WO2005113525A1 - Derives -1,3-diamino-2-oxopropane n, n'-substitue et compositions pharmaceutique de ces composes et utilisation - Google Patents
Derives -1,3-diamino-2-oxopropane n, n'-substitue et compositions pharmaceutique de ces composes et utilisation Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005113525A1 WO2005113525A1 PCT/EP2005/005586 EP2005005586W WO2005113525A1 WO 2005113525 A1 WO2005113525 A1 WO 2005113525A1 EP 2005005586 W EP2005005586 W EP 2005005586W WO 2005113525 A1 WO2005113525 A1 WO 2005113525A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- alkyl
- cycloalkyl
- amino
- aryl
- heterocyclyl
- Prior art date
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- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 title claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 6
- -1 ketone compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 76
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- 108010090849 Amyloid beta-Peptides Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 208000037259 Amyloid Plaque Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 77
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 65
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 38
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 35
- KXDAEFPNCMNJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KXDAEFPNCMNJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 29
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000005213 alkyl heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 11
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000882 C2-C6 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004367 cycloalkylaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000006274 (C1-C3)alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005024 alkenyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005217 alkenylheteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
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- 125000000852 azido group Chemical group *N=[N+]=[N-] 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011321 prophylaxis Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 claims 4
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
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- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 101000894895 Homo sapiens Beta-secretase 1 Proteins 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 29
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 29
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- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 17
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 14
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- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 11
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- 125000004191 (C1-C6) alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
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- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- IOMIRDCFKQGXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 3-(1,1-dioxothiazinan-2-yl)-2-fluoro-5-(propan-2-ylamino)benzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC(NC(C)C)=CC(N2S(CCCC2)(=O)=O)=C1F IOMIRDCFKQGXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical class CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- ULQUYTPKXLQGEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(1,1-dioxothiazinan-2-yl)-2-fluoro-5-(propan-2-ylamino)benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(NC(C)C)=CC(N2S(CCCC2)(=O)=O)=C1F ULQUYTPKXLQGEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- NPNMKGHHWPDWSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 3-[bis(4-chlorobutylsulfonyl)amino]-2-fluoro-5-nitrobenzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=CC(N(S(=O)(=O)CCCCCl)S(=O)(=O)CCCCCl)=C1F NPNMKGHHWPDWSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007721 medicinal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RQZAXGRLVPAYTJ-GQFGMJRRSA-N megestrol acetate Chemical compound C1=C(C)C2=CC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@@](C(C)=O)(OC(=O)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 RQZAXGRLVPAYTJ-GQFGMJRRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004296 megestrol acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ONWYSHWKVSVXQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-fluoro-3,5-dinitrobenzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1F ONWYSHWKVSVXQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 235000010270 methyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004458 methylaminocarbonyl group Chemical group [H]N(C(*)=O)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002757 morpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- OSFCMRGOZNQUSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1h-isoquinolin-2-yl)ethyl]phenyl]-5-methoxy-9-oxo-10h-acridine-4-carboxamide Chemical compound N1C2=C(OC)C=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C(C(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=C1)CCN1CCC=3C=C(C(=CC=3C1)OC)OC)=CC=C2 OSFCMRGOZNQUSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004593 naphthyridinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=CC2=CC=CN=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000004770 neurodegeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002569 neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 231100000189 neurotoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- 125000006574 non-aromatic ring group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940126701 oral medication Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001181 organosilyl group Chemical group [SiH3]* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001715 oxadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005880 oxathiolanyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000496 pancreas Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007911 parenteral administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001575 pathological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001484 phenothiazinyl group Chemical class C1(=CC=CC=2SC3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 description 1
- UYWQUFXKFGHYNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylmethyl ester of formic acid Natural products O=COCC1=CC=CC=C1 UYWQUFXKFGHYNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004193 piperazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000186 progesterone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000002212 progressive supranuclear palsy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000010232 propyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QELSKZZBTMNZEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylparaben Chemical class CCCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QELSKZZBTMNZEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019833 protease Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003373 pyrazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003072 pyrazolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002098 pyridazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002294 quinazolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 229960001404 quinidine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001567 quinoxalinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=NC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- ZAHRKKWIAAJSAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N rapamycin Natural products COCC(O)C(=C/C(C)C(=O)CC(OC(=O)C1CCCCN1C(=O)C(=O)C2(O)OC(CC(OC)C(=CC=CC=CC(C)CC(C)C(=O)C)C)CCC2C)C(C)CC3CCC(O)C(C3)OC)C ZAHRKKWIAAJSAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NCDNCNXCDXHOMX-XGKFQTDJSA-N ritonavir Chemical compound N([C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H](C[C@H](O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)OCC=1SC=NC=1)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N(C)CC1=CSC(C(C)C)=N1 NCDNCNXCDXHOMX-XGKFQTDJSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020374 simple syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QFJCIRLUMZQUOT-HPLJOQBZSA-N sirolimus Chemical compound C1C[C@@H](O)[C@H](OC)C[C@@H]1C[C@@H](C)[C@H]1OC(=O)[C@@H]2CCCCN2C(=O)C(=O)[C@](O)(O2)[C@H](C)CC[C@H]2C[C@H](OC)/C(C)=C/C=C/C=C/[C@@H](C)C[C@@H](C)C(=O)[C@H](OC)[C@H](O)/C(C)=C/[C@@H](C)C(=O)C1 QFJCIRLUMZQUOT-HPLJOQBZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002930 sirolimus Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940080313 sodium starch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012321 sodium triacetoxyborohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940075582 sorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001593 sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011069 sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 229960001685 tacrine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YLJREFDVOIBQDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tacrine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N)=C(CCCC3)C3=NC2=C1 YLJREFDVOIBQDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001603 tamoxifen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003892 tartrate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ILMRJRBKQSSXGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl(dimethyl)silicon Chemical group C[Si](C)C(C)(C)C ILMRJRBKQSSXGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IWXDXDCALKLIKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylperoxycarbonyl (2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(=O)OC(=O)OOC(C)(C)C IWXDXDCALKLIKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004632 tetrahydrothiopyranyl group Chemical group S1C(CCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003831 tetrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001113 thiadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004568 thiomorpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002088 tosyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 235000010487 tragacanth Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000196 tragacanth Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940116362 tragacanth Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 125000004205 trifluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C(F)(F)F 0.000 description 1
- 229950010938 valspodar Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 108010082372 valspodar Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229960001722 verapamil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- IHOVFYSQUDPMCN-QKUIIBHLSA-N zosuquidar Chemical compound C([C@H](COC=1C2=CC=CN=C2C=CC=1)O)N(CC1)CCN1C1C2=CC=CC=C2C2C(F)(F)C2C2=CC=CC=C12 IHOVFYSQUDPMCN-QKUIIBHLSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D279/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom and one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D279/02—1,2-Thiazines; Hydrogenated 1,2-thiazines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D207/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D207/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D207/24—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
- C07D207/26—2-Pyrrolidones
- C07D207/263—2-Pyrrolidones with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to other ring carbon atoms
- C07D207/267—2-Pyrrolidones with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to other ring carbon atoms with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D207/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D207/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D207/24—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
- C07D207/26—2-Pyrrolidones
- C07D207/263—2-Pyrrolidones with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to other ring carbon atoms
- C07D207/27—2-Pyrrolidones with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to other ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D275/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,2-thiazole rings
- C07D275/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,2-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to novel ketone compounds having Asp2 ( ⁇ -secretase, BACE1 or Memapsin 2) inhibitory activity, processes for their preparation, to compositions containing them and to their use in the treatment of diseases characterised by elevated ⁇ - amyloid levels or ⁇ -amyloid deposits, particularly Alzheimer's disease.
- Asp2 ⁇ -secretase, BACE1 or Memapsin 2
- Alzheimer's disease is a degenerative brain disorder in which extracellular deposition of A ⁇ in the form of senile plaques represents a key pathological hallmark of the disease (Selkoe, D. J. (2001 ) Physiological Reviews 81 : 741-766).
- the presence of senile plaques is accompanied by a prominent inflammatory response and neuronal loss, ⁇ -amyloid (A ⁇ ) exists in soluble and insoluble, fibrillar forms and a specific fibrillar form has been identified as the predominant neurotoxic species (Vassar, R. and Citron, M. (2000) Neuron 27: 419-422).
- a ⁇ is known to be produced through the cleavage of the beta amyloid precursor protein (also known as APP) by an aspartyl protease enzyme known as Asp2 (also known as ⁇ -secretase, BACE1 or Memapsin 2) (De Strooper, B. and Konig, G. (1999) Nature 402: 471-472).
- Asp2 also known as ⁇ -secretase, BACE1 or Memapsin 2
- APP is cleaved by a variety of proteolytic enzymes (De Strooper, B. and Konig, G. (1999) Nature 402: 471-472).
- the key enzymes in the amyloidogenic pathway are Asp2 ( ⁇ - secretase) and ⁇ -secretase both of which are aspartic proteinases and cleavage of APP by these enzymes generates A ⁇ .
- the non-amyloidogenic, ⁇ -secretase pathway which precludes A ⁇ formation, has been shown to be catalysed by a number of proteinases, the best candidate being ADAM10, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase.
- Asp1 has been claimed to show both ⁇ - and ⁇ -secretase activity in vitro.
- Asp2 is most highly expressed in the pancreas and brain while Asp1 expression occurs in many other peripheral tissues.
