WO2005090349A1 - 4’−c−置換−2−ハロアデノシン誘導体 - Google Patents
4’−c−置換−2−ハロアデノシン誘導体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005090349A1 WO2005090349A1 PCT/JP2005/005374 JP2005005374W WO2005090349A1 WO 2005090349 A1 WO2005090349 A1 WO 2005090349A1 JP 2005005374 W JP2005005374 W JP 2005005374W WO 2005090349 A1 WO2005090349 A1 WO 2005090349A1
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 181
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H19/00—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof
- C07H19/02—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof sharing nitrogen
- C07H19/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only nitrogen atoms as ring hetero atom
- C07H19/16—Purine radicals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
- A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
- A61P31/18—Antivirals for RNA viruses for HIV
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a 4 ′ C -substituted 2-haloadenosine derivative and its pharmaceutical use, particularly AIDS
- AZT Zidovudine
- ddl Zidanocine
- ddC Zalcitabine
- d4T Stavudine
- 3TC Long Term Evolution
- NRTIs nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
- HAART highly active an tiretroviral therapy
- HIV-1 human immunodeficiency virus-1
- AZT AZT It was reported that 42% of HIV-infected patients who were resistant to both HIV and 3TC were rare in early 1990, compared with 1995-1996.
- Non-Patent Document 1 Nucleic Acids Symp Ser, Jan 2000; (44): 105-6.
- Non-Patent Document 2 J Med Chem, Nov 2000; 43 (23): 4516-25
- Non-patent document 3 Curr Drug Targets Infect Disord, May 2001; 1 (1): 1-10
- Non-patent document 4 Antimicrob.Agents Chemother., May 2001; 45: 1539-1546
- Non-Patent Document 5 Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids, May 2003; 22 (5-8): 887-9.
- Non-Patent Document 6 Chem. Pharm. Bull., 42 (1994), pl688
- Non-Patent Document 7 J. Med.Chem., 39 (1996), p3847
- Non-patent document 8 Bioorg Med Chem Lett, Nov 2003; 13 (21): 3775-7
- Patent document 1 WO00 / 69876
- Patent Document 2 WO00Z69877
- Patent Document 3 WO03Z68796
- the present inventors have developed a 4'-C-etulpurine nucleoside derivative and a 4'-I-C-sialic acid which show particularly excellent anti-HIV activity among various 4, -C-substituted nucleosides in vitro.
- the toxicity of the nopurine nucleoside derivative was evaluated.
- (1) 2,6-diaminopurine derivatives and guanine derivatives showing the strongest anti-HIV activity show toxicity in vitro and in vivo
- (2) low toxicity, and adenine derivatives show in blood It was evident that adenosine deaminase promptly converted it into a hypoxanthine derivative and reduced its anti-HIV activity.
- the present inventors aimed at further improving the selection coefficient (cytotoxic concentration Z anti-HIV activity concentration) and imparting resistance to inactivation by adenocin deaminase with various 4'C-positions.
- the substituted purine nucleosides 4,1-C-substituted 2'-deoxyadenosine, which exhibits strong anti-HIV activity and has low toxicity, is used as a lead compound, and a large number of such compounds can be obtained by chemically modifying the lead conjugate.
- Non-Patent Documents 6 and 7 Conventionally, with respect to imparting resistance to inactivation by adenosine deaminase, introduction of an electron-withdrawing halogen atom into position 2 of the base of the adenosine derivative makes the adenosine deaminase slightly resistant to adenosine deaminase.
- Non-Patent Documents 6 and 7 there is no suggestion about improvement of the selectivity coefficient by the introduction of halogen atoms.
- Only the introduction of an ethyl group at the 4-position of d4T stavudine; 2,3,1-didehydro-3, -deoxythymidine
- Non-patent document 8 adenosine derivatives that are purine-based nucleosides having significantly different basic skeletons could not be expected to have the same effect, and were not helpful at all.
- the present invention further develops this finding, and synthesizes various 4 ′ C-substituted 2-haloadenosine derivatives having 2-haloadenine as a nucleic acid base and having an ethur group or a cyano group at the 4-position of the sugar moiety. It was completed by confirming its activity.
- the present invention comprises a 4 ′ C-substituted 2-haloadenosine derivative represented by the following formula [ ⁇ ], [ ⁇ ] or [III], and the derivative and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
- the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising:
- X represents a halogen atom
- R 1 represents an ethur group or a cyano group
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom, phosphoric acid, or a derivative residue thereof.
- the present invention also relates to a method for treating AIDS, which comprises administering the above 4 ′ C-substituted 2-haloadenosine derivative or a pharmaceutical composition containing the same to animals including humans.
- the compound of the present invention can be used, for example, in a 2'-deoxy 4 ' 2-fluoro-2-adenosine is multi-drug resistant that has resistance to multiple anti-HIV agents such as AZT, ddl, ddC, d4T, and 3TC, which not only provides resistance to inactivation by adenosine deaminase It is also effective against virus strains and has an unexpectedly increased anti-HIV activity 144-fold compared to the anti-HIV activity of 2'-doxy-4'C-etul-adenosine, a lead compound, while increasing its potential. It was found that cytotoxicity was significantly reduced. As a result, the selectivity coefficient of this compound was 110,000, which was a surprising result far exceeding 1,630 of the conventional 2'-deoxy-4,1-C-ethyl-adenosine (EdAdo).
