WO2005066993A1 - 電子放出材料とその製造方法ならびにこれを用いた電子放出素子 - Google Patents
電子放出材料とその製造方法ならびにこれを用いた電子放出素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005066993A1 WO2005066993A1 PCT/JP2005/000110 JP2005000110W WO2005066993A1 WO 2005066993 A1 WO2005066993 A1 WO 2005066993A1 JP 2005000110 W JP2005000110 W JP 2005000110W WO 2005066993 A1 WO2005066993 A1 WO 2005066993A1
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- emitting material
- carbon material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J1/00—Details of electrodes, of magnetic control means, of screens, or of the mounting or spacing thereof, common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J1/02—Main electrodes
- H01J1/30—Cold cathodes, e.g. field-emissive cathode
- H01J1/304—Field-emissive cathodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/02—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems
- H01J9/022—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of cold cathodes
- H01J9/025—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of cold cathodes of field emission cathodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2201/00—Electrodes common to discharge tubes
- H01J2201/30—Cold cathodes
- H01J2201/304—Field emission cathodes
- H01J2201/30446—Field emission cathodes characterised by the emitter material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
Definitions
- Electron emitting material method of manufacturing the same, and electron emitting device using the same
- the present invention relates to an electron emission material containing a carbon material and a method for manufacturing the same.
- the present invention also relates to an electron-emitting device using the above-mentioned electron-emitting material.
- CNTs carbon nanotubes
- fullerene Materials containing carbon materials, such as amorphous carbon, diamond, carbon nanotubes (CNT), and fullerene, have been actively developed as electron emission materials used for electron sources of various devices such as displays.
- CNTs have excellent conductivity and heat resistance.
- the electron emission characteristics are excellent because the outside ratio (length Z diameter) is large and the electric field can be concentrated. Therefore, application to an electron source that can be driven at a lower voltage is expected.
- CNTs have problems such as manufacturing cost, mass productivity, and stability during long-term use.
- H10 (1998) -188778A / JP a metal element with a small work function is arranged on the surface of a carbon material via oxygen to change the electronic state of the surface, thereby improving the electron emission characteristics.
- the technology is disclosed.
- the carbon material disclosed in H10 (1998) -188778A / JP forms a carbon body with metal catalyst fine particles as nuclei, and terminates the surface of the formed carbon body with an alkali metal element or an alkaline earth metal element. Particles.
- the interaction with carbon is small due to the large size of the metal fine particles, and it is difficult to sufficiently change the electronic state of the carbon surface, so that it is difficult to obtain a large emission current density as an electron source. is there.
- 2003-53167A / JP discloses a film-like carbon material containing a metal element (a carbon film containing a metal element).
- the carbon material disclosed in 2003-53167A / JP It is formed by introducing a metal element into a molecule solution, forming a polymer film, and firing the formed polymer film.
- Metal elements to be introduced are Fe, Co, Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Zn, Cd, etc., Group 8 to Group 12 (The group of elements in this specification is based on the provisions of IUPAC (1989). Element), and the firing temperature ranges from 500 ° C to 1200 ° C.
- 2002-274827A / JP discloses a technique for adding a metal compound to polyamic acid!
- the metal compound added to the polyamic acid is chloride (! "105 (1993) -170536 / ? At column 20, lines 39 to 47), Phosphorus compounds (col. 4, line 48-col. 5, line 8 of 2002-274827 JP / A)
- the electronic state of the carbon material due to the interaction with carbon is It is difficult to improve the electron emission characteristics because it is difficult to change sufficiently, and these documents do not mention electron emission materials.
- the method for producing an electron-emitting material of the present invention is a method for producing an electron-emitting material containing a carbon material obtained by firing a polymer film, and is selected from a metal oxide and a metal carbonate.
- a polyamic acid solution in which at least one metal compound is dispersed is prepared, the polyamic acid solution is formed and imidized to form a polyimide film containing the metal compound, and the polyimide film is calcined by firing. This is a manufacturing method for forming a material.