- the Asp2 knockout mouse indicates that lack of Asp2 abolished A ⁇ production and also shows that in this animal model endogenous Asp1 cannot substitute for the Asp2 deficiency (Luo, Y. et al. (2001) Nat Neurosci. 4: 231-232; Cai, H. et. al. (2001 ) Nat Neurosci. 4: 233-234; Roberds, S. L. er a/. (2001) Hum. Mol. Genet. 10: 1317-1324).
- said agent is a potent inhibitor of the Asp2 enzyme, but should ideally also be selective for Asp2 over other enzymes of the aspartyl proteinase family, e.g Cathepsin D (Connor, G. E. (1998) Cathepsin D in Handbook of Proteolytic Enzymes, Barrett, A. J., Rawlings, N. D., & Woesner, J. F. (Eds) Academic Press London. pp828-836).
- Cathepsin D Connor, G. E. (1998) Cathepsin D in Handbook of Proteolytic Enzymes, Barrett, A. J., Rawlings, N. D., & Woesner, J. F. (Eds) Academic Press London. pp828-836.
- WO 04/014843 (Takeda) describes a series of ketones having ⁇ -secretase activity which are implicated to be useful in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
- WO 01/70672, WO 02/02512, WO 02/02505, WO 02/02506 and WO 03/040096 (Elan Pharmaceuticals Inc.) describe a series of hydroxyethylamine compounds having ⁇ -secretase activity which are implicated to be useful in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
- R 1 represents C ⁇ . 6 alkyl, C 2 . 6 alkenyl, halogen, C 1-6 alkoxy, amino, cyano, hydroxy, aryl, heteroaryl or heterocyclyl;
- R 2a represents hydrogen, C 1-3 alkyl, C 1-3 alkoxy or halogen; m and n independently represent 0, 1 or 2; X represents CO, SO or SO 2 ; p represents an integer from 1 to 3;
- R 2b represents hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkenyl, halogen, C 1-6 alkoxy, amino, cyano, hydroxy, aryl, heteroaryl or heterocyclyl;
- R 3 represents halogen, C 1-6 alkyl, C 2 . 6 alkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, -C ⁇ -6 alkyl-aryl, - C ⁇ - 6 alkyl-heteroaryl, -C 1-6 alkyl-heterocyclyl, -C 2 . 6 alkenyl-aryl, -C 2- 6 alkenyl-heteroaryl, -C 2- 6 alkenyl-heterocyclyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, -C 1-6 alkyl-C 3 .
- R 4 represents -C 2 . 6 alkynyl, -C ⁇ alkyl-aryl, -C ⁇ -6 alkyl-heteroaryl or -C 1-6 alkyl-heterocyclyl;
- R 5 represents hydrogen, -C 1-10 alkyl, -C 3 . ⁇ 0 cycloalkyl, -C 3-10 cycloalkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, -C ⁇ -6 alkyl-C 3 - 10 cycloalkyl, -C3.10 cycloalkyl-CL.10 alkyl, -C 3 .
- R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 13 , R 14 , R 5 , R 16 , R 17 , R 18 , R 19 , R 20 and R 2 independently represent hydrogen
- R 1 , R 12 , R a , R c , R e and R f independently represent hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl or C 3-8 cycloalkyl;
- R b and R d independently represent hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, C 3 _s cycloalkyl or -Ci -6 alkyl-SO 2 -C 1-6 alkyl; q represents 1 to 3; wherein said alkyl groups may be optionally substituted by one or more (eg. 1, 2 or 3) halogen, C ⁇ -6 alkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, C 2 . 6 alkenoxy, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, amino, cyano or hydroxy groups; and wherein said cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl or heterocyclyl groups may be optionally substituted by one or more (eg.
- -COOR 22 , -SO 2 R 22 , -C 1-6 alkyl-NR 22 R 23 (wherein R 22 and R 23 independently represent hydrogen or C 1-6 alkyl), -C 1-6 alkyl-C 1-6 alkoxy, -C 1-6 alkanol or hydroxy groups; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof.
- references to alkyl include references to both straight chain and branched chain aliphatic isomers of the corresponding alkyl. It will be appreciated that references to alkenyl and alkenoxy shall be interpreted similarly. It will also be appreciated that when an alkenyl or alkenoxy group is attached to an O, N or S atom the double bond is not at the alpha position relative to said O, N or S atom.
- haloC 1-6 alkyl include references to both straight chained and branched chain aliphatic isomers of C 1-6 alkyl in which one or more hydrogen atoms are substituted by halogen atoms (eg. fluorine, chlorine or bromine).
- halogen atoms eg. fluorine, chlorine or bromine.
- Examples of haloC 1-6 alkyl groups include - CH 2 CF 3 and -CF 3 .
- references to cycloalkyl include references to all alicyclic (including branched) isomers of the corresponding alkyl.
- a cycloalkyl group is substituted by two or more C 1-6 alkyl groups, said cycloalkyl groups together with any two alkyl groups may form a bridged cycloalkyl group which includes bicycloheptyl, adamantyl, bicyclo-octyl and the like.
