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WO2005073622A1 - Panneau lumineux et systeme d'eclairage - Google Patents

Panneau lumineux et systeme d'eclairage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005073622A1
WO2005073622A1 PCT/IB2005/050216 IB2005050216W WO2005073622A1 WO 2005073622 A1 WO2005073622 A1 WO 2005073622A1 IB 2005050216 W IB2005050216 W IB 2005050216W WO 2005073622 A1 WO2005073622 A1 WO 2005073622A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
emitting panel
slits
emitting
ingress edge
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2005/050216
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Denis J. C. Van Oers
Stefan M. Verbrugh
Christoph G. A. Hoelen
Original Assignee
Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. filed Critical Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
Publication of WO2005073622A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005073622A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0066—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form characterised by the light source being coupled to the light guide
    • G02B6/0068—Arrangements of plural sources, e.g. multi-colour light sources

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a thin light-emitting panel comprising a light-emitting window and a rear wall situated opposite thereto, and at least one light-ingress edge for coupling light from a light source into the light-emitting panel.
  • the invention also relates to an illumination system provided with the above- mentioned light-emitting panel.
  • Such light-emitting panels are known per se and are also denoted edge light- emitting panels. They are used, inter alia, as backlight-emitting panels in (picture) display devices, for example for TV sets and monitors.
  • Such light-emitting panels are particularly suitable for use as backlights for non-emissive displays such as liquid crystal display devices, also denoted LCD panels, which are used in (portable) computers or (portable) telephones.
  • Said display devices usually comprise a substrate provided with a regular pattern of pixels which are each controlled by at least one electrode.
  • the display device utilizes a control circuit for achieving a picture or a data graphical display in a relevant field of a (picture) screen of the (picture) display device.
  • the light originating from the backlight in an LCD device is modulated by means of a switch or modulator, various types of liquid crystal effects being used.
  • the display may be based on electrophoretic or electromechanical effects.
  • Such light-emitting panels are also used as luminaires for general lighting purposes or for shop lighting, for example shop window lighting or lighting of (transparent or semi-transparent) plates of glass or of (transparent) plates of glass or of (transparent) synthetic resin on which items, for example jewelry, are displayed.
  • Such light-emitting panels are further used as window panes, for example for causing a glass wall to radiate light under certain conditions, or to reduce or block out the view through the window by means of light.
  • a further alternative application is the use of such light-emitting panels for illuminating advertising boards.
  • the light source used is usually a tubular low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp, for example one or several so-called cold-cathode fluorescent lamps (CCFL), wherein the light emitted by the light source during operation is coupled into the light-emitting panel, which acts as an optical waveguide.
  • This waveguide usually constitutes a comparatively thin and planar panel which is manufactured, for example, from synthetic resin or glass, and in which light is transported through the optical waveguide under the influence of (total) internal reflection.
  • a light-emitting panel may also be provided with a plurality of light-emitting diodes (LEDs).
  • a light-emitting panel for illuminating an image display device is known from the international patent application WO-A 01/88 430.
  • the known image display device comprises a light modulation panel, an illumination device arranged opposite the light modulation panel and a light source connected to the illumination device.
  • the illumination device comprises at least one separating layer which has at least one flat surface extending parallel to the light modulation panel and a serrated surface situated on a side which faces away from the flat surface.
  • Said serrated surface includes a number of saw-tooth-shaped, juxtaposed projections which are each bounded by a first and a second separating surface, the first separating surface enclosing an acute interior angle with the flat surface and the second separating surface enclosing an obtuse interior angle with the flat surface.
  • a disadvantage of the known light-emitting panel is that the efficiency of the light-emitting panel is relatively low.
  • a light-emitting panel of the kind mentioned in the opening paragraph for this purpose comprises: a light-emitting window and a rear wall situated opposite to the light-emitting window, at least one light-ingress edge for coupling light from a light source into the light-emitting panel, the light, in operation, spreading in the light-emitting panel, the light-emitting panel being provided with a plurality of slits for coupling out light from the light-emitting panel, the slits extending from the rear wall to the light-emitting window, material in the slits having a refractive index different from the refractive index of the light-emitting panel.
  • a slit is understood to be a relatively narrow opening in the light-emitting panel, the slit extending through the light-emitting panel from the rear wall to the light-emitting window. Because the material in the slits has a refractive index different from the refractive index of the material of the light-emitting panel, light is coupled out from the light- emitting panel. The change in refractive index at the interface between the light-emitting panel and the slit causes a reflection resulting the coupling of light out of the light-emitting panel. A particularly compact light-emitting panel is obtained through the measure according to the invention. A relatively high efficiency is realized thereby in particular in the case of (picture) display devices.
