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WO2005070635A1 - Feuille composite etanche a l'eau - Google Patents

Feuille composite etanche a l'eau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005070635A1
WO2005070635A1 PCT/CN2005/000016 CN2005000016W WO2005070635A1 WO 2005070635 A1 WO2005070635 A1 WO 2005070635A1 CN 2005000016 W CN2005000016 W CN 2005000016W WO 2005070635 A1 WO2005070635 A1 WO 2005070635A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
waterproof sheet
composite waterproof
weight
sheet according
parts
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2005/000016
Other languages
English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Tianrui Ren
Original Assignee
Institute Of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy Of Sciences
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Institute Of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy Of Sciences filed Critical Institute Of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy Of Sciences
Publication of WO2005070635A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005070635A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/04—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres from fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/007—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres and at least partly composed of recycled material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
    • C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a composite waterproof sheet and a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique
  • fly ash and straw are two major wastes in today's industrial and agricultural production. According to statistics, the emissions of fly ash and straw worldwide are about 160 million tons / year and 2.9 billion tons / year respectively, while in China they are 110 million tons / year and 600 million tons / year. In addition, with the increase in consumer demand for plastics, the total amount of waste plastics is also expanding.
  • fly ash Due to the characteristics of high mechanical strength and light weight, fly ash is disclosed in GB 1468165 and CN 91102499 for directly compressing and preparing ceiling materials; and CN 99211198 is disclosed in the technology of preparing fire-proof boards. Summary of the invention
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects that the sheet made by the prior art has low strength, is not waterproof and fireproof, and is easy to cause environmental pollution during the production process, so as to provide a composite waterproof sheet with high strength, water resistance, and less likely to cause environmental pollution.
  • the object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
  • the present invention provides a composite waterproof sheet made of the following components through blend molding polymerization: 20 to 70 parts by weight of vegetable fiber;
  • the plant fibers include straws of agricultural crops, fiber powder made from branches of various trees as raw materials, and wood chips generated from wood processing; the crops include wheat, rice, corn, cotton, and sugar cane;
  • the fly ash includes coal-fired powder with a loss on ignition of thermal power plants, steel plants, chemical plants and other industries of less than 10%;.
  • the adhesive is a mixture prepared from maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, polyhydric alcohol, styrene, or a homologue thereof in a proportion of 10: 15: 10: 30 by weight;
  • the adhesive also includes melamine, acrylic, or rosin and dicyclopentadiene.
  • the composite waterproof sheet provided by the present invention further comprises: 10 to 40 parts by weight of plastic; the plastic is selected from polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), and ethylene-1 One or more of vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyurethane (PU), polypropylene (PP), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene phthalate (PET), ABS resin, SBS resin
  • the mixture may be a new plastic or a waste plastic, that is, a blend of powders of the various recycled thermoplastics described above in any proportion.
  • the invention provides a method for preparing the composite waterproof sheet, which includes the following steps:
  • step 3 Pour 10 ⁇ 60 parts by weight of fly ash into the pre-molding material of step 2), mix it uniformly to make a molding material;
  • step 4) Fill the molding material obtained in step 3) in the cavity of the molding machine, and heat it at 110 ° C for 10 minutes under the condition of 5Mpa. Cool it to 80 ° C while maintaining this pressure, and stop pressing; cool to 50 ° Below C, open the mold cavity to obtain a composite waterproof sheet and trim it for future use;
  • the plant fibers include straws of crops, fiber powder made from branches of various trees as raw materials, and wood chips generated from wood processing; the crops include wheat, rice, corn, cotton, and sugar cane;
  • the fly ash includes coal-fired powders with a loss on ignition of less than 10% in thermal power plants, steel plants, chemical plants and other industries;
  • the adhesive is a mixture prepared from maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, polyhydric alcohol, styrene, or a homologue thereof in a proportion of 10: 15: 10: 30 by weight;
  • the adhesive also includes melamine, acrylic, or rosin and dicyclopentadiene.
  • the length of the plant fiber in step 1) is preferably 5-20 mm.
  • the peroxidation initiator is hydrogen peroxide, benzamide peroxide or amine persulfate.
  • the method for preparing a composite waterproof sheet provided by the present invention further comprises adding 10 to 40 parts by weight of plastic in step 3).
  • the plastic is selected from polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA :), polyurethane (PU), polypropylene (PP :), polymer One or more of carbonate (PC), polyethylene phthalate (PET), ABS resin, and SBS resin may be a new plastic or a waste plastic.
  • PE polyethylene
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • PS polystyrene
  • EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
  • PU polyurethane
  • PP polypropylene
  • PC polyethylene phthalate
  • SBS resin SBS resin
  • the high-strength waterproof composite board prepared by using plant fiber, fly ash or / and plastic, using a material grafting technology and a semi-interpenetrating polymer network (Semi-IPN, Semi-interpenetrating polymer network,) has superior waterproof performance.
  • Si-IPN Semi-interpenetrating polymer network
  • Straw one of the main raw materials of composite waterproof sheet, has a large number of hydroxyl groups on the surface, which can form bond bonds and a large number of hydrogen bonds with the adhesive. Its role in the sheet is to increase the toughness of the artificial sheet and reduce the Unit weight, improve the bending resistance of artificial board;
  • Fly ash which is one of the main raw materials of composite waterproof sheet, is a kind of polyhydroxy inorganic mineral, which is not only light in weight, but also can improve the impact resistance of artificial sheet;
  • the adhesive of one of the main raw materials of composite waterproof sheet, the main components are butadiene anhydride, phthalic anhydride, polyol and styrene, with a small number of free carboxyl groups.
  • the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the fly ash are esterified to form a body structure, which improves the waterproofness and strength of the board.
  • melamine is added to the adhesive, a star-shaped polyamide can be formed.
  • Polystyrene forms an interpenetrating polymer network structure (IPN) adhesive, which greatly improves waterproof and anticorrosive properties; when rosin and dicyclopentadiene are added, the fluidity of the adhesive can be improved And applied surface finish;
  • IPN interpenetrating polymer network structure
  • Plastic one of the main raw materials of composite waterproof sheet, can be added to the composite sheet to reduce viscosity. The amount of the mixture improves the processability and decorability of the composite board;
