WO2006003895A1 - メタルハライドランプ、メタルハライドランプ点灯装置および前照灯 - Google Patents
メタルハライドランプ、メタルハライドランプ点灯装置および前照灯 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006003895A1 WO2006003895A1 PCT/JP2005/011846 JP2005011846W WO2006003895A1 WO 2006003895 A1 WO2006003895 A1 WO 2006003895A1 JP 2005011846 W JP2005011846 W JP 2005011846W WO 2006003895 A1 WO2006003895 A1 WO 2006003895A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- metal halide
- lamp
- halide lamp
- metal
- mercury
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 150000002366 halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 28
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DECCZIUVGMLHKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium tungsten Chemical compound [W].[Re] DECCZIUVGMLHKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thallium Chemical compound [Tl] BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000691 Re alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenegallium;selenium Chemical compound [Se].[Se]=[Ga].[Se]=[Ga] VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005368 silicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
- H01J61/125—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having an halogenide as principal component
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/82—Lamps with high-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure > 400 Torr
- H01J61/827—Metal halide arc lamps
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
- H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
- H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from DC by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage DC
- H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from DC by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage DC using static converters
- H05B41/288—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from DC by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage DC using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
- H05B41/292—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
- H05B41/2928—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the lamp against abnormal operating conditions
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a mercury-free metal halide lamp, a metal halide lamp lighting device using the same, and a headlamp.
- a so-called mercury-free metal halide lamp (hereinafter referred to as “mercury-free lamp” for the sake of convenience) that essentially does not enclose mercury is already known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- Mercury-free lamps use metal halides that have a relatively high vapor pressure such as zinc (Zn) and do not easily emit light in the visible region, instead of mercury, which was enclosed as a buffer material for forming the lamp voltage. It is common to enclose.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11 238488
- Non-Patent Document 1 Japan Light Bulb Industry Association Standard JEL 215 “Automobile Headlight HID Light Source”
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-006610
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-313001
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-187742
- the present invention uses a mercury-free metal halide lamp that is more practical and particularly suitable for headlamps, which suppresses the occurrence of flickering of light emission and improves the rise of luminous flux immediately after starting.
- the object is to provide a metal halide lamp lighting device and a headlamp.
- the present invention provides a ratio VoZVl within a predetermined range of the average lamp voltage Vo for 2 seconds to the lamp voltage VI at the time of stabilization immediately after starting, that is, 0.3 to 1 after starting. It is configured so as to fit in. That is,
- the metal halide lamp of the present invention comprises: a translucent airtight container having an internal volume of 0. Ice or less; a pair of electrodes sealed in a translucent airtight container with a distance between electrodes of 5 mm or less; and scandium (Sc ), Sodium (Na), indium (In), zinc (Zn) and rare earth metal gnolepes, and halogens containing rare gases and essentially free of mercury (Hg), And a discharge medium enclosed in a light-transmitting hermetic vessel with a tube wall load of 60 W / cm 2 or more and 0.3 to 1 after the start: 1.
- the average lamp voltage for 2 seconds is Vo
- Vo / Vl satisfies the following formula when the average lamp voltage in the stable state is VI.
- a metal halide lamp lighting device comprises: a metal halide lamp according to claim 1; and a lighting circuit for lighting the metal halide lamp.
- a headlamp of the present invention comprises: a headlamp main body; and the metal halide lamp according to claim 1 disposed on the headlamp main body; and a lighting circuit for lighting the metal halide lamp. It is characterized by that.
- the present invention by setting the ratio Vo / Vl within a predetermined range, the rise of the light flux immediately after start-up is improved, and the occurrence of flickering of light emission is effectively suppressed even during the lifetime. As a result, it is possible to provide a mercury-free metal halide lamp, a metal halide lamp lighting device, and a headlamp that are practical and suitable for a headlamp.
- FIG. 1 is a front view showing the entirety of an embodiment for carrying out the present invention as a metal halide lamp for automobile headlamps.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the ratio Vo / Vl and the flicker occurrence rate immediately after starting.
- FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment for carrying out the metal halide lamp lighting device of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing an automobile headlamp as an embodiment for carrying out the headlamp of the present invention.
- a metal halide lamp MHL for automobile headlamps in one embodiment for carrying out the present invention shown in FIG. 1 includes an arc tube IT, an insulating tube rod, an outer tube rod, and a base tube.
