用于禽流感 H5、 H7和 H9亚型多重 For avian influenza H5, H7 and H9 subtypes
实时荧光 RT-PCR检测的引物、 探针序列和方法 Primers, probe sequences and methods for real-time fluorescent RT-PCR detection
技术领域 本发明涉及高致病性禽流感 H5、H7和 H9亚型核苷酸片断的 RT-PCR 扩增引物和探针, 及同时进行禽流感 Ή5、 Η7和 Η9亚型的分型检测方 法。 背景技术 禽流感 (Avian Influenza, AI ) 也叫欧洲鸡瘟或真性鸡瘟, 是由 A 型流感病毒引起的一种急性高度接触性传染病, 是国际公认的一种毁灭 性疾病, 其可以经猪或其它动物传播给人, 因此又具有十分重要的生态 学和公共卫生学意义, 尤其是高致病性禽流感被世界动物卫生组织列为 A类传染病。 ' FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to RT-PCR amplification primers and probes for highly pathogenic avian influenza H5, H7 and H9 subtype nucleotide fragments, and simultaneous typing assays for avian influenza Ή5, Η7 and Η9 subtypes . BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Avian Influenza (AI), also known as European chicken or true chicken, is an acute highly contagious disease caused by influenza A virus. It is an internationally recognized devastating disease that can pass pigs or Other animals are transmitted to humans and therefore have important ecological and public health implications, especially for highly pathogenic avian influenza, which is classified as a Class A infectious disease by the World Organisation for Animal Health. '
自 1878年? erronci to首次报道了禽流感在意大利的流行后, 在欧 洲、 美洲相继分离到了禽流感病毒, 从而开始了禽流感长期伴随人类的 历史。 目前发现禽流感病毒共有 16个血清型, 其中高致病性禽流感 :病毒 主要包括 H5、 H7和 H9亚型, 潜伏期短、 高死亡率和猝死是其主要特征, 在短时间内可导致感染鸡群全军覆没, 其发病率和死亡率可达 100%, 造 成严重的经济损失。 目前, 禽流感病毒已广泛分布于世界各地, 而且每 次暴发都给世界养禽业造成巨大的经济损失。 1993年美国宾夕法尼亚州 暴发禽流感, 投资 6000万美元用于捕杀 1700万只鸡; 1995年由于禽流 感的原因, 墨西哥淘汰 1800万只鸡, 封锁 3200万只鸡, 对 1. 3亿只鸡 进行了紧急疫苗接种, 造成 10亿美元直接经济损失 ·, 1997年香港特区 政府曾斥资 1亿港币捕杀 150万只 ¾, 2001年再度斥资 8000万港币捕 杀 120万只鸡。可见禽流感严重制约影响着我国乃至世界养禽业的发展, 对养禽业造成了极大的打击, 已经成为各国进出口检验检疫和疾病监控 的重点对象。 Since 1878? After erronci to first reported the avian flu epidemic in Italy, the bird flu virus was isolated in Europe and the Americas, and the avian flu history has long been associated with humans. Avian influenza virus has been found to have 16 serotypes, among which highly pathogenic avian influenza : viruses mainly include H5, H7 and H9 subtypes. Short latency, high mortality and sudden death are the main features, which can lead to infection in a short time. The flocks are completely annihilated, and their morbidity and mortality can reach 100%, causing serious economic losses. At present, the avian flu virus has been widely distributed around the world, and each outbreak has caused huge economic losses to the world poultry industry. In 1993, avian flu broke out in Pennsylvania, investing 60 million US dollars to kill 17 million chickens. In 1995, due to bird flu, Mexico eliminated 18 million chickens, blocked 32 million chickens, and 130 million chickens. Emergency vaccination, causing direct economic losses of 1 billion US dollars. In 1997, the Hong Kong SAR government spent 100 million Hong Kong dollars to kill 1.5 million 3⁄4. In 2001, it again spent 80 million Hong Kong dollars to kill 1.2 million chickens. It can be seen that the severe restriction of bird flu affects the development of poultry industry in China and the world, and has caused great blows to the poultry industry. It has become a key target for import and export inspection and quarantine and disease surveillance in various countries.
近些年发现, 禽流感不仅严重危害禽类, 而且也危害哺乳动物, 尤 其是可以感染人并致人死亡。 禽流感病毒属于 RNA病毒, 和所有的 RNA 病毒一样, 由于 RNA聚合酶缺乏校正功能, 基因组转录时有较高的错误 率, 而且其基因组是分节段的, 极易发生重排, 因而禽流感病毒具有高 In recent years, it has been found that avian flu not only seriously harms birds, but also harms mammals, especially those that can infect people and cause death. The avian influenza virus belongs to the RNA virus. Like all RNA viruses, due to the lack of corrective function of RNA polymerase, the genome has a high error rate when it is transcribed, and its genome is segmented, which is prone to rearrangement. Virus has high
替换页(细则第 26条)
度的变异性。 其基因组中编码糖蛋白 HA和 NA的基因片段及编码非结构 蛋白 NS 1和 NS2的基因片段, 在不同的流感毒株之间存在较大差异, 而 其它基因在禽流感病毒基因组中相对保守。 研究发现, 禽流感病毒的致 病力主要取决于宿主与病毒之间的相互作用关系, 而病毒的不同基因片 段在决定病毒致病性方面也有不同的作用, 其中起主要作用的是编码 HA 蛋白的基因。 通过对大量禽流感病毒 HA 核苷酸序列和氨基酸序列的分 析、 比较, 发现 HA裂解位点的氨基酸序列决定禽流感病毒的毒力, 高致 病性禽流感的 HA裂解位点有 6个连续的碱性氨基酸,而低致病性禽流感 有 2个碱性氨基酸。 Replacement page (Article 26) Degree of variability. The gene fragments encoding the glycoproteins HA and NA in the genome and the gene fragments encoding the non-structural proteins NS 1 and NS2 have large differences among different influenza strains, while other genes are relatively conserved in the avian influenza virus genome. The study found that the virulence of avian influenza virus depends mainly on the interaction between host and virus, and different gene fragments of virus also play different roles in determining the pathogenicity of virus. The main function is to encode HA protein. Gene. By analyzing and comparing the nucleotide sequence and amino acid sequence of a large number of avian influenza viruses, it was found that the amino acid sequence of the HA cleavage site determines the virulence of avian influenza virus. The HA cleavage site of highly pathogenic avian influenza has 6 consecutive sites. Basic amino acids, while low pathogenic avian influenza has 2 basic amino acids.