  • a preferred embodiment of the light-emitting panel according to the invention is characterized in that the light is substantially coupled out from the light-emitting panel by specular reflection.
  • uniformity of light is normally obtained by using scattering of light.
  • Light-scattering foils or other diffusing structures create a translucent but not transparent light-emitting window of the light-emitting panel. Because of the use of scattered light, the efficiency of the known light-emitting panels used as (backlight) luminaires is limited to approximately 50% which is too low for general illumination applications.
  • Another disadvantage of the known light-emitting panel based on the scattering of light is that the light is emitted as a so-called Lambertian emitter (with a large surface area).
  • Lambertian emission makes the light-emitting panel unsuitable and inefficient for general lighting purposes.
  • information about the direction of the light can not be used if the mechanism for coupling light from the light-emitting panel is diffuse.
  • the directions of the emitted light are randomized, making no discrimination between the directions towards the front and back surface of the panel.
  • the known light-emitting panel based on scattering of light emits more or less equally from the light-emitting window as well as from the rear wall unless a mirror is used at the location of the rear wall to block the emission of light in that direction.
  • substantially specular reflection the light source or the individual light sources can be seen when looking to the light-emitting panel.
  • the brightness of such light sources is "reflected" in the various slits, resulting in a sparkling effect.
  • This sparkling effect gives the light-emitting panel a dynamic character because the light sources seem to move when the observer changes his/her position relative to the light-emitting panel.
  • This sparkling effect is substantially enhanced by applying discrete light sources with various colors.
  • Another advantage of employing specular reflection upon coupling light out from the light-emitting panel is that a substantially transparent luminaire is created that emits light substantially in only one direction, i.e. the light-emitting panel only emits light from the light-emitting window and practically no light is emitted from the rear wall of the light- emitting panel.
  • the light-emitting panel based on specular reflection is substantially transparent.
  • the light- emitting panel according to the invention can be seen through with clarity.
  • a light-emitting panel being transparent enables the design and manufacture of a new class of luminaries with a novel and attractive appearance.
  • the light-emitting panel based on an optically transparent light-emitting panel according to the invention is a simple, robust and easy to use single- member light tile.
  • the slits of the light-emitting panel are filled with a dielectric material. Because the refractive index of the dielectric material in the slits differs from the refractive index of the material of the light-emitting panel, light is coupled out from the light- emitting panel.
  • the change in refractive index at the interface between the light-emitting panel and the dielectric material in the slit causes a reflection resulting the coupling of light out of the light-emitting panel.
  • a very favorable embodiment of the light-emitting panel according to the invention is characterized in that the slits are filled with air.
  • the refractive index of air is 1.
  • the refractive index of the light-emitting panel is normally around 1.5, depending on the material of the light-emitting panel.
  • the change in refractive index at the interface between the light-emitting panel and the air in the slits causes a reflection resulting the coupling of light out of the light-emitting panel.
  • a preferred embodiment of the light-emitting panel according to the invention is characterized in that the slits are substantially flat planes.
  • Light-emitting panels with planar slits are easily manufactured, e.g. by laser cutting.
  • the slits are substantially parallel with respect to each other.
  • Light-emitting panels with plan parallel slits are easily manufactured, e.g. by laser cutting.
  • the orientation of the slits in the light-emitting panel determines where the light is coupled out from the light-emitting panel.
  • a preferred embodiment of the light-emitting panel according to the invention is characterized in that the slits are oriented such in the light-emitting panel that the distance of a slit to the light-ingress edge decreases from the light-emitting window towards the rear wall. In this manner light incident at the light-ingress edge reflects at the slit and is coupled out from the light-emitting panel at the light-emitting window.
  • the slits are arranged under an angle with respect to a normal on the light-emitting window, the angle being in the range from 10° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 80°. Preferably, the angle is in the range from 30° ⁇ ⁇ 40°.
  • a substantially uniform flux density of the light emitted by the light-emitting window is obtained.
  • a preferred embodiment of the light-emitting panel according to the invention is characterized in that the length of the slits and the pitch between the slits varies with respect to the light- ingress edge. Preferably, the length of the slits increases and the pitch between the slits decreases with respect to the light-ingress edge.
