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WO2006008636A2 - Nouveau polymorphe d'hemitartrate de zolpidem - Google Patents

Nouveau polymorphe d'hemitartrate de zolpidem Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006008636A2
WO2006008636A2 PCT/IB2005/002043 IB2005002043W WO2006008636A2 WO 2006008636 A2 WO2006008636 A2 WO 2006008636A2 IB 2005002043 W IB2005002043 W IB 2005002043W WO 2006008636 A2 WO2006008636 A2 WO 2006008636A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
zolpidem
zolpidem hemitartrate
solvent
hemitartrate
formula
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2005/002043
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2006008636A3 (fr
Inventor
Yatendra Kumar
Prasad Mohan
Asok Nath
Tippasandra Chandrashekar
Rita Santhakumar
Somenath Ganguly
Original Assignee
Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited filed Critical Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited
Priority to US11/572,017 priority Critical patent/US20080262025A1/en
Publication of WO2006008636A2 publication Critical patent/WO2006008636A2/fr
Publication of WO2006008636A3 publication Critical patent/WO2006008636A3/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
    • C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/22—Anxiolytics

Definitions

  • the field of the invention relates to processes for the preparation of a polymorph of Zolpidem hemitartrate. More particularly, it relates to the preparation of a non-hygroscopic polymorphic form of Zolpidem hemitartrate and pharmaceutical compositions that include the non-hygroscopic polymorphic form, designated as Form I of Zolpidem hemitartrate.
  • the invention also relates to use of the compositions for treating anxiety, sleep disorders and convulsions.
  • the field of the invention also relates to a process for the preparation of Zolpidem or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
  • Zolpidem is N,N,6-trimethyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)-imidazo[l,2- a]pyridine-3-acetamide of Formula I. It is useful in the treatment of anxiety, sleep disorders and convulsions.
  • Zolpidem is commercially available as its hemitartrate salt of Formula II,
  • the pharmacological profile of Zolpidem is characterized by a strong hypnotic effect, together with weak anticonvulsant and muscle-relaxant properties, showing selectivity for benzodiazepine receptors with the biochemical characteristics and regional distribution of the benzodiazepine one subtype.
  • Zolpidem is a hypnotic agent with a chemical structure unrelated to benzodiazepines, barbiturates, or other drugs with known hypnotic properties, it interacts with gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-benzodiazepine receptor complex and shares some of the pharmacological properties of the benzodiazepines.
  • GABA gamma-aminobutyric acid
  • the selective binding of Zolpidem on the omega-1 receptor may explain the relative absence of myorelaxant and anticonvulsant effects in animal studies.
  • Zolpidem shows both high affinity and selectivity toward non-benzodiazepine-2 receptors which results in improved activity and/or fewer side effects for the treatment of anxiety, sleep disorders and convulsions.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,382,938 discloses a process for the preparation of Zolpidem base by treating zolpidic acid with dimethylamine in the presence of carbonyldiimidazole and tetrahydrofuran, followed by treating the mass with base and recrystallizing from ethanol to get Zolpidem base.
  • the product is not obtained with a high purity profile, thus making the process commercially difficult to implement.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,794,185 discloses a method for the preparation of Zolpidem hemitartrate. The method involves treating Zolpidem base with L-(+)-tartaric acid in methanol and allowing the hemitatrate salt to crystallize. The product obtained has a melting point of 197 0 C (hereinafter designated as Form A of Zolpidem hemitartrate).
  • Form A has some characteristic physico-chemical properties. It is very hygroscopic under normal storage conditions and can absorb up to about 5% w/w of moisture after exposure to atmospheric conditions. It is therefore difficult for a formulation scientist to prepare a pharmaceutical composition of Form A because the absorption of water results in problems of weight variation and content uniformity in the formulation.
  • Form A is further characterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD) pattern.
  • XRD X-Ray diffraction
  • a typical XRD of Form A shows characteristic absorption peaks at two-theta values of 6.5, 9.0, 16.1, 16.6, 24.6 and 27.3. After micronization, the Form A exhibits some additional characteristic peaks than those mentioned above at two-theta values of 6.7, 8.6, 11.2, 15.4 and 17.3.
  • Form A exhibits a characteristic Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) profile. Four endothermic peaks are observed at 70.3 0 C, 113.2 0 C, 188.73 0 C and 200.42 0 C and two exothermic peaks are obtained at 126.06 0 C and 168.00 0 C.
  • DSC Differential Scanning Calorimetry
  • TGA Thermal Gravimetric Analysis
  • Karl Fischer analysis suggests that Form A can have up to 3% w/w to 5% w/w of moisture.
  • TGA analysis supports this data.
  • the endotherm at HO 0 C in TGA analysis suggests partial desorption of water with an overall water content of about 3% w/w to 5% w/w.
  • U.S. Patent Application No. 20020077332 discloses various polymorphic forms of Zolpidem hemitartrate, for example, anhydrous, hydrated, or solvated forms having specific X-Ray diffraction patterns, TGA profile and moisture or solvent content. These polymorphic forms are designated as anhydrous, monohydrate, dihydrate, trihydrate and tetrahydrate of Zolpidem hemitartrate along with Forms B, C, D, E, F, G, H and L.
  • PCT/IBOl/01558 relates to processes for the preparation of N,N-dimethyl-3-(4-methyl) benzoyl propionamide of Formula III, which is a key intermediate in the synthesis of Zolpidem.
