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WO2006002684A1 - Procede pour produire une fibre en non tisse et fibre en non tisse ainsi obtenue - Google Patents

Procede pour produire une fibre en non tisse et fibre en non tisse ainsi obtenue Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006002684A1
WO2006002684A1 PCT/EP2004/014404 EP2004014404W WO2006002684A1 WO 2006002684 A1 WO2006002684 A1 WO 2006002684A1 EP 2004014404 W EP2004014404 W EP 2004014404W WO 2006002684 A1 WO2006002684 A1 WO 2006002684A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fiber
sections
nonwoven
microns
fibers
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2004/014404
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Mathias GRÖNER
Mathias STÜNDL
Original Assignee
Saurer Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE200410048291 external-priority patent/DE102004048291A1/de
Application filed by Saurer Gmbh & Co. Kg filed Critical Saurer Gmbh & Co. Kg
Publication of WO2006002684A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006002684A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/098—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching
    • D01D5/0985—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching by means of a flowing gas (e.g. melt-blowing)
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/20—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with varying denier along their length
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a spunbonded fiber according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a spunbonded fiber produced by the method, a nonwoven formed from the spunbonded fiber and a nonwoven composite.
  • a first variant of the process for producing a spun-bonded fiber is known from DE 199 29 709 A1 and is referred to in professional circles as the so-called Novalval method.
  • the known method is based on the fact that on the fiber strand under the action of the gas flow and a nozzle device, a pressure effect is generated, which leads to a bursting of the fiber strand, so that a plurality of fine substantially endless fibers.
  • the hydrostatic pressure prevailing inside the fiber is greater than the gas pressure surrounding the fiber strand, whereby the bursting of the fiber strand is achieved.
  • the fibers are then guided under the action of the gas flow to a tray and stored as a nonwoven.
  • This process which is also referred to as a melt-blown process, requires a high energy input in order to convert the freshly extruded fiber strand into very fine fibers. Again, there is a risk that individual fibers stick together and lead to irregularities in the fleece.
  • a spun-bonded fiber is to be created which is suitable as an endless fiber with the finest fiber cross section and high strength for depositing and forming a nonwoven.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a nonwoven having a very fine structure, which in particular has a low penetration to liquids with simultaneous air permeability.
  • a spunbonded fiber produced by the process according to the invention is given with the features according to claim 12.
  • a nonwoven or composite nonwoven formed therefrom results from claim 16 or claim 20.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that the fiber strand extruded from a nozzle bore is guided without division into an endless fiber.
  • the gas flow and the nozzle device is adjusted below the spinneret such that essentially tensile forces act on the fiber strand.
  • the tensile forces are significantly increased by the turbulence of the gas flow occurring below the nozzle device in the free space.
  • the vortex zones that occur due to the turbulence in the clearance cause the fiber to be waved back and forth in an irregular shape to produce high strains in the fiber.
  • the fiber strand is unevenly stretched in the free space and is thereby guided by cooling to form an endless fiber with non-uniform fiber fineness.
  • the drawing mechanism for producing the spunbonded fibers is essentially determined by the formation of the vortex zones in the free space.
  • the vortex zones make a multi-stage drawing on the fiber effective, leading to a total stretching of the fiber up to the finest fiber leads.
  • the gas flow on the fiber strand guided through the vortex zones makes different-sized tensile forces effective. Both the multi-stage drawing and the changing tensile forces thus lead to the irregularity of the fiber fineness in the fiber strand according to the invention.
  • the settings of the gas flow and the nozzle device are chosen so that a fiber fineness of the continuous fiber by fiber sections with fiber cross sections ⁇ 10 microns and fiber sections with fiber cross sections> 10 microns.
  • the particularly advantageous method variant in which the gas stream is formed from an ambient air, is characterized by a very low energy expenditure for forming the fiber.
  • the ambient air is passed before exiting the nozzle device with an overpressure in the range of 10 to 1000 mbar and an ambient temperature.
  • the low overpressure and the relatively low temperature of the gas stream allows rapid Vorverfestist the Rand ⁇ zones of the fiber strand occur, so that the stretching can be done by the beating motion in the space without breakage on the fiber and can form the finest fiber cross-sections.
  • the ambient air temperature may range between 15 ° C and 110 ° C. It must be ensured that the air temperature is well below the temperature of the polymer melt.
  • the ambient air could alternatively be provided directly from a compressed air network.