- the metal compound is preferably a compound of at least one element selected from an alkali metal element and an alkaline earth metal element, Ca, Sr, Ba, Li, More preferably, it is a compound of at least one element selected from Na, K, Rb and Cs.
- the metal compound may be in the form of particles.
- the average particle diameter of the metal compound is preferably in the range of lOnm to 100 ⁇ m.
- the polyimide film is fired at a temperature of 1200 ° C. or more and 3000 ° C. or less.
- the electron-emitting material of the present invention is an electron-emitting material containing a carbon material, wherein a protrusion having a depression on the surface is formed on the surface of the carbon material, and the protrusion contains a metal element.
- the emission current density is at 1 X 10- 4 AZcm 2 or more, 5
- the shape of the protrusion as viewed in a directional force perpendicular to the surface of the carbon material is substantially circular or substantially elliptical, and the depression is formed when the directional force is viewed.
- the protrusion may be formed substantially at the center of the protrusion.
- the depth of the depression is less than the height of the protrusion.
- the carbon material may be a material obtained by firing a polymer film.
- the polymer film is preferably a polyimide film.
- the metal element is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal element and an alkaline earth metal element. Ca, Sr, Ba, Li, Na, K, More preferably, it is at least one selected from Rb and Cs.
- the average diameter of the protrusions as viewed in a direction force perpendicular to the surface of the carbon material is in the range of lOnm to 200 nm.
- the carbon material preferably has a graphite structure.
- the carbon material has a void therein, and is further disposed on the surface of the carbon material facing the void.
- the electron-emitting device of the present invention includes an electron-emitting layer containing an electron-emitting material, and an electrode that is arranged to face the electron-emitting layer and generates a potential difference between the electron-emitting layer and the electron-emitting layer.
- An electron-emitting device wherein the electron-emitting material includes a carbon material and has a depression on a surface. Raised bumps are formed on the surface of the carbon material, and the raised bumps include a metal element.
- FIG. 1 is a view schematically showing one example of an electron-emitting material of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the electron-emitting material shown in FIG. 1 as viewed from another angular force.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing another example of the electron emission material of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a view schematically showing another example of the electron-emitting material of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a view schematically showing still another example of the electron-emitting material of the present invention.
- FIG. 6A is a process drawing schematically showing one example of the method for producing an electron-emitting material of the present invention.
- FIG. 6B is a process drawing schematically showing one example of the method for producing an electron-emitting material of the present invention.
- FIG. 6C is a process drawing schematically showing one example of the method for producing the electron-emitting material of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the electron-emitting device of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing another example of the electron-emitting device of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a photograph showing the surface structure of a sample of a reference example, observed in the example.
- FIG. 10 is a photograph showing an example of the surface structure of the electron-emitting material of the present invention, observed in the examples.
- FIG. 11 is a photograph showing the surface structure of a comparative sample observed in the example.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of the electron-emitting material of the present invention.
- the electron-emitting material 1 shown in FIG. It contains a film-like carbon material 2 obtained by firing a molecular film (for example, a polyimide film).
- a bump 4 having a depression 3 on the surface is formed on the surface of the carbon material 2, and the metal element 5 is arranged on the bump 4.
- the carbon material 2 is a carbon film in which the metal element 5 is arranged and a raised structure in which a part is depressed is provided on the surface.
- the electron-emitting material of the present invention can be obtained, for example, by the method for producing an electron-emitting material of the present invention described below.
- the electron-emitting material 1 when an electric field is applied to the electron-emitting material 1, the electric field can be concentrated on the bumps 4 formed on the surface of the carbon material 2. Further, the electronic state of the surface of the carbon material 2 can be efficiently changed by disposing the metal element 5 on the ridge 4 existing on the surface of the carbon material 2. For this reason, the electron-emitting material 1 having excellent electron-emitting characteristics (for example, capable of emitting electrons with a lower applied voltage than before and having improved Z or emission current density) can be obtained.
