which is rotatably arranged a tubular roll shell which is bearing-mounted from its end on the roll shaft by means of end bearings.
  • the roll shell of the deflection- compensated roll described in this publication is composed of fibre-reinforced composite material, whereby the frame-directional dimensional stability of the roll shell is good and the shaft-directional rigidity is small, and between the roll shell and the shaft are arranged hydraulic load shoes, loaded with a hydraulic pressure medium, in the nip level affecting the inner surface of the roll shell and supported on the roll shaft, by controlling the pressure of the pressure medium directed to them, the nip pressure may be profilable in the direction of the roll shaft.
  • the variation of thickness of paper is usually controlled in connection with calendering by slow actuators, in which case the only possibility to affect the elimination of the machine-directional variation of the paper is to manufacture the rolls as sturdy as possible. In solutions known from prior art, this has led to the fact that, depending on the quality of rolls, the variation of thickness in the web has altered depending on how well one has succeeded in manufacturing the rolls and how the rolls have been treated during their use.
  • control speed is such that it enables the active control of roll pressures, even at the rotating frequency of the roll or at a higher frequency.
  • a disadvantage of these known solutions has been that the great mass of the shell used causes a considerable dynamic delay and the actuator requires a lot of power.
  • a problem of multi-roll calenders known from prior art i.e., calenders in which the set or sets of rolls of the calender consist of several rolls most commonly arranged to stacks, whereby the calender has several overlapping calendering nips at least in one roll stack, has related to the fact that in certain situations one requires a calendering run mode in which only the uppermost and the lowermost calendering nip are closed. This run method is called a so-called matte run mode.
  • this run mode does not apply to all kinds of multi-roll calenders, because the used nips have to be at least mutually separately run and the deflection of a counter roll compared to the deflection of a deflection- compensated roll has been too great.
  • a problem of multi-roll calenders known from prior art might also have been the fact that, in loading the set of rolls in applications in which the nip load is implemented with lower lift cylinders, great frictions are created to the guides of the lower roll and to the pivots of the intermediate rolls, whereby the line load distributions of the nips have been difficult to control, and thus the profiles of the web have not always reached the desired level.
  • a problem of calendering have been the weaknesses of the profiling ability of a deflection-compensated roll, especially on the edge areas of the web.
  • the weak cross-directional profile of the web causes waste and runnability problems in actuators after the calender, such as a roller and a slitter- winder.
  • a problem in controlling the edge areas of the web has been the fact that the web is not usually uniform in the cross direction when coming from the paper converting stage preceding the calender, but the edge areas have been thicker or dryer.
  • a problem of multi-roll calenders known from prior art has also been their high price, because when the multi-roll calender has been provided, for example, with 6-12 rolls, and three different roll types have been usually used in the set of rolls of the calender: deflection-compensated rolls as the upper and the lower rolls, thermo rolls and polymer rolls as intermediate rolls, and thus one has required several different rolls and thus several different spare rolls for them.
  • the uneven load caused by the variation of thickness of the web might have broken the surface of the roll.
  • a difference of one micrometre in the web thickness causes a load of 5 kN (0.5 MPa). If the paper remains rotating around the roll, even a 50 ⁇ m difference to the thickness profile is created, which has led to the roll having been damaged, whereby one has had to replace the roll or to repair the cover. Costs resulting from this may have been great, as, for example, a shutdown of an on-line calender causes the shutdown of the whole line, the costs of which easily rise to €200,000 per day.
  • a problem in connection with calendering is nip vibration, i.e., the so-called barring phenomenon which causes wear of the roll surfaces in calenders and sometimes limits the run speed of the calender and causes noise nuisances.
  • a solution in solving this problem has been to change the relational position of the contact between rolls. That is, one has moved, for example, the intermediate roll of the calender in horizontal direction so that the mutual contact point of the rolls changes considerably to a different location in relation to the wavelength of vibration. This is, however, awkward as, in connection with deflection- compensated rolls, the roll-moving mechanism becomes heavy and expensive and, additionally, it may weaken the rigidity of the roll support and thus cause additional vibration.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a calender and a method for calendering a fibre web by utilising which the afore-described defects and disadvantages known from prior art have been eliminated or at least minimised.
