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WO2005036979A1 - Methode de modification de la composition du lait et utilisation de ce lait modifie - Google Patents

Methode de modification de la composition du lait et utilisation de ce lait modifie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005036979A1
WO2005036979A1 PCT/FI2004/000626 FI2004000626W WO2005036979A1 WO 2005036979 A1 WO2005036979 A1 WO 2005036979A1 FI 2004000626 W FI2004000626 W FI 2004000626W WO 2005036979 A1 WO2005036979 A1 WO 2005036979A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
milk
given
calving
raw material
ruminant
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2004/000626
Other languages
English (en)
Finnish (fi)
Inventor
Päivi NURMINEN
Nina Rautonen
Markku Virkki
Juhani Vuorenmaa
Original Assignee
Suomen Rehu Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Suomen Rehu Oy filed Critical Suomen Rehu Oy
Priority to EP04767132A priority Critical patent/EP1679977A1/fr
Publication of WO2005036979A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005036979A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/06—Fungi, e.g. yeasts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/153—Nucleic acids; Hydrolysis products or derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/60—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for weanlings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/06—Fungi, e.g. yeasts
    • A61K36/062—Ascomycota
    • A61K36/064—Saccharomycetales, e.g. baker's yeast
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
    • A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
    • A61P37/04—Immunostimulants

