WO2005116361A1

WO2005116361A1 - Panel made of a wooden material with a surface coating

Info

Publication number: WO2005116361A1
Application number: PCT/EP2005/005812
Authority: WO
Inventors: Roger Braun; Pius Steinmann; Uwe Kottmann
Original assignee: Kronotec Ag
Priority date: 2004-05-28
Filing date: 2005-05-30
Publication date: 2005-12-08
Also published as: EP1756381A1; EP3281709A1; PL2269744T3; EP2269744B1; ES2407404T5; EA200602245A1; EP3281708A1; EP1756381B1; AU2005248066A1; PL1756381T3; CA2568440C; AU2005248066B2; ES2407404T3; EP1756381B2; ES2771455T3; CA2568440A1; EP2269744A3; EA014859B1; AU2005248066A2; EP2269744A2

Abstract

The invention relates to a panel made of a wooden material with a surface coating, comprising an undercoat which is applied to the wooden material and at least one lacquer coating and a functional component. The aim of the invention is to produce a panel made of a wooden material with a low-cost surface coating which can be applied easily and is optically appealing. The invention also relates to a method for coating wooden materials and to a device therefor.

Description

Panel made of wood-based material with surface coating.

Wood-based materials that are processed into panels are usually surface-coated. The surface coating first effects the actual serviceability of the panels, since they confer décor, water resistance, abrasion resistance, chemical resistance, and possibly resistance to algae, fungi and / or insects. The surface coating is usually carried out by a coating of the panel with a resin impregnated decorative paper.

Alternatives to the coating with decorative paper are described, for example in AT 351744, but these coatings have not prevailed in practice. AT 351744 describes the lacquering of a chipboard, wherein a first coating application is referred to as a primer. The primer is applied to both surfaces, top and bottom of the chipboard. A second paint job follows. The second lacquer layer is applied on one side only on the upper side of the chipboard. The paint application is at least 50 to 500 g / m ² . The method proposed here dispenses with decorative paper. The aim is to save expensive equipment such as presses. In fact, however, the synthetic resin predominantly proposed here for the coating layers is melamine, one of the most expensive coating components. The product proposed in AT 351 744 has not gained acceptance in practice, among other things for reasons of cost. Also, the application of the varnish has proven to be problematic since it has been considered necessary to apply thick varnish layers assuming that the appropriate thickness is required to achieve the desired resistance. However, the application and curing of thick layers of paint is technically complex and therefore expensive.

The application of optically satisfactory lacquer layers has hitherto required that abrasive layers be provided in the lacquer structure which, after the application and curing of a first lacquer layer, cover this first lacquer layer. The abrasive layers are each abraded largely or completely again to obtain a smooth surface for the next coat of paint. This multi-layer procedure with intermediate grinding is required to obtain visually appealing coatings.

The application of UV-curable coatings brings here remedy. An example of the use of UV-curable coatings is shown in US Pat. No. 4,439,480.

The use of decor paper is cost-intensive and has disadvantages, in particular the shrinkage of the decorative paper during curing is to be regarded as disadvantageous, since it is expensive to avoid the associated with the shrinkage faults of the panels.

Apart from the surface coating of a wood-based panel with which the simple usability is produced, surface finishes are increasingly in demand, the special requirements such as abrasion resistance, noise and impact sound insulation, complex coloring, special thermal conductivity or electrical conductivity or -Abieitfähigkeit and the like , The adaptation of the wood-based panels to such requirements is of particular importance for the full development of the market.

There is therefore a need for a panel of wood-based material with a surface coating, in particular a surface coating which includes at least one functional layer, wherein the surface coating is inexpensive and easy to apply. Furthermore, a method for coating wood-based materials and a device for this purpose should be proposed.