尽管人们对禽流感进行了广泛深入的研究, 并建立了一些诊断检测 方法, 但是目前还没有可同时检测禽流感 H5、 H7和 H9亚犁的方法, 而 实时荧光 PCR技术是具有巨大发展潜力的高新检测技术, 在许多领域已 得到了广泛应用, 因此可以利用其解决禽流感病毒多血清型和高变异性 给临床检测造成的难题。实时荧光定量 PCR技术是于 1996年被首次推出 的, 该技术不仅实现了 PCR方法从定性到定量的飞跃, 而且与常规 PCR 相比, 它具有特异性更强、 检测周期更短、 有效解决 PCR污染问题、 自 动化程度高等特点, 目前已得到广泛应用。 Despite extensive and in-depth research on avian influenza and the establishment of diagnostic methods, there is currently no method for simultaneous detection of avian influenza H5, H7 and H9 sub-ploughs, and real-time fluorescent PCR technology has great potential for development. High-tech detection technology has been widely used in many fields, so it can be used to solve the problems caused by multi-serotype and high variability of avian influenza virus. Real-time PCR technology was first introduced in 1996. This technology not only achieves a qualitative and quantitative leap in PCR, but also has a more specificity, shorter detection cycle, and efficient PCR than conventional PCR. The characteristics of pollution and high degree of automation have been widely used.
常规反转录聚合酶链式反应 ( Reverse Transcript ion Polymerase Chain Reaction , RT-PCR ) 是先将 RNA反转录成 cDNA, 然后利用 DNA聚 合酶在体外快速扩增目的 DNA片断的技术。 荧光实时 RT- PCR是在普通 RT-PCR的基础上, 在扩增反应体系中加入一对引物的同时再加入一个特 异性的荧光探针, 该探针为两端分别标记荧光报告基团和荧光淬灭基团 的寡核苷酸。 在探针完整时, 报告基团发射的荧光信号被淬灭基团所吸 收, 从而检测不到该探针荧光基团所发出的荧光信号, 而在 PCR扩增时, Taq酶的 5 '端外切酶活性将特异结合在目的扩增片段上的荧光探针酶切 降解, 使荧光报告基团游离于反应体系中, 脱离了荧光淬灭基团的屏蔽 作用, 此时可以检测到荧光报告基团的荧光信号, 荧光信号量的变化与 扩增产物量成正比。 Conventional reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is a technique in which RNA is reverse transcribed into cDNA and then the DNA fragment is rapidly amplified in vitro using DNA polymerase. Fluorescence real-time RT-PCR is based on common RT-PCR. A pair of primers is added to the amplification reaction system, and a specific fluorescent probe is added. The probe is labeled with a fluorescent reporter group at both ends. A fluorescent quenching group of oligonucleotides. When the probe is intact, the fluorescent signal emitted by the reporter group is absorbed by the quenching group, so that the fluorescent signal emitted by the fluorescent group of the probe is not detected, and at the 5' end of the Taq enzyme during PCR amplification. Exonuclease activity cleaves the fluorescent probe that specifically binds to the amplified fragment of interest, so that the fluorescent reporter group is released from the reaction system, and the shielding effect of the fluorescence quenching group is removed. At this time, the fluorescence report can be detected. The fluorescence signal of the group, the amount of fluorescence signal is proportional to the amount of amplification product.
多重实时荧光 PCR是在同一反应体系中加入多对引物和探针, 同时 检测多个目的片断的方法, 在类症疾病的鉴别和 '多血清型病原的分型检 测中具有重要意义。 与普通 PCR方法相比, 具有以下优点: a. 使用了荧 光标记探针, 进一步提高了检测的特异性和准确性; b. 通过自动化检测 荧光信号的变化, 使检测具有更高的灵敏度; c. 进行全封闭检测反应, 不用对 PCR产物进行后期处理, 避免了污染; d. 可以实时监测结果, 提 Multiple real-time fluorescent PCR is a method of adding multiple pairs of primers and probes in the same reaction system and simultaneously detecting multiple target fragments, which is of great significance in the identification of disease-like diseases and the typing of 'multi-serotype pathogens. Compared with the common PCR method, it has the following advantages: a . The fluorescent labeling probe is used to further improve the specificity and accuracy of the detection; b. The detection is more sensitive by automatically detecting the change of the fluorescent signal; Perform a fully enclosed detection reaction without post-processing the PCR product to avoid contamination; d. Monitor the results in real time,
替换页(细则第 26条)
高了检测速度和效率; e. 可以实现一管多检, 达到省时省力的目的。 由于禽流感病毒具有多个亚型且变异快,疫情的发生情况又较复杂, 所以迫切需要建立一种特异敏感、 准确可靠、 快速简便的高致病性禽流 感 "一步法" 分型检测方法, 用于快速检测国内外主要流行的高致病性 禽流感病毒亚型, 从而满足进出口检验检疫和疫病监控的需要。 Replacement page (Article 26) High detection speed and efficiency; e. Can achieve one tube and multiple inspections, saving time and effort. Because the avian influenza virus has multiple subtypes and the mutation is fast, and the occurrence of the epidemic is complicated, it is urgent to establish a "one-step" typing method for highly pathogenic avian influenza that is sensitive, accurate, reliable, fast and simple. It is used to quickly detect the highly prevalent avian influenza virus subtypes at home and abroad, so as to meet the needs of import and export inspection and quarantine and disease surveillance.