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method as defined in the preamble of claim 1 for modifying the composi- tion of milk, a method as defined in the preamble of claim 2 for increasing milk yield, a method as defined in the preamble of claim 3 for increasing immunity, as well as use of milk as defined in the preamble of claim 12 for promoting growth.
  • milk is used to mean colostrum and milk in general .
  • antibodies are transferred from the mother to the cub via the placenta during pregnancy.
  • ruminants maternal an- tibodies are not transferred through the placenta, making the immunity of a calf weak at the moment of birth.
  • the formation of the passive immunity of a calf is thus totally based on the quality of milk obtained from the mother, specifically the quality of colos- trum.
  • Colostrum is used to mean milk that is obtained from the mother right after calving and 24 hours after the calving at the most.
  • the quality of milk necessary to a newborn calf is used to mean the vitamin and albumen concentrations contained therein, as well as the concentrations of antibodies created in the mother's body, which antibodies protect the calf from infections.
  • immoglobuline G is the most common one, and its effect on the protection of the calf and the mother against the diseases and infections caused by .pathogenic organisms has been widely examined.
  • the milk of ruminants contains very small amounts of immunoglobuline A, D, E and M.
  • immunoglobuline A D, E and M.
  • Traditionally there has been an attempt to improve the quality of milk by increasing the vitamin amounts of the feeding of ruminants during pregnancy, specifically the amount of E vitamin.
  • the amounts of antibodies of milk have also been increased by vaccinating, i.e. by immunising the ruminant by an antigen which induces the production of the antibody in the ruminant .
  • US patent application 2003/0074676 Al discloses a method for increasing the IgA concentration of a ruminant and its milk by immunising the ruminant with the desired antigen.
  • pregnant ru- minants are given antigen at least via two different routes, such as by infusion into the udder, abdominal cavity, or intravenously, to achieve the immunity effect.
  • the ruminant is given antigen via a third route, which is selected from the three routes referred to above, and which is different than the two routes previously used.
  • the IgA- rich milk thus obtained is utilised in preparing pharmaceutical, cosmetic and/or veterinary compositions, as well as food products and/or food additives.
  • a problem with the use of prior-art immunisation methods is the complicated medicinal procedures required by the method, which the breeder himself/herself is not able to perform, the workload required by the method and duration of the method. Moreover, to enhance the immunisation, additional vaccinations are recommended.
  • the objective of the invention is to disclose a novel and simpler method for increasing the concentration of the immunofactors of a ruminant's milk by giving the ruminant a hydrolytically processed yeast raw material. Moreover, the objective of the invention is to disclose a method for increasing the milk yield of a ruminant after calving, as well as a method for increasing the ruminant ' s immunity which was reduced after calving by giving the ruminant a hydrolytically processed yeast raw material .
  • the objective of the invention is to disclose use of milk prepared according to the method of the invention for promoting the growth of animals, specifically the growth of calves.
  • the invention is based on research work carried out, in conjunction with which it was surprisingly found out that the concentration of the immuno- factors of milk correlated with the growth, specifically the growth of calves, and that the concentration of the immunofactors in milk could be increased by giving the ruminant a hydrolytically processed yeast raw material in conjunction with the feeding, e.g. in fodder.
  • the hydrolytic yeast raw material accelerated the restoration of the immunity response after calving and improved the milk yield.
  • ruminants are given a hydrolytically processed yeast raw material in an amount which increases the concentration of the immunofactors of milk.
  • Immunofactors of milk include immunoglobuli- nes (IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG and IgM) , proline-rich pro- teins (PRP) , lactoferrine, glycoproteins, lactalbu- mens, sytocines, lycozymes, enzymes, leucocytes, nu- cleotides and/or other corresponding milk immunofac- tors.
  • immunoglobu- line A (IgA) serves as the immunofactor.
  • the yeast raw material can be any known yeast, such as e.g.
  • a hydrolytically processed yeast material is used to mean a yeast raw material which is processed such that the cell structure thereof opens, i.e. degrades.
  • the cell structure can be decomposed e.g. by means of acid, base and/or autolysis and/or enzymati- cally.
  • the cell structure of yeast can also be decomposed by thermal treatment, by means of a detergent and/or by subjecting the cell structure to a mechani- cal, hydrostatic and/or pneumatic force. The treatment is used to increase the effective concentration of oligo and/or polysaccharides, betaglucane and/or proteins on the surface of insoluble cell structures and/or to release the aforementioned components.
  • the acids to be used can include e.g. conventional mineral acids, such as hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, etc., as well as strong organic acids, e.g. formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, etc.
  • the pH range to be used in acid hydrolysis can be less than 4, e.g. 2 to 4.
  • the alkalis can include e.g. conventional alkali hydroxides, such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, etc., ammonium hydroxide or other alkalis which release oligo and/or polysaccharides.
  • Enzymes to be used in enzymatic hydrolysis include e.g.
  • proteases e.g. acid and alka- lic proteases.
  • hydrolysis it is possible to use e.g. the enzyme contained in brewery yeast itself, whereby the hydrolysis is performed via autolysis. Further, it is possible to use in the hydrolysis other added enzymes, proteases, ribonucleases and deami- nases.
  • enzymatic treatment it is also possible to use a combination of several enzymes, simultaneously and/or consecutively, e.g. papaine, ribonuclease and/or deaminase.
  • yeast can be heated to a temperature of more than 40°C, in autolysis and enzymatic hydrolysis e.g. to 40-65°C and in acid and alkali hydrolysis e.g. to 70-95°C.
  • the duration of the heating can vary depending on the temperature, e.g. 1-12 h.
  • Hydrolytic decomposition of yeasts has been described e.g. in patent publication and application WO 96/38057 and GB 1032687.
  • yeast raw material product is specifically the obtained non- fractioned product as such, or an insoluble or soluble fraction.
  • yeast raw material can be filtered before the hydrolytic processing.
  • a hydrolytically processed yeast raw material can be given to a ruminant in conjunction with feeding. It can be given together with a fodder, such as a coarse, concentrated and/or drink fodder or mixed in the fodder.
  • the aforementioned yeast raw material can be given to a ruminant before calving, e.g. 1-4 weeks, preferably about two weeks before calving.
  • the aforementioned yeast raw material Before calving, the aforementioned yeast raw material can be given in an amount of 0.1-0.3%, preferably 0.14-0.25% and more preferably 0.2% of a daily portion, calculated in dry matter.