  • a calender according to the invention is mainly characterised in what is presented in the characterising part of claim 1.
  • a method according to the invention is mainly characterised in what is presented in the characterising part of claim 17.
  • the invention is applicable for several different types of calenders, such as soft calenders, multi-roll calenders and multi-roll calenders including one or two sets of rolls which usually have at least two calendering nips per a set of rolls.
  • the invention is applicable in connection with metal-belt calenders.
  • the invention is applicable for all kinds of paper and board grades.
  • the invention is especially applicable for the speed range of 400-3,500 m/min.
  • the invention may generally be applied in both philosophies known in calendering, i.e., in implementing a uniform treatment by calendering, in which case the profiling of the web is achieved with a headbox.
  • the invention may also be applied for the profiling of the web with a calender, which however requires a more complex control but, by calendering according to the invention, the profiling is enabled even headbox-specifically.
  • a composite-shelled roll is able to follow with its outer surface the shape of the counter roll, whereby the relation of allowable deflection to the length of the roll in the composite-shelled roll is greater than 0,20 mm/m.
  • the weight of the shell of the composite roll varies according to diameter and length; the weight of the shell of the composite roll is around 200-1,000 kg and the weight of the roll frame of the roll is around 2,000-40,000 kg, whereby the relation of the shell weight to the roll frame weight varies between around 1/10-1/40 (0.1-0.025).
  • the means are advantageously placed on the opposite side of profiling members. There may be several deflecting means at a certain angle in relation to each other, for example at an angle of 30°.
  • the invention thus enables the protecting of the edge area of the roll when manufacturing a narrower web than the length of the roll, because a clearance of desired size may be made between the roll and the counter roll, whereby the rolls of the calendering nip never touch each other on the edge areas nor does the hot thermo roll thus damage the cover of the soft roll, whereby one is able to run variable web widths by adjusting the clearance to the edges of the longitudinal area of the roll required by the web width run.
  • An advantage achieved with the invention is also that the problems occurring on the edge areas of the web have been solved, because load pressure may be conveyed in the shoes so that one achieves a desired loading, whereby for example, the problems caused by the support of roll bearings may be solved by loading the shoes of the edge areas so that the load differences caused by the bearing support may be compensated.
  • the invention enables the profiling of calendering in the cross direction of the web or completely same load in the cross direction of the whole web.
  • the composite shell may be loaded in the longitudinal direction of the roll with each load shoe by a desired pressure so that a desired load profile is achieved. Then, one is able to achieve a better thickness profile of the web as the cross-directional thickness variation decreases. Then, waste is decreased even by 30-50% when the quality of the rolls is more uniform as the quality variation of the web is balanced.
  • the elimination of the machine-directional variation of thickness of the web is achieved by actively controlling the load pressures of the calender roll based on the thickness profile measurements of the web.
  • the thickness profile of the web is measured, for example, with a moving sensor, in which case also a machine-direction component is included in the measurement, and this machine-direction component is separated from the measurement data by synchronisation and by processing the signal.
  • a suitable amplitude and in a suitable stage for example, a sine wave which is in contrasting stage with the variation of thickness.
  • This modulation may be implemented either valve-specifically in the load shoes of the roll or by running the same wave to all valves.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the invention involves a roll which is provided with two different operation modes, both fixed and moving, whereby the roll shell is either fixed or moving. Then, lighter rolls may be used, whereby friction forces are smaller. In addition, the profiling result and simultaneously quality will improve and cost-savings will be achieved. Then, the calender may be run with the whole set of rolls closed when the zone roll positioned in the lower position according to the invention is in a fixed mode, i.e., its shell does not move, and the zone roll in the upper position is in a moving mode. In the fixed mode, bearing forces may be measured from the pressures of sleeve bearings.
  • the calendering nips are closed by lifting the lower lift cylinder upwards so long as each nip closes from down to up.
  • the movement of the lower lift cylinders is stopped against a mechanical stopper, whereby the shell of the upper zone roll has risen somewhat upwards and, when the nips are so closed, the nips are loaded by pressurising the zones of the upper and the lower zone rolls to pressures corresponding desired line load.
