WO2005053775A1 - Microdispositif de diagnostic et de therapie in vivo - Google Patents
Microdispositif de diagnostic et de therapie in vivo Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005053775A1 WO2005053775A1 PCT/FR2004/050602 FR2004050602W WO2005053775A1 WO 2005053775 A1 WO2005053775 A1 WO 2005053775A1 FR 2004050602 W FR2004050602 W FR 2004050602W WO 2005053775 A1 WO2005053775 A1 WO 2005053775A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- microdevice
- channel
- silicon
- main
- electrodes
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
- A61M5/142—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps
- A61M5/14244—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps adapted to be carried by the patient, e.g. portable on the body
- A61M5/14276—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps adapted to be carried by the patient, e.g. portable on the body specially adapted for implantation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
- A61B2562/02—Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
- A61B2562/028—Microscale sensors, e.g. electromechanical sensors [MEMS]
Definitions
- TECHNICAL FIELD AND PRIOR ART 1 / invention relates to the field of diagnostic and / or therapy microdevices, whose applications are in medical fields as diverse as electrotransfection, electrostimulation, electrodiffusion, recording of the electrical or biochemical activity, or the dispensing and removal of substances in vivo and in situ.
- Such minimally invasive micro-devices according to the invention allow the investigation of the human or animal body. They are also tools to aid in diagnosis or therapy. They make it possible to target areas of sizes between a few hundred micrometers and a few centimeters. Imaging systems are known, associated with different markers, which allow functional monitoring, in vivo, of tissues of interest. These technologies, although more and more efficient, remain however a tool of study and global diagnosis.
- micro-injectors Some research laboratories have designed prototypes of electrically addressable micro-injectors. These devices have a thin end that can be inserted into the target tissue, and a wide end used for electrical and fluid connections. This second end is most often wide and a few millimeters or a few centimeters thick. It is bulky, and it cannot be inserted in vivo, which limits access to deep and fragile areas such as the brain. These known devices are therefore limited by the size of the gripping element and of the connections. The problem therefore arises of making micro-devices for in vivo applications, in particular with a view to diagnosis and / or therapy. There is also the problem of realizing different functionalities in a device having a section, or a size, of a few hundred micrometers.
- the invention proposes to use other techniques for producing implantable micro-devices.
- the invention proposes the use of microtechnological methods for devices of the catheter or probe type.
- the shapes thus produced are not circular or even rounded, these microdevices have proven their biocompatibility in vivo.
- the invention firstly relates to a micro-device for diagnosis or therapy in vivo, comprising: a body, substantially longitudinal, provided, in the direction of its length, with at least one main channel, an inlet of which is situated at a first end of the body, - and one or more secondary channels connecting to at least one main channel, and opening laterally through lateral outlets.
- Such a micro-device allows easy injection of liquid products and / or microparticles into the human body, in particular into the brain.
- Such a device may also include one or more electrodes, disposed on an external portion of the body, and one or more electrical connection studs located at the first end of the body, in the vicinity of the entrance to said channel. .
- the invention also relates to a microdevice for in vivo diagnosis or therapy comprising: a substantially longitudinal body, crossed by at least one main channel, an inlet of which is located at a first end of the body, - one or more electrodes, disposed on a portion outside the body, one or more electrical connection studs located at the first end of the body, in the vicinity of the entrance to said channel.
- the section of the body of the microdevice may include angles, sharp or blunt, and for example be quadrilateral.
- the electrical connection pads can include micro-imprints or etched zones produced in the body of the microdevice.
- a device according to the invention comprises a second end in the form of a bevel. It can also include at least two parallel main channels, which allows the injection of different products or liquids into the tissues. One or more secondary channels can be connected to at least one main channel and open laterally by lateral outlets, which again facilitates the injection of product, or the removal of products, into the tissues crossed.
- the body of the device may have a section whose maximum dimension is less than
- the body itself has, for example, a longitudinal extension of between 0.5 cm and 3 cm.