  • the coefficient of coupling light out of the light-emitting panel is chosen to be relatively low because there is relatively much flux available in this part of the light-emitting panel. At distances further away from the light-ingress edge the coefficient of coupling light out of the light -emitting panel is chosen to be larger because part of the light flux has already been coupled out.
  • the number of slits in a line parallel to the light- ingress edge increases with distance from the light- ingress edge, such that the total effective length of the slits that are at the same distance from the light- ingress edge, increases.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the light-emitting panel according to the invention is characterized in that the light-emitting panel comprises a further edge situated opposite to the light-ingress edge, the further edge being provided with a specular or diffuse reflector. Specular reflection enables the coupling of light out from the light-emitting panel also at the rear wall of the light-emitting panel. Diffuse reflection enables the diffusely coupling of light out from the light-emitting panel at the rear wall of the light-emitting panel.
  • the light-emitting panel is provided with a sensor for measuring the optical properties of the light emitted, in operation, by the light-emitting panel. In this manner a dynamic control of the light output of the light-emitting panel is obtained.
  • the sensor can also be employed to adjust the light emitted by an individual light source, for instance, to compensate for effects of temperature.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the light-emitting panel according to the invention is characterized in that the light-emitting panel comprises a further ingress edge for coupling light from a further light source into the light-emitting panel, the further ingress edge being situated opposite to the light-ingress edge, the rear wall functioning as a further light-emitting window. If light is coupled in the light-emitting panel at two ingress edges with separate light sources, the light from one edge can be directed to only one side (light emitting window) of the light-emitting panel and the light from the further ingress edge is emitted by the rear wall functioning as the further light-emitting window.
  • an illumination system provided with the above- mentioned light-emitting panel is characterized in that: the light-ingress edge is associated with a single light source or with a plurality of light sources.
  • the plurality of light sources comprises at least two light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with different light emission wavelengths.
  • Colors may be mixed in a desired manner through a suitable use of LEDs, for example for making white light of a desired color temperature.
  • the LEDs preferably comprise the combinations of red, green, and blue LEDs known per se, or, for example, combinations of red, green, blue, and amber LEDs.
  • LEDs with three light emission wavelengths may also be realized by means of two LEDs with different light emission wavelengths, wherein the LEDs of one of the types are (partly) provided with a phosphor, such that the light emission of the LED is converted by the phosphor into light of a third, desired light emission wavelength.
  • a combination, known per se, of the red, green, and blue LEDs renders it possible to realize color changes independently of the status of the display device.
  • LEDs has the further advantage that dynamic lighting possibilities are obtained.
  • a sensor is present at one of the edge surfaces for measuring the optical properties of the light emitted by the light source during operation.
  • the quantity of light emitted by the LEDs is adjusted in that the luminous fluxes of the light-emitting diodes are varied. This control of the luminous flux usually takes place in an energy-efficient manner.
  • the LEDs can be dimmed without an appreciable loss in efficacy.
  • the intensity of the light emitted by the light-emitting diodes is variable in response to the desired illumination level or in response to the level of the ambient light.
  • each of the light-emitting diodes has a luminous flux of at least
  • LEDs with such a high output are also denoted LED power packages.
  • the use of such high-efficiency, high-output LEDs has the specific advantage that the number of LEDs required for a desired, comparatively high light output can be comparatively small. This benefits the compact construction and the efficiency of the light-emitting panel to be manufactured. Further advantages of the use of LEDs are a comparatively very long useful life, the comparatively low energy cost, and the low maintenance cost for a light-emitting panel with LEDs.
  • Figure 1 is a side elevation of an illumination system comprising a light- emitting panel according to an embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a detail of the illumination system as shown in Figure 1 showing a number of light rays
  • Figure 3 is a typical arrangement of the slits in a light-emitting panel according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the Figures are purely diagrammatic and not drawn true to scale. Some dimensions are particularly strongly exaggerated for reasons of clarity. Equivalent components have been given the same reference numerals as much as possible in the Figures.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a side elevation of an illumination system comprising a light-emitting panel 1 according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the light- emitting panel 1 is made of a light-transmitting material.
  • the light-emitting panel 1 is manufactured, for example, from a synthetic resin, from acryl, from polycarbonate, from PMMA, for example Perspex, or from glass.
  • TIR total internal reflection
  • the panel has a front wall or light-emitting window 2 and a rear wall 3 opposite thereto.
  • the light- ingress edge 4 is associated with a plurality of light sources 6B, 6G, 6R, for example a number of light-emitting diodes (LEDs).
  • the LEDs are, preferably, mounted on a (metal-core) printed circuit board.