- the shape of the ridge 4 is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a substantially circular shape, a substantially elliptical shape, a substantially polygonal shape, an irregular shape, or the like when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the surface of the carbon material 2. Usually, it is substantially circular or substantially elliptical.
- the number of the dents 3 included in the ridges 4 which may be present at any part of the surface of the ridges 4 is not particularly limited.
- a substantially circular bulge 4 having a depression 3 substantially at the center also referred to as a top
- the ridge 4 shown in FIG. 2 can be said to be a substantially arc-shaped ridge in which the portion surrounded by the arc is depressed.
- FIG. 2 is a view of the carbon material 2 shown in FIG. 1 as viewed from a direction perpendicular to the surface thereof.
- the size of the ridge 4 is not particularly limited. For example, when the average diameter (R shown in FIG. 2) when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the surface of the carbon material 2 is in a range from lOnm to 200 nm, Often, the range is not less than lOnm and not more than 100 nm.
- the shape, size, and the like of the depression 3 of the protrusion 4 are not particularly limited. The depth of the depression 3 is usually less than the height of the ridge 4.
- bumps 4 are formed on the order of 10 7 to 10 9 per 1 mm 2 of area.
- the emission current density is at 1 X 10- 4 AZcm 2 or more, 5 X 10 "4 A
- the type of the metal element 5 is not particularly limited, but may be an alkali metal element and an alkaline earth metal.
- at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ca (calcium), Sr (stodium tin), Ba (barium), Li (lithium), Na (sodium), K (potassium), and Rb (norrevisid) And Cs (cesium) power are more preferably at least one of the selected powers.
- the metal element 5 may be arranged at any part of the bump 4. Also, it is sufficient that the metal element 5 is arranged on at least a part of the ridges 4.
- the specific form of the arrangement is not particularly limited.For example, the metal element 5 may be adsorbed on the carbon structure constituting the bump 4, or the carbon structure and the metal element 5 may be chemically bonded. You may. Other elements such as oxygen may be interposed between the carbon structure and the metal element 5.
- the metal element 5 may be further arranged inside the carbon material 2 instead of the bump 4 alone.
- the amount of the metal element 5 contained in the carbon material 2 may be, for example, 0.01% to 10% by weight, and more preferably 0.05% to 5% by weight.
- the shape of the carbon material 2 is not particularly limited, and may be a film-like carbon material (carbon film) or a particulate carbon material as shown in FIG. Even in the particulate carbon material 2, the emission current density as an electron source can be secured by the effect of the electric field concentration by the ridge 4 and the change in the electron state due to the arrangement of the metal element 5 on the ridge 4. .
- the particulate carbon material 2 can be obtained, for example, by pulverizing a film-like carbon material 2 obtained by firing a polymer film.
- the structure of the carbon material 2 is not particularly limited, and may be amorphous (for example, amorphous carbon or the like), or as shown in FIG. It may be a carbon material 2 containing a certain graphite structure 6).
- amorphous for example, amorphous carbon or the like
- FIG. It may be a carbon material 2 containing a certain graphite structure 6.
- the carbon material 2 including the graphite structure 6 in which the crystal structure exists in at least a part of the region of the carbon material 2 at least two layers of dalaphen may be included.
- the size of the crystal structure is not limited, and the carbon material 2 may include a crystal structure on the order of several nm (for example, amorphous carbon) or may have a crystal structure on the order of several hundred nm (for example, a high orientation graph). Ait).
- the structure of the carbon material 2 for example, changes the temperature at which the polymer film is fired. Ff can be controlled.
- the carbon material 2 preferably contains a graphite structure 6 as a crystal structure.
- An electron-emitting material having excellent electron emission characteristics and excellent heat conductivity and conductivity can be obtained.
- the carbon material 2 shown in FIG. 3 includes the graphite structure 6 therein, the ridge 4 may include the graphite structure 6.