- a funnel-shaped fluid channel inlet allows easy insertion of injection capillaries into the channel.
- the invention also relates to a method of producing a microdevice for in vivo diagnosis or therapy comprising: the production of two portions of the substantially longitudinal microdevice, each portion comprising at least one half-channel extending in a longitudinal direction, or indeed a first portion comprising a channel, the assembly of the two portions, directly between them or with an intermediate layer, so as to form at least one main channel extending in a longitudinal direction.
- One or more electrode (s), and one or more electrical connection pads can be produced on at least one of the two portions, for example by etching or by depositing biocompatible metal.
- the intermediate layer may include a fluid channel. A portion of at least one secondary channel, or at least one secondary channel, can be produced.
- the invention also relates to a method for producing a microdevice for diagnosis or therapy in vivo, comprising the production of two half-devices in one or two SOI plates, each plate comprising a surface silicon layer having a free face, or first face, and a second face, in contact with a buried insulating layer, this process comprising, for each half-device: - the etching of the first face of the surface layer of silicon, and the deposition of a metal noble biocompatible, on this first face, to produce at least one electrode and at least one connection pad, - the etching of the second face of the silicon surface layer, to produce at least one fluid half-network, comprising at least one half-channel extending in a longitudinal direction, then - the assembly of the two micro-devices by their second faces, possibly with a layer of intermediate silicon, in ur form at least one fluid network channel.
- FIGS. 5A to 6 represent details of the embodiment of the proximal end of a device according to the invention
- FIGS. 7A to 11 represent steps of methods according to the invention.
- a first embodiment of the invention is illustrated in Figure 1.
- the microsystem of this figure is of substantially parallelepiped shape. It has a substantially longitudinal extension, along a longitudinal axis BB '. If the parallelepiped shape is shown, it is understood that it may be an elongated shape of any quadrilateral section, or even of any section having sharp angles, that is to say not rounded, or blunt .
- the section of the microdevice is rectangular and / or it is planar, with two parallel longitudinal faces.
- the microsystem has different electrodes 10 on its upper 12 and lower 13 faces. It could also have only one on one or the other of these faces.
- Electrodes 10 are individually addressable and electrically connected by means of connections 16 located on the proximal face 14 of the device.
- This face 14 also has an opening 18 towards a fluidic network.
- a fluid network is composed of a main channel 24 which serves secondary channels 26, 28.
- the inlet 18 of the main channel is located on the proximal face 14.
- One or more outlets 23, 27 of secondary channels can be located on the lateral and / or upper 12 and / or lower 13.
- the channel 24 does not open the side of 'the distal end 20 of the device. According to a variant, it could open out on the side of this end 20, as indicated in broken lines in FIG. 2.
- the device could have only one main channel opening out on the side 20, and no lateral channel, one or more electrodes being arranged on at least one of the external faces of the device.
- FIGS. 3A, 3B and 4 These figures represent a microdevice with respectively two (FIGS. 3A and 3B) and three (FIG. 4) microfluidic networks.
- FIGS. 3A and 3B these figures represent a microdevice with respectively two (FIGS. 3A and 3B) and three (FIG. 4) microfluidic networks.
- two inputs 218, 219 of fluidic networks and, in Figure 4, three inputs 318, 319, 320 of such networks, these inputs being arranged in the proximal face 14 of the device.
- Such a device may or may not include lateral electrodes 10.
- One or several fluid channels can open out on the side of the distal end 20.
- the section of the openings 18, 218, 219, 318, 319, 320 of the proximal face 14 varies according to the number of fluid networks desired and the final size required of the device.
- the number, sections and spacings between the fluid outlets 22, 222, 322 of the secondary channels are functions of the application.
- the angle formed between the secondary channels and the main channel can be between 0 and 90 degrees, for example between 10 and 90 degrees.