  • PCT/IB2004/00245 discloses a process for the preparation of Zolpidem hemitartrate by treating N,N-dimethyl-3-(4-methyl) benzoyl propionamide of Formula III with bromine to get bromo amide of Formula IV,
  • the present inventors have surprisingly found that Zolpidem or a salt thereof can be prepared in high yield and purity by condensing bromo amide of Formula IV with 2- amino-5-methylpyridine in the presence of an organic solvent at a temperature of above 8O 0 C.
  • the inventors have also found that a novel polymorph of Zolpidem hemitartrate can be obtained which is stable and non-hygroscopic when studied under extensive stability studies.
  • the present invention provides a process which does not result in a hygroscopic form; rather, a pure stable non-hygroscopic form is obtained.
  • the non- hygroscopic Zolpidem hemitartrate when made by the process of the present invention is easy to isolate and formulate thus making the process amenable for commercial scale use.
  • FORMULA I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof include a) condensing bromo amide of Formula IV,
  • the polar aprotic solvent may include one or more of methyl isobutyl ketone, ethyl methyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, 1,4-dioxane, sulpholane, N,N-dimethylformamide, N 9 N- dimethylacetamide, acetonitrile, and N-methylpyrrolidone. Mixtures of all of these solvents are also contemplated. Removing the solvent may include, for example, one or more of distillation, distillation under vacuum, evaporation, filtration, filtration under vacuum, decantation and centrifugation.
  • the product obtained may be further or additionally dried to achieve the desired moisture values.
  • the product may be further or additionally dried in a tray drier, dried under vacuum and/or in a Fluid Bed Drier.
  • the process may include further forming the product so obtained into a finished dosage form.
  • the condensation of the bromo amide of Formula IV with 2- amino-5-methylpyridine is carried out in a polar aprotic solvent at a temperature from about 80 0 C to about 120 0 C, for example from about 80 0 C to about 100 0 C. It may be heated from about 10 minutes to about 24 hours.
  • reaction mixture containing Zolpidem may be cooled before filtration to obtain better yields of the Zolpidem or a salt thereof.
  • Form I Zolpidem hemitartrate
  • the polymorphic form of Zolpidem hemitartrate may have, for example, the X-ray powder diffraction pattern of Figure I, the differential scanning calorimetry profile of Figure II, and infrared spectrum of Figure III.
  • Form I of Zolpidem hemitartrate includes obtaining a solution of Zolpidem base in one or more solvents; contacting the solution with L-(+)-tartaric acid to form a reaction mixture; adding an anti-solvent to the reaction mixture; and isolating Form I of Zolpidem hemitartrate from the mixture thereof.
  • the process may include further drying of the product obtained.
  • a pharmaceutical composition that includes a therapeutically effective amount of the non-hygroscopic polymorphic Form I of Zolpidem hemitartrate and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, excipients or diluents.
  • a method of treating anxiety, insomnia, sleep disorders, and convulsions in a warm-blooded animal including providing to the warm-blooded animal a pharmaceutical composition that includes Form I of Zolpidem hemitartrate.
  • Figure I is an X-ray powder diffraction pattern of Form I of Zolpidem hemitartrate.
  • Figure II is a differential scanning calorimetry thermogram of Form I of Zolpidem hemitartrate.
  • Figure III is an infrared spectrum of Form I of Zolpidem hemitartrate.
  • Figure IV is a thermogravimetry curve of Form I of Zolpidem hemitartrate.
  • Figure V is an X-ray powder diffraction pattern of Form A of Zolpidem hemitartrate.
  • Figure VI is a differential scanning calorimetry thermogram of Form A of Zolpidem hemitartrate. Detailed Description of the Invention
  • the inventors have developed a process for preparing Zolpidem or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
  • the process provides benefits with respect to economics and convenience to operate at a commercial scale.
  • the process steps include: (a) condensing bromo amide of Formula IV,
  • the starting material, the bromo amide of Formula IV can be prepared as per the process disclosed in International (PCT) Patent Application No. PCT/IB2004/00245, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the bromo amide intermediate of Formula TV is treated with 2-amino-5-methylpyridine in the presence of a suitable solvent at a temperature above 8O 0 C to get Zolpidem base.
  • Zolpidem base may then be converted to a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof by treating it with a suitable pharmaceutically acceptable acid. In particular, it may be treated with L-(+)-tartaric acid to get Zolpidem hemitartrate.
  • Suitable solvents include polar aprotic solvents.
  • the polar aprotic solvent may include one or more of methyl isobutyl ketone, ethyl methyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, 1,4-dioxane, sulpholane, N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, acetonitrile, and N-methylpyrrolidone. Mixtures of all of these solvents are also contemplated.
  • the reaction can be carried out a temperature range of from about 8O 0 C to about 12O 0 C. In particular, it may be carried out at a temperature from about 8O 0 C to about 100 0 C.
  • the inventors have found a novel non-hygroscopic polymorphic form (designated Form I) of Zolpidem hemitartrate.
  • the polymorphic Form I is characterized by its X-ray diffraction pattern as shown in Figure I, differential scanning calorimetry profile as shown in Figure II, infrared spectrum as shown in Figure III, and the thermogravimetry curve as shown in Figure IV.
  • Form I of Zolpidem hemitartrate may be characterized by X-ray diffraction peaks at about 7.0, 7.8, 8.6, 8.9, 12.2, 15.6, 16.5, 17.3, 24.3 and 26.0 degrees two-theta values.
  • Form I of Zolpidem hemitartrate may be characterized by DSC endothermic peaks at about 7O 0 C, 109 0 C, 189 0 C and 204 0 C. It may be further characterized by exothermic peaks at about 119 0 C and 157 0 C.
