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WO2005091093A1 - Procede et dispositif de commande numerique - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de commande numerique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005091093A1
WO2005091093A1 PCT/JP2004/003630 JP2004003630W WO2005091093A1 WO 2005091093 A1 WO2005091093 A1 WO 2005091093A1 JP 2004003630 W JP2004003630 W JP 2004003630W WO 2005091093 A1 WO2005091093 A1 WO 2005091093A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tool
axis
rotatable
end point
point
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2004/003630
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Katsuhide Sekikawa
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha filed Critical Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha
Priority to PCT/JP2004/003630 priority Critical patent/WO2005091093A1/fr
Publication of WO2005091093A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005091093A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/41—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by interpolation, e.g. the computation of intermediate points between programmed end points to define the path to be followed and the rate of travel along that path
    • G05B19/4103—Digital interpolation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/36—Nc in input of data, input key till input tape
    • G05B2219/36352—Select tool as function of part shape, number of grooves and groove width
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/49—Nc machine tool, till multiple
    • G05B2219/49119—Machine arc of circumference, as groove, cylindrical interpolation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a numerical control method and an apparatus therefor, and more particularly to a method and an apparatus for numerically controlling a machine tool for cutting a groove having a predetermined cross-sectional shape in a workpiece using a cutting tool.
  • NC devices Numerical control devices (hereinafter referred to as NC devices) control the position of a tool with respect to a work with a numerical value corresponding to the position, and process the work.
  • the object can be processed easily and with high precision, and the productivity can be further improved.
  • a cutting tool having a cutting edge shape matching the groove shape is attached to a main shaft (Z axis) of a machine tool.
  • the work is mounted on the X-Y axis table, and the machine tool is controlled by an NC unit to cut it. .
  • Such a cutting method is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-228547.
  • a tool is formed such that the center of the cutting edge thereof coincides with the center axis of the main shaft of the machine tool. Attach the tool so that the center of the cutting edge coincides with the center axis of the C-axis of the main shaft of the machine tool, and mount a peak on the X-Y-axis table.
  • the workpiece is grooved by controlling the rotation angle of the main shaft around the c-axis so that the right angle is always maintained.
  • Hei 8-118205 when cutting the side surface of a work with a hale bite, the cutting edge of a tool attached to the main shaft is offset with respect to the C-axis center axis of the main shaft of the machine tool. As shown in Fig. 2, this is a control method in which the tip of the tool edge has an offset with respect to the center of the C-axis when cutting a groove with a predetermined cross-sectional shape on the workpiece as shown in Fig. 2.
  • the technology disclosed in JP-A-8-118205 is applied to control I can't. Disclosure of the invention
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problem, and when a tool having a cutting edge having a predetermined cross-sectional shape is formed on a workpiece using a tool having a cutting edge that matches the shape of the groove to be cut, the tip of the tool blade tip is inserted into the tool. It is an object of the present invention to obtain a numerical control method and a numerical control method capable of performing extremely high-precision machining (machining closer to a program command) even when an offset is provided with respect to the center of the mounted shaft. .
  • the present invention has been made to solve such a problem.
  • a numerical control method for performing a predetermined groove machining on a work by numerically controlling a machine tool having a tool mounted on a rotatable shaft,
  • the position of the cutting edge of the tool based on the center line of the possible axis is input in advance as tool offset information, and the cutting edge point is used as a reference point of a program movement command based on the tool offset information, and the next movement from the current position is performed.
  • the correction amount and the tool offset of the tool edge angle of the tool mounted on the rotatable axis to turn the front of the tool to the next movement command end point centering on the tool tip point
  • the rotatable axis is a C axis
  • the linearly moving axes other than the rotatable axis are an X axis and a Y axis.
  • the posture control is performed for each curve interpolation.
  • the rotatable axis is the C axis
  • the linear movement axes other than the rotatable axis are the X axis and the Y axis.
  • the apparatus is provided with means for performing the attitude control for each curve interpolation.
  • means for performing the attitude control for each curve interpolation is provided in the interpolation unit.
  • a tool having a cutting edge that matches the shape of the groove to be cut is used. Even with an offset from the center, extremely high-precision machining (machining closer to a program command) can be performed.
  • FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a tool movement trajectory by tool tip point tangent control according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a preferred machining example in which tool tip point tangent control according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is used.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a mounting configuration of a tool (bite) according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a shaft configuration diagram of an applicable machine tool according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a numerical control device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing advance preparations according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of tool tip point tangent control according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the tip point of the cutting edge and the center point of the C-axis of the cutting tool according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a view for explaining a specific processing method of tool tip point tangent control according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing interpolation of a curve according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a procedure of tool tip point tangent control according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9.
  • an outline of the invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 in order to facilitate understanding of the invention.
  • the present invention uses a tool having a cutting edge that matches the groove shape to be cut, and performs shape cutting on the plane of the work 21 with the cutting tool 22.
  • a machining groove 23 having a predetermined cross-sectional shape is formed in 21, as shown in FIG. 1, cutting is performed while controlling the posture so that the front face 31 of the cutting edge of the tool 22 always faces the next movement command end point (hereinafter, referred to as the following).
  • Tool tip point tangent control In Fig. 1, reference numeral 37 denotes a locus specified by the machining program. In the example of tangent control at the tool tip point shown in Fig. 1, the tool entered from a is swung to the right and the C-axis center line 32 is moved outward. This is an example in which cutting is performed at the cutting edge front 31 while aligning the tool tip point 35 with the travel vector.
  • machining is performed using a machine tool (X-axis 41, Y-axis 42, Z-axis (spindle) 43, and rotatable C-axis 44) as shown in Fig. 4.
  • a tool 22 is mounted on the X-axis 41-Y-axis 42 table while a tool 22 is attached to the tip of the center of the axis.