  • the aforementioned yeast raw material can be given to a ruminant also after calving, e.g. 2-12 weeks, preferably 5-10 weeks after calving.
  • the milk prepared according to the present invention can be used for promoting the growth, specifically the growth of calves.
  • the colostrum prepared according to the in- vention whose concentration of immunofactors has been increased by means of a hydrolytically processed yeast raw material, is given to a calf right after the birth, usually within 0-12 hours, more preferably 0-6 hours from the birth.
  • the colostrum/milk prepared ac- cording to the invention is given to a calf in the initial phase of breeding, till the age of about 4-14 days. One can proceed with giving the milk till the age of 4-5 weeks.
  • calves can be fed with any conventional drink, concen- trated and coarse fodder.
  • An advantage of the present invention is better milk in respect of its properties and effects.
  • the invention it is possible, simply by means of the mother's feeding, to increase the concen- tration of the immunofactors of colostrum.
  • the colostrum prepared in accordance with the invention which colostrum has an increased concentration of immunofactors, the growth and immunity of the calf are promoted at the same time, as is known.
  • the method of the invention does not require any specific measures deviating from the everyday routine measures, instead a hydrolytically processed yeast raw material can be given to the animal in conjunction with the feeding, e.g. in fodder. Further by giving the animal a hydrolytically processed yeast raw material, the milk yield after the mother's calving can be considerably increased.
  • Fig. la illustrates the effect of feeding on the IgA concentration of colostrum
  • Fig. lb illustrates the effect of feeding on the IgA concentration of milk, wherein the amount of IgA being secreted into milk has been calculated in relation to the energy-corrected yield
  • Fig. lc illustrates the growth of a calf during week 3-5 with respect to the IgA concentration of Oh colostrum
  • Fig. 2a illustrates the IgA concentration of the serum of the milk vein after the mother's calving
  • Fig. 2b illustrates the milk yield (energy- corrected) after the mother's calving.
  • Example 1 In the test, the effect of a hydrolytically processed yeast raw material on the IgA concentration of a ruminant ' s milk, milk yield and immunity was examined. Moreover, the effect of the aforementioned milk on the growth of calves was examined.
  • Hydrolytically processed yeast raw material As the yeast raw material, brewery yeast was used which was mechanically filtered using a fine filter by vibrating the filter plates by a micro vibrator at a high frequency. The filtered brewery yeast was hydrolysed using acid. In the hydrolysis, the pH of the yeast sludge was maintained at a value of 2-3 using a strong acid (4 h) and at a temperature of 70- 85°C. Then the pH was raised to a value of 4-5 and the product thus obtained was cooled.
  • test arrangement and feeding In a test farm, 23 mothers participated in the examination, which mothers calved within two months from the starting date of the test . The mothers were divided into three different feeding groups on a random basis. The ones included in the first group (8) were given conventional concentrated fodder with an addition of a hydrolytically processed yeast raw mate- rial (test fodder) during the test. The ones included in the two other groups (7+8) were given two different types of conventional concentrated fodder (control fodder) . No differences were found out between the effects of the control fodders, so the results of the mothers included in these groups were combined into one control group (15 altogether) when dealing with the results.
  • the feeding of the test fodders was started two weeks before the estimated calving time, and one proceeded with the feeding for eight weeks after the calving.
  • the test fodder comprised 0.2% yeast preparation of a daily portion, calculated in dry matter, before the calving, and correspondingly 0.04-0.06% during the examination time after the calving.
  • the calves which were born were divided into concentrated fodder groups according to birth order. The calves were given milk for 4 days and after that whole milk that was soured with formic acid until the age of 14 days. After this, the calves were given soured drink fodder for three days in stages. The calves were weaned from the drink fodder at the age of 8 weeks.
  • the calves were given concentrated fodder and hay.
  • the calves were weekly weighed, in the beginning and at the end of the test in two consecutive days.
  • the effect on the growth was evaluated at the age of 3-5 weeks, whereby the variation caused by the changes in the feeding did not affect the result .
  • the daily growth was obtained by dividing the change in the weight by the number of days of the test period. Determinations of the IgA concentration
  • colostrum and milk samples were collected 0, 6 and 24 hours from the calving, and 1, 4 and 8 weeks from the calving, and the IgA concentrations of the samples were determined. The results are shown in Figs, la and lb.
  • Fig. 2a In addition to the IgA concentration of milk, the healthiness and welfare of the mother were followed. The improvement of the immunity response after the mother's calving was followed by measuring the IgA concentrations of the mother's milk vein serum 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 8 weeks after the calving. The results of weeks 1, 4 and 8 are shown in Fig. 2a.
  • a commercial ELISA determination (Bethyl Laboratories Inc., Montgomery, TX, USA) was used. The milk samples were first treated with a 1% BSA buffer and centrifuged (50000 g) for fifteen minutes. The serum and milk samples were diluted right into the buffer without preliminary treatment. Milk yield The mother's milk yield was measured each time when milking. The yield result 1, 3, 4, 6 and 8 weeks after the calving is shown in Fig. 2b.
  • the examination also showed that the improved composition of colostrum obtained by means of the mother's feeding in accordance with the invention af- fected the calf's passive immunity, increasing the antibody levels of serum, which is important from the standpoint of the calf's health.
  • Immunity response and milk yield of the mother The results of Fig. 2a show that the immunity response of the mothers in the test group reached the normal level faster than that of the mothers included in the control group.
  • the IgA concentrations of the serum of the mother were strongly decreased and were at their lowest about a week or two after the calving, after which the levels started to raise.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention concerne une méthode pour augmenter la concentration des immunofacteurs du lait, une méthode pour augmenter le rendement laitier d'un ruminant après le vêlage, et une méthode pour augmenter l'immunité d'un ruminant après le vêlage. Ces méthodes font appel à une matière première constituée de levure hydrolytiquement traitée. En particulier, l'invention concerne l'utilisation de lait préparé par la méthode de l'invention, ce lait favorisant la croissance.
PCT/FI2004/000626 2003-10-21 2004-10-21 Methode de modification de la composition du lait et utilisation de ce lait modifie WO2005036979A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04767132A EP1679977A1 (fr) 2003-10-21 2004-10-21 Methode de modification de la composition du lait et utilisation de ce lait modifie