  • Form I of Zolpidem hemitartrate may be characterized by weight loss from about 1.0% upto about 1.75% w/w as determined by thermogravimetry.
  • Form I of Zolpidem hemitartrate has a moisture content of about 1.25% to 2.5% w/w as determined by Karl Fischer method.
  • the inventors also have developed a process for the preparation of the non- hygroscopic Form I of Zolpidem hemitartrate.
  • the process involves obtaining a solution of Zolpidem in one or more alcoholic solvents; contacting the solution with L-(+)-tartaric acid to form a reaction mixture; adding an anti-solvent to the reaction mixture; and isolating the Form I of Zolpidem hemitartrate from the mixture.
  • the inventors also have developed pharmaceutical compositions that contain Form I of Zolpidem hemitartrate in admixture with one or more solid or liquid pharmaceutical diluents, carriers, and/or excipients.
  • Alcoholic solvents include one or more of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and n- butanol.
  • anti-solvents that maybe added to precipitate out salt of Zolpidem include ketones such as acetone, methyl isobutyl ketone, ethyl methyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, and mixtures thereof.
  • Zolpidem base may be prepared by any of the methods known in the art. In particular, it may be prepared by the method described above. In general, the solution of Zolpidem base may be obtained by dissolving Zolpidem in one or more ( solvents.
  • the solution of Zolpidem in a solvent can be obtained by dissolving, slurrying, stirring, or a combination thereof.
  • the solution may be treated with animal charcoal before precipitation of the Zolpidem hemitartrate.
  • an anti-solvent may be added to induce precipitation of Zolpidem hemitartrate from the reaction mixture.
  • An anti-solvent is a solvent in which the salt of Zolpidem is insoluble or sparingly soluble to the solvent in which salt of Zolpidem is prepared.
  • the precipitation may be spontaneous depending upon the solvents and the conditions used.
  • the precipitation may also be facilitated by adding seeds of the desired polymorphic form. Alternatively, precipitation may also be induced by distilling off some solvent and/or reducing the temperature.
  • the desired polymorphic form made according to the latter method may be used as the seed in the former method at a subsequent time.
  • the product obtained may be further or additionally dried to achieve the desired moisture values.
  • the product may be further or additionally dried in a tray drier, dried under vacuum and/or in a Fluid Bed Drier.
  • a warm-blooded animal is a member of the animal kingdom possessed of a homeostatic mechanism and includes mammals and birds.
  • Infrared spectra were recorded using the following instrument and parameters: SCAN: 16 scans, 4.0 cm "1 According to the USP 25, general test methods page 1920, infrared absorption spectrum by potassium bromide pellet method.
  • Example 1 Preparation of Zolpidem 3-bromo-N,N-dimethyl-4-oxo-4-p-tolyl-butyramide (50 gm) was dissolved in methyl isobutyl ketone (350 ml) and stirred to get a solution. 2-amono-5-methylpyridine (18.1 gm) was added to this solution. The reaction mixture was heated to 82-85 0 C and stirred at 82-85 0 C for 18-20 hours. The reaction mixture was then cooled to 25 0 C and the separated solids were filtered. The wet cake was washed with methyl isobutyl ketone (2 x 100 ml).
  • Zolpidem base 35 gm was dissolved in methanol (140 ml) and 1.75 gm activated carbon was added to it. The resultant mass was stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes and then filtered through a celite bed. To the clear filtrate, a solution of L-(+)-tartaric acid (8.55 gm) dissolved in methanol (70 ml) was added under stirring at 45-5O 0 C. Acetone (280 ml) was added to the reaction mass. The reaction mixture was seeded with pure Zolpidem tartarate (0.2 gm) followed by cooling to -20 to -15 0 C.
  • the resultant reaction mass was stirred at -20 to -15 0 C for further 2 hours and separated solids were filtered.
  • the wet cake was washed with acetone (2 x70 ml).
  • the cake was dried at 45 to 5O 0 C under reduced pressure for 6 to 8 hours to get pure Zolpidem hemitartarate.
  • Zolpidem base (30 gm) was dissolved in methanol (120 ml) and activated carbon (1.5 gm) was added to it. The resultant mass was stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes and then filtered through a celite bed and the bed was washed with methanol (2 x 30 ml). To the combined, clear filtrate, a solution of L-(+)-tartaric acid (7.2 gm) dissolved in methanol (60 ml) was added under stirring at 45-5O 0 C. To the reaction mass, acetone (240 ml) was added. The reaction mixture was cooled to -20 to -15 0 C.
  • the resulting Zolpidem hemitartrate Form I can be used in pharmaceutical compositions with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, excipients or diluents, as known by those of ordinary skill in the art, to prepare dosage forms that are suitable for administering to patients to treat the conditions described herein or otherwise known to be suitable for treatment with Zolpidem.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Neurosurgery (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des procédés de préparation d'un polymorphe d'hémitratrate de zolpidem. L'invention porte notamment sur la préparation d'une forme polymorphe non-hygroscopique d'hémitratrate de zolpidem et sur des compositions pharmaceutiques comprenant ladite forme polymorphe non-hygroscopique, appelée Forme I d'hémitartrate de zolpidem. L'invention se rapporte également à l'utilisation de compositions pour le traitement de l'anxiété, de troubles du sommeil et de convulsions. Elle concerne également un procédé de préparation de zolpidem ou de sels de celui-ci, acceptables au plan pharmaceutique.
PCT/IB2005/002043 2004-07-16 2005-07-15 Nouveau polymorphe d'hemitartrate de zolpidem WO2006008636A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/572,017 US20080262025A1 (en) 2004-07-16 2005-07-15 Processes for the Preparation of Zolpidem and its Hemitartrate