  • the straw used in the present invention is the stem of a crop harvested directly from the farmland and dried to a free moisture content of ⁇ ; at 15%, pulverized with a straw pulverizer to a length of less than 50 mm, preferably 5 to 20 mm, $ 1 Prepare straw powder for future use.
  • the chemical composition of different straws is listed in Table 1.
  • the most commonly used in the present invention are wheat straw and rice straw.
  • the fly ash used in the present invention requires a loss on ignition of less than 10%, otherwise the content of unburned carbon particles therein is high, resulting in large water absorption, low strength, easy weathering, and detriment to the performance of the composite sheet.
  • the chemical composition of the fly ash is shown in Table 2.
  • the composite waterproof sheet I is tested according to the following method, and the density of the sheet is l.lg. / cm 3 , the water absorption is 1.1%, the impact strength is 4096.01 (KJ / m 2 ), the static bending strength is 20.822Mpa, and the AG of the insect control experiment is less than 0.1% of G1.
  • Test experiment I Method for measuring the density and water absorption of the board
  • the measurement accuracy is 0.1mm. Measure with a vernier caliper. After reaching the accuracy, select a balance with a sensitivity of O. Olg and weigh it. Record the mass G1 of each sample (accurate to 0.01g).
  • the test piece of mass G1 was immersed in distilled water in the container and kept at a water temperature of 20 ⁇ 5 ° C for 24 hours. Remove the test piece, blot the surface of the test piece with gauze or absorbent paper, and immediately weigh 0. The accuracy is 0.01g.
  • the conventional simple supported beam method was used to measure the impact energy (impact absorption energy) on the impact machine.
  • Hang the pendulum on the lifting arm of the rack during the test the center line of the pendulum rod and the plumb line passing through the center of the pendulum rod Become a lift angle of ⁇ , at this time the pendulum key has a positioning energy. Then let the pendulum fall freely, the potential energy is transformed into kinetic energy and hit the sample. After the sample breaks into two halves, the residual energy of the pendulum causes the pendulum to rise to a certain height, and the angle ⁇ is the rising angle.
  • w is the weight of the pendulum
  • 1 is the length of the pendulum. Record the impact energy (impact absorption energy) data on the impact tester.
  • a universal material tester (INSTRON-1121) was used to test the bending properties of the specimens.
  • the test conditions were a temperature of 23 ° C and a bend at 5mm / min. Calculate the bending strength according to the following formula: ⁇ ⁇ 3PL / 2bd 2
  • the measurement accuracy is 0.1mm. Measure with a vernier caliper. After reaching this accuracy, select a balance with a sensitivity value of 0.01 kg and record the mass G1 (accurate to 0.01g) of each sample.
  • the mass ratio of the adhesive—maleic anhydride (industrial grade), phthalic anhydride (industrial grade), propylene glycol (industrial grade), and styrene (industrial grade) is 10: 15: 10: 30 mixture of 100g, mixed with 2g of benzamide peroxide, and then mixed with 100g of wheat straw with a length of 5 to 20 mm to make a pre-molded material; 100g of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) Fine powder (Beijing Organic Chemical Plant No.2, Building Material Type 5) and 100g of power plant fly ash (300 mesh) are mixed uniformly and poured into this pre-molded material, and the mixture is hooked into a molded material.
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • Power plant fly ash 300 mesh
  • the composite waterproof sheet II was tested according to the method in Example 1.
  • the density of the sheet was Ug / cm3, the water absorption was 1.0%, the impact strength was 4501.03 (KJ / m 2 ), and the static bending strength was 35.853MPa.
  • the AG is less than 0.1% of G1.
  • the composite waterproof sheet II ⁇ XIXIX was prepared according to the methods of Examples 1 and 2, and tested according to the method of Example 1, which are listed in Tables 3 and 4.
  • maleic anhydride (A), phthalic anhydride (B :), propylene glycol (C :), styrene (D), melamine (E), acrylic acid ( F), rosin (G), and dicyclopentadiene (H) are represented by A, B, C, D, E, F, and G in that order.
  • the waterproof performance of the composite waterproof sheet provided by the present invention is significantly higher than the existing sheet. Its maximum water absorption is much lower than the 8% water absorption of other panels. In terms of its mechanical properties, its static bending strength is also much higher than the value of 16MPa for other plates; at the same time, it has high impact resistance and almost reaches the impact resistance of engineering plastics of the same quality.
  • the composite waterproof sheet provided by the present invention has excellent insect-proof performance, and termites cannot eat the material. In the process of producing this product, no sewage and exhaust gas are generated at all. It is a pure green product, completely free of formaldehyde, and can consume a large amount of industrial waste fly ash, farm waste straw and various waste plastics .
  • the composite waterproof board provided by the invention has the characteristics of waterproof, moisture-proof, strong and easy to use, and is convenient for processing. It can be used for manufacturing cabinets, tables, ladles, floors, doors and windows, light-weight keels, partitions, making packing boxes, home improvement imitations. Wood materials and other uses.
  • the flat surface is made of wood screws, glue, etc. to form a table, a countertop, a door panel and various construction materials described above.
  • the outer surface of the board can be putty, sanded, sprayed with various paints, and can be pasted on various surfaces. Or customize the corresponding mold, and directly press it into the product with the required shape, such as forming a whole door, window, floor, etc.
  • the decoration process of the outer surface of the material can either be veneered after the finished product is completed, or the outer surface material can be directly formed before the pressing.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte à une feuille composite étanche à l'eau. Cette feuille est obtenue par mélange de 20 à 70 % en poids d'une fibre végétale, de 10 à 60 % en poids de cendre de houille pulvérisée et de 5 à 40 % en poids d'un liant, et par moulage subséquent du mélange résultant, ladite fibre végétale inclut une poudre de fibre produite à partir de tiges de produits de récolte ou analogues, ladite cendre de houille pulvérisée contenant une poudre de houille caractérisée par une perte à la combustion inférieure à 10 % dans une variété d'industries, et ledit liant étant un mélange comprenant de l'anhydride maléique, de l'anhydride phtalique, de l'alcool polyhydrique, du styrène ou des homologues de styrène, de la mélamine, de l'acide acrylique ou rosine et du dicyclopentadiène. La feuille composite étanche à l'eau de la présente invention comprend également 10 à 40 % en poids d'un plastique neuf ou usagé. Cette feuille composite étanche à l'eau présente une résistance élevée, une bonne étanchéité à l'eau et se caractérise par une pollution réduite de l'environnement du fait que la plupart des matières employées sont des déchets de l'industrie et de l'agriculture. Ladite feuille composite étanche à l'eau peut être utilisée à grande échelle dans l'industrie de fabrication des feuilles, l'industrie de fabrication de meubles et l'industrie des matériaux de décoration et d'architecture, de même qu'elle peut être utilisée pour produire des matériaux destinés à la décoration intérieure automobile.
PCT/CN2005/000016 2004-01-15 2005-01-05 Feuille composite etanche a l'eau WO2005070635A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN200410000649.X 2004-01-15
CNB200410000649XA CN100368167C (zh) 2004-01-15 2004-01-15 一种复合防水板材及其制备方法