- references to 'aryl' include references to monocyclic carbocyclic aromatic rings (eg. phenyl) and bicyclic carbocyclic aromatic rings (e.g. naphthyl) or carbocyclic benzofused rings (eg. C 3- 8 cycloalkyl fused to a phenyl ring, such as dihydroindenyl or tetrahydronaphthalenyl).
- monocyclic carbocyclic aromatic rings eg. phenyl
- bicyclic carbocyclic aromatic rings e.g. naphthyl
- carbocyclic benzofused rings eg. C 3- 8 cycloalkyl fused to a phenyl ring, such as dihydroindenyl or tetrahydronaphthalenyl.
- references to 'heteroaryl' include references to mono- and bicyclic heterocyclic aromatic rings which monocyclic or bicyclic rings contain 1-4 hetero atoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur.
- monocyclic heterocyclic aromatic rings include e.g. thienyl, furyl, pyrrolyl, triazolyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, isothiazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiadiazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyrimidyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridyl, tetrazolyl and the like.
- bicyclic heterocyclic aromatic rings include eg. quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl, cinnolinyl, naphthyridinyl, indolyl, indazolyl, pyrrolopyridinyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, benzoxadiazolyl, benzothiadiazolyl and the like.
- quinolinyl isoquinolinyl, quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl, cinnolinyl, naphthyridinyl, indolyl, indazolyl, pyrrolopyridinyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benziso
- references to 'heterocyclyl' include references to a 5-7 membered non-aromatic monocyclic ring containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, sulphur or oxygen.
- heterocyclic non-aromatic rings include e.g. morpholinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, thiomorpholinyl, oxathianyl, dithianyl, dioxanyl, pyrrolidinyl, dioxolanyl, oxathiolanyl, imidazolidinyl, pyrazolidinyl and the like.
- references to 'benzofused heterocyclyl or heteroaryl ring' include quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, indolyl, indazolyl, dihydroindolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, benzoxadiazolyl, benzothiadiazolyl, dihydrochromene, benzotriazolyl, tetrahydroquinoxalinyl and the like.
- m is 0 or 1. In a more particular aspect, m is 0. In one embodiment in which m represents 1 , R 1 is aryl (eg. phenyl).
- n is 0 or 1. In a more particular embodiment, n is 1.
- R 2a is C 1-3 alkoxy (eg. methoxy) or halogen (eg. fluorine). In a more particular embodiment, R 2a is halogen (eg. fluorine).
- R 2a is in the position ortho to the sultam or lactam substituent of the phenyl ring.
- p is 1 , 2 or 3. In a more particular embodiment in which X represents SO 2 , p is 2.
- p is 1 or 2. In a more particular embodiment in which X represents CO, p is 1.
- R 2b is : hydrogen; halogen (eg. chlorine or fluorine); C 1-6 alkyl (eg. methyl); C 1-6 alkoxy (eg. methoxy); or heterocyclyl (eg. pyrrolidinyl) optionally substituted by an oxo group (eg. 2- oxopyrrolidin-1-yl).
- halogen eg. chlorine or fluorine
- C 1-6 alkyl eg. methyl
- C 1-6 alkoxy eg. methoxy
- heterocyclyl eg. pyrrolidinyl
- an oxo group eg. 2- oxopyrrolidin-1-yl
- R 2b is hydrogen or halogen (eg. fluorine), particularly hydrogen.
- R 3 represents: C 1-6 alkyl (eg. methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, sec-butyl or t-butyl) optionally substituted by one or more (eg. 1 , 2 or 3) hydroxy, halogen (eg. fluorine) or C 1-6 alkoxy groups (eg. methoxy or ethoxy); C- 2 . 6 alkenyl (eg. propenyl); C 3-8 cycloalkyl (eg.
- cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl cyano
- heterocyclyl eg. piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl or isothiazolidinyl
- -NR 7 R 8 a compound selected from the group consisting of cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl
- -OR 13 e.g. cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl
- -SR 15 e.g. -CONR 17 R 18 .
- R 3 represents: C 1-6 alkyl (eg. n-propyl); -NR 7 R 8 ; C 3-8 cycloalkyl (eg. cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl); -OR 13 ; or -CONR 17 R 18 .
- R 3 represents d -6 alkyl (eg. n-propyl), -NR 7 R 8 or -OR 13 .
- R 3 and R 2b together with the phenyl group which they are attached represent indolyl, indazolyl, dihydroindolyl, benzofuranyl, dihydrochromenyl, benzotriazolyl, benzimidazolyl or tetrahydroquinoxalinyl, optionally substituted by one or two C 1-6 alkyl (eg. methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, sec-butyl, t-butyl or pentyl) groups. More particularly, R 3 and R 2b together with the phenyl group which they are attached represent benzimidazolyl or indolyl substituted by a C ⁇ -6 alkyl group (eg. ethyl).
