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WO2005068337A1 - Dispositif de securite d'ascenseur - Google Patents

Dispositif de securite d'ascenseur Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2005068337A1
WO2005068337A1 PCT/US2003/041692 US0341692W WO2005068337A1 WO 2005068337 A1 WO2005068337 A1 WO 2005068337A1 US 0341692 W US0341692 W US 0341692W WO 2005068337 A1 WO2005068337 A1 WO 2005068337A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
braldng
members
link
braking
links
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2003/041692
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Michael C. Lang
John J. Kriss
Paul Bennett
Scott R. Armstrong
Original Assignee
Otis Elevator Company
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Otis Elevator Company filed Critical Otis Elevator Company
Priority to PCT/US2003/041692 priority Critical patent/WO2005068337A1/fr
Priority to AU2003300127A priority patent/AU2003300127A1/en
Publication of WO2005068337A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005068337A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/16—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well
    • B66B5/18—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces

Definitions

  • This invention generally relates to elevator safety devices. More particularly, this invention relates to features of elevator safety devices including a self-centering feature and a braking force adjustment feature.
  • Elevator systems typically include guide rails positioned within a hoistway to guide an elevator car as it travels between levels of a building, for example.
  • Safety devices provide an ability to stop the elevator car from moving (usually downward) by applying a braking force against the guide rails.
  • Various safety device configurations are known, including wedge, roll and scissor types.
  • One drawback associated with many safety devices is that they transmit lateral forces into the car frame if the safety device does not engage two sides of the guide rail simultaneously.
  • the braking force increases and provides inconsistent decelerations.
  • the variation in deceleration may exceed the amount allowed by current codes. It is desirable to provide a constant deceleration rate during a stopping event to satisfy current codes and provide greater comfort to passengers.
  • This invention provides improved elevator safeties that avoid the shortcomings and drawbacks discussed above.
  • One example safety device designed according to an embodiment of this invention has a plurality of braldng members adapted to engage oppositely facing surfaces on a guide rail.
  • a linkage connects the braldng members such that contact between one of the braking members and a guide rail surface causes movement of another one of the braldng members toward contact with an oppositely facing guide rail surface.
  • the linkage arrangement avoids transmission of lateral forces to the car frame or roller guides and provides a self-centering safety device.
  • Another example device designed according to an embodiment of this invention includes a plurality of braldng members that are selectively moveable into engagement with a guide rail.
  • a resilient limiting member automatically limits a braking force of the braldng members such that the braldng force does not exceed a selected threshold.
  • the limiting member in one example selectively adjusts the braldng force of the braldng members responsive to a change in a coefficient of friction associated with engagement between the braldng members and the guide rail.
  • the limiting member allows for having a consistent deceleration rate throughout an entire stopping event.
  • Figure 1 schematically illustrates selected portions of an elevator system including a safety device designed according to this invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic illustration of an elevator safety device designed according to an embodiment of this invention as seen from the side facing a guide rail.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of the embodiment of Figure 2 seen from the opposite side.
  • Figure 4 schematically illustrates the embodiment of Figure 2 in a first operating condition.
  • Figure 5 schematically illustrates the embodiment of Figure 2 in another operating condition.
  • Figure 6A schematically illustrates an operating feature of a safety device designed according to this invention in a first operating condition.
  • Figure 6B illustrates the feature of Figure 6A in a second operating condition.
  • Figure 7 schematically illustrates the operation of a braking force limiting device designed according to an embodiment of this invention.
  • Figure 8 graphically illustrates selected performance features of elevator safety devices.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows selected portions of an elevator system 20.
  • An elevator car assembly 24 travels along guide rails 26 that are supported within a hoistway (not illustrated) for example.
  • a plurality of guide roller assemblies 28 guide the car assembly 24 along the guide rails 26.
  • a governor device 30 includes a governor rope 32 that operates in a conventional manner.
  • a linkage 34 is associated with the governor rope 32 in a conventional manner to trigger safety device actuators 36 that operate safety devices 40 under selected circumstances. For example, when the car assembly 24 is descending at a speed that exceeds that allowed by the governor device 30, the safety devices 40 operate to apply a braldng force to the guide rails 26 to stop the car assembly 24 from further descent.
  • FIG. 2 shows one example safety device 40 designed according to this invention.