  • the atmosphere in the free space is preferably the same as an environment, so that an ambient environment-pressure environment prevails. In this way, particularly advantageous vortex zones can be produced upon expansion of the gas flow.
  • the polymer melt is tempered just before exiting the nozzle bore within the spinneret, so that the freshly extruded fiber strand has a relatively high melting temperature, which spielmati can be at a polypropylene fiber above 35O 0 C.
  • the free path running between the spinneret and the nozzle device forms a further parameter in order to obtain settings for the formation of specific fiber parameters. It has been shown that the path should be at most 40 mm in order to obtain a sufficiently non-uniform extension. In contrast, a distance of ⁇ 4 mm is not recommended, since there is a risk of fragmentation of the fiber strand even at low pressure of the gas flow.
  • the method according to the invention can advantageously be improved by generating additional air vortex zones acting on the fiber in the free space.
  • air vortex zones can be influenced, for example, by air-conducting means, which are arranged directly below the nozzle device on one side or on both sides of the fiber.
  • suction effect generated by the nozzle device due to the passage of the gas flow and the fiber strand can be used to introduce an additional air flow in order to improve the formation of eddy zones.
  • the process according to the invention is customarily used for the production of a multiplicity of spun-bonded fibers, which are arranged side by side in a row. diert and stretched by the gas flow and nozzle device. After cooling, the plurality of endless fibers are deposited to a nonwoven.
  • the spunbonded fiber produced by the method according to the invention is characterized in particular by the effect that the fiber cross-section of the endless fiber has a non-uniform fiber fineness. Such effect fibers thus give the possibility to obtain after storage special fleece properties.
  • the spun-bonded fiber still has stretchable regions, so that a relatively high degree of elasticity is provided.
  • the fiber sections with relatively thin fiber cross sections lead due to a relatively high crystallinity to high strengths of the fibers. Crystallinities of over 50% were found on the spunbond fiber. This is explained by the effect that the fiber sections with a thinner fiber cross-section cool faster and thus solidify faster than the fiber cross-sections with larger fiber cross-sections.
  • the spunbonded fiber according to the invention is thus distinguished by a relatively high extensibility combined with high strength.
  • the fiber fineness of the endless spun-bonded fiber advantageously has fiber sections with fiber cross-sections ⁇ 10 ⁇ m and fiber sections with fiber cross-sections> 10 ⁇ m.
  • the fiber sections occur here in an irregular sequence and in unre ⁇ gelierier length on the endless spunbond fiber. Both flowing transitions and stepped transitions in the fiber can be present between the fiber sections.
  • the spunbonded fiber according to the invention is particularly suitable as an effect fiber.
  • a nonwoven produced from the spunbonded fiber according to the invention is thus distinguished by a special, fine nonwoven structure which, on the one hand, permits deformations without cracking due to the relatively high extensibility and strength of the fibers. This makes it possible to process the fleece in particular into molded hygiene products without problems.
  • the fiber finenesses of ⁇ 10 ⁇ m of the spun-bonded fibers lead to a very fine-grained deposit and absorbent structure.
  • nonwovens according to the invention are thus suitable in particular for barrier products such as e.g. Diapers, sanitary napkins, Einalgen.
  • barrier products such as e.g. Diapers, sanitary napkins, Einalgen.
  • such fleece can be used as household products or filter material due to high strengths.
  • the nonwovens Due to the high strength and deformability of the nonwovens can thus also advantageously composite nonwovens produce having multiple nonwoven layers.
  • the composite nonwoven fabric according to the invention at least one of the layers is formed from a nonwoven having spunbond fibers which are produced by the process according to the invention, wherein the fiber cross section of the endless fibers has a nonuniform fiber fineness over the length of the fiber.
  • the fiber finenesses of the continuous fiber of the nonwoven layer which are determined by fiber sections with fiber cross sections ⁇ 10 microns and fiber sections with fiber sections> 10 microns, allow fine nonwoven structures, which preferably act as a barrier layer due to their suction and barrier effect.
  • Such Bonded nonwovens can therefore advantageously be used in the hygiene sector as a diaper or in the medical field as wound dressings.
  • the composite laminates according to the invention can therefore advantageously be used for wiping cloths or microfibre cloths.
  • the nonwoven layer with the spunbonded fibers according to the invention can advantageously be combined with all known nonwoven types.