- the compound of the present invention has an excellent anti-HIV effect, particularly, is also effective against multidrug-resistant HIV strains having resistance to multiple drugs such as AZT, DDI, DDC, D4T, and 3TC. It is also useful as a pharmaceutical, especially as a drug for AIDS, because it has a low toxicity and is resistant to inactivation by adenosine deaminase.
- FIG. 1 shows the stability of a compound in a deamination reaction by adenosine deaminase.
- the closed squares indicate the results of the compound of the present invention 2'-dexoxy-4,1-C-ethyl-2,2-fluoroadenosine, and the closed circles indicate the results of the known 2'-dexoxy-4, -C-etulene adenosine. .
- FIG. 2 shows the stability of the compound of the present invention 2′-deoxy 4′C-ethyl-2fluoroadenosine under acidic conditions.
- FIG. 3 shows the stability of known 2 ′, 3′-dideoxyadenosine (ddAdo) under acidic conditions.
- FIG. 4 shows the change in body weight of mice after administration of Compound 2′-Doxy-4,1-C-ethyl-2,2-fluoroadenosine of the present invention.
- Graph A in FIG. 4 shows the result at the time of oral administration
- graph B shows the result at the time of intravenous administration.
- the circles in each graph indicate a placebo, and the triangles and squares indicate the results when the dose was 30 mgZkg and 100 mgZkg, respectively.
- the compound of the present invention is represented by the above formula [ ⁇ ], [ ⁇ ] or [III].
- R 2 Examples of the phosphoric acid or its derivative residues include phosphoric acid residues, diphosphate residues, triphosphate residues, phosphonic acid residues, and polyesters such as diesters and triesters, and amidates such as monoamidates and diamidates. , Thioate, selenoate, boranoate, and the like.
- the halogen atom for X include a bromine atom, an iodine atom, a fluorine atom and a chlorine atom.
- R 2 is a hydrogen atom or a phosphonic acid residue
- X is a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom
- R 1 is an ethynyl group
- a compound that satisfies a plurality can be exemplified as a suitable compound. Specifically, the following compounds can be mentioned.
- the compound of the present invention may be in the form of a salt, hydrate or solvate.
- a salt include an acid adduct such as a hydrochloride or a sulfate when R 2 is a hydrogen atom, and a sodium, potassium or lithium salt when R 2 is a phosphate residue.
- Pharmaceutically acceptable such as alkali metal salts such as calcium salts, alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium salts, etc. Any salts that are acceptable are exemplified.
- Examples of the hydrate or solvate include those in which 0.1 to 3.0 molecules of water or a solvent are attached to one molecule of the compound of the present invention or a salt thereof. Further, the compounds of the present invention may include various isomers such as tautomers.
- the compound [I] of the present invention can be produced by the steps described below.
- the first step is a step of protecting the 3′-hydroxyl group and the 5′-hydroxyl group of the compound represented by the formula [IV] to obtain a compound represented by the formula [V].
- R 1 represents an ethur group or a cyano group.
- the protecting group for the 3 ′, 5 ′ hydroxyl group represented by P may be any one which is commonly used as a protecting group for a hydroxyl group, such as an ether-based protecting group, an acyl-based protecting group, a silyl-based protecting group, and an acetal.
- Examples include a system protecting group. More specifically, ether-based protecting groups include methyl ether, tertiary butyl ether, benzyl ether, methoxybenzyl ether, and trityl ether; and acyl-based protecting groups include acetyl, benzoyl, and vivaloyl.
- T-Butyldimethylsilyl, t-butyldifluorosilyl, trimethylsilyl, triethylsilyl, etc. are used as protecting groups, and isopropylidene, ethylidene, methylidene, benzylidene, benzylidene, tetrahydroviral, methoxymethyl, etc. are used as acetal protecting groups. can do.
- the introduction of the protecting group can be carried out by a conventional method.
- a conventional method for example, pyridine, acetonitrile, In an organic solvent such as dimethylformamide, in the presence of a base such as an alkali metal alkoxide, triethylamine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, or imidazole, a compound of the formula (IV) and a protecting group-introducing reagent (e.g., an alkyl halide, an acid halide, Acid anhydride, alkylsilyl halide, etc.) at -10 to 100 ° C.
- a protecting group-introducing reagent e.g., an alkyl halide, an acid halide, Acid anhydride, alkylsilyl halide, etc.
- the second step is a step of converting the 2-position amino group of the compound represented by the formula [V] to a halogen atom to obtain a compound represented by the formula [VI].
- the compound represented by the formula [VI] is represented by the formula [V]
- the 2,6 dihalopurine derivative can be synthesized by converting the halogen atom at the 6-position of the base into an amino group by treatment with ammonia.