发明内容 Summary of the invention
•本发明的目的是提供用于禽流感 H5、 H7 和 H9 亚型多重实时荧光 RT-PCR检测的引物、 探针序列和方法。 • The object of the present invention is to provide primers, probe sequences and methods for multiple real-time fluorescent RT-PCR detection of avian influenza H5, H7 and H9 subtypes.
本发明的目的可通过以下技术方案实现: 通过分析所有已报道的禽 流感 H5、 H7和 H9亚型基因组序列, 分别设计引物和荧光探针。 在常 规 RT-PCR检测技术的基础上, 添加一条标记了两个荧光基团的核苷酸 探针, 荧光报告基团(R)标记在探针的 5 ' 端, 荧光淬灭基团(Q)标记在探 针的 3 ' 端, 两者构成能量转移结构, 即荧光报告基团所发射的荧光可 被荧光淬灭基团吸收, 当二者距离变远时, 抑制作用减弱, 报告基团荧 光信号增强。 在扩增反应过程中, 探针同模板上目的扩增片段杂交, 由 于 Taq酶具有 5 '端到 3 ' 端的外切酶活性, 在扩增延伸阶段将探针切断, 荧光淬灭基团 (Q)的抑制作用消失, 报告基团荧光信号增强, 从而进行禽 流感 H5、 H7和 H9亚型的检测。 时荧光 RT-PCR检测反应原理见图 1。 引物和探针设计: 通过分别对所有已经报道的禽流感病毒 H5、 H7和 H9 亚型基因组序列进行比较分析, 选择无二级结构且高度保守的核苷酸区 段设计多对引物和探针, 引物长度一般为 20个碱基左右, 引物间和引物 内无互补序列, 而且应分别特异性地针对禽流感病毒 H5、 H7和 H9亚 型, 相互间不存在交叉反应, 可以在一个反应管中同时用于区分 H5、 H7和 H9亚型。 The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: Primers and fluorescent probes are designed separately by analyzing all reported avian influenza H5, H7 and H9 subtype genomic sequences. Based on the conventional RT-PCR detection technique, a nucleotide probe labeled with two fluorophores is added, and the fluorescent reporter group (R) is labeled at the 5' end of the probe, and the fluorescence quenching group (Q) Marked at the 3' end of the probe, the two constitute an energy transfer structure, that is, the fluorescence emitted by the fluorescent reporter group can be absorbed by the fluorescence quenching group, and when the distance is far, the inhibition is weakened, and the reporter group is weakened. The fluorescence signal is enhanced. During the amplification reaction, the probe hybridizes to the amplified fragment of interest on the template. Since the Taq enzyme has the exonuclease activity at the 5' end to the 3' end, the probe is cleaved during the amplification extension phase, and the fluorescence quenching group is The inhibition of Q) disappeared, and the fluorescent signal of the reporter group was enhanced to detect the H5, H7 and H9 subtypes of avian influenza. The principle of fluorescence RT-PCR detection is shown in Figure 1. Primer and probe design: Multiple pairs of primers and probes were designed by comparing the genomic sequences of all reported avian influenza virus H5, H7 and H9 subtypes, respectively, and selecting non-secondary structure and highly conserved nucleotide segments. The primers are generally about 20 bases in length, and there are no complementary sequences between the primers and the primers, and they should specifically target the avian influenza virus H5, H7 and H9 subtypes, and there is no cross reaction between them, which can be in one reaction tube. It is also used to distinguish between H5, H7 and H9 subtypes.
用于检测禽流感 H5亚型的核苷酸扩增用引物序列和探针序列包括: 由上游引物 Η5ρΠ 673序列为 GACCAGCTACCATGATTGCCA及互补序列为 CTGGTCGATGGTACTAACGGT , 下游引物 H5pr l 600序列为 GGAGTCAAATTTGGA ATCAATGG及互补序列为 CCTCAGTTTAA ACCTTAGTTACC组成的引物对, 以及 该引物对的上游引物位置向 5 ' 端方向延伸 10个碱基, 下游引物位置向 3 ' 端方向延伸 10个碱基、 向 5 ' 端方向延伸 10个碱基区域范围内得到 的引物序列及互补序列; 探针 H5pb l 655序列为 TGCTAGGGAACTCGCCA , 互 补序列为 ACGATCCCTTGAGCGGT以及 ¾探针向 3 ' 端方向延伸 10个碱基和 向 5 ' 端方向延伸 10个碱基区域范围内得到的探针序列及互补序列。 The primer sequences and probe sequences for nucleotide amplification for detecting the avian influenza H5 subtype include: the upstream primer Η5ρΠ 673 sequence is GACCAGCTACCATGATTGCCA and the complementary sequence is CTGGTCGATGGTACTAACGGT, and the downstream primer H5pr l 600 sequence is GGAGTCAAATTTGGA ATCAATGG and the complementary sequence is The primer pair consisting of CCTCAGTTTAA ACCTTAGTTACC and the upstream primer position of the primer pair extend 10 bases toward the 5' end, and the downstream primer position extends 10 bases toward the 3' end and 10 bases toward the 5' end. The primer sequence and the complementary sequence obtained in the region range; the probe H5pb l 655 sequence is TGCTAGGGAACTCGCCA, the complementary sequence is ACGATCCCTTGAGCGGT, and the 3⁄4 probe extends 10 bases toward the 3' end and 10 base regions toward the 5' end. Probe sequences and complementary sequences obtained in the range.