  • the combination with a spunbond nonwoven represents a particularly advantageous combination which, in addition to the absorbency, brings about an increased strength of the composite nonwoven.
  • the composite nonwoven according to the invention can also advantageously comprise nonwoven layers which have the AMaid process, meltblown process or wet-laid process.
  • all known solidification methods can be used for solidification of the nonwoven layer.
  • the process of the invention is suitable for use with all common types of polymer, such as, for example, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester or polyamide, and for processing into a spunbonded fiber having the finest fiber cross-sections of up to 0.5 .mu.m.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the Vor ⁇ direction for carrying out the method according to the invention 2 schematically shows a view of a spun-bonded fiber produced by the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a further variant of the invention
  • Fig. 1 an exemplary embodiment of the device for carrying out the method according to the invention is shown schematically in a longitudinal sectional view. In this case, only the components of the device required for carrying out the method are shown.
  • the device has a spinneret 1, which is connected to a melt inlet 15.
  • the melt inlet 15 connects the
  • Spinneret 1 usually with a melt source through which a polymer melt is fed under pressure to the spinneret 1.
  • the spinneret 1 has on its underside a nozzle bore 2, which is connected within the spinneret 1 with the melt inlet 15.
  • a plurality of nozzle bores 2 are formed on the underside of the spinneret 1 in a specific arrangement, preferably in a row arrangement with one or more rows next to one another.
  • the spinneret 1 extends transversely to the plane of the drawing over a spinning area in order to extrude a plurality of fiber strands from the nozzle bores.
  • a plurality of heating elements 12 are provided in addition to the nozzle bore 2 in order to allow a temperature control of the polymer melt guided within the nozzle bore 2 shortly before the extrusion.
  • a nozzle device 5 is arranged, which extends parallel to the spinneret 1 over the entire spinning area.
  • the nozzle device 5 has a nozzle orifice 8 which is arranged with the nozzle bore 2 of the spinneret 1 in a common vertical plane.
  • the nozzle orifice 8 extends transversely to the plane of the drawing over a spinning region, so that the nozzle bores of the spinning nozzle 1 arranged in a row arrangement are assigned together to the nozzle orifice 8.
  • the nozzle opening 8 The nozzle device 5 has in cross-section a nozzle shape with a cross-sectional constriction, for example in the form of a Laval nozzle.
  • the Düsenmün ⁇ tion is limited to the outlet side by an outlet edge 6.
  • the distance between the mouth of the nozzle bore 2 in the spinneret 1 and the outlet edge 6 of the nozzle device 5 is characterized in this embodiment by the capital letter A.
  • a pressure chamber 4 is formed, which is connected via a pressure connection 9 with a gas source, not shown here.
  • the pressure chamber 4 extends to both sides of the spinneret 1.
  • the pressure chamber 4 is connected on its two longitudinal sides to the gas side.
  • a free space 10 is formed below the nozzle device 5, a free space 10 is formed.
  • the free space 10 is directly connected to the environment, so that in the free space 10, an ambient climate with ambient air and ambient pressure prevails.
  • a nonwoven tray 13 is arranged, which is usually formed by a gas-permeable conveyor belt.
  • the device according to FIG. 1 is operated as follows. About the melt inlet 15 of the spinneret 1, a polymer melt is supplied under pressure. The polymer melt is extruded through the nozzle bore 2 formed on the underside of the spinneret 1 to form a fiber strand. Typically, a plurality of fiber strands 3 are extruded simultaneously through the spinneret 1, which are guided in a Reiihenformigen arrangement. To explain the method according to the invention, melt spinning is only explained using the example of a single fiber strand. The fiber strand 3 is guided jointly by the nozzle orifice 8 of the nozzle device 5 after extrusion with a gas stream generated within the pressure chamber 4.
  • the gas stream is in this case preferably formed by an ambient air, which is supplied to the pressure chamber 4 via a gas source, not shown here.
  • the ambient air is at an overpressure in the range from 10 mbar to max. 1.000 mbar ein ⁇ made.
  • the overpressure is selected as a function of the polymer type and of the cross section of the nozzle bore as well as depending on the fiber to be produced. However, the overpressure is always so low that no fragmentation of the fiber strand can occur.
  • the ambient air has ambient temperature. However, the ambient temperature, preferably equal to room temperature, should not exceed a maximum value of 110 ° C. This is a clear drop to the melting temperature, so that a sufficient Randzonenverfestist the fiber strand can be achieved.