  • the tip point 35 has an offset with respect to the center of the C-axis of the Z-axis, and a tool that can perform machining as shown in Fig. 2) is attached, and the work 21 is attached to the X-axis 41-Y-axis 42 table. Attach.
  • FIG. 3 (a) is a front view when the tool 22 is mounted on the Z-axis 43, (b) is a right side view of (a), (c) is a top view of (a), and Is the front of the cutting edge, 32 is the center line of the C axis of the Z axis 43, 33 is the width offset from the center line 32 of the C axis, 34 is the depth offset from the center line 32 of the C axis, and CD is the front direction of the cutting edge.
  • the X-axis 41, the Y-axis 42, and the C-axis 44 of the machine tool on which the tool 22 and the work 21 are mounted are NC-controlled so that the front end 31 of the tool 22 can be moved in the traveling direction. And cut it.
  • the cutting direction changes like the machining groove 23 in FIG. 2, as shown in FIG.
  • Move the axis center line 32 Because the machine tool shown in Fig.
  • the X-axis 41 and Y-axis are actually By moving the workpiece 42 and moving the workpiece 21, the C-axis center line 32 is relatively moved), and by rotating the C-axis by a predetermined angle, the front face 31 of the cutting edge also moves in the traveling direction according to the change. Turn to match.
  • the operation of moving the buttocks opposite to the next cutting direction around the tool tip point 35 and then cutting is very similar to the situation where a groove is carved with a chisel of a print.
  • the flow of processing inside the NC device 1 that performs this tool tip point tangent control is as shown in FIG. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, setting data such as NC machining programs, offset data, and parameters input from a man-machine interface (MMI) 2 such as a display device and a keyboard are input / output data processing units. Stored in memory 4 via 3.
  • MMI man-machine interface
  • the machining program stored in the memory 4 is analyzed by the machining program analysis processing unit 5 as in the conventional case. If the analysis data analyzed by the machining program analysis processing unit 5 is a tool tip point tangent control command (commanded by a G code such as G141 in the machining program), the tool tip point tangent control is performed. The movement data (movement data such as X-axis, Y-axis, C-axis commands, etc.) specified by the machining program is corrected and output to the interpolation processing unit 6. In addition, when the tool tip point tangent control end command (for example, G141.1 is commanded in the machining program) is analyzed, data for terminating the tool tip point tangent control is output to the interpolation processing unit 6. The detailed operation of the machining program analysis processing unit 5 will be described later.
  • the interpolation processing unit 6 creates axis interpolation data based on the data analyzed (and generated) by the machining program analysis processing unit 5, and performs axis control processing. Output to part 7.
  • the axis control processing section 7 performs acceleration / deceleration processing, etc., outputs the signals to the servo amplifier & the main axis amplifier 9, and controls the servo motor 10 to control the X, Y, and Z axes, and the main spindle motor 11 to control the C axis. Drive. '
  • the data processed by the machining program analysis processing unit 5 is an auxiliary command (M command)
  • the data is passed to the machine control processing unit 12 as in the conventional case, and the ladder processing unit 14
  • the machine controls (ATC control, coolant ON / OFF, etc.) by the action of the PLC interface 13 and DI / DO control unit (digital I / O control unit) 15.
  • DI / DO control unit digital I / O control unit
  • the tool 22 shown in FIG. 3 is attached to the Z-axis 43 of the machine tool shown in FIG. 4 (step 61), and then the measurement function of the NC device 1 is used.
  • offset amounts 33 and 34 from the C-axis center line 32 are obtained (step 62) and stored in the memory 4 of the NC device 1.
  • the blade front direction CD is input to the memory 4 (step 63). Note that the blade front direction CD is input at an angle from a certain reference position (for example, the A position in FIG. 3 (c)).
  • FIG. 7 the tool tip point tangent control performed by the machining program analysis processing unit 5 will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 9.
  • FIG. 7 the tool tip point tangent control performed by the machining program analysis processing unit 5 will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 9.
  • the flowchart in FIG. 7 shows processing when the machining program analysis processing unit 5 reads a tool tip point tangent control command and is in a tool tip point tangent control mode.
  • the tool offset amounts 33 and 34 are read out from the memory 4 Based on the tool offset amounts 33, 34 of the above, the tool tip point 35 is used as the reference for the program movement command (step 71).
  • the reference point can be represented by PB (X-OW, Y-OD).
  • Step 72 the next movement command is input from the machining program, and the movement position is obtained (Step 72).
  • data approximating the arc with minute line segments (straight lines) is given in advance by the CAD / CAM device.
  • step 73 it is determined whether or not the program has ended (tool tip point tangent control end command) (step 73), and if the program has ended, the process ends (step 77).
  • step 74 the correction amount based on the cutting edge correction angle and the tool offset is calculated using the vector from the current position to the next movement end point (step 74).
  • the moving direction ⁇ ⁇ is obtained from the coordinates of the next cutting edge moving point P based on the current position B (X1, Y1).
  • Y2 ' X2 * SIN ( ⁇ -CD) + Y2 * COS ( ⁇ -CD)
  • the front of the cutting edge can be directed to the movement end point.
  • a program movement command is executed to move to the end point (step 76). This By repeating this until the program ends, it is possible to obtain the trajectory of the tangent control of the tool tip point as shown in Fig. 1. Example 2.
  • FIG. 10 Next, a second embodiment will be described mainly with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11.
  • the second embodiment is an example in which the tool tip point tangent control as shown in FIG. 1 is performed by the interpolation processing unit 6 instead of the processing program analysis processing unit 5 in FIG.
  • Fig. 10 (a) if a curve command (arc command) from the current position 101 to the next position 102 is given in the tool tip point tangent control mode, the curve command The processor 6 approximates the curve by dividing it into minute points and connecting each point with a straight line as shown in Fig. 10 (b). I do.
  • FIG. 11 shows an operation flow of the NC device in this case.
  • a curve command for example, G02 (03) Xx Yy Ii Jj Ff;, G02 (03): G code for circular interpolation, Xx Yy: End point coordinates, Ii Jj: Arc center coordinates, Given Ff: feed rate
  • the machining program analysis processing unit 5 analyzes the curved line command data and obtains the tool tip point contact as described in the first embodiment.
  • the analysis data is passed to the interpolation unit 6 (without performing line control) (step 1 1 1).
  • the interpolation unit 6 determines the end point position of the curve command based on the commanded data and the current position (step 1 12).
  • the curve is partly divided into small portions (interpolation units) from the starting point to a predetermined distance (interpolation unit), and a curve approximation is performed by connecting the divided points with a straight line.
  • the amount of movement of the divided minute line is calculated (step 114).
  • the tool tip point tangent control described in the first embodiment is performed for each minute line segment (step 1 15), and the movement command is executed (step 1 16). Step 6 is repeated until the end point of the arc.
  • the numerical control method and the numerical control apparatus according to the present invention are suitable for the numerical control method and the numerical control method used for machining the shape on a plane with a bite tool or the like.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Numerical Control (AREA)