  • Braking members 42 are adapted to engage the guide rail 26 during a stopping event.
  • the braldng members 42 comprise friction pads of known materials.
  • a linkage 44 supports the braldng members 42 in a manner that renders the safety device 40 self-centering.
  • the linkage 44 includes braldng member support links 46 to which the braldng members 42 are secured.
  • a plurality of swing arm links 48 are associated with each of the braking member support links 46.
  • the swing arm links 48 are pivotally moveable relative to the braldng member support links 46 at the pivot axes 50. Opposite ends of the swing arm links 48 are pivotable about an axis 52.
  • the outward (according to the drawing) ends of the swing arm links 48 are coupled with connecting rod links 54 that extend into the page according to the drawing.
  • the connecting rod links 54 are pivotally mounted at 56 on a block link 58.
  • the block link 58 is adapted to be secured to the car frame of the car assembly 24 in a known manner.
  • the braldng member support links 46 and the swing arm links 48 are movable at least within a first plane that is parallel to the plane of the page.
  • the connecting arm links 54 extend generally perpendicular to the first plane.
  • One end of the connecting arm links 54 is visible in the illustration of Figure 2.
  • An opposite end of the connecting arm links 54 is visible in Figure 3, which illustrates an opposite side of the safety device 40 compared to the view of Figure 2.
  • a connecting link 60 is pivotally connected with the connecting rod links 54 such that back link members 62 are pivotally moveable relative to the connecting rod links 54.
  • the connecting link 60 includes yoke portions 66 between sets of the back link members 64.
  • the yoke members 66 provide reaction surfaces for a biasing portion 70 that biases the back link members 64 for movement with each other prior to full engagement of the braldng members 42 during a stopping event.
  • the biasing portion 70 in this example includes a rod 72 supporting a plurality of springs and in this case Belleville washers 74 that are compressed between the yoke portions 66 and securing members 76, which are threaded nuts and washers in this example.
  • the entire linkage is moveable in a manner that provides a self-centering function for the braldng device 40. This prevents any undesirable forces acting on the car frame or the roller guides 28.
  • the braldng device 40 is shown in a condition where the safety device is triggered to stop movement of the car assembly 24.
  • the situation in Figure 4 includes one of the braldng members 42 engaging one surface 80 on the guide rail 26 prior to the other braldng member 42 engaging the surface 82 on the guide rail 26. This may occur when the safety device is not centered about the guide rail, for example. This may also occur if the safety device actuators 36 do not operate consistently or have slightly varied tension or lengths, for example.
  • the swing arm links 48 are moving in an upward direction (somewhat clockwise according to the drawing).
  • the force 84 causes the connecting rod links 54 on the right hand side of the drawing to move outward in the direction of the arrow 84.
  • Such movement draws the back link 60 to the right according to Figure 4 or the left according to Figure 3.
  • This movement draws the connecting rod links 54 and the associated swing arm links 48 on the opposite side of the device 40 toward the guide rail surface 82, which brings the other braldng member 42 into engagement with the surface 82.
  • the linkage 44 is essentially free floating and provides for alignment of the braking members 42 so that both surfaces of the guide rail 26 are engaged and no intermediate lateral forces are transmitted to other portions of the car assembly 24.
  • the six links include the braldng member support link 46, the swing arm links 48, the connecting rod links 54 and the block link 58.
  • the top and bottom (according to the drawing) block portions 58 are considered one link.
  • the six bar linkage arrangement of this invention provides a significant enhancement to elevator safety devices.
  • the lower portion (according to the drawing) of the block link 58 includes a cradle 90 that supports the braking member supporting link 46 in a rest position.
  • the cradle 90 provides a ground point that prevents a false trip of the safety device as the cradle 90 prevents movement of the linkage. Because the braking member 42 moves upward and away (according to the drawing) from the cradle 90 during a stopping event, the cradle 90 does not impact the ability of the linkage to move and the device to utilize the self-centering features described above.
  • resilient limiting members 100 are supported on the block link 58 for selectively limiting upward (according to the drawing) movement of the braldng members 42 and the associated supporting links 46.
  • link-supported braldng members like the braldng members 42 reach a maximum braking force application position, which is often referred to as a top dead center position.
  • Conventional arrangements include stopping blocks to keep the braldng members from moving beyond the top dead center position.
  • One drawback associated with the conventional arrangements is that any changes in a coefficient of friction during a stopping event resulted in changing decelerations of the car assembly.
  • the example resilient limiting members 100 avoid that problem by effectively sensing changing braking conditions and automatically adjusting a braldng force applied by the braldng members 42 responsive to changes in the coefficient of friction during a stopping event.