- the arc tube IT includes a translucent airtight container 1, a pair of electrodes lb and lb, a pair of external lead wires 3A and 3B, and a discharge medium.
- the translucent airtight container 1 is fireproof and translucent, and includes an enclosure la that forms an internal space lc with an internal volume of 0. Ice or less. ing.
- the internal volume is preferably 0.05 cc or less.
- the inner space lc is almost cylindrical.
- the outer surface of the surrounding portion la of the translucent airtight container 1 has a rotating quadratic curved surface shape such as an elliptical shape or a spindle shape.
- the wall thickness of the surrounding portion la is thick as a whole, and the thickness gradually decreases in both end directions where the thickness of the central portion in the tube axis direction is the largest.
- the heat transfer of the translucent airtight container 1 is improved, and the temperature rise of the discharge medium adhering to the bottom surface and the inner side surface of the internal space lc is accelerated, so that the rise of the luminous flux is accelerated. Acts effectively.
- the light-transmitting airtight container 1 is "fireproof and light-transmitting" means that at least the light guide portion, which is a portion that attempts to emit light to the outside of the surrounding portion la, is light-transmitting. It also means that it has at least heat resistance enough to withstand the normal operating temperature of metalno and ride lamps MHL. Therefore, the translucent airtight container 1 is a material having fire resistance, and any desired light guide portion that can emit visible light in a desired wavelength region generated by discharge to the outside. It may be made with. For example, translucent ceramics or quartz glass can be used. In the case of metal halide lamps for headlamps, quartz glass with high linear transmittance is generally used.
- the light-transmitting hermetic container 1 is made of quartz glass, a transparent film having a halogen resistance or a halogen-resistant physical property is formed on the inner surface of the surrounding portion la of the light-transmitting hermetic container 1 as necessary. It is permissible to modify the inner surface of the force-transmitting airtight container 1.
- the translucent airtight container 1 is made of quartz glass
- a pair of sealing portions lal and lal can be formed at both ends of the surrounding portion la in the tube axis direction.
- the pair of sealing portions lal and lal seals the surrounding portion la, and a shaft portion of an electrode lb, which will be described later, is embedded therein and is not illustrated.
- This means contributes to the airtight introduction of current from the lamp circuit to the electrode lb, and extends integrally from both ends of the enclosure la.
- an appropriate hermetic sealing conduction means preferably a sealing metal foil 2 is embedded in the airtightly inside. Yes.
- the sealing metal foil 2 is embedded in the inside of the sealing portion lal in an airtight manner, and the sealing portion lal cooperates to keep the inside of the surrounding portion la of the translucent airtight container 1 airtight.
- it is a means for functioning as a current conducting conductor, and when the light-transmitting hermetic vessel 1 is made of quartz glass, molybdenum (Mo) or rhenium-tungsten alloy (Re-W) should be used. Can do. Molybdenum oxidizes when it reaches about 350 ° C, so it is mounted so that the temperature at the end of the external side S is lower than this.
- the method for embedding the sealing metal foil 2 in the sealing portion lal is not particularly limited, but, for example, a reduced pressure sealing method, a pinch sealing method, or the like can be used alone or in combination.
- the latter is suitable for metal halide lamps that have a small internal volume of 0. Ice or less and are used for headlamps that contain a rare gas such as xenon (Xe) at room temperature and above 5 atm.
- the sealing tube la2 is not cut off, and is integrally extended from the outer end portion of the sealing portion lal. It extends in.
- the pair of electrodes lb and lb are sealed and opposed to the inside of both ends of the enclosing portion la of the translucent airtight container 1.
- the internal space lc of the metal halide lamp MHL is disposed so as to be opposed to both ends of the internal space lc so that the internal volume of the internal space lc faces 0. lccc.
- the pair of electrodes lb and lb have appropriate diameters within a range of 0.25 to 0.5 mm, preferably 0.25 to 0.35 mm. It should be set.
- the pair of electrodes lb and lb includes a shaft portion made of a refractory metal such as tungsten (W), doped tungsten, rhenium (Re), or tungsten-rhenium alloy (W_Re).
- the base end is buried in the sealing part lal by welding to the sealing metal foil 2, etc., the middle is loosely supported by the sealing part lal of the translucent airtight container 1, and the distal end of the translucent airtight container 1
- the internal space lc is disposed so as to face the both ends of the internal space lc so as to face the internal space lc.