- R 7 and R 8 independently represent: hydrogen; C 1-6 alkyl (eg. methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, sec-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, i-propyl, i-butyl, -CH 2 C(CH 3 ) 3 , -CH(CH 2 CH 3 )CH 2 CH 3 or -(CH 2 ) 2 CH(CH 3 ) 2 ); C 3 . 8 cycloalkyl (eg. cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl); aryl (eg.
- C 1-6 alkyl eg. methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, sec-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, i-propyl, i-butyl, -
- phenyl ); -C 1-6 alkyl-C 3-8 cycloalkyl (eg. -CH 2 -cyclopropyl); -C 1-6 alkyl-aryl (eg. -CH 2 -phenyl or -(CH 2 ) 2 -phenyl); or -CO-C 1-6 alkyl (eg. -COCH 3 ).
- R 7 represents hydrogen and R 8 represents C ⁇ alkyl (particularly ethyl or isopropyl).
- R 13 represents C ⁇ . 6 alkyl (eg. methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, sec-butyl or t-butyl or pentyl) optionally substituted by a hydroxy or C 1 -6 alkoxy (eg. methoxy) group, more particularly R 13 represents ethyl or i-propyl. In a most particular embodiment R 13 represents ethyl.
- R 15 represents C ⁇ . 6 alkyl (eg. methyl or ethyl).
- R 17 and R 18 both represent C ⁇ . 6 alkyl (eg. both represent propyl or one represents propyl and the other represents methyl).
- R 4 represents -C ⁇ -6 alkyl-aryl (eg. benzyl) or -C 1-6 alkyl-heteroaryl (eg. - CH 2 -pyridinyl, -CH 2 -thiazolyl, -CH 2 -furanyl, -CH 2 -thienyl or -CH 2 -pyrazolyl) optionally substituted by one or two halogen atoms (eg. chlorine or fluorine).
- R 4 represents -C ⁇ . 6 alkyl-aryl (eg. benzyl) optionally substituted by one or two halogen atoms (eg. chlorine or fluorine).
- R 4 represents unsubstituted benzyl.
- cyclopropyl optionally substituted by one or more C 1 - 6 alkyl (eg. methyl, ethyl or propyl) or halogen (eg. fluorine) groups; -C ⁇ -6 alkyl-C 3 . ⁇ o cycloalkyl (eg. -CH 2 -cyclohexyl or -CH 2 -cyclopropyl); -aryl (eg.
- phenyl, dihydroindenyl or tetrahydronaphthalenyl optionally substituted by one or more hydroxy or C ⁇ -6 alkoxy (eg. methoxy) groups; -C ⁇ -6 alkyl-aryl (eg. benzyl, -ethyl-phenyl, -ethyl-naphthyl, -propyl-phenyl, -C(H)(Me)- phenyl, -C(H)(Et)-phenyl -C(Me)(Me)-benzyl or -C(Me)(Me)-phenyl) optionally substituted by one or more halogen (eg.
- haloC ⁇ -6 alkyl eg. - CH 2 CF 3 or -CF 3
- C 1 - 6 alkyl eg. methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, sec-butyl or t- butyl
- C 2-6 alkenyl eg. ethenyl
- C 2-6 alkynyl C 1 . 6 alkoxy (eg. methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy or methylethoxy)
- cyano, nitro, -COOR 22 eg.
- tetrahydropyranyl or tetrahydrothiopyranyl tetrahydropyranyl or tetrahydrothiopyranyl
- -C ⁇ _ 5 alkyl-heterocyclyl eg. -CH 2 -tetrahydropyranyl
- -C 3 . 10 cycloalkyl-d. 10 alkyl eg.
- -cyclopropyl-CH 2 -phenyl optionally substituted by one or more halogen (eg. chlorine) atoms; -C 3 .i 0 cycloalkyl-aryl (eg. -cyclopropyl-phenyl) optionally substituted by one or more halogen (eg. chlorine, bromine or fluorine), hydroxy, -OCF 3 , haloC ⁇ . 6 alkyl (eg. -CH 2 CF 3 or - CF 3 ), C ⁇ -6 alkyl (eg.
- R 5 represents: -C 1 - 1 0 alkyl (eg. i-propyl); -Q3. 10 cycloalkyl (eg. cyclohexyl); -C 1 - 6 alkyl-aryl (eg. benzyl) optionally substituted by one or more halogen (eg. chlorine, bromine or fluorine), C 1 - 6 alkoxy (eg. methoxy), -OCF 3 or haloC ⁇ alkyl (eg. -CF 3 ) groups; -C ⁇ . 6 alkyl-heteroaryl (eg.