This object is achieved with a panel according to claim 1. The panel of wood material is coated according to a simple embodiment of the invention with a primer and, building on it, with at least one layer of lacquer. However, it has been found to achieve useful strength and wear properties sufficient to apply only very little paint. The coating of lacquer, the layer thickness, is less than 120 μm in total, preferably less than 80 μm, particularly preferably less than 60 μm, advantageously less than 45 μm, particularly advantageously less than The paint, which substantially determines the performance characteristics of the panel, is preferably applied in two or more layers. In this case, the abovementioned layer thickness of up to 120 μm is not exceeded in total. By this measure, the surface coating of the panel is significantly improved. When applying several thin layers z. B., unlike in the prior art, no unwanted structure imaged in the surface, when rolling the paint so no rolling structure. In addition, undesirable changes in the appearance of the paint layer are avoided, which can hardly be avoided when applying thick layers of paint. In addition, the application of several thin layers of lacquer improves the load-bearing capacity or the resistance of the lacquer layer as a whole, making the coating more durable. In the context of this invention, a thin lacquer layer is understood as meaning a lacquer layer of up to 20 μm, preferably of up to 15 μm, advantageously of up to 10 μm.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the at least two thin lacquer layers are applied when using UV-curing lacquers in such a way that in each case an already applied layer is annealed, and then already the next layer is applied. Apart from the rapid application of the thin lacquer layers can be dispensed with the application of an abrasive layer and the subsequent grinding of the individual lacquer layers before applying the next layer, because the individual layers thin and -ggf. by angelieren- sufficiently smoothly applied. The quality, in particular the smoothness of the thin lacquer layer also satisfies high optical and mechanical quality requirements.

The lacquer layer applied according to the invention in a thin layer can be cured or reacted, depending on the choice of lacquer, with ultraviolet light (UV light) or by electro-jet hardening ESD, the latter can also be used without the use of photoinitiators.

According to the invention, the surface coating has at least one functional one Component which is integrated in the at least one lacquer layer, or which may be applied as an outer layer or under the at least one lacquer layer or as arranged between at least two lacquer layers. It should be emphasized that at least one functional component combines well with the material of the paint layer. Is the at least one functional component as

Applied layer, the at least one functional layer combines well with the or the paint layers. UV-curing paints are surprisingly extremely tolerant to functional components. The hardening and building of a uniform surface coating is well possible according to the invention, despite different combinations of functional components or layers of lacquer and other substances. Just as one and the same functional components or layers may be integrated into the surface coating in one or more layers, the surface coating may also have two or more different functional components or layers. By way of example, mention may only be made of a layer for impact sound insulation and a layer for improving the fire resistance or two coloring layers and a layer of lacquer to which a functional component is added for adjusting the absorption of UV light.

The functional component is often incorporated in the at least one lacquer layer, in particular if it forms the outer layer of the surface coating. For example, the scratch resistance, the abrasion, the gloss but also properties such as an antibacterial effect or dissipative properties of the panel by selecting the appropriate UV or radiation-curing paint but also by selecting suitable functional components such. As nanosilver for the generation of an antibacterial effect or the addition of conductive substances to ensure given Abieitfähigkeit, but also the addition of corundum to adjust the abrasion determined.

A main area of use for panels is in addition to the use as ceiling or wall coverings or countertop and the use as a floor covering. The suitability as a floor covering depends essentially on whether the surface of the panel is sufficiently resistant to the abrasion caused by the walking of the floor or the wear of chair castors and other objects. In order to the usage parameters such as abrasion properties, chair roll strength, stain resistance and the like of panels are comparable, are defined in the EN 13329 classes of use for laminate, ie for wood-based panels, which are provided with a surface coating of decorative paper.

The use classes distinguish between the use of panels for residential purposes and for commercial purposes. The suitability as a countertop, z. As in laboratories or workshops, requires special wear resistance, which is evidenced by special tests, in particular by the EN 310, 319, 323, 324-1, 438 with requirements for abrasion, scratch resistance, susceptibility to cracking, light fastness, stain

Insensitivity and behavior to water vapor, pot bottoms and cigarette heat as well as prEN 717 and DIN 52612.