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IN1313/DEL/2004 2004-07-16
IN1313DE2004 2004-07-16
IN1549/DEL2004 2004-08-19
IN1549DE2004 2004-08-19

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WO2006008636A2 true WO2006008636A2 (fr) 2006-01-26
WO2006008636A3 WO2006008636A3 (fr) 2006-08-17

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007040995A1 (fr) * 2005-10-03 2007-04-12 Mallinckrodt Inc. Procédé pour la préparation de polymorphes de zolpidem hémitartrate et tartrate

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KR20150038745A (ko) * 2004-02-17 2015-04-08 트랜스셉트 파마슈티칼스, 인코포레이티드 구강 점막을 가로지르는 수면제 전달용 조성물 및 이의 사용 방법
US20070287740A1 (en) * 2005-05-25 2007-12-13 Transcept Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Compositions and methods of treating middle-of-the night insomnia
KR20130042041A (ko) 2005-05-25 2013-04-25 트랜스셉트 파마슈티칼스, 인코포레이티드 야반 불면증을 치료하기 위한 고체 조성물 및 방법
US20070225322A1 (en) * 2005-05-25 2007-09-27 Transoral Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Compositions and methods for treating middle-of-the night insomnia
WO2008067549A2 (fr) * 2006-11-30 2008-06-05 Transcept Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Compositions pharmaceutiques de zolpidem stabilisées

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WO2007040995A1 (fr) * 2005-10-03 2007-04-12 Mallinckrodt Inc. Procédé pour la préparation de polymorphes de zolpidem hémitartrate et tartrate

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