- -CH 2 -thienyl, -CH 2 -pyrazolyl or -CH 2 -isoxazolyl optionally substituted by one or more C ⁇ . 6 alkyl (eg. methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, propyl or butyl) or haloC ⁇ alkyl (eg. CH 2 CF 3 ) groups; -heterocyclyl (eg. tetrahydropyranyl such as tetrahydropyran-4-yl); or -C(R c R d )-CONH-C 3-10 cycloalkyl (eg. C(R c R d )-CONH-cyclohexyl).
- C ⁇ . 6 alkyl eg. methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, propyl or butyl
- haloC ⁇ alkyl eg. CH 2 CF 3
- -heterocyclyl eg.
- R 5 represents: -C 1 .10 alkyl (eg. i-propyl), particularly unsubstituted -C 1-10 alkyl; -C 3 . ⁇ o cycloalkyl (eg. cyclohexyl), particularly unsubstituted -C 3 . 10 cycloalkyl; - -6 alkyl-aryl (eg. benzyl) optionally substituted by one or more C ⁇ -6 alkoxy (eg. methoxy), -OCF 3 or haloC 1-6 alkyl (eg. -CF 3 ) groups; -heterocyclyl (eg.
- tetrahydropyran-4-yl particularly unsubstituted heterocyclyl; or -C(R c R d )-CONH-C 3 .i 0 cycloalkyl (eg. C(R c R d )-CONH-cyclohexyl).
- the aryl group may be substituted at the 3 position by C 1-6 alkoxy (eg. methoxy), -OCF 3 or haloC ⁇ . 6 alkyl (eg. -CF 3 ) groups.
- q represents 1 or 2.
- R a represents hydrogen or C ⁇ -6 alkyl (methyl).
- R b and R d independently represent C 1 - 6 alkyl (eg. methyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl) or -C 1 .6 alkyl-SO 2 -d. 6 alkyl (eg. -CH 2 CH 2 SO 2 CH 3 ) optionally substituted by one or more hydroxy groups.
- R b and R independently represent d ⁇ alkyl (eg. methyl).
- R c represents hydrogen or d -6 alkyl (methyl), particularly hydrogen.
- R e and R f both represent C ⁇ . 6 alkyl (eg. methyl).
- the invention provides a compound of formula (I) wherein: m represents 0; n represents 0 or 1 ;
- R 2a represents C ⁇ . 3 alkoxy or halogen
- R 2 is hydrogen or halogen
- R 3 represents C ⁇ . 6 alkyl, -NR 7 R 8 or -OR 13 ;
- R 4 represents unsubstituted benzyl.
- R 5 represents -d- 1 0 alkyl, -C 3 . ⁇ 0 cycloalkyl,-C ⁇ -6 alkyl-aryl, -heterocyclyl or -C(R c R d )-CONH-C 3 .
- cycloalkyl wherein said alkyl groups may be optionally substituted by one or more (eg. 1 , 2 or 3) groups selected from halogen, amino, cyano, hydroxy, C 1-6 alkyl and C ⁇ -6 alkoxy; and wherein said cycloalkyl, aryl or heterocyclyl groups may be optionally substituted by one or more (eg. 1 , 2 or 3) groups selected from halogen, amino, cyano, hydroxy, d- ⁇ alkyl, d.
- alkyl groups may be optionally substituted by one or more (eg. 1 , 2 or 3) groups selected from halogen, amino, cyano, hydroxy, C 1-6 alkyl and C ⁇ -6 alkoxy
- cycloalkyl, aryl or heterocyclyl groups may be optionally substituted by one or more (eg. 1 , 2 or 3) groups selected from halogen, amino, cyano, hydroxy, d- ⁇ alkyl,
- Compounds according to the invention include the compounds of examples E1-E12 or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof..
- Particular compounds of the invention include the following compounds, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof:
- the compounds of formula (I) can form acid addition salts thereof. It will be appreciated that for use in medicine the salts of the compounds of formula (I) should be pharmaceutically acceptable. Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable salts will be apparent to those skilled in the art and include those described in J. Pharm. Sci., 1977, 66, 1-19, such as acid addition salts formed with inorganic or organic acids e.g.
- the present invention includes within its scope all possible stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric forms.
- prodrugs of compounds of formula (I) also includes within its scope prodrugs of compounds of formula (I).
- prodrug means a compound which is converted within the body, e.g. by hydrolysis in the blood, into its active form that has medical effects.
- Pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs are described in T. Higuchi and V. Stella, Prodrugs as Novel Delivery Systems, Vol. 14 of the A.C.S. Symposium Series, Edward B. Roche, ed., Bioreversible Carriers in Drug Design, American Pharmaceutical Association and Pergamon Press, 1987, and in D. Fleisher, S. Ramon and H.
- Esters may be active in their own right and /or be hydrolysable under in vivo conditions in the human body. Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable in vivo hydrolysable ester groups include those which break down readily in the human body to leave the parent acid or its salt.
- the compounds of formula (I) may be prepared in crystalline or non-crystalline form, and, if crystalline, may optionally be solvated, eg. as the hydrate.