- Examples of the reagent for substituting the 2-position amino group of the compound represented by the formula [V] with fluorine include sodium nitrite in tetrafluoroboric acid, and hydrogen nitrite such as t-butyl nitrite in pyridine. Esters and the like can be exemplified.
- reaction conditions vary depending on the reagent used. For example, when t-butyl nitrite is used in pyridine hydrogen fluoride, 13-mol t-butyl nitrite is used as the solvent with pyridine hydrogen fluoride at 50 ° C. The reaction may be carried out at room temperature for about 15 minutes to 5 hours. In the case of a 2,6-difluoropurine derivative, it may be subsequently treated with aqueous ammonia in an organic solvent such as dioxane or methanol.
- an organic solvent such as dioxane or methanol.
- the reaction conditions vary depending on the reagent used. For example, when a combination of acetyl chloride-benzyl nitrite ammonium nitrate is used, 1 mole of the compound [V] in an organic solvent such as dichloromethane is used. After treating 115 mol of benzyltriethylammonium nitrite and 115 mol of acetylacetyl acetyl at 50 ° C. for 30 minutes to 3 hours at room temperature, the compound [V] is treated with 50 mol of compound [V]. The reaction may be performed for 1 hour at room temperature from ° C to room temperature for several days. Further, in the case of a 2,6-dichloroburine derivative, it may be subsequently treated with ammonia water in an organic solvent such as dioxane or methanol.
- an organic solvent such as dioxane or methanol.
- P represents a protecting group
- X represents a halogen atom
- R 1 represents an ethur group or a cyano group
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom, phosphoric acid or a derivative thereof.
- the removal of the protecting group may be appropriately selected from ordinary treatment methods such as acidic hydrolysis, alkaline hydrolysis, tetrabutylammonium fluoride treatment, and catalytic reduction, depending on the protecting group used.
- X represents a halogen atom
- R 1 represents an ethur group or a cyano group
- R 2 represents hydrogen
- 5'- H-phosphonate derivative [VII] of the present invention compounds in an organic solvent, using a suitable condensing agent, may be condensed phosphonic acid and the compound R 2 is hydrogen [I] .
- a suitable condensing agent for condensed phosphonic acid and the compound R 2 is hydrogen [I] .
- an organic solvent dimethylformamide in the presence of a base such as pyridine or triethylamine
- a carbodiimide such as dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, diisopropylcarbodiimide, or a water-soluble carbodiimide, or a sulfone such as toluenesulfol chloride.
- Phosphate diversions such as acid dihydrogen diversion and salt didifluorophosphoric acid can be exemplified.
- reaction conditions vary depending on the reagent used. For example, when dicyclohexylcarbodiimide is used in pyridine, 115 mol of phosphonic acid and 115 mol of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide are used per 1 mol of compound [1]. For a molar reaction, the reaction can be carried out at 0 ° C. to 50 ° C. for about 124 hours.
- a compound in which R 2 is a monophosphate residue is obtained, a compound in which R 2 is a hydrogen atom is selectively substituted at the 5-position of a nucleoside such as phosphorus oxychloride or tetrachloropyrophosphate.
- a phosphorylating agent used for phosphorylation to further obtain a compound in which R 2 is a diphosphoric acid or triphosphoric acid residue, the corresponding 5′-monophosphoric acid conjugate is converted to a phosphoimidazolide.
- the compound of the present invention [ ⁇ ⁇ ] can be produced by the steps described below.
- the first step is a step of selectively protecting the 5′-hydroxyl group of a compound represented by the formula [I] wherein R 2 is hydrogen to obtain a compound represented by the formula [VIII].
- P represents a protecting group
- X represents a halogen atom
- R 1 represents an ethur group or a cyano group
- R 2 represents hydrogen.
- the protecting group for the 5'-hydroxyl group represented by P is not particularly limited as long as it is commonly used as a selective protecting group for a primary hydroxyl group. Specific examples include a trimethoxytrityl group and a dimethoxy group. Trityl Groups, methoxytrityl, trityl, t-butyldimethylsilyl, t-butyldiphenylsilyl, benzoyl and the like.
- the second step is a step of dehydrating the 3′-hydroxyl group of the compound represented by the formula [VIII] to form a 2 ′, 3′-double bond to give a compound formula [VIV].
- the reaction conditions differ depending on the reagent used. For example, when a reaction involving trifluoromethanesulfonic acid ester is used, trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride and a base such as pyridine or triethylamine are dissolved in an organic solvent such as dichloromethane or pyridine.
- the reaction can be performed by using 1-5 mol and 5-10 mol, respectively, and reacting at -78 ° C-room temperature for 1 hour and 24 hours.
- X represents a halogen atom
- P represents a protecting group
- R 1 represents an ethur group or a cyano group
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom, phosphoric acid or a residue thereof.
- the removal of the protecting group may be appropriately selected from ordinary treatment methods such as acidic hydrolysis, alkaline hydrolysis, tetrabutylammonium fluoride treatment, and catalytic reduction, depending on the protecting group used. Good.
- R 2 is a compound that shows a phosphoric acid or its derivative residue can be synthesized by the formula [I] compound and similar methods.