  • the correct level of the line load of the lower nip is controllable by means of the measurement of the bearing pressures of the lower roll, whereby by controlling the zone pressures of the zone roll, one modifies the measured bearing pressure to correspond calculatory values.
  • This embodiment also enables partial nip run, for example the matte run mode, whereby the loading of the upper and the lower nip is performed in the same manner as may be implemented known from prior art as such, that is, one uses a zone roll provided with a moving shell against a fixed counter roll.
  • zone roll with a composite shell as the roll of the calender reduces waste, because, when calendering with a zone roll with a composite shell, the thickness profile of the paper becomes better than with conventional rolls, especially the control of the edge area is better, whereby there is no need to cut a trimming from the web after the calender or at least the cutting width may be decreased.
  • the edge rolls are produced as paper ready for sale.
  • the better thickness profile of the web achieved with the invention additionally eliminates/decreases waste caused by the streakiness of paper and puckers formed in rolling.
  • the grinding interval of the roll may be increased, whereby the efficiency of the calender increases as the time used in roll replacements decreases.
  • the duration of the local overload of the calendering nip provided with a zone roll with a composite shell is better than of conventional rolls, because the shell is flexible on the thicker local point maintaining local standard nip pressure, whereby the cover is not damaged or worn, and thus an increased grinding interval and better reliability for the roll are achieved.
  • the better profiling enabled by means of the invention may better correct the errors of the counter roll and also increase the grinding intervals of the counter roll.
  • the vibration damping qualities of a composite shell are better than the ones of a cast-iron shell, whereby the development of peripherical vibrations is smaller, whereby the occurrence risk of barring is decreased.
  • the vibrations and damping between the shell and the cover are in the roll according to the invention better than with a cast roll and a cover.
  • the thickness profile is corrected and a better profiling ability is achieved by using a zone roll according to the invention as the second roll of the nip.
  • the composite shell may be hard-covered, whereby, already with one nip provided with a roll according to the invention, the thickness profile is corrected and better profiling ability is achieved.
  • metal-belt calenders a better profiling ability is achieved.
  • the profiling is corrected in the first nip, after which in other calendering nips, one is able to concentrate on other calendering characteristics, for example, increasing gloss.
  • the profilings are corrected in the first nip, after which one is able to concentrate on other calendering characteristics, for example, increasing gloss.
  • the invention may also be utilised in calenders so that the zone roll with a composite shell is placed between two thermo rolls, whereby a better profiling is achieved and thus cost-savings are gained, because one is able to use cheaper rolls compared to arrangements known from prior art when two zone rolls are replaced by one.
  • Figures 1-6 schematically show certain embodiments of the invention for a set of rolls of the calender.
  • Figure 7 schematically shows an embodiment of the invention which uses a flexible roll.
  • Figure 8 schematically shows a bearing arrangement to be used in connection with the invention.
  • Figures 1-6 schematically show certain embodiments for a set of rolls of the calender, in which the roll stack 10 of the set of rolls comprises at least one zone roll 15 with a composite shell.
  • the thermo rolls of the set of rolls have been referred to with reference number 13, possible polymer rolls with reference number 12 and zone rolls with chilled cast iron shells with reference number 17.
  • the calender may naturally comprise several roll stacks, and the number of the nips may differ from the embodiments shown in the figures.
  • the calendering nip is referred to with reference N and the web with reference W.
  • the reversing nip is referred to with reference NK.
  • the zone roll 15 with a composite shell comprises a shaft 11, load shoes 14 and a composite shell 16 which is of carbon-fibre-reinforced epoxy and provided with a metallic cover.
  • the zone roll 15 with a composite shell is advantageously structured as the type described in EP patent specification 698684.
  • Figure 1 schematically shows an embodiment in which a modernisation from a super calender with twelve rolls to a one with eleven or ten rolls has been performed.
  • the figure shows either the first or the last nip N of the set of rolls 10 of which nips one or both are modernised so that into connection with a thermo roll 13 is arranged a composite-shelled polymer-covered zone roll 15 whereby, compared to the former construction, one may abandon a deflection-compensated roll with a cast iron shell and a paper roll which in the representation according to the figure are thus replaced by a zone roll 15 with a composite shell.