- This invention includes within its scope stoichiometric solvates (eg. hydrates) as well as compounds containing variable amounts of solvent (eg. water).
- Certain compounds of formula (I) are capable of existing in stereoisomeric forms (e.g. diastereomers and enantiomers) and the invention extends to each of these stereoisomeric forms and to mixtures thereof including racemates.
- the different stereoisomeric forms may be separated one from the other by the usual methods, or any given isomer may be obtained by stereospecific or asymmetric synthesis.
- the invention also extends to any tautomeric forms and mixtures thereof.
- compounds of formula (I) are in the form of a single enantiomer of formula (la): (la)
- a process according to the invention for preparing a compound of formula (I) which comprises:
- R 1 , m, X, p, R 2a , n, R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are as defined above and P 1 represents a suitable protecting group such as -COOC(CH 3 ) 3 , followed by a deprotection reaction; or
- Process (a) typically comprises treatment of compounds of formula (II) with a suitable oxidising agent such as Dess-Martin periodinane in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as dichloromethane, and at a suitable temperature e.g. between 0°C and room temperature, followed by removal of the P 1 group with hydrogen chloride, formic acid or p-toluenesulfonic acid in the presence of a suitable solvent such as dioxane and at a suitable temperature, e.g. between 0°C and room temperature.
- a suitable oxidising agent such as Dess-Martin periodinane
- a suitable solvent such as dichloromethane
- Suitable amine protecting groups include aryl sulphonyl (e.g. tosyl), acyl (e.g. acetyl), carbamoyl (e.g. benzyloxycarbonyl or t-butoxycarbonyl) and arylalkyl (e.g. benzyl), which may be removed by hydrolysis or hydrogenolysis as appropriate.
- aryl sulphonyl e.g. tosyl
- acyl e.g. acetyl
- carbamoyl e.g. benzyloxycarbonyl or t-butoxycarbonyl
- arylalkyl e.g. benzyl
- Suitable amine protecting groups include t fluoroacetyl (-COCF 3 ) which may be removed by base catalysed hydrolysis.
- Suitable hydroxy protecting groups would be silyl based groups such as t-butyldimethylsilyl, which may be removed using standard methods, for example use of an acid such as trifluoroacetic or hydrochloric acid or a fluoride source such as tetra n- butylammonium fluoride.
- Process (c) may be performed using conventional interconversion procedures such as epimerisation, oxidation, reduction, alkylation, aromatic substitution, ester hydrolysis, amide bond formation or removal and sulphonylation.
- An example of such an interconversion reaction may include interconversion of a compound of formula (I) wherein R 3 represents a C 2 . 6 alkenyl containing group to a corresponding compound of formula (I) wherein R 3 represents a C ⁇ . 6 alkyl containing group, using standard hydrogenation or reductive conditions.
- a further example of such an interconversion reaction may include interconversion of a compound of formula (I) wherein R 3 represents - C ⁇ .
- a yet further example of such an interconversion reaction may include interconversion of a compound of formula (I) wherein R 3 represents a nitro group to a corresponding compound of formula (I) wherein R 3 represents NH 2 , using standard hydrogenation or reductive conditions.
- a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof for use as a pharmaceutical, particularly in the treatment of patients with diseases characterised by elevated ⁇ -amyloid levels or ⁇ - amyloid deposits.
- a compound of formula (I) or a physiologically acceptable salt or solvate thereof for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of patients with diseases characterised by elevated ⁇ -amyloid levels or ⁇ -amyloid deposits.
- a method for the treatment of a human or animal subject with diseases characterised by elevated ⁇ -amyloid levels or ⁇ -amyloid deposits comprises administering to said human or animal subject an effective amount of a compound of formula (I) or a physiologically acceptable salt or solvate thereof.
- a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof for use in the treatment of diseases characterised by elevated ⁇ -amyloid levels or ⁇ -amyloid deposits.
- a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof for use in the treatment of diseases characterised by elevated ⁇ -amyloid levels or ⁇ -amyloid deposits.
- the compounds according to the invention may be formulated for administration in any convenient way, and the invention therefore also includes within its scope pharmaceutical compositions for use in the therapy of diseases characterised by elevated ⁇ -amyloid levels or ⁇ -amyloid deposits, comprising a compound of formula (I) or a physiologically acceptable salt or solvate thereof together, if desirable, with one or more physiologically acceptable diluents or carriers.
- diseases characterised by elevated ⁇ -amyloid levels or ⁇ -amyloid deposits include Alzheimer's disease, mild cognitive impairment, Down's syndrome, hereditary cerebral haemorrhage with ⁇ -amyloidosis of the Dutch type, cerebral ⁇ -amyloid angiopathy and various types of degenerative dementias, such as those associated with Parkinson's disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, cortical basal degeneration and diffuse Lewis body type of Alzheimer's disease.