In the panels according to claim 1, in particular the floor panels, but also in countertops is dispensed with just in the context of the surface coating on the decorative paper. This is replaced by the extremely low paint application. Despite the low paint application, the panels according to claim 1 using the EN 13329 classes of use are assigned, which are in any case the demands on residential demand fair. The product according to claim 1 is tested and evaluated using the same testing method prescribed by DIN EN 13329 for laminate. So z. B. in panels provided with the thin lacquer layer according to the invention reaches the rating "use class 31" (commercial area) according to EN 13329, if corundum is embedded in the thin lacquer layer.This is to be regarded as an extraordinary economic advantage, since with minimal use of paint Likewise, with the surface coating according to the invention, the high requirements of the standards are achieved, which are specified, for example, for worktops.

According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, at least one functional layer, which however does not have to be on the surface of the coated panel, is made of an elastomer. In particular, ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) or other suitable polyolefin or plastic mixtures which contain EVA or at least one other polyolefin, but also polyurethanes, especially thermoplastic polyurethanes. hane (TPU) are suitable for this purpose. The elastic properties of these materials greatly improve the room acoustics as well as the sound insulating properties of the panel. In particular, the improved impact sound insulation through the use of EVA should be emphasized. In the case of floor panels, in particular in the case of elastomers which are applied with thicker layers (for example 5 mm and more), a dampening effect on the joints of persons who make these floor panels is also observed. Such with functional components or layers providing panels are particularly suitable for sports halls. The sound-absorbing properties are particularly effective, for example, in the case of wall or ceiling panels whose surface area is increased. The elastomer is applied in a layer thickness of 0.1 mm up to 10 mm. Even a single layer of an elastomer contributes significantly to the insulation of impact sound. However, it is also possible to arrange a plurality of layers, which are optionally separated by lacquer layers or other functional layers. The bond between primer, elastomer and lacquer layer is good. It also holds strong loads, eg. As the commercial use, stood.

Particularly advantageously, the application of various UV-curing lacquers can be used to apply different lacquers, in particular matt lacquers and gloss lacquers, in layers, these layers covering the surface of the panel in each case in sections. Matt varnish is applied in sections as a functional layer. In addition, a lacquer layer of gloss lacquer is applied. Already this simple two-layer surface coating allows optical effects. According to a preferred development of the invention, layers of matt lacquer and gloss lacquer are arranged in their layer sequence such that optically perceivable structures form. These structures are characterized by the fact that observers perceive supposedly three-dimensional patterns. These plastic-looking patterns from a succession of gloss varnish and matt varnish layers can be used for the design of fantasy decors, but also for the reproduction of natural decors. Here, in particular, the replica of pore structures to think.

An alternative to the production of optically perceivable structures can likewise be implemented according to the invention by introducing at least two functional layers. A first functional layer covering the surface of the panel. covered in sections, and repels a coloring coating, as well as at least one second layer, which consists of a coloring coating that covers the surface of the panel in sections. For example, a first functional layer with waxes or oils can be applied in sections, which prevents the uptake of color or of a coloring coating on the surface of the wood material. In this way, visually perceptible structures are generated.

The above-described embodiments of panels of wood-based material with visually perceptible structures by applying one or at least two functional layers preferably have surface coatings in which at least one functional layer is covered by at least one lacquer layer.

According to a preferred embodiment of the panel according to the invention, a UV-absorbing substance is used as the functional component. Typically, here are bodies or substances with dimensions in the nano range, so with dimensions up to 950 nm. UV light-absorbing substances or compounds are usually metal compounds, in particular metal oxides such as zinc oxide, for which it is known that they reflect UV light or absorb. Preferably, this substance is transparent or acts. It is further preferred if this functional component is used in the final lacquer layer, or is arranged at or near the surface of the surface coating. It has a special protective effect when applied above coloring or UV-light changeable coatings.

A further advantageous embodiment of the panel according to the invention provides that a flame-retardant or the fire resistance of the wood-material increasing substance is used as a functional component. Flame retardant or fire resistance improving substances are known per se. These include, for example, water glass or other inorganic substances such as vermiculite. Preferably, transparent substances are also used here.