- the pair of electrodes lb and lb are extended to the tip portion without increasing its diameter, and the tip shape is truncated cone.
- the tip shape is truncated cone.
- the tip of the electrode lb has a hemispherical shape with a curvature that is half the diameter of the force electrode shaft (not shown).
- the vicinity of the tip of the electrode lb can be made, for example, substantially spherical or elliptical with a diameter larger than that of the shaft.
- the number of times the lamp blinks is extremely large, and a larger current flows at the time of starting than at the steady state. Therefore, if the diameter of the entire electrode lb is increased correspondingly, the translucency in contact with the electrode axis is increased.
- the constituent material of the airtight container 1 flashes, it tends to crack due to thermal stress. Therefore, by forming a large-diameter portion near the tip of the electrode lb, the force shaft portion that can respond to the flashing of the electrode lb is not large in diameter.
- the electrode lb may be configured to operate with either alternating current or direct current.
- the pair of electrodes lb When operating with alternating current, the pair of electrodes lb have the same structure. When operating with direct current, the temperature of the anode generally increases greatly. Therefore, if a large diameter portion is formed near the tip, the heat dissipation area can be increased and frequent flashing can be accommodated. On the other hand, the cathode does not necessarily have to have a large diameter part.
- the pair of external lead wires 3A and 3B has the other ends of the sealed metal foil 2 in the sealed portions lal at both ends of the translucent airtight container 1.
- the base end is led out to the outside.
- the external lead wire 3A led to the right from the arc tube IT is folded back along the outer tube 0T, which will be described later, and is introduced into a later-described base tube, and one of the terminal terminals (not shown).
- the outer lead wire 3B led to the left side of the arc tube IT force extends along the tube axis in the sealing tube la2 and is introduced into the base B, and the other end of the base terminal. (It is shown in the figure.)
- the discharge medium contains a metal halide and a rare gas and essentially does not contain mercury.
- the metal halide includes a plurality of metal halides selected from the group of scandium (Sc), sodium (Na), indium (In), zinc (Zn), and rare earth metals.
- the discharge medium is not limited to the structure consisting of only the metal halides belonging to the above group, but it is allowed to contain a halide of a metal other than the group in an auxiliary manner. For example, by adding a thallium (T1) halide as the main luminescent material, the luminous efficiency can be further increased.
- a metal halide for forming a lamp voltage consisting of the following groups can be added. That is, magnesium (Mg), cobalt (C), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), antimony (Sb), rhenium (Re), gallium (Ga), tin (Sn), iron (Fe), aluminum (
- the lamp voltage can be adjusted as desired by adding a halide of one or more metals selected from the group of A1), titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr) and hafnium (Hf). None of the above metals are expected to be metals that emit high light pressure and do not emit light in the visible range, or that emit relatively little light, that is, light emitting metals, but are suitable primarily for forming lamp voltages. It is a metal.
- the rare gas acts as a starting gas and a buffer gas, and one or a plurality of kinds such as argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), and xenon (Xe) can be used.
- xenon is sealed at 5 atmospheres or more, preferably in the range of 7 to 18 atmospheres, more preferably in the range of 9 to 15 atmospheres.
- “essentially free of mercury” means less than 2 mg, preferably not more than lmg, per lcc of the internal volume of an airtight container that does not contain mercury (Hg) at all. It means to allow the presence of mercury.
- iodine is most suitable among the halogens in terms of reactivity, and at least the main light-emitting metal is mainly enclosed as iodide.
- different halogen compounds such as iodide and bromide can be used in combination.
- the insulating tube T is made of ceramics, and the insulating tube T covers the external lead wire 3A.
- the outer tube jar is made of quartz glass, high silicate glass, or the like, and is a means for housing at least the main part of the arc tube IT therein. Then, UV rays radiated from the arc tube IT to the outside are shielded and mechanically protected, and by touching the transparent tube 1 of the arc tube IT with a hand, it becomes devitrified with human fingerprints and fat. Or prevent the translucent airtight container 1 from being kept warm.
- the inside of the outer pipe OT may be hermetically sealed against the outside air according to the purpose, or air or inert gas that is the same as or reduced in pressure to the outside air may be sealed. Good. In addition, it may communicate with the outside air if necessary.
- a light-shielding film may be provided on the outer surface or the inner surface of the outer tube tube.