用于检测禽流感 H7亚型的核苷酸扩增用引物序列和探针序列包括- Primer sequences and probe sequences for nucleotide amplification for detecting avian influenza H7 subtype include -
替换页(细则第 26条)
1.由上游引物 H7pfl292序列为 CGTGTCCAATTAATGACATTTCC 及互补序列 为 GCACAGGTTAATTACTGTAAAGG, 下游引物 H7prl202序列为 ATCACAGGCAA ATTGAATCGT及互补序列为 TAGTGTCCGTTTAACTTAGCA组成的引物对, 以及 该引物对的上游引物位置向 5' 端方向延伸 10个碱基, 下游引物位置向 3' 端方向延伸 10个碱基、 向 5'_端方向延伸 10个碱基区域范围内得到 的引物序列及互补序列; 探针 H7pbl247序列为 TTTGAGCTGATAGACAATGA 及互补序列为 AAACTCGACTATCTGTTACT, 以及该探针向 3' 端方向延伸 10 个碱基和向 5' 端方向延伸 10个碱基区域范围内得到的探针序列及互补 序列。 Replacement page (Article 26) 1. The primer pair consisting of the upstream primer H7pfl292 sequence is CGTGTCCAATTAATGACATTTCC and the complementary sequence is GCACAGGTTAATTACTGTAAAGG, the downstream primer H7prl202 sequence is ATCACAGGCAA ATTGAATCGT and the complementary sequence is TAGTGTCCGTTTAACTTAGCA, and the upstream primer position of the primer pair extends 10 bases toward the 5' end. a primer sequence and a complementary sequence extending 10 bases in the 3' direction and 10 bases in the 5' _ end direction; the probe H7pbl247 sequence is TTTGAGCTGATAGACAATGA and the complementary sequence is AAACTCGACTATCTGTTACT, and The probe extends 10 bases in the 3' end direction and a probe sequence and a complementary sequence extending in the range of 10 bases in the 5' end direction.
2.由上游引物 Η7ρΠ664序列为 GCCATTGCAATGGGCCT及互补序列为 CGPTA ACGTTACCCGGA, 下游引物 H7prl736序列为 AGTAGAAAC'AAGGGTGTTTTTTCCA 及互补序列为 TCATCTTTGTTCCC ACAAAAAAGGT组成的引物对, 以及该引物 对的上游引物位置向 5' 端方向延伸 10个碱基, 下游引物位置向 3' 端 方向延伸 10个碱基、 向 5' 端方向延伸 10个碱基区域范围内得到的引 物序列及互补序列; 探针 H7pbl712序列为 CGGTGCACTATTTGTATA及互补 序列为 GCCACGTGATAAACATAT, 以及该探针向 3'端方向延伸 10个碱基和 向 5' 端方向延伸 10个碱基区域范围内得到的探针序列及互补序列。 用 于检测禽流感 H9亚型的核苷酸扩增用引物序列和探针序列包括:由上游 引物 H9pfl51序列为 CCTGTGACACATGCCAAAGA及互补序列为 GGACACTGTGT ACGGTTTCT,下游引物 H9pr302序列为 CTTTCGACRATGTAGGACCATTC及互补 序列为 GAAAGCTGYTACATCCTGGTAAG组成的引物对, 以及该引物对的上游 引物位置向 5' 端方向延伸 10个碱基, 下游引物位置向 3' 端方向延伸 10个碱基、 向 5'端方向延伸 10个碱基区域范围内得到的引物序列及互 补序列; 探针 H9pbl75序列为 CTCCACACAGAGCACAAT及互补序列为 GAGGT GTGTCTCGTGTTA, 该探针向 3' 端方向延伸 10个碱基和向 5' 端方向延伸 10个碱基区域范围内得到的探针序列及互补序列。 2. The primer pair consisting of the upstream primer Π7ρΠ664 sequence is GCCATTGCAATGGGCCT and the complementary sequence is CGPTA ACGTTACCCGGA, the downstream primer H7prl736 sequence is AGTAGAAAC 'AAGGGTGTTTTTTCCA and the complementary sequence is TCATCTTTGTTCCC ACAAAAAAGGT, and the upstream primer position of the primer pair extends toward the 5' end. The primer sequence and the complementary sequence obtained by extending the base primer position by 10 bases in the 3' end direction and extending 10 bases in the 5' end direction; the probe H7pbl712 sequence is CGGTGCACTATTTGTATA and the complementary sequence is GCCACGTGATAAACATAT And a probe sequence and a complementary sequence in which the probe extends 10 bases in the 3' end direction and 10 bases in the 5' end direction. Primer sequences and probe sequences for nucleotide amplification for detecting avian influenza H9 subtype include: CCTGTGACACATGCCAAAGA from the upstream primer H9pfl51 sequence and GGACACTGTGT ACGGTTTCT as the complementary sequence, CTTTCGACRATGTAGGACCATTC for the downstream primer H9pr302 sequence and GAAAGCTGYTACATCCTGGTAAG for the complementary sequence The primer pair and the upstream primer position of the primer pair extend 10 bases in the 5' end direction, and the downstream primer position extends 10 bases in the 3' end direction and 10 bases in the 5' end direction. The primer sequence and the complementary sequence; the probe H9pbl75 sequence is CTCCACACAGAGCACAAT and the complementary sequence is GAGGT GTGTCTCGTGTTA, and the probe is extended to 10 bases in the 3' end direction and 10 bases in the 5' end direction. Needle sequence and complementary sequence.