Abstract

Il est prévu un procédé et un dispositif de commande numérique capable de réaliser un traitement extrêmement précis même lorsque la pointe de lame d’un outil de découpe est décalé du centre d’arbre sur lequel un outil de découpe est enfilé, lorsqu’une rainure de section transversale spécifiée est découpée dans une pièce d’usinage en utilisant l’outil de découpe dont la pointe de lame correspond à la forme de la rainure à découper, tandis que la position de la pointe de lame de l’outil de découpe en référence à la ligne médiane de l’arbre rotatif est saisie au préalable comme informations de décalage d’outil, l’extrémité de la pointe de la lame sert de point de référence pour une instruction de déplacement sur la base des informations de décalage d'outil, le degré de correction de l’angle de la pointe de lame de l'outil de découpe enfilé sur l’arbre rotatif et un degré de correction lié au décalage de l'outil de découpe pour effectuer le mouvement, autour d’une extrémité de la pointe de la lame, de la face avant d’un couteau vers un point final suivant d’instruction de mouvement sont obtenus sur la base d’un vecteur à partir de la position actuelle par rapport au point final suivant d'instruction de mouvement, et sur la base de ces degrés de correction, l’arbre rotatif tourne et les axes X et Y sont déplacés pour contrôler l’attitude du couteau pour faire face, autour de l’extrémité de la pointe de la lame, à la face avant du couteau en direction du point final suivant d'instruction de mouvement avant l’exécution de l’instruction de mouvement.
PCT/JP2004/003630 2004-03-18 2004-03-18 Procede et dispositif de commande numerique WO2005091093A1 (fr)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115605816A (zh) * 2020-05-14 2023-01-13 发那科株式会社（Jp） 机床的控制装置、控制系统

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03228547A (ja) * 1990-11-29 1991-10-09 Makino Milling Mach Co Ltd 切削加工方法
US5765976A (en) * 1994-10-24 1998-06-16 Toshiba Kikai Kabushiki Kaisha Method of controlling the normal direction of the main shaft of the numerical control machine tool

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03228547A (ja) * 1990-11-29 1991-10-09 Makino Milling Mach Co Ltd 切削加工方法
US5765976A (en) * 1994-10-24 1998-06-16 Toshiba Kikai Kabushiki Kaisha Method of controlling the normal direction of the main shaft of the numerical control machine tool

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115605816A (zh) * 2020-05-14 2023-01-13 发那科株式会社（Jp） 机床的控制装置、控制系统

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