- both ends thereof are glass-welded to sealing portions extending in the tube axis direction from both ends of the light-transmitting hermetic container 1, thereby forming the outer tube rod. It can be configured to be supported by the translucent airtight container 1.
- the outer tube has UV-cutting performance, and the arc tube IT is accommodated therein, and the reduced diameter portions 4 at both ends are welded to the sealing portion lal of the discharge vessel IT. However, the inside communicates with the outside air that is not airtight.
- the base B is a means that functions to connect the metal halide lamp MHL to a lighting circuit (not shown) or to mechanically support the metal halide lamp MHL, and in the illustrated form, It is standardized for automotive headlamps. It supports the arc tube IT and the outer tube ⁇ T planted along the central axis, and is detachably mounted on the back of the vehicle headlamp. It is structured as follows.
- the average lamp voltage Vo can be obtained by integrating the changing lamp voltage with respect to time.
- the average ramp voltage Vo can be easily obtained by operating the oscilloscope.
- the average lamp voltage Vo immediately after start-up in the above period is the distance between the electrodes set between the pair of electrodes lb and the tip of lb, the sealing pressure of the rare gas sealed in the translucent airtight container 1, and the permeability. Mainly affected by the shape of the internal space lc of the light tight container 1. If the distance between the electrodes is increased, the average voltage Vo increases. In the case of a metal halide lamp MH L for headlamps, the center value is specified as 4.2 mm by the standard.
- xenon (Xe) should be set in the range of 7 to 18 atm. .
- the average lamp voltage Vo decreases when the curvature is minimized.
- the lamp voltage VI at the time of stability is greatly influenced by the type of metal halide of the discharge medium to be sealed in the inner space lc of the light-transmitting hermetic vessel 1, the mixing ratio thereof, and the amount of those sealed.
- a pair of electrodes lb, the distance between the electrodes formed between the tips of lb, the sealing pressure of the rare gas sealed in the translucent airtight container 1, and the shape of the inner space lc of the translucent airtight container 1 are also included. to be influenced.
- the ratio VoZVl can be set within a predetermined range by appropriately selecting each of the above influencing factors.
- the luminous flux after 4 seconds from starting Rise up to 80 of the rated luminous flux It becomes possible to make it more than / o.
- the flickering of light emission is effectively suppressed over the lifetime, and stable lighting can be obtained.
- the burden on the lighting circuit and the metal halide lamp MHL is reduced, and the designed life can be obtained.
- the lamp voltage VI has a certain tolerance (about 35 to 55V for a lamp with a rated lamp power of 35W), so it will be considered in this range.
- the grounds for the range of the lamp voltage VI will be described.
- the lamp voltage VI is significantly low (less than about 35V for a lamp with a rated lamp power of 35W)
- the lamp current becomes too high
- the ballast (current limiting inductor) in the lighting circuit is designed to withstand the high current.
- the negative effect of increasing the size and cost becomes conspicuous.
- the ratio VoZVl is less than 0.45, if the lamp voltage is within the above range, the average lamp voltage Vo is at least 15V or less. In this way, when the power is below 15V, the constant power lighting generally adopted in the metal halide lamp MHL for headlamps is about 5A at the time of high power at start-up (assuming that it is 75W, which is twice that at stable). The above lamp current will flow, and it will be more than 6 times the stable current of about 0.8A. This is average The lamp voltage Vo is 60% greater than 2.9A at 26V.
- the average lamp voltage Vo exceeds the maximum of 40V based on the same idea as when the value is below the lower limit.
- the lamp current decreases to 1 ⁇ 9A or less at the time of high power at start-up (assuming that it is 75W, which is more than twice the stable).
- the lamp current at this time is 35% or more smaller than 2.9A when the average lamp voltage Vo is 26V.
- the electrode temperature immediately after starting becomes relatively lower than that at the time of the lamp voltage V126V.
- the electron emission of the electrode immediately after start-up is reduced, causing flickering of light emission.
- luminescence flickering is likely to occur immediately after start-up, despite the fact that the electrode temperature is higher than when it is stable. This also shows that a decrease in electrode temperature immediately after starting tends to cause light emission flicker.
- the metal halide of the discharge medium is a halide of a plurality of metals selected from the group of scandium (Sc), sodium (Na), indium (In), zinc (Zn) and rare earth metals, and (3)
- the discharge medium is essentially free of mercury.