  • the light-ingress edge 4 is associated with only one light source (not shown in Figure 1), for example a tubular low- pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp, for example, one or several so-called cold-cathode fluorescent lamps (CCFL).
  • the light-emitting panel 1 is provided with a plurality of slits 8, 8', 8", ... for coupling out light from the light-emitting panel (1).
  • the slits 8, 8', 8", ... extend from the rear wall 3 to the light-emitting window 2.
  • material in the slits 8, 8', 8", ... has a refractive index different from the refractive index of the light-emitting panel 1.
  • the slits 8, 8', 8", ... are filled with air.
  • the slits are filled with a dielectric material. The change in refractive index at the interface between the light-emitting panel and the dielectric material in the slit causes a reflection resulting the coupling of light out of the light-emitting panel.
  • the orientation of the slits in the light-emitting panel determines where the light is coupled out from the light-emitting panel 1.
  • the slits 8, 8', 8", ... are substantially parallel with respect to each other.
  • the slits 8, 8% 8", ... are oriented such in the light-emitting panel 1 that the distance of a slit 8, 8% 8", ... to the light-ingress edge 4 decreases from the light-emitting window 2 towards the rear wall 3.
  • light incident at the light-ingress edge 4 reflects at the slit 8, 8', 8", ... and is coupled out from the light-emitting panel 1 at the light-emitting window 2.
  • the light is substantially coupled out from the light-emitting panel 1 by specular reflection. In this manner the light-emitting panel is substantially transparent.
  • the light-emitting panel 1 in Figure 1 can be seen through with clarity.
  • a light-emitting panel being transparent enables the design and manufacture of a new class of luminaries with a novel and attractive appearance.
  • the length of the slits 8, 8', 8", ... and the pitch between the slits 8, 8', 8", ... varies with respect to the light-ingress edge 4.
  • the length of the slits 8, 8', 8", ... increases and the pitch between the slits 8, 8', 8", ... decreases as a function of the distance with respect to the light-ingress edge 4 (also see Figure 3).
  • the coefficient of coupling light out of the light-emitting panel 1 is chosen to be relatively low because there is relatively much flux available in this part of the light-emitting panel 1. At distances further away from the light-ingress edge 4 the coefficient of coupling light out of the light-emitting panel 1 is chosen to be larger because part of the light flux has already been coupled out.
  • the light-emitting panel is provided with a further light-ingress edge 5 situated opposite to the light-ingress edge 4, the further edge 5 being provided with a specular or a diffuse reflector.
  • the light- emitting panel comprises a further ingress edge for coupling light from a further light source (not shown in Figure 1) into the light-emitting panel, the further ingress edge being situated opposite to the light-ingress edge.
  • the rear wall 3 functioning as a further light-emitting window.
  • the light-emitting panel 1 may further be provided with a sensor 10 for measuring the optical properties of the light emitted, in operation, by the light-emitting panel 1.
  • the sensor 10 is coupled to control electronics (not shown in Figure 1) for suitably adapting the luminous flux of the light source 6B, 6G, 6R.
  • a feedback mechanism can be realized by means of the sensor 10 and the control electronics for influencing the quality and quantity of the light coupled out from the light-emitting panel 1. In this manner a dynamic control of the light output of the light-emitting panel 1 is obtained.
  • the sensor 10 can also be employed to adjust the light emitted by an individual light source, for instance, to compensate for effects of temperature.
  • the sensor is provided on the light-emitting window.
  • Figure 2 schematically shows a cross-sectional view of a detail of the illumination system as shown in Figure 1 showing a number of light rays. The light rays emerge from the light source 6G.
  • a guiding chamber 15 is shown in Figure 1 for mixing and guiding light rays in the direction of the light-ingress edge 4.
  • An inside wall of the guiding chamber 15 may be provided with a reflecting surface, the reflecting surface being preferably specularly reflecting.
  • the light rays are referenced with a number of arrows.
  • light is coupled out from the light-emitting panel 1 at the location of the slits 8, 8', ....
  • the slits 8, 8', ... extend from the rear wall 3 to the light-emitting window 2.
  • the slits 8, 8', ... are arranged under an angle ⁇ with respect to a normal 18 on the light-emitting window 2, the angle being in the range from 10° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 80°.
  • the angle is in the range from 30° ⁇ oc ⁇ 40°.
  • This latter range of angles is particularly suitable when the slits 8, 8', ... are filled with air. Selecting an angle in the range from 30 to 40° enables obtaining a substantially symmetric light distribution.