- the disease characterised by elevated ⁇ -amyloid levels or ⁇ -amyloid deposits is Alzheimer's disease.
- Compounds of formula (I) may be used in combination with other therapeutic agents.
- suitable examples of such other therapeutic agents may be acetylcholine esterase inhibitors (such as tetrahydroaminoacridine, donepezil hydrochloride and rivastigmine), gamma secretase inhibitors, anti-inflammatory agents (such as cyclooxygenase II inhibitors), antioxidants (such as Vitamin E and ginkolidesor), statins or p-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitors (such as cyclosporin A, verapamil, tamoxifen, quinidine, Vitamin E-TGPS, ritonavir, megestrol acetate, progesterone, rapamycin, 10,11-methanodibenzosuberane, phenothiazines, acridine derivatives such as GF120918, FK506, VX-710, LY335979 and PSC-833).
- the compounds When the compounds are used in combination with other therapeutic agents, the compounds may be administered either sequentially or simultaneously by any convenient route.
- the compounds according to the invention may, for example, be formulated for oral, inhaled, intranasal, buccal, enteral, parenteral, topical, sublingual, intrathecal or rectal administration, preferably for oral administration.
- Tablets and capsules for oral administration may contain conventional excipients such as binding agents, for example syrup, acacia, gelatin, sorbitol, tragacanth, mucilage of starch, cellulose or polyvinyl pyrrolidone; fillers, for example, lactose, microcrystalline cellulose, sugar, maize- starch, calcium phosphate or sorbitol; lubricants, for example, magnesium stearate, stearic acid, talc, polyethylene glycol or silica; disintegrants, for example, potato starch, croscarmellose sodium or sodium starch glycollate; or wetting agents such as sodium lauryl sulphate.
- the tablets may be coated according to methods well known in the art.
- Oral liquid preparations may be in the form of, for example, aqueous or oily suspensions, solutions, emulsions, syrups or elixirs, or may be presented as a dry product for constitution with water or other suitable vehicle before use.
- Such liquid preparations may contain conventional additives such as suspending agents, for example, sorbitol syrup, methyl cellulose, glucose/sugar syrup, gelatin, hydroxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, aluminium stearate gel or hydrogenated edible fats; emulsifying agents, for example, lecithin, sorbitan mono-oleate or acacia; non-aqueous vehicles (which may include edible oils), for example almond oil, fractionated coconut oil, oily esters, propylene glycol or ethyl alcohol; or preservatives, for example, methyl or propyl p- hydroxybenzoates or sorbic acid.
- the preparations may also contain buffer salts, flavouring, colouring and/or sweetening
- compositions may take the form of tablets or lozenges formulated in conventional manner.
- the compounds may also be formulated as suppositories, e.g. containing conventional suppository bases such as cocoa butter or other glycerides.
- the compounds according to the invention may also be formulated for parenteral administration by bolus injection or continuous infusion and may be presented in unit dose form, for instance as ampoules, vials, small volume infusions or pre-filled syringes, or in multi- dose containers with an added preservative.
- the compositions may take such forms as solutions, suspensions, or emulsions in aqueous or non-aqueous vehicles, and may contain formulatory agents such as anti-oxidants, buffers, antimicrobial agents and/or tonicity adjusting agents.
- the active ingredient may be in powder form for constitution with a suitable vehicle, e.g. sterile, pyrogen-free water, before use.
- the dry solid presentation may be prepared by filling a sterile powder aseptically into individual sterile containers or by filling a sterile solution aseptically into each container and freeze-drying.
- the compounds of the invention When the compounds of the invention are administered topically they may be presented as a cream, ointment or patch.
- composition may contain from 0.1 % to 99% by weight, preferably from 10 to 60% by weight, of the active material, depending on the method of administration.
- suitable unit doses may be 0.05 to 3000 mg; and such unit doses may be administered more than once a day, for example one, two, three or four times per day (preferably once or twice); and such therapy may extend for a number of weeks, months or years.
- the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hr and then treated with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate containing 10% w/v sodium thiosulphate (5 ml) for 0.5 hr.
- the organic layer was then separated and evaporated in-vacuo.
- Example 2-12 (E2-12) The following compounds have been obtained from the appropriate intermediates according to the general procedure described for the synthesis of Example 1 (E1). In examples 2-5, the deprotection was carried out using tosic acid (ca 30 equivalents) in acetonitrile. The compound of Example 2 was purified using mass-directed auto purification (MDAP) using aqueous acetonitrile and formic acid for the elution.
- MDAP mass-directed auto purification
- Aminomethyl fluorescein (FAM) and tetramethyl rhodamine (TAMRA) are fluorescent molecules which co-operate to emit fluorescence at 535nm upon cleavage of the SEVNLDAEFK peptide.
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Abstract
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US13/314,983 Continuation US8969278B2 (en) | 2005-11-09 | 2011-12-08 | Composition with surface modifying properties |
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