- the metal element 5 is further disposed at an end of the graphite structure 6, as shown in FIG.
- the electronic state of the surface of the carbon material 2 can be changed more efficiently.
- Such a carbon material 2 can be formed, for example, by controlling the temperature at which the high molecular film is fired.
- the carbon material 2 has a void 7 inside, and the metal element 5 is further arranged on the surface of the carbon material 2 facing the void 7. .
- the electronic state of the surface of the carbon material 2 can be changed more efficiently.
- the void 7 can be formed, for example, by controlling the temperature at which the polymer film is fired.
- the thickness of the carbon material 2 is, for example, in the range of 0.1 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m.
- FIGS. 6A to 6C show an example of a method for producing an electron-emitting material of the present invention.
- a polyimide film 12 containing at least one metal compound 11 selected from the group consisting of a metal oxide and a metal carbonate is formed.
- the polyimide film 12 containing the metal compound 11 is prepared, for example, by dispersing the metal compound 11 in a polyamic acid (polyamic acid) solution (ie, preparing a polyamic acid solution in which the metal compound 11 is dispersed).
- a polyamic acid (polyamic acid) solution ie, preparing a polyamic acid solution in which the metal compound 11 is dispersed.
- An acid solution can be formed by film formation and imidization.
- the polyamic acid solution in which the metal compound 11 is dispersed may be prepared by a general method.
- the method of forming a polyamic acid solution and imidizing may be a general method.
- a polyamic acid solution may be formed by forming a polyamic acid film, and the formed polyamic acid film may be subjected to heat treatment to form a polyimide film.
- This heat treatment can be performed at a temperature in the range of 200 ° C to 350 ° C, and the polyamic acid undergoes dehydration polymerization to be converted into polyimide.
- the specific method of film formation and heat treatment is not particularly limited, and a general method is used. Just fine.
- the formed polyimide film 12 is fired.
- the following phenomena are considered to occur: First, as shown in FIG. 6B, the polymer contained in the polyimide film 12 is carbonized, and the metal compound 11 diffuses inside the polyimide film 12 to diffuse. Many of them are aggregated near the surface of the film. Subsequently, as the firing proceeds, a part of the metal compound 11 desorbs to the outside while forming a bump 4 on the surface of the film. Since most of the metal compound 11 existing near the surface of the film is reduced by the firing, it is considered that the elimination mainly occurs in the state of the metal element 5 alone.
- a depression 3 is formed as a trace of the detachment of the metal element 5 (or the metal compound 11), and the detached and powerful metal element 5 is left on the ridge 4.
- the metal compound 11 is an oxidized or carbonated amide to form the ridges 4 and the dents 3 and to improve the electron emission characteristics due to the formation. It is.
- the electron emission material 1 of the present invention can be obtained. Note that, as shown in FIG. 6C, in the electron emission material 1 of the present invention, a part of the metal compound 11 may remain inside the carbon material 2.
- the metal compound 11 is preferably a compound of at least one element selected from the group consisting of alkali metal elements and alkaline earth metal elements (oxidizing compounds and Z or carbonic acid compounds), It is more preferable that the compound is a compound of at least one element selected from Ca, Sr, Ba, Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs (oxidizing compound and Z or carbonic acid compound).
- the shape of the metal compound 11 is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, particles.
- the average particle size of the particulate metal compound 11 may be, for example, in the range of lOnm to 100 m, and more preferably in the range of lOnm to 5 m.
- the amount of the metal compound 11 contained in the polyimide film 12 is, for example, preferably in the range of 0.01% to 10% by weight, and more preferably in the range of 0.05% to 5% by weight.
- the polyimide film 12 may be fired by, for example, housing the polyimide film 12 in a furnace whose inside is maintained at a firing temperature for a predetermined time.
- the calcination is preferably performed in an atmosphere of an inert gas (for example, a rare gas and Z or nitrogen).
- the firing of the polyimide film 12 may be performed, for example, at a temperature of 1200 ° C to 3000 ° C.