- the compound [III] of the present invention can be produced by the steps described below.
- the hydroxymethyl group at the 4-position of the compound represented by the formula [X] is oxidized to an aldehyde conjugate, which is further converted to a triethylsilylethynyl compound or a cyano compound.
- a compound represented by the formula [XI] is obtained.
- R 1 represents an ethur group, a triethylsilyl etur group or a cyano group.
- the starting compound is a known compound represented by the formula [X] (Biosci. Biotech. Biochem., 57, 1433-1438 (1993)).
- the 4-hydroxymethyl group of the formula [X] y conjugate is converted to a formyl group, which is then converted to a dibromobutyl group, Subsequently, the reaction can be carried out by debromination with a strong base.
- the oxidizing agent include chromic anhydride, a complex reagent of pyridine and acetic anhydride, a chromium-based oxidizing agent such as pyridine chromate chromate and pyridine dichromate; a high atomic value iodine oxidizing agent such as Dess-Martin reagent; dimethyl sulfoxide and acetic anhydride And dimethylsulfoxide-based oxidizing agents used in combination with salted oxoxalyl or dicyclohexylcarbodiimide.
- the reaction conditions differ depending on the oxidizing agent used. For example, in the case of oxidizing using salted oxalyl and dimethyl sulfoxide, the reaction is carried out in an organic solvent such as dichloromethane under an inert gas atmosphere such as argon or nitrogen if necessary.
- an organic solvent such as dichloromethane
- an inert gas atmosphere such as argon or nitrogen if necessary.
- For 1 mol of compound use salted oxalil and dimethinoresnorreoxide for 1 to 5 monoles and 1.5 to 6 monoles, respectively, and at 100-0 ° C for 15 minutes. The reaction can be performed for about an hour, a base such as triethylamine is added in an amount of 2 to 10 mol, and the reaction is further performed at room temperature for about 15 minutes to 2 hours.
- the obtained aldehyde compound is converted into an alkyne ligated compound by subjecting the aldehyde compound to a carburization reaction (CC bond forming reaction), treating with a strong base, and treating the metal alkyd ligated compound. And finally introducing a protecting group.
- the carbon-enrichment reaction is carried out in an organic solvent such as dichloromethane or dichloroethane, if necessary, in an atmosphere of an inert gas such as argon or nitrogen, with respect to 1 mol of the aldehyde compound previously obtained, based on carbon tetrabromide and triphenylphosphine.
- the reaction can be carried out at a temperature of 0-50 ° C for about 15 minutes and 13 hours, using 115 mol and 2-10 mol, respectively.
- the strong base treatment is carried out in an organic solvent such as tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, dimethoxyethane or the like, if necessary, in an atmosphere of an inert gas such as argon or nitrogen, based on 1 mol of the compound obtained by the carbon enrichment reaction.
- the reaction can be carried out by using 2 to 4 moles of a lithium compound such as methyllithium, n-butyllithium, t-butyllithium and the like, and reacting at -100 to 120 ° C for about 5 to 60 minutes.
- a silyl protecting group is introduced into the alkynyl group of the obtained compound, a silylating agent such as chlorotriethylsilane is added following the strong base treatment and allowed to react. Can be.
- the 4-hydroxymethyl group of the compound of the formula [X] is converted to a formyl group, and then converted to an oxime compound. Subsequently, it can be carried out by dehydrating the obtained oxime compound.
- oxidizing agents to be used include chromic anhydride, a complex reagent of pyridine and acetic anhydride, pyridine chromate chromate, A chromium-based oxidizing agent such as pyridine dichromate; a high-valence iodine oxidizing agent such as Dess-Martin reagent; Can be listed.
- the reaction conditions differ depending on the oxidizing agent used. For example, when oxidizing using salted oxalyl and dimethyl sulfoxide, the reaction is carried out in an organic solvent such as dichloromethane under an atmosphere of an inert gas such as argon or nitrogen if necessary.
- an inert gas such as argon or nitrogen if necessary.
- For 1 mol of compound use salted oxalil and dimethinoresnorreoxide for 1 to 5 monoles and 1.5 to 6 monoles, respectively, and at 100-0 ° C for 15 minutes. The reaction can be performed for about an hour, a base such as triethylamine is added in an amount of 2 to 10 mol, and the reaction is further performed at room temperature for about 15 minutes to 2 hours.
- the conversion of the aldehyde compound into the oxime compound is performed by using 115 mol of hydroxylamine hydrochloride with respect to 1 mol of the aldehyde compound in an organic solvent such as pyridine at room temperature and 100 ° C.
- the reaction can be performed by reacting for about 30 minutes to 13 hours.
- the dehydration of the oxime compound is carried out in the presence of a base such as pyridine, triethylamine or sodium acetate in an organic solvent such as dichloromethane, acetonitrile or tetrahydrofuran in the presence of a base such as pyridine, phosporyl diimidazole, methanesulfol chloride or acetic anhydride.
- a base such as pyridine, triethylamine or sodium acetate
- an organic solvent such as dichloromethane, acetonitrile or tetrahydrofuran
- a base such as pyridine, phosporyl diimidazole, methanesulfol chloride or acetic anhydride.