  • FIG. 8 graphically illustrates the changes in a coefficient of friction over time during an example stopping event. Such changes occur because of inconsistencies in the guide rail surfaces, various substances on the guide rail surfaces, pressure, velocity, humidity, or other known factors.
  • Figure 8 also includes a graphical representation 104 of an ideal deceleration curve during a stopping event.
  • the curve 104 shows that there preferably are constant decelerations along much of the braldng event, to ensure a smoother stop and keep to forces within safety code limits, for example
  • the example resilient limiting members 100 accommodate variations in the coefficient of friction so that a stopping event may have an acceleration curve 104.
  • Figures 6 A and 6B schematically show two different positions of an example braldng member 42 during the stopping event.
  • Figure 6A shows the braldng member 42 near a resting position before engagement with the guide rail 26.
  • Figure 6B shows the braking member 42 in engagement with the guide rail 26 where a maximum braldng force F B is applied.
  • the change in distance ⁇ shown in Figure 6B corresponds to the amount of compression of the springs 74 during the stopping event. This maximum amount of compression provides the maximum braldng force applied by the braking members 42 against the guide rail 26.
  • the resilient limiting member 100 maintains the braking members 42 in the position illustrated in Figure 6B under most braldng conditions.
  • the example arrangement accommodates such situations because the limiting member 100 resiliency maintains a position of the braking members 42 that allows for the braking members 42, the braking member support links 46 and the swing arm links 48 to move further upward (according to the drawings) from the position shown in Figure 6B. Those portions move upward from the position illustrated in Figure 6A to the position illustrated in Figure 6B when the device 40 is activated.
  • the resilient limiting member 100 accommodates further upward movement (i.e., beyond the top dead center position) to lessen the normal spring force and the braldng force responsive to an increase in the coefficient of friction, for example.
  • FIG. 7 schematically illustrates one example limiting member 100 which comprises a preloaded spring. Assuming a deceleration range is selected corresponding to 0.2 to 1.0 g's, the spring 100 and the normal force springs 74 are selected according to known spring characteristics to activate the appropriate braking force. As the braldng member 42 contacts the spring 100, the preload force of the spring 100 resists motion of the braldng member 42 with a force equivalent to a 0.2 g braldng force.
  • the normal force provided by the spring 74 is equivalent to the normal force for a 1.0 g braking force. If the braldng force is .6 g's for example, the friction pad 42 continues to move upward until the resistive spring force of the limiting member 100 is equal to a 0.6 g braldng force and, in turn, reduces the normal force of the braking member 42 and the spring 74 to the normal force of a 0.6 g braldng force. This is possible because the braking member 42 travels beyond top dead center and the spring 74 deflection is reduced, which lessens the spring 74 force and normal force.
  • the car assembly 24 has a 5,000 kg load on safety (LOS) at 3.5 m/s contract velocity (Nc) and the average coefficient of friction
  • the normal force set to the previous maximum value at top dead center for 2.0 g's compensates for a coefficient of friction of 0.1125.
  • the example arrangement varies the normal force (i.e., braking force) to compensate for variations in the coefficient of friction during a stopping event, which provides a smoother deceleration within acceptable code limits.
  • braking force i.e., braking force
  • One benefit of the example sensing, resilient limiting 100 when utilized on a lever type elevator safety device is the ability to turn over the elevator after only one test in areas governed by certain codes. The ability to turn over the elevator after only one test saves field time and money by reducing the amount of time needed to turn over the safety. With conventional arrangements, an elevator cannot be turned over because of long or short slides during testing. This requires additional field time to reset the safeties and test to ensure compliance. Then another date has to be set to recertify in front of a licensed inspector. With traditional safeties, this is a common occurrence.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des dispositifs de sécurité d'ascenseurs assurant une meilleure gestion de force associée à des événements d'arrêt. Selon un exemple, une transmission (44) constitue un dispositif de sécurité à centrage automatique (40), des forces latérales étant supportées dans le dispositif de sécurité (40) et n'étant pas transférées vers d'autres parties d'un ensemble cabine (24). Dans un autre exemple, un élément de limitation élastique (100) règle automatiquement une force de freinage du dispositif de sécurité afin de supporter des changements au niveau du coefficient de frottement au cours d'un événement d'arrêt.
PCT/US2003/041692 2003-12-31 2003-12-31 Dispositif de securite d'ascenseur WO2005068337A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2003/041692 WO2005068337A1 (fr) 2003-12-31 2003-12-31 Dispositif de securite d'ascenseur
AU2003300127A AU2003300127A1 (en) 2003-12-31 2003-12-31 Elevator safety device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2003/041692 WO2005068337A1 (fr) 2003-12-31 2003-12-31 Dispositif de securite d'ascenseur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005068337A1 true WO2005068337A1 (fr) 2005-07-28