- Electron emitting materials with advanced graphite structures such as highly oriented graphite are required.
- firing at a higher temperature for example, 2000 ° C to 3000 ° C is preferable.
- the firing of the polyimide film 12 may be performed continuously in two or more different temperature ranges.
- pre-baking may be performed at a temperature of 1200 ° C. or less, which may be performed before firing, and after performing the thermal decomposition and carbonization reaction of the polyimide, baking is performed at a temperature of 1200 ° C. or more, The metal compound 11 is reduced and the carbonization reaction is further advanced to form a carbon material 2.
- the electron-emitting device of the present invention includes an electron-emitting layer containing the above-described electron-emitting material of the present invention, and an electrode that is arranged to face the electron-emitting layer and generates a potential difference between the electron-emitting layer and the electron-emitting layer. It has. Since the electron-emitting device of the present invention includes an electron-emitting material having excellent electron-emitting characteristics, for example, electrons can be emitted at a lower applied voltage, and the electron-emitting device has excellent electron-emitting characteristics (for example, power consumption is reduced. ) It can be an electron-emitting device.
- FIG. 7 shows an example of the electron-emitting device of the present invention.
- an emitter (electron-emitting layer) 22 containing the electron-emitting material of the present invention is formed on a substrate 23, and an anode 24 is arranged so as to face the emitter 22.
- an anode 24 is arranged so as to face the emitter 22.
- the electrons 31 can be emitted from the emitter 22.
- FIG. 8 shows another example of the electron-emitting device of the present invention.
- an emitter (electron-emitting layer) 22 containing the electron-emitting material of the present invention is formed on a substrate 23 via a conductive layer 25 so as to face the emitter 22.
- an anode 24 an emitter (electron-emitting layer) 22 containing the electron-emitting material of the present invention is formed on a substrate 23 via a conductive layer 25 so as to face the emitter 22.
- an anode 24 an anode 24.
- a gate insulating film 26 and a gate electrode 27 are arranged on the emitter 22, and the conductive layer 25, the gate electrode 27 and the anode 24 are electrically connected by a circuit 28.
- the space between the emitter 22 and the anode 24 is maintained in a vacuum atmosphere, and a circuit 28 is used to apply a voltage between the emitter 22 and the anode 24 so that the anode 24 is positive.
- the electron-emitting devices shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 are generally devices called field emission cold cathodes.
- the example shown in FIG. 7 has a diode structure, and the example shown in FIG. 8 has a triode structure. Called.
- the electron-emitting material of the present invention can be used regardless of the configuration of the electron-emitting device.
- a carbon film was formed by firing a polyimide film containing a metal compound, and the surface structure of the formed carbon film was evaluated. Further, an electron-emitting device using the formed carbon film as an electron-emitting material was fabricated, and the obtained emission current density was evaluated.
- the “example sample” refers to an electron-emitting material having bumps and depressions on the surface and improved electron-emitting characteristics.
- the “reference sample” refers to a small electron-emitting material having bumps and depressions on the surface, but having improved electron emission characteristics.
- the “comparative example sample” refers to an electron-emitting material that has no bumps and depressions on its surface and has improved electron emission characteristics.
- the prepared polyamic acid solution was spread on a petri dish to form a polyamic acid film containing silver nitrate particles.
- the formed film was dried in the air for 1 hour, it was gradually placed under a reduced pressure atmosphere using a vacuum pump to remove the solvent (total 10 hours).
- heat treatment was performed for 1 hour in a vacuum oven at 100 ° C. using a vacuum oven to produce a polyamic acid film.
- the prepared polyamic acid film was also peeled off from the Petri dish, it was fixed to a metal frame so that the film was not deformed.
- the polyamic acid film was heat-treated in an air at 300 ° C. for 2 hours using an oven to prepare a polyimide film.
- the polyamic acid was dehydrated and polymerized by this heat treatment and was imidized.