As a functional component is preferably also a substance or a mixture of substances used to adjust the sliding resistance of the surface of the wood material. Typical substances are wax or oils or mixtures thereof, but also mineral substances, especially fine-grained sand. This functional layer is preferably arranged as an outer layer of the surface. It is also advantageous to incorporate into the surface coating of a panel at least one functional component with which the haptic properties of the surface of the wood-based material or of the coated panel are to be set. Again, waxes, oils or mixtures thereof and mineral substances such. As fine-grained sand, which are used as so-called matting agents to give the surface of the panel a velvety handle. This functional component can be applied both as an outer layer of the surface coating. But it can also be arranged within the layer structure, since the surface coating is generally so thin as a rule that z. B. also arranged between the paint layers layers to adjust the feel are effective.

In particular, in conjunction with coloring layers is used as a functional component, a topcoat with a given degree of gloss, which affects the gloss level of the surface coating or the surface of the panel.

The invention also encompasses a panel in which it is provided according to the invention that a substance is applied as the functional layer with which the antistatic properties of the surface of the wood-based material are to be set. The antistatic properties of the surface of the wood material can be adjusted by adding carbon black, but the coloring is severely limited. Alternatively, surfactants can be added as a functional component to promote water retention in the paint. Finally, conductive fabrics can be used, which in turn affects the appearance of the surface. It is particularly preferred within the scope of the invention to use transparent, conductive particles as the functional component or layer. It has been found that a single layer of synthetic resin or lacquer staggered with small amounts of said particles suffices to permanently and independently of other parameters, such as ambient humidity, ensure a significant improvement in drainability, for example a surface for a dissipative floor To create DIN IEC 61340. Transparent conductive particles are produced, for example, by applying metal oxides to carrier particles. For example, a mica particle doped with tin and antimony oxide is suitable. Transparent particles may have a platy or spherical shape. Good conductivity and transparency as well as optimal Abieitfähigkeit is achieved with particles having a diameter of up to 25 microns, preferably up to 15 microns, preferably up to 10 microns.

According to the invention, it is sufficient if the electrically conductive, transparent particles are contained in only one layer of a multilayer synthetic resin structure on an overlay or a plate-shaped wooden material. According to the invention, up to 15% by weight (% by weight) of electrically conductive, transparent particles are based on the solids content of the synthetic resin, preferably up to 10% by weight, more preferably up to 8% by weight of particles Solid content of the resin used.

A dissipative surface on an overlay or a plate-shaped wood material is built up if at least one layer, that is to say up to 40 g / m ^{2, of} a synthetic resin mixed with transparent, conductive particles is applied. According to a preferred embodiment, up to 25 g / m ² , more preferably up to 15 g / m ² , advantageously up to 10 g / m ² are sufficient. Overall, the layer structure of the respective surface can easily exceed 100 g / m ² in the case of a multilayer structure. Nevertheless, only one layer of the inventively particle-modified synthetic resin is sufficient to obtain a surface which has a significantly improved removal ability.

A known measure for increasing the abrasion resistance is the introduction of corundum with the paint. This measure also increases in panels according to claim 1, the abrasion resistance, which is an essential parameter for determining the use of mass according to DIN EN 13329. At most, the grain size of the corundum is finer to choose, to adapt to the thinner paint layer. Corundum is preferably introduced as a functional component in a lacquer layer, which is not the outermost lacquer layer. The surface coating of the panel can still be provided with a plastic deformation according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention after the application and curing of the paint. Relief-like embossments are introduced into the gelled or hardened surface coating under pressure and possibly at elevated temperatures, which are durable. Surprisingly, it has been found that the surface of a surface-coated workpiece is still plastically deformable without the surface coating being damaged. The seal does not crack, it does not crack, it absorbs deformations of a depth suitable for reproducing natural materials. With the embossing can thus be achieved that the surface of a surface-coated workpiece is perceived as a close replica of natural substances, as touching the surface exactly conveys the structure that is known from natural substances. This perception is supported in most cases by a coordinated color scheme. For example, a wood-based panel can simulate certain types of wood by applying one or more coats of paint. The plastically deformed surface of the sealed panel then complements the pore structure familiar from the real wood model.