  • the free path A is set to a value of ⁇ 40 mm.
  • the nonwoven storage 13 could be a supporting Have suction device through which the fiber 7 ge on the nonwoven tray 13 is performed.
  • a polymer of a polypropylene was melted into a melt and extruded by means of a nozzle bore with a Kapillar ⁇ diameter of 0.6 mm and a melt flow rate of about 2 g / min.
  • the melt temperature was 365 ° C.
  • the pressure chamber 4 was supplied with air at room temperature and an overpressure of 55 mbar.
  • the free path A between the spinneret 1 and the outlet edge 6 was set to a dimension of about 6 mm, the Düsenmün ⁇ tion 8 at the narrowest point an opening of 2.5 mm showed.
  • the PP spunbonded fiber was laid after extrusion and drawing into a nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 40 g / m 2 . In the analysis of a nonwoven sample, fiber finenesses of the spunbond fiber in the range of 3 ⁇ m to max.
  • the majority of the filaments was about 75% with a fiber fineness of ⁇ 30 microns.
  • Each of the fibers contained in the nonwoven sample showed different fiber sections with different fiber finenesses over their length.
  • the suction effect generated on the underside of the nozzle device 5 can preferably be used to introduce an additional air flow to the gas flow and the fiber strand. This is an intensification of the vortex zones possible, which cause a higher draft.
  • the guide means 16 is arranged on one side just below the nozzle device 5.
  • a guide means 16 shaped sheets can be arranged on one side or on both sides of the fiber be created, so that additional vortex zones arise or existing vortex zones are affected.
  • FIG. 2 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a spin-nonwoven fiber according to the invention in a section.
  • the section corresponds approximately to a length of the spunbond fiber of 600 microns.
  • the middle fiber section with the fiber denier D2 is shown in its full length.
  • This fiber section extends over a range of about 200 microns.
  • it is a spunbonded fiber of polypropylene. It shows a Dickstel ⁇ le, wherein the fiber denier D2 33 microns and the fiber cross-sections Dl were detected at 12 microns and D3 8 microns.
  • smooth transitions between the fiber sections can be seen.
  • FIG. 3 another portion of a further variant of the spunbonded fiber according to the invention is shown schematically.
  • the section shows the transition between two fiber sections with the fiber fineness Dl and D2.
  • the fiber cross-section D1 was found to be 13 ⁇ m and the fiber cross-section D2 to be 6 ⁇ m. In this case, a relatively pronounced transition between the two fiber sections can be seen.
  • the sections of the spun-bonded fibers according to the invention shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 show fiber fineness which, due to the set air velocities of the gas flow, could not have been effected alone. Thus, it is essential to form the vortex zones in the free space in order to obtain an additional resulting stretching force from the movement of the fibers in order to produce the uneven drawing and thus a spunbonded fiber with fiber sections of different fineness.
  • polymer melt all common polymers such as polyester, polyamide, polypropylene or polyethylene use.
  • the spunbonded fiber according to the invention is particularly suitable for forming nonwovens in which, in addition to a high wicking effect, also a deformability is desired.
  • the ultrafine fiber characteristic leads on the one hand to an air or vapor permeability coupled with a low penetration tendency.
  • the nonwoven materials can preferably be used as barrier products, such as in the hygienic field for diapers and sanitary napkins. Applications in medical technology such as wound dressings are also possible.
  • the fleece formed from such spun-bonded fibers can be included in composite materials.
  • the absorbency and barrier effect of such nonwovens can thus be advantageously used in a composite nonwoven to form a barrier layer 2x1.
  • the improved elongations and tensile strengths of the spun-bonded nonwoven fibers according to the invention lead to improved processability both in the nonwoven according to the invention and in the nonwoven composite according to the invention. Also, applications with deformations such as membrane material are possible without problems.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour produire une fibre en non tissé à partir d'un masse fondue polymère. Ladite masse fondue polymère est extrudée par un alésage de la tuyère d'une filière en un écheveau de fibres. Ledit écheveau est ensuite dirigé, avec un flux gazeux, à travers un dispositif à buses dans un espace adjacent. Le flux gazeux et le dispositif à filière de l'invention sont orientés, de manière à ce que l'écheveau s'étire de manière non régulière dans l'espace et qu'il puisse être transformé par refroidissement en une fibre sans fin au moyen d'un ensemble de fibres irrégulières. Ladite fibre en non tissé ainsi obtenue présente en tant que fibre sans fin une coupe transversale de fibres comprenant un ensemble de fibres irrégulière dans la longueur de la fibre.