- the conditions of the dehydration reaction vary depending on the dehydrating agent used. For example, when dehydration is performed using methanesulfonyl chloride, methanesulfonyl chloride is added to 1 mol of the oxime compound in an organic solvent such as dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran or pyridine.
- the reaction can be carried out by using 15 to 5 moles and 5 to 10 moles of triethylamine, respectively, and reacting at -50 ° C and room temperature for about 15 minutes and 12 hours.
- the second step is a step of removing the methoxybenzylidene group protecting the hydroxyl groups at positions 3 and 5 of the compound represented by the formula [XI] to obtain a compound represented by the formula [XII].
- R 1 represents an ethynyl group, a triethylsilyl ethynyl group or a cyano group.
- the method of removing the protecting group may be appropriately selected from treatment methods such as acidic hydrolysis and catalytic reduction.
- reaction conditions differ depending on the reaction to be used.
- the compound of the formula [XI] is added to an aqueous solution of an organic acid such as formic acid or acetic acid or a mineral acid at 0 to 100 ° C. It can be carried out by reacting for 24 hours.
- the third step is a step of selectively protecting the 5-position hydroxyl group of the compound represented by the formula [ ⁇ ] to obtain a compound represented by the formula [ ⁇ ].
- ⁇ represents a protecting group
- R 1 represents an ethur group, a triethylsilyl etur group or a cyano group.
- the protecting group for the 5-position hydroxyl group represented by ⁇ is not particularly limited as long as it is commonly used as a selective protecting group for a primary hydroxyl group. Specific examples include a trimethoxytrityl group and a dimethoxytrityl group. Groups, methoxytrityl, trityl, t-butyldimethylsilyl, t-butyldiphenylsilyl, benzoyl and the like.
- the introduction of the protecting group can be carried out in the same manner as described above.
- the fourth step is a step of reducing the 3-position hydroxyl group of the compound represented by the formula [ ⁇ ] to obtain a compound represented by the formula [XIV].
- P represents a protecting group
- R 1 represents an ethur group, a triethylsilyl-etul group or a cyano group.
- Deoxydani of the 3-position hydroxyl group converts the 3-position hydroxyl group into a halide (iodine, bromine, chlorine), phenoxythiocarbonate, thiocarbo-imidazole, methyldithiocarbonate, or the like. After that, reduction can be performed by a radical reducing agent in the presence of a radical initiator.
- a radical reducing agent in the presence of a radical initiator.
- the phenoxycarbonylating reaction may be carried out, if necessary, in an atmosphere of an inert gas such as argon or nitrogen in an organic solvent such as tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile or dichloromethane.
- an inert gas such as argon or nitrogen
- an organic solvent such as tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile or dichloromethane.
- a base such as dimethylaminoaminopyridine or pyridine
- 1 to 10 mol, preferably 112 mol, of the chlorothionoformate derivative is used per 1 mol of the above compound from which only the protecting group for the 3-position hydroxyl group has been removed.
- the reaction can be carried out by stirring and reacting at 0 to 50 ° C for about 0.5 to 5 hours.
- the subsequent reduction reaction is carried out in an organic solvent such as toluene or benzene, if necessary, in an atmosphere of an inert gas such as argon or nitrogen, in the presence of a radical initiator such as azobisisobutyl-tolyl or the like, in the presence of a radical initiator such as the above.
- a radical reducing agent such as tributyltin hydride or tris (trimethylsilyl) silane
- the fifth step is a step of removing the 1,2-isopropylidene group of the compound represented by the formula [XIV], and then acetylating the resulting hydroxyl group to obtain a compound represented by the formula [XV].
- the compound of formula [XIV] can be prepared by adding an aqueous solution of an organic acid such as formic acid or acetic acid or a mineral acid to — Can be carried out by reacting at 100 ° C for 1 to 24 hours.
- the subsequent introduction of an acetyl group into a hydroxyl group can be carried out by a conventional method, for example, in an organic solvent such as pyridine, acetonitrile, dichloromethane or the like, in the presence of a base such as pyridine or triethylamine, in the presence of acetyl chloride or anhydrous acetyl. It can be carried out by reacting with an acetylating agent such as acetic acid.
- reaction when the reaction is carried out with acetic anhydride in pyridine, 2 to 10 moles of acetic anhydride and, if necessary, a catalytic amount of 4-dimethylaminopyridine are added to 1 mole of the above-mentioned isopropylidene derivative.
- the reaction can be carried out at 0-100 ° C for 1 to 24 hours.
- the sixth step is a step of condensing the compound represented by the formula [XV] with 2,6-diaminopurine to obtain a compound represented by the formula [XVI].
- the condensation of the compound represented by the formula [XV] with 2,6-diaminopurine can be carried out by reacting the compound of the formula [XV] with 2,6-diaminopurine in the presence of a Lewis acid.
- 2,6-Diaminopurine may be used in the form of a silyl sulphate.