According to a simple embodiment of the panel according to the invention, the at least one lacquer layer is applied directly to the primer. Technically, such a surface coating is quite functional, but it rarely meets aesthetic requirements. Therefore, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one, usually at least two layers of color are applied as a functional layer between primer and lacquer layer. If necessary, adhesion promoters or putty layers can also be applied to the primer in connection with the application of paint in order to improve the substrate for the application of paint.

The paint usually adheres very well to the primer. The adhesion of the paint to the paint may, according to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, be improved if necessary by adding at least 5% (w / w) paint to the paint before it is applied. Possibly. For example, the varnish may be added to single or all color layers if more than one color layer is applied. will be carried.

In particular, when paint layers are applied, the combination of two different functional layers is close in the construction of the surface coating. It should, however, be expressly stated that the above-described functional components can either be provided several times in the structure of the surface coating, or that different functional components (two or more) can be combined within a surface coating.

It is considered as an independent inventive achievement that a panel of wood material, one of which, for use, for. B. for committing or work specific side is provided with a surface coating, on the opposite side, usually referred to as the bottom, at least partially coated with lacquer. This varnish, applied at least in sections, replaces the usual paper or veneer used as a countermove. A counter-pull is necessary to compensate for the forces occurring in connection with the surface coating, in particular shrinkage stresses occurring during drying or hardening of the surface coating. Surprisingly, it has been found that especially in the case of the particularly thin surface coating, which is applied to panels according to claim 1, an at least partially applied lacquer layer on the underside of the panel is sufficient to compensate for the tension generated by the surface coating, so that the finished coated Panel after hardening of all coating operations on top and bottom is not warped.

The paint application on the underside of the panel can be done in very small quantities. It suffice up to 120 g / m ² , preferably up to 80 g / m ² , more preferably up to 60 g / m ² , advantageously up to 45 g / m ² , preferably up to 30 g / m ² . Especially with low order quantities, it may happen that no closed lacquer layer is formed. On a closed lacquer layer, it does not matter, but it depends on the shrinkage, which develops the paint applied to the underside during curing. Paints are known and available which shrink very differently when applied and cured on wood-based materials within a wide range. According to the invention, a lacquer is selected whose shrinkage is suitable is to compensate for the deformation that generates the respective surface coating. Although the forces that occur can also be calculated, it has proven to be easier to determine the suitable lacquer for the underside of a panel by simple tests.

The paint applied to the underside can be chosen as desired. It can be a solvent-based or water-based paint that dries or hardens when exposed to heat. But it may also be a curing by means of UV light or electron beam curing lacquer.

It is further considered as an independent inventive achievement to propose a device with which the panel according to the invention can be produced. This device for coating, in particular painting panels has means for conveying panels to a processing unit and away from a processing unit and means for applying a coating, in particular a LacMerung and means for partially or completely curing a coating, in particular a LacMerung, said Means for applying a coating and the means for partially or completely curing a coating in that they are arranged directly one behind the other, are combined to form a processing unit. According to the invention, at least two processing units are provided.

The processing units are very compact compared to the prior art, as can be dispensed with devices for grinding paint layers. The direct sequential arrangement of the means for applying laminations, generally of rollers applying paint to the surface of the panel, and means for partially or completely curing these layers allows close coordination of the application of the coating with its fixation , Regularly coatings of the surface of a panel still require a fixation, usually called curing or reacting. As described in connection with the panel according to the invention, it may also be a partial hardening or reacting. As a typical use of the curing agent is to look at the setting of UV-curing paints, which were applied immediately before on the surface of a panel. Only after the application of the final varnish layer, the curing agents are used so that the coating is cured as a whole. Means for curing are therefore preferably designed as UV light-emitting devices or as devices for EleMronenstrahl-hardening, but it may also be known devices in which the curing takes place by supplying heat.