- a device according to the invention comprises at least one main channel (two main channels in FIG.
- the distal face 20 of the device is preferably beveled in order to facilitate penetration of the device into a sensitive organ or tissue.
- the length L of the device is for example between 500 ⁇ m or 1 cm and 2 cm or 3 cm.
- the microdevice is secured at its proximal end 14 to a conventional insertion system for its use.
- a catheter or probe for example, it can be glued to a catheter or probe; in particular, it can be adapted at the end of the syringe.
- FIG. 5A shows more precisely the stage of electrical connections 16.
- electrical connections 161, 163 are arranged, for example cables inserted in specially provided slots 162, 164 for this purpose.
- notches are in fact engraved in at least one of the two faces 12 - 14: in FIG. 5A, the two faces 12, 14 are engraved, as are the two faces 13 and 14.
- the notches can have the shape represented on the FIG. 5B: flat portions 17, 19, inclined respectively from the upper 12 and lower 13 faces towards the proximal face 14, constitute contact zones.
- Other shapes can be produced, for example in the form of parallelepipeds 27, 29, as illustrated in FIG. 5C.
- On the flat portions 17, 19 or on the faces 271, 273 and 291, 293 of the parallelepipeds 27, 29 can be deposited a layer of biocompatible conductive metal, as described below, on which the ends of the connections 161, 163 will be fixed.
- FIG. 5A the two faces 12, 14 are engraved, as are the two faces 13 and 14.
- the notches can have the shape represented on the FIG. 5B: flat portions 17, 19, inclined respectively from the upper 12 and lower 13 faces towards the proximal face 14, constitute contact zones.
- Other shapes can be produced, for example
- the microdevice according to the invention can therefore have an integrated connection stage: the electrodes 10 and the connections are located respectively on the body of the device and in its extension or in its periphery or in its side walls, without exceeding beyond or in outside the cross section (perpendicular to the longitudinal axis BB ') of the body.
- This allows insertion into guidance systems of the type used in vivo, and gives the device very little character. tissue destroyer that it may encounter in its path.
- a microcapillary 30 for injecting a fluid can be inserted into the inlet of the main channel 24 of a microfluidic network. In fact, as seen in top view in FIG.
- the inlet of the main channel is then preferably configured in the shape of a "V", so as to receive and guide a capillary 30 introduced by the proximal face 14 (see figure 6).
- each opening 218, 219, 318, 319, 320 can receive a capillary in the manner which has just been described.
- One of the main channels, opening on the side of the end 20, can receive an optical fiber, while another main channel makes it possible to circulate a fluid, for example injected by a capillary 30.
- a device may or may not , electrodes 10.
- the optical fiber is used to inject or collect radiation.
- the technological stack of the microdevice according to the invention therefore makes it possible to integrate the stage of electrical and fluidic connections.
- This stage is therefore of dimensions equivalent to the device itself and can be included in a hollow guide device.
- a micro-device according to the invention can serve as an injector, or as an electrostimulator or electrotransfector, or as an electrodiffusor.
- the surface electrodes 10 can moreover make it possible to record cellular electrical activity in response to biochemical stimulation via the micro-fluidic injection network (s), or else '' record cellular electrical activity simultaneously with the collection of a liquid sample via this (s) same (s) fluidic network (s).
- the electrodes of this device can also be biochemically functionalized so as to capture certain cellular products of interest, following an injection, or not, of bioactive molecules, an electrical measurement then being carried out.
- bio-chemical sensors or segments of DNA or RNA or antibodies or cells it is possible to attach to these electrodes bio-chemical sensors or segments of DNA or RNA or antibodies or cells.
- the device according to the invention does not include means for carrying out electrical measurements, therefore no electrodes 10 or pads 16 of electrical connection, but it has at least one longitudinal main channel, and , optionally, one or more secondary channels and / or waveguides, as explained above.
- Such a fluidic system allows the injection or removal of microquantities of product in the human body, and / or possibly the removal or injection of radiation.