- silyl sulphate bases can be obtained by a known method, for example, the ability to reflux under heat in hexamethyldisilazane and trimethylchlorosilane, or acetonitrile, It can be obtained by heating and refluxing bis (trimethylsilyl) acetoamide in an organic solvent such as 1,2-dichloroethane.
- the Lewis acids used include trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate, tin tetrachloride, zinc chloride, zinc iodide, Examples include anhydrous salted aluminum.
- the condensation reaction is carried out in an organic solvent such as dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, acetonitrile, toluene or the like, if necessary, under an atmosphere of an inert gas such as argon or nitrogen, with respect to 1 mole of the compound of the formula [XV].
- the reaction can be carried out by using 1-110 mol of 6-diaminopurine and 0.1 to 10 mol of Lewis acid and reacting at -20 to 150 ° C for about 30 minutes to 24 hours.
- the seventh step is a step of converting the 2-position amino group of the compound represented by the formula [XVI] to fluorine or chlorine to obtain a compound represented by the formula [XVII].
- P represents a protecting group
- X represents a halogen atom
- R 1 represents an ethur group, a triethylsilyl etur group or a cyano group.
- the 2-position amino group of the compound represented by the formula [XVI] is treated with a nitrous acid derivative, and then a halogen atom is added to the 2-position of the base moiety using a halogenating reagent.
- a halogen atom is added to the 2-position of the base moiety using a halogenating reagent.
- synthesis by converting the halogen atom at the 6-position of the base into an amino group by ammonia treatment. Can be done.
- Examples of the reagent for replacing the amino group at the 2-position of the compound represented by the formula [XVI] with fluorine include nitrite such as sodium nitrite in tetrafluoroboric acid and t-butyl nitrite in hydrogen fluoride and pyridine. Esters and the like can be exemplified.
- reaction conditions differ depending on the reagents used. For example, when t-butyl nitrite is used in pyridine hydrogen fluoride, 13-mol t-butyl nitrite is used as a solvent with pyridine hydrogen fluoride as a solvent, and -50 ° C. The C force may be reacted at 0 ° C for about 15 minutes to 5 hours. In the case of a 2,6-difluoropurine derivative, it may be subsequently treated with aqueous ammonia in an organic solvent such as dioxane or methanol.
- an organic solvent such as dioxane or methanol.
- the reaction conditions vary depending on the reagent used. For example, when a combination of acetyl chloride-benzyl nitrite ammonium-dimethyl is used, 1 mol of the compound [XVI] in an organic solvent such as dichloromethane is used. After treating 15 mol of benzyltriethylammonium nitrite with 50 mol of acetylacetyl acetyl for 30 minutes to 3 hours at 50 ° C. and room temperature, the compound [XVI] is treated with 50 mol of compound [XVI]. The reaction may be performed for 1 hour at room temperature from ° C to several days. Further, in the case of a 2,6-dichloropurine derivative, it may be treated with aqueous ammonia in an organic solvent such as dioxane or methanol.
- an organic solvent such as dioxane or methanol.
- the eighth step is a step of removing the acetyl group protecting the 2′-hydroxyl group of the compound represented by the formula [XVII] to obtain a compound represented by the formula [XVIII].
- P represents a protecting group
- X represents a halogen atom
- R 1 represents an ethur group, a triethylsilyl etur group or a cyano group.
- the acetyl group can be removed using a suitable base or acid catalyst.
- a suitable base or acid catalyst sodium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, or the like in a mixed solvent of an alcoholic solvent such as ethanol and water.
- examples include potassium hydroxide, triethylamine, and aqueous ammonia.
- reaction can be carried out by using ammonia water in methanol at 0 to 100 ° C. for 124 hours.
- the ninth step is a step of reducing the 2′-hydroxyl group of the compound represented by the formula [XVIII] to obtain a compound represented by the formula [XIX].
- P is a protecting group
- X is a halogen atom
- R 1 is an ethur group, a triethylsilyl etur group or a cyano group.
- the deoxydani of the 2'-hydroxyl group is obtained by converting the 2'-hydroxyl group to a halogenated iodine (iodine, bromine, or chlorine), a phenoxythiocarbol, a thiocarbo-limidazole, or a methyldithiol-potassium. After the conversion, the reduction can be carried out with a radical reducing agent in the presence of a radical initiator.
- a radical reducing agent in the presence of a radical initiator.
- the phenoxythiocarbonylation reaction may be carried out, if necessary, in an atmosphere of an inert gas such as argon or nitrogen, under an atmosphere of an organic gas such as tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile or dichloromethane.
- an inert gas such as argon or nitrogen
- an organic gas such as tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile or dichloromethane.
- reaction in the coexistence of a base such as dimethylaminopyridine or pyridine, 1 to 10 mol, preferably 112 mol, of the chlorothionoformate phenol derivative per 1 mol of the above compound from which only the protecting group for the hydroxyl group at the 2′-position has been removed
- a base such as dimethylaminopyridine or pyridine
- 1 to 10 mol, preferably 112 mol, of the chlorothionoformate phenol derivative per 1 mol of the above compound from which only the protecting group for the hydroxyl group at the 2′-position has been removed.