The addition of more lacquer coats to the lower coats of lacquer proves necessary to allow the application of further coats. Without fusing, subsequent means for applying further coatings would not be able to properly deposit the material to be applied on the already applied layers.

According to the invention, at least two of these processing units are provided; the arrangement of at least three processing units, for example for applying a two-layer sublimation or a subcoat and a functional layer, eg. As a layer of a resilient plastic material with low Shore hardness, and a layer of a DecMacks.

Due to the compact construction of the device according to the invention and the few means or units required for coating, it has been found that the achievable working speeds are extremely high. The device according to the invention can be designed for working speeds of at least 35 m / min, preferably at least 50 m / min, more preferably at least 70 m / min.

Details of the invention are explained in more detail below using the example of exemplary embodiments:

Example 1 A commercial primer is rolled onto a hardboard. The order quantity is approx. 14 g / m ² . This primer fills out bumps, smoothes fibers and improves the water-repellent properties of the hardboard. The primer is essentially an aliphatic polyurethane dispersion (80 to 90% by weight), in conjunction with an acrylate copolymer emulsion (between 10 and 15% by weight) and small amounts of water (less than 2% by weight) and conventional stabilizing and defoaming additives (between 2 and 5% by weight) ) is applied to the hardboard.

On the dried primer then a first and a second coat of paint is applied. Each 30 g / m ^{2 of} a varnish which cures under UV light are applied first, then the curing is initiated under the action of UV light, but not completed. The second lacquer layer is then applied to the partially cured first lacquer layer. This lacquer layer is exposed to UV light, but not completely cured. Corundum is added to each of the first two layers of lacquer. The paint is composed as follows: The proportion of corundum is 20 to 25% by weight. An aliphatic polyurethane acrylate accounts for 15 to 25% by weight. 45 to 55% by weight makes up a highly functional, aliphatic polyester acrylate. 2 to 10% by weight contribute additives which serve, for example, for defoaming, for stabilizing the varnish, for accelerating curing or for preventing discoloration of the varnish. Paints of this composition are commercially available.

Finally, a UV-curing DecMack with 12 g / m ^{2 is} applied to these first two layers of lacquer. The subsequently used UV light finally cures all three layers of lacquer applied, which is readily possible due to the overall low application rates. The DecMack is composed such that aliphatic high-grade polyester acrylate occupies about 30 to 50% by weight, aliphatic polyurethane acrylate about 15-25% by weight, monomers are added at 5 to 15% by weight, silicatic constituents make up about 5 to 20% from the weight fraction and additives are added in amounts of 10 to 25% by weight. Also such paints are commercially available.

This type of paint application ensures a particularly resistant surface coating. The panels produced from the thus-coated hardboard are suitable for use as a floor covering. They are with an abrasion of 2,400 of the abrasion mass AC 3 and thus the utilization mass 31 (commercial use) according to EN 13329.

The coating of the panel described above takes place by means of roller application. Both the primer is applied with a roller and the paint layers. The rollers that apply the paint layers are each part of a processing unit, which is assigned in addition to the rollers and a UV light unit for fishing or curing of the paint. The first two processing units are designed so that the means of application, the UV light units, the applied lacquer layer only angelieren. Only the UV light unit of the third processing unit causes complete curing of the applied paint layers. The device according to the invention can be adjusted to working speeds of 45 m / min or 55 m / min, depending on the type of coating to be applied.

Example 2 A commercially available primer is rolled onto a hardboard. The order quantity is approx. 14 g / m ² . This primer fills out bumps, smoothes fibers and improves the water-repellent properties of the hardboard. The primer is essentially an aliphatic polyurethane dispersion (80 to 90% by weight), which in combination with an acrylate copolymer emulsion (between 10 and 15% by weight) and small amounts of water (less than 2% by weight) and usual additives for stabilization and defoaming (between 2 and 5% by weight) is applied to the hardboard.