  • the first and/or last calendering nips N of the set of rolls 10 of the calender are formed as profiling nips via the zone roll 15 with a composite shell, whereby a better profiling compared to prior art is achieved, and additionally the nip N is considerably better by its calendering efficiency compared to a solution according to prior art.
  • thermo rolls 13 two different roll types are used: thermo rolls 13 and zone rolls 15 with composite shells.
  • zone rolls 15 with composite shells.
  • the embodiment employs zone rolls with composite shells or deflection-compensated rolls 15 in which the shell is of carbon-fibre composite, which enables excellent profiling abilities.
  • the shoes 14 of one roll may also be interleaved in relation to the second row (not shown in the figures).
  • Figures 3 and 4 show a calender roll stack 10 of six rolls in which, in the reversing nip NK, one may also use instead of the second zone roll 15 ( Figure 3) a polymer roll, or the reversing nip NK may be implemented by making the third and the fourth roll as thermo rolls, such as shown in Figure 4.
  • a cost- effective calender with an excellent profiling ability, and with which one may run versatile different partial nip runs.
  • Profiling is at its best in the first nip so, cost- effectively, in the second nip, one may use a roll which is not profiling in the cross machine direction but which has for example 1-8 zones. If desired, also the other composite roll may be manufactured totally with 1-8 zones, because the flexible shell itself enables an even line load for the second, the third and the fourth nip. Thus, one gains additional cost savings because of the smaller number of required valves and controls related to them.
  • Figure 5 shows a calender arrangement in which one has achieved a good profiling ability for the calender.
  • the upper roll of the calender roll stack 10 one has placed a hard-surfaced zone roll 17. Good profiling is achieved already in the first nip, as it has a zone roll 15 with a composite shell.
  • the thickness profile is corrected so that the other nip increases web gloss with an even line load.
  • the flexible shell of the zone roll 15 with a composite shell enables the even line load of the second nip, because the flexible shell follows the shapes of the thermo roll 13 being the counter roll and thus the force in each show is conveyed to the nip N.
  • thermo rolls 13 after the first thermo roll 13 follow two polymer rolls 12 on the both sides of the reversing nip NK, after which follows a thermo roll 13 below which is placed a polymer roll 12, and as the lowermost roll in the roll stack, a zone roll 17 with a chilled cast iron shell.
  • thermo rolls 13 in the roll stack 10, above and below the zone roll 15 with a composite shell are placed thermo rolls 13 and a corresponding roll arrangement is implemented after the reversing nip NK.
  • the presentation according to Figure 7 shows a longitudinal cross-section of an embodiment of the zone roll 15 with a composite shell, from which Figure 7, the simplified structure of the roll 15 becomes evident in this embodiment.
  • the shell 16 of the roll 15 is of composite so it is flexible, and above it is placed a deflecting side T and below a profiling side P.
  • one is able to run webs of different widths by deflecting the edge areas via the deflecting side T separate from the calendering nip N so that the roll 15 does not get into a nip contact in the area of the clearance by choosing the pressure of the load shoes 14 so that when deflecting with the profiling side P, the pressure of corresponding shoes is smaller.
  • Figure 8 schematically shows a bearing arrangement of the roll in which to a sleeve bearing 21 is added an abutment bearing in order to eliminate the barring phenomenon.
  • an actuator 22 for transferring the shell 16 horizontally.
  • the shell 16 has been transferred to an extreme position, whereby in the nip N occurs a displacement Z of the nip-contact position. Via the nip-contact position displacement Z occurring in the nip N, nip vibration may be eliminated.
  • the abutment bearing of the bearing may be implemented, for example, with a 50 mm stroke, and the arrangement may be implemented in new devices and in connection with calender modernisation.
  • a bearing into connection with the sleeve bearing of the self-loading deflection-compensated roll is formed a bearing so that the order of vertical and horizontal bearings have been reversed.
  • a vertical bearing is a sleeve bearing of a normal strokeless roll
  • a horizontal bearing is a sleeve bearing of around 50 mm stroke which is provided with position control.
  • the roll shell is transferred during run or reeling-drum exchange with the length of its stroke.
  • the relational nip-contact point of the rolls is transferred, for example, around 20 mm, which is enough for eliminating or at least considerable decreasing of nip vibration.
  • a horizontal stroke whereby the stroke of the vertical bearing of the roll has been decreased and thus, however, the strength of the roll shaft has been retained.
  • For the horizontal stroke only two pieces per end are required.
  • the positioning margin of nip-direction bearing shoes in relation to the roll shell is controlled suitable so that it is enough for the horizontal stroke set.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)