  • the angle is preferably selected to be approximately 36°. At this value of the angle oc the light emitted by the light-emitting window 1 is substantially symmetric around the normal 18 to the light-emitting window 2.
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows a typical arrangement of the slits 8, 8', 8", ... in a light-emitting panel 1 according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • a relatively high number of slits 8, 8', 8", ... is provided with a relatively short length.
  • the number of slits 8, 8', 8", ... decreases whereas the length gradually increases.
  • the coefficient of coupling light out of the light-emitting panel 1 is relatively low whereas at distances further away from the light- ingress edge 4 the coefficient of coupling light out of the light-emitting panel 1 is relatively large. In this manner a substantially uniform flux density of the light emitted by the light-emitting window 2 is obtained.
  • the number of slits in a line parallel to the light-ingress edge increases with distance from the light- ingress edge, such that the total effective length of the slits that are at the same distance from the light-ingress edge, increases.
  • the number of slits and the length of the slits increase as a function of the distance from the light-ingress edge.
  • the slits are filled with materials with different refractive indices. This is another method of controlling the coupling of light out of the light-emitting panel. For instance by selecting appropriate materials with suitable refractive indices, the length of the slits can be the same as a function of the distance to the light-ingress edge, the variation in the refractive index determining the percentage of light coupled out from the light-emitting panel.
  • the light-emitting panel according to the invention is a particularly compact light-emitting panel with a relatively high luminous efficacy.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un panneau lumineux (1) qui comporte une fenêtre lumineuse (2) et, à l'opposé de celle-ci, une paroi arrière (3). Le panneau lumineux comporte au moins un bord (4) d'entrée de lumière par lequel la lumière provenant d'une source lumineuse (6B, 6G, 6R) pénètre dans le panneau. Le panneau lumineux est pourvu d'une pluralité de fentes (8, 8', 8', ...) par lesquelles sort la lumière provenant du panneau. Les fentes se déploient de la paroi arrière à la fenêtre lumineuse. La matière des fentes présente un indice de réfraction différent de celui du panneau. Les fentes sont de préférence remplies d'une matière diélectrique, de préférence l'air. Les fentes forment de préférence des plans sensiblement plats et sont sensiblement parallèles entre elles. Les fentes sont de préférence placées selon un angle α par rapport à une perpendiculaire à la fenêtre lumineuse. De préférence, 30°≤α≤40°. La lumière sort de préférence du panneau lumineux par réflexion spéculaire.
PCT/IB2005/050216 2004-01-30 2005-01-19 Panneau lumineux et systeme d'eclairage WO2005073622A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04100336 2004-01-30
EP04100336.9 2004-01-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005073622A1 true WO2005073622A1 (fr) 2005-08-11

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TW (1) TW200540476A (fr)
WO (1) WO2005073622A1 (fr)

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WO2008084420A1 (fr) 2007-01-12 2008-07-17 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Panneau émettant de la lumière ayant des cavités pour un couplage de lumière vers l'extérieur
US7537374B2 (en) 2005-08-27 2009-05-26 3M Innovative Properties Company Edge-lit backlight having light recycling cavity with concave transflector
US8138479B2 (en) 2009-01-23 2012-03-20 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Integrated light emitting and light detecting device
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US8358266B2 (en) 2008-09-02 2013-01-22 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Light turning device with prismatic light turning features
WO2013181059A1 (fr) * 2012-06-01 2013-12-05 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Guide de lumière pourvu de réflecteurs de fresnel
US8979349B2 (en) 2009-05-29 2015-03-17 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Illumination devices and methods of fabrication thereof
US9244212B2 (en) 2008-01-30 2016-01-26 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Illumination device having a tapered light guide
US9857518B2 (en) 2005-08-27 2018-01-02 3M Innovative Properties Company Direct-lit backlight having light recycling cavity with concave transflector

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EP1256834A2 (fr) * 2001-05-07 2002-11-13 Nitto Denko Corporation Dispositif d'affichage réflectif à cristal liquide
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Cited By (16)

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US8169688B2 (en) 2004-09-27 2012-05-01 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. System and method of reducing color shift in a display
US7537374B2 (en) 2005-08-27 2009-05-26 3M Innovative Properties Company Edge-lit backlight having light recycling cavity with concave transflector
US9857518B2 (en) 2005-08-27 2018-01-02 3M Innovative Properties Company Direct-lit backlight having light recycling cavity with concave transflector
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