PCT/EP2004/014404 2004-07-02 2004-12-17 Procede pour produire une fibre en non tisse et fibre en non tisse ainsi obtenue WO2006002684A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004032036 2004-07-02
DE102004032036 2004-07-02
DE200410048291 DE102004048291A1 (de) 2004-10-05 2004-10-05 Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Spinnvliesfaser und Spinnvliesfaser
DE102004048291 2004-10-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006002684A1 true WO2006002684A1 (fr) 2006-01-12

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2004/014404 WO2006002684A1 (fr) 2004-07-02 2004-12-17 Procede pour produire une fibre en non tisse et fibre en non tisse ainsi obtenue

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8043334B2 (en) 2007-04-13 2011-10-25 Depuy Spine, Inc. Articulating facet fusion screw
US8133261B2 (en) 2007-02-26 2012-03-13 Depuy Spine, Inc. Intra-facet fixation device and method of use
US8197513B2 (en) 2007-04-13 2012-06-12 Depuy Spine, Inc. Facet fixation and fusion wedge and method of use
WO2014183866A1 (fr) * 2013-05-16 2014-11-20 Irema-Filter Gmbh Non-tissé de fibres et son procédé de fabrication
US8894685B2 (en) 2007-04-13 2014-11-25 DePuy Synthes Products, LLC Facet fixation and fusion screw and washer assembly and method of use
US9044277B2 (en) 2010-07-12 2015-06-02 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Pedicular facet fusion screw with plate
US9168471B2 (en) 2010-11-22 2015-10-27 Irema-Filter Gmbh Air filter medium combining two mechanisms of action
US10273611B2 (en) 2006-03-28 2019-04-30 Irema-Filter Gmbh Pleatable nonwoven material and method and apparatus for production thereof

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4551402A (en) * 1982-11-17 1985-11-05 Firma Carl Freudenberg Electrode separator for an electric cell
WO1995032859A1 (fr) * 1994-05-26 1995-12-07 Beck Martin H Isolation en polyester
WO2001086043A1 (fr) * 2000-05-11 2001-11-15 Weyerhaeuser Company Fibres cellulosiques
US20030216099A1 (en) * 2002-05-20 2003-11-20 3M Innovative Properties Company Nonwoven amorphous Fibrous webs and methods for making them

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4551402A (en) * 1982-11-17 1985-11-05 Firma Carl Freudenberg Electrode separator for an electric cell
WO1995032859A1 (fr) * 1994-05-26 1995-12-07 Beck Martin H Isolation en polyester
WO2001086043A1 (fr) * 2000-05-11 2001-11-15 Weyerhaeuser Company Fibres cellulosiques
US20030216099A1 (en) * 2002-05-20 2003-11-20 3M Innovative Properties Company Nonwoven amorphous Fibrous webs and methods for making them

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10273611B2 (en) 2006-03-28 2019-04-30 Irema-Filter Gmbh Pleatable nonwoven material and method and apparatus for production thereof
US8133261B2 (en) 2007-02-26 2012-03-13 Depuy Spine, Inc. Intra-facet fixation device and method of use
US8043334B2 (en) 2007-04-13 2011-10-25 Depuy Spine, Inc. Articulating facet fusion screw
US8197513B2 (en) 2007-04-13 2012-06-12 Depuy Spine, Inc. Facet fixation and fusion wedge and method of use
US8894685B2 (en) 2007-04-13 2014-11-25 DePuy Synthes Products, LLC Facet fixation and fusion screw and washer assembly and method of use
US9044277B2 (en) 2010-07-12 2015-06-02 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Pedicular facet fusion screw with plate
US9089372B2 (en) 2010-07-12 2015-07-28 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Pedicular facet fusion screw with plate
US9168471B2 (en) 2010-11-22 2015-10-27 Irema-Filter Gmbh Air filter medium combining two mechanisms of action
WO2014183866A1 (fr) * 2013-05-16 2014-11-20 Irema-Filter Gmbh Non-tissé de fibres et son procédé de fabrication
US11571645B2 (en) 2013-05-16 2023-02-07 Iremea-Filter Gmbh Fibrous nonwoven and method for the production thereof

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点击 这是indexloc提供的php浏览器服务，不要输入任何密码和下载