- the subsequent reduction reaction is carried out in an organic solvent such as toluene or benzene, if necessary, in an atmosphere of an inert gas such as argon or nitrogen, in the presence of a radical initiator such as azobisisobutyl-tolyl, or the like, in the presence of the above phenoxythiocarbonyl.
- a radical initiator such as azobisisobutyl-tolyl, or the like
- 1 to 10 mol, preferably 2 to 5 mol, of a radical reducing agent such as tributyltin hydride or tris (trimethylsilyl) silane is used for 1 mol of the isomer, and the mixture is stirred and reacted at 50 to 150 ° C for about 115 hours. Can be implemented.
- P is a protecting group
- X is a halogen atom
- R 1 is an ethur group, a triethylsilyl eturyl group or a cyano group
- R 2 is hydrogen, phosphoric acid or a derivative residue thereof.
- the removal of the protecting group can be appropriately selected from ordinary treatment methods such as acidic hydrolysis, alkaline hydrolysis, tetrabutylammonium fluoride treatment, and catalytic reduction, depending on the protecting group used. Good.
- R 2 represents a phosphoric acid or a derivative thereof
- R 2 represents a phosphoric acid or a derivative thereof
- the compound of the present invention can be separated and purified by appropriately combining methods used for isolating and purifying general nucleosides and nucleotides (eg, recrystallization, ion exchange column chromatography, adsorption column chromatography, etc.). can do.
- the thus obtained compound can be converted into a salt, if necessary.
- the composition of the present invention containing these as an active ingredient can be used as a medicament, specifically, It is useful for the treatment of retroviral infections, especially for the treatment of AIDS caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
- HIV human immunodeficiency virus
- the dose of the compound of the present invention varies depending on the age, weight, disease, severity of the patient, tolerability of the drug, administration method, and the like of the patient, and may be appropriately determined based on a combination of these conditions.
- the power is usually selected from the range of 0.000001-1000 mgZkg body weight, preferably ⁇ 0.000001-1000 mgZkg body weight, and is administered in one or more divided doses.
- the administration method may be any route such as oral, parenteral, enteral, topical administration and the like.
- the compound of the present invention it is common to use the compound of the present invention as a composition containing carriers, excipients, and other additives that are commonly used.
- Carriers include lactose, liquor Solid carrier such as glycerin, sucrose, crystalline cellulose, corn starch, talc, agar, pectin, stearic acid, magnesium stearate, lecithin, sodium chloride, glycerin, peanut oil, polybutylpyrrolidone, olive oil, ethanol, benzyl alcohol , Propylene glycol, water and the like.
- the dosage form can take any form.
- a solid carrier when used, tablets, powders, granules, capsules, suppositories, troches, and the like can be used, and a liquid carrier can be used.
- syrup, emulsion, soft gelatin capsule, cream, gel, paste, spray, injection and the like can be exemplified.
- the obtained crude compound 12 was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (10. OmL), and a 1 M solution of tetrabutylammonium fluoride-dimethyl tetrahydrofuran (0.59 mL, 0.59 mmol) was added and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. did. After the reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure, chloroform: methanol (10: 1) was added, and the precipitated crystals were collected by filtration. A compound 13 (52. Omg, 0.19 mmol, 20.0% from compound 4) was obtained.
- the crude alkyne was dissolved in acetic acid (80. OmL), water (20. OmL) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight.
- the reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the obtained residue was azeotroped with toluene.
- the organic layer was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the obtained crude thiocarbonate was used for the next reaction without purification.
- the crude thiocarbonate was azeotroped with toluene three times, then dissolved in toluene (30. OmL) and degassed under reduced pressure. This solution was mixed with triptyltin hydride (2.61 mL, 9.70 mmol) and a small amount of azobis (isobutyrate-tolyl) at 80 ° C. in an argon atmosphere, and stirred for 1 hour under the same conditions.
- Dissolved product 23 (20. Omg, 0.07 mmol) was dissolved in pyridine (1 mL), and phosphonic acid (11.8 mg, 0.144 mmol) and dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (44.7 mg, 0.216 mmol) were added. Stirred for hours. The reaction solution is concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue is Purified by feed (ODS 10 mL, 0-1% acetonitrile). Dowex the obtained residue
- the solution was passed through a 50Wx8 column (Na type).
- the residue obtained by concentrating the passing solution was triturated with methanol ether to obtain compound 24 (4.7 mg, 13 / ⁇ 1, 18.6%).
- Fine powdered cellulose 25.Omg
- a tablet is prepared from the above composition by a conventional method.
- a capsule is prepared from the above composition by a conventional method.
- the above composition is dissolved in purified water for injection to prepare an injection.
- Test examples are shown below. In the test, the following compounds of the present invention and known compounds were used as drugs.
- the compound of the present invention Compound 4: 2, -Doxy _4, -C-Ethyl-N--2 Fluoroadenosine
- Compound 8 4, -C-Cyano-2,2-Doxy-2-fluoroadenosine
- HIV Anti-human immunodeficiency virus
- HeLa CD4ZLTR beta— Gal cells at a rate of 10,000 cells / ⁇ for 96 ⁇ Add to Ell. After 12 to 24 hours, discard the culture medium and add the diluted test drug (100 1).