- the thickness of the prepared polyimide film was measured using a micrometer, it was about 50 / zm. Also, it is considered that silver nitrate was changed to silver because the color of the polyimide film had a metallic luster.
- the produced polyimide film was fired using an electric furnace. Specifically, first, under an argon gas atmosphere, the temperature of the polyimide film was raised to 1200 ° C (heating rate of 3 ° C / Z) and kept at 1200 ° C for 1 hour. Next, it was cooled to room temperature (cooling rate of 5 ° CZ) to obtain a carbon film. It is considered that the polyimide was thermally decomposed by firing, and nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen were desorbed to form a carbon film.
- the thickness of the obtained carbon film was about 45 m.
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- Multiple ridges were formed, and many of these ridges had depressions.
- the amount of silver contained in the carbon film was measured by ICP emission spectrometry and was found to be 0.5% by weight.
- EDX energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis
- barium carbonate (average particle size: 30 m) was used in place of silver nitrate in sample A, and barium carbonate was added to a solution containing polyamic acid so as to be 3% by weight of the whole.
- the thickness of the fabricated polyimide film was about 60 m, and when confirmed by an optical microscope, particles presumed to be barium carbonate were uniformly dispersed in the polyimide film.
- the produced polyimide film was fired in the same manner as in Sample A, to obtain a carbon film.
- the thickness of the obtained carbon film was about 50 m.
- an infinite number of protrusions were formed on the surface of the film with an average diameter in the range of about 10 nm to 30 nm. Was.
- many of the uplifts had depressions near the center (see Fig. 10).
- the amount of norium contained in the carbon film was measured by ICP emission spectrometry and was found to be 0.2% by weight.
- the surface of the carbon film was analyzed using DX, the distribution of norium was confirmed to overlap with the ridge. It should be noted that no distribution of oxygen was observed in the area where norium was distributed !, so it is considered that it exists in a simple state! /.
- the produced polyimide film was fired in the same manner as in Sample A, to obtain a carbon film.
- the thickness of the obtained carbon film was about 120 m.
- the surface of the carbon film was observed using SEM, countless protrusions were formed on the surface with an average diameter in the range of about 50 nm to 100 nm. In addition, crater-like depressions were found on the surfaces of many protuberances.
- the amount of cesium contained in the carbon film was measured by ICP emission spectrometry and found to be 0.3% by weight. When the surface of the carbon film was analyzed using EDX, the distribution of cesium was confirmed so as to overlap with the bumps. Cesium existed in a simple state.
- a polyimide film was prepared in the same manner as in Sample A except that no metal compound was added.
- the thickness of the prepared polyimide film was about 60 m.
- the produced polyimide film was fired in the same manner as in Sample A, to obtain a carbon film.
- the thickness of the obtained carbon film was about 100 m.
- SEM surface of the carbon film was observed using SEM, a plurality of depressions were confirmed on the surface, but no protrusion was formed.
- the amount of calcium contained in the carbon film was measured using ICP emission spectrometry, no calcium was detected.
- a polyimide film containing barium oxide (BaO) was produced.
- barium oxide particles (average particle size: Lm) were used instead of silver nitrate in Sample A, and the barium oxide particles were added to a solution containing polyamic acid so as to be 1% by weight of the whole.
- the thickness of the prepared polyimide film was about 60 m, and it was confirmed by an optical microscope that barium oxide particles were uniformly dispersed in the polyimide film.
- the produced polyimide film was fired using an electric furnace. Specifically, first, under an argon gas atmosphere, the temperature of the polyimide film was raised to 1200 ° C. (heating rate of 3 ° C./Z) and maintained at 1200 ° C. for 3 hours (preliminary firing). Next, the carbon film was cooled to room temperature (at a cooling rate of 5 ° CZ), and the weight of the produced carbon film was measured to be about 50% to 60% by weight of the polyimide film before the preliminary firing.