- a device according to the invention can be used in cerebral structures without causing damage to the tissues encountered.
- a first production method will now be described. It implements “SOI” type techniques. Such techniques are for example described in the book by QY. Tong and U. Gôsele entitled “Semi-conductor afer Bonding”, The Electrochemical Society & Series, 1999.
- a starting component 50 is for example an SOI substrate (FIG. 7A).
- An SOI structure (abbreviation of “Silicon on Insulator”) typically comprises a layer of silicon 56, under which is made a buried layer 54 of silicon oxide, which itself rests on a substrate 52 made of silicon, the latter playing the role of mechanical support.
- the layer 56 has a thickness of between a few tens of micrometers, for example between 50 ⁇ m and 100 ⁇ m or 150 ⁇ m.
- the insulating layer 54 may have a thickness of between 1 ⁇ m and a few tens of micrometers, for example 20 ⁇ m.
- notches 58 are produced which prefigure the electrical connection pads, such as those shown for example in FIGS. 5B and 5C. These notches are for example produced by wet etching of the silicon, through an etched layer 57 of silicon nitride.
- FIG. 7C represents the appearance of the component obtained after this step, in section along the plane XX 'of FIG. 7B. This figure shows the notches 53 obtained. It is then proceeded (FIG. 7D) to a deposit of a layer 60 of silicon nitride, then of a layer 62 of a biocompatible noble metal (for example Au (gold), or Cr (chromium), or Ti ( titanium), or Pt (platinum)).
- a biocompatible noble metal for example Au (gold), or Cr (chromium), or Ti ( titanium), or Pt (platinum
- FIG. 7E represents, still along the plane XX ′, the structure obtained with a deposit of a layer of metal 62 in the grooves 53, as well as on the area non-etched plane of the layer 56, and two lateral pads 61-1, 61-2 made of silicon nitride.
- the assembly is then covered with a layer 64 of insulator, for example silicon oxide (FIG.
- FIG. 7F shows, then assembled with the surface layer 72 of silicon oxide of a component comprising a silicon substrate 70 ( FIG. 7G) covered with said layer 72 of silicon oxide.
- the assembly is carried out by molecular adhesion, at a temperature of approximately 300 ° C.
- the substrate 70 will have a support function for the rest of the operations.
- the silicon substrate 52 is removed by polishing, leaving the insulating layer 54 (FIG. 7H).
- the layers 54 and 56 are then etched so as to reveal channels 74, 76 of the future fluid network (FIG. 71).
- FIG. 13 shows, in section along the axis XX ′, one half 75 of the future longitudinal channel, obtained by etching the layer 56.
- we proceed we proceed (FIG.
- FIGS. 7L and 7M two devices 200 are released, 300 as illustrated in FIGS. 7L and 7M.
- the references 18 and 118 respectively designate the inlet provided for the fluid network.
- FIG. 7N represents, in side view, along the plane XX ′, the inlet 18 provided with the studs electrical connections, in particular carrying the metallic deposits 62, 162.
- a device according to FIG. 1 is thus obtained.
- the production of a device such as that of FIG. 3, which comprises two fluidic networks, is obtained by identical steps until 'to those of Figures 71, 7J. Then (FIG.
- the component obtained is assembled with an SOI plate, comprising a layer 256 of silicon, a layer 254 of insulator and a substrate 252 of silicon. This step makes it possible to define a first fluid network between the silicon plates 56 and 256 (FIG. 8B).
- the substrate 252 and the layer 254 of insulation are removed by polishing.
- the component obtained is then assembled with a second component of the type illustrated in FIG. 71, having a layer of silicon 356 etched to form a second fluid network therein, and various layers of silicon nitride, of biocompatible metal, of oxide. of silicon on a substrate 352 (FIG. 8C) as already described above.
- a structure is formed with two fluid networks separated by the layer 256 of silicon.