- the lamp power per unit surface area of the airtight container, that is, the tube wall load, is 60 (W / cm 2 ) or more. The reasons for this are as follows. That is,
- Metal halide lamps with a distance between electrodes of 5 mm or less are used for applications where it is necessary or preferred that the luminous flux rises immediately after startup, such as for headlamps and projections. This is because the present invention is effective. Note that the distance between electrodes is standardized as 4.2 mm for metal halide lamps for automobile headlamps, and 2 mm or less is suitable for projections.
- the metal halide of the discharge medium is a plurality of types selected from the above group, a metal halide lamp suitable for various applications can be obtained.
- a metal halide lamp suitable for various applications can be obtained.
- scandium (Sc) and sodium (Na) are particularly combinations thereof.
- white light emission is generated with high efficiency, it can be used as the main light-emitting substance for visible light.
- Indium (In) and zinc (Zn) emit blue light and can be used for chromaticity adjustment.
- zinc has a relatively high vapor pressure and can be used for lamp voltage formation.
- the rare earth metal can be mainly used for visible light emission and chromaticity adjustment.
- mercury (Hg) it is preferable for mercury (Hg) not to contain any mercury (Hg) to reduce environmental load substances. Even if it is contained to the extent that there is no significant effect, in other words, it is acceptable.
- the tube wall load is 60 (W / cm 2 ) or more because the present invention is effective for various metal halide lamps of small and high light output type such as for headlamps and projections. This is to make it clear.
- Comparative Example 1 is a commercially available metal halide lamp for automotive headlamps
- Comparative Example 2 is a mercury-free lamp for automotive headlamps that does not have the configuration of the present invention.
- Translucent airtight container 1 inner volume of internal space 0.020cc, inner diameter 2.6mm,
- Discharge medium Metal halide Scl -Nal-Znl -In to Csl,
- Translucent airtight container 1 Inner volume 0.020cc, Inner diameter 2.6mm, Enclosure length 7.0mm, Enclosure outer diameter 6.0mm
- Discharge medium Metal halide Scl-Nal-Hg,
- Translucent airtight container 1 Inner volume 0.045cc, Inner diameter 4.0mm, Enclosure length 7.0mm, Enclosure outer diameter 6.0mm
- Discharge medium Metal halide ScI _NaI- Znl Total 1.3 mg, Noble gas Xe5atm
- the horizontal axis indicates the ratio Vo / Vl
- the vertical axis indicates the flicker occurrence rate (%). The flicker occurrence rate was determined by visual judgment.
- FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of one embodiment for implementing the metal halide lamp lighting device of the present invention. That is, the metal halide lamp lighting device includes a main lighting circuit 12A and a starter 12B.
- the main lighting circuit 12A is configured as described later, and can be attached to the headlight body 11 described later.
- the metal halide lamp 14 comprises the metal halide lamp of the present invention shown in FIG.
- the main lighting circuit 12A includes a DC power source 21, a booster chopper 22, an inverter 23, and a control circuit 24, and lights the methanol and ride lamps 13.
- the DC power source 21 includes a battery power source, a rectified DC power source, and the like, and includes a smoothing capacitor C1 connected between DC output terminals.
- the boosting chopper 22 boosts the DC voltage supplied from the DC power source 21 to a required voltage.
- Reference numeral 22a denotes a drive circuit that drives the switching element of the step-up chopper 22.
- the inverter 23 is a full-bridge inverter. And four switching elements Q1 to Q4 are bridge-connected, and the pair of switching elements Ql and Q3 constituting the opposite two sides and the other pair of switching elements Q2 and Q4 constituting the opposite two sides are alternately switched, and the output A rectangular wave AC voltage is output between the ends.
- Reference numeral 23a denotes a drive circuit that drives the switching elements Q1 to Q4 of the inverter 23.
- the control circuit 24 requires the step-up chopper 22 and the inverter 23.
- the control circuit 24 is about twice or more of the rated lamp power for a few seconds immediately after the metal halide lamp 13 is started, for example 2.3. Control is performed so that the lamp is lit at about twice the power level and gradually reduced to the rated lamp power when the lamp is steadily lit.
- the starter 12B When the metal halide lamp 13 is started, the starter 12B outputs a high voltage pulse and applies it to the metal lamp and the ride lamp 13 to instantly start it.
- the metal halide lamp lighting device starts the metal halide lamp 13 and lights it stably.