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PCT/US2003/041692 WO2005068337A1 (fr) 2003-12-31 2003-12-31 Dispositif de securite d'ascenseur

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AU (1) AU2003300127A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005068337A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1808398A1 (fr) * 2005-12-21 2007-07-18 Inventio Ag Patin de frein pour un dispositif de sécurité d'ascenseur
EP1870369A1 (fr) * 2006-06-19 2007-12-26 Inventio Ag Procédé destiné à la vérification d'un dispositif de frein de levage, un procédé destiné à la mise en service d'une installation de levage et un dispositif destiné à l'exécution d'une mise en service
JP2008001524A (ja) * 2006-06-19 2008-01-10 Inventio Ag エレベータのブレーキ装置の検査方法、エレベータ装置を稼働状態に移行させるための方法、および稼働状態への移行を実行するための装置
RU2465190C2 (ru) * 2005-12-21 2012-10-27 Инвенцио Аг Тормозной башмак, предназначенный для применения его в предохранительном механизме лифта
WO2017017488A1 (fr) * 2015-07-29 2017-02-02 Otis Elevator Company Bloc de sécurité pour ascenseur
US20230049908A1 (en) * 2019-12-02 2023-02-16 Inventio Ag Apparatus for guiding and braking a travelling body of an elevator system, which body is to be moved along a guide track

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3215231A (en) * 1962-08-28 1965-11-02 Lodige Alois Elevator catch brakes
US3250402A (en) * 1964-03-17 1966-05-10 Dresser Ind Safety brake
US6053287A (en) * 1997-04-25 2000-04-25 Invento Ag Linear drive for transportation equipment
US6176350B1 (en) * 1997-08-21 2001-01-23 Autzugstechnologie Schlosser Gmbh Progressive safety gear

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3215231A (en) * 1962-08-28 1965-11-02 Lodige Alois Elevator catch brakes
US3250402A (en) * 1964-03-17 1966-05-10 Dresser Ind Safety brake
US6053287A (en) * 1997-04-25 2000-04-25 Invento Ag Linear drive for transportation equipment
US6176350B1 (en) * 1997-08-21 2001-01-23 Autzugstechnologie Schlosser Gmbh Progressive safety gear

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1808398A1 (fr) * 2005-12-21 2007-07-18 Inventio Ag Patin de frein pour un dispositif de sécurité d'ascenseur
RU2465190C2 (ru) * 2005-12-21 2012-10-27 Инвенцио Аг Тормозной башмак, предназначенный для применения его в предохранительном механизме лифта
EP1870369A1 (fr) * 2006-06-19 2007-12-26 Inventio Ag Procédé destiné à la vérification d'un dispositif de frein de levage, un procédé destiné à la mise en service d'une installation de levage et un dispositif destiné à l'exécution d'une mise en service
JP2008001524A (ja) * 2006-06-19 2008-01-10 Inventio Ag エレベータのブレーキ装置の検査方法、エレベータ装置を稼働状態に移行させるための方法、および稼働状態への移行を実行するための装置
EP2316776A1 (fr) * 2006-06-19 2011-05-04 Inventio AG Méthode et dispositif pour la mise en service d'un système d'ascenseur.
AU2007202825B2 (en) * 2006-06-19 2013-03-07 Inventio Ag Method of checking lift braking equipment, a method for placing a lift installation in operation and equipment for carrying out placing in operation
WO2017017488A1 (fr) * 2015-07-29 2017-02-02 Otis Elevator Company Bloc de sécurité pour ascenseur
CN107848751A (zh) * 2015-07-29 2018-03-27 奥的斯电梯公司 电梯安全钳体
US20230049908A1 (en) * 2019-12-02 2023-02-16 Inventio Ag Apparatus for guiding and braking a travelling body of an elevator system, which body is to be moved along a guide track
US12077415B2 (en) * 2019-12-02 2024-09-03 Inventio Ag Apparatus for guiding and braking a travelling body of an elevator system, which body is to be moved along a guide track

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