- This plate is for example obtained by molecular assembly of two half-layers 452, 454 (FIG. 9B) of silicon in which two half-channels 416, 420 have been etched, respectively, and the corresponding secondary half-channels, these two plates then being assembled. as shown in Figure 9B.
- Each of the plates 452, 454 can be the silicon surface layer of an SOI component further comprising a substrate 459, 461, an insulating layer 455, 457.
- the two SOI components are treated to produce two half-channels 416, 420 in this surface layer, then assembled as shown in Figure 9B.
- the substrate 459 and the insulating layer 455 are then eliminated, the substrate 461 being temporarily stored to allow a transfer as illustrated in FIG. 8A.
- FIGS. 10A - 10E illustrate a method of producing a slightly larger device, with standard silicon technologies.
- This method is particularly suitable for producing a device such as that already mentioned above, the width 1 and the height H of which are for example between 500 ⁇ m and 900 ⁇ m.
- a cavity 82 is produced, intended to form the electrical connection pads: this cavity is obtained by wet etching of the silicon 80 through a mask. silicon nitride having the suitable shape.
- a layer 84 of a noble and / or biocompatible metal is deposited. The latter is etched, by dry or wet etching through a resin mask (not shown in FIG. 10A).
- a layer 86 of silicon oxide is deposited.
- This layer is etched through a resin mask, this step making it possible to release openings 90 and to define studs 91 between the different electrodes.
- the reference 88 designates a mask, for example made of resin or metal.
- FIG. 10C we then proceed (FIG. 10C) to an etching on the rear face of the silicon plate 80, in order to produce the half-channels and the lateral openings 99 which will define the fluidic network.
- This etching is obtained by dry etching, through a mask, for example of resin, formed on a layer 97 of silicon nitride deposited on the rear face (FIG. 10B). Two components thus obtained are then assembled, as illustrated in FIG. 10D.
- the reference 180 designates the second silicon wafer in which the second half-component is made.
- the side openings 190 of the fluid network are also seen there.
- a cutting step implemented using the dry etching techniques already described above, then makes it possible to release the device (FIG. 10E).
- the number of channels can be increased according to techniques similar to those explained above in conjunction with FIGS. 8A - 8C and 9A - 9B.
- two half devices are not produced each with a half fluid network, which is assembled then, but a complete fluid network. For example (FIG. 11), the layer 56 of FIG.
- FIGS. 10A - 10 E in this method, the device can be produced by assembling a component similar to that of FIG. 10C, etched to form a fluidic network, with a second component which is not engraved to form such a network.
- the deposits of silicon nitride are carried out by LPCVD (“Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition”, or chemical deposition in low pressure vapor phase) and of silicon dioxide by PECVD (“Pressure Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition ”, or chemical vapor deposition under pressure) or by thermal oxidation.
- LPCVD Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition
- PECVD Pressure Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition
- thermal oxidation e.g., thermal oxidation
- a microsystem according to the invention makes it possible either to obtain information on small target structures, or to diagnose certain pathologies or functions via electrical, electrochemical or biochemical sensors, or to treat or inhibit certain pathological zones by electrostimulation and / or delivery of active substances in situ.