将上述引物、 探针序列优化组合后, 建立同时检测禽流感 H5、 H7 和 H9亚型的多重实时荧光 RT-PCR检测方法,并制成用于同时检测禽流 感 H5、 H7和 H9亚型的多重实时荧光 RT-PCR检测试剂盒。 After optimal combination of the above primers and probe sequences, a multiplex real-time fluorescent RT-PCR assay for simultaneous detection of avian influenza H5, H7 and H9 subtypes was established and made for simultaneous detection of avian influenza H5, H7 and H9 subtypes. Multiple real-time fluorescent RT-PCR assay kit.
禽流感 H5、H7和 H9亚型多重实时荧光 RT-PCR.检测的方法釆用以下 Avian influenza H5, H7 and H9 subtypes multiplex real-time fluorescence RT-PCR. Detection method using the following
7 ¾: 7 3⁄4:
(1) 选取权利要求 1-9中所述的引物和探针; (1) selecting primers and probes as set forth in claims 1-9;
(2) 制备待测模板, 提取各种来源样品中禽流感病毒的基因组 RNA: (2) Prepare the template to be tested and extract the genomic RNA of avian influenza virus from various sources:
(3)反应体系的建立, a、确定最佳引物浓度; b、确定镁离子浓度; c、 (3) establishment of the reaction system, a, determine the optimal primer concentration; b, determine the magnesium ion concentration; c,
替换页(细则第 26条)
确定反转录酶 (AMV RnaseXL ) 用量; d、 确定 Taq DNA聚合酶(Taq酶) 用量; e、 确定 dNTPs浓度; f、 确定最佳探针浓度; Replacement page (Article 26) Determine the amount of reverse transcriptase (AMV RnaseXL); d, determine the amount of Taq DNA polymerase (Taq enzyme); e, determine the concentration of dNTPs; f, determine the optimal probe concentration;
( 4 ) 选择仪器的检测通道; (4) selecting the detection channel of the instrument;
( 5 ) 上机检测。 ' (5) On-machine detection. '
禽流感 H5、H7和 H9亚型多重实时荧光 RT- PCR检测方法中待测模板 的制备可采用方法 QIAamp Viral RNA Mini kit或 Trizol核酸抽提试剂 的提取方法提取各种来源样品中禽流感病毒的基因组 RNA。 Preparation of a template for detection of avian influenza H5, H7 and H9 subtypes in a real-time fluorescent RT-PCR assay using the method QIAamp Viral RNA Mini kit or Trizol nucleic acid extraction reagent extraction method for avian influenza virus from various sources Genomic RNA.
本发明的显著特点是: 充分运用 PCR技术的高效扩增性、 核酸杂交 的良好特异性和荧光检测技术的快速敏感性, 对一个样品进行一次检测 操作即可完成高致病性禽流感 H5和 H7和 H9亚型的检测, 并可以确定 血清型, 具有结果可靠和准确灵敏、 操作简单、 省时省力、 降低检测成 本、 提高检测效率等优点。 附图说明 图 1 Taqman探针的实时荧光 RT-PCR检测原理图。 The salient features of the present invention are: Fully utilizing the high-efficiency amplification of PCR technology, the good specificity of nucleic acid hybridization, and the rapid sensitivity of fluorescence detection technology, a high-pathogenic avian influenza H5 and a single detection operation can be performed on one sample. The detection of H7 and H9 subtypes can determine the serotype, and has the advantages of reliable and accurate results, simple operation, time and labor saving, reduced detection cost and improved detection efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1. Schematic diagram of real-time fluorescence RT-PCR detection of Taqman probe.
图 2 禽流感 H5、 H7和 H9亚型三重实时荧光 RT-PCR检测曲线图 图 3 禽流感 H5和 H9亚型二重实时荧光 RT- PCR检测曲线图。 Figure 2 Avian influenza H5, H7 and H9 subtypes of triple real-time fluorescence RT-PCR detection curve Figure 3 Avian influenza H5 and H9 subtype double real-time fluorescence RT-PCR detection curve.
图 4 禽流感 H7和 H9亚型二重实时荧光 RT-PCR检测曲线图。 Figure 4 Avian influenza H7 and H9 subtypes of double real-time fluorescence RT-PCR detection curve.
图 5 禽流感 H5和 H7亚型二重实时荧光 RT-PCR检测曲线图。 ' 具体实施方式 反应体系的建立和优化: 利用灭活的禽流感病毒 H5、 H7和 H9亚型毒 株作为待检样品,利用 QIAamp Viral RNA Mini kit提取病毒基因组 RNA, 分别分装后储存于一 20Ό备用。 Figure 5 Avian influenza H5 and H7 subtypes of double real-time fluorescence RT-PCR detection curve. The specific method of establishment and optimization of the reaction system: using the inactivated avian influenza virus H5, H7 and H9 subtype strains as samples to be tested, using the QIAamp Viral RNA Mini kit to extract viral genomic RNA, separately stored and stored in a 20 Ό spare.