- the metal halide lamp 13 is started, and immediately after the start of lighting, more than twice the rated lamp power is continuously turned on for several seconds. Reduce the lamp power at a constant rate when it rapidly evaporates, and continue to reduce the lamp power from a large value to a steady rate while gradually decreasing the rated lamp power while gradually reducing the reduction rate. It operates to light up while controlling the id lamp.
- FIG. 4 shows an automobile headlamp as an embodiment for carrying out the headlamp of the present invention.
- 11 is a headlamp body
- 12 is a lighting circuit
- 13 is a metal halide lamp.
- the headlamp main body 11 refers to the remaining part of the headlamp excluding the metal halide lamp 13 and the lighting circuit 12.
- the headlamp body 11 has a container shape, and includes a reflecting mirror lla inside, a lens lib on the front surface, and a lamp socket not shown.
Landscapes
- Discharge Lamp (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
- Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/631,146 US20080278078A1 (en) | 2004-06-30 | 2005-06-28 | Metal Halide Lamp, Metal Halide Lamp Lighting Device, and Headlight |
EP05765397A EP1763068A1 (en) | 2004-06-30 | 2005-06-28 | Metal halide lamp, lighting device for metal halide lamp and headlight |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004-193064 | 2004-06-30 | ||
JP2004193064A JP2006019053A (ja) | 2004-06-30 | 2004-06-30 | メタルハライドランプおよび前照灯 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2006003895A1 true WO2006003895A1 (ja) | 2006-01-12 |
Family
ID=35782702
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2005/011846 WO2006003895A1 (ja) | 2004-06-30 | 2005-06-28 | メタルハライドランプ、メタルハライドランプ点灯装置および前照灯 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080278078A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1763068A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2006019053A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1993800A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006003895A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP4890809B2 (ja) * | 2005-07-28 | 2012-03-07 | ハリソン東芝ライティング株式会社 | メタルハライドランプ、メタルハライドランプ点灯装置および前照灯 |
JP2007220531A (ja) * | 2006-02-17 | 2007-08-30 | Koito Mfg Co Ltd | 放電灯 |
DE602008005409D1 (de) * | 2008-04-24 | 2011-04-21 | Ford Global Tech Llc | Scheinwerferanordnung und Fahrzeug |
SE534212C2 (sv) | 2009-10-12 | 2011-06-07 | Auralight Int Ab | Metallhalogenlampa i vilken ljusbågsröret har större väggtjocklek i ändpartierna än i mittpartiet |
US8710742B2 (en) | 2011-07-06 | 2014-04-29 | Osram Sylvania Inc. | Metal halide lamps with fast run-up and methods of operating the same |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS575257A (en) * | 1980-06-12 | 1982-01-12 | Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd | Temporary stable metal halide lamp |
WO2003030210A1 (fr) * | 2001-09-27 | 2003-04-10 | Harison Toshiba Lighting Corp. | Lampe a decharge a haute pression, dispositif de fonctionnement d'une lampe a decharge a haute pression, et dispositif de phare avant pour automobiles |
JP2003288859A (ja) * | 2002-03-27 | 2003-10-10 | Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corp | メタルハライドランプおよび自動車用前照灯装置 |
-
2004
- 2004-06-30 JP JP2004193064A patent/JP2006019053A/ja active Pending
-
2005
- 2005-06-28 EP EP05765397A patent/EP1763068A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-06-28 WO PCT/JP2005/011846 patent/WO2006003895A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-06-28 CN CNA2005800221198A patent/CN1993800A/zh active Pending
- 2005-06-28 US US11/631,146 patent/US20080278078A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS575257A (en) * | 1980-06-12 | 1982-01-12 | Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd | Temporary stable metal halide lamp |
WO2003030210A1 (fr) * | 2001-09-27 | 2003-04-10 | Harison Toshiba Lighting Corp. | Lampe a decharge a haute pression, dispositif de fonctionnement d'une lampe a decharge a haute pression, et dispositif de phare avant pour automobiles |
JP2003288859A (ja) * | 2002-03-27 | 2003-10-10 | Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corp | メタルハライドランプおよび自動車用前照灯装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2006019053A (ja) | 2006-01-19 |
US20080278078A1 (en) | 2008-11-13 |
EP1763068A1 (en) | 2007-03-14 |
CN1993800A (zh) | 2007-07-04 |
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