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- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
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- Hematology (AREA)
- Micromachines (AREA)
- Measurement And Recording Of Electrical Phenomena And Electrical Characteristics Of The Living Body (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/580,453 US20070276193A1 (en) | 2003-11-27 | 2004-11-19 | Vivo Diagnostic and Therapy Micro-Device |
EP04805845A EP1703925A1 (fr) | 2003-11-27 | 2004-11-19 | Microdispositif de diagnostic et de therapie in vivo |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0350919A FR2862881B1 (fr) | 2003-11-27 | 2003-11-27 | Microdispositif de diagnostic et de therapie in vivo |
FR0350919 | 2003-11-27 | ||
FR0450446A FR2862882B1 (fr) | 2004-03-04 | 2004-03-04 | Microdispositif de diagnostic et de therapie in vivo. |
FR0450446 | 2004-03-04 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2005053775A1 true WO2005053775A1 (fr) | 2005-06-16 |
Family
ID=34655199
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/FR2004/050602 WO2005053775A1 (fr) | 2003-11-27 | 2004-11-19 | Microdispositif de diagnostic et de therapie in vivo |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20070276193A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1703925A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2005053775A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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FR3003033B1 (fr) | 2013-03-07 | 2015-04-17 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Dispositif de prelevement d'un echantillon de liquide par capillarite et procede d'analyse associe |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001034088A2 (fr) * | 1999-11-12 | 2001-05-17 | Leo Rubin | Methodes de traitements d'arret cardiaque ou d'hypertension pulmonaire et compositions d'usages associes comprenant un polypeptide intestinal vaso-actif et un dispositif cardiaque a regulation electrique et chimique et techniques d'utilisation associees |
WO2002018785A1 (fr) * | 2000-08-31 | 2002-03-07 | Advanced Sensor Technologies | Systeme microfluidique |
WO2002043937A2 (fr) * | 2000-12-02 | 2002-06-06 | Aquamarijn Holding B.V. | Procede de fabrication de produit a l'aide d'une micro- ou nano- structure et produit obtenu |
US20020193818A1 (en) * | 2001-06-14 | 2002-12-19 | Integrated Sensing Systems, Inc. | Process of forming a microneedle and microneedle formed thereby |
US20020198512A1 (en) * | 2001-06-11 | 2002-12-26 | Endobionics, Inc. | Electroporation microneedle and methods for its use |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5591139A (en) * | 1994-06-06 | 1997-01-07 | The Regents Of The University Of California | IC-processed microneedles |
US6010461A (en) * | 1998-09-01 | 2000-01-04 | Sitek, Inc. | Monolithic silicon intra-ocular pressure sensor and method therefor |
US7048723B1 (en) * | 1998-09-18 | 2006-05-23 | The University Of Utah Research Foundation | Surface micromachined microneedles |
DE10029946A1 (de) * | 2000-06-17 | 2001-12-20 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Integrierte optische Wellenleiter für mikrofluidische Analysensysteme |
US6560472B2 (en) * | 2001-06-21 | 2003-05-06 | Microhelix, Inc. | Multi-channel structurally robust brain probe and method of making the same |
US7087444B2 (en) * | 2002-12-16 | 2006-08-08 | Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated | Method for integration of microelectronic components with microfluidic devices |
-
2004
- 2004-11-19 US US10/580,453 patent/US20070276193A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-11-19 WO PCT/FR2004/050602 patent/WO2005053775A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2004-11-19 EP EP04805845A patent/EP1703925A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001034088A2 (fr) * | 1999-11-12 | 2001-05-17 | Leo Rubin | Methodes de traitements d'arret cardiaque ou d'hypertension pulmonaire et compositions d'usages associes comprenant un polypeptide intestinal vaso-actif et un dispositif cardiaque a regulation electrique et chimique et techniques d'utilisation associees |
WO2002018785A1 (fr) * | 2000-08-31 | 2002-03-07 | Advanced Sensor Technologies | Systeme microfluidique |
WO2002043937A2 (fr) * | 2000-12-02 | 2002-06-06 | Aquamarijn Holding B.V. | Procede de fabrication de produit a l'aide d'une micro- ou nano- structure et produit obtenu |
US20020198512A1 (en) * | 2001-06-11 | 2002-12-26 | Endobionics, Inc. | Electroporation microneedle and methods for its use |
US20020193818A1 (en) * | 2001-06-14 | 2002-12-19 | Integrated Sensing Systems, Inc. | Process of forming a microneedle and microneedle formed thereby |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20070276193A1 (en) | 2007-11-29 |
EP1703925A1 (fr) | 2006-09-27 |
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