禽流感 H5、H7和 H9亚型多重实时荧光 RT-PCR反应体系的建立和优化:Establishment and optimization of multiple real-time fluorescence RT-PCR reaction systems for avian influenza H5, H7 and H9 subtypes:
(1) 引物浓度的优化 在反应体系中其它条件相同的情况下, 将禽流感 H5、 H7和 H9的引物浓度分别从 Ο. ΐμπιοΐ/L至 1.6 mol/L作倍比连续稀 释, 互相组合后进行检测, 通过试验结果的分析比较, 确定最佳引物终 浓度为 0.4 inoI/L。 (1) Optimization of primer concentration In the case of other conditions in the reaction system, the primer concentrations of avian influenza H5, H7 and H9 were serially diluted from Ο. ΐμπιοΐ/L to 1.6 mol/L, and combined with each other. The test was carried out, and the final concentration of the optimal primer was determined to be 0.4 inoI/L by analysis and comparison of the test results.
(2) 镁离子浓度的优化 在反应体系中其它条件相同的情况下,将 MgCl2 的浓度从 1 mmol/L至 10 mmol/L以 1 mmol/L递增, 经过多次重复实验 选定 5 mmol/L为试剂盒反应体系中的镁离子浓度。 (2) Optimization of magnesium ion concentration The concentration of MgCl 2 is increased from 1 mmol/L to 10 mmol/L in 1 mmol/L under the same conditions in the reaction system, and 5 mmol is selected after repeated experiments. /L is the magnesium ion concentration in the kit reaction system.
(3) 反转录酶 (AMV RnaseXL) 用量的优化 经过使用不同浓度 AMV RNaseXL 的试验结果比较, 选定 5U 作为试剂盒反应体系中 AMV (3) Optimization of the amount of reverse transcriptase (AMV RnaseXL) After comparing the results of experiments using different concentrations of AMV RNaseXL, 5U was selected as the AMV in the kit reaction system.
替换页(细则第 26条)
RnaseXL的用量。 Replacement page (Article 26) The amount of RnaseXL.
(4) Taq DNA聚合酶 (Taq酶)用量的优化 通过比较 Taq酶用量(以单位 Unit计)的优化实验结果,选定 5U作为试剂盒反应体系中 Taq酶的用量。 (4) Optimization of the amount of Taq DNA polymerase (Taq enzyme) By comparing the optimization results of the amount of Taq enzyme (in units of Unit), 5U was selected as the amount of Taq enzyme in the kit reaction system.
(5) dNTPs浓度的优化 通过使用不同浓度的 dNTPs进行检测, 综合评 估后选 1 mmol/L作为试剂盒反应体系中 dNTPs的使用量。) (5) Optimization of dNTPs concentration By using different concentrations of dNTPs for detection, 1 mmol/L was selected as the use amount of dNTPs in the kit reaction system after comprehensive evaluation. )
(6) 探针浓度的优化 在反应体系中其它条件相同的情况下, 将禽流感 H5、 H7和 H9亚型的探针浓度分别从 Ο. ι μ mol/L至 0.5 μ mol/'L作倍比 连续稀释后进行检测, 通过试验结果的分析比较, 确定最佳探针终浓度 为 0.2 μ mol/L。 (6) Optimization of probe concentration The probe concentrations of avian influenza H5, H7 and H9 subtypes were from Ο. ι μ mol/L to 0.5 μmol/'L, respectively, under the same conditions in the reaction system. The ratio was measured after serial dilution, and the final concentration of the optimal probe was determined to be 0.2 μmol/L by analysis and comparison of the test results.
利用上述引物和探针进行反应体系的建立, 最后确定采用的禽流感 H5、 H7和 H9实时荧光 RT-PCR反应体系为 50μ1体系, 所需各组分及相应浓 度见表 1。 The above primers and probes were used to establish the reaction system, and finally the avian influenza H5, H7 and H9 real-time fluorescent RT-PCR reaction systems were determined to be 50 μl. The required components and corresponding concentrations are shown in Table 1.
表 1 禽流感 Η5、 Η7和 Η9亚型三重实时荧光 RT-PCR反应中的各组分 青况 Table 1 Avian influenza Η5, Η7 and Η9 subtypes of triple real-time fluorescence RT-PCR reaction of various components
注: 1. 在多重实时荧光 RT-PCR反应体积不同时, 各试剂应按比 例调整。 Note: 1. When the volume of the multiplex real-time fluorescence RT-PCR reaction is different, each reagent should be adjusted according to the ratio.
2. 使用的仪器不同, 应将反应参数作适当调整。 2. The instrument used should be adjusted as appropriate.
3. 根据检测样本来源不同, 应适当调整模板加量。 仪器检测通道的选择: 3. Depending on the source of the test sample, the template addition should be adjusted appropriately. Instrument detection channel selection:
• 在进行禽流感 H5、 H7和 H9亚型三重实时荧光 RT-PCR反应时, 应 对所用仪器中反应管荧光信号的收集进行设置, 选择的荧光检测通道与 探针所标记的荧光报告基团一致。 具体设置方法因仪器而异, 应参照仪 器使用说明书。 • When performing a three-dimensional real-time fluorescent RT-PCR reaction of avian influenza H5, H7 and H9 subtypes, the collection of the fluorescent signal of the reaction tube in the instrument should be set. The selected fluorescent detection channel is identical to the fluorescent reporter group labeled by the probe. . The specific setting method varies depending on the instrument. Refer to the instrument manual.