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FI20031538 2003-10-21
FI20031538A FI116904B (fi) 2003-10-21 2003-10-21 Menetelmä maidon koostumuksen muuttamiseksi ja maidon käyttö

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WO2005036979A1 true WO2005036979A1 (fr) 2005-04-28

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1688824A1 (ru) * 1989-02-10 1991-11-07 Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский Институт Биотехнологии Заменитель цельного молока дл молодн ка сельскохоз йственных животных
US5478559A (en) * 1991-01-15 1995-12-26 National Federation Of Agricultural Cooperative Associations Method and composition for increasing body weight and stimulating immune systems
RU2145479C1 (ru) * 1997-11-24 2000-02-20 Дальневосточный научно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйства Премикс для коров (варианты)
WO2002091850A1 (fr) * 2001-05-14 2002-11-21 Suomen Rehu Oy Procede de production d'un additif alimentaire, additif alimentaire et utilisation correspondante
US20030074676A1 (en) * 1997-05-29 2003-04-17 Agresearch Limited Processes for production of immunoglobulin a in milk
RU2229243C1 (ru) * 2002-09-02 2004-05-27 Кононов Владимир Николаевич Способ получения кормовой добавки

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1688824A1 (ru) * 1989-02-10 1991-11-07 Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский Институт Биотехнологии Заменитель цельного молока дл молодн ка сельскохоз йственных животных
US5478559A (en) * 1991-01-15 1995-12-26 National Federation Of Agricultural Cooperative Associations Method and composition for increasing body weight and stimulating immune systems
US20030074676A1 (en) * 1997-05-29 2003-04-17 Agresearch Limited Processes for production of immunoglobulin a in milk
RU2145479C1 (ru) * 1997-11-24 2000-02-20 Дальневосточный научно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйства Премикс для коров (варианты)
WO2002091850A1 (fr) * 2001-05-14 2002-11-21 Suomen Rehu Oy Procede de production d'un additif alimentaire, additif alimentaire et utilisation correspondante
RU2229243C1 (ru) * 2002-09-02 2004-05-27 Кононов Владимир Николаевич Способ получения кормовой добавки

Non-Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Week 1991107, Derwent World Patents Index; Class D13, AN 1992-267231, XP002983281 *
HUHTANEN P. ET AL.: "The influence of molasses and yeast culture on the performance of growing bulls on grass silage-based diet", JOURNAL OF ANIMAL AND FEED SCIENCES, vol. 5, 1996, pages 201 - 214, XP002983280 *
KORHONEN HANNU ET AL.: "Bovine milk antibodies for health", BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION, vol. 84, no. SUPPL.1, 2000, pages S135 - S146, XP002983282 *
PIVA G. ET AL.: "Effects of yeast on diary cow performance, ruminal fermentation, blood components, and milk manufacturing properties 1", J. DIARY SCI., vol. 76, 1993, pages 2717 - 2722, XP000396658 *
SINGH PRITPAL ET AL.: "Experimental candidal mastitis in goats: clinical, hematological, biochemical and sequential pathological studies", MYCOPATHOLOGIA, vol. 140, 1998, pages 89 - 97, XP002983283 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI116904B (fi) 2006-03-31
FI20031538L (fi) 2005-04-22
FI20031538A0 (fi) 2003-10-21
EP1679977A1 (fr) 2006-07-19

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