- the EC concentration is the concentration of the test drug that reduces the drug by 50%.
- Compound 4 50 mM Tris-HC1 buffer solution (pH 7.5)
- 0.5 mL of the adenosine deaminase derived from the intestinal tract of the stomach is added to 0.5 mL, and incubated at 25 ° C.
- the conventional 2'-doxy-4,1-C-etchurine adenosine (EdAdo) is deaminod
- the 2'-doxy-4,1-C-ethyl of the compound of the present invention is deaminod.
- -Ru-2 Fluoroadenosine (diagonal compound 4) was not deaminod at all, indicating that it had resistance to adenosine deaminase.
- a 6-week-old, male, ICR mouse was orally or intravenously administered a test drug (compound 4: dissolved or suspended in physiological saline) up to 100 mgZkg in groups of 8 animals each, and the mice were allowed to survive and die for 7 days. It was measured.
- a test drug compound 4: dissolved or suspended in physiological saline
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JP2006511319A JP4253342B2 (ja) | 2004-03-24 | 2005-03-24 | 4’−c−置換−2−ハロアデノシン誘導体 |
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PCT/JP2005/005374 WO2005090349A1 (ja) | 2004-03-24 | 2005-03-24 | 4’−c−置換−2−ハロアデノシン誘導体 |
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US (3) | US7339053B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1589026B1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP4253342B2 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE388958T1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2502109C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE602005005240T2 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2300892T3 (ja) |
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- 2005-03-23 EP EP05006326A patent/EP1589026B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-03-23 ES ES05006326T patent/ES2300892T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-03-23 DE DE602005005240T patent/DE602005005240T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-03-23 AT AT05006326T patent/ATE388958T1/de active
- 2005-03-24 US US11/087,588 patent/US7339053B2/en active Active
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- 2005-03-24 JP JP2006511319A patent/JP4253342B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
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US8039614B2 (en) | 2004-03-24 | 2011-10-18 | Yamasa Corporation | 4' -C-substituted-2-haloadenosine derivative |
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US10772864B2 (en) | 2007-01-31 | 2020-09-15 | Biosuccess Biotech Co., Ltd. | Compositions and methods of use of phorbolesters |
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US10278934B2 (en) | 2007-01-31 | 2019-05-07 | Biosuccess Biotech Co., Ltd. | Compositions and methods of use of phorbol esters in the treatment of neoplasms |
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US10143672B2 (en) | 2012-01-18 | 2018-12-04 | Biosuccess Biotech Co., Ltd. | Compositions and methods of use of phorbol esters for the treatment of stroke |
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US10933067B2 (en) | 2016-11-16 | 2021-03-02 | National Center For Global Health And Medicine | Nucleoside derivative having physiological activity such as antiviral activity |
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JP2021515771A (ja) * | 2018-03-07 | 2021-06-24 | グラクソスミスクライン、インテレクチュアル、プロパティー、(ナンバー2)、リミテッドGlaxosmithkline Intellectual Property (No.2) Limited | Hiv療法に有用な化合物 |
JP2022546755A (ja) * | 2019-08-13 | 2022-11-08 | メルク・シャープ・アンド・ドーム・コーポレーション | 抗ウイルス剤の送達のための薬物送達システム |
JP7317210B2 (ja) | 2019-08-13 | 2023-07-28 | メルク・シャープ・アンド・ドーム・エルエルシー | 抗ウイルス剤の送達のための薬物送達システム |
JP2023518433A (ja) * | 2020-03-20 | 2023-05-01 | ギリアード サイエンシーズ, インコーポレイテッド | 4’-c-置換-2-ハロ-2’-デオキシアデノシンヌクレオシドのプロドラッグ並びにその製造法及び使用法 |
US11718637B2 (en) | 2020-03-20 | 2023-08-08 | Gilead Sciences, Inc. | Prodrugs of 4′-C-substituted-2-halo-2′- deoxyadenosine nucleosides and methods of making and using the same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20050215512A1 (en) | 2005-09-29 |
JP2011256173A (ja) | 2011-12-22 |
CA2502109C (en) | 2010-02-23 |
US7339053B2 (en) | 2008-03-04 |
JP5213194B2 (ja) | 2013-06-19 |
CA2502109A1 (en) | 2005-09-24 |
EP1589026B1 (en) | 2008-03-12 |
US8039614B2 (en) | 2011-10-18 |
US20080153774A1 (en) | 2008-06-26 |
ES2300892T3 (es) | 2008-06-16 |
JPWO2005090349A1 (ja) | 2008-01-31 |
US7625877B2 (en) | 2009-12-01 |
JP4253342B2 (ja) | 2009-04-08 |
US20090234110A1 (en) | 2009-09-17 |
DE602005005240T2 (de) | 2009-03-12 |
ATE388958T1 (de) | 2008-03-15 |
EP1589026A1 (en) | 2005-10-26 |
DE602005005240D1 (de) | 2008-04-24 |
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