替换页(细则第 26条)
实施例 1 Replacement page (Article 26) Example 1
( 1 ) 待测模板的制备 (1) Preparation of the template to be tested
方法一 利用 QI Aamp Viral RNA Mini kit提取各种来源样品中禽流感病 毒的基因组 RNA, 具体操作步骤如下: Method 1 Use QI Aamp Viral RNA Mini kit to extract genomic RNA of avian influenza virus from various sources. The specific steps are as follows:
a. 取 560 μ 1含载体 RNA的 AVL缓冲液至 1.5 ml的微量离心管中; b , 加入 140 μ 1血浆、 血清、 尿样、 细胞培养上清液或拭子的 PBS清洗 液, 旋祸振荡 15 sec; - c 于室温(15-25 Ό )下孵育 10 min; a. Take 560 μl of AVL buffer containing carrier RNA into a 1.5 ml microcentrifuge tube; b. Add 140 μl of plasma, serum, urine sample, cell culture supernatant or swab to PBS wash solution. Oscillating for 15 sec; - c incubation at room temperature (15-25 Ό) for 10 min;
d. 瞬时离心以便将盖上的液体离心至离心管内; d. instantaneous centrifugation to centrifuge the liquid in the cap to the centrifuge tube;
e. 再加入 560 μ 1无水乙醇, 旋涡振荡 15 sec , 瞬时离心, 将盖上的液 体离心至离心管内; · e. Add 560 μl absolute ethanol, vortex for 15 sec, centrifuge instantaneously, and centrifuge the liquid in the centrifuge tube to the centrifuge tube;
f. 小心吸取 630 μ 1上述液体至 QIAamp 离心柱内(置于 2 ml的收集管 内), 不要弄湿管口边缘, 8000rpm离心 1 min。 弃去含有液体的收集管, 将 QIAamp 离心柱放置于另一 2 ml的收集管中; f. Carefully pipet 630 μl of the above liquid into the QIAamp spin column (placed in a 2 ml collection tube). Do not wet the edge of the tube and centrifuge at 8000 rpm for 1 min. Discard the collection tube containing the liquid and place the QIAamp spin column in another 2 ml collection tube;
g. 小心打开 QIAamp 离心柱盖, 重复步骤 f; g. Carefully open the QIAamp spin column cover and repeat step f;
h. 小心打开 QIAamp 离心柱盖, 加入 500 μ 1的 AW1缓冲液, 80,00rpm 离心 l min。 将 QIAamp 离心柱放置于另一个干净的 2 ml的收集管上, 弃掉含有液体的收集管; h. Carefully open the QIAamp spin column cover, add 500 μl of AW1 buffer, and centrifuge at 80,00 rpm for 1 min. Place the QIAamp spin column on another clean 2 ml collection tube and discard the collection tube containing the liquid;
i. 小心打开 QIAamp 离心柱盖, 加入 500 μ 1的 AW2缓冲液, 1400.0rpm 离心 3min。将 QIAamp 离心柱放置于另一个干净的 2ml的收集管上, 弃 掉含有液体的收集管, 再次 MOOOrpm离心 Imin; i. Carefully open the QIAamp spin column cover, add 500 μl of AW2 buffer, and centrifuge at 1400.0 rpm for 3 min. Place the QIAamp spin column on another clean 2ml collection tube, discard the collection tube containing the liquid, and centrifuge again for 1 min at MOOOrpm;
j . 将 QIAamp 离心柱放置于一个干净的 1.5 ml的离心管中, 小心打开 柱盖,加入 60 μ 1 AVE洗脱缓冲液,室温孵育 Imin后, 8000rpm离心 Imin 即获得病毒 RNA, 一 20°C储存备用。 ' j. Place the QIAamp spin column in a clean 1.5 ml centrifuge tube, carefully open the lid, add 60 μl AVE elution buffer, incubate for 1 min at room temperature, centrifuge at 8000 rpm for 1 min to obtain viral RNA, 20 °C Store for backup. '
方法二 用 Trizol核酸抽提试剂的提取方法 Method 2 Extraction method using Trizol nucleic acid extraction reagent
a. 收获禽流感病毒致死鸡胚的尿囊液, 12000 rpm离心去除大分子杂质。 将 100 μ 1 上清液加入 1.5 ml 的离心管中, 再向其中加入 300 μ ΐ 的 TrizoL组织抽提液, 于振荡器上充分振荡。 然后 13000 rpm离心 15min, 将上清移至 1.5 ml的离心管中; a. Harvest the allantoic fluid of the avian influenza virus-killed chicken embryo and centrifuge at 12,000 rpm to remove macromolecular impurities. 100 μl of the supernatant was added to a 1.5 ml centrifuge tube, and 300 μM of TrizoL tissue extract was added thereto and shaken well on the shaker. Then centrifuge at 13,000 rpm for 15 min, and transfer the supernatant to a 1.5 ml centrifuge tube;
b. 向上清液中加 400 μ ΐ的预冷异丙醇, 在振荡器上充分振荡后; c 13000 rpm离心 l Omin以便获得 RNA沉淀; b. Add 400 μM of pre-cooled isopropanol to the supernatant and shake well on the shaker; c centrifuge at 13000 rpm for 1 min to obtain RNA precipitation;
d. 小心倒掉上清, 加入 600 μ 1 75%乙醇, 用手上下颠倒数次洗涤。 (注 意:不能剧烈振荡,防止 RNA的断裂和 RNA沉淀溶解后难以重新沉淀); e. 13000 rpm离心 l Omin, 缓慢吸弃上清,室温干燥约 25min, 待乙醇完全 d. Carefully pour off the supernatant, add 600 μl of 75% ethanol, and wash it by hand upside down several times. (Note: Do not violently shake, prevent RNA breakage and difficult to re-precipitate after RNA precipitation is dissolved); e. Centrifuge at 13000 rpm l Omin, slowly aspirate the supernatant, dry at room temperature for about 25 min, wait until the ethanol is completely
替换页(细则第 26条)
挥发后加 25-40μ1 Replacement page (Article 26) Add 25-40μ1 after volatilization
无 RNA酶的水溶解 (充分弹动混匀,'或用枪反复吹打), -20°C储存备用。Solubility without RNase (fully boil and mix, 'or repeatedly blow with a gun), store at -20 °C for later use.