- the temperature of the carbon film is raised to 2800 ° C (temperature rising rate up to 1200 ° C for 5 ° CZ, temperature rising rate above 1200 ° C for 3 ° CZ), 2800 ° C For 2 hours (final firing).
- it was cooled to room temperature (cooling rate to 220 ° C for 10 ° CZ, cooling rate for 2200 ° C or less at 20 ° CZ) to obtain a carbon film
- the thickness of the carbon film after the main firing was about 60 m, and the surface was observed using an SEM. As a result, countless protrusions having an average diameter in the range of about 20 nm to 50 nm were formed. In addition, depressions were confirmed on the surface of many uplifts. Subsequently, when the cross section of the carbon film was observed, a graphite structure was formed in which graphene was bent and stacked. In addition, there are countless voids inside the carbon film, and the size of the voids is in the range of about 50 nm to 500 nm. Met.
- each sample (carbon film) molded into a square of 5 mm is arranged as an emitter 22 on a stainless steel substrate, and an anode 24 made of ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) is placed so as to face the emitter 22.
- the distance between the emitter 22 and the anode 24 was 1 mm.
- the space between the Emitta 22 and the anode 24, the pressure was reduced so that the degree of vacuum becomes 5 X 10- 7 Torr, the voltage of 3 kV (electric field strength between the Emitta 22 and the anode 24 3KVZmm, anode 24 ,
- the emission current density was measured.
- the measurement results of the emission current density are shown in Table 1 below.
- the emission current of the electron-emitting device using the sample 14 of the example was higher than that of the electron-emitting device using the samples A to C of the reference example and the comparative example. The density was improved.
- the present invention it is possible to provide an electron-emitting material having excellent electron-emitting properties and a method for producing the same. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an electron-emitting device having better electron-emitting characteristics than before.
- the electron-emitting device of the present invention is not particularly limited.
- D Field Emission Display
- cathode ray tubes emitters, light sources, and electron guns.
- a Spindt-type electron-emitting device using a high-melting-point metal such as silicon or molybdenum has been conventionally developed.
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JP2005516892A JP3809182B2 (ja) | 2004-01-08 | 2005-01-07 | 電子放出材料とその製造方法ならびにこれを用いた電子放出素子 |
US11/102,852 US7147529B2 (en) | 2004-01-08 | 2005-04-11 | Electron emission material, method of manufacturing the same, and electron emission element including the same |
US11/507,012 US20060279192A1 (en) | 2004-01-08 | 2006-08-21 | Electron emission material, method of manufacturing the same, and electron emission element including the same |
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WO (1) | WO2005066993A1 (ja) |
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WO2007072739A1 (ja) * | 2005-12-21 | 2007-06-28 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | マンガン酸化物ナノ粒子分散材料及び電極の製造方法 |
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KR100932974B1 (ko) * | 2003-04-08 | 2009-12-21 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 전자 방출용 카본계 복합입자의 제조방법 |
WO2009069688A1 (ja) * | 2007-11-30 | 2009-06-04 | Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. | ポリイミド系複合材料およびそのフィルム |
PL216549B1 (pl) * | 2008-08-19 | 2014-04-30 | Univ Jagielloński | Sposób wytwarzania przewodzących warstw węglowych na nośnikach proszkowych |
JP5063715B2 (ja) * | 2010-02-04 | 2012-10-31 | 株式会社日立ハイテクノロジーズ | 電子源,電子銃、それを用いた電子顕微鏡装置及び電子線描画装置 |
JP5887494B2 (ja) | 2012-03-22 | 2016-03-16 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | グラファイトシートの製造方法 |
JP2018111905A (ja) * | 2017-01-13 | 2018-07-19 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | 炭素材料とその製造方法 |
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JP3809182B2 (ja) | 2006-08-16 |
US7147529B2 (en) | 2006-12-12 |
US20050184635A1 (en) | 2005-08-25 |
JPWO2005066993A1 (ja) | 2007-07-26 |
US20060279192A1 (en) | 2006-12-14 |
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