Abstract

L’invention concerne une calandre qui comprend au moins deux cylindres formant entre eux un espace de calandrage (N). L’un des cylindres est un cylindre chauffant, c.-à-d. un cylindre thermique (13). Selon l’invention, l’un au moins des deux cylindres de la calandre (10) est un cylindre à zone compensée (15) dont la coque (16) est faite de matériau composite. Le cylindre à zone compensée (15) comprend un cadre de cylindre qui lui-même comprend un arbre et des patins (14) placés parallèlement sur au moins une rangée dans le sens longitudinal du cylindre (15), en liaison avec l’arbre (11), et une coque souple rotative entourant les patins (14). La position de la coque peut être commandée par l’intermédiaire de la charge de chaque patin, la vitesse étant de 400-3 500 m/min et le rapport du poids de la coque (16) et du cadre de cylindre étant de 0,1-0,025. L’invention concerne également un procédé de calandrage d’une nappe de fibres dans une calandre. Selon l’invention, l’un au moins des deux cylindres de l’espace de calandrage (N) calandrant la nappe de fibres (W) est un cylindre à zone compensée (15) dont la coque est souple et faite de matériau composite. Le cylindre à zone compensée (15) comprend un cadre de cylindre qui lui-même comprend un arbre, le rapport du poids de la coque et du cadre de cylindre étant de 0,1-0,025.
PCT/FI2006/050103 2005-03-23 2006-03-20 Calandre et procede de calandrage d’une nappe de fibres, en particulier une feuille de papier ou de carton continue WO2006100345A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE112006000466T DE112006000466T5 (de) 2005-03-23 2006-03-20 Kalander und Verfahren zur Kalandrierung von Faserbahnen, insbesondere Papier- oder Kartonbahnen

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20055128A FI119067B (fi) 2005-03-23 2005-03-23 Kalanteri ja menetelmä kuiturainan, erityisesti paperi- tai kartonkirainan kalanteroinnissa
FI20055128 2005-03-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006100345A1 true WO2006100345A1 (fr) 2006-09-28

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI2006/050103 WO2006100345A1 (fr) 2005-03-23 2006-03-20 Calandre et procede de calandrage d’une nappe de fibres, en particulier une feuille de papier ou de carton continue

Country Status (3)

Country Link
DE (1) DE112006000466T5 (fr)
FI (1) FI119067B (fr)
WO (1) WO2006100345A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9002826B2 (en) 2010-10-27 2015-04-07 Qualcomm Incorporated Media file caching for an electronic device to conserve resources

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102023125284A1 (de) * 2023-09-19 2025-03-20 Voith Patent Gmbh System und Verfahren zum Umstellen einer Kalandereinrichtung von einem Hard-Nip-Kalanderbetrieb auf einen Soft-Nip-Kalanderbetrieb

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0698684A1 (fr) * 1994-08-04 1996-02-28 Valmet Paper Machinery Inc. Rouleau à réglage de la flexion chargé par des éléments d'appui
WO2001016424A1 (fr) * 1999-08-27 2001-03-08 Metso Paper, Inc. Cylindre a semelle
WO2003067106A1 (fr) * 2002-02-04 2003-08-14 Metso Paper, Inc. Rouleau a deviation compensee d'une machine a papier/carton ou d'une machine d'appret possedant une virole composite, et procede de fabrication correspondant

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0698684A1 (fr) * 1994-08-04 1996-02-28 Valmet Paper Machinery Inc. Rouleau à réglage de la flexion chargé par des éléments d'appui
WO2001016424A1 (fr) * 1999-08-27 2001-03-08 Metso Paper, Inc. Cylindre a semelle
WO2003067106A1 (fr) * 2002-02-04 2003-08-14 Metso Paper, Inc. Rouleau a deviation compensee d'une machine a papier/carton ou d'une machine d'appret possedant une virole composite, et procede de fabrication correspondant

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9002826B2 (en) 2010-10-27 2015-04-07 Qualcomm Incorporated Media file caching for an electronic device to conserve resources

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI20055128A7 (fi) 2006-09-24
FI119067B (fi) 2008-07-15
FI20055128A0 (fi) 2005-03-23
DE112006000466T5 (de) 2008-02-14

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