A first and a second layer of lacquer is then applied to the dried primer. Each 30 g / m ^{2 of} a varnish which cures under UV light are applied first, then the curing is initiated under the action of UV light, but not completed. The second lacquer layer is then applied to the partially cured first lacquer layer. This lacquer layer is exposed to UV light, but not completely cured. Corundum is added to the first two layers of lacquer. The paint is composed as follows: The proportion of corundum is 20 to 25% by weight. An aliphatic polyurethane acrylate accounts for 15 to 25% by weight. 45 to 55% by weight makes up a high functionality aliphatic polyester acrylate. 2 to 10% by weight contribute additives which example, to defoam, to stabilize the paint, for faster curing or to prevent discoloration of the paint. Paints of this composition are commercially available.

Finally, a UV-curing Declacquer of 12 g / m ^{2 is} applied to these first two layers of lacquer. The subsequently used UV light finally cures all three layers of lacquer applied, which is readily possible due to the overall low application rates. The DecMack is composed such that aliphatic high-grade polyester acrylate occupies about 30 to 50% by weight, aliphatic polyurethane acrylate about 15-25% by weight, monomers are added at 5 to 15% by weight, silicatic constituents make up about 5 to 20% from the weight fraction and additives are added in amounts of 10 to 25% by weight. Also such paints are commercially available.

This type of paint application ensures a particularly resistant surface coating. The panels produced from the thus-coated hardboard are suitable for use as a floor covering. With an abrasion of 2,400, they are to be assigned to the abrasion mass AC 3 and thus to the utilization grade 31 (commercial use) in accordance with EN 13329.

The coating of the panel described above takes place by means of roller application. Both the primer is applied with a roller and the paint layers. The rollers that apply the paint layers are each part of a processing unit, which is assigned in addition to the rollers and a UV light unit for fishing or curing of the paint. The first two processing units are designed so that the means of application, the UV light units, the applied lacquer layer only angelieren. Only the UV light unit of the third processing unit causes complete curing of the applied paint layers. The device according to the invention can, depending on the type of coating to be applied, be set at working speeds of 45 m / min or 55 m / min.

Example 3

On a high density fiberboard (HDF), which is 7 mm thick, a primer (14 g / m ² ) applied. On the primer is lightly colored wood-colored thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) applied in a layer thickness of 0.2 mm. A color print is applied to the TPU to produce a wood effect on the light wood-colored substrate of the TPU. Then UV-curing lacquer is applied in a layer thickness of 30 microns. Alternatively, three layers of UV-curing lacquers are applied in a layer thickness of 15 μm in each case.

The HDF board, which is provided with three layers of UV varnish, complies with the specifications for a commercially usable floor according to EN 13329 for use mass 32.

Claims

claims

1. Panel of wood-based material with surface coating, comprising a primer, which is applied to the wood material and at least one lacquer layer, which is cured by UV light or by electron beam curing (ESH), wherein the total layer thickness of at least one Paint layer is less than 120 microns, characterized in that at least one functional component is provided, which is integrated in the at least one lacquer layer, or as the outer functional layer, as under the at least one lacquer layer or as between at least two lacquer layers arranged , functional layer is applied.

2. Panel of wood material according to claim 1, characterized in that the paint is applied in at least two layers.

3. Panel of wood-based material according to claim 1, characterized in that according to the provisions of DIN EN 13329 the conditions of the use of masses for housing or for commercial use can be achieved.

4. Panel of wood-based material according to claim 1, characterized in that the total layer thickness of the at least one lacquer layer is preferably less than 80 μm, more preferably less than 60 μm, advantageously less than 45 μm, particularly advantageously less than 30 μm.

5. Panel of wood material according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one functional component consists of an elastomer, preferably ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) or thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU).

6. Panel of wood material according to claim 5, characterized in that these funMionale component is applied as a layer, which is preferably remote from the surface.

7. Panel of wood material according to claim 5, characterized in that the at least one functional layer of an elastomer is between 0.01 mm and 10 mm thick.