( 2 ) 禽流感 H5、 H7和 H9亚型三重实时荧光 RT-PCR反应的扩增条件 根据表 1加样, 将加好样的 PCR管放在荧光 PCR仪中, 设置相应荧光 收集条件后进行扩增, 反应程序如下: (2) Amplification conditions of avian influenza H5, H7 and H9 subtypes of real-time fluorescent RT-PCR reactions were prepared according to Table 1. The PCR tubes were placed in a fluorescent PCR machine and the corresponding fluorescence collection conditions were set. Amplification, the reaction procedure is as follows:
50 °C 30min进行 RNA的反转录, 95 °C . 3min灭活反转录酶; Reverse transcription of RNA was carried out at 50 °C for 30 min, and the reverse transcriptase was inactivated at 95 ° C for 3 min;
95 °C 15sec变性, 5:> "C 30sec退火, 72 °C lmin延 ίψ, 如此重复 5个循 环进行预扩增; Denaturation at 95 °C for 15 sec, 5:> "C 30 sec annealing, 72 °C lmin extension, so repeat 5 cycles for preamplification;
95 °C l Osec变性, 60 °C 40sec退火、 延伸, 如此重复 40个循环进行目的 片段的扩增检测, 试验结果可以实时监测。 95 °C l Osec denaturation, 60 °C 40 sec annealing, extension, so repeated 40 cycles for the amplification of the target fragment, the test results can be monitored in real time.
( 3 ) 禽流感 H5、 H7和 H9亚型三重实时荧光 RT-PCR的检测结果: 在 50μ1反应体系中, 利用针对禽流 Η5、 Η7和 Η9亚型的特异性引物 和探针进行三重实时荧光 RT-PCk, ά测含有禽流感病毒 H5、 H7和 H9 亚型基因组 RNA的阳性样品, 结果可以得到特异性的荧光曲线 (图 2 )。 以上试验结果表明, 本发明 设计的引物和探针特异且工作性能良好, 并 建立了禽流感 H5、 H7和 H9亚型三重实时荧光 RT-PCR检测的方法。 (3) Detection results of triple real-time fluorescent RT-PCR of avian influenza H5, H7 and H9 subtypes: Triple real-time fluorescence using specific primers and probes for avian sputum 5, Η7 and Η9 subtypes in a 50μ1 reaction system RT-PCk, a positive sample containing genomic RNA containing the avian influenza virus H5, H7 and H9 subtypes, results in a specific fluorescence curve (Fig. 2). The above test results show that the primers and probes designed by the present invention are specific and work well, and a three-fold real-time fluorescent RT-PCR detection method for avian influenza H5, H7 and H9 subtypes is established.
实施例 2 Example 2
禽流感 H5和 H9亚型二重实时荧光 RT-PCR检测: Avian influenza H5 and H9 subtypes dual real-time fluorescence RT-PCR detection:
在 50μ1反应体系中, 利用针对禽流感 Η5和 Η9亚型的特异性引物和探 针进行二重实时荧光 RT-PCR, 检测含有禽流感病毒 H5和 H9亚型基因 組 RNA的阳性样品, 结果可以得到特异性的荧光曲线 (图 3 )。 In a 50μ1 reaction system, double-phase real-time fluorescent RT-PCR was performed using specific primers and probes for avian influenza Η5 and Η9 subtypes to detect positive samples containing genomic RNA of avian influenza virus H5 and H9 subtypes, and the results were obtained. Specific fluorescence curve (Figure 3).
实施例 3 Example 3
禽流感 H7和 H9亚型二重实时荧光 RT- PCR检测: Avian influenza H7 and H9 subtypes of double real-time fluorescence RT-PCR detection:
在 50μ1反应体系中, 利用针对 ^流感 Η7和 Η9亚型的特异性引物和探 针进行二重实时荧光 RT-PCR, 检测含有禽流感病毒 H7和 H9亚型基因 组 RNA的阳性样品, 结果可以得到特异性的荧光曲线 (图 4)。 In the 50μ1 reaction system, double-phase real-time fluorescent RT-PCR was performed using specific primers and probes for the influenza Η7 and Η9 subtypes to detect positive samples containing genomic RNA of avian influenza virus H7 and H9 subtypes. Specific fluorescence curve (Figure 4).
实施例 4 Example 4
禽流感 H5和 H7亚型二重实时荧光 RT- PCR检测- 在 50μ1反应体系中, 利用针对禽流感 Η5和 Η7亚型的特异性引物和探 针进行二重实时荧光 RT-PCR, 检测含有禽流感病毒 H5和 H7亚型基因 组 RNA的阳性样品, 结果可以得到特异性的荧光曲线 (图 5 )。 Avian influenza H5 and H7 subtypes by double real-time fluorescent RT-PCR detection - In a 50μ1 reaction system, double-click real-time fluorescent RT-PCR using specific primers and probes for avian influenza Η5 and Η7 subtypes A positive sample of influenza virus H5 and H7 subtype genomic RNA results in a specific fluorescence curve (Fig. 5).
实施例 5 Example 5
按常规方法制备合成相应引物和探针后,与实时荧光 RT-PCR所需试 剂及阳性对照核苷酸组装成禽流感 H5、 H7 和 H9 亚型三重实时荧光 After synthesizing the corresponding primers and probes according to the conventional method, the reagents and positive control nucleotides required for real-time fluorescent RT-PCR were assembled into avian influenza H5, H7 and H9 subtypes.
替换页(细则第 26条)
RT-PCR检测试剂盒。 Replacement page (Article 26) RT-PCR detection kit.
替换页(细则第 26条)
Replacement page (Article 26)