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WO2005070635A1 true WO2005070635A1 (fr) 2005-08-04

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ITUD20110142A1 (it) * 2011-09-13 2013-03-14 Roberta Bas Pannello per uso arredamento intermedia tra mdf e truciolare
CN111117093A (zh) * 2020-01-15 2020-05-08 杜傲宸 一种静曲强度高的eps板及其制备方法

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CN100364737C (zh) * 2006-04-25 2008-01-30 乔刚 纸面防水板的制作方法
CN101148058B (zh) * 2006-09-19 2010-05-12 中国科学院过程工程研究所 一种沙柳复合人造板和制备方法
CN100579743C (zh) * 2006-09-19 2010-01-13 中国科学院过程工程研究所 一种柠条复合人造板和制备方法
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CN103848590A (zh) * 2012-11-30 2014-06-11 王金青 一种新型环保复合板材
CN103435882B (zh) * 2013-07-05 2015-09-09 中盈长江国际新能源投资有限公司 热塑性木塑复合材料及其生产方法
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CN104568623A (zh) * 2014-08-13 2015-04-29 南京汉旗新材料科技有限公司 一种生物质材料硬度的测量方法
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CN105753431B (zh) * 2016-01-22 2018-06-19 卓达新材料科技集团有限公司 一种环保复合板及其制备方法
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CN113444375A (zh) * 2021-07-17 2021-09-28 郑州吉森木业有限公司 高强度无醛粉煤灰板材及其制作方法
CN116922517A (zh) * 2023-07-26 2023-10-24 沭阳鼎之鑫木业有限公司 一种高强度无甲醛的环保生态板

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITUD20110142A1 (it) * 2011-09-13 2013-03-14 Roberta Bas Pannello per uso arredamento intermedia tra mdf e truciolare
CN111117093A (zh) * 2020-01-15 2020-05-08 杜傲宸 一种静曲强度高的eps板及其制备方法

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CN1640640A (zh) 2005-07-20

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