8. Panel of wood material according to claim 1, characterized in that as a functional component at least one lacquer layer of matt lacquer is applied, which covers the surface of the panel in sections, and wherein the at least one lacquer layer is a gloss lacquer.

9. Panel of wood material according to claim 8, characterized in that the at least one layer of matt lacquer and the at least one layer of gloss lacquer form visually perceptible structures.

10. Panel of wood material according to claim 1, characterized in that the functional component at least a first layer which covers the surface of the panel in sections, and which repels a coloring coating and at least one second layer, which consists of a coloring coating, the the surface of the panel in sections bedecM.

11. Panel of wood-based material according to at least one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the at least two-layer functional layers are coated by at least one lacquer layer without funMionale component.

12. The panel of wood material according to claim 1, characterized in that the functional component is a UV-absorbing or reflelctierende substance or UV-absorbing or reflective body are used, in particular those with dimensions of my 950 nm.

13. Panel of wood-based material according to claim 1, characterized in that this layer of a UV-absorbing or reflective substance or a UV-absorbing or reflective body is transparent or acts.

14 panel of wood material according to claim 1, characterized in that a flame retardant or the fire resistance of the wood material increasing substance is applied as a functional component.

15 panel of wood material according to claim 1, characterized in that a substance or a mixture of substances is used as a functional component with which the sliding resistance of the surface of the wood material and / or the haptic properties of the surface of the wood material is set.

16. The panel of wood material according to claim 15, characterized in that waxes, oils or mixtures thereof and / or mineral substances, in particular fine-grained sand are used for adjusting the sliding resistance or the haptic properties of the surface of the wood material.

17 panel of wood material according to claim 1, characterized in that a substance is used as a functional component with which the gloss level of the surface of the wood material is set.

18 panel of wood material according to claim 1, characterized in that a substance or a mixture of substances is used as a functional component, with which the antistatic properties of the surface of the wood material are set.

19 panel of wood material according to claim 18, characterized in that carbon black, surfactants, lattices of conductive materials or conductive, in particular conductive and transparent particles are used as functional Kompentente.

20. Panel of wood-based material according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one functional component which does not form the surface of the panel contains means for thawing the surface, in particular corundum.

21 panel of wood material according to claim l, characterized in that at least one color layer is applied as a functional component.

22 panel of wood material according to claim 21, characterized in that the color layer has at least 5 weight percent paint.

23 panel of wood material according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface, in particular the uppermost lacquer layer is plastically deformed.

24 panel of wood material, characterized in that the provided with a surface coating side of the panel opposite side is at least partially coated with lacquer.

25 panel of wood material according to claim 23, characterized in that the coating with lacquer coating up to 120 g / m ² , preferably up to 80 g / m ² , more preferably up to 60 g / m ² , advantageously up to 45 g / m ² , preferably up to 30 g / m ² .

26 panel of wood material according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that a highly shrinking paint is applied.

27. A method for coating wood materials, characterized in that at least two layers of paint are applied, which cure by means of UN light, wherein after application of the first layer of the applied paint is exposed to UN light, so that the paint begins to cure, and wherein the at least second layer of varnish is applied before the first layer of varnish has completely hardened, and finally the complete curing of the at least two applied varnish layers takes place only after application of the last layer of varnish by means of UN light.

28. An apparatus for coating, in particular laclders of panels with - means for conveying panels to a processing unit and away from a processing unit and Means for applying a coating, in particular a coating, and means for partially or completely curing a coating, in particular a coating, characterized in that the means for applying a coating and the means for partially or completely curing a coating comprise are arranged directly behind one another, are combined to form a processing unit, and that at least two processing units are provided, and that at least one processing unit for applying at least one funMionalen layer before, between or after the processing units for applying the at least two paint layers are provided.

29. The device according to claim 27, characterized in that the means for conveying the panels and the at least two processing units for a working speed of at least 35 m / min, preferably of at least 50 m / min, more preferably of at least 70 m / min are designed.